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+% Test definitions for accents and composite accents in Greek
+\documentclass[a4paper,british,polutonikogreek]{article}
+\pagestyle{empty}
+\usepackage[margin=2.5cm]{geometry}
+\usepackage{cmap} % fix search and cut-and-paste in Acrobat Reader
+
+\usepackage%
+{lmodern}
+% {gfsartemisia}
+% {gfsbaskerville}
+% [default]{gfsbodoni}
+% [default]{gfscomplutum}
+% {gfsdidot}
+% [default]{gfsneohellenic}
+% {lmodern} \usepackage{gfsporson} \renewcommand*\rmdefault{porson}
+% [default]{gfssolomos}
+% {kerkis}
+% {teubner}
+% \renewcommand{\ttdefault}{txtt}
+
+% Load the extended font encoding definitions (after font package)
+\usepackage[LGRx,T1]{fontenc}
+
+\usepackage{listings}
+\lstset{basicstyle=\ttfamily}
+
+% Babel package::
+
+\usepackage{babel}
+% revert the polutonikogreek definition of \~:
+% not required with babel-greek >= 1.4
+% \addto\extraspolutonikogreek{\renewcommand*{\~}{\a~}}
+% \addto\extrasgreek{\renewcommand*{\~}{\a~}}
+
+% "Lipsiakos" italic font `cbleipzig`:
+\newcommand*{\lishape}{\fontencoding{LGR}\fontfamily{cmr}%
+ \fontshape{li}\selectfont}
+\DeclareTextFontCommand{\textli}{\lishape}
+
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\selectlanguage{british}
+
+\section*{Greek diacritics with standard accent macros}
+
+\texttt{lgrxenc.def} is a comprehensive font encoding definition file.
+LICR macros are defined for all non-ASCII characters.
+Diacritics can be input using an extension of the standard macro
+commands with composite diacritics input as
+backslash followed by the LGR transliteration.%
+\footnote{This makes it easy to follow the advise in
+ \emph{teubner-doc}: ``typeset your paper with the regular
+ accent vowel ligatures and [{\ldots}] substitute them in the
+ final revision with the accented vowel macros only in those
+ instances where the lack of kerning is disturbing''.}
+
+The example in greek-usage.pdf:
+%
+\begin{quote} \selectlanguage{greek}
+ T\'i f\'hic? \<Id\`wn \>enj\'ede pa\~id''
+ \>eleuj\'eran t\`ac plhs\'ion N\'umfac stefano\~usan,
+ S\'wstrate, \>er\~wn \'ap\~hljec e\>uj\'uc?
+\end{quote}
+can be input as
+\begin{lstlisting}
+ T\'i f\'hic? \<Id\`wn \>enj\'ede pa\~id''
+ \>eleuj\'eran t\`ac plhs\'ion N\'umfac stefano\~usan,
+ S\'wstrate, \>er\~wn \'ap\~hljec e\>uj\'uc?
+\end{lstlisting}
+%
+Improvements:
+%
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item Accents can be placed on any character:%
+ \footnote{In babel-greek versions < 1.4, Babel's \emph{polutonikogreek}
+ option re-defined \textbackslash\textasciitilde (even for
+ Latin with \textbackslash textlatin).
+ This document reverted the babel definition in the preamble
+ to make the tilde/perispomeni-accent work as usual in both,
+ English (\textgreek{ni\~n\~o} ni\~n\~o) and Greek %
+ % (\foreignlanguage{greek}{ni\~n\~o \textlatin{ni\~n\~o}}).
+ .}
+ \textgreek{\"k \`l \'m \~<n \<o \>'p \>9 \`\>-}
+
+\item Kerning is preserved
+ \selectlanguage{greek}
+ \begin{tabular}[t]{llll}
+ & \textlatin{roman} & \textlatin{italic} & \textlatin{cbleipzig} \\
+ \foreignlanguage{british}{accent macro:} &
+ a\>ut'os & \emph{a\>ut\'os} & \textli{a\>ut\'os} \\
+ \foreignlanguage{british}{transliteration:} &
+ a>ut'os & \emph{a>ut'os} & \textli{a>ut'os}\\
+ \end{tabular}
+ \selectlanguage{british}
+
+ Like in any font encoding, kerning only works with pre-composed glyphs:
+ \textgreek{A\"UA $\ne$ A\~UA}, AVA $\ne$ A\~VA.
+
+\item Compatible with hyperref (see greekhyperref.pdf).
+
+\item Following Greek typesetting convention, diacritics (except the
+ dialytika) are placed to the left of capital letters and and dropped
+ by \verb|\MakeUppercase|:
+
+ \begin{quote} \selectlanguage{greek}
+ \'antropos $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{\'antropos},
+ \>'antropos $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{\>'antropos},\\
+ Aqill\'eas $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{Aqill\'eas},
+ \>Aqille\'us $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{\>Aqille\'us}.
+ \end{quote}
+
+ The dialytika is printed even in cases where it's not needed
+ in lowercase: % the "hiatus" feature
+ \begin{quote} \selectlanguage{greek}
+ \'aulos $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{\'aulos},
+ \'>aulos $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{\'\>aulos},
+ % from http://diacritics.typo.cz/index.php?id=69 μάινα -> ΜΑΪΝΑ
+ m\'aina $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{m\'aina},\\
+ % from http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neugriechische_Orthographie#Das_Trema
+ % κέικ, ἀυπνία/αϋπνία
+ k\'eik, $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{k\'eik},
+ \>aupn\'ia $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{\>aupn\'ia}.
+ \end{quote}
+\end{itemize}
+
+\selectlanguage{british} Composite diacritics can be specified as
+backslash + LGR transliteration or combined accent macros,
+e.\,g. \textgreek{\~>a} can be written as
+\begin{quote}
+ \verb+\~>a+, \verb+\>~a+,
+ \verb+\~\>{a}+, or \verb+\~\>a+.
+\end{quote}
+However, braces in composite accents
+(\verb+\~{\>a}+, \verb+\~{>a}+, or \verb+\~{\>{a}}+)
+lead to errors.
+
+\verb+\MakeUppercase+ works with most input variants but fails with a tilde
+in a document which does \textbf{not} define the \texttt{greek} or
+\texttt{polutonikogreek} language (where the tilde is an active character
+denoting a \verb|\nobreakspace|).
+Combining ``symbol macros'' (\verb+\>\~+) or reversing the order
+(\verb+\~>+) is safe:
+\foreignlanguage{greek}{\~>a $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{\~>a}}.
+
+Accent macros can start with \verb|\a| instead of \verb|\| when the
+short form is redefined, e.\,g. inside a \emph{tabbing} environment.
+This also works for the new-defined Dasia and Psili shortcuts
+(\verb|\a<| and \verb|\a>|):
+%
+\begin{quote}
+\selectlanguage{greek}
+\begin{tabbing}
+T'i f'hic? \= T\a'i f\a'hic? \\
+<Id`wn \> \a>enj\a'ede pa\a~id
+\end{tabbing}
+\end{quote}
+
+\end{document}