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diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/biblatex-chicago/cms-dates-sample.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/biblatex-chicago/cms-dates-sample.tex index ed175a3e1ef..8f195b73ce2 100644 --- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/biblatex-chicago/cms-dates-sample.tex +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/biblatex-chicago/cms-dates-sample.tex @@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ bibencoding=latin1,strict]{biblatex-chicago} % \usepackage[style=chicago-authordate,backend=biber,usecompiler=true,% % babel=hyphen,bibencoding=auto,sorting=nyt,cmslos,autocite=inline]{biblatex} -\DeclareLanguageMapping{german}{cms-german} +%\DeclareLanguageMapping{german}{cms-german} %\DeclareLanguageMapping{american}{cms-american} -\DeclareLanguageMapping{french}{cms-french} +%\DeclareLanguageMapping{french}{cms-french} %\renewcommand*{\rmdefault}{fgn}% The font (gentium) used for pdf \usepackage{ifthen} \usepackage{setspace} @@ -48,6 +48,8 @@ bibencoding=latin1,strict]{biblatex-chicago} \setcounter{biburlnumpenalty}{9000} \setcounter{biburlucpenalty}{9000} \setcounter{biburllcpenalty}{9000} +\protected\def\onethird{{\scriptsize\raisebox{.7ex}{1}% + \hspace{-0.1em}\raisebox{.2ex}{/}\hspace{-0.03em}3}} \newcommand{\cmd}[1]{\texttt{\textbackslash #1}} \usepackage[colorlinks,urlcolor=blue,citecolor=black, plainpages=false,breaklinks=true]{hyperref} @@ -67,14 +69,32 @@ process your .bib files, as \textsc{Bib}\TeX\ (and its more recent variants) will no longer provide all the features you need. The previous release of \textsf{Biber} (0.9.5), however, contained bugs that made it tricky to use with \textsf{biblatex-chicago}. These bugs -have been addressed in version 0.9.6, now current, so I highly -recommend that you upgrade to it and to \textsf{biblatex} 1.7, which -are intended to work together. The advice that follows in this +have been addressed in more recent versions, so I highly recommend +that you upgrade to (at least) 0.9.8 and to \textsf{biblatex} 1.7, +which are intended to work together. The advice that follows in this document assumes that you are using \textsf{Biber}; if you wish to continue using \textsc{Bib}\TeX\ then you need \textsf{biblatex} version 1.4c and, if you have any problems with the current release, possibly \textsf{biblatex-chicago} 0.9.7a. +\subsection*{Editions} +\label{editions} + +This file documents the author-date specification from the 16th +edition of \emph{The Chicago Manual of Style}, published in 2010. +This edition implements significant changes to what the specification +has, historically, recommended, and there are certain to be users who +prefer the older format with titles capitalized sentence-style and +not, in the case of most un-book-like entries, enclosed in quotation +marks. You can still use the 15th-edition style files from +\textsf{biblatex-chicago}, which have been updated with improvements +borrowed from the 16th edition, but which shouldn't require any +changes to your current .bib files. (See +\textsf{biblatex-chicago15.pdf and cms15-dates-sample.pdf}.) I shall +also, in a future release, implement a full 16th-edition style with +15th-edition title formatting, as envisaged by the \emph{Manual} +\autocite*[15.45]{chicago:manual}. + \subsection*{Usage} \label{usage} @@ -95,13 +115,13 @@ citation on the same page will print only the page reference: \autocite{browning:aurora}; \autocite[45]{browning:aurora}. Technically, this should only occur when a source is cited \enquote{more than once in one paragraph} -\autocite[16.114]{chicago:manual}, so you can use the \cmd{citereset} +\autocite[15.26]{chicago:manual}, so you can use the \cmd{citereset} command from \textsf{biblatex} to achieve the greatest compliance, as the package only offers automatic resetting on part, chapter, section, and subsection boundaries, while \textsf{biblatex-chicago} automatically resets the tracker at page breaks: -\citereset\cmd{citereset}\ \autocite[16.115]{chicago:manual}. If you +\citereset\cmd{citereset}\ \autocite[15.27]{chicago:manual}. If you are going to repeat a source, make sure that the cite command provides a postnote --- if you don't need to cite a specific page, then it's better only to use one citation rather than two, as otherwise, in the @@ -133,23 +153,22 @@ author with postnotes: \autocites{pirumova}[14]{pirumova:russian}; Chicago's author-date style only seems to recommend the use of shorthands as abbreviations for long authors' names, particularly -institutional names \autocite[17.47]{chicago:manual}. By default, I +institutional names \autocite[15.36]{chicago:manual}. By default, I have followed this recommendation: \cmd{autocites}: \autocites{bsi:abbreviation}{iso:electrodoc}; \cmd{textcites}: -\textcites{bsi:abbreviation}{iso:electrodoc}. It suggests placing the -expansion of the abbreviation into an alphabetized cross-reference -inside the reference list itself, a procedure that I have now -implemented for \textsf{biblatex-chicago}. To use this, you need a -\textsf{CustomC} entry containing the expansion, and either a -\textsf{userc} field in the parent entry or a \cmd{nocite} command to -make sure it is printed in the reference list. If you use a -\cmd{printshorthands} command, the list of shorthands will still be -printed, so you now have a variety of options available for presenting -the expansions depending on your specific requirements. Please note, -also, that you can get back something approaching the -\enquote{standard} behavior of shorthands if you give the -\texttt{cmslos=false} option to \textsf{biblatex-chicago} in your -document preamble. +\textcites{bsi:abbreviation}{iso:electrodoc}. This \textsf{shorthand} +will by default appear at the head of the entry in the list of +references, followed by the parenthesized expansion of the shorthand, +taken from the \textsf{author} field. (This is a change from the 15th +edition.) You will usually also need a \textsf{sortkey} field to make +sure that the entry is alphabetized by the \textsf{shorthand} rather +than by the \textsf{title}. If you use a \cmd{printshorthands} +command, the list of shorthands will still be printed, so you now have +a variety of options available for presenting the expansions depending +on your specific requirements. Please note, also, that you can get +back something approaching the \enquote{standard} behavior of +shorthands if you give the \texttt{cmslos=false} option to +\textsf{biblatex-chicago} in your document preamble. \subsection*{Mildly problematic entries} \label{sec:problematic} @@ -158,24 +177,31 @@ In most entries, the absence of an author can be supplied by, e.g., an editor or a translator: \autocite{chaucer:alt}; \autocite{silver:gawain}. Sometimes an anonymous work's author is known or can be guessed: \autocite{horsley:prosodies}; -\autocite{cook:sotweed}. Alternatively, in some cases the use of -\enquote{\texttt{Anon.}}\ as author may be the simplest option: -\autocite{anon:stanze}; \autocite{virginia:plantation}. - -With \textsf{Biber}, an absent \textsf{date} will automatically -provoke it into searching for other sorts of dates in the entry, in -the order \textsf{year, eventyear, origyear, urlyear}: e.g., -\autocite{evanston:library}, which only has a \textsf{urlyear}. (You -can eliminate some of these dates from the running, or change the -search order, using the \cmd{DeclareLabelyear} command in your -preamble, but please be aware that I have hard-coded this order into -the author-date style in order to cope with some tricky corners of the -specification. If you reorder these dates, and your references enter -these tricky corners, the results might be surprising. Cf.\ -section~4.5.2 in \textsf{biblatex.pdf} and section~5.2, -s.v.\ \enquote{date} in \textsf{biblatex-chicago.pdf} for the -details.) In most entry types, the absence of all four possible dates -will automatically produce \enquote{\texttt{n.d.}\hspace{-2pt}} +\autocite{cook:sotweed}. Alternatively, in some cases the +\textsf{title} may appear in place of the \textsf{author}: +\autocite{anon:stanze}; \autocite{virginia:plantation}. The 16th +edition is less than enthusiastic about the use of +\enquote{\texttt{Anon.}}\ as author. + +With \textsf{Biber}, in most entry types, an absent \textsf{date} will +automatically provoke it into searching for other sorts of dates in +the entry, in the order \textsf{year, eventyear, origyear, urlyear}: +e.g., \autocite{evanston:library}, which only has a \textsf{urlyear}. +In three entry types --- \textsf{Music}, \textsf{Review}, and +\textsf{Video} --- this search order is \textsf{eventyear, origyear, + year, urlyear}, as in these types the earliest year should take +precedence (cf.\ page~\pageref{sec:audiovisual}, below). You can +eliminate some of these dates from the running, or change the search +order, using the \cmd{DeclareLabelyear} command in your preamble, but +please be aware that I have hard-coded this order into the author-date +style in order to cope with some tricky corners of the specification. +If you reorder these dates, and your references enter these tricky +corners, the results might be surprising. (Cf.\ section~4.5.2 in +\textsf{biblatex.pdf} and section~5.2, s.v.\ \enquote{date} in +\textsf{biblatex-chicago.pdf} for the details.) + +In most entry types, the absence of all four possible dates will +automatically produce \mbox{\enquote{\texttt{n.d.}\hspace{-2pt}}} instead: \autocite{bernstein:shostakovich}. You can also give it yourself in the form \cmd{bibstring\{nodate\}}: \autocite{ross:thesis}. A date that can be guessed should appear @@ -185,17 +211,25 @@ macro so that the word appears correctly in both citations and the list of references: \autocite{author:forthcoming}; \autocite{contrib:contrib}. -The \emph{Manual} outlines a series of options for entries with more -than one date \autocite[17.124--27]{chicago:manual}. All of these -possibilities are available in \textsf{biblatex-chicago} using the -\texttt{cmsdate} entry option: \texttt{cmsdate=off} (the default): -\autocite{maitland:equity}; \texttt{cmsdate=on}: -\autocite{james:ambassadors}; \texttt{cmsdate=old}: -\autocite{emerson:nature}; \texttt{cmsdate=new}: -\autocite{maitland:canon}. These options, in combination with others -available in your .bib files, can cover a wide range of difficult -cases. Please see the next section below, the documentation in -\textsf{biblatex-chicago.pdf}, and also the following entries in +The 16th edition of the \emph{Manual} has changed the rules for +entries with more than one date \autocite[15.38]{chicago:manual}. +First, \textsf{Music} and \textsf{Video} entries have their own rules, +which are applied automatically. (Once again, see +page~\pageref{sec:audiovisual}, below.) For other entry types, there +are two options, corresponding to two different states of the +\texttt{cmsdate} entry option. The default is \texttt{cmsdate=off}: +\autocite{maitland:equity}. Here, setting the \textsf{pubstate} field +to \texttt{reprint} ensures that a notice of the original publication +date will be printed at the end of the reference list entry. +Alternatively, you can use \texttt{cmsdate=both}: +\autocite{emerson:nature}; \autocite{maitland:canon}. +\texttt{cmsdate=new} and \texttt{cmsdate=old} are both now synonyms of +\texttt{both}, while \texttt{cmsdate=on} is still available even +though it falls outside the specification: +\autocite{james:ambassadors}. These options, in combination with +others available in your .bib files, can cover a wide range of +difficult cases. Please see the next section below, the documentation +in \textsf{biblatex-chicago.pdf}, and also the following entries in \textsf{dates-test.bib}: \autocites{schweitzer:bach}{white:russ}{white:ross:memo}. @@ -212,7 +246,7 @@ differently please let me know. These present several peculiarities: the title of the work should always take the place of any author, no -\enquote{\texttt{n.d.}\hspace{-2pt}} will be automatically provided, +\enquote{\texttt{n.d.}\hspace{-2pt}} will automatically be provided, and any postnote field will be enclosed in quotation marks preceded by \enquote{\texttt{s.v.}\hspace{-2pt}} for \enquote{\emph{sub verbo}.} This allows you to refer to alphabetized articles in well-known @@ -220,14 +254,18 @@ reference works: \autocite[Hume, David]{ency:britannica}; \autocite[Sibelius, Jean]{grove:sibelius}; \autocite[BibTeX]{wikiped:bibtex}. -\subsubsection*{Author-less Article (and Manual) entries} +\subsubsection*{Author-less Article, Review, and Manual entries} \label{sec:authless:art} -In article entries with the \texttt{magazine} entrysubtype, the -absence of an author automatically places the title of the periodical -in citations and at the head of the entry in the list of references: -\autocite{gourmet:052006}; \autocite{lakeforester:pushcarts}; -\autocite{nyt:trevorobit}. In \textsf{manual} entries, the +In \textsf{Article} and \textsf{Review} entries with the +\texttt{magazine} entrysubtype, the absence of an author automatically +places the \textsf{journaltitle} of the periodical in citations and at +the head of the entry in the list of references: +\autocite{gourmet:052006}. You can cite newspaper and magazine +articles entirely within the text, i.e., without them appearing in the +reference list \autocite[15.47]{chicago:manual}, if you set the +\texttt{cmsdate=full} entry option: \autocite{lakeforester:pushcarts}; +\autocite{nyt:trevorobit}. In \textsf{Manual} entries, the \textsf{organization} field does the same: \autocite{dyna:browser}. If you wish to present an abbreviated form of the journal (or organization) name only in citations, then the \textsf{shortauthor} @@ -282,14 +320,14 @@ use a Misc entry with \texttt{classical} \textsf{entrysubtype}.) If you wish to include a comment inside the parentheses of a citation, it will need to be separated by a semicolon -\autocite[16.111]{chicago:manual}. If you have a \textsf{postnote}, +\autocite[15.23]{chicago:manual}. If you have a \textsf{postnote}, then you can manually provide the punctuation and comment in that field, e.g., \autocite[4; the unrevised trans.]{stendhal:parma}. -Without a \textsf{postnote}, you'll need a separate Misc or CustomC -entry containing just the text of the comment in the \textsf{title} -field, \textsf{entrysubtype} \texttt{classical}, and \textsf{options} -\texttt{skipbib}. An \cmd{autocites} command calling both the main -text and the comment will do the trick, e.g., +Without a \textsf{postnote}, you'll need a separate \textsf{Misc} or +\textsf{CustomC} entry containing just the text of the comment in the +\textsf{title} field, \textsf{entrysubtype} \texttt{classical}, and +\textsf{options} \texttt{skipbib}. An \cmd{autocites} command calling +both the main text and the comment will do the trick, e.g., \autocites{chicago:manual}{chicago:comment}. \subsubsection*{Multiple authors} @@ -307,7 +345,7 @@ Chicago author-date specification. However, if \enquote{a reference list includes another work \emph{of the same date} that would also be abbreviated as [\enquote{Hlatky et al.}] but whose coauthors are different persons or listed in a different order, the text citations - must distinguish between them} \autocite[16.118]{chicago:manual}. + must distinguish between them} \autocite[15.28]{chicago:manual}. The new (\textsf{Biber}-only) \textsf{biblatex} option \texttt{uniquelist}, set for you in \textsf{biblatex-chicago.sty}, will automatically handle many of these situations for you, but it is @@ -337,41 +375,50 @@ way that I know of to deal with this situation. \subsubsection*{Audiovisual entries} \label{sec:audiovisual} -According to the \emph{Manual}, \enquote{the author-date system is - inappropriate for most audiovisual materials\ldots\ Such materials - are best mentioned in running text and grouped in the reference list - under a subhead\ldots} \autocite[17.265]{chicago:manual}. Some -entries work perfectly well: \autocite{auden:reading}; -\autocite{hitchcock:nbynw}; \autocite{handel:messiah}. Others perhaps -require further information in the entry or genuinely are better -suited to presentation in running text: \autocite{beethoven:sonata29}; -\autocite{nytrumpet:art}. Published (\textsf{Audio}) and unpublished -(\textsf{Misc}) scores, for their part, are no problem at all: -\autocite{schubert:muellerin}; \autocite{verdi:corsaro}; -\autocite{shapey:partita}. The standard \textsf{biblatex} tools for -subdividing reference lists are all available if you want to follow -the \emph{Manual's} recommendations on that front. +According to the \emph{Manual}, \enquote{Chicago recommends a more + comprehensive approach to dating audiovisual materials than in + previous editions.} This means, for instance, that, even when +consulting a digital copy, \enquote{it is generally useful to give + information about the original source.} Also, \enquote{the date of + the original recording should be privileged in the citation} +\autocite[15.53]{chicago:manual}. The rather more book-like entries +are generally unaffected by these changes, so published +(\textsf{Audio}) and unpublished (\textsf{Misc}) scores are no problem +at all: \autocite{schubert:muellerin}; \autocite{verdi:corsaro}; +\autocite{shapey:partita}. The dating of online materials has been +enhanced: \autocite{coolidge:speech}; \autocite{horowitz:youtube}; +\autocite{pollan:plant}. The most significant changes, however, +appear in \textsf{Music} and \textsf{Video} entries, where every +effort should be made to find date(s) for sources: +\autocite{auden:reading}; \autocite{friends:leia}; +\autocite{handel:messiah}; \autocite{holiday:fool}; +\autocite{nytrumpet:art}. Others perhaps require further information +in the entry or genuinely are better suited to presentation in running +text: \autocite{beethoven:sonata29}. The standard \textsf{biblatex} +tools for subdividing reference lists are all available if you want to +follow the \emph{Manual's} recommendations on presenting this kind of +material separately from other sources. \subsection*{Further examples (mainly for testing purposes)} \label{testing} Article: \autocite{assocpress:gun}; \autocite{brown:bremer}; -\autocite{bundy:macneil}; \autocite{chu:panda}; -\autocite{Clemens:letter}; \autocite{conley:fifthgrade}; -\autocite{connell:chronic}; \autocite{friedman:learning}; -\autocite{garaud:gatine}; \autocite{garrett}; \autocite{gibbard}; -\autocite{kern}; \autocite{kimluu:diethyl}; \autocite{kozinn:review}; -\autocite{lewis}; \autocite{loften:hamlet}; +\autocite{chu:panda}; \autocite{conley:fifthgrade}; +\autocite{connell:chronic}; \autocite{ellis:blog}; +\autocite{friedman:learning}; \autocite{garaud:gatine}; +\autocite{garrett}; \autocite{gibbard}; \autocite{kern}; +\autocite{kimluu:diethyl}; \autocite{lewis}; \autocite{loften:hamlet}; \autocite{loomis:structure}; \autocite{morgenson:market}; -\autocite{osborne:poison}; \autocite{ratliff:review}; -\autocite{reaves:rosen}; \autocite{rozner:liberation}; -\autocite{schneider:mittelpleistozaene}; \autocite{sewall:letter}; -\autocite{stenger:privacy}; \autocite{terborgh:preservation}; -\autocite{wall:radio}; \autocite{wallraff:word}; +\autocite{osborne:poison}; \autocite{reaves:rosen}; +\autocite{rozner:liberation}; \autocite{schneider:mittelpleistozaene}; +\autocite{sewall:letter}; \autocite{stenger:privacy}; +\autocite{terborgh:preservation}; \autocite{wall:radio}; \autocite{warr:ellison}; \autocite{white:callimachus}. Artwork: \autocite{leo:madonna}. +Audio: \autocite{greek:filmstrip}; \autocite{weed:flatiron}. + Book: \autocite{barrows:reading}; \autocite{churchill:letters}; \autocite{cohen:schiff}; \autocite{cotton:manufacture}; \autocite{creasey:ashe:blast}; \autocite{creasey:morton:hide}; @@ -416,7 +463,12 @@ InReference: \autocite[absolute]{oed:cdrom}. Manual: \autocite{dyna:browser}. -Online: \autocite{powell:email}. +Misc: \autocite{roosevelt:speech}. + +Music: \autocite{floyd:atom}; \autocite{mozart:figaro}; +\autocite{rubinstein:chopin}. + +Online: \autocite{harwood:biden}; \autocite{powell:email}. Patent: \autocite{petroff:impurity}. @@ -424,6 +476,10 @@ Periodical: \autocite{good:wholeissue}; \autocite{whittington:water}. Report: \autocite{herwign:office}. +Review: \autocite{ac:comment}; \autocite{bundy:macneil}; +\autocite{Clemens:letter}; \autocite{kozinn:review}; +\autocite{ratliff:review}; \autocite{wallraff:word}. + SuppBook: \autocite{friedman:intro}; \autocite{polakow:afterw}; \autocite{prose:intro}. @@ -431,9 +487,11 @@ Thesis: \autocite{murphy:silent}. Unpublished: \autocite{nass:address}. +Video: \autocite{cleese:holygrail}; \autocite{hitchcock:nbynw}. + % \printshorthands % No longer necessary in author-date. -\nocite{*} +% \nocite{*} \printbibliography[title=References] \end{document} |