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-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
- "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
-<html >
-<head><title>9 Syntax for Path Specifications</title>
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
-<meta name="generator" content="TeX4ht (http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/TeX4ht/mn.html)">
-<meta name="originator" content="TeX4ht (http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/TeX4ht/mn.html)">
-<!-- html -->
-<meta name="src" content="pgfmanual.tex">
-<meta name="date" content="2005-11-15 18:41:00">
-<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="pgfmanual.css">
-</head><body
->
- <div class="crosslinks"><p class="noindent">[<a
-href="pgfmanualse10.html" >next</a>] [<a
-href="pgfmanualse8.html" >prev</a>] [<a
-href="pgfmanualse8.html#tailpgfmanualse8.html" >prev-tail</a>] [<a
-href="#tailpgfmanualse9.html">tail</a>] [<a
-href="pgfmanual.html#pgfmanualse9.html" >up</a>] </p></div>
- <h3 class="sectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9 </span> <a
- id="x10-970009"></a>Syntax for Path Specifications</h3>
-<!--l. 10--><p class="noindent">A <span
-class="cmti-10">path </span>is a series of straight and curved line segments. It is specified following a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span></span></span> command and
-the specification must follow a special syntax, which is described in the subsections of the present
-section.
-<!--l. 16--><p class="indent">
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox25"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">specification</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-97001"></a>
- <!--l. 17--><p class="noindent">This command is available only inside a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">{tikzpicture}</span></span></span> environment.
- <!--l. 19--><p class="noindent">The <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">specification</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>is a long stream of <span
-class="cmti-10">path operations</span>. Most of these path operations tell Ti<span
-class="cmti-10">k</span>Z&nbsp;how
- the path is build. For example, when you write <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">--(0,0)</span></span></span>, you use a <span
-class="cmti-10">line-to operation </span>and it means
- &#8220;continue the path from wherever you are to the origin.&#8221;
- <!--l. 25--><p class="noindent">At any point where Ti<span
-class="cmti-10">k</span>Z&nbsp;expects a path operation, you can also give some graphic options, which
- is a list of options in brackets, such as <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">[rounded</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;corners]</span></span></span>. These options can have different
- effects:
- <ol type="1" class="enumerate1" >
- <li class="enumerate" value="1"
-><a
- id="x10-97003x1"></a>Some options take &#8220;immediate&#8221; effect and apply to all subsequent path operations on the path.
- For example, the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">rounded</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;corners</span></span></span> option will round all following corners, but not the corners
- &#8220;before&#8221; and if the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">sharp</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;corners</span></span></span> is given later on the path (in a new set of brackets), the
- rounding effect will end.
- <!--l. 37--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-95-" ><colgroup id="TBL-95-1g"><col
-id="TBL-95-1"><col
-id="TBL-95-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-95-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-95-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-99.svg" width="115.34386 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-95-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"><br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[rounded</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;corners]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,1)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[sharp</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;corners]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- <!--l. 42--><p class="noindent">Another example are the transformation options, which also apply only to subsequent coordinates.
- </li>
- <li class="enumerate" value="2"
-><a
- id="x10-97005x2"></a>The options that have immediate effect can be &#8220;scoped&#8221; by putting part of a path in curly braces. For
- example, the above example could also be written as follows:
- <!--l. 49--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-96-" ><colgroup id="TBL-96-1g"><col
-id="TBL-96-1"><col
-id="TBL-96-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-96-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-96-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-100.svg" width="115.34386 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-96-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"><br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{[rounded</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;corners]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,1)}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li>
- <li class="enumerate" value="3"
-><a
- id="x10-97007x3"></a>Some options only apply to the path as a whole. For example, the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">color=</span></span></span> option for determining the
- color used for, say, drawing the path always applies to all parts of the path. If several different
- colors are given for different parts of the path, only the last one (on the outermost scope)
- &#8220;wins&#8221;:
- <!--l. 61--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-97-" ><colgroup id="TBL-97-1g"><col
-id="TBL-97-1"><col
-id="TBL-97-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-97-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-97-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-101.svg" width="115.34386 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-97-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"><br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[color=red]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,1)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[color=blue]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- <!--l. 67--><p class="noindent">Most options are of this type. In the above example, we would have had to &#8220;split up&#8221; the path into
- several <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span></span></span> commands:
-
-
- <!--l. 69--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-98-" ><colgroup id="TBL-98-1g"><col
-id="TBL-98-1"><col
-id="TBL-98-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-98-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-98-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-102.svg" width="115.34386 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-98-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"><br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz{\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[color=red]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[color=blue]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1);}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li></ol>
- <!--l. 76--><p class="noindent">By default, the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span></span></span> command does &#8220;nothing&#8221; with the path, it just &#8220;throws it away.&#8221; Thus, if you write
- <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path(0,0)--(1,1);</span></span></span>, nothing is drawn in your picture. The only effect is that the area occupied by the
- picture is (possibly) enlarged so that the path fits inside the area. To actually &#8220;do&#8221; something with the path,
- an option like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">draw</span></span></span> or <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">fill</span></span></span> must be given somewhere on the path. Commands like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\draw</span></span></span> do this
- implicitly.
- <!--l. 85--><p class="noindent">Finally, it is also possible to give <span
-class="cmti-10">node specifications </span>on a path. Such specifications can come at
- different locations, but they are always allowed when a normal path operation could follow. A
- node specification starts with <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">node</span></span></span>. Basically, the effect is to typeset the node&#8217;s text as normal
- <span class="TEX">T<span
-class="E">E</span>X</span>&nbsp;text and to place it at the &#8220;current location&#8221; on the path. The details are explained in
- Section&nbsp;<a
-href="pgfmanualse11.html#x12-13600011">11<!--tex4ht:ref: section-nodes --></a>.
- <!--l. 93--><p class="noindent">Note, however, that the nodes are <span
-class="cmti-10">not </span>part of the path in any way. Rather, after everything has been done
- with the path what is specified by the path options (like filling and drawing the path due to a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">fill</span></span></span>
- and a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">draw</span></span></span> option somewhere in the <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">specification</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>), the nodes are added in a post-processing
- step.
- <!--l. 100--><p class="noindent">The following style influences scopes:
- <ul class="itemize1">
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">every path</span><a
- id="dx10-97008"></a><a
- id="dx10-97009"></a> This style is installed at the beginning of every path. This can be useful for
- (temporarily) adding, say, the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">draw</span></span></span> option to everything in a scope.
- <!--l. 106--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-99-" ><colgroup id="TBL-99-1g"><col
-id="TBL-99-1"><col
-id="TBL-99-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-99-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-99-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-103.svg" width="115.34386 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-99-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[fill=examplefill]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;only</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;sets</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;the</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;color</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\tikzstyle{every</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;path}=[draw]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;all</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;paths</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;are</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;drawn</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\fill</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;rectangle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;+(1,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\shade</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;rectangle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;+(1,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li></ul>
- </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 119--><p class="noindent">
- <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.1 </span> <a
- id="x10-980009.1"></a>The Move-To Operation</h4>
-<!--l. 121--><p class="noindent">The perhaps simplest operation is the move-to operation, which is specified by just giving a coordinate where a path
-operation is expected.
-<!--l. 125--><p class="indent">
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox26"><span id="textcolor27"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor28">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-98001"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-98002"></a>
- <!--l. 128--><p class="noindent">The move-to operation normally starts a path at a certain point. This does not cause a line segment
- to be created, but it specifies the starting point of the next segment. If a path is already under
- construction, that is, if several segments have already been created, a move-to operation will start a
- new part of the path that is not connected to any of the previous segments.
- <!--l. 135--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-100-" ><colgroup id="TBL-100-1g"><col
-id="TBL-100-1"><col
-id="TBL-100-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-100-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-100-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-104.svg" width="77.40701 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-100-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--(2,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
-
-
- <!--l. 141--><p class="noindent">In the specification <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;--(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;(0,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;--(2,1)</span></span></span> two move-to operations are specified: <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">(0,0)</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">(0,1)</span></span></span>.
- The other two operations, namely <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">--(2,0)</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">--(2,1)</span></span></span> are line-to operations, described next.
- </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 148--><p class="noindent">
- <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.2 </span> <a
- id="x10-990009.2"></a>The Line-To Operation</h4>
-<!--l. 151--><p class="noindent">
- <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.2.1 </span> <a
- id="x10-1000009.2.1"></a>Straight Lines</h5>
-<!--l. 153--><p class="noindent">
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox29"><span id="textcolor30"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmtt-10">--</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor31">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-100001"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-100002"></a>
- <!--l. 154--><p class="noindent">The line-to operation extends the current path from the current point in a straight line to the given
- coordinate. The &#8220;current point&#8221; is the endpoint of the previous drawing operation or the point specified
- by a prior move-to operation.
- <!--l. 159--><p class="noindent">You use two minus signs followed by a coordinate in round brackets. You can add spaces before and
- after the&nbsp;<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">--</span></span></span>.
- <!--l. 162--><p class="noindent">When a line-to operation is used and some path segment has just been constructed, for example by
- another line-to operation, the two line segments become joined. This means that if they are drawn, the
- point where they meet is &#8220;joined&#8221; smoothly. To appreciate the difference, consider the following two
- examples: In the left example, the path consists of two path segments that are not joined, but that
- happen to share a point, while in the right example a smooth join is shown.
- <!--l. 170--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-105.svg" width="204.0175 " height="64.5719 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-101-" ><colgroup id="TBL-101-1g"><col
-id="TBL-101-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-101-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-101-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[line</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;width=10pt]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--(2,0);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(4,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(5,0);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\useasboundingbox</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,1.5);</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;make</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;bounding</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;box</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;higher</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 181--><p class="noindent">
- <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.2.2 </span> <a
- id="x10-1010009.2.2"></a>Horizontal and Vertical Lines</h5>
-<!--l. 183--><p class="noindent">Sometimes you want to connect two points via straight lines that are only horizontal and vertical. For this, you can
-use two path construction operations.
-<!--l. 188--><p class="indent">
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox32"><span id="textcolor33"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmtt-10">-|</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor34">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-101001"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-101002"></a>
- <!--l. 191--><p class="noindent">This operation means &#8220;first horizontal, then vertical.&#8221;
- <!--l. 193--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-102-" ><colgroup id="TBL-102-1g"><col
-id="TBL-102-1"><col
-id="TBL-102-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-102-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-102-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-106.svg" width="86.85094 " height="67.43805 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-102-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[draw]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{A}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node(b)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[draw]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{B};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a.north)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;|-</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b.west);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[color=red]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a.east)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;-|</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1.5)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;-|</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b.north);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
-
-
- </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 201--><p class="noindent">
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox35"><span id="textcolor36"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmtt-10">|-</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor37">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-101003"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-101004"></a>
- <!--l. 204--><p class="noindent">This operations means &#8220;first vertical, then horizontal.&#8221; </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 209--><p class="noindent">
- <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.2.3 </span> <a
- id="x10-1020009.2.3"></a>Snaked Lines</h5>
-<!--l. 212--><p class="noindent">The line-to operation can not only be used to append straight lines to the path, but also &#8220;snaked&#8221; lines (called thus
-because they look a little bit like snakes seen from above).
-<!--l. 216--><p class="indent"> Ti<span
-class="cmti-10">k</span>Z&nbsp;and <span
-class="cmcsc-10"><small
-class="small-caps">P</small><small
-class="small-caps">G</small><small
-class="small-caps">F</small></span>&nbsp;use a concept that I termed <span
-class="cmti-10">snakes </span>for appending such &#8220;squiggly&#8221; lines. A snake specifies a way
-of extending a path between two points in a &#8220;fancy manner.&#8221;
-<!--l. 220--><p class="indent"> Normally, a snake will just connect the start point to the end point without starting new subpaths. Thus, a path
-containing a snaked line can, nevetheless, still be used for filling. However, this is not always the case. Some snakes
-consist of numerous unconnected segments. &#8220;Lines&#8221; consisting of such snakes cannot be used as the borders of
-enclosed areas.
-<!--l. 227--><p class="indent"> Here are some examples of snakes in action:
-<!--l. 229--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-103-" ><colgroup id="TBL-103-1g"><col
-id="TBL-103-1"><col
-id="TBL-103-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-103-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-103-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-107.svg" width="115.87718 " height="128.8768 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-103-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[thick]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,3)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,3);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=zigzag]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,2.5)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,2.5);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=brace]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,2)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,2);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=triangles]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,1.5)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,1.5);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=coil,segment</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;length=4pt]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=coil,segment</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;aspect=0]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,.5)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,.5);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=expanding</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;waves,segment</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;angle=7]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,0);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
-<!--l. 241--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular">
-<table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-104-" ><colgroup id="TBL-104-1g"><col
-id="TBL-104-1"><col
-id="TBL-104-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-104-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-104-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-108.svg" width="121.98506 " height="84.05968 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-104-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\filldraw[fill=red!20,snake=bumps]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;rectangle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,2);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
-<!--l. 247--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-105-" ><colgroup id="TBL-105-1g"><col
-id="TBL-105-1"><col
-id="TBL-105-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-105-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-105-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-109.svg" width="120.22421 " height="84.07007 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-105-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\filldraw[fill=blue!20]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,3)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[snake=saw]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,3)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[snake=coil,segment</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;aspect=0]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[snake=bumps]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;-|</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,3);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
-
-
-<!--l. 256--><p class="indent"> No special path operation is needed to use a snake. Instead, you use the following option to &#8220;switch on&#8221;
-snaking:
- <ul class="itemize1">
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">snake</span><a
- id="dx10-102001"></a><a
- id="dx10-102002"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">snake name</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span> This option causes the snake <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">snake name</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>to be used for subsequent line-to
- operations. So, whenever you use the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">--</span></span></span> syntax to specify that a straight line should be added to the
- path, a snake to this path will be added instead. Snakes will also be used when you use the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">-|</span></span></span> and
- <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">|-</span></span></span> syntax and also when you use the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">rectangle</span></span></span> operation. Snakes will <span
-class="cmti-10">not </span>be used when you use the
- curve-to operation nor when any other &#8220;curved&#8221; line is added to the path.
- <!--l. 270--><p class="noindent">This option has to be given anew for each path. However, you can also leave out the <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">snake name</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>. In
- this case, the enclosing scope&#8217;s <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">snake name</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>is used. Thus, you can specify a &#8220;standard&#8221; snake name
- for scope and then just say <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\draw[snake]</span></span></span> every time this snake should actually be used.
- <!--l. 276--><p class="noindent">The <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">snake name</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">none</span></span></span> is special. It can be used to switch off snaking after it has been switched on
- on a path.
- <!--l. 279--><p class="noindent">A bit strangely, no valid <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">snake names</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>are defined by Ti<span
-class="cmti-10">k</span>Z&nbsp;by default. Instead, you have to include
- the library package <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">pgflibrarysnakes</span></span></span>. This package defines numerous snakes, see Section&nbsp;<a
-href="pgfmanualse14.html#x15-16700014.2">14.2<!--tex4ht:ref: section-library-snakes --></a> for
- the complete list.</li></ul>
-<!--l. 285--><p class="indent"> Most snakes can be configured. For example, for a snake that looks like a sine curve, you might wish to change
-the amplitude or the frequency. There are numerous options that influence these parameters. Not all options apply
-to all snakes, see Section&nbsp;<a
-href="pgfmanualse14.html#x15-16700014.2">14.2<!--tex4ht:ref: section-library-snakes --></a> once more for details.
- <ul class="itemize1">
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">gap before snakes</span><a
- id="dx10-102003"></a><a
- id="dx10-102004"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>This option allows you to add a certain &#8220;gap&#8221; to the snake at its beginning.
- The snake will not start at the current point; instead the start point of the snake is move be <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>in
- the direction of the target.
- <!--l. 297--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-106-" ><colgroup id="TBL-106-1g"><col
-id="TBL-106-1"><col
-id="TBL-106-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-106-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-106-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-110.svg" width="115.21051 " height="77.45523 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-106-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[help</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;lines]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;grid</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,2);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=zigzag]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;++(3,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=zigzag,gap</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;before</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;snake=1cm]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;++(3,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">gap after snake</span><a
- id="dx10-102005"></a><a
- id="dx10-102006"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>This option has the same effect as <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">gap</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;before</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;snake</span></span></span>, only it affects the end
- of the snake, which will &#8220;end early.&#8221;
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">gap around snake</span><a
- id="dx10-102007"></a><a
- id="dx10-102008"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>This option sets the gap before and after the gap to <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>.
- <!--l. 310--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-107-" ><colgroup id="TBL-107-1g"><col
-id="TBL-107-1"><col
-id="TBL-107-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-107-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-107-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-111.svg" width="115.21051 " height="78.32304 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-107-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[help</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;lines]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;grid</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,2);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=brace]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;++(3,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=brace,gap</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;around</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;snake=5mm]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;++(3,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">line before snake</span><a
- id="dx10-102009"></a><a
- id="dx10-102010"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>This option works like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">gap</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;before</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;snake</span></span></span>, only it will connect the current
- point with a straight line to the start of the snake.
-
-
- <!--l. 320--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-108-" ><colgroup id="TBL-108-1g"><col
-id="TBL-108-1"><col
-id="TBL-108-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-108-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-108-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-112.svg" width="115.21051 " height="77.45523 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-108-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[help</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;lines]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;grid</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,2);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=zigzag]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;++(3,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=zigzag,line</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;before</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;snake=1cm]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;++(3,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">line after snake</span><a
- id="dx10-102011"></a><a
- id="dx10-102012"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>Works line <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">gap</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;after</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;snake</span></span></span>, only it adds a straight line.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">line around snake</span><a
- id="dx10-102013"></a><a
- id="dx10-102014"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>Works line <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">gap</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;around</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;snake</span></span></span>, only it adds straight lines.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">raise snake</span><a
- id="dx10-102015"></a><a
- id="dx10-102016"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>This option can be used with all snakes. It will offset the snake by &#8220;raising&#8221; it by
- <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>. A negative <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>will lower the snake. Raising and lowering is always relative to the line
- along which the snake is drawn. Here is an example:
- <!--l. 336--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-109-" ><colgroup id="TBL-109-1g"><col
-id="TBL-109-1"><col
-id="TBL-109-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-109-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-109-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-113.svg" width="95.48378 " height="56.93579 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-109-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{A};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{B};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=brace]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=brace,raise</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;snake=5pt,red]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">mirror snake</span><a
- id="dx10-102017"></a><a
- id="dx10-102018"></a> This option causes the snake to be &#8220;reflected along the path.&#8221; This is best understood by
- looking at an example:
- <!--l. 348--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-110-" ><colgroup id="TBL-110-1g"><col
-id="TBL-110-1"><col
-id="TBL-110-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-110-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-110-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-114.svg" width="95.48378 " height="56.93579 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-110-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{A};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{B};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=brace]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=brace,mirror</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;snake,red,thick]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- <!--l. 357--><p class="noindent">This option can be used with every snake and can be combined with the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">raise</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;snake</span></span></span> option.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">segment amplitude</span><a
- id="dx10-102019"></a><a
- id="dx10-102020"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>This option sets the &#8220;amplitude&#8221; of the snake. For a snake that
- is a sine wave this would be the amplitude of this line. For other snakes this value typically
- describes how far the snakes &#8220;rises above&#8221; or &#8220;falls below&#8221; the path. For some snakes, this value is
- ignored.
-
-
- <!--l. 365--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-111-" ><colgroup id="TBL-111-1g"><col
-id="TBL-111-1"><col
-id="TBL-111-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-111-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-111-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-115.svg" width="95.57637 " height="94.87263 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-111-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{A}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{B}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(c)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,-1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{C};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=zigzag]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=zigzag,segment</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;amplitude=5pt,red,thick]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(c);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">segment length</span><a
- id="dx10-102021"></a><a
- id="dx10-102022"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>This option sets the length of each &#8220;segment&#8221; of a snake. For a sine wave
- this would be the wave length, for other snakes it is the length of each &#8220;repetitive part&#8221; of the
- snake.
- <!--l. 376--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-112-" ><colgroup id="TBL-112-1g"><col
-id="TBL-112-1"><col
-id="TBL-112-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-112-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-112-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-116.svg" width="95.57637 " height="94.87263 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-112-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{A}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{B}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(c)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,-1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{C};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=zigzag]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=zigzag,segment</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;length=20pt,red,thick]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(c);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- <!--l. 383--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular">
-<table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-113-" ><colgroup id="TBL-113-1g"><col
-id="TBL-113-1"><col
-id="TBL-113-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-113-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-113-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-117.svg" width="95.57637 " height="94.87263 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-113-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{A}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{B}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(c)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,-1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{C};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=bumps]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=bumps,segment</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;length=20pt,red,thick]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(c);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">segment object length</span><a
- id="dx10-102023"></a><a
- id="dx10-102024"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>This option sets the length of the objects inside each segment of a
- snake. This option is only used for snakes in which each segment contains an object like a triangle or a
- star.
- <!--l. 394--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-114-" ><colgroup id="TBL-114-1g"><col
-id="TBL-114-1"><col
-id="TBL-114-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-114-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-114-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-118.svg" width="95.57637 " height="94.87263 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-114-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{A}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{B}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(c)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,-1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{C};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=triangles]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=triangles,segment</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;object</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;length=8pt,red,thick]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(c);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">segment angle</span><a
- id="dx10-102025"></a><a
- id="dx10-102026"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">degrees</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>This option sets an angle that is interpreted in a snake-specific way. For example,
- the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">waves</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">expanding</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;waves</span></span></span> snakes interpret this as (half the) opening angle of the wave. The <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">border</span></span></span>
- snake uses this value for the angle of the little ticks.
-
-
- <!--l. 406--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-115-" ><colgroup id="TBL-115-1g"><col
-id="TBL-115-1"><col
-id="TBL-115-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-115-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-115-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-119.svg" width="95.48378 " height="19.6942 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-115-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[segment</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;amplitude=10pt]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{A}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{B};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=border]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=border,segment</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;angle=20,red,thick]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- <!--l. 413--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-116-" ><colgroup id="TBL-116-1g"><col
-id="TBL-116-1"><col
-id="TBL-116-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-116-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-116-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-120.svg" width="95.48378 " height="95.69038 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-116-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[segment</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;amplitude=10pt]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{A}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{B};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a')</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,-1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{A}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b')</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,-1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{B};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=expanding</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;waves]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=expanding</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;waves,segment</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;angle=20,red,thick]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a')</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b');</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">segment aspect</span><a
- id="dx10-102027"></a><a
- id="dx10-102028"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">ratio</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>This option sets an aspect ratio that is interpreted in a snake-specific way. For
- example, for the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">coils</span></span></span> snake this describes the &#8220;direction&#8221; from which the coil is viewed.
- <!--l. 425--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-117-" ><colgroup id="TBL-117-1g"><col
-id="TBL-117-1"><col
-id="TBL-117-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-117-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-117-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-121.svg" width="95.57637 " height="94.87263 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-117-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[segment</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;amplitude=5pt,segment</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;length=5pt]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{A}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{B}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(c)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,-1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{C};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=coil]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(b);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[snake=coil,segment</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;aspect=0,red,thick]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(a)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(c);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li></ul>
-<!--l. 434--><p class="indent"> It is possible to define new snakes, but this cannot be done inside Ti<span
-class="cmti-10">k</span>Z. You need to use the command
-<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\pgfdeclaresnake</span></span></span> from the basic level directly, see Section&nbsp;<a
-href="pgfmanualse22.html#x23-22900022">22<!--tex4ht:ref: section-base-snakes --></a>.
-<!--l. 438--><p class="indent"> The following styles define combinations of segment settings that may be useful:
- <ul class="itemize1">
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">snake triangles 45</span><a
- id="dx10-102029"></a><a
- id="dx10-102030"></a> Installs a snake the consists of little triangles with an opening angle of
- 45<sup ><span
-class="cmsy-7"><span class="htf-cmbx">o</span></span></sup>.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">snake triangles 60</span><a
- id="dx10-102031"></a><a
- id="dx10-102032"></a> Installs a snake the consists of little triangles with an opening angle of
- 60<sup ><span
-class="cmsy-7"><span class="htf-cmbx">o</span></span></sup>.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">snake triangles 90</span><a
- id="dx10-102033"></a><a
- id="dx10-102034"></a> Installs a snake the consists of little triangles with an opening angle of
- 90<sup ><span
-class="cmsy-7"><span class="htf-cmbx">o</span></span></sup>.</li></ul>
-<!--l. 454--><p class="noindent">
- <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.3 </span> <a
- id="x10-1030009.3"></a>The Curve-To Operation</h4>
-<!--l. 456--><p class="noindent">The curve-to operation allows you to extend a path using a B&eacute;zier curve.
-<!--l. 459--><p class="indent">
-
-
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox38"><span id="textcolor39"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmtt-10">..</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">controls</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">c</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">and</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">d</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">..</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">y</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor40">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-103001"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-103002"></a>
- <!--l. 460--><p class="noindent">This operation extends the current path from the current point, let us call it <span
-class="cmmi-10">x</span>, via a curve to a the
- current point&nbsp;<span
-class="cmmi-10">y</span>. The curve is a cubic B&eacute;zier curve. For such a curve, apart from <span
-class="cmmi-10">y</span>, you also specify
- two control points <span
-class="cmmi-10">c </span>and <span
-class="cmmi-10">d</span>. The idea is that the curve starts at <span
-class="cmmi-10">x</span>, &#8220;heading&#8221; in the direction of&nbsp;<span
-class="cmmi-10">c</span>.
- Mathematically spoken, the tangent of the curve at <span
-class="cmmi-10">x </span>goes through <span
-class="cmmi-10">c</span>. Similarly, the curve ends at <span
-class="cmmi-10">y</span>,
- &#8220;coming from&#8221; the other control point,&nbsp;<span
-class="cmmi-10">d</span>. The larger the distance between <span
-class="cmmi-10">x </span>and&nbsp;<span
-class="cmmi-10">c </span>and between <span
-class="cmmi-10">d</span>
- and&nbsp;<span
-class="cmmi-10">y</span>, the larger the curve will be.
- <!--l. 470--><p class="noindent">If the &#8220;<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">and</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">d</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>&#8221; part is not given, <span
-class="cmmi-10">d </span>is assumed to be equal to <span
-class="cmmi-10">c</span>.
- <!--l. 473--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-122.svg" width="204.0175 " height="52.27013 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-118-" ><colgroup id="TBL-118-1g"><col
-id="TBL-118-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-118-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-118-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[line</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;width=10pt]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;..</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;controls</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;..</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(4,0)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;..</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;controls</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(5,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;and</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(5,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;..</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(4,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[color=gray]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(4,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(5,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(5,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(4,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- <!--l. 481--><p class="noindent">As with the line-to operation, it makes a difference whether two curves are joined because they resulted
- from consecutive curve-to or line-to operations, or whether they just happen to have the same
- ending:
- <!--l. 485--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-123.svg" width="204.0175 " height="64.5719 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-119-" ><colgroup id="TBL-119-1g"><col
-id="TBL-119-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-119-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-119-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[line</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;width=10pt]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;..</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;controls</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;and</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;..</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(4,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;..</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;controls</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(4,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;and</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(5,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;..</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(5,0);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\useasboundingbox</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,1.5);</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;make</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;bounding</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;box</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;higher</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 495--><p class="noindent">
- <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.4 </span> <a
- id="x10-1040009.4"></a>The Cycle Operation</h4>
-<!--l. 497--><p class="noindent">
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox41"><span id="textcolor42"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmtt-10">--cycle</span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor43">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-104001"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-104002"></a>
- <!--l. 498--><p class="noindent">This operation adds a straight line from the current point to the last point specified by a move-to
- operation. Note that this need not be the beginning of the path. Furthermore, a smooth join is created
- between the first segment created after the last move-to operation and the straight line appended by
- the cycle operation.
- <!--l. 504--><p class="noindent">Consider the following example. In the left example, two triangles are created using three straight lines,
- but they are not joined at the ends. In the second example cycle operations are used.
- <!--l. 508--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-124.svg" width="317.82805 " height="64.5719 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-120-" ><colgroup id="TBL-120-1g"><col
-id="TBL-120-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-120-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-120-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[line</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;width=10pt]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(5,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(6,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(6,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;cycle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(7,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(8,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(8,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;cycle;</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\useasboundingbox</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,1.5);</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;make</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;bounding</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;box</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">&nbsp;higher</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table>
- </div>
- </dd></dl>
-
-
-<!--l. 519--><p class="noindent">
- <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.5 </span> <a
- id="x10-1050009.5"></a>The Rectangle Operation</h4>
-<!--l. 521--><p class="noindent">A rectangle can obviously be created using four straight lines and a cycle operation. However, since rectangles are
-needed so often, a special syntax is available for them.
-<!--l. 525--><p class="indent">
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox44"><span id="textcolor45"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmtt-10">rectangle</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">corner</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor46">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-105001"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-105002"></a>
- <!--l. 526--><p class="noindent">When this operation is used, one corner will be the current point, another corner is given by <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">corner</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>,
- which becomes the new current point.
- <!--l. 530--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-121-" ><colgroup id="TBL-121-1g"><col
-id="TBL-121-1"><col
-id="TBL-121-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-121-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-121-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-125.svg" width="134.31227 " height="58.43857 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-121-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v"><br>
-<span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;rectangle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(.5,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;rectangle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0.5)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;rectangle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3.5,1.5)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 539--><p class="noindent">
- <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.6 </span> <a
- id="x10-1060009.6"></a>Rounding Corners</h4>
-<!--l. 541--><p class="noindent">All of the path construction operations mentioned up to now are influenced by the following option:
- <ul class="itemize1">
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">rounded corners</span><a
- id="dx10-106001"></a><a
- id="dx10-106002"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">inset</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span> When this option is in force, all corners (places where a line is continued
- either via line-to or a curve-to operation) are replaced by little arcs so that the corner becomes smooth.
- <!--l. 549--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-122-" ><colgroup id="TBL-122-1g"><col
-id="TBL-122-1"><col
-id="TBL-122-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-122-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-122-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-126.svg" width="153.2807 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-122-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[rounded</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;corners]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;..</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;controls</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;..</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(4,0);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- <!--l. 554--><p class="noindent">The <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">inset</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>describes how big the corner is. Note that the <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">inset</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>is <span
-class="cmti-10">not </span>scaled along if you use a scaling option
- like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">scale=2</span></span></span>.
- <!--l. 558--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-123-" ><colgroup id="TBL-123-1g"><col
-id="TBL-123-1"><col
-id="TBL-123-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-123-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-123-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-127.svg" width="54.86644 " height="34.86652 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-123-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[color=gray,very</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;thin]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(10pt,15pt)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;circle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(10pt);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[rounded</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;corners=10pt]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0pt,25pt)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(40pt,25pt);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- <!--l. 565--><p class="noindent">You can switch the rounded corners on and off &#8220;in the middle of path&#8221; and different corners in the same path
- can have different corner radii:
- <!--l. 569--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-124-" ><colgroup id="TBL-124-1g"><col
-id="TBL-124-1"><col
-id="TBL-124-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-124-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-124-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-128.svg" width="77.40701 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-124-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[rounded</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;corners=10pt]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[sharp</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;corners]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[rounded</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;corners=5pt]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;cycle;</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- <!--l. 577--><p class="noindent">Here is a rectangle with rounded corners:
-
-
- <!--l. 578--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-125-" ><colgroup id="TBL-125-1g"><col
-id="TBL-125-1"><col
-id="TBL-125-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-125-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-125-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-129.svg" width="28.19987 " height="13.01471 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> &nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-125-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[rounded</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;corners=1ex]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;rectangle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(20pt,2ex);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table>
- </div>
- <!--l. 582--><p class="noindent">You should be aware, that there are several pitfalls when using this option. First, the rounded corner will only
- be an arc (part of a circle) if the angle is 90<sup ><span
-class="cmsy-7"><span class="htf-cmbx">o</span></span></sup>. In other cases, the rounded corner will still be round, but &#8220;not
- as nice.&#8221;
- <!--l. 587--><p class="noindent">Second, if there are very short line segments in a path, the &#8220;rounding&#8221; may cause inadverted effects. In such
- case it may be necessary to temporarily switch off the rounding using <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">sharp</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;corners</span></span></span>.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">sharp corners</span><a
- id="dx10-106003"></a><a
- id="dx10-106004"></a> This options switches off any rounding on subsequent corners of the path.</li></ul>
-<!--l. 599--><p class="noindent">
- <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.7 </span> <a
- id="x10-1070009.7"></a>The Circle and Ellipse Operations</h4>
-<!--l. 601--><p class="noindent">A circle can be approximated well using four B&eacute;zier curves. However, it is difficult to do so correctly. For
-this reason, a special syntax is available for adding such an approximation of a circle to the current
-path.
-<!--l. 606--><p class="indent">
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox47"><span id="textcolor48"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmtt-10">circle</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">(</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">radius</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">)</span></span></span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor49">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-107001"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-107002"></a>
- <!--l. 607--><p class="noindent">The center of the circle is given by the current point. The new current point of the path will remain
- to be the center of the circle. </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 612--><p class="indent">
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox50"><span id="textcolor51"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmtt-10">ellipse</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">(</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">half width</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"> <span
-class="cmtt-10">and </span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">half height</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">)</span></span></span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor52">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-107003"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-107004"></a>
- <!--l. 613--><p class="noindent">Note that you can add spaces after <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">ellipse</span></span></span>, but you have to place spaces around <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">and</span></span></span>.
- <!--l. 616--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-130.svg" width="295.54385 " height="48.95435 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-126-" ><colgroup id="TBL-126-1g"><col
-id="TBL-126-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-126-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-126-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;circle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(.5cm);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;ellipse</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1cm</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;and</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;.5cm)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;++(3,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;circle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(.5cm)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;++(2,-.5)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;circle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(.25cm);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table>
- </div>
- </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 626--><p class="noindent">
- <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.8 </span> <a
- id="x10-1080009.8"></a>The Arc Operation</h4>
-<!--l. 628--><p class="noindent">The <span
-class="cmti-10">arc operation </span>allows you to add an arc to the current path.
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox53"><span id="textcolor54"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmtt-10">arc</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">(</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">start angle</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">:</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">end angle</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">:</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">radius</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">/</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">half height</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">)</span></span></span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor55">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-108001"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-108002"></a>
- <!--l. 632--><p class="noindent">The arc operation adds a part of a circle of the given radius between the given angles. The arc will
- start at the current point and will end at the end of the arc.
-
-
- <!--l. 636--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-131.svg" width="305.02809 " height="58.4386 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-127-" ><colgroup id="TBL-127-1g"><col
-id="TBL-127-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-127-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-127-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;arc</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(180:90:1cm)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,.5)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;arc</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(90:0:1cm);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(4,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;+(30:1cm)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;arc</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(30:60:1cm)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;cycle;</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(8,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;arc</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0:270:1cm/.5cm)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;cycle;</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table>
- </div>
- <!--l. 644--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-128-" ><colgroup id="TBL-128-1g"><col
-id="TBL-128-1"><col
-id="TBL-128-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-128-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-128-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-132.svg" width="143.11578 " height="77.40703 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-128-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(-1,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;+(3.5,0);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;++(210:2cm)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;+(30:4cm);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;+(0:1cm)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;arc</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0:30:1cm);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;+(180:1cm)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;arc</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(180:210:1cm);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\path</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;++(15:.75cm)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node{$\alpha$};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\path</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;++(15:-.75cm)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node{$\beta$};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 657--><p class="noindent">
- <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.9 </span> <a
- id="x10-1090009.9"></a>The Grid Operation</h4>
-<!--l. 659--><p class="noindent">You can add a grid to the current path using the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">grid</span></span></span> path operation.
-<!--l. 662--><p class="indent">
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox56"><span id="textcolor57"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmtt-10">grid</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">[</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">options</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">]</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">corner</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor58">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-109001"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-109002"></a>
- <!--l. 663--><p class="noindent">This operations adss a grid filling a rectangle whose two corners are given by <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">corner</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>and by the
- previous coordinate. Thus, the typical way in which a grid is drawn is <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;grid</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;(3,3);</span></span></span>,
- which yields a grid filling the rectangle whose corners are at (1<span
-class="cmmi-10">,</span>1) and (3<span
-class="cmmi-10">,</span>3). All coordinate
- transformations apply to the grid.
- <!--l. 669--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular">
-<table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-129-" ><colgroup id="TBL-129-1g"><col
-id="TBL-129-1"><col
-id="TBL-129-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-129-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-129-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-133.svg" width="105.17888 " height="105.17888 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-129-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz[rotate=30]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[step=1mm]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;grid</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,2);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- <!--l. 673--><p class="noindent">The stepping of the grid is governed by the following options:
- <ul class="itemize1">
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">step</span><a
- id="dx10-109003"></a><a
- id="dx10-109004"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>sets the stepping in both the <span
-class="cmmi-10">x </span>and <span
-class="cmmi-10">y</span>-direction.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">xstep</span><a
- id="dx10-109005"></a><a
- id="dx10-109006"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>sets the stepping in the <span
-class="cmmi-10">x</span>-direction.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">ystep</span><a
- id="dx10-109007"></a><a
- id="dx10-109008"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>sets the stepping in the <span
-class="cmmi-10">y</span>-direction.</li></ul>
-
-
- <!--l. 684--><p class="noindent">It is important to note that the grid is always &#8220;phased&#8221; such that it contains the point (0<span
-class="cmmi-10">,</span>0) if that point
- happens to be inside the rectangle. Thus, the grid does <span
-class="cmti-10">not </span>always have an intersection at the corner points;
- this occurs only if the corner points are multiples of the stepping. Note that due to rounding errors, the
- &#8220;last&#8221; lines of a grid may be omitted. In this case, you have to add an epsilon to the corner
- points.
- <!--l. 692--><p class="noindent">The following style is useful for drawing grids:
- <ul class="itemize1">
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">help lines</span><a
- id="dx10-109009"></a><a
- id="dx10-109010"></a> This style makes lines &#8220;subdued&#8221; by using thin gray lines for them. However, this
- style is not installed automatically and you have to say for example:
- <!--l. 698--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular">
-<table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-130-" ><colgroup id="TBL-130-1g"><col
-id="TBL-130-1"><col
-id="TBL-130-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-130-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-130-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-134.svg" width="115.07718 " height="115.07718 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-130-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[style=help</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;lines]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;grid</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,3);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li></ul>
- </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 706--><p class="noindent">
- <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.10 </span> <a
- id="x10-1100009.10"></a>The Parabola Operation</h4>
-<!--l. 708--><p class="noindent">The <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">parabola</span></span></span> path operation continues the current path with a parabola. A parabola is a (shifted and scaled) curve
-defined by the equation <span
-class="cmmi-10">f</span>(<span
-class="cmmi-10">x</span>) = <span
-class="cmmi-10">x</span><sup ><span
-class="cmr-7">2</span></sup> and looks like this: <object data="pgfmanual-135.svg" width="13.01471 " height="10.14436 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>.
-<!--l. 714--><p class="indent">
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox59"><span id="textcolor60"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmtt-10">parabola</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">[</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">options</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">]</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">bend</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">bend coordinate</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor61">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-110001"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-110002"></a>
- <!--l. 715--><p class="noindent">This operation adds a parabola through the current point and the given <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>. If the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">bend</span></span></span> is
- given, it specifies where the bend should go; the <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">options</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>can also be used to specify where the bend
- is. By default, the bend is at the old current point.
- <!--l. 720--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-131-" ><colgroup id="TBL-131-1g"><col
-id="TBL-131-1"><col
-id="TBL-131-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-131-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-131-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-136.svg" width="153.28075 " height="67.92279 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-131-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;rectangle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1.5)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;parabola</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1.5);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[xshift=1.5cm]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;rectangle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1.5)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;parabola[bend</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;at</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;end]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1.5);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[xshift=3cm]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;rectangle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1.5)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;parabola</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;bend</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(.75,1.75)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1.5);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- <!--l. 731--><p class="noindent">The following options influence parabolas:
- <ul class="itemize1">
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">bend</span><a
- id="dx10-110003"></a><a
- id="dx10-110004"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>Has the same effect as saying <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">bend</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>outside the <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">options</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>. The
- option specifies that the bend of the parabola should be at the given <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>. You have to
- take care yourself that the bend position is a &#8220;valid&#8221; position; which means that if there is no
- parabola of the form <span
-class="cmmi-10">f</span>(<span
-class="cmmi-10">x</span>) = <span
-class="cmmi-10">ax</span><sup ><span
-class="cmr-7">2</span></sup> +<span
-class="cmmi-10">bx</span>+<span
-class="cmmi-10">c </span>that goes through the old current point, the given bend,
- and the new current point, the result will not be a parabola.
-
-
- <!--l. 742--><p class="noindent">There is one special property of the <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>: When a relative coordinate is given like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">+(0,0)</span></span></span>,
- the position relative to which this coordinate is &#8220;flexible.&#8221; More precisely, this position lies
- somewhere on a line from the old current point to the new current point. The exact position
- depends on the next option.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">bend pos</span><a
- id="dx10-110005"></a><a
- id="dx10-110006"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">fraction</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>Specifies where the &#8220;previous&#8221; point is relative to which the bend is
- calculated. The previous point will be at the <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">fraction</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>th part of the line from the old current
- point to the new current point.
- <!--l. 755--><p class="noindent">The idea is the following: If you say <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">bend</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;pos=0</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">bend</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;+(0,0)</span></span></span>, the bend will be at the old
- current point. If you say <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">bend</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;pos=1</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">bend</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;+(0,0)</span></span></span>, the bend will be at the new current
- point. If you say <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">bend</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;pos=0.5</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">bend</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;+(0,2cm)</span></span></span> the bend will be 2cm above the middle
- of the line between the start and end point. This is most useful in situations such as the
- following:
- <!--l. 761--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-132-" ><colgroup id="TBL-132-1g"><col
-id="TBL-132-1"><col
-id="TBL-132-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-132-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-132-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-137.svg" width="153.14735 " height="77.40701 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-132-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[help</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;lines]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;grid</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,2);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(-1,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;parabola[bend</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;pos=0.5]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;bend</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;+(0,2)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;+(3,0);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- <!--l. 768--><p class="noindent">In the above example, the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">bend</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;+(0,2)</span></span></span> essentially means &#8220;a parabola that is 2cm high&#8221; and
- <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">+(3,0)</span></span></span> means &#8220;and 3cm wide.&#8221; Since this situation arises often, there is a special shortcut
- option:
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">parabola height</span><a
- id="dx10-110007"></a><a
- id="dx10-110008"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>This option has the same effect as if you had written the following
- instead: <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">[bend</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;pos=0.5,bend={+(0pt,</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">)}]</span></span></span>.
- <!--l. 775--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-133-" ><colgroup id="TBL-133-1g"><col
-id="TBL-133-1"><col
-id="TBL-133-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-133-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-133-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-138.svg" width="153.14735 " height="77.40703 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-133-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[help</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;lines]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;grid</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,2);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(-1,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;parabola[parabola</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;height=2cm]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;+(3,0);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li></ul>
- <!--l. 783--><p class="noindent">The following styles are useful shortcuts:
- <ul class="itemize1">
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">bend at start</span><a
- id="dx10-110009"></a><a
- id="dx10-110010"></a> This places the bend at the start of a parabola. It is a shortcut for the
- following options: <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">bend</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;pos=0,bend={+(0,0)}</span></span></span>.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">bend at end</span><a
- id="dx10-110011"></a><a
- id="dx10-110012"></a> This places the bend at the end of a parabola.</li></ul>
- </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 794--><p class="noindent">
- <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.11 </span> <a
- id="x10-1110009.11"></a>The Sine and Cosine Operation</h4>
-<!--l. 796--><p class="noindent">The <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">sin</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">cos</span></span></span> operations are similar to the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">parabola</span></span></span> operation. They, too, can be used to draw (parts of) a sine
-or cosine curve.
-<!--l. 800--><p class="indent">
-
-
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox62"><span id="textcolor63"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmtt-10">sin</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor64">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-111001"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-111002"></a>
- <!--l. 801--><p class="noindent">The effect of <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">sin</span></span></span> is to draw a scaled and shifted version of a sine curve in the interval [0<span
-class="cmmi-10">,<img
-src="cmmi10-19.png" alt="p" class="10x-x-19" />/</span>2]. The
- scaling and shifting is done in such a way that the start of the sine curve in the interval is at the old
- current point and that the end of the curve in the interval is at <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>. Here is an example that
- should clarify this:
- <!--l. 807--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-134-" ><colgroup id="TBL-134-1g"><col
-id="TBL-134-1"><col
-id="TBL-134-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-134-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-134-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-139.svg" width="136.96812 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-134-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;rectangle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;sin</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;rectangle</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;+(1.57,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;sin</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;+(1.57,1);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 813--><p class="indent">
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox65"><span id="textcolor66"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmtt-10">cos</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor67">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-111003"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-111004"></a>
- <!--l. 814--><p class="noindent">This operation works similarly, only a cosine in the interval [0<span
-class="cmmi-10">,<img
-src="cmmi10-19.png" alt="p" class="10x-x-19" />/</span>2] is drawn. By correctly alternating
- <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">sin</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">cos</span></span></span> operations, you can create a complete sine or cosine curve:
- <!--l. 818--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-140.svg" width="299.33888 " height="115.34384 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-135-" ><colgroup id="TBL-135-1g"><col
-id="TBL-135-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-135-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-135-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[xscale=1.57]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;sin</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;cos</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;sin</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,-1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;cos</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(4,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;sin</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(5,1);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[color=red]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,1.5)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;cos</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;sin</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,-1.5)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;cos</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;sin</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(4,1.5)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;cos</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(5,0);</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table>
- </div>
- </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 826--><p class="indent"> Note that there is no way to (conveniently) draw an interval on a sine or cosine curve whose end points are not
-multiples of <span
-class="cmmi-10"><img
-src="cmmi10-19.png" alt="p" class="10x-x-19" />/</span>2.
-<!--l. 831--><p class="noindent">
- <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.12 </span> <a
- id="x10-1120009.12"></a>The Plot Operation</h4>
-<!--l. 833--><p class="noindent">The <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span></span></span> operation can be used to append a line or curve to the path that goes through a large number of
-coordinates. These coordinates are either given in a simple list of coordinates or they are read from some
-file.
-<!--l. 838--><p class="indent"> The syntax of the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span></span></span> comes in different versions.
-<!--l. 840--><p class="indent">
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox68"><span id="textcolor69"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmtt-10">--plot</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">further arguments</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor70">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-112001"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-112002"></a>
- <!--l. 841--><p class="noindent">This operation plots the curve through the coordinates specified in the <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">further arguments</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>. The current
- (sub)path is simply continued, that is, a line-to operation to the first point of the curve is implicitly
- added. The details of the <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">further arguments</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>will be explained in a moment. </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 848--><p class="indent">
-
-
- <dl class="description"><dt class="description">
-<span
-class="colorbox" id="colorbox71"><span id="textcolor72"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\path</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;...</span> <span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">further arguments</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>&nbsp;<span id="textcolor73">...<span
-class="cmtt-10">;</span></span></span> </dt><dd
-class="description">
-<a
- id="dx10-112003"></a>
-<a
- id="dx10-112004"></a>
- <!--l. 849--><p class="noindent">This operation plots the curve through the coordinates specified in the <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">further arguments</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>by first
- &#8220;moving&#8221; to the first coordinate of the curve. </dd></dl>
-<!--l. 854--><p class="indent"> The <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">further arguments</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>are used in three different ways to specifying the coordinates of the points to be
-plotted:
-<!--l. 857--><p class="indent">
- <ol type="1" class="enumerate1" >
- <li class="enumerate" value="1"
-><a
- id="x10-112006x1"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">--</span></span></span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span></span></span><span
-class="cmtt-10">[</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">local options</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">]</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">coordinates{</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate 1</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate 2</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>...<span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">coordinate </span><span
-class="cmmi-10">n</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">}</span></span></span>
- </li>
- <li class="enumerate" value="2"
-><a
- id="x10-112008x2"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">--</span></span></span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span></span></span><span
-class="cmtt-10">[</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">local options</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">]</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">file{</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">filename</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">}</span></span></span>
- </li>
- <li class="enumerate" value="3"
-><a
- id="x10-112010x3"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">--</span></span></span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span></span></span><span
-class="cmtt-10">[</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">local options</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">]</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">function{</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">gnuplot formula</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">}</span></span></span></li></ol>
-<!--l. 867--><p class="indent"> These different ways are explained in the following.
-<!--l. 870--><p class="noindent">
- <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.12.1 </span> <a
- id="x10-1130009.12.1"></a>Plotting Points Given Inline</h5>
-<!--l. 872--><p class="noindent">In the first two cases, the points are given directly in the <span class="TEX">T<span
-class="E">E</span>X</span>-file as in the following example:
-<!--l. 875--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular">
-<table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-136-" ><colgroup id="TBL-136-1g"><col
-id="TBL-136-1"><col
-id="TBL-136-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-136-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-136-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-141.svg" width="115.34386 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-136-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;coordinates</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(10:2cm)};</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
-<!--l. 879--><p class="indent"> Here is an example showing the difference between <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">--plot</span></span></span>:
-<!--l. 881--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-142.svg" width="342.96501 " height="39.47017 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-137-" ><colgroup id="TBL-137-1g"><col
-id="TBL-137-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-137-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-137-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;coordinates</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(4,0)};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[color=red,xshift=5cm]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;coordinates</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(4,0)};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table>
-</div>
-<!--l. 890--><p class="noindent">
- <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.12.2 </span> <a
- id="x10-1140009.12.2"></a>Plotting Points Read From an External File</h5>
-<!--l. 892--><p class="noindent">The second way of specifying points is to put them in an external file named <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">filename</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>. Currently, the only file
-format that Ti<span
-class="cmti-10">k</span>Z&nbsp;allows is the following: Each line of the <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">filename</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>should contain one line starting with two
-numbers, separated by a space. Anything following the two numbers on the line is ignored. Also, lines starting with
-a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">%</span></span></span> or a <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">#</span></span></span> are ignored as well as empty lines. (This is exactly the format that <span
-class="cmcsc-10"><small
-class="small-caps">G</small><small
-class="small-caps">N</small><small
-class="small-caps">U</small><small
-class="small-caps">P</small><small
-class="small-caps">L</small><small
-class="small-caps">O</small><small
-class="small-caps">T</small> </span>produces when you say
-<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">set</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;terminal</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;table</span></span></span>.) If necessary, more formats will be supported in the future, but it is usually easy to produce a
-file containing data in this form.
-<!--l. 903--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-143.svg" width="384.13968 " height="80.63216 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-138-" ><colgroup id="TBL-138-1g"><col
-id="TBL-138-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-138-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-138-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[mark=x,smooth]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;file</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{plots/pgfmanual-sine.table};</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td></tr></table>
-</div>
-<!--l. 907--><p class="indent"> The file <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plots/pgfmanual-sine.table</span></span></span> reads:
-
-
-<!--l. 908--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-139-" ><colgroup id="TBL-139-1g"><col
-id="TBL-139-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-139-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-139-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">#Curve</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;0,</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;20</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;points</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">#x</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;y</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;type</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">0.00000</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;0.00000</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;i</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">0.52632</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;0.50235</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;i</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">1.05263</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;0.86873</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;i</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">1.57895</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;0.99997</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;i</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">...</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">9.47368</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;-0.04889</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;i</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">10.00000</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;-0.54402</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;i</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
-<!--l. 919--><p class="indent"> It was produced from the following source, using <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">gnuplot</span></span></span>:
-<!--l. 920--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-140-" ><colgroup id="TBL-140-1g"><col
-id="TBL-140-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-140-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-140-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">set</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;terminal</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;table</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">set</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;output</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;"../plots/pgfmanual-sine.table"</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">set</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;format</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;"</span><span
-class="cmsltt-10x-x-80">%.5f"</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">set</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;samples</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;20</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">plot</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;[x=0:10]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;sin(x)</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
-<!--l. 928--><p class="indent"> The <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">local options</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>of the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span></span></span> operation are local to each plot and do not affect other plots &#8220;on the same path.&#8221;
-For example, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot[yshift=1cm]</span></span></span> will locally shift the plot 1cm upward. Remember, however, that most
-options can only be applied to paths as a whole. For example, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot[red]</span></span></span> does not have the effect of
-making the plot red. After all, you are trying to &#8220;locally&#8221; make part of the path red, which is not
-possible.
-<!--l. 936--><p class="noindent">
- <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.12.3 </span> <a
- id="x10-1150009.12.3"></a>Plotting a Function</h5>
-<!--l. 939--><p class="noindent">Often, you will want to plot points that are given via a function like <span
-class="cmmi-10">f</span>(<span
-class="cmmi-10">x</span>) = <span
-class="cmmi-10">x</span>sin<span
-class="cmmi-10">x</span>. Unfortunately,
-<span class="TEX">T<span
-class="E">E</span>X</span>&nbsp;does not really have enough computational power to generate the points on such a function
-efficiently (it is a text processing program, after all). However, if you allow it, <span class="TEX">T<span
-class="E">E</span>X</span>&nbsp;can try to call
-external programs that can easily produce the necessary points. Currently, Ti<span
-class="cmti-10">k</span>Z&nbsp;knows how to call
-<span
-class="cmcsc-10"><small
-class="small-caps">G</small><small
-class="small-caps">N</small><small
-class="small-caps">U</small><small
-class="small-caps">P</small><small
-class="small-caps">L</small><small
-class="small-caps">O</small><small
-class="small-caps">T</small></span>.
-<!--l. 947--><p class="indent"> When Ti<span
-class="cmti-10">k</span>Z&nbsp;encounters your operation <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot[id=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">id</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">]</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;function{x*sin(x)}</span></span></span> for the first time, it will create a
-file called <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">prefix</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">id</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.gnuplot</span></span></span>, where <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">prefix</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>is <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\jobname.</span></span></span> by default, that is, the name of you main <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.tex</span></span></span> file. If
-no <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">id</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>is given, it will be empty, which is alright, but it is better when each plot has a unique <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">id</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>for
-reasons explained in a moment. Next, Ti<span
-class="cmti-10">k</span>Z&nbsp;writes some initialization code into this file followed by
-<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;x*sin(x)</span></span></span>. The initialization code sets up things such that the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span></span></span> operation will write the
-coordinates into another file called <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">prefix</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">id</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.table</span></span></span>. Finally, this table file is read as if you had said
-<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;file{</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">prefix</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">id</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.table}</span></span></span>.
-<!--l. 960--><p class="indent"> For the plotting mechanism to work, two conditions must be met:
- <ol type="1" class="enumerate1" >
- <li class="enumerate" value="1"
-><a
- id="x10-115002x1"></a>You must have allowed <span class="TEX">T<span
-class="E">E</span>X</span>&nbsp;to call external programs. This is often switched off by default since this
- is a security risk (you might, without knowing, run a <span class="TEX">T<span
-class="E">E</span>X</span>&nbsp;file that calls all sorts of &#8220;bad&#8221; commands).
- To enable this &#8220;calling external programs&#8221; a command line option must be given to the <span class="TEX">T<span
-class="E">E</span>X</span>&nbsp;program.
- Usually, it is called something like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">shell-escape</span></span></span> or <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">enable-write18</span></span></span>. For example, for my <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">pdflatex</span></span></span>
- the option <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">--shell-escape</span></span></span> can be given.
- </li>
- <li class="enumerate" value="2"
-><a
- id="x10-115004x2"></a>You must have installed the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">gnuplot</span></span></span> program and <span class="TEX">T<span
-class="E">E</span>X</span>&nbsp;must find it when compiling your file.</li></ol>
-<!--l. 976--><p class="indent"> Unfortunately, these conditions will not always be met. Especially if you pass some source to a
-coauthor and the coauthor does not have <span
-class="cmcsc-10"><small
-class="small-caps">G</small><small
-class="small-caps">N</small><small
-class="small-caps">U</small><small
-class="small-caps">P</small><small
-class="small-caps">L</small><small
-class="small-caps">O</small><small
-class="small-caps">T</small> </span>installed, he or she will have trouble compiling your
-files.
-<!--l. 981--><p class="indent"> For this reason, Ti<span
-class="cmti-10">k</span>Z&nbsp;behaves differently when you compile your graphic for the second time: If upon reaching
-<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot[id=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">id</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">]</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;function{...}</span></span></span> the file <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">prefix</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">id</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.table</span></span></span> already exists <span
-class="cmti-10">and </span>if the <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">prefix</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">id</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.gnuplot</span></span></span> file
-contains what Ti<span
-class="cmti-10">k</span>Z&nbsp;thinks that it &#8220;should&#8221; contain, the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.table</span></span></span> file is immediately read without trying to call a
-<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">gnuplot</span></span></span> program. This approach has the following advantages:
- <ol type="1" class="enumerate1" >
- <li class="enumerate" value="1"
-><a
- id="x10-115006x1"></a>If you pass a bundle of your <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.tex</span></span></span> file and all <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.gnuplot</span></span></span> and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.table</span></span></span> files to someone else, that person
- can <span class="TEX">T<span
-class="E">E</span>X</span>&nbsp;the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.tex</span></span></span> file without having to have <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">gnuplot</span></span></span> installed.
-
-
- </li>
- <li class="enumerate" value="2"
-><a
- id="x10-115008x2"></a>If the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\write18</span></span></span> feature is switched off for security reasons (a good idea), then, upon the first compilation
- of the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.tex</span></span></span> file, the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.gnuplot</span></span></span> will still be generated, but not the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.table</span></span></span> file. You can then simply call
- <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">gnuplot</span></span></span> &#8220;by hand&#8221; for each <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.gnuplot</span></span></span> file, which will produce all necessary <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.table</span></span></span> files.
- </li>
- <li class="enumerate" value="3"
-><a
- id="x10-115010x3"></a>If you change the function that you wish to plot or its domain, Ti<span
-class="cmti-10">k</span>Z&nbsp;will automatically try to regenerate
- the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.table</span></span></span> file.
- </li>
- <li class="enumerate" value="4"
-><a
- id="x10-115012x4"></a>If, out of laziness, you do not provide an <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">id</span></span></span>, the same <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.gnuplot</span></span></span> will be used for different plots, but this
- is not a problem since the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">.table</span></span></span> will automatically be regenerated for each plot on-the-fly. <span
-class="cmti-10">Note: If</span>
- <span
-class="cmti-10">you intend to share your files with someone else, always use an id, so that the file can by typeset without</span>
- <span
-class="cmti-10">having </span><span
-class="cmcsc-10"><small
-class="small-caps">G</small><small
-class="small-caps">N</small><small
-class="small-caps">U</small><small
-class="small-caps">P</small><small
-class="small-caps">L</small><small
-class="small-caps">O</small><small
-class="small-caps">T</small> </span><span
-class="cmti-10">installed. </span>Also, having unique ids for each plot will improve compilation speed since
- no external programs need to be called, unless it is really necessary.</li></ol>
-<!--l. 1014--><p class="indent"> When you use <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;function{</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">gnuplot formula</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">}</span></span></span>, the <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">gnuplot formula</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>must be given in the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">gnuplot</span></span></span> syntax,
-whose details are beyond the scope of this manual. Here is the ultra-condensed essence: Use <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">x</span></span></span> as the
-variable and use the C-syntax for normal plots, use <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">t</span></span></span> as the variable for parametric plots. Here are some
-examples:
-<!--l. 1020--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-144.svg" width="249.52242 " height="228.61324 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-141-" ><colgroup id="TBL-141-1g"><col
-id="TBL-141-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-141-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-141-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[domain=0:4]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[very</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;thin,color=gray]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(-0.1,-1.1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;grid</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3.9,3.9);</span>
-<br>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[-&gt;]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(-0.2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(4.2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node[right]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{$x$};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[-&gt;]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,-1.2)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,4.2)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node[above]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{$f(x)$};</span>
-<br>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[color=red]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[id=x]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;function{x}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node[right]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{$f(x)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;=x$};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[color=blue]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[id=sin]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;function{sin(x)}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node[right]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{$f(x)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;=</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\sin</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;x$};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[color=orange]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[id=exp]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;function{0.05*exp(x)}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;node[right]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{$f(x)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;=</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\frac{1}{20}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\mathrm</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;e^x$};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
-<!--l. 1034--><p class="indent"> The following options influence the plot:
- <ul class="itemize1">
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">samples</span><a
- id="dx10-115013"></a><a
- id="dx10-115014"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">number</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>sets the number of samples used in the plot. The default is 25.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">domain</span><a
- id="dx10-115015"></a><a
- id="dx10-115016"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">start</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">:</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">end</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>sets the domain between which the samples are taken. The default is <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">-5:5</span></span></span>.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">parametric</span><a
- id="dx10-115017"></a><a
- id="dx10-115018"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">true or false</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span> sets whether the plot is a parametric plot. If true, then <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">t</span></span></span> must be used instead of
- <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">x</span></span></span> as the parameter and two comma-separated functions must be given in the <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">gnuplot formula</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt;</span>. An example is
- the following:
- <!--l. 1047--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular">
-<table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-142-" ><colgroup id="TBL-142-1g"><col
-id="TBL-142-1"><col
-id="TBL-142-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-142-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-142-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-145.svg" width="36.21193 " height="120.69318 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-142-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[scale=0.5,domain=-3.141:3.141,smooth]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[parametric,id=parametric-example]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;function{t*sin(t),t*cos(t)};</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table>
-
-
- </div>
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">id</span><a
- id="dx10-115019"></a><a
- id="dx10-115020"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">id</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>sets the identifier of the current plot. This should be a unique identifier for each plot (though things
- will also work if it is not, but not as well, see the explanations above). The <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">id</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>will be part of a filename, so it
- should not contain anything fancy like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">*</span></span></span> or <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">$</span></span></span>.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">prefix</span><a
- id="dx10-115021"></a><a
- id="dx10-115022"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">prefix</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>is put before each plot file name. The default is <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\jobname.</span></span></span>, but if you have many plots, it
- might be better to use, say <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plots/</span></span></span> and have all plots placed in a directory. You have to create the directory
- yourself.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">raw gnuplot</span><a
- id="dx10-115023"></a><a
- id="dx10-115024"></a> causes the <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">gnuplot formula</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>to be passed on to <span
-class="cmcsc-10"><small
-class="small-caps">G</small><small
-class="small-caps">N</small><small
-class="small-caps">U</small><small
-class="small-caps">P</small><small
-class="small-caps">L</small><small
-class="small-caps">O</small><small
-class="small-caps">T</small> </span>without setting up the samples or the
- <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span></span></span> operation. Thus, you could write
- <!--l. 1067--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-143-" ><colgroup id="TBL-143-1g"><col
-id="TBL-143-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-143-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-143-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">plot[raw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;gnuplot,id=raw-example]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;function{set</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;samples</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;25;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;sin(x)}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table>
- </div>
- <!--l. 1070--><p class="noindent">This can be useful for complicated things that need to be passed to <span
-class="cmcsc-10"><small
-class="small-caps">G</small><small
-class="small-caps">N</small><small
-class="small-caps">U</small><small
-class="small-caps">P</small><small
-class="small-caps">L</small><small
-class="small-caps">O</small><small
-class="small-caps">T</small></span>. However, for really complicated
- situations you should create a special external generating <span
-class="cmcsc-10"><small
-class="small-caps">G</small><small
-class="small-caps">N</small><small
-class="small-caps">U</small><small
-class="small-caps">P</small><small
-class="small-caps">L</small><small
-class="small-caps">O</small><small
-class="small-caps">T</small> </span>file and use the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">file</span></span></span>-syntax to include the
- table &#8220;by hand.&#8221;</li></ul>
-<!--l. 1077--><p class="indent"> The following styles influence the plot:
- <ul class="itemize1">
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">style=</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">every plot</span><a
- id="dx10-115025"></a><a
- id="dx10-115026"></a> This style is installed in each plot, that is, as if you always said
- <!--l. 1081--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-144-" ><colgroup id="TBL-144-1g"><col
-id="TBL-144-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-144-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-144-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[style=every</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot,...]</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table>
- </div>
- <!--l. 1084--><p class="noindent">This is most useful for globally setting a prefix for all plots by saying:
- <!--l. 1085--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-145-" ><colgroup id="TBL-145-1g"><col
-id="TBL-145-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-145-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-145-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikzstyle{every</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot}=[prefix=plots/]</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table>
- </div>
- </li></ul>
-<!--l. 1092--><p class="noindent">
- <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.12.4 </span> <a
- id="x10-1160009.12.4"></a>Placing Marks on the Plot</h5>
-<!--l. 1094--><p class="noindent">As we saw already, it is possible to add <span
-class="cmti-10">marks </span>to a plot using the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">mark</span></span></span> option. When this option is used, a copy of
-the plot mark is placed on each point of the plot. Note that the marks are placed <span
-class="cmti-10">after </span>the whole path has been
-drawn/filled/shaded. In this respect, they are handled like text nodes.
-<!--l. 1100--><p class="indent"> In detail, the following options govern how marks are drawn:
- <ul class="itemize1">
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">mark</span><a
- id="dx10-116001"></a><a
- id="dx10-116002"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">mark mnemonic</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>Sets the mark to a mnemonic that has previously been defined using the
- <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">\pgfdeclareplotmark</span></span></span>. By default, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">*</span></span></span>, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">+</span></span></span>, and <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">x</span></span></span> are available, which draw a filled circle, a plus, and a
- cross as marks. Many more marks become available when the library <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">pgflibraryplotmarks</span></span></span> is loaded.
- Section&nbsp;<a
-href="pgfmanualse14.html#x15-17100014.3.3">14.3.3<!--tex4ht:ref: section-plot-marks --></a> lists the available plot marks.
- <!--l. 1110--><p class="noindent">One plot mark is special: the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">ball</span></span></span> plot mark is available only it Ti<span
-class="cmti-10">k</span>Z. The <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">ball</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;color</span></span></span> determines the
- balls&#8217;s color. Do not use this option with large number of marks since it will take very long to render
- in PostScript.
- <div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-146-" ><colgroup id="TBL-146-1g"><col
-id="TBL-146-1"><col
-id="TBL-146-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-146-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-146-1-1"
-class="td11"> Option </td><td align="center" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-146-1-2"
-class="td11"> Effect </td>
-</tr><tr
-class="hline"><td><hr></td><td><hr></td></tr><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-146-2-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-146-2-1"
-class="td11"> <a
- id="dx10-116003"></a><a
- id="dx10-116004"></a> <span
-class="cmtt-10">mark=</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">ball</span> </td><td align="center" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;" id="TBL-146-2-2"
-class="td11"> <object data="pgfmanual-146.svg" width="63.23857 " height="13.92056 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object> </td>
-</tr><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-146-3-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-146-3-1"
-class="td11"> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
-
-
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">mark size</span><a
- id="dx10-116005"></a><a
- id="dx10-116006"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>Sets the size of the plot marks. For circular plot marks, <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>is the radius, for
- other plot marks <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">dimension</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>should be about half the width and height.
- <!--l. 1125--><p class="noindent">This option is not really necessary, since you achieve the same effect by specifying <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">scale=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">factor</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>as a local
- option, where <span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">factor</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>is the quotient of the desired size and the default size. However, using <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">mark</span><span
-class="cmtt-10">&nbsp;size</span></span></span> is a
- bit faster and more natural.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">mark options</span><a
- id="dx10-116007"></a><a
- id="dx10-116008"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">options</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>These options are applied to marks when they are drawn. For example, you can scale
- (or otherwise transform) the plot mark or set its color.
- <!--l. 1134--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-147.svg" width="384.98726 " height="80.86092 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-147-" ><colgroup id="TBL-147-1g"><col
-id="TBL-147-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-147-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-147-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\fill[fill=blue!20]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[mark=triangle*,mark</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;options={color=blue,rotate=180}]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;file{plots/pgfmanual-sine.table}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;|-</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0);</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table>
- </div>
- </li></ul>
-<!--l. 1143--><p class="noindent">
- <h5 class="subsubsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.12.5 </span> <a
- id="x10-1170009.12.5"></a>Smooth Plots, Sharp Plots, and Comb Plots</h5>
-<!--l. 1145--><p class="noindent">There are different things the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span></span></span> operation can do with the points it reads from a file or from the inlined list of
-points. By default, it will connect these points by straight lines. However, you can also use options to change the
-behavior of <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span></span></span>.
- <ul class="itemize1">
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">sharp plot</span><a
- id="dx10-117001"></a><a
- id="dx10-117002"></a> This is the default and causes the points to be connected by straight lines. This option is
- included only so that you can &#8220;switch back&#8221; if you &#8220;globally&#8221; install, say, <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">smooth</span></span></span>.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">smooth</span><a
- id="dx10-117003"></a><a
- id="dx10-117004"></a> This option causes the points on the path to be connected using a smooth curve:
- <!--l. 1160--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-148.svg" width="380.90178 " height="77.70891 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-148-" ><colgroup id="TBL-148-1g"><col
-id="TBL-148-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-148-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-148-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[smooth]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;file{plots/pgfmanual-sine.table};</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table>
- </div>
- <!--l. 1164--><p class="noindent">Note that the smoothing algorithm is not very intelligent. You will get the best results if the bending angles
- are small, that is, less than about 30<sup ><span
-class="cmsy-7"><span class="htf-cmbx">o</span></span></sup> and, even more importantly, if the distances between points are about
- the same all over the plotting path.
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">tension</span><a
- id="dx10-117005"></a><a
- id="dx10-117006"></a><span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">=</span></span></span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&lt;</span><span
-class="cmti-10">value</span><span
-class="cmsy-10">&gt; </span>This option influences how &#8220;tight&#8221; the smoothing is. A lower value will result in sharper
- corners, a higher value in more &#8220;round&#8221; curves. A value of 1 results in a circle if four points at
- quarter-positions on a circle are given. The default is 0<span
-class="cmmi-10">.</span>55. The &#8220;correct&#8221; value depends on the details of
- plot.
-
-
- <!--l. 1176--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular">
-<table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-149-" ><colgroup id="TBL-149-1g"><col
-id="TBL-149-1"><col
-id="TBL-149-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-149-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-149-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-149.svg" width="77.40701 " height="248.1229 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-149-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[smooth</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;cycle]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[tension=0.2]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;coordinates{(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,-1)};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[yshift=-2.25cm]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[tension=0.5]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;coordinates{(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,-1)};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[yshift=-4.5cm]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[tension=1]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;coordinates{(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,-1)};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">smooth cycle</span><a
- id="dx10-117007"></a><a
- id="dx10-117008"></a> This option causes the points on the path to be connected using a closed smooth
- curve.
- <!--l. 1191--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-150-" ><colgroup id="TBL-150-1g"><col
-id="TBL-150-1"><col
-id="TBL-150-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-150-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-150-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-150.svg" width="39.47017 " height="47.36565 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-150-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz[scale=0.5]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[smooth</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;cycle]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;coordinates{(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,2)}</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;coordinates{(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,2)}</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;--</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;cycle;</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">ycomb</span><a
- id="dx10-117009"></a><a
- id="dx10-117010"></a> This option causes the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">plot</span></span></span> operation to interpret the plotting points differently. Instead of connecting
- them, for each point of the plot a straight line is added to the path from the <span
-class="cmmi-10">x</span>-axis to the point, resulting in a
- sort of &#8220;comb&#8221; or &#8220;bar diagram.&#8221;
- <!--l. 1203--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><object data="pgfmanual-151.svg" width="385.70177 " height="82.19424 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-151-" ><colgroup id="TBL-151-1g"><col
-id="TBL-151-1"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-151-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-151-1-1"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz\draw[ultra</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;thick]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[ycomb,thin,mark=*]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;file{plots/pgfmanual-sine.table};</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table>
- </div>
- <!--l. 1207--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-152-" ><colgroup id="TBL-152-1g"><col
-id="TBL-152-1"><col
-id="TBL-152-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-152-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-152-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-152.svg" width="87.54031 " height="56.98465 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-152-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\begin{tikzpicture}[ycomb]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[color=red,line</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;width=6pt]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;coordinates{(0,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(.5,1.2)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,.6)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1.5,.7)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,.9)};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw[color=red!50,line</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;width=4pt,xshift=3pt]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;coordinates{(0,1.2)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(.5,1.3)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,.5)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1.5,.2)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,.5)};</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\end{tikzpicture}</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">xcomb</span><a
- id="dx10-117011"></a><a
- id="dx10-117012"></a> This option works like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">ycomb</span></span></span> except that the bars are horizontal.
-
-
- <!--l. 1219--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular"><table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-153-" ><colgroup id="TBL-153-1g"><col
-id="TBL-153-1"><col
-id="TBL-153-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-153-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-153-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-153.svg" width="41.08911 " height="42.70807 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-153-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[xcomb,mark=x]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;coordinates{(1,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0.8,0.2)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0.6,0.4)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0.2,1)};</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">polar comb</span><a
- id="dx10-117013"></a><a
- id="dx10-117014"></a> This option causes a line from the origin to the point to be added to the path for each plot
- point.
- <!--l. 1227--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular">
-<table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-154-" ><colgroup id="TBL-154-1g"><col
-id="TBL-154-1"><col
-id="TBL-154-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-154-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-154-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-154.svg" width="86.37679 " height="110.399 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-154-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[polar</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;comb,</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;mark=pentagon*,mark</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;options={fill=white,draw=red},mark</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;size=4pt]</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;coordinates</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;{(0:1cm)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(30:1.5cm)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(160:.5cm)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(250:2cm)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(-60:.8cm)};</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li>
- <li class="itemize"><span
-class="cmtt-10">only marks</span><a
- id="dx10-117015"></a><a
- id="dx10-117016"></a> This option causes only marks to be shown; no path segments are added to the actual path. This
- can be useful for quickly adding some marks to a path.
- <!--l. 1239--><p class="noindent"><div class="obeylines-v"></div><!--tex4ht:inline--><div class="tabular">
-<table class="tabular"
-cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
-frame="void" id="TBL-155-" ><colgroup id="TBL-155-1g"><col
-id="TBL-155-1"><col
-id="TBL-155-2"></colgroup><tr
- valign="baseline" id="TBL-155-1-"><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-155-1-1"
-class="td11"> &nbsp;<object data="pgfmanual-155.svg" width="118.58176 " height="80.64491 " type="image/svg+xml"><p>SVG-Viewer needed.</p></object>&nbsp; </td><td align="left" style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:left;" id="TBL-155-1-2"
-class="td11"> <table class="minipage"><tr><td><div class="obeylines-v">
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">\tikz</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;\draw</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;sin</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;cos</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span>
-<br><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;plot[only</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;marks,mark=x]</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;coordinates{(0,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(1,1)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(2,0)</span><span
-class="cmtt-8">&nbsp;(3,-1)};</span></div> </td></tr></table> </td>
-</tr></table></div>
- </li></ul>
-<!--l. 1249--><p class="noindent">
- <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.13 </span> <a
- id="x10-1180009.13"></a>The Scoping Operation</h4>
-<!--l. 1251--><p class="noindent">When Ti<span
-class="cmti-10">k</span>Z&nbsp;encounters and opening or a closing brace (<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">{</span></span></span> or&nbsp;<span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">}</span></span></span>) at some point where a path operation should come,
-it will open or close a scope. All options that can be applied &#8220;locally&#8221; will be scoped inside the scope. For example,
-if you apply a transformation like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">[xshift=1cm]</span></span></span> inside the scoped area, the shifting only applies to the scope. On
-the other hand, an option like <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">color=red</span></span></span> does not have any effect inside a scope since it can only be applied to the
-path as a whole.
-<!--l. 1261--><p class="noindent">
- <h4 class="subsectionHead"><span class="titlemark">9.14 </span> <a
- id="x10-1190009.14"></a>The Node Operation</h4>
-<!--l. 1263--><p class="noindent">You can add nodes to a path using the <span class="obeylines-h"><span class="verb"><span
-class="cmtt-10">node</span></span></span> operation. Since this operation is quite complex and since
-the nodes are not really part of the path itself, there is a separate section dealing with nodes, see
-Section&nbsp;<a
-href="pgfmanualse11.html#x12-13600011">11<!--tex4ht:ref: section-nodes --></a>.
-
-
-
-
-
-
- <div class="crosslinks"><p class="noindent">[<a
-href="pgfmanualse10.html" >next</a>] [<a
-href="pgfmanualse8.html" >prev</a>] [<a
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-href="pgfmanualse9.html" >front</a>] [<a
-href="pgfmanual.html#pgfmanualse9.html" >up</a>] </p></div>
-<!--l. 8--><p class="indent"> <a
- id="tailpgfmanualse9.html"></a>
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