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diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/FAQ-en/faq-fonts.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/FAQ-en/faq-fonts.tex deleted file mode 100644 index c60bce4f54a..00000000000 --- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/FAQ-en/faq-fonts.tex +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1316 +0,0 @@ -% $Id: faq-fonts.tex,v 1.21 2014/01/22 17:29:03 rf10 Exp $ - -\section{Fonts} - -\subsection{Adobe Type~1 (``\PS{}'') fonts} - -\Question[Q-usepsfont]{Using Adobe Type 1 fonts with \protect\TeX{}} - -In order to use any font, \TeX{} needs a -\emph{metric} file (\acro{TFM} file). Several sets of metrics for -common Adobe Type 1 fonts are -available from the archives; for mechanisms for generating new ones, -see \Qref[question]{metrics for \PS{} fonts}{Q-metrics}. You -also need the fonts themselves; \PS{} printers come with a set of -fonts built in, but to extend your repertoire you usually -need to buy from one of the many commercial font vendors (see, for -example, \Qref[question]{``choice of fonts''}{Q-psfchoice}). - -If you use \LaTeXe{}, access to your printer's fonts is offered by the -\acro{PSNFSS} package; the \LaTeX{}3 project team declare that -\acro{PSNFSS} is a ``required'' part of a \latex{} distribution, and -bug reports may be submitted via the % ! line break -\Qref*{\LaTeX{} bugs system}{Q-latexbug}. -\acro{PSNFSS} gives you a set of packages for changing the default -roman, sans-serif and typewriter fonts; \emph{e.g}., the -\Package{mathptmx} package will set up \FontName{Times} -\FontName{Roman} as the main text font (and introduces mechanisms to -typeset mathematics using \FontName{Times} and various more-or-less -matching fonts), while package \Package{avant} changes the sans-serif -family to \FontName{AvantGarde}, and \Package{courier} changes the -typewriter font to \FontName{Courier}. To go with these -packages, you need the font metric files -and font description (\File{.fd}) files for each font family you -want to use. For convenience, -metrics for the `common 35' \PS{} fonts found in most \PS{} printers -are provided with \acro{PSNFSS}, packaged as the ``Laserwriter set''. - -For older versions of \LaTeX{} there are various schemes, of which the -simplest to use is probably the \acro{PS}\LaTeX{} macros distributed with -\ProgName{dvips}. - -For \plaintex{}, you load whatever fonts you like; if the encoding of -the fonts is not the same as Computer Modern it will be up to you to -redefine various macros and accents, or you can use the font -re-encoding mechanisms available in many drivers and in -\ProgName{ps2pk} and \ProgName{afm2tfm}. - -Some common problems encountered are discussed elsewhere -(see \Qref[question]{problems with \acro{PS} fonts}{Q-psfontprob}). -\begin{ctanrefs} -\item[Metrics for the `Laserwriter' set of 35 fonts]\CTANref{lw35nfss-zip} -\item[psnfss]\CTANref{psnfss} -\end{ctanrefs} - -\Question[Q-PSpreview]{Previewing files using Type 1 fonts} - -Originally, free \TeX{} previewers were only capable of displaying -bitmap (\acro{PK}) fonts, but free Type~1 font rendering software has -been available for some time, and many previewers now use such -facilities. - -The alternative, for previewers, is automatic generation of the -requisite \acro{PK} files (using \ProgName{gsftopk}, or similar, -behind the scenes). - -In the unlikely event that your previewer isn't capable of either, you -have a couple options: -\begin{itemize} -\item Convert the \acro{DVI} file to \PS{} and use a - \PS{} previewer. Some systems offer this capability as - standard, but most people will need to use a separate previewer such - as \href{http://www.ghostscript.com/}{\ProgName{ghostscript}} or - \ProgName{ghostscript}-based viewers - such as (free) \ProgName{gv} or (shareware) - \href{http://www.ghostgum.com.au/}{\ProgName{gsview}}. -% \item Under Windows on a \acro{PC}, or on a Macintosh, let Adobe Type Manager -% display the fonts (textures, on the Macintosh, works like this). -% %% , and under -% %% Windows you can use \YandY{}'s \ProgName{dviwindo} for bitmap-free -% %% previewing. -% \begin{narrowversion} % really hyper -% (See \Qref[question]{}{Q-commercial} for details of these -% suppliers.) -% \end{narrowversion} -% %\typeout{after narrowversion, before wideversion} -% \begin{wideversion} -% (See \Qref{commercial suppliers}{Q-commercial} for details.) -% \end{wideversion} -% %\typeout{after wideversion} -\item If you have the \PS{} fonts in Type~1 format, use - \ProgName{ps2pk} or \ProgName{gsftopk} (designed for use with the - \href{http://www.ghostscript.com/}{\ProgName{ghostscript}} fonts) to - make \acro{PK} bitmap fonts which - your previewer will understand (a process similar to the way some - browsers fo the job `automatically') This can produce adequate results, - also suitable for printing with non-\PS{} devices. (Note: if you - purchased the fonts, it is advisable to check that their licence - permits you to convert them, for private use, in this way.) -\end{itemize} -\begin{ctanrefs} -\item[gsftopk]\CTANref{gsftopk} -\item[gv]Browse \CTANref{gv} -\item[ps2pk]\CTANref{ps2pk} -\end{ctanrefs} - -\Question[Q-metrics]{\TeX{} font metric files for Type 1 fonts} - -Reputable font vendors such as Adobe supply metric files for each -font, in \acro{AFM} (Adobe Font Metric) form; these can be converted -to \acro{TFM} (\TeX{} Font Metric) form. Most modern distributions have -prebuilt metrics which will be more than enough for many people; but you may -need to do the conversion yourself if you have special needs or -acquire a new font. One important question is the \emph{encoding} of -(Latin character) fonts; while we all more or less agree about the -position of about 96 characters in fonts (the basic \acro{ASCII} set), the -rest of the (typically) 256 vary. The most obvious problems are with -floating accents and special characters such as the `pounds sterling' -sign. There are three ways of dealing with this: either you change the -\TeX{} macros which reference the characters (not much fun, and -error-prone); or you change the encoding of the font (easier than you -might think); or you use \Qref*{virtual fonts}{Q-virtualfonts} to -\emph{pretend} to \TeX{} that the encoding is the same as it is used to. -\LaTeXe{} has facilities for dealing with fonts in different -encodings; read the \Qref*{\emph{\LaTeX{} Companion}}{Q-latex-books} for -more details. In practice, if you do much non-English (but Latin -script) typesetting, you are strongly recommended to use the -\Package{fontenc} package with option `\pkgoption{T1}' to select -\Qref*{`Cork'}{Q-ECfonts} encoding. - -An alternative favoured by some is \YandY{}'s ``private'' \acro{LY}1 encoding, -which is designed to sit well with ``Adobe standard'' encoded fonts. -Basic macro support of \acro{LY}1 is available: note that the -``relation with Adobe's encoding'' means that the \acro{LY}1 user -needs no virtual fonts. - -Alan Jeffrey's \ProgName{fontinst} package is an \acro{AFM} to -\acro{TFM} converter written in \TeX{}; it is used to generate the -files used by \LaTeXe{}'s \acro{PSNFSS} package to support use of -\PS{} fonts. It is a sophisticated package, not for the faint-hearted, -but is powerful enough to cope with most needs. Much of its power -relies on the use of \Qref*{virtual fonts}{Q-virtualfonts}. - -For slightly simpler problems, Rokicki's \ProgName{afm2tfm}, -distributed with \ProgName{dvips}, is fast and -efficient; note that the metrics and styles that come with -\ProgName{dvips} are \emph{not} currently \LaTeXe{} compatible. - -For the Macintosh (classic), there is a program called -\ProgName{EdMetrics} which does the job (and more). -\ProgName{EdMetrics} comes with the (commercial) -\Qref*{Textures}{Q-commercial} distribution, but is itself free -software, and is available on \acro{CTAN}. -%% \par -%% Windows users can buy \Qref*{\YandY{}'s}{Q-commercial} -%% Font Manipulation Tools package which includes a powerful -%% \ProgName{afmtotfm} program among many other goodies. -\begin{ctanrefs} -\item[dvips]\CTANref{dvips} -\item[EdMetrics]\CTANref{edmetrics} -\item[fontinst]\CTANref{fontinst} -\item[LY1 support]\CTANref{ly1} -\end{ctanrefs} -\LastEdit{2011-06-01} - -\Question[Q-psfontprob]{Deploying Type 1 fonts} - -For the \LaTeX{} user trying to use the -\Qref*{\acro{PSNFSS}}{Q-usepsfont} package, three questions may arise. - -First, you have to declare to the \acro{DVI} driver that you are using -\PS{} fonts; in the case of \ProgName{dvips}, this means adding -lines to the \File{psfonts.map} file, so that \ProgName{dvips} will know -where the proper fonts are, and won't try to find \acro{PK} -files. If the font isn't built into the printer, you have to acquire -it (which may mean that you need to purchase the font files). - -Second, your previewer must know what to do with the fonts: see -\Qref[question]{previewing type 1 fonts}{Q-PSpreview}. - -Third, the stretch and shrink between words is a function of the -font metric; it is not specified in \acro{AFM} files, so different converters -choose different values. The \PS{} metrics that come with \acro{PSNFSS} -used to produce quite tight setting, but they were revised in mid 1995 -to produce a compromise between American and European practice. -Sophisticated users may not find even the new the values to their taste, and -want to override them. Even the casual user may find more -hyphenation or overfull boxes than Computer Modern produces; but \acro{CM} -is extremely generous. - -\Question[Q-psfchoice]{Choice of Type~1 fonts for typesetting Maths} - -If you are interested in text alone, you can in principle use any of -the huge numbers of text fonts in Adobe Type~1, TrueType or OpenType -formats. The constraint is, of course, that your previewer and -printer driver should support such fonts (\TeX{} itself \emph{only} -cares about metrics, not the actual character programs). - -If you also need mathematics, then your choice is more limited, in -particular by the -demands that \TeX{} makes of maths fonts (for details, see the papers -by -\begin{wideversion} -% !! line break !! - \href{http://tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb14-3/tb40horn.pdf}{B.K.P. Horn in \TUGboat{} 14(3)}, - or by % ! line break - \href{http://tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb19-2/tb59bouc.pdf}{Thierry Bouche in \TUGboat{} 19(2)}). -\end{wideversion} -\begin{narrowversion} - B.K.P. Horn in \TUGboat{} 14(3) or by Thierry Bouche in \TUGboat{} - 19(2), available as - \URL{http://tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb14-3/tb40horn.pdf} or - \URL{http://tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb19-2/tb59bouc.pdf}, respectively). -\end{narrowversion} -There are several options available, which are -based on Knuth's original designs. Others complement other -commercial and free text font designs; one set (MicroPress's `informal math') -stands alone. - -Users should also consider the possibilities of typesetting -\Qref*{maths using OpenType fonts}{Q-otf-maths}. - -``Free'' font families that will support \TeX{} mathematics include: -\begin{booklist} -\item[Computer Modern](75 fonts~--- optical scaling) Donald E. Knuth\\ - The \acro{CM} fonts were originally designed in \MF{}, but are also - now available in scalable outline form. There are commercial as - well as public domain versions, and there are both Adobe Type~1 and - TrueType versions. A set of outline versions of the fonts was - developed as a commercial venture by \YandY{} and Blue Sky Research; - they have since assigned the copyright to the \acro{AMS}, and the - fonts are now freely available from \acro{CTAN}. Their quality is - such that they have become the \emph{de facto} standard for Type~1 - versions of the fonts. - -\item[\acro{AMS} fonts](52 fonts, optical scaling) The \acro{AMS}\\ - This set of fonts offers adjuncts to the \acro{CM} set, including - two sets of symbol fonts (\FontName{msam} and \FontName{msbm}) and - Euler text fonts. - These are not a self-standing family, but merit discussion here (not - least because several other families mimic the symbol fonts). - Freely-available Type~1 versions of the fonts are available on - \acro{CTAN}. The \Package{eulervm} package permits use - of the Euler maths alphabet in conjunction with text fonts that do - not provide maths alphabets of their own (for instance, Adobe - Palatino or Minion). - -\item[Mathpazo version 1.003](5 fonts) Diego Puga\\ - The Pazo Math fonts are a family of type~1 fonts suitable for - typesetting maths in combination with the Palatino family of text - fonts. Four of the five fonts of the distribution are maths - alphabets, in upright and italic shapes, medium and bold weights; - the fifth font contains a small selection of ``blackboard bold'' - characters (chosen for their mathematical significance). Support - under \LaTeXe{} is available in - \Qref*{\acro{PSNFSS}}{Q-usepsfont}; the fonts are - licensed under the \acro{GPL}, with legalese permitting the use of - the fonts in published documents. - -\item[Fourier/Utopia](15 fonts) Michel Bovani\\ - \FontName{Fourier} is a family built on Adobe \FontName{Utopia} - (which has been released for usage free of charge by Adobe). The - fonts provide the basic Computer Modern set of mathematical symbols, - and add many of the \acro{AMS} mathematical symbols (though you are - expected to use some from the \acro{AMS} fonts themselves). There - are also several other mathematical and decorative symbols. The - fonts come with a \Package{fourier} package for use with \LaTeX{}; - text support of \acro{OT}1 encoding is not provided~--- you are - expected to use \acro{T}1. - - For a sample, see \url{http://www.tug.dk/FontCatalogue/utopia/} - -\item[Fourier/New Century Schoolbook]Michael Zedler\\ - \FontName{Fouriernc} is a configuration using the Fourier fonts in - the context of New Century Schoolbook text fonts. - - For a sample, see \url{http://www.tug.dk/FontCatalogue/newcent/} - -\item[KP-fonts]The Johannes Kepler project\\ - The \FontName{kp-fonts} family provides a comprehensive set of text - and maths fonts. The set includes replacement fixed-width and sans - fonts (though some reports have suggested that these are less - successful, and their use may be suppressed when loading the fonts' - \Package{kpfonts} \LaTeX{} support package). - - For an example, see \url{http://www.tug.dk/FontCatalogue/kpserif/} - -\item[MathDesign](3 free families, 3 commercial-based - families\dots{}so far) Paul Pichaureau\\ - This set so far offers mathematics fonts to match the free fonts - Adobe Utopia, URW Garamond and Bitstream Charter (the text versions - of all of which are separately available, on \acro{CTAN}, in Type~1 - format), and Adobe Garamond Pro, Adobe UtopiaStd and ITC Charter - (which are commercial fonts, all available for purchase on the web). - There has been a little comment on these fonts, but none - from actual users posted to the public forums. Users, particularly - those who are willing to discuss their experiences, would obviously - be welcome. Browse the \acro{CTAN} directory and see which you - want: there is a wealth of documentation and examples. - - For samples of the free variants, see - \url{http://www.tug.dk/FontCatalogue/charter/} for URW Charter, - \url{http://www.tug.dk/FontCatalogue/garamond/} for URW Garamond and - \url{http://www.tug.dk/FontCatalogue/utopia-md/} for Adobe Utopia. - -\item[Belleek](3 fonts) Richard Kinch\\ - Belleek is the upshot of Kinch's thoughts on how \MF{} might be used - in the future: they were published simultaneously as \MF{} source, - as Type~1 fonts, and as TrueType fonts. The fonts act as ``drop-in'' - replacements for the basic MathTime set (as an example of ``what might - be done''). - - The paper outlining Kinch's thoughts, proceeding from considerations - of the `intellectual' superiority of \MF{} to evaluations of why its - adoption is so limited and what might be done about the problem, is - to be found at \URL{http://truetex.com/belleek.pdf} - -\item[MTPro2 Lite]Pubish or Perish (Michael Spivak)\\ - A (functional) subset of the MathTime Pro 2 font set, that is made - available, free, for general use. While it does not offer the full - power of the commercial product (see below), it is nevertheless a - desirable font set. - -\item[Mathptmx]Alan Jeffrey, Walter Schmidt and others.\\ - This set contains maths italic, symbol, extension, and roman virtual - fonts, built from Adobe Times, Symbol, Zapf Chancery, and the - Computer Modern fonts. The resulting mixture is not entirely - acceptable, but can pass in many circumstances. The real advantage - is that the mathptm fonts are (effectively) free, and the resulting - \PS{} files can be freely exchanged. Support under \LaTeXe{} - is available in \Qref*{\acro{PSNFSS}}{Q-usepsfont}. - - For a sample, see \url{http://www.tug.dk/FontCatalogue/times/} - -\item[Computer Modern Bright]Free scalable outline versions of these - fonts do exist; they are covered below together with their - commercial parallels. - -\item[URW Classico](4 fonts) LaTeX support by Bob Tennent\\ - These are clones of Zapf's Optima available from CTAN (for - non-commercial use only). Mathematics support can be provided by - using packages \Package{eulervm} or \Package{sansmath}. As a - sans-serif font family, Optima is especially suitable for - presentations. -\end{booklist} -The excellent \emph{font catalogue} keeps an % ! line break -\href{http://www.tug.dk/FontCatalogue/mathfonts.html}{up-to-date list} -which describes the fonts by giving names and short examples, only. -(At the time of writing~--- June 2008~--- the list has several that -are only scheduled for inclusion here. - -Another useful document is Stephen Hartke's ``Free maths font -survey'', which is available on \acro{CTAN} in both \acro{PDF} and -\acro{HTML} formats. The survey covers most of the fonts mentioned in -the font catalogue, but also mentions some (such as \Package{Belleek} -that the catalogue omits. - -Fonts capable of setting \TeX{} mathematics, that are available -commercially, include: -\begin{booklist} -\item[BA Math](13 fonts) MicroPress Inc.\\ - BA Math is a family of serif fonts, inspired by the elegant - and graphically perfect font design of John Baskerville. BA - Math comprises the fonts necessary for mathematical typesetting - (maths italic, math symbols and extensions) in normal and bold - weights. The family also includes all \acro{OT}1 and \acro{T}1 - encoded text fonts of various shapes, as well as fonts with most - useful glyphs of the \acro{TS}1 encoding. Macros for using the - fonts with \plaintex{}, \LaTeXo{} and current \LaTeX{} are - provided. - - \nothtml{\bgroup\raggedwithindent} - For further details (including samples) see\\ - \URL{http://www.micropress-inc.com/fonts/bamath/bamain.htm} - \nothtml{\par\egroup} -\item[CH Math](15 fonts) MicroPress Inc.\\ - CH Math is a family of slab serif fonts, designed as a maths - companion for Bitstream Charter. (The distribution includes - four free Bitstream text fonts, in addition to the 15 hand-hinted - MicroPress fonts.) - \nothtml{\bgroup\raggedwithindent} - For further details (including samples) see\\ - \URL{http://www.micropress-inc.com/fonts/chmath/chmain.htm} - \nothtml{\par\egroup} - -\item[Computer Modern Bright](62 fonts~--- optical scaling) Walter - Schmidt\\ - \acro{CM} Bright is a family of sans serif fonts, based on Knuth's - \acro{CM} fonts. It comprises the fonts necessary for mathematical - typesetting, including \acro{AMS} symbols, as well as text and text - symbol fonts of various shapes. The collection comes with its own - set of files for use with \LaTeX{}. The \acro{CM} Bright fonts are - supplied in Type~1 format by MicroPress, Inc. The - \Package{hfbright} bundle offers free Type~1 fonts for text using - the \acro{OT}1 encoding~--- the \Package{cm-super} fonts provide the - fonts in \acro{T}1 text encoding but don't support \acro{CM} bright - mathematics. - - \nothtml{\bgroup\raggedwithindent} - For further details of Micropress' offering (including samples) see\\ - \URL{http://www.micropress-inc.com/fonts/brmath/brmain.htm} - \nothtml{\par\egroup} - -\item[Concrete Math](25 fonts~--- optical scaling) Ulrik Vieth\\ - The Concrete Math font set was derived from the Concrete Roman - typefaces designed by Knuth. The set provides a collection of math - italics, math symbol, and math extension fonts, and fonts of - \acro{AMS} symbols that fit with the Concrete set, so that Concrete - may be used as a complete replacement for Computer Modern. Since - Concrete is considerably darker than \acro{CM}, the family may - particularly attractive for use in low-resolution printing or in - applications such as posters or transparencies. Concrete Math - fonts, as well as Concrete Roman fonts, are supplied in Type 1 - format by MicroPress, Inc. - - \nothtml{\bgroup\raggedwithindent} - For further information (including samples) see\\ - \URL{http://www.micropress-inc.com/fonts/ccmath/ccmain.htm} - \nothtml{\par\egroup} - -\item[HV Math](14 fonts) MicroPress Inc.\\ - HV Math is a family of sans serif fonts, inspired by the - Helvetica (\acro{TM}) typeface. HV Math comprises the fonts - necessary for mathematical typesetting (maths italic, maths symbols - and extensions) in normal and bold weights. The family also - includes all \acro{OT}1 and \acro{T}1 encoded text fonts of various - shapes, as well as fonts with most useful glyphs of the \acro{TS}1 - encoding. Macros for using the fonts with \plaintex{}, \LaTeXo{} - and current \LaTeX{} are provided. Bitmapped copies of the fonts - are available free, on \acro{CTAN}. - - \nothtml{\bgroup\raggedwithindent} - For further details (and samples) see\\ - \URL{http://www.micropress-inc.com/fonts/hvmath/hvmain.htm} - \nothtml{\par\egroup} - -\item[Informal Math](7 outline fonts) MicroPress Inc.\\ - Informal Math is a family of fanciful fonts loosely based on the - Adobe's Tekton (\acro{TM}) family, fonts which imitate handwritten - text. Informal Math comprises the fonts necessary for - mathematical typesetting (maths italic, maths symbols and extensions) - in normal weight, as well as \acro{OT}1 encoded text fonts in - upright and oblique shapes. Macros for using the fonts with - \plaintex{}, \LaTeXo{} and current \LaTeX{} are provided. - - \nothtml{\bgroup\raggedwithindent} - For further details (including samples) see\\ - \URL{http://www.micropress-inc.com/fonts/ifmath/ifmain.htm} - \nothtml{\par\egroup} - -\item[Lucida Bright \emph{with} Lucida New Math](25 fonts) Chuck Bigelow and - Kris Holmes\\ - Lucida is a family of related fonts including seriffed, sans serif, - sans serif fixed width, calligraphic, blackletter, fax, Kris Holmes' - connected handwriting font, \emph{etc}; they're not as `spindly' as - Computer Modern, with a large x-height, and include a larger set of - maths symbols, operators, relations and delimiters than \acro{CM} - (over 800 instead of 384: among others, it also includes the - \acro{AMS} \FontName{msam} and \FontName{msbm} symbol sets). `Lucida - Bright Expert' - (14 fonts) adds seriffed fixed width, another handwriting font, - smallcaps, bold maths, upright `maths italic', \emph{etc}., to the - set. Support under \LaTeX{} is available under the auspices of the - \acro{PSNFSS}, and pre-built metrics are also provided. - - \nothtml{\bgroup\raggedwithindent} - \acro{TUG} has the right to distribute these fonts; the web site -\begin{narrowversion} - \href{http://tug.org/lucida/}{``Lucida and TUG''} -\end{narrowversion} -\begin{wideversion} - ``\href{http://tug.org/lucida/}{Lucida and TUG}'' -\end{wideversion} - has details. - \nothtml{\par\egroup} - -\item[Adobe Lucida, LucidaSans \emph{and} LucidaMath](12 fonts)\\ - Lucida and LucidaMath are generally considered to be a bit heavy. - The three maths fonts contain only the glyphs in the \acro{CM} maths - italic, symbol, and extension fonts. Support for using LucidaMath - with \TeX{} is not very good; you will need to do some work - reencoding fonts \emph{etc}. (In some sense this set is the - ancestor of the LucidaBright plus LucidaNewMath font set, which are - not currently available.) - -\item[MathTime Pro2]Publish or Perish (Michael Spivak)\\ - This latest instance of the MathTime family covers all the weights - (medium, bold and heavy) and symbols of previous versions of - MathTime. In addition it has a much extended range of symbols, and - many typographic improvements that make for high-quality documents. - The fonts are supported under both \plaintex{} and \LaTeXe{}, and - are exclusively available for purchase from - \Qref*{Personal \TeX{} Inc}{Q-commercial}. - \par{} - \nothtml{\bgroup\raggedwithindent} - For further details and samples and fliers, see - \URL{http://www.pctex.com/mtpro2.html} - \nothtml{\par\egroup} - -\item[Minion Pro and MnSymbol]Adobe, \LaTeX{} support and packaging by - Achim Blumensath \emph{et al}.\\ - \FontName{Minion Pro} derives from the widely-available commercial - OpenType font of the same name by Adobe; scripts are provided to - convert relevant parts of it to Adobe Type~1 format. The - \Package{MinionPro} package will set up text and maths support using - \FontName{Minion Pro}, but a separate (free) font set - \FontName{MnSymbol} greatly extends the symbol coverage. - -\item[PA Math] PA~Math is a family of serif fonts - loosely based on the Palatino (\acro{TM}) typeface. PA~Math - comprises the fonts necessary for mathematical typesetting (maths - italics, maths, calligraphic and oldstyle symbols, and extensions) - in normal and bold weights. The family also includes all \acro{OT}1, - \acro{T}1 encoded text fonts of various shapes, as well as fonts - with the most useful glyphs of the \acro{TS}1 encoding. Macros for - using the fonts with \plaintex{}, \LaTeXo{} and current \LaTeX{} - are provided. - - \nothtml{\bgroup\raggedwithindent} - For further details (and samples) see\\ - \URL{http://www.micropress-inc.com/fonts/pamath/pamain.htm} - \nothtml{\par\egroup} - -\item[TM Math](14 fonts) MicroPress Inc.\\ - TM Math is a family of serif fonts, inspired by the Times - (\acro{TM}) typeface. TM Math comprises the fonts necessary for - mathematical typesetting (maths italic, maths symbols and extensions) - in normal and bold weights. The family also includes all \acro{OT}1 - and \acro{T}1 encoded text fonts of various shapes, as well as fonts - with most useful glyphs of the \acro{TS}1 encoding. Macros for - using the fonts with \plaintex{}, \LaTeXo{} and current \LaTeX{} - are provided. Bitmapped copies of the fonts are available free, on - \acro{CTAN}. - - \nothtml{\bgroup\raggedwithindent} - For further details (and samples) see\\ - \URL{http://www.micropress-inc.com/fonts/tmmath/tmmain.htm} - \nothtml{\par\egroup} -\end{booklist} -Two other font sets should be mentioned, even though they don't -currently produce satisfactory output~--- their author is no longer -working on them, and several problems have been identified: -\begin{booklist} -\item[Pxfonts set version 1.0](26 fonts) by Young Ryu\\ - The \FontName{pxfonts} set consists of - \begin{itemize} - \item virtual text fonts using \FontName{Adobe} \FontName{Palatino} - (or its \acro{URW} replacement, \FontName{Palladio}) - with modified plus, equal and slash symbols; - \item maths alphabets using \FontName{Palatino} (or \FontName{Palladio}; - \item maths fonts of all symbols in the computer modern maths fonts - (\FontName{cmsy}, \FontName{cmmi}, \FontName{cmex} and the Greek - letters of \FontName{cmr}) - \item maths fonts of all symbols corresponding to the \acro{AMS} - fonts (\FontName{msam} and \FontName{msbm}); - \item additional maths fonts of various symbols. - \end{itemize} - The text fonts are available in \acro{OT}1, \acro{T}1 and \acro{LY}1 - encodings, and \acro{TS} encoded symbols are also available. The - sans serif and monospaced fonts supplied with the \FontName{txfonts} - set (see below) may be used with \FontName{pxfonts}; the - \FontName{txfonts} set should be installed whenever \FontName{pxfonts} - are. \LaTeX{}, \ProgName{dvips} and \PDFTeX{} support files are - included. - - The fonts are not perfect; the widths assigned to the characters in - the \extension{tfm} file are wrong for some glyphs; this can cause - sequences of characters to ``look wrong'', or in some cases even to - overlap; the \FontName{newpx} fonts (noted above) aim to reduce - these problems. - - The fonts are licensed under the \acro{GPL}; use in published - documents is permitted. - -\item[Newpx]by Michael Sharpe from Young Ryu's \ProgName{pxfonts}\\ - This collection is derived from \ProgName{pxfonts}; the maths fonts - metrics have been adjusted so that the output is less cramped than - when \ProgName{pxfonts} is used; the appearance of the output is - much improved. Two packages are provided, \Package{newpxtext} for - using the associated text fonts, and \Package{newpxmath} for - mathematics. - -\item[Txfonts set version 3.1](42 fonts) by Young Ryu\\ - The \FontName{txfonts} set consists of - \begin{itemize} - \item virtual text fonts using \FontName{Adobe} \FontName{Times} (or - the \acro{URW} \FontName{Nimbus Roman No9 L} font that - substitutes for Times, which is distributed as part of the - \acro{URW} ``basic 35'' collection) with - modified plus, equal and slash symbols; - \item matching sets of sans serif and monospace (`typewriter') - fonts (the sans serif set is based on \FontName{Adobe} \FontName{Helvetica}); - \item maths alphabets using Adobe \FontName{Times}, or the URW - equivalent \FontName{NimbusRomanNo9}; - \item maths fonts of all symbols in the computer modern maths fonts - (\FontName{cmsy}, \FontName{cmmi}, \FontName{cmex} and the Greek - letters of \FontName{cmr}) - \item maths fonts of all symbols corresponding to the \acro{AMS} - fonts (\FontName{msam} and \FontName{msbm}); - \item additional maths fonts of various symbols. - \end{itemize} - The text fonts are available in \acro{OT}1, \acro{T}1 and \acro{LY}1 - encodings, and \acro{TS} encoded symbols are also available. - - The fonts are not perfect; the widths assigned to the characters in - the \extension{tfm} file are wrong for some glyphs; this can cause - sequences of characters to ``look wrong'', or in some cases even to - overlap; the \FontName{newtx} fonts (noted above) aim to reduce - these problems. - - The fonts are licensed under the \acro{GPL}; use in published - documents is permitted. -\item[Txfontsb set version 1.00] by Young Ryu and Antonis Tsolomitis\\ - The \ProgName{txfontsb} bundles \ProgName{txfonts}, extended to - provide a Small Caps set, Old-Style numbers and Greek text (from the - GNU Freefont set). -\begin{flatversion} - Documentation - (\URL{http://mirrors.ctan.org/fonts/txfontsb/doc/txfontsb.pdf}) -\end{flatversion} -\begin{hyperversion} - \href{http://mirrors.ctan.org/fonts/txfontsb/doc/txfontsb.pdf}{Documentation} -\end{hyperversion} - is available for this variant, too. - -\item[Newtx]by Michael Sharpe from Young Ryu's \ProgName{txfonts}\\ - This collection is derived from \ProgName{txfonts}; the maths fonts - metrics have been adjusted so that the output is less cramped than - when \ProgName{txfonts} is used; the appearance of the output is - much improved. Two packages are provided, \Package{newtxtext} for - using the associated text fonts, and \Package{newtxmath} for - mathematics. Options are provided to substitute - letters and symbols from the \FontName{Libertine} set, and from the - Garamond extension font \FontName{garamondx} (but note that - \FontName{garamondx}, which is an adaptation of \acro{URW} Garamond, - is not available via \texlive{}). -\end{booklist} -Finally, one must not forget: -\begin{booklist} -\item[Proprietary fonts]Various sources.\\ - Since having a high quality font set in scalable outline form that - works with \TeX{} can give a publisher a real competitive advantage, - there are some publishers that have paid (a lot) to have such font - sets made for them. Unfortunately, these sets are not available on - the open market, despite the likelihood that they're more complete - than those that are. -\end{booklist} -We observe a very limited selection of commercial maths font sets; a -Type~1 maths font has to be explicitly designed for use with \TeX{}, -which is an expensive business, and is of little appeal in other -markets. Furthermore, the \TeX{} market for commercial fonts is -minute by comparison with the huge sales of other font sets. - -Text fonts in Type~1 format are available from many vendors including -Adobe, Monotype and Bitstream. However, be careful with cheap font -``collections''; many of them dodge copyright restrictions by removing -(or crippling) parts of the font programs such as hinting. Such -behaviour is both unethical and bad for the consumer. -The fonts may not render well (or at all, under \acro{ATM}), may not have the -`standard' complement of 228 glyphs, or may not include metric files -(which you need to make \acro{TFM} files). - -\ttype{} was for a long time the ``native'' format for Windows, but -MicroSoft joined the development of the \otype{} specification, and -`modern' windows will work happily with fonts in either format. Some \TeX{} -implementations such as \Qref*{True\TeX{}}{Q-commercial} use TrueType -versions of Computer Modern and Times Maths fonts to render \TeX{} -documents in Windows without the need for additional system software like -\acro{ATM}. (When used on a system running Windows~XP or later, -True\TeX{} can also use Adobe Type~1 fonts.) - -When choosing fonts, your own system environment may not be the only one of -interest. If you will be sending your finished documents to others for -further use, you should consider whether a given font format will introduce -compatibility problems. Publishers may require TrueType exclusively because -their systems are Windows-based, or Type~1 exclusively, because their systems -are based on the early popularity of that format in the publishing industry. -Many service bureaus don't care as long as you present them with a finished -print file (\PS{} or \acro{PDF}) for their output device. -\begin{ctanrefs} -\item[\nothtml{\normalfont}CM family collection]% - Distributed as part of \CTANref{amsfonts} -\item[\nothtml{\normalfont}AMS font collection]% - Distributed as part of \CTANref{amsfonts} -\item[Belleek \nothtml{\normalfont}fonts]% - \CTANref{belleek} -\item[\nothtml{\normalfont} URW Classico fonts]\CTANref{classico} -\item[CM-super \nothtml{\normalfont}collection]\CTANref{cm-super} -\item[eulervm.sty \nothtml{\normalfont}and supporting metrics]% - \CTANref{eulervm} -\item[fourier \nothtml{\normalfont}(including metrics and other support for \nothtml{\itshape}utopia]% - \CTANref{fourier} -\item[fouriernc]\CTANref{fouriernc} -\item[garamondx]\CTANref{garamondx} -\item[hfbright \nothtml{\normalfont}collection]\CTANref{hfbright} -\item[hvmath \nothtml{\normalfont\itshape}(free bitmapped version)]% - \CTANref{hvmath} -\item[kpfonts \nothtml{\normalfont}family]\CTANref{kpfonts} -\item[Libertine \nothtml{\normalfont}family]\CTANref{libertine} -\item[Lucida Bright/Math metrics]\CTANref{lucida} -\item[Lucida PSNFSS support]\CTANref{lucida-psnfss} -\item[MathDesign \nothtml{\normalfont}collection]\CTANref{mathdesign} -\item[\nothtml{\normalfont}Maths Font Survey]\CTANref{mathsurvey.pdf} - (\acro{PDF}) or \CTANref{mathsurvey.html} (\acro{HTML}) -\item[\nothtml{\normalfont}MathTime Pro 2 Lite]\CTANref{mtp2lite} -\item[\nothtml{\normalfont}Minion Pro support]\CTANref{minionpro} -\item[MnSymbol \nothtml{\normalfont}family]\CTANref{mnsymbol} -\item[Newtx \nothtml{\normalfont}fonts]\CTANref{newtx} -\item[NimbusRomanNo9 fonts]distributed in \CTANref{urw-base35} -\item[Palladio fonts]distributed in \CTANref{urw-base35} -\item[pxfonts]\CTANref{pxfonts} -\item[sansmath.sty]\CTANref{sansmath} -\item[tmmath \nothtml{\normalfont\itshape}(free bitmapped version)]% - \CTANref{tmmath} -\item[txfonts]\CTANref{txfonts} -\item[\nothtml{\normalfont}URW ``35 fonts'' collection]\CTANref{urw-base35} -\item[utopia \nothtml{\normalfont}fonts]\CTANref{utopia} -\end{ctanrefs} -\LastEdit{2014-01-22} - -\Question[Q-otf-maths]{Unicode Maths using OpenType fonts} - -The \acro{ISO} standard Universal Coding Scheme (UCS), which is -commonly known as Unicode, was adopted early by the designers of -TrueType (\acro{TTF}) and OpenType (\acro{OTF}) fonts. The -flexibility of the fonts offers hope, for the first time, of a uniform -method for typesetting essentially any language. - -\tex{} users have been eagerly adopting the fonts, for some time, -using \xetex{} (now a rather stable system) and \luatex{} (which is, -at the time of writing, still being developed). - -While \tex{} users were investigating the use of these text fonts, -\acro{ISO} was extending Unicode to provide a means of expressing -mathematics. As this work proceeded, MicroSoft and (separately) a -consortium of publishing companies were developing OpenType maths -fonts. (Microsoft contributed on the development of the concepts, -within the \acro{ISO} process.) MicroSoft's OpenType Maths font, -\FontName{Cambria Math} has been available for purchase for some time. - -The first free OpenType Maths font to appear was % !line break -\FontName{Asana Math}, which was eventually followed by -the publishers' consortium's offer of an interim version -of their font, \FontName{STIX}, which has been -redeveloped to provide a more usable whole, \FontName{XITS}, by a group -of \tex{} users. - -Other fonts are appearing, including % ! line break -\FontName{TeX Gyre Termes Math} (based on Times-like fonts) and -\FontName{Tex Gyre Pagella Math} (based on Palatino-like fonts), -and \FontName{LM Math} extending the OpenType version of the -\FontName{Latin Modern} font family. - -Actually using a unicode maths font is quite a complicated business, -but the \latex{} package \Package{unicode-math} (supported -by the \Package{fontspec} package) does the essential groundwork. -\begin{ctanrefs} -\item[Asana-Math \nothtml{\rmfamily}font]\CTANref{asana-math}[asana-math] -\item[fontspec.sty]\CTANref{fontspec} -\item[lm-math \nothtml{\rmfamily}fonts]\CTANref{lm-math} -\item[STIX \nothtml{\rmfamily}fonts]\CTANref{stix} -\item[unicode-math.sty]\CTANref{unicode-math} -\item[tex-gyre-math-pagella \nothtml{\rmfamily}font]distributed as - part of \CTANref{tex-gyre-math}[tex-gyre-math-pagella] -\item[tex-gyre-math-termes \nothtml{\rmfamily}font]distributed as part - of \CTANref{tex-gyre-math}[tex-gyre-math-termes] -\item[XITS \nothtml{\rmfamily}fonts]\CTANref{xits} -\end{ctanrefs} -\LastEdit*{2014-01-22} -% more to come... - -\Question[Q-charshift]{Weird characters in \ProgName{dvips} output} -\keywords{fi ligature pound pounds sterling elephants} - -You've innocently generated output, using \ProgName{dvips}, and there -are weird transpositions in it: for example, the \texttt{fi} ligature has -appeared as a \textsterling{} symbol. -This is an unwanted side-effect of the precautions -outlined in \Qref*{generating \PS{} for PDF}{Q-dvips-pdf}. -The \texttt{-G1} switch discussed in that question is appropriate for -Knuth's text fonts, but doesn't work with text fonts that don't follow -Knuth's patterns (such as fonts supplied by Adobe). - -If the problem arises, suppress the \texttt{-G1} switch: if you were using it -explicitly, \emph{don't}; if you were using \texttt{-Ppdf}, add \texttt{-G0} to -suppress the implicit switch in the pseudo-printer file. - -The problem has been corrected in \ProgName{dvips} v~5.90 (and later -versions); it is unlikely ever to recur\dots{} -\LastEdit{2012-10-24} - -\subsection{Macros for using fonts} - -\Question[Q-fonts-pln]{Using non-standard fonts in \plaintex{}} - -\plaintex{} (in accordance with its description) doesn't do anything -fancy with fonts: it sets up the fonts that Knuth found he needed when -writing the package, and leaves you to do the rest. - -To use something other than Knuth's default, you can use Knuth's -mechanism, the \csx{font} primitive: -\begin{quote} -\begin{verbatim} -\font\foo=nonstdfont -... -\foo -Text set using nonstdfont ... -\end{verbatim} -\end{quote} -The name you use (\texttt{nonstdfont}, above) is the name of the -\extension{tfm} file for the font you want. - -If you want to use an italic version of \csx{foo}, you need to use -\csx{font} again: -\begin{quote} -\begin{verbatim} -\font\fooi=nonstdfont-italic -... -\fooi -Text set using nonstdfont italic... -\end{verbatim} -\end{quote} -This is all very elementary stuff, and serves for simple use of fonts. -However, there are wrinkles, the most important of which is the matter -of \Qref*{font encodings}{Q-whatenc}. One almost never sees new fonts -that use Knuth's eccentric font encodings~--- but those encodings are -built into \plaintex{}, so that some macros of \plaintex{} need to be -changed to use the fonts. \LaTeX{} gets around all these problems by -using a ``font selection scheme''~--- this `\acro{NFSS}' (`\acro{N}' -for `new', as opposed to what \LaTeXo{} had) carries around with it -separate information about the fonts you use, so the changes to -encoding-specific commands happen automagically. - -If you only want to use the \Qref*{\acro{EC} fonts}{Q-ECfonts}, you -can in principle use the \Package{ec-plain} bundle, which gives you a version -of \plaintex{} which you can run in the same way that you run -\plaintex{} using the original \acro{CM} fonts, by invoking -\ProgName{tex}. (\Package{Ec-plain} also extends the \acro{EC} fonts, -for reasons which aren't immediately clear, but which might cause -problems if you're hoping to use Type 1 versions of the fonts.) - -The \Package{font_selection} package provides a sort of halfway house: -it provides font face and size, but not family selection. This gives -you considerable freedom, but leaves you stuck with the original -\acro{CM} fonts. It's a compact solution, within its restrictions. - -Other \plaintex{} approaches to the problem (packages -\Package{plnfss}, \Package{fontch} and \Package{ofs}) break out of the -\plaintex{} model, towards the sort of font selection provided by -\CONTeXT{} and \LaTeX{}~--- font selection that allows you to change -family, as well as size and face. The remaining packages all make -provision for using encodings other than Knuth's \acro{OT}1. - -\Package{Plnfss} has a rather basic set of font family details; -however, it is capable of using font description (\extension{fd}) files -created for \LaTeX{}. (This is useful, since most modern mechanisms -for integrating outline fonts with \TeX{} generate \extension{fd} files -in their process.) - -\Package{Fontch} has special provision for \acro{T}1 and \acro{TS}1 -encodings, which you select by arcane commands, such as: -\begin{quote} -\begin{verbatim} -\let\LMTone\relax -\input fontch.tex -\end{verbatim} -\end{quote} -for \acro{T}1. - -\Package{Ofs} seems to be the most thoroughly thought-through of the -alternatives, and can select more than one encoding: as well as -\acro{T}1 it covers the encoding \acro{IL}2, which is favoured in the -Czech Republic and Slovakia. \Package{Ofs} also covers mathematical fonts, -allowing you the dubious pleasure of using fonts such as the % ! line break -\Qref*{\FontName{pxfonts} and \FontName{txfonts}}{Q-psfchoice}. - -The \Package{pdcmac} \plaintex{} macro package aims to be a complete -document preparation environment, like \Qref*{\Eplain{}}{Q-eplain}. One -of its components is a font selection scheme, \Package{pdcfsel}, which -is rather simple but adequately powerful for many uses. The package -doesn't preload fonts: the user is required to declare the fonts the -document is going to use, and the package provides commands to select -fonts as they're needed. The distribution includes a configuration to -use Adobe `standard' fonts for typesetting text. (\Eplain{} itself -seems not to offer a font selection scheme.) - -The \Package{font-change} collection takes a rather different -approach~--- it supplies what are (in effect) a series of templates -that may be included in a document to change font usage. The -package's documentation shows the effect rather well. - -Simply to change font \emph{size} in a document (i.e., not changing -the default font itself), may be done using the rather straightforward -\Package{varisize}, which offers font sizes ranging from 7~points to -20~points (nominal sizes, all). Font size commands are generated when -any of the package files is loaded, so the \File{11pt.tex} defines a -command \csx{elevenpoint}; each of the files ensures there's a ``way -back'', by defining a \csx{tenpoint} command. -\begin{ctanrefs} -\item[ec-plain]\CTANref{ec-plain} -\item[font-change]\CTANref{font-change} -\item[fontch]\CTANref{fontch} -\item[font_selection]\CTANref{font_selection} -\item[ofs]\CTANref{ofs} -\item[pdcmac]\CTANref{pdcmac} -\item[plnfss]\CTANref{plnfss} -\item[varisize]\CTANref{varisize} -\end{ctanrefs} - -\subsection{Particular font families} - -\Question[Q-concrete]{Using the ``Concrete'' fonts} - -The Concrete Roman fonts were designed by Don Knuth for a book called -``Concrete Mathematics'', which he wrote with Graham and Patashnik -(\emph{the} Patashnik, of \BibTeX{} fame). Knuth -only designed text fonts, since the book used the Euler fonts for -mathematics. The book was typeset using \plaintex{}, of course, with -additional macros that may be viewed in a file \File{gkpmac.tex}, -which is available on \acro{CTAN}. - -The packages \Package{beton}, \Package{concmath}, and -\Package{ccfonts} are \LaTeX{} packages that change the default text -fonts from Computer Modern to Concrete. Packages \Package{beton} and -\Package{ccfonts} also slightly increase the default value of -\csx{baselineskip} to account for the rather heavier weight of the -Concrete fonts. If you wish to use the \FontName{Euler} fonts for -mathematics, as Knuth did, there's the \Package{euler} package which -has been developed from Knuth's own \plaintex{}-based set: these -macros are currently deprecated (they clash with many things, including -\AMSLaTeX{}). The independently-developed \Package{eulervm} -bundle is therefore preferred to the \Package{euler} package. (Note -that installing the \Package{eulervm} bundle involves installing a -series of virtual fonts. While most modern distributions seem to have -the requisite files installed by default, you may find you have to -install them. If so, see the file \File{readme} in the -\Package{eulervm} distribution.) - -A few years after Knuth's original design, Ulrik Vieth -designed the Concrete Math fonts. Packages -\Package{concmath}, and \Package{ccfonts} also change the default math -fonts from Computer Modern to Concrete and use the Concrete versions -of the \acro{AMS} fonts (this last behaviour is optional in the case -of the \Package{concmath} package). - -There are no bold Concrete fonts, but it is generally accepted that -the Computer Modern Sans Serif demibold condensed fonts are an -adequate substitute. If you are using \Package{concmath} or -\Package{ccfonts} and you want to follow this suggestion, then use the -package with \pkgoption{boldsans} class option (in spite of the fact -that the \Package{concmath} documentation calls it -\pkgoption{sansbold} class option). If you are using \Package{beton}, -add -\begin{quote} - \cmdinvoke{renewcommand}{\csx{bfdefault}}{sbc} -\end{quote} -to the preamble of your document. - -Type~1 versions of the fonts are available. For \acro{OT}1 encoding, -they are available from \Qref*{MicroPress}{Q-psfchoice}. The -\Qref*{CM-Super fonts}{Q-textrace} contain Type~1 versions -of the Concrete fonts in \acro{T}1 encoding. -\begin{ctanrefs} -\item[beton.sty]\CTANref{beton} -\item[ccfonts.sty]\CTANref{ccfonts} -\item[\nothtml{\rmfamily}CM-Super fonts]\CTANref{cm-super} -\item[concmath.sty]\CTANref{concmath} -\item[\nothtml{\rmfamily}Concmath fonts]\CTANref{concmath-f} -\item[\nothtml{\rmfamily}Concrete fonts]\CTANref{concrete} -\item[euler.sty]\CTANref{euler-latex} -\item[eulervm \nothtml{\rmfamily}bundle]\CTANref{eulervm} -\item[gkpmac.tex]\CTANref{gkpmac} -\end{ctanrefs} - -\Question[Q-uselmfonts]{Using the Latin Modern fonts} - -The \Package{lm} fonts are an exciting addition to -the armoury of the \AllTeX{} user: high quality outlines of fonts that -were until recently difficult to obtain, all in a free and -relatively compact package. However, the spartan information file -that comes with the fonts remarks ``It is presumed that a potential -user knows what to do with all these files''. This answer aims to -fill in the requirements: the job is really not terribly difficult. - -Note that te\TeX{} distributions, from version~3.0, already have the -\Package{lm} fonts: all you need do is use them. The fonts may also -be installed via the package manager, in a current \miktex{} system. -The remainder of this answer, then, is for people who don't use such -systems. - -The font (and related) files appear on \acro{CTAN} as a set of -single-entry \Qref*{\acro{TDS} trees}{Q-tds}~--- -\File{fonts}, \File{dvips}, \File{tex} and \File{doc}. The \File{doc} -subtree really need not be copied (it's really a pair of sample -files), but copy the other three into your existing Local -\texttt{\$TEXMF} tree, and -% beware line break -\Qref*{update the filename database}{Q-inst-wlcf}. - -Now, incorporate the fonts in the set searched by \PDFLaTeX{}, -\ProgName{dvips}, \ProgName{dvipdfm}/\ProgName{dvipdfmx}, your -previewers and Type~1-to-\acro{PK} conversion programs, by -\begin{itemize} -\item On a te\TeX{} system earlier than version~2.0, edit the file - \File{$TEXMF/dvips/config/updmap} %$ - and insert an absolute path for the \File{lm.map} just after the - line that starts \texttt{extra\_modules="} (and before the closing - quotes). -\item On a te\TeX{} version~2.0 (or later), execute the command -\begin{quote} -\begin{verbatim} -updmap --enable Map lm.map -\end{verbatim} -\end{quote} -\item On a \miktex{} system earlier than version~2.2, the ``Refresh - filename database'' operation, which you performed after installing - files, also updates the system's ``\PS{} resources database''. -\item On a \miktex{} system, version~2.2 or later, update - \File{updmap.cfg} as described in the \miktex{} % beware line break - \href{http://docs.miktex.org/manual/psfonts.html#chgupdmapcfg}{online documentation}. - Then execute the command \texttt{initexmf -\relax-mkmaps}, and the - job is done. -\end{itemize} - -To use the fonts in a \LaTeX{} document, you should -\begin{quote} - \cmdinvoke{usepackage}{lmodern} -\end{quote} -this will make the fonts the default -for all three \LaTeX{} font families (``roman'', ``sans-serif'' and -``typewriter''). You also need -\begin{quote} - \cmdinvoke{usepackage}[T1]{fontenc} -\end{quote} -for text, and -\begin{quote} - \cmdinvoke{usepackage}{textcomp} -\end{quote} -if you want to use any of the \acro{TS}1-encoding symbols. There is -no support for using fonts according to the \acro{OT}1 encoding. -\begin{ctanrefs} -\item[\nothtml{\rmfamily}Latin Modern fonts]\CTANref{lm} -\end{ctanrefs} - -\Question[Q-getnff]{Getting `free' fonts not in your distribution} - -Some fonts are free to use, but may not be sold. This creates a -dilemma for distributions: users may want the fonts, but since the -distribution is also available on a \acro{DVD} for sale, the fonts may -not be in the distribtution. - -The \acro{CTAN} archives hold such fonts, together with all the -necessary support files, but even with the support files ready-made, -installing a font is a tedious business. - -For \texlive{} users, this dilemma is solved by the -\ProgName{getnonfreefonts} script. Download the script installer from -\url{http://tug.org/fonts/getnonfreefonts/}; the web page tells you -how to run the installer to get the script, and what fonts are -currently available - -Once the script is installed, you can ask it what it has available by -saying: -\begin{quote} -\begin{verbatim} -getnonfreefonts -l -\end{verbatim} -\end{quote} -and you can ask it to install a font (in your local texmf tree) by: -\begin{quote} -\begin{verbatim} -getnonfreefonts luximono -\end{verbatim} -\end{quote} -(for example; the printed version of the \acro{FAQ} uses luximono, so -that the example was to hand\dots{}). - -(System adminstrators may use \ProgName{getnonfreefonts-sys}, which -will install the font in the `public' \texttt{texmf} tree, so that all -users of the system may use the new font.) - -The script will download the relevant font files from \acro{CTAN}, -extract them from their \extension{zip} file, install them and update -the font maps. It even goes so far as to apologise for how long it's -taking! -\LastEdit*{2013-10-22} - -\subsection{\MF{} fonts} - -\Question[Q-useMF]{Getting \MF{} to do what you want} - -\MF{} allows you to create your own fonts, and most \TeX{} users -will never need to use it~--- modern \AllTeX{} systems contain -rather few \MF{} fonts of any significance, and when \MF{} output is -needed the font generation is done, automatically, ``on the fly''. - -If you find you have some special requirement that the system doesn't -satisfy, you need to know about \MF{} in rather more detail. \MF{}, -unlike \TeX{}, requires customisation for each output device: such -customisation is conventionally held in a ``mode'' associated with the -device. Modes are commonly defined using the \texttt{mode\_def} -convention described on page~94 of \emph{The \MF{}book} % ! line break -(see \Qref[question]{\TeX{}-related books}{Q-other-books}). Your -distribution should provide -a file, conventionally called \File{local.mf}, containing all the -\texttt{mode\_def}s you will be using. In the unlikely event that -\File{local.mf} doesn't already exist, Karl Berry's collection of -modes (\File{modes.mf}) is a good starting point -(it can be used as a `\File{local.mf}' without modification in a -modern implementation of \MF{}). -Settings for new output devices are added to \File{modes.mf} as they -become available. - -Now create -a \texttt{plain} base file using \ProgName{mf} (in ``initialisation'' -mode), \texttt{plain.mf}, and \texttt{local.mf}: -\begin{quote} -\begin{verbatim} -% mf -ini -This is METAFONT... -**plain # you type plain -(output) -*input local # you type this -(output) -*dump # you type this -Beginning to dump on file plain... -(output) -\end{verbatim} -\end{quote} -This will create a base file named \File{plain.base} (or something -similar; for example, it will be \File{PLAIN.BAS} on \MSDOS{} -systems). Move the file to the directory containing the base files on -your system, and run \ProgName{texhash} as necessary. - -Now you need to make sure \MF{} loads this new base when it starts up. If -\MF{} loads the \texttt{plain} base by default on your system, then you're -ready to go. Under Unix (using the default \texlive{} (and earlier) -distributions this does indeed happen, but we could for instance -define a command \ProgName{plainmf}% -\begin{footnoteenv} - On the grounds that a command \ProgName{plain} could be misconstrued - as a reference to \plaintex{} -\end{footnoteenv} -which executes `\texttt{mf -base=plain}' (or, in more traditional -style `\texttt{mf \&plain}') which loads the \texttt{plain} base -file. - -The usual way to create a font with \MF{} (with an appropriate base -file loaded) is to start \MF{}'s input with the -\begin{narrowversion} - lines - \begin{quote} - \csx{mode}\texttt{=<mode name>;}\\ - \texttt{mag=<magnification>;}\\ - \texttt{input <font file name>} - \end{quote} -\end{narrowversion} -\begin{wideversion} -line -\begin{quote} -\begin{verbatim} -\mode=<mode name>; mag=<magnification>; input <font file name> -\end{verbatim} -\end{quote} -\end{wideversion} -in response to the `\texttt{**}' prompt or on the \MF{} command line. (If -\texttt{<mode name>} is unknown or omitted, the mode defaults to -`proof' mode and \MF{} will produce an output file called % ! line break -\File{<font file name>.2602gf}) -The \texttt{<magnification>} is a floating point number or a -`magstep' (magsteps define sizes by stating how many times you need to -multiply a base size by \texttt{1.2}, so for a base size of -\texttt{10}, \texttt{magstep 1} is \texttt{12}, \texttt{magstep 2} is -\texttt{14.4} -If \texttt{mag=<magnification>} is omitted, then the default -is \texttt{1}~(\texttt{magstep 0}). For example, to generate -\FontName{cmr10} at \texttt{12pt} for an Epson, -printer you might type -\begin{quote} -\begin{verbatim} -mf \mode=epson; mag=magstep 1; input cmr10 -\end{verbatim} -\end{quote} -Note that under Unix the \texttt{\textbackslash } and \texttt{;} -characters must usually be quoted or escaped, so this would typically -look something like -\begin{quote} -\begin{verbatim} - mf '\mode=epson; mag=magstep 1; input cmr10' -\end{verbatim} -\end{quote} -If you need a special mode that isn't in the base, you can put its -commands in a file (\emph{e.g.}, \File{ln03.mf}) and invoke it on the -fly with the \csx{smode} command. For example, to create -\File{cmr10.300gf} for an \acro{LN}03 printer, using the file -\begin{quote} -\begin{verbatim} -% This is ln03.mf as of 1990/02/27 -% mode_def courtesy of John Sauter -proofing:=0; -fontmaking:=1; -tracingtitles:=0; -pixels_per_inch:=300; -blacker:=0.65; -fillin:=-0.1; -o_correction:=.5; -\end{verbatim} -\end{quote} -(note the absence of the \texttt{mode\_def} and \texttt{enddef} -commands), you would type -\begin{quote} -\begin{verbatim} -mf \smode="ln03"; input cmr10 -\end{verbatim} -\end{quote} -This technique isn't one you should regularly use, but it may -prove useful if you acquire a new printer and want to experiment with -parameters, or for some other reason are regularly editing the -parameters you're using. Once you've settled on an appropriate set of -parameters, you should use them to rebuild the base file that you use. - -Other sources of help are discussed in our list of % ! line break -\Qref*{\MF{} and \MP{} Tutorials}{Q-mfptutorials}. -\begin{ctanrefs} -\item[modes.mf]\CTANref{modes-file} -\end{ctanrefs} -\LastEdit{2011-09-04} - -\Question[Q-keepfonts]{Which font files should be kept} - -\MF{} produces from its run three files, a metrics (\acro{TFM}) file, a -generic font (\acro{GF}) file, and a log file; all of these files have the -same base name as does the input (\emph{e.g.}, if the input file was -\File{cmr10.mf}, the outputs will be \File{cmr10.tfm}, -\File{cmr10.nnngf} (the file name may be mangled if you are using an -operating system which doesn't permit long file names) -and \File{cmr10.log}). - -For \TeX{} to use the font, you need a \acro{TFM} file, so you need -to keep that. However, you are likely to generate the same font -at more than one magnification, and each time you do so you'll -(incidentally) generate another \acro{TFM} file; these files are -all the same, so you only need to keep one of them. - -To preview or to produce printed output, the \acro{DVI} processor will need a -font raster file; this is what the \acro{GF} file provides. However, while -there used (once upon a time) to be \acro{DVI} processors that could use -\acro{GF} files, modern processors use -packed raster (\acro{PK}) files (incidentally, \pdftex{} also uses -\acro{PK} files if nothing ``better'' is available, but -see \Qref[]{fuzzy fonts in \acro{PDF}}{Q-fuzzy-type3}). -Therefore, you need to generate a \acro{PK} file from the \acro{GF} file; the -program \ProgName{gftopk} does this for you, and once you've done that you -may throw the \acro{GF} file away. - -The log file should never be needed again, unless there was some sort -of problem in the \MF{} run, and need not therefore be kept. -\LastEdit{2011-09-04} - -\Question[Q-getbitmap]{Acquiring bitmap fonts} - -When \acro{CTAN} was young, most people would start using \TeX{} -with a 300 dots-per-inch (dpi) laser printer, and sets of Computer -Modern bitmap fonts for this resolution are available on \acro{CTAN}. -(There are separate sets for write-black and write-white printers, as -well as sets at 120~dpi and 240~dpi.) - -There used to regular requests that \acro{CTAN} should hold -a wider range of resolutions, but they were resisted for two reasons: -\begin{itemize} -\item The need to decide which printers to generate fonts for. The - broad-brush approach taken for 300~dpi printers was (more or less) - justified back then, given the dominance of certain printer - `engines', but nowadays one could not make any such assumption. -\item Given the above, it has been near-impossible to justify the - space that would be required by a huge array of bitmap fonts. -\end{itemize} -Fortunately, \AllTeX{} distribution technology has put a stop to these -arguments: most (if not all) current distributions generate bitmap -fonts as needed, and cache them for later re-use. The impatient -user, who is determined that all bitmap fonts should be created once -and for all, may be supported by scripts such as \ProgName{allcm} -(distributed with \texlive{}, at least; otherwise such a -person should consult ``\Qref*{the use of \MF{}}{Q-useMF})''. - -If your output is to a \PS{}-capable device, or if your output is -destined to be converted to \acro{PDF}, you should switch to -using Type~1 versions of the \acro{CM} fonts. Two free -sets are available; the older (\Package{bakoma}) is -somewhat less well produced than the \Package{bluesky} fonts, which were -originally professionally produced and sold, but were then released -for general public use by their originators \YandY{} and Bluesky Research, -in association with the \acro{AMS} and other scientific publishers -(they are nowadays available under the SIL's Open Fonts Licence). The -two sets contain slightly different ranges of fonts, but you are -advised to use the \Package{bluesky} set except when \Package{bakoma} -is for some reason absolutely unavoidable. In recent years, several -other `\MF{}' fonts have been converted to Type~1 format; it's -uncommon ever to need to generate bitmap fonts for any purpose other -than previewing~--- see % ! line wrap -\Qref*{``previewing documents with Type~1 fonts''}{Q-PSpreview}~--- -if even then. - -More modern fonts may be used in place of the Computer Modern set. The -\Qref*{\acro{EC} fonts}{Q-ECfonts} and the % ! line break -\Qref*{Latin Modern fonts}{Q-uselmfonts} are both close relatives with -wider ranges of glyphs to offer. -\begin{ctanrefs} -\item[\nothtml{\rmfamily}BaKoMa fonts]\CTANref{bakoma} -\item[\nothtml{\rmfamily}Bluesky fonts]Distributed as part of - \CTANref{amsfonts} -\item[\nothtml{\rmfamily}CM fonts (write-black printers)]\CTANref{pk300} -\item[\nothtml{\rmfamily}CM fonts (write-white printers)]\CTANref{pk300w} -\item[\nothtml{\rmfamily}EC fonts (Type 1 format)]\CTANref{cm-super} -\item[\nothtml{\rmfamily}Latin Modern fonts]\CTANref{lm} -\end{ctanrefs} -\LastEdit{2011-09-4} |