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-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/archaic/asamples.tex179
1 files changed, 136 insertions, 43 deletions
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/archaic/asamples.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/archaic/asamples.tex
index 89c9d9a6dce..d2abd363256 100644
--- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/archaic/asamples.tex
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/archaic/asamples.tex
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
-% bsample.tex Samples of archaic fonts
+% asamples.tex Samples of archaic fonts
+
\documentclass{article}
+%%\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{protosem}
\usepackage{phoenician}
\usepackage{greek6cbc}
@@ -11,6 +13,9 @@
\usepackage{hieroglf}
\usepackage{ugarite}
\usepackage{oldprsn}
+\usepackage{aramaic}
+\usepackage{nabatean}
+\usepackage{sarabian}
\usepackage{oands}
%\newcommand{\ABC}{ABCDEFGHIJKL MNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
@@ -20,8 +25,9 @@
\newcommand{\AD}{\textsc{ad}}
\title{Archaic Font Sampler}
-\author{Peter Wilson\\ \texttt{peter.r.wilson@boeing.com}}
-\date{23 September 2000}
+\author{Peter Wilson\thanks{\texttt{herries dot press at earthlink dot net}}\\
+ Herries Press}
+\date{6 February 2006}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\tableofcontents
@@ -34,8 +40,10 @@ available from CTAN in the \texttt{fonts/archaic} directory. The fonts
form a set that display how the Latin alphabet and script evolved from the
initial Proto-Semitic script until Roman times.
- The fonts consist of letters only --- punctuation had not been invented
-during this period, neither, effectively, had numerals. The fonts are all
+ The fonts tend to consist of letters only --- punctuation had not
+been invented during this period except for a word-divider in some cases.
+Some of the scripts had signs for numbers but in others either letters
+doubled as numbers or the numbers were spelt out. The fonts are all
single-cased. Upper- and lower-case letters were again only invented after
the end of this period.
@@ -61,11 +69,20 @@ Hieroglyphs, and it may have been a precursor to the Phoenician script.
forms. Writing was generally from left to right, but could be vertical
or in other directions.
- The font and package are in the \texttt{protosem} subdirectory.
+ The font and package bundle is in the \texttt{protosem} subdirectory.
\begin{center}
\protofamily
-abgdzewhiyklmnopuvqrsxt
+%abgdzewhiyklmnopuvqrsxt
+%abgdzhwHTyklmnospxqrSvt
+\Aaleph \Abeth \Agimel \Adaleth \Azayin \Ahe \Avav \Aheth \Ateth
+\Ayod \Akaph \Alamed \Amem \Anun \Aayin \Asamekh \Ape \Asade \Aqoph
+\Aresh \Ashin \Ahelmet \Atav \\
+abgdzwHTyklmnospxqrSvt \\
+\AAaleph \AAbeth \AAdaleth \AAhe \AAheth
+\AAyod \AAkaph \AAlamed \AAayin \AApe \AAsade \AAqoph
+\AAresh \AAhelmet \\
+ABDeEYKLOPXQRV
\end{center}
@@ -77,12 +94,20 @@ left to right and a right to left form. The alphabet consisted of
22 letters. The font provided actually includes a 23rd letter as
the \textit{vau} character had two forms: \textphnc{V} and \textphnc{F}.
- The font and package are in the \texttt{phoenician} subdirectory.
+ The font and package bundle is in the \texttt{phoenician} subdirectory.
\begin{center}
\phncfamily
-ABGDEFVZH\TTheta IKLMN\TXi OP\Tsade QRST \\
-tsrq\tsade po\tXi nmlki\tTheta hzvfedgba
+%%ABGDEFVZH\TTheta IKLMN\TXi OP\Tsade QRST \\
+%%tsrq\tsade po\tXi nmlki\tTheta hzvfedgba
+\Aaleph \Abeth \Agimel \Adaleth \Ahe \Avaf \Avav \Azayin \Aheth \Ateth
+\Ayod \Akaph \Alamed \Amem \Anun \Asamekh \Aayin \Ape \Asade \Aqoph
+\Aresh \Ashin \Atav \\
+abgdhfwzHTyklmnsopxqrSt \\
+\ARaleph \ARbeth \ARgimel \ARdaleth \ARhe \ARvaf \ARvav \ARzayin \ARheth \ARteth
+\ARyod \ARkaph \ARlamed \ARmem \ARnun \ARsamekh \ARayin \ARpe \ARsade \ARqoph
+\ARresh \ARshin \ARtav \\
+aBGdeFwzETyKLMNsoPXqRSt \\
\end{center}
\section{Greek}
@@ -94,21 +119,29 @@ right. Two forms of the Greek script are provided.
The earlier one is representative of about the sixth century~\BC, when the
Greek alphabet consisted of 26 letters.
- The font and package are in the \texttt{greek6cbc} subdirectory.
+ The font and package bundle is in the \texttt{greek6cbc} subdirectory.
\begin{center}
\gvibcfamily
-ABGDEFZH\TTheta IKLMN\TXi OPQRSTUX\TPhi\TPsi\TOmega
+%%ABGDEFZH\TTheta IKLMN\TXi OPQRSTUX\TPhi\TPsi\TOmega
+\Aalpha \Abeta \Agamma \Adelta \Aepsilon \Adigamma \Azeta \Aeta
+\Atheta \Aiota \Akappa \Alambda \Amu \Anu \Axi \Aomicron \Api \Akoppa
+\Arho \Asigma \Atau \Aupsilon \Achi \Aphi \Apsi \Aomega \\
+abgdeFzhTiklmnxopqrstyXfPO \\
\end{center}
The later script is representative of the fourth century~\BC, when the
alphabet had been reduced to the 24 letters in use today.
- The font and package are in the \texttt{greek4cbc} subdirectory.
+ The font and package bundle is in the \texttt{greek4cbc} subdirectory.
\begin{center}
\givbcfamily
-ABGDEZH\TTheta IKLMN\TXi OPRSTUX\TPhi\TPsi\TOmega
+%%ABGDEZH\TTheta IKLMN\TXi OPRSTUX\TPhi\TPsi\TOmega
%%abgdezh\tTheta iklmn\tXi oprstux\tPhi\tPsi\tOmega
+\Aalpha \Abeta \Agamma \Adelta \Aepsilon \Azeta \Aeta
+\Atheta \Aiota \Akappa \Alambda \Amu \Anu \Axi \Aomicron \Api
+\Arho \Asigma \Atau \Aupsilon \Achi \Aphi \Apsi \Aomega \\
+abgdezhTiklmnxoprstyXfPO \\
\end{center}
\section{Etruscan}
@@ -121,12 +154,20 @@ our capital letters.
The script is provided in both a left to right and a right to left form
and is representative of about the eighth century~\BC.
- The font and package are in the \texttt{etruscan} subdirectory.
+ The font and package bundle is in the \texttt{etruscan} subdirectory.
\begin{center}
\etrfamily
-ABGDEFZH\TTheta IKLMN\TXi OP\Tsade QRSTUX\TPhi\TPsi 8\\
-8\tPsi\tPhi xutsrq\tsade po\tXi nmlki\tTheta hzfedgba
+%%ABGDEFZH\TTheta IKLMN\TXi OP\Tsade QRSTUX\TPhi\TPsi 8\\
+%%8\tPsi\tPhi xutsrq\tsade po\tXi nmlki\tTheta hzfedgba
+\Aalpha \Abeta \Agamma \Adelta \Aepsilon \Adigamma \Azeta \Aeta
+\Atheta \Aiota \Akappa \Alambda \Amu \Anu \Axi \Aomicron \Api
+\Aesade \Aqoph \Arho \Asigma \Atau \Aupsilon \Achi \Aphi \Apsi \Avau \\
+abgdeFzhTiklmnxopSqrstyXfPv \\
+\ARalpha \ARbeta \ARgamma \ARdelta \ARepsilon \ARdigamma \ARzeta \AReta
+\ARtheta \ARiota \ARkappa \ARlambda \ARmu \ARnu \ARxi \ARomicron \ARpi
+\AResade \ARqoph \ARrho \ARsigma \ARtau \ARupsilon \ARchi \ARphi \ARpsi \ARvau \\
+aBGDEUzHTiKLMNxoQSqRZJyXfPv \\
\end{center}
@@ -143,7 +184,7 @@ has the \textit{ger} character, \textfut{J}, which corresponds to the modern
`J' sound --- `J' did not appear in the Latin alphabet until about the mid
1500's.
- The Anglo-Saxon version of the font and package are in the \texttt{runic}
+ The Anglo-Saxon version of the font and package bundle is in the \texttt{runic}
subdirectory.
\begin{center}
@@ -163,7 +204,7 @@ write a few names, like Cleopatra or Ptolemy. Serge Rosmorduc's
hieroglyphic package is for serious Egyptologists and provides about
600 hieroglyphs.
- The hieroglf package, which is in the \texttt{hieroglf} subdirectory and
+ The hieroglf bundle, which is in the \texttt{hieroglf} subdirectory and
which requires the oands package, includes the following hieroglyphs:
\begin{center}
@@ -200,8 +241,8 @@ also sets of signs for different kinds of trade goods, such as pots or wool.
Although Linear B was used for writing Greek, there is no other relationship
between this ancient script and the Greek alphabet.
- The Metafont script includes only the basic, optional, unidentified,
-and number signs. The font and package are in the \texttt{linearb}
+ The script as supplied includes only the basic, optional, unidentified,
+and number signs. The font and package bundle is in the \texttt{linearb}
subdirectory. The basic signs are illustrated below.
\begin{center}
@@ -220,10 +261,8 @@ s S Y 1 2
t T 3 4 5
w W 6 7
z Z 9
-
\end{center}
-
\section{Cypriot}
The \textit{Cypriot} script was a syllabary used in Cyprus during the
@@ -238,7 +277,7 @@ was essentially completed by the last quarter of the nineteenth century.
alphabet apart from the fact that both can be used for writing the same
language.
- The script consisted of 55 signs. The Metafont source and package is
+ The script consisted of 55 signs. The font and package bundle is
in the \texttt{cypriot} subdirectory.
\begin{center}
@@ -268,30 +307,30 @@ recorded use of cuneiform was in 75~\AD.
The Ugaritic cuneiform script dates from about 1300~\BC{} and
was alphabetical. The script consisted of 30 letters and a ideographic word
-divider (a short vertical wedge). The Metafont source and package
+divider (a short vertical wedge). The font and package bundle
is in the \texttt{ugarite} subdirectory.
\begin{center}
\cugarfamily
-\Ua\ \Ub\ \Ug\ \Uhu\ \Ud\
-\Uh\ \Uw\ \Uz\ \Uhd\ \Utd\
-\Uy\ \Uk\ \Usa\ \Ul\ \Um\
-\Udb\ \Un\ \Uzd\ \Us\ \Ulq\
-\Up\ \Usd\ \Uq\ \Ur\ \Utb\
-\Ugd\ \Ut\ \Ui\ \Uu\ \Usg\
-\Uwd
+\Aaleph\ \Abeth\ \Agimel\ \Ahu\ \Adaleth\
+\Ahe\ \Avav\ \Azayin\ \Aheth\ \Ateth\
+\Ayod\ \Akaph\ \Asa\ \Alamed\ \Amem\
+\Adb\ \Anun\ \Azd\ \Asamekh\ \Aayin\
+\Ape\ \Asade\ \Aqoph\ \Aresh\ \Atb\
+\Agd\ \Atav\ \Ai\ \Au\ \Asg\ \Awd \\
+a b g I d h w z H T y k X l m D n Z s o p x q r J G t i u V :
\end{center}
Modern Western transliterations of these glyphs are:
\begin{center}
\translitcugar{%
-\Ua\ \Ub\ \Ug\ \Uhu\ \Ud\
-\Uh\ \Uw\ \Uz\ \Uhd\ \Utd\
-\Uy\ \Uk\ \Usa\ \Ul\ \Um\
-\Udb\ \Un\ \Uzd\ \Us\ \Ulq\
-\Up\ \Usd\ \Uq\ \Ur\ \Utb\
-\Ugd\ \Ut\ \Ui\ \Uu\ \Usg\
-\Uwd}
+\Aaleph\ \Abeth\ \Agimel\ \Ahu\ \Adaleth\
+\Ahe\ \Avav\ \Azayin\ \Aheth\ \Ateth\
+\Ayod\ \Akaph\ \Asa\ \Alamed\ \Amem\
+\Adb\ \Anun\ \Azd\ \Asamekh\ \Aayin\
+\Ape\ \Asade\ \Aqoph\ \Aresh\ \Atb\
+\Agd\ \Atav\ \Ai\ \Au\ \Asg\ \Awd
+}
\end{center}
\section{Old Persian}
@@ -305,8 +344,8 @@ some with multiple forms,
for the words \textit{king}, \textit{country}, \textit{earth}, \textit{god}
and \textit{Ahuramazda} (the Persian god), together with a word divider.
Numerals were also represented.
-The Metafont source and package is in the \texttt{ugarite} subdirectory, but
-the numerals are not provided.
+The font and package bundle is in the \texttt{oldprsn} subdirectory.
+
\begin{center}
\copsnfamily
@@ -323,6 +362,62 @@ the numerals are not provided.
\Owd
\end{center}
+\section{Aramaic}
+
+ The Aramaic script is an early offshoot from the Phoenician and was used
+between about the tenth and second centuries~\BC{} in the Middle East.
+The Aramaic script also branched and both modern Arabic and Square Hebrew
+scripts.
+
+ The script is alphabetical and consists of 22 letters.
+
+The font and package bundle is in the \texttt{aramaic} subdirectory.
+
+\begin{center}
+\aramfamily
+\Aaleph \Abeth \Agimel \Adaleth \Ahe \Avav \Azayin \Aheth \Ateth
+\Ayod \Akaph \Alamed \Amem \Anun \Asamekh \Aayin \Ape \Asade \Aqoph
+\Aresh \Ashin \Atav \\
+abgdhwzHTyklmnsopxqrSt
+\end{center}
+
+\section{Nabatean}
+
+ The Nabatean script is an offshoot of the Aramaic script and was in use
+roughly during the period between the fourth century~\BC{} and the fourth
+century~AD. It is a direct ancestor of the modern Arabic script.
+
+ The script is alphabetical and consists of 22 letters.
+
+The font and package bundle is in the \texttt{nabatean} subdirectory.
+
+\begin{center}
+\nabfamily
+\Aaleph \Abeth \Agimel \Adaleth \Ahe \Avav \Azayin \Aheth \Ateth
+\Ayod \Akaph \Alamed \Amem \Anun \Asamekh \Aayin \Ape \Asade \Aqoph
+\Aresh \Ashin \Atav \\
+abgdhwzHTyklmnsopxqrSt
+\end{center}
+
+\section{South Arabian}
+
+ The South Arabian script was in use in southern Arabia between about the
+fifth century~\BC{} and the sixth century~\AD. It was used, for example,
+in the ancient South Arabian kingdoms of the Sabaeans and the Minaeans.
+Different scripts were used in north Arabia.
+
+The font and package bundle is in the \texttt{sarabian} subdirectory.
+
+\begin{center}
+\sarabfamily
+\SAh \SAl \SAhd \SAm \SAq \SAw \SAsv \SAr \SAb \SAt
+\SAs \SAk \SAn \SAhu \SAsa \SAf \SAa \SAo \SAdd
+\SAg \SAd \SAga \SAtd \SAz \SAdb \SAy \SAtb \SAsd \SAzd \\
+hlHmqwSrbtsknIXfaoBgdGTzDyJxZ
+\end{center}
+
+
+
\clearpage
\section{Transliteration}
@@ -376,7 +471,5 @@ an Achaemenian.
\end{center}
-
-
\end{document}