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-\input texinfo
-@setfilename dvipng.info
-@settitle A DVI-to-PNG translator
-@ifset man
-@c man begin SYNOPSIS
-dvipng [options] filename
-
-dvipng [options] [filename] -
-@c man end
-@end ifset
-
-@set version 1.17
-@set month-year January 2020
-
-@c Put everything in one index (arbitrarily chosen to be the concept index).
-@syncodeindex fn cp
-@syncodeindex ky cp
-@syncodeindex pg cp
-@syncodeindex vr cp
-
-@include macros.texi
-@iftex
-@tolerance 10000 @emergencystretch 3em
-@end iftex
-
-@dircategory TeX
-@direntry
-* DVI-to-PNG: (dvipng). Translating TeX DVI files to Portable Network Graphics (PNG).
-* dvipng: (dvipng). A DVI-to-PNG translator.
-@end direntry
-
-@finalout
-@titlepage
-@title dvipng
-@subtitle A DVI-to-PNG Translator
-@subtitle Version @value{version}
-
-
-@author by Jan-@AA{}ke Larsson.
-@page
-@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
-Copyright @copyright{} 2002-2020 Jan-@AA{}ke Larsson
-
-Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
-this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
-are preserved on all copies.
-
-@ignore
-Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the
-results, provided the printed document carries copying permission
-notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph
-(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual).
-@end ignore
-
-Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
-manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that the
-section entitled ``Copying'' is included exactly as in the original, and
-provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the
-terms of a permission notice identical to this one.
-
-Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
-into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions,
-except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation
-approved by the Free Software Foundation.
-@end titlepage
-@page
-
-@c @summarycontents
-@contents
-
-@ifnottex
-@node Top
-@top dvipng
-
-This manual documents dvipng, a program to translate a DVI (DeVice
-Independent) file into PNG (Portable Network Graphics).
-
-This file documents dvipng version @value{version}
-
-Corrections or perhaps rewrites of sections are @emph{very welcome}.
-
-Jan-@AA{}ke Larsson
-
-@end ifnottex
-
-@menu
-* Introduction:: Introduction
-* Installation:: How to compile and install dvipng
-* Basic usage:: First things first
-* Command-line options:: Advanced usage
-* Graphics:: Including PostScript and/or bitmaps
-* Color:: Using color with dvipng
-* Diagnosing problems:: Problems?
-* Credits:: People who have contributed
-* Copying:: GNU Lesser General Public License
-* Index:: General index
-@end menu
-
-
-
-@node Introduction
-@chapter Introduction
-
-@c man begin DESCRIPTION
-@include readme.texi
-@c man end
-
-@node Installation
-@chapter Installation
-
-@cindex configuration, of dvipng
-@cindex compilation
-@cindex installation, of dvipng
-
-@include install.texi
-
-@node Basic usage
-@chapter Basic usage of dvipng
-
-@cindex invoking dvipng
-
-To use dvipng at its simplest, simply type
-
-@example
-dvipng foo
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-where @file{foo.dvi} is the output of @TeX{} that you want to convert to
-PNG format. If there are four pages in @file{foo.dvi}, those pages will
-be output as @file{foo1.png}, @file{foo2.png}, @file{foo3.png}, and
-@file{foo4.png}, respectively.
-
-If you have enabled the PostScript font support (via FreeType),
-fonts will be rendered as they are needed. Otherwise, dvipng will use
-bitmapped (PK) fonts, and if you use PK fonts that have not been used on
-your system before, they may be automatically generated; this process
-can take a few minutes, so progress reports appear by default. The next
-time the same font is used, it will have been saved on disk, so
-rendering will go much faster. (If dvipng tries to endlessly generate
-the same fonts over and over again, something is wrong. @xref{Unable to
-generate fonts,,, kpathsea, Kpathsea}.)
-
-Many options are available (see the next section). For a brief summary
-of available options, just type
-
-@example
-dvipng --help
-@end example
-
-@node Command-line options
-@chapter Command-line options
-
-@cindex command-line options
-@cindex options, dvipng
-
-dvipng has a plethora of command line options. Reading through this
-section will give a good idea of the capabilities of the driver.
-
-@menu
-* Option summary:: Quick listing, from dvipng --help.
-* Option details:: More information about each option.
-@end menu
-
-
-@node Option summary
-@section Option summary
-
-@cindex options, summary
-Here is a handy summary of the options; it is printed out when you run
-dvipng with no arguments or with the standard @samp{--help} option.
-
-@example
-@include dvipng.help
-@end example
-
-
-@node Option details
-@section Option details
-
-@cindex option, details of
-@c man begin OPTIONS
-
-Many of the parameterless options listed here can be turned off by
-suffixing the option with a zero (@samp{0}); for instance, to turn off
-page reversal, use @samp{-r0}. Such options are marked with a trailing
-@samp{*}.
-
-@table @samp
-@item -
-@cindex options, reading from standard input
-@cindex standard input, reading options from
-Read additional options from standard input after processing the command
-line.
-
-@item --help
-Print a usage message and exit.
-
-@item --version
-Print the version number and exit.
-
-@item -bd @var{num}
-@item -bd @var{color_spec}
-@item -bd '@var{num} @var{color_spec}'
-@cindex transparent border width
-@cindex transparent border fallback color
-Set the pixel width of the transparent border (default 0). Using this
-option will make the image edges transparent, but it only affects pixels
-with the background color. Giving a @var{color_spec} will set the
-fallback color, to be used in viewers that cannot handle transparency
-(the default is the background color). The color spec should be in
-@TeX{} color \special syntax, e.g., 'rgb 1.0 0.0 0.0'. Setting the
-fallback color makes the default border width 1 px. @xref{Color}.
-
-@item --bdpi @var{num}
-@cindex base resolution, setting
-This option only has an effect when using bitmapped (PK) fonts. The
-option sets the base (Metafont) resolution, both horizontal and
-vertical, to @var{num} dpi (dots per inch). This option is necessary
-when manually selecting Metafont mode with the --mode option (see
-below).
-
-@item -bg @var{color_spec}
-@cindex background color (option)
-Choose background color for the images. This option will be ignored if
-there is a background color \special in the DVI. The color spec should
-be in @TeX{} color \special syntax, e.g., 'rgb 1.0 0.0 0.0'. You can
-also specify 'Transparent' or 'transparent' which will give you a
-transparent background with the normal background as a fallback color. A
-capitalized 'Transparent' will give a full-alpha transparency, while an
-all-lowercase 'transparent' will give a simple fully transparent
-background with non-transparent antialiased pixels. The latter would be
-suitable for viewers who cannot cope with a true alpha channel. GIF
-images do not support full alpha transparency, so in case of GIF output,
-both variants will use the latter behaviour. @xref{Color}.
-
-@item -d @var{num}
-@cindex debugging
-Set the debug flags, showing what dvipng (thinks it) is doing. This will
-work unless dvipng has been compiled without the @code{DEBUG} option
-(not recommended). Set the flags as you need them, use @samp{-d -1} as
-the first option for maximum output. @xref{Debug options}.
-
-@item -D @var{num}
-@cindex output resolution, setting
-Set the output resolution, both horizontal and vertical, to @var{num}
-dpi (dots per inch).
-
-One may want to adjust this to fit a certain text font size (e.g., on
-a web page), and for a text font height of @var{font_px} pixels (in
-Mozilla) the correct formula is
-@example
-@var{dpi} = @var{font_px} * 72.27 / 10 [px * @TeX{}pt/in / @TeX{}pt]
-@end example
-The last division by ten is due to the standard font height 10pt in
-your document, if you use 12pt, divide by 12. Unfortunately, some
-proprietary browsers have font height in pt (points), not pixels. You
-have to rescale that to pixels, using the screen resolution (default
-is usually 96 dpi) which means the formula is
-@example
-@var{font_px} = @var{font_pt} * 96 / 72 [pt * px/in / (pt/in)]
-@end example
-On some high-res screens, the value is instead 120 dpi. Good luck!
-
-@item --depth*
-@cindex baseline reporting
-@cindex depth reporting
-Report the depth of the image. This only works reliably when the
-@LaTeX{} style @file{preview.sty} from @previewlatex{} is used with
-the @samp{active} option. It reports the number of pixels from the
-bottom of the image to the baseline of the image. This can be used for
-vertical positioning of the image in, e.g., web documents, where one
-would use (Cascading StyleSheets 1)
-@example
-<IMG SRC="@var{filename.png}" STYLE="vertical-align: -@var{depth}px">
-@end example
-The depth is a negative offset in this case, so the minus sign is
-necessary, and the unit is pixels (px).
-
-@item --dvinum*
-Set this option to make the output page number be the @TeX{} page
-numbers rather than the physical page number. See the @samp{-o} switch.
-
-@ignore
-@item -e @var{num}
-@cindex maxdrift
-@cindex accuracy in positioning
-@cindex positioning accuracy
-Maximum drift in pixels of each character from its `true'
-resolution-independent position on the page. The default value of this
-parameter is resolution dependent (it is the number of entries in the
-list [100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1600, 2000, 2400,
-2800, 3200, @dots{}] that are less than or equal to the resolution in
-dots per inch). Allowing individual characters to `drift' from their
-correctly rounded positions by a few pixels, while regaining the true
-position at the beginning of each new word, improves the spacing of
-letters in words.
-
-@item -f*
-@cindex filter, running as a
-@cindex standard I/O
-@cindex pipes, not readable
-@vindex PRINTER@r{, avoided with @samp{-f}}
-Run as a filter. Read the DVI file from standard input and write the
-PostScript to standard output. The standard input must be seekable, so
-it cannot be a pipe. If your input must be a pipe, write a shell script
-that copies the pipe output to a temporary file and then points dvipng at
-this file. This option also disables the automatic reading of the
-@code{PRINTER} environment variable; use @samp{-P$PRINTER} after the
-@samp{-f} to read it anyway. It also turns off the automatic sending of
-control-D if it was turned on with the @samp{-F} option or in the
-configuration file; use @samp{-F} after the @samp{-f} to send it anyway.
-
-@item -k*
-@cindex cropmarks
-Print crop marks. This option increases the paper size (which should be
-specified, either with a paper size special or with the @samp{-T}
-option) by a half inch in each dimension. It translates each page by a
-quarter inch and draws cross-style crop marks. It is mostly useful with
-typesetters that can set the page size automatically. This works by
-downloading @file{crop.pro}.
-@end ignore
-
-@item -fg @var{color_spec}
-@cindex foreground color (option)
-Choose foreground color for the images. This option will be ignored if
-there is a foreground color \special in the DVI. The color spec should
-be in @TeX{} color \special syntax, e.g., 'rgb 1.0 0.0 0.0'.
-@xref{Color}.
-
-@item --follow*
-@cindex follow mode
-Wait for data at end-of-file. One of the benefits of dvipng is that it
-does not read the postamble, so it can be started before @TeX{}
-finishes. This switch makes dvipng wait at end-of-file for further
-output, unless it finds the POST marker that indicates the end of the
-DVI. This is similar to @samp{tail -f} but for DVI-to-PNG conversion.
-
-@item --freetype*
-@cindex FreeType font rendering
-Enable/disable FreeType font rendering (default on). This option is
-available if the FreeType2 font library was present at compilation time.
-If this is the case, dvipng will have direct support for PostScript
-Type1 and TrueType fonts internally, rather than using @samp{gsftopk}
-for rendering the fonts. If you have PostScript versions of Computer
-Modern installed, there will be no need to generate bitmapped (PK)
-variants on disk of these. Then, you can render images at different (and
-unusual) resolutions without cluttering the disk with lots of bitmapped
-fonts.
-One reason to disable FreeType font rendering would be to generate
-identical output on different platforms, since FreeType uses the native
-renderer and therefore can give slightly different output on each platform.
-
-@item --gamma @var{num}
-@cindex gamma
-@cindex dark fonts
-@cindex light fonts
-@cindex fuzzy images
-Control the interpolation of colors in the greyscale anti-aliasing
-color palette. Default value is 1.0. For 0 < @var{num} < 1, the
-fonts will be lighter (more like the background), and for @var{num} >
-1, the fonts will be darker (more like the foreground).
-
-@item --gif*
-@cindex GIF image format
-The images are output in the GIF format, if GIF support is enabled.
-This is the default for the @samp{dvigif} binary, which only will be
-available when GIF support is enabled. GIF images are palette images
-(see the @samp{--palette} option) and does not support true alpha
-channels (see the @samp{--bg} option). See also the @samp{--png}
-option.
-
-@item --height*
-@cindex baseline reporting
-@cindex height reporting
-Report the height of the image. This only works reliably when the
-@LaTeX{} style @file{preview.sty} from @previewlatex{} is used with
-the @samp{active} option. It reports the number of pixels from the top
-of the image to the baseline of the image. The total height of the
-image is obtained as the sum of the values reported from
-@samp{--height} and @samp{--depth}.
-
-@item -l [=]@var{num}
-@cindex last page printed
-@cindex page, last printed
-@cindex physical page number, and @samp{-l}
-@cindex absolute page number, and @samp{-l}
-The last page printed will be the first one numbered @var{num}. Default
-is the last page in the document. If @var{num} is prefixed by an equals
-sign, then it (and the argument to the @samp{-p} option, if specified)
-is treated as a physical (absolute) page number, rather than a value to
-compare with the @TeX{} @samp{\count0} values stored in the DVI file.
-Thus, using @samp{-l =9} will end with the ninth page of the document,
-no matter what the pages are actually numbered.
-
-@item --mode @var{mode}
-@cindex mode name, specifying
-@cindex Metafont mode, specifying
-This option only has an effect when using bitmapped (PK) fonts. Use
-@var{mode} as the Metafont device name for the PK fonts (both for path
-searching and font generation). This needs to be augmented with the base
-device resolution, given with the @samp{--bdpi} option. See the file
-@url{ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf} for a list of resolutions and mode
-names for most devices. @xref{Unable to generate fonts,,, kpathsea,
-Kpathsea}.
-
-@item -M*
-@cindex font generation, avoiding
-@pindex mktexpk@r{, avoiding}
-@c this description repeated in kpathsea.texi
-This option only has an effect when using bitmapped (PK) fonts. It turns
-off automatic PK font generation (@file{mktexpk}).
-@ignore
-@flindex missfont.log
-If @code{mktexpk}, the invocation is appended to a file
-@file{missfont.log} (by default) in the current directory. You can then
-execute the log file to create the missing files after fixing the
-problem.
-@vindex TEXMFOUTPUT
-@vindex MISSFONT_LOG
-If the current directory is not writable and the environment variable or
-configuration file value @samp{TEXMFOUTPUT} is set, its value is used.
-Otherwise, nothing is written. The name @samp{missfont.log} is
-overridden by the @samp{MISSFONT_LOG} environment variable or
-configuration file value.
-@end ignore
-
-@item --nogs*
-@cindex GhostScript, turning off
-This switch prohibits the internal call to GhostScript for displaying
-PostScript specials. @samp{--nogs0} turns the call back on.
-
-@item --nogssafer*
-@cindex GhostScript and -dSAFER
-@cindex -dSAFER
-Normally, if GhostScript is used to render PostScript specials, the
-GhostScript interpreter is run with the option @samp{-dSAFER}. The
-@samp{--nogssafer} option runs GhostScript without @samp{-dSAFER}. The
-@samp{-dSAFER} option in Ghostscript disables PostScript operators such
-as deletefile, to prevent possibly malicious PostScript programs from
-having any effect.
-
-@item --norawps*
-@cindex PostScript, turning off raw PostScript specials
-Some packages generate raw PostScript specials, even non-rendering such
-specials. This switch turns off the internal call to GhostScript
-intended to display these raw PostScript specials. @samp{--norawps0}
-turns the call back on.
-
-@item -o @var{name}
-@cindex output, redirecting
-@cindex standard output, output to
-Send output to the file @var{name}. A single occurrence of @samp{%d} or
-@samp{%01d}, @dots{}, @samp{%09d} will be exchanged for the physical
-page number (this can be changed, see the @samp{--dvinum} switch). The
-default output filename is @samp{@var{file}%d.png} where the input DVI
-file was @samp{@var{file}.dvi}.
-
-@item -O @var{x-offset},@var{y-offset}
-@cindex offset pages
-Move the origin by @var{x-offset},@var{y-offset}, a comma-separated
-pair of dimensions such as @samp{.1in,-.3cm}.
-@c (@pxref{papersize special}).
-The origin of the page is shifted from the default position
-(of one inch down, one inch to the right from the upper left corner of
-the paper) by this amount.
-
-@item -p [=]@var{num}
-@cindex first page printed
-@cindex page, first printed
-@cindex physical page number, and @samp{-p}
-@cindex absolute page number, and @samp{-p}
-The first page printed will be the first one numbered @var{num}. Default
-is the first page in the document. If @var{num} is prefixed by an
-equals sign, then it (and the argument to the @samp{-l} option, if
-specified) is treated as a physical (absolute) page number, rather than
-a value to compare with the @TeX{} @samp{\count0} values stored in the
-DVI file. Thus, using @samp{-p =3} will start with the third page of
-the document, no matter what the pages are actually numbered.
-
-@item --palette*
-@cindex forcing palette output
-When an external image is included, @samp{dvipng} will automatically
-switch to truecolor mode, to avoid unnecessary delay and quality
-reduction, and enable the EPS translator to draw on a transparent
-background and outside of the boundingbox. This switch will force
-palette (256-color) output and make @samp{dvipng} revert to opaque
-clipped image inclusion. This will also override the @samp{--truecolor}
-switch if present.
-
-@item --picky*
-@cindex no erroneous images
-No images are output when a warning occurs. Normally, dvipng will
-output an image in spite of a warning, but there may be something
-missing in this image. One reason to use this option would be if you
-have a more complete but slower fallback converter. Mainly, this is
-useful for failed figure inclusion and unknown \special occurrences,
-but warnings will also occur for missing or unknown color specs and
-missing PK fonts.
-
-@item --png*
-@cindex PNG image format
-The images are output in the PNG format. This is the default for the
-@samp{dvipng} binary. See also the @samp{--gif} option.
-
-@item -pp @var{firstpage}-@var{lastpage}
-@cindex page range
-Print pages @var{firstpage} through @var{lastpage}; but not quite
-equivalent to @samp{-p @var{firstpage} -l @var{lastpage}}. For example,
-when rendering a book, there may be several instances of a page in the
-DVI file (one in @code{\frontmatter}, one in @code{\mainmatter}, and one
-in @code{\backmatter}). In case of several pages matching, @samp{-pp
-@var{firstpage}-@var{lastpage}} will render @emph{all} pages that
-matches the specified range, while @samp{-p @var{firstpage} -l
-@var{lastpage}} will render the pages from the @emph{first} occurrence
-of @var{firstpage} to the @emph{first} occurrence of @var{lastpage}.
-This is the (undocumented) behaviour of dvips. In dvipng you can give
-both kinds of options, in which case you get all pages that matches the
-range in @samp{-pp} between the pages from @samp{-p} to @samp{-l}. Also
-multiple @samp{-pp} options accumulate, unlike @samp{-p} and @samp{-l}.
-The @samp{-} separator can also be @samp{:}. Note that @samp{-pp -1}
-will be interpreted as "all pages up to and including 1", if you want a
-page numbered -1 (only the table of contents, say) put @samp{-pp -1--1},
-or more readable, @samp{-pp -1:-1}.
-
-@item -q*
-@cindex quiet operation
-@cindex silent operation
-@cindex warnings, suppressing
-Run quietly. Don't chatter about pages converted, etc.@: to standard
-output; report no warnings (only errors) to standard error.
-
-@item -Q @var{num}
-@cindex antialiasing levels@r{, number of}
-@cindex quality
-Set the quality to @var{num}. That is, choose the number of antialiasing
-levels for bitmapped fonts (PK), to be
-@var{num}*@var{num}+1. The default value is 4 which gives 17 levels of
-antialiasing for antialiased fonts from these two. If FreeType is
-available, its rendering is unaffected by this option.
-
-@item -r*
-@cindex reverse pagination
-Toggle output of pages in reverse/forward order. By default, the first
-page in the DVI is output first.
-
-@ignore
-@item -R
-@cindex security
-@cindex shell command execution, disabling
-@cindex absolute filenames, disabling
-@cindex pipes, disabling output to
-Run securely. This disables shell command execution in @code{\special}
-(via @samp{`}, @pxref{Dynamic creation of graphics}) and config files
-(via the @samp{E} option, @pxref{Configuration file commands}), pipes as
-output files, and opening of any absolute filenames.
-
-@item -t @var{papertype}
-@cindex paper type
-@cindex media
-@cindex letter papertype
-@cindex legal papertype
-@cindex ledger papertype
-@cindex a4 papertype
-@cindex a3 papertype
-@cindex landscape papertype
-Set the paper type to @var{papertype}.
-@c usually defined in one of the
-@c configuration files, along with the appropriate PostScript code to
-@c select it (@pxref{Config file paper sizes}).
-You can also specify a @var{papertype} of @samp{landscape}, which
-rotates a document by 90 degrees. To rotate a document whose paper type
-is not the default, you can use the @samp{-t} option twice, once for the
-paper type, and once for @samp{landscape}.
-@end ignore
-
-@item --strict*
-@cindex exit on erroneous images
-The program exits when a warning occurs. Normally, dvipng will output
-an image in spite of a warning, but there may be something missing in
-this image. One reason to use this option would be if you have a more
-complete but slower fallback converter. See the @samp{--picky} option
-above for a list of when warnings occur.
-
-@item -T @var{image_size}
-Set the image size to @var{image_size} which can be either of
-@samp{bbox}, @samp{tight}, or a comma-separated pair of dimensions
-@var{hsize},@var{vsize} such as @samp{.1in,.3cm}. The default is
-@samp{bbox} which produces a PNG that includes all ink put on the page
-and in addition the DVI origin, located 1in from the top and 1in from
-the left edge of the paper. This usually gives whitespace above and to
-the left in the produced image. The value @samp{tight} will make dvipng
-only include all ink put on the page, producing neat images.
-@c (@pxref{papersize special}).
-@c This option overrides any papersize special in the DVI file.
-
-@item --truecolor*
-@cindex truecolor output
-This will make @samp{dvipng} generate truecolor output. Note that
-truecolor output is automatic if you include an external image in your
-DVI, e.g., via a PostScript special (i.e., the @samp{graphics} or
-@samp{graphicx} package). This switch is overridden by the
-@samp{--palette} switch.
-
-@item -v*
-Enable verbose operation. This will currently indicate what fonts is
-used, in addition to the usual output.
-
-@item --width*
-@cindex width reporting
-Report the width of the image. See also @samp{--height} and
-@samp{--depth}.
-
-@item -x @var{num}
-@cindex magnification, overriding DVI
-This option is deprecated; it should not be used. It is much better to
-select the output resolution directly with the @samp{-D} option. This
-option sets the magnification ratio to @math{@var{num}/1000} and
-overrides the magnification specified in the DVI file. Must be between
-10 and 100000. It is recommended that you use standard magstep values
-(1095, 1200, 1440, 1728, 2074, 2488, 2986, and so on) to help reduce the
-total number of PK files generated. @var{num} may be a real number, not
-an integer, for increased precision.
-
-@item -z @var{num}
-@cindex compression
-Set the PNG compression level to @var{num}. This option is enabled if
-your @samp{libgd} is new enough. The default compression level is 1,
-which selects maximum speed at the price of slightly larger PNGs. For an
-older @samp{libgd}, the hard-soldered value 5 is used. The include file
-@samp{png.h} says
-@ifclear man
-@quotation
-Currently, valid values range from 0 - 9, corresponding directly to the
-zlib compression levels 0 - 9 (0 - no compression, 9 - "maximal"
-compression). Note that tests have shown that zlib compression levels
-3-6 usually perform as well as level 9 for PNG images, and do
-considerably fewer calculations. In the future, these values may not
-correspond directly to the zlib compression levels.
-@end quotation
-@end ifclear
-@ifset man
-``Currently, valid values range from 0 - 9, corresponding directly to
-the zlib compression levels 0 - 9 (0 - no compression, 9 - "maximal"
-compression). Note that tests have shown that zlib compression levels
-3-6 usually perform as well as level 9 for PNG images, and do
-considerably fewer calculations. In the future, these values may not
-correspond directly to the zlib compression levels.''
-@end ifset
-@end table
-@c man end
-
-@node Graphics
-@chapter Graphics
-
-@samp{dvipng} attempts to handle graphics as included by the
-@samp{graphicx} and @samp{graphics} packages, without the need of
-specifying a driver to these packages. This means that it recognizes
-the encapsulated postscript inclusion meant for @samp{dvips}, but is
-also able (from version 1.8) to include bitmapped graphics. It also
-tries to handle some of the raw PostScript that is output from various
-packages. Some of the possibilities and problems are mentioned below.
-
-@menu
-* Encapsulated PostScript:: An internal call to GhostScript
-* Bitmapped graphics:: PNG, JPEG and GIF
-* Raw PostScript:: Ignore or give to GhostScript
-@end menu
-
-@node Encapsulated PostScript
-@section Encapsulated PostScript
-
-When an EPS file is included, a call to GhostScript is performed to
-produce a bitmapped image that can be included. The default is to
-produce an image with transparent background, at the same size as the
-DVI page currently being converted to PNG, and include that as
-foreground on the PNG. Of course, if the image is to be cropped, that
-is done. The included image will be a truecolor image, so for maximum
-performance the output PNG will be in truecolor mode as well.
-
-This conversion needs the @samp{pngalpha} output device to be present
-in your copy of GhostScript. If that device is not present, or you use
-the @samp{--palette} switch or request GIF output, the fallback is to
-use the @samp{png16m} device to produce a cropped opaque image for
-inclusion. Other relevant switches are @samp{--noghostscript} and
-@samp{--nogssafer}. @xref{Option details}.
-
-@cindex PostScript inclusion problems
-The most common problem with including graphics is an incorrect
-bounding box. Complain to whoever wrote the software that generated
-the file if the bounding box is indeed incorrect. An adjusted
-boundingbox can be specified in the @samp{\includegraphics} call, as
-in this example (using @samp{graphicx}):
-
-@example
-\includegraphics[bb=10 20 100 200]@{imagename.eps@}
-@end example
-
-
-@node Bitmapped graphics
-@section Bitmapped graphics
-
-dvipng can include PNG, JPEG and GIF graphics. When including such
-images via @samp{\includegraphics} you need to specify the bounding
-box since @TeX{} itself cannot read them from the files in question.
-The bounding box size should be given as @samp{0 0 w h} in pixels,
-e.g., if the file @samp{imagename.png} is 300x400 pixels, the
-inclusion would read
-
-@example
-\includegraphics[bb=0 0 300 400]@{imagename.png@}
-@end example
-
-The default size is the image size in bp (``big points'' in TeX
-nomenclature or PostScript points as other people have it, 72 per inch).
-That is, default resolution will be 72 dpi for included bitmaps, which
-is the default size in the few other bitmap-capable drivers that are
-known to me (dvipdfm and PDFLaTeX).
-
-If you want 100 dpi you need to specify the width accordingly. You
-just divide your image width by 100: a 135 pixel wide image at 100 dpi
-will take up 1.35 inches. If you want 200 dpi you divide by 200, and
-so on. Simple, eh? The example above at 200 dpi would be 1.5 inches
-wide:
-
-@example
-\includegraphics[bb=0 0 300 400,witdh=1.5in]@{imagename.png@}
-@end example
-
-@node Raw PostScript
-@section Raw PostScript
-
-dvipng attempts to handle raw PostScript. Rendering raw PostScript
-specials is done on top of the page by including a transparent image
-generated by the @samp{pngalpha} device in GhostScript (automatically
-selecting @samp{truecolor} mode in dvipng).
-
-Included PostScript headers are respected, and if the header
-@samp{tex.pro} is included, dvipng also throws in @samp{color.pro} and
-@samp{special.pro}. The package @samp{xcolor} includes its own headers
-with color names, and this is not only kept as a PostScript header, but
-is also read and interpreted by dvipng itself. An attempt is also made
-to respect the PGF header. The non-rendering specials from
-@samp{hyperref} are handled via some heuristics and do not give an
-error.
-
-Really rendering and moving things with raw PostScript specials is more
-troublesome. The \rotatebox macro serves as a good example. The dvips
-driver of the graphicx package surrounds DVI glyphs with PostScript code
-so that after conversion by dvips, the glyphs (now themselves in
-PostScript) will be rotated in the desired way. dvipng does not handle
-this, at present. An attempt has been made to handle the rendering
-specials output by PGF (tikz), and also PSTricks. Some things work, but
-others do not. This is especially clear when mixing PostScript and DVI
-rendering commands such as glyphs. dvipng cannot at present detect if
-PostScript code moves @samp{currentpoint} or rotates the frame since
-GhostScript does not return such information. A recommendation would be
-to produce images from these packages as EPS files and include them into
-your document in the standard manner.
-
-Another way to handle this would be to use a slower fallback (with dvips
-and gs, for example). If you want to disable raw PostScript handling in
-dvipng, use the switch @samp{--norawps}. This switch turns off the
-internal call to GhostScript intended to display these raw PostScript
-specials. Further, when dvipng encounters raw PostScript and the gs call
-is turned off, it gives a warning. It is now possible to use the switch
-@samp{--picky} to disable page rendering of pages with warnings, and use
-the slower fallback for these pages.
-
-@node Color
-@chapter Color
-
-To support color, dvipng recognizes a certain set of specials as
-generated by the @samp{color} and @samp{xcolor} style files. These
-specials start with the keyword @samp{color} or the keyword
-@samp{background}, followed by a color specification.
-
-@menu
-* Color specifications::
-* Color specials::
-@end menu
-
-
-@node Color specifications
-@section Color specifications
-
-@cindex color specifications
-
-The color specification supported by dvipng is by-value or by-name. The
-by-value spec starts with the name of a color model (one of @samp{rgb},
-@samp{hsb}, @samp{cmy}, @samp{cmyk}, or @samp{gray}) followed by the
-appropriate number of parameters. Thus, the color specification
-@samp{rgb 0.3 0.4 0.5} would correspond to the color that is @samp{0.3
-0.4 0.5} in its red, blue and green values. The color model used
-internally in dvipng is @samp{RGB} (discretized to 256 levels), for
-details on the formulas used in conversion, see the @samp{xcolor}
-documentation.
-
-By-name color specifications are single (case-dependent) words and are
-compared with color names defined in @samp{dvipsnam.def} (from the
-@samp{graphics} bundle), @samp{svgnam.def} and @samp{xcolor.sty} (from
-the @samp{xcolor} bundle). See the @samp{xcolor} documentation for a
-list of names and the corresponding colors.
-
-On the command-line, the name @samp{Transparent} can also be used as
-an argument to @samp{--bg} to choose transparent background.
-@xref{Option details}.
-
-@node Color specials
-@section Color specials
-
-We will describe @samp{background} first, since it is the simplest. The
-@samp{background} keyword must be followed by a color specification.
-That color specification is used as a fill color for the background. The
-last @samp{background} special on a page is the one that gets used, and
-is used for the whole of the page image. (This is possible because the
-prescan phase of dvipng notices all of the color specials so that the
-appropriate information can be written out during the second phase.)
-
-The @samp{color} special itself has three forms. The first is just
-@samp{color} followed by a color specification. In this case, the
-current global color is set to that color; the color stack must be empty
-when such a command is executed.
-
-The second form is @samp{color push} followed by a color specification.
-This saves the current color on the color stack and sets the color to be
-that given by the color specification. This is the most common way to
-set a color.
-
-The final form of the @samp{color} special is just @samp{color pop},
-with no color specification; this says to pop the color last pushed on
-the color stack from the color stack and set the current color to be
-that color.
-
-dvipng correctly handles these color specials across pages, even when
-the pages are rendered repeatedly or in reverse order.
-
-@node Diagnosing problems
-@chapter Diagnosing problems
-
-@cindex problems
-@cindex trouble
-@cindex debugging
-
-You've gone through all the trouble of installing dvipng, carefully read
-all the instructions in this manual, and still can't get something to
-work. The following sections provide some helpful hints if you find
-yourself in such a situation.
-
-@menu
-* Contact information:: Who to ask.
-* Debug options:: Getting diagnostics.
-@end menu
-
-@node Contact information
-@section Contact information
-
-Bug reports should be sent to
-@email{dvipng@@nongnu.org}.
-
-Questions, suggestions for new features, pleas for help, and/or praise
-should go to @email{dvipng@@nongnu.org}. For more information on this
-mailing list, send a message with just the word `help' as subject or
-body to @email{dvipng-request@@nongnu.org} or look at
-@url{http://lists.nongnu.org/mailman/listinfo/dvipng}.
-
-Offers to support further development will be appreciated. For developer
-access, ask on @email{dvipng@@nongnu.org}.
-
-For details on the @TeX{} path-searching library, and @code{mktexpk}
-problems, @pxref{Common problems,,, kpathsea, Kpathsea}.
-
-
-@node Debug options
-@section Debug options
-
-The @samp{-d} flag to dvipng helps in tracking down certain errors. The
-parameter to this flag is an integer that tells what errors are
-currently being tracked. To track a certain class of debug messages,
-simply provide the appropriate number given below; if you wish to track
-multiple classes, sum the numbers of the classes you wish to track. To
-track all classes, you can use @code{-1}.
-
-Some of these debugging options are actually provided by Kpathsea
-(@pxref{Debugging, , , kpathsea, Kpathsea}).
-
-The classes are:
-@table @asis
-@item 1
-Normal dvi op-codes
-@item 2
-Virtual fonts
-@item 4
-PK fonts
-@item 8
-TFM files
-@item 16
-Glyph rendering
-@item 32
-FreeType calls
-@item 64
-Encoding loads
-@item 128
-Color specials
-@item 256
-GhostScript specials
-@item 512
-Kpathsea @code{stat} calls
-@item 1024
-Kpathsea hash table lookups
-@item 2048
-Kpathsea path element expansion
-@item 4096
-Kpathsea path searches
-@ignore
-@item 8192
-@item 16384
-@end ignore
-
-@end table
-
-@node Credits
-@chapter Credits
-
-A number of persons have contributed, if I forget to mention someone,
-I apologize. First and foremost we have David Kastrup whose
-@previewlatex{} project provided the incentive to write this program.
-There is also a number of people who have contributed by reporting
-bugs and suggesting improvements as the thing has evolved. These
-include but is perhaps not limited to (in semi-random order): Thomas
-Esser (te@TeX{}), Christian Schenk (MIK@TeX{}), Brian R Furry (debian
-package), Angus Leeming (LyX), Thomas Boutell (libgd), John Jones
-(first user report), Uwe Kern (xcolor), Karl Berry and Peter
-Breitenlohner (@TeX{} Live), David Harvey (hinting in Freetype), Neal
-Harmon, Alan Shutko, Reiner Stieb, Nick Alcock, Adam Buchbinder, Svend
-Tollak Munkejord, James Longstreet, Bernhard Simon, Bob McElrath,
-Georg Schwarz, Jason Farmer, Brian V. Smith, Samuel Hathaway, Thomas
-R. Shemanske, Stephen Gibson, Christian Ridderstr@"om, Ezra Peisach,
-William H Wheeler, Thomas Klausner, Harald Koenig, Adrian Bunk, Kevin
-Smith, Jason Riedy, Wolfram Krause, Reinhard Kotucha, Takeshi Abe,
-Waldeck Schutzer, Ahzo, and Andy Nguyen.
-
-@ifset man
-@c man begin NOTES
-The full manual is accessible in info format, on most systems by typing
-@example
-info dvipng
-@end example
-@c man end
-@c man begin COPYRIGHT
-This program is released under the GNU Lesser General Public License
-version 3, see the COPYING file in the dvipng distribution or
-@url{http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html}.
-
-Copyright @copyright{} 2002-2015, 2019 Jan-@AA{}ke Larsson
-@c man end
-@end ifset
-
-@node Copying
-@chapter Copying
-
-This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
-published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
-License, or (at your option) any later version.
-
-This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
-WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
-Lesser General Public License for more details.
-
-You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
-License along with this program. If not, see
-<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-@sp 2
-@noindent
-Copyright @copyright{} 2002-2015, 2019 Jan-@AA{}ke Larsson
-
-@node Index
-@unnumbered Index
-
-@printindex cp
-@bye