knowledge (9jun17)

git-svn-id: svn://tug.org/texlive/trunk@44544 c570f23f-e606-0410-a88d-b1316a301751

8 files changed, 2769 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/knowledge/README.TEXLIVE b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/knowledge/README.TEXLIVE
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bea3d266f88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/knowledge/README.TEXLIVE
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+The following files have been removed in the TeX Live installation of
+the current package, typically due to duplication, lack of space, or
+missing source code.  You can find these files on CTAN at
+	http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/knowledge
+If questions or concerns, email tex-live@tug.org.
+
+	knowledge.pdf
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/knowledge/README.txt b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/knowledge/README.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..16cb728d87e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/knowledge/README.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+This directory contains the package
+
+  name: knowledge.sty
+  version: 1.0
+  date: 2017-06-09
+  license: LaTeX Project Public License version 1.2 or above
+
+  author: Thomas Colcombet
+  mail: thomas.colcombet@irif.fr
+  web: https://www.irif.fr/~colcombe/knowledge_en.html
+
+
+Purpose:
+The knowledge package for LaTeX offers a systematic way to handle
+notions/concepts/terms throughout a document. It helps building an
+index. In combination with hyperref it makes it easy to have every
+references of a concept linked to its introduction. It also offers
+simple notations.
+
+
+Content of the file knowledge.zip:
+ - README.txt: this file
+ - knowledge.sty: the package file
+ - knowledge.pdf: a documentation
+ - knowledge-example.tex: a minimalist example
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/knowledge/knowledge-example.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/knowledge/knowledge-example.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..878036ef03d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/knowledge/knowledge-example.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+\documentclass{article}
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
+%
+% The documentation of the _knowledge package_ can be found at:
+%
+%    http://www.irif.fr/~colcombe/knowledge_en.html
+%
+%
+% Loading other packages before knowledge activates features.
+% The most common use of knowledge makes use of hyperref and xcolor:
+\usepackage[breaklinks,hidelinks]{hyperref} 
+\usepackage{xcolor} 
+%
+% The package 'knowledge' has  now to be loaded.
+% The options 
+%      'paper', 'electronic' or 'composition' (default)
+% can be used. These activates different rendering styles.
+% - paper produce a paper to be printed
+% - electronic highlights links using color
+% - composition (or default) highlights missing knowledges as
+%   well as other information. It should always be used but when the paper is ready.
+%
+\usepackage{knowledge} % default
+%\usepackage[electronic]{knowledge} % final version to be read electronically
+%\usepackage[paper]{knowledge} % final version in black and white for printing
+%
+
+% The 'notion' configuration is commonly used for scientific papers.
+\knowledgeconfigure{notion}
+
+% The 'quotation' configuration is commonly used and triggers the "..." notation.
+\knowledgeconfigure{quotation}
+
+
+
+% The following 
+% It is convenient now to provide a list of \knowledge in the preamble:
+%    \knowledge{knowledge text}[synonym 1|synonym 2|...]{directives}
+% Most common in a science paper are 'notion' knowledges that
+% are used in the body with  \intro and \kl commands/""...""" and "..." notatation:
+\knowledge{anchor point}[anchor points|Anchor points]{notion}
+\knowledge{diagnose file}{notion}
+\knowledge{knowledge package}{notion,typewriter}
+\knowledge{paper mode}{notion}
+\knowledge{electronic mode}{notion}
+\knowledge{composition mode}{notion}
+
+% the synonym directive can replace the [...] syntax 
+\knowledge{knowledge}{notion}
+\knowledge{knowledges}{synonym}
+\knowledge{Knowledges}{synonym}
+
+% Some other configurations are possible, such as:
+\knowledge{LaTeX}[latex|LATEX|Latex]{url={https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaTeX},  text=\LaTeX}
+\knowledge{pdflatex}{url={https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PdfTeX}, typewriter}
+
+
+\title{Mini example for the \texttt{knowledge} package}
+\date{}
+\begin{document}
+\maketitle
+\begin{abstract}
+\AP This document provides an elementary example of the ""knowledge package"" for "latex".
+\end{abstract}
+
+Try compiling this document (two compilation phases to have proper links) using "pdflatex", and see how some notions are hyperlinked to their introduction point (some viewers make it more obvious than others by displaying a preview of the target of a link inside a document; since there is only one page in this example, this may be worth zooming in this case).
+\AP When the "paper mode" is not active, links are clearly identified in blue. Try then compiling it in ""paper mode"" (an option of the "knowledge package"); it now looks like a regular paper (but the links are still there). In ""electronic mode"",
+the links are still colored, but some other hints disappear like "anchor points".
+
+% \AP provides an anchor point: this will be the precise target of the hyperlink.
+% It is good practice to use is at the beginning of every paragraph that contains
+% \intro commands. If 'final=false', then these anchor points appear as a small
+% corner (red with xcolor).
+
+
+\knowledgeconfigure{quotation=false}% temporarily disables the " notation
+\AP While writing a document, the two syntaxes \verb|"text"| and \verb|""text""| should be used each time some important concept is used or introduced respectively in the paper. For instance:
+\begin{quote}
+\verb|Define a ""group"" to be a "monoid" such that...|
+\end{quote}
+The `@' symbol allows some flexibility by having a displayed text different from the target:
+\begin{quote}
+\verb|"This kind of algebras@solvable groups"...|
+\end{quote}
+\knowledgeconfigure{quotation}
+
+\AP These concepts are referred to as ""knowledges"". "Knowledges" are to be defined (in general in the preamble of the document) using a command of the form:
+\begin{quote}
+\verb|\knowledge|\texttt{\{name\}[synonym1|synonym2|...]\{directives\}}
+\end{quote}
+However, using undefined "knowledges" will not cause compile time errors, but be displayed as in the following `"unknown knowledge"' (i.e. in non-"paper mode" in brown, but in regular black in "paper mode" or "electronic mode"). \AP The ""diagnose file"" (that ends with a \texttt{.diagnose} extension) contains detailed information about these warnings, and should be read often when finalising the document.
+
+\AP Small red corners are visible in the margin. These are called ""anchor points"", are introduced
+using the \texttt{\detokenize{\AP}}command usually at the beginning of each paragraph that introduce some concept, or even in the middle of the paragraph. The "anchor points" become invisible in "paper@paper mode" or "electronic mode".
+\end{document}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/knowledge/knowledge.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/knowledge/knowledge.sty
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a040cc7fc42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/knowledge/knowledge.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,2637 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `knowledge.sty',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% knowledge.dtx  (with options: `head')
+%% knowledgeutils.dtx  (with options: `package')
+%% knowledge.dtx  (with options: `package')
+%% scopearticle.dtx  (with options: `package')
+%% 
+%% This is a generated file. Copyright (C) 2016 by Thomas Colcombet
+%% 
+%% This file may be distributed and/or modified under the
+%% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either
+%% version 1.2 of this license or (at your option) any later
+%% version.  The latest version of this license is in:
+%% 
+%%        http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
+%% 
+%% and version 1.2 or later is part of all distributions of
+%% LaTeX version 1999/12/01 or later.
+%% 
+%%%%%%%%%%
+\usepackage{expl3}
+\ProvidesExplPackage{knowledge}{2017/06/08}{1.0}{first release}
+\RequirePackage{l3keys2e}
+\RequirePackage{etoolbox}
+\RequirePackage[log-declarations=false]{xparse}
+\bool_if_exist:NTF\knowledge_package_loaded_bool
+ {\endinput}
+ {\bool_set_true:N\knowledge_package_loaded_bool}
+
+\cs_new:Npn\knowledge_skip_module:#1\knowledge_end_module:
+  {}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_begin_module_if:N
+  {\bool_if:NF#1\knowledge_skip_module:}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_end_module:
+  {}
+
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1999/12/01]
+\ProvidesPackage{knowledgeutils}
+ [2016/02/26 v2.0 first codes of the new version]
+\usepackage{xparse}
+\usepackage{currfile}
+\ExplSyntaxOn
+\tl_if_exist:cF{c_job_name_tl}
+  {\tl_set_eq:NN\c_job_name_tl\c_sys_jobname_str}
+\cs_new_protected:Nn\cs_new_protected_with_variants:Nnn
+  {\cs_new_protected:Nn#1{#3}
+   \cs_generate_variant:Nn#1{#2}}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\cs_new_protected_with_variants:Nnn{cnn}
+
+\cs_new_protected:Nn\cs_new_with_variants:Nnn
+  {\cs_new:Nn#1{#3}
+   \cs_generate_variant:Nn#1{#2}}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\cs_new_with_variants:Nnn{cnn}
+
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\tl_show:n{x}
+\cs_new:Nn\tl_if_exist_ne:NTF
+   {\tl_if_exist:NTF#1{\tl_if_empty:NTF#1{#3}{#2}}{#3}}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\tl_if_empty:nTF{xTF}
+\cs_new_protected:Npn\kl_apply_inline:nnw#1#2
+  {\group_begin:
+   \cs_set:cn{g_tmpa_cs:#1}
+     {\group_end:#2}
+   \use:c{g_tmpa_cs:#1}}
+
+\cs_new_protected:Npn\kl_apply_inline_variant:nnnw#1#2#3
+  {\group_begin:
+   \cs_set:cn{g_tmpa_cs:#1}
+     {\group_end:#3}
+   \exp_args:Nc
+   \cs_generate_variant:Nn{g_tmpa_cs:#1}{#2}
+   \use:c{g_tmpa_cs:#2}}
+\cs_new:Nn\mode_if_preamble:TF{#1}
+\AtBeginDocument
+  {\cs_gset:Nn\mode_if_preamble:TF{#2}}
+\makeatletter
+\int_new:N\kl_sphack_int
+\cs_set_eq:NN\kl_stored_@bsphack\@bsphack
+\cs_set_eq:NN\kl_stored_@esphack\@esphack
+\cs_set:Nn\kl_hide_begin:
+  {\@bsphack
+   \cs_set_eq:NN\@bsphack\relax
+   \cs_set_eq:NN\@esphack\relax
+   \int_incr:N\kl_sphack_int}
+\cs_set:Nn\kl_hide_end:
+  {\int_decr:N\kl_sphack_int
+   \int_compare:nNnTF{\kl_sphack_int}=0
+     {\cs_set_eq:NN\@bsphack\kl_stored_@bsphack
+      \cs_set_eq:NN\@esphack\kl_stored_@esphack}{}
+  \@esphack}
+\makeatother
+\cs_new:Nn\if_true:TF{#1}
+\cs_new:Nn\if_false:TF{#2}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\int_compare:nNnTF{cNnTF}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\use:nn{nx}
+\cs_new:Npn\cs_apply_inline:nn#1
+   {\cs_set:Npn\g_tmpa_cs:##1{#1}
+    \g_tmpa_cs:}
+\cs_new:Npn\cs_apply_inline:nnn#1
+   {\cs_set:Npn\g_tmpa_cs:##1##2{#1}
+    \g_tmpa_cs:}
+\cs_new:Npn\cs_apply_inline:nnnn#1
+   {\cs_set:Npn\g_tmpa_cs:##1##2##3{#1}
+    \g_tmpa_cs:}
+\cs_new:Npn\cs_apply_inline:nnnnn#1
+   {\cs_set:Npn\g_tmpa_cs:##1##2##3##4{#1}
+    \g_tmpa_cs:}
+\cs_new:Npn\cs_apply_inline:nnnnnn#1
+   {\cs_set:Npn\g_tmpa_cs:##1##2##3##4##5{#1}
+    \g_tmpa_cs:}
+\cs_new:Npn\cs_apply_inline:nnnnnnn#1
+   {\cs_set:Npn\g_tmpa_cs:##1##2##3##4##5##6{#1}
+    \g_tmpa_cs:}
+\cs_new:Npn\cs_apply_inline:nnnnnnnn#1
+   {\cs_set:Npn\g_tmpa_cs:##1##2##3##4##5##6##7{#1}
+    \g_tmpa_cs:}
+\cs_new:Npn\cs_apply_inline:nnnnnnnnn#1
+   {\cs_set:Npn\g_tmpa_cs:##1##2##3##4##5##6##7##8{#1}
+    \g_tmpa_cs:}
+\cs_new:Npn\cs_apply_inline:nnnnnnnnnn#1
+   {\cs_set:Npn\g_tmpa_cs:##1##2##3##4##5##6##7##8##9{#1}
+    \g_tmpa_cs:}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\cs_apply_inline:nn{nc}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\cs_apply_inline:nnn{ncc}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\cs_apply_inline:nnnn{nccc}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\cs_apply_inline:nnnnn{ncccc}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\cs_apply_inline:nnnnnn{nccccc}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\cs_apply_inline:nnnnnnn{ncccccc}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\cs_apply_inline:nnnnnnnn{nccccccc}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\cs_apply_inline:nnnnnnnnn{ncccccccc}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\cs_apply_inline:nnnnnnnnnn{nccccccccc}
+\AtBeginDocument{\KAuxActivate}
+
+\NewDocumentCommand\KAuxActivate{}{
+    \cs_gset_eq:NN\KAuxActivate\relax
+    \KAuxOpen{}}
+\AtEndDocument{\KAuxClose}
+\iow_new:N\knowledge_kaux_iow
+
+\NewDocumentCommand\KAuxOpen{}
+ {\kaux_pretreatment_tl
+  \tl_gclear:N\kaux_pretreatment_tl
+  \iow_open:Nn
+     \knowledge_kaux_iow
+     {\c_job_name_tl.kaux}
+  \KAuxWrite*{}
+  \kaux_inittreatment_tl
+  \tl_gclear:N\kaux_inittreatment_tl
+  \KAuxWrite*{}}
+
+\NewDocumentCommand\KAuxClose{}
+ {\iow_close:N\knowledge_kaux_iow
+  \bool_gset_true:N\kaux_can_be_used_bool
+  \kaux_posttreatment_tl
+  }
+\NewDocumentCommand\KAuxBefore{m}
+  {\tl_put_right:Nn\kaux_pretreatment_tl{#1}}
+\NewDocumentCommand\KAuxAfter{m}
+  {\tl_put_right:Nn\kaux_posttreatment_tl{#1}}
+\NewDocumentCommand\KAuxInit{m}
+  {\tl_put_right:Nn\kaux_inittreatment_tl{#1}}
+\tl_gset:Nn\kaux_pretreatment_tl{}
+\tl_gset:Nn\kaux_posttreatment_tl{}
+\tl_gset:Nn\kaux_inittreatment_tl{}
+\tl_new:N\kaux_command_list_tl
+\NewDocumentCommand\NewKAuxCommand{ m m m }
+{ \ProvideDocumentCommand#1{#2}{}
+  \KAuxInit
+     {\KAuxWrite*{\KAuxCommand#1{#2}{#3}}}
+  \tl_gset:cn{kaux_\cs_to_str:N#1-args_tl}{#2}
+  \tl_gput_right:Nn\kaux_command_list_tl{#1}
+}
+\NewDocumentCommand\KAuxCommand{mmm}
+  {\ProvideDocumentCommand#1{#2}{}}
+\NewDocumentCommand\ActivateKAuxPhase{m}{
+  \tl_map_inline:Nn\kaux_command_list_tl
+     {\kaux_activate_command_phase:Nn##1{#1}}
+  }
+\cs_new:Nn\kaux_activate_command_phase:Nn
+{ \tl_gclear:c{kaux_\cs_to_str:N#1-active_tl}
+  %
+  \kaux_code_set:Nn\tmpa_code{}
+  \clist_map_inline:nn{#2}
+    {\cs_if_exist:cTF{kaux_\cs_to_str:N#1-##1:nnnnnnnnn}
+      {\exp_args:NNc
+        \kaux_code_put_right:NN
+             \tmpa_code{kaux_\cs_to_str:N#1-##1:nnnnnnnnn}}
+      {}}
+    \kaux_code_wrap:N\tmpa_code
+    \exp_args:NNx\kaux_code_put_left:Nn\tmpa_code
+       {\DeclareDocumentCommand\exp_not:N#1
+          {\exp_not:v{kaux_\cs_to_str:N#1-args_tl}}}
+    \kaux_code_exec:N\tmpa_code
+}
+\cs_new:Nn\kaux_code_set_eq:NN
+  {\cs_set_eq:NN#1#2}
+\cs_new:Nn\kaux_code_set:Nn
+  {\cs_set:Npn#1##1##2##3##4##5##6##7##8##9{#2}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kaux_code_put_right:NN
+  {\exp_args:NNo\kaux_code_put_right:Nn#1
+      {#2{##1}{##2}{##3}{##4}{##5}{##6}{##7}{##8}{##9}}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kaux_code_put_right:Nn
+  {\exp_args:NNo\cs_set:Nn
+      \tmp:nnnnnnnnn
+      {#1{##1}{##2}{##3}{##4}{##5}{##6}{##7}{##8}{##9}#2}
+   \cs_set_eq:NN#1\tmp:nnnnnnnnn}
+\cs_new:Nn\kaux_code_put_left:Nn
+   {\kaux_code_set:Nn\g_tmpc_code{#2}
+     \kaux_code_put_right:NN\g_tmpc_code#1
+     \kaux_code_set_eq:NN#1\g_tmpc_code}
+\cs_new:Nn\kaux_code_wrap:N
+   {\expandafter\cs_set:Nn
+     \expandafter\tmp:nnnnnnnnn
+     \expandafter{
+     \expandafter{#1{##1}{##2}{##3}{##4}{##5}{##6}{##7}{##8}{##9}}}
+     \cs_set_eq:NN#1\tmp:nnnnnnnnn}
+\cs_new:Nn\kaux_code_exec:N
+   {#1{##1}{##2}{##3}{##4}{##5}{##6}{##7}{##8}{##9}}
+\NewDocumentCommand\DeclareKAuxPhaseCommand{mmm}
+{ \tl_if_exist:cTF{kaux_\cs_to_str:N#1-args_tl}{}
+     {\ERROR_KAuxCommand_UNDEFINED}
+  \cs_gset:cn{kaux_\cs_to_str:N#1-#2:nnnnnnnnn}{#3}}
+\NewDocumentCommand\KAuxWriteLocation{}
+  {\KAuxActivate
+   \group_begin:
+     \tl_set:Nx\l_tmpa_tl{{\currfilename}{\the\inputlineno}}
+     \tl_if_eq:NNTF\l_tmpa_tl\kaux_location_tl
+        {}
+        {\tl_gset_eq:NN\kaux_location_tl\l_tmpa_tl
+         \iow_now:Nx\knowledge_kaux_iow{}
+         \iow_now:Nx\knowledge_kaux_iow
+            {\KAuxFileAt\kaux_location_tl}}
+     \group_end:}
+
+\tl_new:N\kaux_location_tl
+
+\NewDocumentCommand\KAuxWriteX{sm}
+   {\KAuxActivate
+    \IfBooleanTF{#1}{}{\KAuxWriteLocation}
+    \exp_args:NNx\iow_now:Nn\knowledge_kaux_iow{#2}}
+
+\NewDocumentCommand\KAuxWrite{sm}
+  {\KAuxActivate
+   \IfBooleanTF{#1}{}{\KAuxWriteLocation}
+   \iow_now:Nn\knowledge_kaux_iow{#2}}
+
+\NewDocumentCommand\KAuxFileAt{mm}
+   {\tl_set:Nn\kauxCurrentFile{#1}
+    \tl_set:Nn\kauxCurrentLine{#2}}
+
+\tl_new:N\kauxCurrentFile
+\tl_new:N\kauxCurrentLine
+
+\bool_new:N\kaux_can_be_used_bool
+\bool_gset_false:N\kaux_can_be_used_bool
+
+\file_if_exist:nT{\c_job_name_tl.aux}
+{\file_if_exist:nT{\c_job_name_tl.kaux}
+  {\bool_gset_true:N\kaux_can_be_used_bool}}
+
+\NewDocumentCommand\KAuxProcess{m}
+{ \bool_if:NT\kaux_can_be_used_bool
+   {\ActivateKAuxPhase{#1}
+    \input{\c_job_name_tl.kaux}}}
+\cs_new:Nn\cell_new_type:nnn
+  {
+   \cs_new:cn{#1_id:#2}{#3}
+   \cs_new:cn{#1_id_b:#2}{{#3}}
+   \cs_new:cpx{#1_at:N#2}##1
+      {\exp_not:n{\exp_after:wN\exp_args:Nc\exp_after:wN}
+       ##1 \exp_not:c{#1_id_b:#2}}
+  }
+
+\cs_new:Nn\cell_specialize:nnn
+  {\cs_new:cpx{#1_#2_id:#3}
+      {\exp_not:c{#1_id:n#3}{#2}}
+   \cs_new:cpx{#1_#2_at:N#3}##1
+      {\exp_not:c{#1_at:Nn#3}##1{#2}}
+  }
+
+\cs_new:Nn\cell_make_tl:nn
+  {\cs_set:Nn\l_tmpa_cs:nn
+     {\cs_new:cpx{#1_##1:#2##2}
+        {\exp_not:c{#1_at:N#2}\exp_not:c{tl_##1:N##2}}}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{set}{n}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{gset}{n}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{set}{x}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{gset}{x}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{gput_right}{n}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{gput_left}{n}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{put_right}{n}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{put_left}{n}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{show}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{use}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{if_exist}{TF}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{if_empty}{TF}
+  }
+
+\cs_new:Nn\cell_make_int:nn
+  {
+   \cs_set:Nn\l_tmpa_cs:nn
+     {\cs_new:cpx{#1_##1:#2##2}
+        {\exp_not:c{#1_at:N#2}\exp_not:c{int_##1:N##2}}}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{new}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{show}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{set}{n}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{gset}{n}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{incr}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{gincr}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{decr}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{gdecr}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{use}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{to_arabic}{}
+  }
+
+\cs_new:Nn\cell_make_bool:nn
+  {
+   \cs_set:Nn\l_tmpa_cs:nn
+     {\cs_new:cpx{#1_##1:#2##2}
+        {\exp_not:c{#1_at:N#2}\exp_not:c{bool_##1:N##2}}}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{set_true}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{set_false}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{gset_true}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{gset_false}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{set}{n}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{gset}{n}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{if}{TF}
+  }
+
+\cs_new:Nn\seq_use:N
+  {\seq_use:Nn#1,}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\cell_make_seq:nn
+  {
+   \cs_set:Nn\l_tmpa_cs:nn
+     {\cs_new:cpx{#1_##1:#2##2}
+        {\exp_not:c{#1_at:N#2}\exp_not:c{seq_##1:N##2}}}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{new}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{set_from_clist}{n}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{gset_from_clist}{n}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{gpush}{n}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{if_exist}{TF}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{if_empty}{TF}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{if_in}{nTF}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{show}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{use}{n}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{use}{}
+   \l_tmpa_cs:nn{map_inline}{n}
+  }
+
+\cs_new:Nn\cell_make_tuple:nn
+  {
+   \cs_set:Nn\l_tmpa_cs:nn
+     {\cs_new:cpx{#1_##1:#2##2}
+        {\exp_not:c{#1_at:N#2}\exp_not:c{tuple_##1:N##2}}}
+  }
+
+\cs_new:Nn\cell_specialize_int:nnn
+  {
+  \cell_specialize:nnn{#1}{#2}{#3}
+  \cell_make_int:nn{#1_#2}{#3}
+  }
+
+\cs_new:Nn\cell_specialize_tl:nnn
+  {
+  \cell_specialize:nnn{#1}{#2}{#3}
+  \cell_make_tl:nn{#1_#2}{#3}
+  }
+
+\cs_new:Nn\cell_specialize_bool:nnn
+  {
+  \cell_specialize:nnn{#1}{#2}{#3}
+  \cell_make_bool:nn{#1_#2}{#3}
+  }
+
+\cs_new:Nn\cell_specialize_seq:nnn
+  {
+  \cell_specialize:nnn{#1}{#2}{#3}
+  \cell_make_seq:nn{#1_#2}{#3}
+  }
+\cs_new:Nn\tuple_new:n
+  {
+   \cs_new:cx{#1_new:N}
+     {\exp_not:N\tl_new:N##1
+      \exp_not:N\tl_gset:Nn##1{\exp_not:c{#1:}}}
+   \cs_new:cx{#1_gclear:N}
+     {\exp_not:N\tl_gset:Nn##1{\exp_not:c{#1:}}}
+   \cs_new:cx{#1_ensure:N}
+     {\exp_not:N\tl_if_exist:NTF##1{}
+        {\exp_not:N\tl_new:N##1
+         \exp_not:N\tl_gset:Nn##1{\exp_not:c{#1:}}}}
+    \cs_new:cn{#1:}{}
+    %
+    \cs_set:Nn\l_tmpa_cs:nn
+      { \cs_new:cpx{#1_##1:##2}
+           {\exp_not:c{tuple_##1:n##2}{\exp_not:n{#1}}}}
+    \l_tmpa_cs:nn{new_tl_index}{Nnn}
+    \l_tmpa_cs:nn{new_tl_index}{nn}
+    \l_tmpa_cs:nn{new_tl_index}{n}
+    \l_tmpa_cs:nn{new_int_index}{Nnn}
+    \l_tmpa_cs:nn{new_int_index}{nn}
+    \l_tmpa_cs:nn{new_int_index}{n}
+    \l_tmpa_cs:nn{new_bool_index}{Nn}
+    \l_tmpa_cs:nn{new_bool_index}{n}
+    \l_tmpa_cs:nn{show}{N}
+    \l_tmpa_cs:nn{if_exist}{NTF}
+  }
+\cs_new:Npn\tuple_if_exist:nNTF#1{\tl_if_exist:NTF}
+\cs_new:Nn\tuple_new_bool_index:nNNn
+  {
+  \cs_new:cn{#1_#4_expands_to:TF}{
+     \cs_set:Nn#2{##1}
+     \cs_set:Nn#3{##2}}
+  \cs_gset:Nn#2{}
+  \cs_gset:Nn#3{}
+  %
+  \cs_new:cx{#1_#4_if:NTF}
+    {\exp_not:N\expandafter
+       \exp_not:c{#1_#4_if~i:w}
+       ##1 \exp_not:n{#2 ab #2 c \tuple_end:}{##3}{##2}}
+  \cs_new:cpn{#1_#4_if~i:w}
+       ##1 #2 ##2 #2 ##3 \tuple_end:
+       {\tl_if_single:nTF{##3}}
+  %
+  \cs_new:cx{#1_#4_gset_false:N}
+    {\exp_not:N\expandafter
+       \exp_not:c{#1_#4_gset_false~i:w}
+       ##1 \exp_not:n{#2 ab #2 c \tuple_end:}##1}
+  \cs_new:cpn{#1_#4_gset_false~i:w}
+       ##1 #2 ##2 #2 ##3 \tuple_end:##4
+       {\tl_if_single:nTF{##3}
+          {\tl_gset:Nn##4{##1}}
+          {\tl_gset:Nn##4{##1##2}}}
+  %
+  \cs_new:cx{#1_#4_gset_true:N}
+    {\exp_not:N\expandafter
+       \exp_not:c{#1_#4_gset_true~:w}
+       ##1 \exp_not:n{#2 ab #2 c \tuple_end:}##1}
+  \cs_new:cpn{#1_#4_gset_true~:w}
+       ##1 #2 ##2 #2 ##3 \tuple_end: ##4
+       {\tl_if_single:nTF{##4}
+          {\tl_gset:Nn##4{##1 #2}}{}}
+}
+\cs_new:Nn\tuple_new_bool_index:nn
+  {\use:x{\exp_not:n{\tuple_new_bool_index:nNNn{#1}}
+      \exp_not:c{BOOL_#1_#2_true:}
+      \exp_not:c{BOOL_#1_#2_false:}
+      {#2}}}
+\cs_new:Nn\tuple_new_index:nNnn{
+  \cs_new:cn{#1_#3_expands_to:n}{\cs_set:Nn#2{##1}}
+  \cs_gset:Nn#2{}
+  %
+  \cs_new:cx{#1_#3_use:N}
+    {\exp_not:N\expandafter
+       \exp_not:c{#1_#3_use~i:w}
+       ##1 \exp_not:n{#2 {#4}\tuple_end:}}
+  \cs_new:cpx{#1_#3_use~i:w}
+       ##1 #2 ##2 ##3 \tuple_end:{##2}
+  %
+  \cs_new:cx{#1_#3_if_exist:NTF}
+    {\exp_not:N\expandafter
+       \exp_not:c{#1_#3_if_exist~i:w}
+       ##1 \exp_not:n{#2 ab #2 c \tuple_end:}{##3}{##2}}
+  \cs_new:cpn{#1_#3_if_exist~i:w}
+       ##1 #2 ##2 ##3 #2 ##4 \tuple_end:
+       {\tl_if_single:nTF{##4}}
+  %
+  \cs_new:cx{#1_#3_gdel:N}
+    {\exp_not:N\expandafter
+       \exp_not:c{#1_#3_gdel~i:w}
+       ##1 \exp_not:n{#2 ab #2 c \tuple_end:}##1}
+  \cs_new:cpn{#1_#3_gdel~i:w}
+       ##1 #2 ##2 ##3 #2 ##4 \tuple_end:##5
+       {\tl_if_single:nTF{##4}
+          {\tl_gset:Nn##5{##1}}
+          {\tl_gset:Nn##5{##1##3}}}
+  %
+   \cs_new:cx{#1_#3_gapply:NN}
+    {\exp_not:N\expandafter
+       \exp_not:c{#1_#3_gapply~i:w}
+       ##1 \exp_not:n{#2 ab #2 c \tuple_end:}##1##2}
+   \cs_new:cpn{#1_#3_gapply~i:w}
+       ##1 #2 ##2 ##3 #2 ##4 \tuple_end: ##5 ##6
+       {\tl_if_single:nTF{##4}
+          {\tl_gset:Nx##5{\exp_not:n{##1 #2}{##6{#4}}}}
+          {\tl_gset:Nx##5{\exp_not:n{##1 #2}{##6{##2}} \exp_not:n{##3}}}}
+}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\tuple_new_tl_index:nNnn
+  {\tuple_new_index:nNnn{#1}#2{#3}{#4}
+  %
+  \cs_new:cx{#1_#3_gset:Nn}
+    {\exp_not:N\expandafter
+       \exp_not:c{#1_#3_gset~:w}
+       ##1 \exp_not:n{#2 ab #2 c \tuple_end:}##1{##2}}
+  \cs_new:cpn{#1_#3_gset~:w}
+       ##1 #2 ##2 ##3 #2 ##4 \tuple_end: ##5 ##6
+       {\tl_if_single:nTF{##4}
+          {\tl_gset:Nn##5{##1 #2{##6}}}
+          {\tl_gset:Nn##5{##1 #2{##6} ##3}}}
+}
+\cs_new:Nn\tuple_new_tl_index:nnn
+  {\exp_args:Nnc\tuple_new_tl_index:nNnn{#1}{TL_#1_#2_:n}{#2}{#3}}
+\cs_new:Nn\tuple_new_tl_index:nn
+  {\tuple_new_tl_index:nnn{#1}{#2}{}}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\int_incr:n{\int_eval:n{#1+1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\int_decr:n{\int_eval:n{#1-1}}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\tuple_new_int_index:nNnn{
+   \tuple_new_index:nNnn{#1}#2{#3}{#4}
+   %
+   \cs_new:cx{#1_#3_get_int:NN}
+     {\exp_not:n{\int_set:Nn} ##2 {\exp_not:c{#1_#3_use:N} \exp_not:N##1}}
+   %
+   \cs_new:cx{#1_#3_gincr:N}
+     {\exp_not:c{#1_#3_gapply:NN}##1\exp_not:N\int_incr:n}
+   %
+   \cs_new:cx{#1_#3_gdecr:N}
+     {\exp_not:c{#1_#3_gapply:NN}##1\exp_not:N\int_decr:n}
+   %
+   \cs_new:cx{#1_#3_gset:Nn}
+     {\exp_not:N\expandafter
+       \exp_not:c{#1_#3_gset~:w}
+       ##1 \exp_not:n{#2 ab #2 c \tuple_end:}##1{##2}}
+   \cs_new:cpn{#1_#3_gset~:w}
+       ##1 #2 ##2 ##3 #2 ##4 \tuple_end: ##5 ##6
+       {\tl_if_single:nTF{##4}
+          {\tl_gset:Nx##5{##1 \exp_not:N#2 {\int_eval:n{##6}}}}
+          {\tl_gset:Nx##5{##1 \exp_not:N#2 {\int_eval:n{##6}} ##3}}}
+    %
+    \cs_new:cpx{#1_#3_case:NnTF}##1
+      {\exp_not:N\int_case:nnTF{\exp_not:c{#1_#3_eval:n}##1}}
+}
+\cs_new:Nn\tuple_new_int_index:nnn
+  {\exp_args:Nnc\tuple_new_int_index:nNnn{#1}{INT_#1_#2_:n}{#2}{#3}}
+\cs_new:Nn\tuple_new_int_index:nn
+  {\tuple_new_int_index:nnn{#1}{#2}{0}}
+\cs_new:Nn\int_get_default:N
+   {\int_if_exist:NTF#1{\int_use:N#1}{0}}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\int_get_default:N{c}
+\cs_new:Nn\int_force:N
+  {\int_if_exist:NTF#1{}{\int_new:N#1}}
+\cs_new:Npn\int_force_gset:Nn#1
+   {\int_force:N#1\int_gset:Nn#1}
+\NewDocumentCommand\NewGBool{ m m o  }{
+   \IfNoValueTF{#3}{
+      \tl_gset:Nn\g_tmpa_tl{#2}
+      \tl_remove_all:Nn\g_tmpa_tl{~}
+      \int_case:nnTF{\tl_count:N\g_tmpa_tl}{
+        0 {\NewGBoolComplete {#1}{#2}{#1:_bool}}
+        1 {\NewGBoolComplete {#1}{#2}{#1:##1_bool}}
+        2 {\NewGBoolComplete {#1}{#2}{#1:##1...##2_bool}}
+        3 {\NewGBoolComplete {#1}{#2}{#1:##1...##2...##3_bool}}
+        4 {\NewGBoolComplete {#1}{#2}{#1:##1...##2...##3...##4_bool}}
+        5 {\NewGBoolComplete {#1}{#2}{#1:##1...##2...##3...##4...##5_bool}}
+        6 {\NewGBoolComplete {#1}{#2}{#1:##1...##2...##3...##4...##5...##6_bool}}
+        7 {\NewGBoolComplete {#1}{#2}{#1:##1...##2...##3...##4...##5...##6...##7_bool}}
+        8 {\NewGBoolComplete {#1}{#2}{#1:##1...##2...##3...##4...##5...##6...##7...##8_bool}}
+        9 {\NewGBoolComplete {#1}{#2}{#1:##1...##2...##3...##4...##5...##6...##7...##8...##9_bool}}
+      }{}{\ERROR}}{\NewGBoolComplete{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+\NewDocumentCommand\NewGBoolComplete{ m m m  }{
+   \exp_args:Nc\NewDocumentCommand{#1SetTrue}{#2}
+      {\bool_gset_true:c{#3}}
+   \exp_args:Nc\NewDocumentCommand{#1SetFalse}{#2}
+      {\bool_gset_false:c{#3}}
+   \exp_args:Nc\NewDocumentCommand{#1Set}{#2}
+      {\exp_args:Nc\bool_gset_tl:Nn{#3}}
+   \exp_args:Nc\DeclareExpandableDocumentCommand{#1IfTF}{#2}
+      {\bool_if:cTF{#3}}
+}
+\cs_new:Nn\bool_gset_tl:Nn
+   {\use:c{bool_gset_#2:N}#1}
+\NewDocumentCommand\NewGCs{ m m o  }{
+   \IfNoValueTF{#3}{
+      \tl_gset:Nn\g_tmpa_tl{#2}
+      \tl_remove_all:Nn\g_tmpa_tl{~}
+      \int_case:nnTF{\tl_count:N\g_tmpa_tl}{
+        0 {\NewGCsComplete {#1}{#2}{#1_:}}
+        1 {\NewGCsComplete {#1}{#2}{#1_##1_cs:w}}
+        2 {\NewGCsComplete {#1}{#2}{#1_##1...##2_cs:w}}
+        3 {\NewGCsComplete {#1}{#2}{#1_##1...##2...##3_cs:w}}
+        4 {\NewGCsComplete {#1}{#2}{#1_##1...##2...##3...##4_cs:w}}
+        5 {\NewGCsComplete {#1}{#2}{#1_##1...##2...##3...##4...##5_cs:w}}
+        6 {\NewGCsComplete {#1}{#2}{#1_##1...##2...##3...##4...##5...##6_cs:w}}
+        7 {\NewGCsComplete {#1}{#2}{#1_##1...##2...##3...##4...##5...##6...##7_cs:w}}
+        8 {\NewGCsComplete {#1}{#2}{#1_##1...##2...##3...##4...##5...##6...##7...##8_cs:w}}
+        9 {\NewGCsComplete {#1}{#2}{#1_##1...##2...##3...##4...##5...##6...##7...##8...##9_cs:w}}
+      }{}{\ERROR}}{\NewGCsComplete{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+\NewDocumentCommand\NewGCsComplete{ m m m  }{}
+\cs_new_protected_with_variants:Nnn\kl_copy_file:nn{nV,Vn,VV}
+  {\file_if_exist:nT{#1}
+  {\group_begin:
+    \bool_set_false:N\l_tmpa_bool
+    \ior_open:Nn\g_tmpa_ior{#1}
+    \iow_open:Nn\g_tmpa_iow{#2}
+    \bool_do_until:Nn\l_tmpa_bool{
+        \ior_if_eof:NTF\g_tmpa_ior
+          {\bool_set_true:N\l_tmpa_bool}
+          {\ior_get_str:NN
+              \g_tmpa_ior
+              \l_tmpa_tl
+            \exp_args:NNV
+            \iow_now:Nn
+                 \g_tmpa_iow
+                 \l_tmpa_tl}
+        }
+     \ior_close:N\g_tmpa_ior
+     \iow_close:N\g_tmpa_iow
+  \group_end:}}
+
+\cs_new_protected_with_variants:Nnn\kl_compare_files:Nnn{NnV,NVn,NVV}
+  {\group_begin:
+    \bool_set_false:N\l_tmpa_bool% set when finished
+    \bool_set_true:N\l_tmpb_bool% result
+    \file_if_exist:nTF{#2}
+        {\file_if_exist:nF{#3}
+           {\bool_set_true:N\l_tmpa_bool
+            \bool_set_false:N\l_tmpb_bool}}
+        {\bool_set_true:N\l_tmpa_bool
+         \file_if_exist:nT{#3}
+           {\bool_set_false:N\l_tmpb_bool}}
+    \bool_if:NF\l_tmpa_bool{
+      \ior_open:Nn\g_tmpa_ior{#2}
+      \ior_open:Nn\g_tmpb_ior{#3}
+      %
+      \bool_do_until:Nn\l_tmpa_bool{
+        \ior_if_eof:NTF\g_tmpa_ior
+          {\bool_set_true:N\l_tmpa_bool
+            \ior_if_eof:NF\g_tmpb_ior
+                {\bool_set_false:N\l_tmp_bool}}
+          {\ior_if_eof:NTF\g_tmpb_ior
+            {\bool_set_true:N\l_tmpa_bool
+             \bool_set_false:N\l_tmp_bool}
+            {\ior_get_str:NN
+                 \g_tmpa_ior
+                 \l_tmpa_tl
+              \ior_get_str:NN
+                 \g_tmpb_ior
+                 \l_tmpb_tl
+              \tl_if_eq:NNF
+                  \l_tmpa_tl\l_tmpb_tl
+                  {\bool_set_true:N\l_tmpa_bool
+                   \bool_set_false:N\l_tmpb_bool}
+               }}
+       }
+       \ior_close:N\g_tmpa_ior
+       \ior_close:N\g_tmpb_ior}
+     \bool_if:NTF\l_tmpb_bool
+        {\group_end:\bool_set_true:N#1}
+        {\group_end:\bool_set_false:N#1}
+  }
+
+\cs_new_protected:Nn\kl_tl_to_file:nn
+   {\iow_open:Nn\g_tmpa_iow{#1}
+    \iow_now:Nn\g_tmpa_iow{#2}
+    \iow_close:N\g_tmpa_iow}
+\ior_new:N\g_tmpa_ior
+\ior_new:N\g_tmpb_ior
+\iow_new:N\g_tmpa_iow
+\iow_new:N\g_tmpb_iow
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\cs_gset_eq:NN{cN,cc}
+\NewDocumentCommand\OverloadCommand{mmm}
+  {\exp_args:Nc\cs_gset_eq:NN{SUPER\cs_to_str:N#1}#1
+   \exp_args:Nc\NewDocumentCommand{NEW\cs_to_str:N#1}{#2}{#3}
+   \cs_gset_eq:Nc#1{NEW\cs_to_str:N#1}}
+\NewDocumentCommand\XparseArgs{mm}
+    {\kutils_reverting_args:Nn#1{#2}}
+\DeclareExpandableDocumentCommand\ExpXparseArgs{mm}
+    {\kutils_exec_xreverting_args:Nn#1{#2}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_xrevert_arg_s:n
+ { \IfBooleanTF{#1}{*}{}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_xrevert_arg_o:n
+ { \IfValueTF{#1}{[\exp_not:n{#1}]}{}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_xrevert_arg_m:n
+ { {\exp_not:n{#1}} }
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_xrevert_arg_i:n
+ { }
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_reverting_args:Nn{
+  \use:c{kutils_process_\tl_count:n{#2}:w}
+   #1{\kutils_exec_xreverting_args:n{#2}}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_exec_xreverting_args:n{
+  \tl_if_empty:nTF{#1}{}
+      {\kutils_exec_xreverting_args_internal:w#1\kutils_end:}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_exec_xreverting_args:Nn{
+  \exp_not:N#1
+  \tl_if_empty:nTF{#2}{}
+      {\kutils_exec_xreverting_args_internal:w#2\kutils_end:}}
+\cs_new:Npn\kutils_exec_xreverting_args_internal:w#1#2\kutils_end:#3
+  { \use:c{kutils_xrevert_arg_#1:n}{#3}
+     \tl_if_empty:nTF{#2}{}
+     {\kutils_exec_xreverting_args_internal:w#2\kutils_end:}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_process_args:nn
+  {#1}
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_process_args:nnn
+  {\use:nx{#1}{#2{#3}}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_process_args:nnnn
+  {\use:nx{#1}{#2{#3}{#4}}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_process_args:nnnnn
+  {\use:nx{#1}{#2{#3}{#4}{#5}}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_process_args:nnnnnn
+  {\use:nx{#1}{#2{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_process_args:nnnnnnn
+  {\use:nx{#1}{#2{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}{#7}}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_process_args:nnnnnnnn
+  {\use:nx{#1}{#2{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}{#7}{#8}}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_process_args:nnnnnnnnn
+  {\use:nx{#1}{#2{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}{#7}{#8}{#9}}}
+\exp_args:Nc\let{kutils_process_0:w}\kutils_process_args:nn
+\exp_args:Nc\let{kutils_process_1:w}\kutils_process_args:nnn
+\exp_args:Nc\let{kutils_process_2:w}\kutils_process_args:nnnn
+\exp_args:Nc\let{kutils_process_3:w}\kutils_process_args:nnnnn
+\exp_args:Nc\let{kutils_process_4:w}\kutils_process_args:nnnnnn
+\exp_args:Nc\let{kutils_process_5:w}\kutils_process_args:nnnnnnn
+\exp_args:Nc\let{kutils_process_6:w}\kutils_process_args:nnnnnnnn
+\exp_args:Nc\let{kutils_process_7:w}\kutils_process_args:nnnnnnnnn
+\msg_new:nnn{scope}{LaTeX~obsolete}
+    {The~command~'#1'~is~deprecated.~
+     See~documentation~for~a~replacement.}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_secure_latex_command:N
+  {\cs_new_eq:cN{LaTeX\cs_to_str:N#1}#1}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_latex_to_vault:N
+  {\kutils_secure_latex_command:N#1
+   \cs_undefine:N#1}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_latex_to_obsolete:N
+  {\kutils_latex_to_vault:N#1
+   \cs_new:Npx#1{\exp_not:N\msg_error:nnn{scope}{LaTeX~obsolete}{\string #1}}}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_secure_latex_command:n
+  {\tl_map_function:nN{#1}\kutils_secure_latex_command:N}
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_latex_to_vault:n
+  {\tl_map_function:nN{#1}\kutils_latex_to_vault:N}
+\cs_new:Nn\kutils_latex_to_obsolete:n
+  {\tl_map_function:nN{#1}\kutils_latex_to_obsolete:N}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1999/12/01]
+\ProvidesPackage{knowledge}
+ [2016/02/26 v2.0 first codes of the new version]
+%%%%%%%%%%
+\cs_set_eq:Nc\klparse_ifnextchar:NTF{@ifnextchar}
+
+\NewDocumentCommand\klparse_setnovalue{o}
+  {\tl_set:Nn\klparse_novalue_tl{#1}}
+\klparse_setnovalue\relax
+
+\cs_new:Npn\klparse_if_novalue:NTF
+  {\tl_if_eq:NNTF\klparse_novalue_tl}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_info:n{\msg_info:nnn{knowledge}{knowledge~info}{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_warning:n{\msg_warning:nnn{knowledge}{knowledge~warning}{#1}}
+
+\msg_new:nnnn{knowledge}{knowledge~info}{#1}{#2}
+\msg_new:nnnn{knowledge}{knowledge~warning}{#1}{#2}
+
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\knowledge_info:n{x}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\knowledge_warning:n{x}
+\tl_new:N\knowledge_configuration_pending_tl
+\tl_set:Nn\knowledge_configuration_pending_tl{}
+\NewDocumentCommand\KnowledgePackageTrigger{mm}
+  { \keys_define:nn{ knowledge~package~options }{ #1 .code:n = {#2} } }
+\NewDocumentCommand\KnowledgeConfigureBooleanOption{om}{
+ \tl_set:Nn\l_tmpa_tl{#2}
+ \tl_remove_all:Nn\l_tmpa_tl{~}
+ \IfNoValueTF{#1}
+   {\bool_new:c{knowledge_configuration_#2_bool}
+    \exp_args:NcnV\knowledge_KnowledgeConfigureBooleanOption:Nnnnn
+        {knowledge_configuration_#2_bool}{#2}\l_tmpa_tl{}{}}
+   {\exp_args:NNnV\knowledge_KnowledgeConfigureBooleanOption:Nnnnn
+        #1{#2}\l_tmpa_tl{}{}}
+ }
+\NewDocumentCommand\KnowledgeConfigureBooleanOptionTF{ommm}{
+ \tl_set:Nn\l_tmpa_tl{#2}
+ \tl_remove_all:Nn\l_tmpa_tl{~}
+ \IfNoValueTF{#1}
+   {\bool_new:c{knowledge_configuration_#2_bool}
+    \exp_args:NcnV\knowledge_KnowledgeConfigureBooleanOption:Nnnnn
+        {knowledge_configuration_#2_bool}{#2}\l_tmpa_tl{#3}{#4}}
+   {\exp_args:NNnV\knowledge_KnowledgeConfigureBooleanOption:Nnnnn
+        #1{#2}\l_tmpa_tl{#3}{#4}}
+ }
+
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_KnowledgeConfigureBooleanOption:Nnnnn{
+ \keys_define:nn{ knowledge~package~options }{
+    #3 .choice:,
+    #3 / true .code:n = {\tl_put_right:Nn\knowledge_configuration_pending_tl{,#2=true}},
+    #3 / false .code:n = {\tl_put_right:Nn\knowledge_configuration_pending_tl{,#2=false}},
+    #3 .default:n = {true}
+ }
+  \keys_define:nn{ knowledge~configuration~options }{
+    #2 .choice:,
+    #2 / true .code:n = {\bool_if:NF#1{\bool_set_true:N#1#4}},
+    #2 / false .code:n = {\bool_if:NT#1{\bool_set_false:N#1#5}},
+    #2 .default:n = {true}
+ }}
+
+\NewDocumentCommand\KnowledgePackageBooleanOption{om}{
+ \tl_set:Nn\l_tmpa_tl{#2}
+ \tl_remove_all:Nn\l_tmpa_tl{~}
+ \IfNoValueTF{#1}
+  {\bool_new:c{knowledge_configuration_#2_bool}
+    \exp_args:NcnV\knowledge_KnowledgePackageBooleanOption:Nnn
+        {knowledge_configuration_#2_bool}{#2}\l_tmpa_tl}
+   {\exp_args:NNnV\knowledge_KnowledgePackageBooleanOption:Nnn
+        #1{#2}\l_tmpa_tl}
+ }
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_KnowledgePackageBooleanOption:Nnn{
+ \keys_define:nn{ knowledge~package~options }{
+    #3 .choice:,
+    #3 / true .code:n = {\bool_set_true:N#1},
+    #3 / false .code:n = {\bool_set_false:N#1},
+    #3 .default:n = {true}
+ }
+  \keys_define:nn{ knowledge~configuration~options }{
+    #2 .code:n = {\OPTION_CANNOT_BE_USED_IN_knowledgeconfigure}
+ }}
+
+\NewDocumentCommand\KnowledgeConfigureTrigger{omm}{
+  \IfNoValueTF{#1}
+    {\tl_set:Nn\l_tmpa_tl{#2}
+      \tl_remove_all:Nn\l_tmpa_tl{~}
+    \exp_args:NNV\KnowledgeConfigureTrigger[\l_tmpa_tl]{#2}{#3}}
+  {\keys_define:nn { knowledge~configuration~options }
+     { #2 .code:n = {#3} }
+  \keys_define:nn { knowledge~package~options }
+     { #1 .code:n = {\tl_put_right:Nn\knowledge_configuration_pending_tl{,#2={##1}} }}
+  }
+}
+\NewDocumentCommand\KnowledgeConfigureOption{mm}{
+  \keys_define:nn { knowledge~configuration~options }
+     { #1 .code:n = {#2} }
+}
+\NewDocumentCommand\knowledgeconfigure{m}{
+  \keys_set:nn{ knowledge~configuration~options }{#1}
+}
+\bool_new:N\knowledge_configuration_quotation_bool
+\KnowledgeConfigureBooleanOptionTF[\knowledge_configuration_quotation_bool]{quotation}{\klactivatequotation}{\kldeactivatequotation}
+\KnowledgeConfigureOption{protect~quotation}{\kl_protect_environment_quotation:n{#1}}
+\bool_new:N\knowledge_configuration_visibleAP_bool
+\KnowledgeConfigureBooleanOption[\knowledge_configuration_visibleAP_bool]{visible~anchor~points}\KnowledgeConfigureBooleanOption[\knowledge_configuration_visibleAP_bool]{visible~AP}
+\bool_new:N\knowledge_hyperlinks_active_bool
+\bool_set_true:N\knowledge_hyperlinks_active_bool
+
+\tl_set:Nn\knowledge_option_mode_tl{}
+\KnowledgePackageTrigger{ paper }{\tl_set:Nn\knowledge_option_mode_tl{paper}}
+\KnowledgePackageTrigger{ electronic }{\tl_set:Nn\knowledge_option_mode_tl{electronic}}
+\KnowledgePackageTrigger{ composition }{\tl_set:Nn\knowledge_option_mode_tl{composition}}
+\KnowledgePackageTrigger{ final }{\tl_set:Nn\knowledge_option_mode_tl{final}}
+\KnowledgeConfigureTrigger{ fix~hyperref~twocolumn }
+  {\knowledgeFixHyperrefTwocolumn}
+\KnowledgeConfigureTrigger{ notion }
+  {\KnowledgeConfigureNotion}
+\KnowledgeConfigureTrigger{ protect~links }
+  {\kl_kl_nesting_incr:}
+\KnowledgeConfigureTrigger{ unprotect~links }
+  {\kl_kl_nesting_decr:}
+\cs_new_eq:Nc\package_if_loaded:nTF{@ifpackageloaded}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_option_aci_test_loaded:n{
+  \bool_new:c{knowledge_#1_active_bool}
+  \bool_new:c{knowledge_#1_syntax_bool}
+  \package_if_loaded:nTF{#1}
+   {\bool_set_true:c{knowledge_#1_active_bool}
+    \bool_set_true:c{knowledge_#1_syntax_bool}}
+   {\bool_set_false:c{knowledge_#1_active_bool}
+    \bool_set_false:c{knowledge_#1_syntax_bool}}
+}
+\knowledge_option_aci_test_loaded:n{hyperref}
+\knowledge_option_aci_test_loaded:n{xcolor}
+\knowledge_option_aci_test_loaded:n{makeidx}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_option_aci_define:n{
+  \keys_define:nn{ knowledge~package~options } {
+  #1 .choice: ,
+  #1 / active .code:n = {
+     \bool_set_true:c{knowledge_#1_active_bool}
+     \bool_set_true:c{knowledge_#1_syntax_bool}},
+  #1 / compatibility .code:n = {
+     \bool_set_false:c{knowledge_#1_active_bool}
+     \bool_set_true:c{knowledge_#1_syntax_bool}},
+  #1 / inactive .code:n = {
+     \bool_set_false:c{knowledge_#1_active_bool}
+     \bool_set_false:c{knowledge_#1_syntax_bool}},
+  #1 .default:n = {active}
+  }}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_option_bool_new:nN{
+  \keys_define:nn{ knowledge~package~options } {
+  #1 .choice: ,
+  #1 / true .code:n = { \bool_gset_true:N#2 },
+  #1 / false .code:n = { \bool_gset_false:N#2 },
+  #1 .default:n = {true}
+  }
+}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_option_bool_new:n
+  {\bool_new:c{knowledge_option_#1_bool}
+  \exp_args:Nnc\knowledge_option_bool_new:nN{#1}{knowledge_option_#1_bool}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_option_aci_autoload:nn{
+   \bool_if:cTF{knowledge_#1_active_bool}
+     {\package_if_loaded:nTF{#1}{}
+        {\RequirePackage[#2]{#1}}}{}
+}
+\knowledge_option_bool_new:n{scope}
+\knowledge_option_aci_define:n{hyperref}
+\knowledge_option_aci_define:n{xcolor}
+\knowledge_option_aci_define:n{makeidx}
+\ProcessKeysOptions{knowledge~package~options}
+\tl_if_exist:NTF\knowledgepackagemode
+  {}{\tl_set:Nn\knowledgepackagemode{}}
+
+\tl_if_empty:NTF\knowledgepackagemode
+  {\tl_if_empty:NTF\knowledge_option_mode_tl
+    {\tl_set:Nn\knowledge_option_mode_tl{composition}}
+    {}}
+  {\tl_if_empty:NTF\knowledge_option_mode_tl
+    {\tl_set_eq:NN\knowledge_option_mode_tl\knowledgepackagemode}
+    {\knowledge_info:n{Knowledge~mode~overriden~by~user.}
+     \tl_set_eq:NN\knowledge_option_mode_tl\knowledgepackagemode
+    }}
+
+\bool_new:N\knowledge_option_composition_bool
+\bool_set_false:N\knowledge_option_composition_bool
+\bool_new:N\knowledge_option_electronic_bool
+\bool_set_false:N\knowledge_option_electronic_bool
+\bool_new:N\knowledge_option_paper_bool
+\bool_set_false:N\knowledge_option_paper_bool
+
+\keys_define:nn{ knowledge~package~modes }{
+  paper .code:n = {
+     \bool_set_true:N\knowledge_option_paper_bool
+     \bool_set_false:N\knowledge_configuration_visibleAP_bool
+     },
+  electronic .code:n = {
+     \bool_set_true:N\knowledge_option_electronic_bool
+     \bool_set_false:N\knowledge_configuration_visibleAP_bool
+     },
+  composition .code:n = {
+     \bool_set_true:N\knowledge_option_composition_bool
+     \bool_set_true:N\knowledge_configuration_visibleAP_bool
+     },
+  final .code:n = { \knowledge_warning:x{Mode~`final`~is~deprecated,~
+       and~should~be~replaced~by~mode~`paper`.}
+       \tl_set:Nn\knowledge_option_mode_tl{paper}
+       \keys_set:nn{knowledge~package~modes}{paper}},
+  unknown .code:n =
+      {\knowledge_warning:x{Unknown~mode~`\l_keys_key_tl`.}
+       \tl_set:Nn\knowledge_option_mode_tl{ composition }
+       \keys_set:nV{ knowledge~package~modes }{ composition }}
+}
+\keys_set:nV{ knowledge~package~modes }\knowledge_option_mode_tl
+\knowledge_option_aci_autoload:nn{ hyperref }{hidelinks}
+\knowledge_option_aci_autoload:nn{ xcolor }{}
+\knowledge_option_aci_autoload:nn{ makeidx }{}
+\tl_gset:Nn\scope_tl{SC@PE:}
+\tl_gset:Nn\scopept_tl{K@UX:}
+\seq_new:N\scope_instances_stack_seq
+\tl_new:N\scope_top_instance_tl
+\tl_new:N\scope_top_area_tl
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_area_create:n
+ {\group_begin:
+  \tl_set:Nx\self{\scope_tl.area[#1]}
+  %
+  \scope_category_add_area:nn{all}{#1}
+  %
+  \tl_gset:cn{\self.name_tl}{#1}
+  \seq_new:c{\self.category_seq}
+  \seq_gpush:cn{\self.category_seq}{all}
+  \seq_gpush:cn{\self.category_seq}{#1}
+  \bool_gset_false:c{\self.autoclose_bool}
+  \bool_gset_true:c{\self.multiple_bool}
+  \bool_gset_true:c{\self.attractsknowledge_bool}
+  \bool_gset_true:c{\self.acceptsknowledge_bool}
+  \tl_gset:cn{\self.pushcode_tl}{}
+  \tl_gset:cn{\self.popcode_tl}{}
+  \tl_gset:cn{\self.forces_tl}{}
+  \seq_new:c{\self.mandatorybase_seq}
+  \int_new:c{\self.count_int}
+  \int_gset:cn{\self.count_int}{0}
+  \int_new:c{\self.nesting_int}
+  \int_gset:cn{\self.nesting_int}{0}
+  %
+  \scope_category_if_exist:nTF{#1}
+    {}{\scope_category_create:n{#1}
+        \seq_gpush:cn{\scope_tl.category[#1].areas_seq}{#1}}
+  \group_end:
+}
+\cs_new:Npn\scope_area_if_exist:nTF#1
+  {\tl_if_exist:cTF{\scope_tl.area[#1].name_tl}}
+\cs_new:Npn\scope_area_if_in_scope:nTF#1
+  {\int_compare:nNnTF
+    {\use:c{\scope_tl.area[#1].nesting_int}}>0}
+\msg_new:nnn{scope}{area~exists}{Area~already~exists~'#1'.}
+\msg_new:nnn{scope}{area~not~exist}{Area~does~not~exist~'#1'.}
+\NewDocumentCommand\ScopeConfigure{mm}
+  {\scope_area_set:nn{#1}{#2}}
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_area_set:nn
+   {\clist_map_inline:nn{#1}
+      {\scope_area_set_i:nn{##1}{#2}}}
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_area_set_i:nn {
+  \scope_area_if_exist:nTF{#1}
+    {}{\scope_area_create:n{#1}}
+  \group_begin:
+     \tl_set:Nx\scope_area_tl{#1}
+     \tl_set:Nx\self{\scope_tl.area[\scope_area_tl]}
+     \keys_set:nn{ scope~area~set }{#2}
+  \group_end:}
+\keys_define:nn{ scope~area~set } {
+  category .code:n =
+    {\clist_map_inline:nn{#1}
+      {\scope_category_ensure:n{##1}
+       \seq_gpush:cV
+          {\scope_tl.category[##1].areas_seq}\scope_area_tl
+     }},
+  autoclose .choice:,
+  autoclose / false .code:n =
+    {\bool_gset_false:c{\self.autoclose_bool}},
+  autoclose / true .code:n =
+    {\bool_gset_true:c{\self.autoclose_bool}},
+  parents .code:n =
+    {\seq_gset_from_clist:cn{\self.mandatorybase_seq}{#1}},
+  push~code .code:n =
+    {\tl_gput_right:cn{\self.pushcode_tl}{#1}},
+  pop~code .code:n =
+    {\tl_gput_right:cn{\self.popcode_tl}{#1}},
+  occurrences .choice:,
+  occurrences / once .code:n =
+   {\bool_gset_false:c{\self.multiple_bool}
+    \bool_gset_false:c{\self.recursive_bool}},
+  occurrences / multiple .code:n = {
+    \bool_gset_true:c{\self.multiple_bool}
+    \bool_gset_false:c{\self.recursive_bool}},
+  occurrences / recursive .code:n = {
+    \bool_gset_true:c{\self.multiple_bool}
+    \bool_gset_true:c{\self.recursive_bool}},
+  knowledge .choice:,
+  knowledge / none .code:n = {
+    \bool_gset_false:c{\self.acceptsknowledge_bool}
+    \bool_gset_false:c{\self.attractsknowledge_bool}},
+  knowledge / accepts .code:n = {
+    \bool_gset_true:c{\self.acceptsknowledge_bool}
+    \bool_gset_false:c{\self.attractsknowledge_bool}},
+  knowledge / attracts .code:n = {
+    \bool_gset_true:c{\self.acceptsknowledge_bool}
+    \bool_gset_true:c{\self.attractsknowledge_bool}},
+  forces .code:n =
+    {\tl_gset:cn{\self.forces_tl}{#1}}
+}
+\cs_new:Npn\scope_category_if_exist:nTF#1
+  {\tl_if_exist:cTF{\scope_tl.category[#1].name_tl}}
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_category_ensure:n
+  {\scope_category_if_exist:nTF
+    {#1}{}{\scope_category_create:n{#1}}}
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_category_create:n
+  {\tl_gset:cn{\scope_tl.category[#1].name_tl}{#1}
+   \seq_new:c{\scope_tl.category[#1].areas_seq}}
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_category_add_area:nn
+  {\scope_category_ensure:n{#1}
+   \seq_gpush:cn{\scope_tl.category[#1].areas_seq}{#2}}
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_category_use:n
+  {\seq_use:cn{\scope_tl.category[#1].areas_seq},}
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_category_show:n
+  {\seq_show:c{\scope_tl.category[#1].areas_seq}}
+\cs_new:Npn\scope_instance_if_exist:nTF#1
+   {\tl_if_exist:cTF{\scope_tl.instance[#1].area_tl}}
+\cs_new:Npn\scopept_instance_if_exist:nTF#1
+   {\tl_if_exist:cTF{\scopept_tl.instance[#1].area_tl}}
+\cs_new:Npn\scopept_label_if_exist:nTF#1
+   {\tl_if_exist:cTF{\scopept_tl.label[#1].instance_tl}}
+\tl_new:N\scope_pushed_area_tl
+\tl_new:N\scope_popped_area_tl
+\msg_new:nnn{scope}{empty~pop}
+  {Attempt~to~pop~an~empty~area~stack.}
+\msg_new:nnn{scope}{no~pushing~here}
+  {Not~allowed~to~open~'\scope_pushed_area_tl'~here.~
+   Current~stack~is~<\seq_use:Nn\scope_instances_stack_seq{::}>.}
+\msg_new:nnn{scope}{no~popping}
+  {Not~allowed~to~close~'\scope_popped_area_tl'.}
+\msg_new:nnn{scope}{no~popping~here}
+  {Not~allowed~to~close~'\scope_popped_area_tl'~here~(at~'\scope_top_area_tl').}
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_area_pop:n {
+  \tl_gset:Nn\scope_popped_area_tl{#1}
+  \bool_if:cTF{\scope_tl.area[\scope_popped_area_tl].autoclose_bool}
+    {\msg_error:nn{scope}{no~popping}}
+    {\scope_area_pop_i:}}
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_area_pop_i: {
+  \tl_if_eq:NNTF\scope_top_area_tl\scope_popped_area_tl
+    {\scope_internal_pop:}
+    {\bool_if:cTF{\scope_tl.area[\scope_top_area_tl].autoclose_bool}
+        {\scope_internal_pop:
+         \scope_area_pop_i:}
+        {\msg_error:nn{scope}{no~popping~here}}}}
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_internal_pop: {
+  \use:c{\scope_tl.area[\scope_top_area_tl].popcode_tl}
+  \seq_gpop:NNTF\scope_instances_stack_seq\scope_top_instance_tl
+     {\int_gdecr:c{\scope_tl.area[\scope_top_area_tl].nesting_int}
+     \exp_args:NV\knowledge_pop_visible_instances_to:n\scope_top_instance_tl
+     \seq_get:NN\scope_instances_stack_seq\scope_top_instance_tl
+     \tl_gset_eq:NN\scope_top_instance_tl\scope_top_instance_tl
+     \tl_gset:Nx\scope_top_area_tl
+        {\tl_use:c{\scope_tl.instance[\scope_top_instance_tl].area_tl}}}
+    {\msg_error:nnn{scope}{empty~pop}{}}
+ }
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_area_push:n {
+  \tl_gset:Nn\scope_pushed_area_tl{#1}
+  \scope_area_push_i:n{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_area_push_i:n {
+  \tl_if_empty:cTF{\scope_tl.area[#1].forces_tl}
+    {}
+    {\exp_args:Nx\scope_area_if_in_scope:nTF
+      {\tl_use:c{\scope_tl.area[#1].forces_tl}}
+      {}
+      {\exp_args:Nx\scope_area_push_i:n
+         {\tl_use:c{\scope_tl.area[#1].forces_tl}}}}
+  \scope_area_push_ii:n{#1}
+}
+\cs_new:Npn\scope_if_area_in_areaclist:nnTF#1
+  {\exp_args:NnV\clist_if_in:nnTF{#1}\scope_top_area_tl}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_category_expand:n
+  {\clist_use:x{
+     \clist_map:nN{#1}{
+        \seq_use:c{\scope_tl.category[#1].areas_seq},}}}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_categories_expand:n
+  {\clist_map_function:nN{#1}\scope_category_expand:n}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_if_area_in_categoryclist:nnTF
+  {\group_begin:
+     \tl_set:Nx\l_tmpa_tl
+       {\clist_map_function:nN{#2}\scope_category_areas_use:n}
+    \bool_set_false:N\l_tmpa_bool
+    \clist_map_inline:nn{#2}
+      {\scope_category_areas_if_in:nnTF{##1}{#1}
+        {\bool_set_true:N\l_tmpa_bool\seq_map_break:}{}}
+     \bool_if:NTF\l_tmpa_bool
+        {\group_end:#3}
+        {\group_end:#4}
+  }
+
+\cs_new:Npn\scope_category_if_area_in:nnTF#1#2
+  {\exp_args:Nnx\seq_if_in:cnTF
+     {\scope_tl.category[#1].areas_seq}{#2}}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_categoryseq_if_area_in:NnTF
+  { \seq_if_empty:NTF#1
+    {#3}
+    {\group_begin:
+      \bool_set_false:N\l_tmpa_bool
+      \seq_map_inline:Nn#1
+        {\seq_if_in:cnTF{\scope_tl.category[##1].areas_seq}{#2}
+            {\bool_set_true:N\l_tmpa_bool\seq_map_break:}{}}
+       \bool_if:NTF\l_tmpa_bool
+          {\group_end:#3}
+          {\group_end:#4}
+  }}
+
+\cs_new:Npn\scope_area_mandatorybase_if_area_in:nnTF#1
+  {\exp_args:Nc\scope_categoryseq_if_area_in:NnTF
+     {\scope_tl.area[#1].mandatorybase_seq}}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_categoryseq_pop_to:N
+  {\exp_args:NNx\scope_categoryseq_if_area_in:NnTF#1{\scope_top_area_tl}
+   {}{\scope_auto_pop:\scope_categoryseq_pop_to:N#1}}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_categoryseq_pop_to:n
+  {\group_begin:
+      \seq_set_from_clist:Nn\l_tmpa_seq{#1}
+      \scope_categoryseq_pop_to:N\l_tmpa_seq
+   \group_end:}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_area_push_ii:n {
+  \seq_if_empty:cTF{\scope_tl.area[#1].mandatorybase_seq}
+     {\scope_internal_push:n{#1}}
+     {\exp_args:Nnx\use:n
+          {\scope_area_mandatorybase_if_area_in:nnTF{#1}}
+          {\scope_top_area_tl}
+          {\scope_internal_push:n{#1}}
+          {\scope_auto_pop:
+           \scope_area_push_ii:n{#1}}}
+  }
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_internal_push:n {
+  \tl_gset:Nn\scope_top_area_tl{#1}
+  \int_gincr:c{\scope_tl.area[\scope_top_area_tl].nesting_int}
+  \int_gincr:c{\scope_tl.area[\scope_top_area_tl].count_int}
+  % storing the previous top instance
+  \tl_set_eq:NN\l_tmpa_tl\scope_top_instance_tl
+  %naming the new instance
+  \bool_if:cTF{\scope_tl.area[\scope_top_area_tl].multiple_bool}
+    {\tl_gset:Nx\scope_top_instance_tl
+         {\scope_top_area_tl-\int_to_arabic:n{\int_use:c{\scope_tl.area[\scope_top_area_tl].count_int}}}}
+    {\tl_gset_eq:NN\scope_top_instance_tl\scope_top_area_tl}
+  %
+  \exp_args:Nx\knowledge_push_visible_instance:n{\scope_top_instance_tl}
+  \seq_push:Nx\scope_instances_stack_seq{\scope_top_instance_tl}
+  %
+  \tl_gset:cx
+     {\scope_tl.instance[\scope_top_instance_tl].area_tl}
+     {\scope_top_area_tl}
+  \tl_gset:cx
+     {\scope_tl.instance[\scope_top_instance_tl].parent_tl}
+     {\l_tmpa_tl}
+  %
+  \seq_if_exist:cTF{\scopept_tl.instance[\l_tmpa_tl].context_seq}
+    {\seq_set_eq:Nc\l_tmpa_seq{\scopept_tl.instance[\l_tmpa_tl].context_seq}}
+    {\seq_clear_new:N\l_tmpa_seq}
+  \exp_args:NNx\seq_gpush:Nn
+    \l_tmpa_seq{\scope_top_instance_tl}
+  \seq_gset_eq:cN
+    {\scopept_tl.instance[\scope_top_instance_tl].context_seq}
+    \l_tmpa_seq
+  %
+  \KAuxWriteX
+    {\KAuxScopeNewInstance{\scope_top_area_tl}{\scope_top_instance_tl}{\l_tmpa_tl}}
+  %
+  \tl_use:c{\scope_tl.area[\scope_top_area_tl].pushcode_tl}
+}
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_auto_pop: {
+ \bool_if:cTF{\scope_tl.area[\scope_top_area_tl].autoclose_bool}
+    {\scope_internal_pop:}
+    {\msg_error:nn{scope}{no~pushing~here}}
+  }
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_get_attractive_instance:N
+{\tl_set:Nn#1{base}
+  \seq_map_inline:Nn\scope_instances_stack_seq
+    {\bool_if:cTF
+      {\scope_tl.area[\tl_use:c{\scope_tl.instance[##1].area_tl}].attractsknowledge_bool}
+      {\tl_set:Nn#1{##1}\seq_map_break:}{}}
+}
+\bool_new:N\scopept_map_break_bool
+\cs_new:Nn\scopept_map_break:
+  {\bool_set_true:N\scopept_map_break_bool}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\scopept_map_instance_ancestors:nN
+  {\bool_set_false:N\scopept_map_break_bool
+   \scope_map_instance_ancestors_i:nN{#1}#2
+  }
+\cs_new:Nn\scopept_map_instance_ancestors_i:nN
+{ \tl_if_empty:nTF{#1}
+  {}
+  {\scopept_instance_if_exist:nTF{#1}{
+     #2{#1}
+     \bool_if:NTF\scopept_map_break_bool
+       {}
+       {\exp_args:Nx\scopept_map_instance_ancestors_i:nN
+         {\scopept_instance_parent_at:Nn\tl_use:N{#1}}#2}}
+  {}}}
+\cs_new:Nn\scopept_map_instances_seq_ancestors:NN
+  {\seq_map_inline:Nn#1
+    {\scopept_map_instance_ancestors_i:nN{##1}#2
+     \bool_if:NTF\scopept_map_break_bool:{\seq_map_break:}{}}
+}
+\NewDocumentCommand\scopeLabel{m}
+  { \kl_hide_begin:
+    \scope_get_attractive_instance:N\l_tmpb_tl
+    \KAuxWriteX*{\exp_not:n{\KAuxScopeLabel{#1}}{\l_tmpb_tl}}
+    \kl_hide_end:
+    \cs_if_exist:NTF\LaTeXlabel\LaTeXlabel\use_none:n{#1}}
+\let\label\scopeLabel
+\NewKAuxCommand\KAuxScopeNewInstance{mmm}
+  {Package~scope:~Declares~a~new~instance~of~a~scope.}
+\DeclareKAuxPhaseCommand\KAuxScopeNewInstance{init}
+  {\tl_gset:cn{\scopept_tl.instance[#2].area_tl}{#1}
+   \tl_gset:cn{\scopept_tl.instance[#2].parent_tl}{#3}}
+\NewKAuxCommand\KAuxScopeLabel{mm}
+  {Package~scope:~Links~a~label~to~the~scope~of~its~definition.}
+\DeclareKAuxPhaseCommand\KAuxScopeLabel{init}
+  {\tl_gset:cn{\scopept_tl.label[#1].instance_tl}{#2}}
+\cs_new:Npn\scopept_label_instance_if_exist:nTF#1
+  {\tl_if_exist:cTF{\scopept_tl.label[#1].instance_tl}}
+\cs_new:Nn\scopept_label_instance_use:n
+  {\tl_use:c{\scopept_tl.label[#1].instance_tl}}
+\NewDocumentCommand\ScopeHackEnvironments{}
+ { %\ScopeActivate
+   \scope_area_push:n{document}
+   \kutils_secure_latex_command:N\begin
+   \global\let\SUPERbegin\begin
+   \global\def\begin##1
+     {\scope_area_if_exist:nTF{##1}
+        {\scope_area_push:n{##1}}{}
+     \SUPERbegin{##1}}
+   \kutils_secure_latex_command:N\end
+   \global\let\SUPERend\end
+   \global\def\end##1
+    {\SUPERend{##1}
+     \scope_area_if_exist:nTF{##1}
+       {\scope_area_pop:n{##1}}
+       {}}
+   \kutils_secure_latex_command:N\label
+   \let\label\scopeLabel
+}
+\NewDocumentCommand\ScopeActivate{}{
+  \scope_internal_push:n{base}
+  \cs_gset_eq:NN\ScopeActivate\relax
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\ScopeActivate}
+\scope_area_set:nn{knowledge~context~internal}
+{
+    occurrences = recursive,
+    autoclose = false,
+    parents= {base,all},
+    knowledge=attracts
+}
+\scope_area_set:nn{knowledge~import~internal}
+{
+    occurrences = recursive,
+    autoclose = false,
+    parents= {base,all},
+    knowledge = accepts
+}
+\NewDocumentEnvironment{knowledge~import}{m}
+  {\ScopeActivate\scope_area_push:n{knowledge~import~internal}
+   \clist_map_inline:nn{#1}{\knowledgeimport{##1}}}
+  {\scope_area_pop:n{knowledge~import~internal}}
+\NewDocumentEnvironment{knowledge~context}{m}
+  {\ScopeActivate\scope_area_push:n{knowledge~context~internal}
+    \scopeLabel{#1}}
+  {\scope_area_pop:n{knowledge~context~internal}}
+\NewDocumentCommand\knowledgescopingenvironment{>{\SplitList{,}} m}
+ {  \cs_set:Nn\l_tmpa_cs:n
+      {\scope_area_set:nn{##1}
+       {autoclose=false,
+        occurrences=recursive,
+        knowledge=attracts,
+        parents=all}}
+    \ProcessList{#1}\l_tmpa_cs:n
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\ScopeHackEnvironments}
+\AtEndDocument{\scope_area_pop:n{document}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_scope_default:{
+  \scope_area_set:nn{base}
+    {occurrences = once,
+     autoclose = false}
+  \scope_area_set:nn{document}
+    {autoclose = false,
+     occurrences = once,
+     parents = base}
+  \scope_area_set:nn{body}
+    {autoclose = true,
+     occurrences = once,
+     parents = document}
+  \scope_area_set:nn
+    {base,document}{knowledge=accepts}
+  \scope_area_set:nn
+    {base,document}{knowledge=attracts}
+  \scope_area_set:nn
+    {body}{knowledge=none}
+  %
+  \newenvironment{scope}
+     {\mode_if_preamble:TF{\scope_area_push:n{scope}}{}}
+     {\mode_if_preamble:TF{\scope_area_pop:n{scope}}{}}
+  \knowledgescopingenvironment{scope}
+}
+\knowledge_scope_default:
+\KAuxBefore{\KAuxProcess{init}}
+\KAuxInit{}
+\KAuxAfter{\KnowledgeDiagnoseOutput}
+\iow_new:N\knowledge_diagnosefile_iow
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_diagnose:n
+   {\iow_now:Nn\knowledge_diagnosefile_iow{#1}}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\knowledge_diagnose:n{x}
+
+\NewDocumentCommand\KnowledgeDiagnoseOutput{}{
+   \iow_open:Nn\knowledge_diagnosefile_iow{\c_job_name_tl.diagnose}
+   % compute first the list of warnings and important information
+   \KAuxProcess{diagnose~digest}
+   %
+   \knowledge_diagnose:n{***********}
+   \knowledge_diagnose:n{*~Summary~*}
+   \knowledge_diagnose:n{***********}
+   \knowledge_diagnose:n{}
+   \knowledge_diagnose:x{\int_use:N\kl_digest_unknownknowledge_int\space undefined~knowledge(s).}
+   \knowledge_diagnose:x{\int_use:N\kl_digest_autoreftwiceintro_int\space autoreference(s)~are~introduced~twice.}
+   \knowledge_diagnose:x{\int_use:N\kl_digest_autorefnointro_int\space autoreference(s)~are~used~but~not~introduced.}
+   \knowledge_diagnose:n{}
+   \knowledge_diagnose:x{\int_use:N\kl_digest_autorefused_int\space autoreference(s)~are~properly~used.}
+   \knowledge_diagnose:x{\int_use:N\kl_digest_autorefunused_int\space autoreference(s)~are~defined~but~not~used.}
+   \knowledge_diagnose:n{}
+   \knowledge_diagnose:n{}
+   %
+   \int_compare:nNnT\kl_digest_unknownknowledge_int>0{
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{************************}
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{*~Undefined~knowledges~*}
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{************************}
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{}
+     \KAuxProcess{diagnose-unknown-suggest}
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{}
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{}}
+   %
+   \int_compare:nNnT\kl_digest_autoreftwiceintro_int>0{
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{****************************}
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{*~Autoref~introduced~twice~*}
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{****************************}
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{}
+     \KAuxProcess{autoref~introduced~twice}
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{}
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{}}
+   %
+   \int_compare:nNnT\kl_digest_autorefnointro_int>0{
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{******************************}
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{*~Autoref~used~without~intro~*}
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{******************************}
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{}
+     \KAuxProcess{autoref~not~introduced}
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{}
+     \knowledge_diagnose:n{}}
+   %
+   \iffalse
+   \knowledge_diagnose:n{***********************}
+   \knowledge_diagnose:n{*~Exported~knowledges~*}
+   \knowledge_diagnose:n{***********************}
+   \knowledge_diagnose:n{}
+   \KAuxProcess{diagnose-export}
+   \knowledge_diagnose:n{}
+   \fi%
+   \iow_close:N\knowledge_diagnosefile_iow
+}
+\tl_set:Nn\knowledge_knowledge_default_namespace_tl {default}
+\makeatother
+\cell_new_type:nnn{knowledge}{nnnn}{KL@#2@#3@\detokenize{#4}_#1}
+\cell_new_type:nnn{knowledge}{nnn}{\knowledge_id:nnnn{}{#1}{#2}{#3}}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\knowledge_id:nnn{nnV,nVV,nVn}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\knowledge_at:Nnnn{NnnV}
+\cs_new:Npn\knowledge_at:c{\exp_args:Nc\knowledge_at:N}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_sets_to:nnn
+  {\cs_set:Nx\knowledge_at:N
+     {##1\exp_not:c{\knowledge_id:nnn{#1}{#2}{#3}}}}
+\tuple_new:n{ktuple}
+\NewDocumentCommand\NewKnowledgeParamBool{smm}{
+    \ktuple_new_bool_index:n{#2}
+    \use:c{ktuple_#2_expands_to:TF}
+      {\bool_set_true:N#3}{\bool_set_false:N#3}
+     %
+     \keys_define:nn { knowledgenow~directives }{
+     #2 .choice:,
+     #2 / false .code:n =
+          { \knowledge_at:c{ktuple_#2_gset_false:N}},
+     #2 / true .code:n =
+          { \knowledge_at:c{ktuple_#2_gset_true:N} },
+     #2 / default .code:n =
+          { \knowledge_at:c{ktuple_#2_gdel:N}},
+     #2 .default:n = {true}
+     }
+     \IfBooleanTF{#1}{\KnowledgeTransferBool{#2}}{}
+}
+\NewDocumentCommand\KnowledgeTransferBool{m}{
+  \clist_map_inline:nn{ #1 }{
+     \keys_define:nn { knowledge~directives }{
+      ##1 .choice:,
+      ##1 / false .code:n = { \knowledge_delay_directive:n{##1= false}},
+      ##1 / true .code:n = { \knowledge_delay_directive:n{##1= true}},
+      ##1 / default .code:n = { \knowledge_delay_directive:n{##1= default}},
+      ##1 .default:n = true
+    }}
+}
+\NewDocumentCommand\NewKnowledgeParamTl{smm}{
+  \ktuple_new_tl_index:n{#2}
+  \use:c{ktuple_#2_expands_to:n}
+       {\tl_set:Nn#3{##1}}
+  %
+  \keys_define:nn { knowledgenow~directives }{
+  #2 .code:n =
+    { \knowledge_at:c{ktuple_#2_gset:Nn}{##1} },
+  #2~X .code:n =
+    { \knowledge_at:c{ktuple_#2_gset:Nx}{##1} },
+  no~#2 .code:n =
+    { \knowledge_at:c{ktuple_#2_gdel:N} }}
+  \IfBooleanTF{#1}{\KnowledgeTransferTl{#2}}{}
+}
+\NewDocumentCommand\KnowledgeTransferTl{m}
+  {\keys_define:nn { knowledge~directives }
+     {#1 .code:n =  {\knowledge_delay_directive:n{#1={##1}}}}}
+\NewDocumentCommand\NewKnowledgeParamCode{mm}{
+    \ktuple_new_tl_index:n{#1}
+    \use:c{ktuple_#1_expands_to:n}
+       {\tl_set:Nn#2{##1}}
+     %
+    \keys_define:nn { knowledgenow~directives }{
+     #1 .code:n =
+          { \knowledge_at:c
+              {ktuple_#1_gset:Nn}{##1} },
+     #1+ .code:n =
+          { \knowledge_at:c
+              {ktuple_#1_gput_right:Nn}{##1} },
+    +#1 .code:n =
+          { \knowledge_at:c
+              {ktuple_#1_gput_left:Nn}{##1} }
+}}
+\NewDocumentCommand\NewKnowledgeParamPackageError{mm}
+{ \clist_map_inline:nn{#1}{
+      \keys_define:nn { knowledge~directives }{
+      ##1 .code:n = {
+         \msg_error:nnnn{ knowledge }{ package~required }{##1}{#2}}
+ }}}
+\msg_new:nnn{ knowledge }{ package~required }
+  {In~order~to~use~directive~'#1',~please~load~package~or~use~option~'#2'.}
+\tl_new:N\knowledge_current_instance_tl
+\tl_gset:Nn\knowledge_current_instance_tl{base}
+\seq_new:N\knowledge_visible_instances_seq
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_push_visible_instance:n
+  {\seq_gpush:Nn\knowledge_visible_instances_seq{#1}}
+\cs_new:Npn\knowledge_pop_visible_instance:
+  {\seq_gpop:NN\knowledge_visible_instances_seq\g_tmpa_tl}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_pop_visible_instances_to:n
+  {\seq_gpop:NNTF\knowledge_visible_instances_seq\g_tmpa_tl
+       {\exp_args:NV\tl_if_eq:nnTF\g_tmpa_tl{#1}
+            {}
+            {\knowledge_pop_visible_instances_to:n{#1}}}
+       {\INTERNAL_ERROR_EMPTY_POP_VISIBLE}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_show_visible_instances:
+  {\tl_show:x
+    {Visible~instances~<\seq_use:Nn\knowledge_visible_instances_seq{,}>}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_import_instance:n
+  {\seq_if_in:NnTF\knowledge_visible_instances_seq{#1}
+      {}{\knowledge_push_visible_instance:n{#1}}}
+\NewDocumentCommand\knowledgeimport{m}
+  {\kl_hide_begin:
+   \scopept_label_instance_if_exist:nTF{#1}
+    {\exp_args:Nx\knowledge_import_instance:n{\scopept_label_instance_use:n{#1}}}
+    {}
+   \kl_hide_end:
+}
+\cs_if_exist:NTF\knowledge_track_instance:n{}
+   {\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_track_instance:n{base}}
+\keys_define:nn { knowledge~directives } {
+  namespace .code:n = { \tl_set:Nn\knowledge_knowledge_namespace_tl{#1} },
+  force .choice:,
+  force / false .code:n = {\bool_set_false:N\knowledge_knowledge_force_bool},
+  force / true .code:n = {\bool_set_true:N\knowledge_knowledge_force_bool},
+  force .default:n = false,
+  clear .choice:,
+  clear / false .code:n = {\bool_set_false:N\knowledge_knowledge_clear_bool},
+  clear / true .code:n = {\bool_set_true:N\knowledge_knowledge_clear_bool},
+  clear .default:n = false,
+  export .choice:,
+  export / false .code:n = {\bool_set_false:N\knowledge_knowledge_export_bool},
+  export / true .code:n = {\bool_set_true:N\knowledge_knowledge_export_bool},
+  export .default:n = false,
+  instance .code:n =
+     { \tl_set:Nn\knowledge_knowledge_instance_tl{#1} },
+  scope .code:n =
+     { \tl_set:Nx\knowledge_knowledge_instance_tl{\knowledge_track_instance:n{#1}}},
+  synonym .code:n =
+     { \exp_args:Nnx\keys_set:nn { knowledge~directives }
+          {link={\exp_not:o\knowledge_knowledge_synonym_tl}}}
+}
+\msg_new:nnn{ knowledge }{ knowledge~exists }
+  { The~knowledge~'#1'~in~scope~'#2'~(namespace~'#3')~already~exists. }
+\NewKAuxCommand\KAuxKnowledge{mmmm}
+  {Package~knowledge:~Declares~a~knowledge.~
+   Takes~the~{namespace}{instance}{knowledge}{directives}.}
+\DeclareKAuxPhaseCommand\KAuxKnowledge{init}
+  {\knowledge_set_now:nnnn{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\NewKAuxCommand\KAuxExport{mmmm}
+  {Package~knowledge:~undefined~so~far.}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_set_now:nnnn
+ {\knowledge_sets_to:nnn{#1}{#2}{#3}
+  \tl_set:Nn\knowledge_set_now_k_tl{{#1}{#2}{#3}}
+  \knowledge_at:N\ktuple_if_exist:NTF
+    {\bool_if:NTF\knowledge_knowledgestyle_bool
+      {\knowledge_at:N\ktuple_gclear:N}
+      {\tl_show:n{knowledge~'#3'~(namespace=#1,~scope=#2)~is~redefined.}}}
+    {\knowledge_at:N\ktuple_new:N}
+  \keys_set:nn { knowledgenow~directives } { #4 }
+}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\knowledge_set_now:nnnn{nnVn}
+\NewDocumentCommand\knowledge{}
+  {\KAuxWriteLocation\knowledge_II}
+\NewDocumentCommand\knowledge_II{m >{\SplitList{|}}o m }
+{ \kl_hide_begin:
+  \group_begin:
+   \tl_set_eq:NN\knowledge_namespace_tl
+      \knowledge_knowledge_default_namespace_tl
+  %
+  \bool_gset_false:N\knowledge_knowledge_is_synonym_bool
+  %
+  \use:x{
+    \exp_not:n{\knowledge_knowledge_process:nn{#1}}
+      {\exp_not:V\kl_knowledgedefault_tl,\exp_not:n{#3}}}
+  %
+  % if synonym, then the synonym name is unchanged
+  \bool_if:NF\knowledge_knowledge_is_synonym_bool
+    {\tl_gset:Nn\knowledge_knowledge_synonym_tl{#1}}
+  %
+  \IfNoValueTF{#2}{}{
+    \cs_set:Nn\l_tmpa_cs:n
+      {\knowledge_knowledge_process:nn{##1}{link={#1}}}
+    \ProcessList{#2}\l_tmpa_cs:n
+    }
+  \group_end:
+  \kl_hide_end:
+}
+\bool_new:N\knowledge_knowledge_is_synonym_bool
+\tl_new:N\knowledge_knowledge_synonym_tl
+\bool_new:N\knowledge_knowledgestyle_bool
+\NewDocumentCommand\knowledgestyle{ s m m  }
+{ \kl_hide_begin:
+  \group_begin:
+  \tl_set:Nn\knowledge_namespace_tl{style}
+  %
+  \bool_set_true:N\knowledge_knowledgestyle_bool
+  %
+  \knowledge_knowledge_process:nn{#2}{#3}
+  \group_end:
+  \kl_hide_end:
+}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_knowledge_process:nn
+{  \bool_set_false:N\knowledge_knowledge_now_bool
+   \bool_set_false:N\knowledge_knowledge_clear_bool
+   \bool_set_false:N\knowledge_knowledge_force_bool
+   \bool_set_false:N\knowledge_knowledge_export_bool
+   %
+   \tl_set:Nn\knowledge_key_tl{#1}
+   %
+   \tl_set_eq:NN\knowledge_knowledge_namespace_tl\knowledge_namespace_tl
+   \scope_get_attractive_instance:N\knowledge_knowledge_instance_tl
+   %
+   \tl_set:Nn\knowledge_directives_tl{}
+   %
+   \keys_set:nn { knowledge~directives } { #2 }
+   %
+   \mode_if_preamble:TF
+     {\bool_set_true:N\knowledge_knowledge_now_bool}
+     {}
+   \bool_if:NTF\knowledge_knowledge_now_bool
+     {\use:x{
+       \exp_not:N\knowledge_set_now:nnnn
+         {\knowledge_knowledge_namespace_tl}
+         {\knowledge_knowledge_instance_tl}
+         {\exp_not:V\knowledge_key_tl}
+         {\exp_not:V\knowledge_directives_tl}}
+     } {
+       \KAuxWriteX*{
+          \exp_not:N\KAuxKnowledge
+          {\knowledge_knowledge_namespace_tl}
+          {\knowledge_knowledge_instance_tl}
+          {\exp_not:V\knowledge_key_tl}
+          {\exp_not:V\knowledge_directives_tl}}
+       }
+  \bool_if:NT\knowledge_knowledge_export_bool
+    {\KAuxWriteX*{
+      \exp_not:N\KAuxExport
+      {\knowledge_knowledge_namespace_tl}
+      {\knowledge_knowledge_instance_tl}
+      {\exp_not:V\knowledge_key_tl}
+      {\exp_not:V\knowledge_directives_tl}}
+    }
+}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_delay_directive:n
+  {\tl_if_empty:NTF\knowledge_directives_tl
+    {\tl_set:Nn\knowledge_directives_tl{#1}}
+    {\tl_put_right:Nn\knowledge_directives_tl{,#1}}}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\knowledge_delay_directive:n{x}
+\NewDocumentCommand\knowledgedirective{mom}{
+  \kl_hide_begin:
+  \cs_new:cn
+     {knowledgedirective_#1:n}
+     {\keys_set:nn{ knowledge~directives }{#3}}
+  \keys_define:nn{ knowledge~directives }
+    {#1 .code:n = {\use:c{knowledgedirective_#1:n}{##1}}}
+  \IfNoValueF{#2}
+    {\keys_define:nn{ knowledge~directives }{#1 .default:n = {#2}}}
+  \kl_hide_end:
+}
+\tl_new:N\kl_knowledgedefault_tl
+\NewDocumentCommand\knowledgedefault{sm}{
+  \kl_hide_begin:
+  \IfBooleanTF{#1}
+    {\tl_put_right:Nn\kl_knowledgedefault_tl{,#2}}
+    {\tl_set:Nn\kl_knowledgedefault_tl{#2}}
+  \kl_hide_end:
+}
+\int_const:Nn\knowledge_kl_max_recursion_int{40}
+\int_new:N\knowledge_kl_recursion_int
+\cs_new:Nn\kl_base:nn{
+  \tl_set:Nn\knowledge_kl_text_tl{#2}
+  \IfNoValueTF{#1}
+    {\tl_set:Nn\knowledge_kl_base_key_tl{#2}}
+    {\tl_set:Nn\knowledge_kl_base_key_tl{#1}}
+  %
+  \tl_set_eq:NN\knowledge_kl_key_tl\knowledge_kl_base_key_tl
+  %
+  \int_set_eq:NN\knowledge_kl_recursion_int\knowledge_kl_max_recursion_int
+  %
+  \knowledge_kl_find:
+}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_kl_find:
+{
+  \int_decr:N\knowledge_kl_recursion_int
+  \tl_clear:N\knowledge_kl_link_tl
+  \tl_clear:N\knowledge_kl_style_tl
+  \tl_clear:N\knowledge_kl_intro_style_tl
+  \int_compare:nNnTF\knowledge_kl_recursion_int=0
+    {\knowledge_kl_error_recursion:}
+    {\knowledge_kl_find_in_scope:VNTF
+      \knowledge_kl_key_tl\knowledge_kl_instance_tl
+      {\exp_args:Nc\knowledge_kl_exec:N
+        {\knowledge_id:nnV
+         \knowledge_kl_namespace_tl
+         \knowledge_kl_instance_tl
+         \knowledge_kl_key_tl}}
+      {\knowledge_kl_error_unknown:}
+    }
+}
+\cs_new:Npn\knowledge_kl_find_in_scope:nNTF{
+   \exp_args:NV\knowledge_kl_find_in_scope:nnNTF
+     \knowledge_kl_namespace_tl
+}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_kl_find_in_scope:nnNTF{
+   \group_begin:
+       \tl_set:Nn\l_tmpa_tl{#1}
+       \tl_set:Nn\l_tmpb_tl{#2}
+       \bool_gset_false:N\g_tmpa_bool
+       \seq_map_function:NN
+          \knowledge_visible_instances_seq
+          \knowledge_kl_find_in_scope_test:n
+   \group_end:
+   \bool_if:NTF\g_tmpa_bool
+      {\tl_set_eq:NN#3\g_tmpa_tl #4}
+      {#5}
+}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_kl_find_in_scope_test:n{
+   \exp_args:Nc\ktuple_if_exist:NTF
+     {\knowledge_id:nnV{\l_tmpa_tl}{#1}\l_tmpb_tl}
+     {\bool_gset_true:N\g_tmpa_bool
+      \tl_gset:Nn\g_tmpa_tl{#1}
+      \seq_map_break:}{}}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\knowledge_kl_find_in_scope:nnNTF{nVNTF}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\knowledge_kl_find_in_scope:nNTF{VNTF}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_kl_use_style:n{
+   \knowledge_kl_find_in_scope:nnNTF
+     {style}
+     {#1}
+     \l_tmpa_tl
+     {\use:c{\knowledge_id:nVn{style}\l_tmpa_tl{#1}}}
+     {\tl_show:n{ERROR-UNKNOWN-STYLE:~#1}}
+}
+\cs_generate_variant:Nn\knowledge_kl_use_style:n {x}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_kl_exec:N{
+  #1
+  \tl_set:Nn\knowledge_kl_resource_tl{#1}
+  \tl_if_empty:xTF\knowledge_kl_used_style_tl
+    {}
+    {\knowledge_kl_use_style:x
+      {\knowledge_kl_used_style_tl}}
+  \tl_if_exist_ne:NTF\knowledge_kl_link_tl{
+     \knowledge_kl_update:N#1
+     \tl_set_eq:NN
+       \knowledge_kl_key_tl
+       \knowledge_kl_link_tl
+     \tl_set:Nn\knowledge_kl_link_tl{}
+     \knowledge_kl_find:
+  }{
+     \knowledge_kl_update:N#1
+     \knowledge_kl_display_code:
+}}
+\NewKAuxCommand\KAuxErrorKnowledgeUnknown{mmmm}
+  {Package~'knowledge':~A~knowledge~is~not~defined.~
+    {namespace}{scope}{undefined~knowledge}{base~knowledge}}
+  {}
+
+\DeclareKAuxPhaseCommand\KAuxErrorKnowledgeUnknown{diagnose-unknown-suggest}
+   {\knowledge_diagnose:n
+      {\knowledge{#3}{}}}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_kl_error_unknown:
+  {\KAuxWriteX{
+     \KAuxErrorKnowledgeUnknown
+        {\knowledge_kl_namespace_tl}
+        {}
+        {\exp_args:NV\detokenize\knowledge_kl_key_tl}
+        {\exp_args:NV\detokenize\knowledge_kl_base_key_tl}
+     }
+    \knowledge_kl_use_style:n{unknown}
+    \knowledge_set_now:nnVn
+       {default}{base}
+       \knowledge_kl_key_tl
+       {style={unknown~(cont)}}
+   \msg_warning:nnxxx{ knowledge }{ knowledge~unknown }
+      {\exp_not:V\knowledge_kl_key_tl}
+      {\exp_not:V\knowledge_kl_namespace_tl}
+      {\seq_use:Nn\knowledge_visible_instances_seq{~|~}}
+   \knowledge_kl_display_code:
+}
+
+\msg_new:nnn{ knowledge }{ knowledge~unknown }
+   {The~knowledge~'#1'~(namespace~'#2')~could~not~be~found~in~scopes~<~#3~>.}
+\NewKAuxCommand\KAuxErrorKnowledgeRecursive{mmmm}
+  {Package~'knowledge':~A~knowledge~has~recursive~definition.~
+    {namespace}{scope}{undefined~knowledge}{base~knowledge}}
+  {}
+
+\msg_new:nnn{ knowledge }{ knowledge~recursion }
+   { The~knowledges~are~probably~cyclic,~starting~from~'#1'~(namespace~'#2'),~
+   currently~at~'#3'.}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_kl_error_recursion: {
+  \msg_error:nnxxx{ knowledge }{ knowledge~recursion }
+    {\exp_not:V\knowledge_kl_base_key_tl}
+    {\exp_not:V\knowledge_kl_namespace_tl}
+    {\exp_not:V\knowledge_kl_key_tl}
+  \knowledge_kl_error_display:n{recursive~knowledge}
+}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_kl_error_display:n
+  {\textcolor{orange}{\exp_args:NV\detokenize\knowledge_kl_text_tl}}
+\NewDocumentCommand\intro{s}{
+  \cs_gset_eq:NN\knowledge_kl_init:\knowledge_intro_init:
+  \IfBooleanF{#1}\kl
+}
+\NewDocumentCommand\reintro{s}{
+  \cs_gset_eq:NN\knowledge_kl_init:\knowledge_reintro_init:
+  \IfBooleanF{#1}\kl
+}
+\NewDocumentCommand\phantomintro{m}{
+  \cs_gset_eq:NN\knowledge_kl_init:\knowledge_phantomintro_init:
+  \kl[{#1}]{}
+}
+\let\nointro\phantomintro
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_intro_init:
+  {\tl_set:Nn
+     \knowledge_kl_command_tl{intro}
+   \cs_set_eq:NN
+      \knowledge_kl_update:N
+      \knowledge_intro_update:N
+   \cs_set_eq:NN
+      \knowledge_kl_display_code_preprocess:
+      \knowledge_intro_display_code_preprocess:
+    \tl_set:Nn
+      \knowledge_kl_used_style_tl
+      {\knowledge_kl_intro_style_tl}
+  }
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_phantomintro_init:
+  {\tl_set:Nn
+     \knowledge_kl_command_tl{phantomintro}
+   \cs_set_eq:NN
+      \knowledge_kl_update:N
+      \knowledge_intro_update:N
+   \cs_set_eq:NN
+      \knowledge_kl_display_code_preprocess:
+      \knowledge_intro_display_code_preprocess:
+    \tl_set:Nn
+      \knowledge_kl_used_style_tl
+      {\knowledge_kl_intro_style_tl}
+    \cs_set_eq:NN
+      \knowledge_kl_display_code:
+      \knowledge_phantomintro_display_code:
+  }
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_reintro_init:
+  {\tl_set:Nn
+    \knowledge_kl_command_tl
+    {reintro}
+    \tl_set:Nn
+      \knowledge_kl_used_style_tl
+      {\knowledge_kl_intro_style_tl}
+  }
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_intro_update:N
+   {\ktuple_countintro_gincr:N#1}
+
+\tl_set:Nn\knowledge_kl_intro_style_tl
+   {intro}
+\cs_new:Npn\knowledge_intro_display_code_preprocess:
+  {\tl_if_exist_ne:NTF\knowledge_kl_resource_tl
+     {\expandafter\ktuple_countintro_get_int:NN
+        \knowledge_kl_resource_tl\l_tmpa_int
+      \tl_set:Nx\l_tmpa_tl
+        {\int_compare:nNnTF\l_tmpa_int=1{}{\int_to_alph:n\l_tmpa_int}}}
+     {\tl_set:Nn\l_tmpa_tl{}}
+   \tl_if_exist_ne:NTF\kl_autoref_tl
+     {\exp_args:Nx\label{\expandafter\noexpand\kl_autoref_tl\l_tmpa_tl}}
+     {}}
+\tl_new:N\knowledge_kl_style_tl
+\tl_set:Nn\knowledge_kl_used_style_tl{\knowledge_kl_style_tl}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_init:{}
+\cs_gset:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_update:N
+  {\ktuple_countuse_gincr:N#1}
+\tl_set:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_namespace_tl{default}
+\NewDocumentCommand\kl{om}{\kl_kl_inner:nn{#1}{#2}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kl_kl_inner:nn
+{\group_begin:
+  \knowledge_kl_init:
+  \cs_gset_eq:NN\knowledge_kl_init:\knowledge_defaultkl_init:
+  \kl_base:nn{#1}{#2}
+  \group_end:
+  \knowledge_display_sequence:
+}
+\tl_set:Nn\knowledge_variablekl_namespace_tl{variable}
+\bool_new:N\kl_already_met_bool
+\ktuple_new_bool_index:n{already_met_bool}
+\ktuple_already_met_bool_expands_to:TF
+  {\bool_gset_true:N\kl_already_met_bool}
+  {\bool_gset_false:N\kl_already_met_bool}
+
+\NewDocumentCommand\introvar{om}
+ {\IfNoValueTF{#1}
+    {\introvar:nn{#2}{#2}}
+    {\introvar:nn{#1}{#2}}}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\introvar:nn
+ {\group_begin:
+    \scope_get_attractive_instance:N
+         \knowledge_knowledge_instance_tl
+    \knowledge_sets_to:nnn
+      \knowledge_variablekl_namespace_tl
+      \knowledge_knowledge_instance_tl
+      {#1}
+    \knowledge_at:N\ktuple_ensure:N
+    \knowledge_at:N\ktuple_already_met_bool_if:NTF
+      {\WARNING_VARIABLE_INTRODUCED_TWICE_IN_SAME_SCOPE
+       \group_end:
+       \textcolor{orange}{#2}}
+      {\knowledge_at:N\ktuple_already_met_bool_gset_true:N
+       \knowledge[\knowledge_variablekl_namespace_tl]{#1}{autorefhere}
+       \group_end:
+       #2}
+}
+
+\NewDocumentCommand\klvar{om}
+ {\group_begin:
+    \tl_set:Nn\knowledge_kl_command_tl{\klvar}
+    \tl_set_eq:NN\knowledge_kl_namespace_tl\knowledge_variablekl_namespace_tl
+    \cs_set_eq:NN\knowledge_kl_display_code:\knowledge_variablekl_display_code:
+    \kl_base:nn{#1}{#2}
+  \group_end:
+}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_variablekl_display_code:
+ {\bool_if:NTF\knowledge_hyperref_active_bool
+    {\tl_if_exist:NTF\kl_autoref_tl
+        {\kl_hyperref_silentlabel:nn\kl_autoref_tl\knowledge_kl_text_tl}
+        {\textcolor{purple}{\knowledge_kl_text_tl}}}
+    {\knowledge_kl_text_tl}}
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{protect~link}\kl_protect_link_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{emphasize}\kl_emphasize_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{underline}\kl_underline_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{boldface}\kl_boldface_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{md}\kl_md_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{fbox}\kl_fbox_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{typewriter}\kl_typewriter_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{ensuremath}\kl_ensuremath_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{mathord}\kl_mathord_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{mathop}\kl_mathop_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{mathbin}\kl_mathbin_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{mathrel}\kl_mathrel_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{mathopen}\kl_mathopen_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{mathclose}\kl_mathclose_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{mathpunct}\kl_mathpunct_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{ensuretext}\kl_ensuretext_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{italic}\kl_italic_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{up}\kl_up_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{lowercase}\kl_lowercase_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamBool*{uppercase}\kl_uppercase_bool
+\NewKnowledgeParamTl*{text}\kowledge_kl_forced_text_tl
+\NewKnowledgeParamTl*{link}\knowledge_kl_link_tl
+\NewKnowledgeParamTl*{wrap}\knowledge_kl_wrap_tl
+\NewKnowledgeParamTl*{style}\knowledge_kl_style_tl
+\NewKnowledgeParamTl*{intro~style}\knowledge_kl_intro_style_tl
+\NewKnowledgeParamCode{displaycode}\kl_display_code:
+\ktuple_new_int_index:n{countuse}
+\ktuple_countuse_expands_to:n{}
+\ktuple_new_int_index:n{countintro}
+\ktuple_countintro_expands_to:n{}
+\int_new:N\knowledge_autoref_count
+
+\keys_define:nn{ knowledge~directives }{
+  autoref .code:n = {
+       \keys_set:nn{ knowledge~directives }
+          { intro~style=intro }
+       \int_gincr:N\knowledge_autoref_count
+       \knowledge_delay_directive:x
+            {autoref = {autoref-\int_use:N\knowledge_autoref_count}}},
+  autorefhere .code:n = {
+       \int_gincr:N\knowledge_autoref_count
+       \exp_args:Nx\label{autoref-\int_use:N\knowledge_autoref_count}
+       \knowledge_delay_directive:x
+            {autoref = {autoref-\int_use:N\knowledge_autoref_count}}}}
+
+\ktuple_new_tl_index:n{autoref}
+\use:c{ktuple_autoref_expands_to:n}
+    {\tl_set:Nn\kl_autoref_tl{#1} }
+\keys_define:nn { knowledgenow~directives } {
+autoref .code:n =
+    { \knowledge_at:c{ktuple_autoref_gset:Nn}{#1}
+      \KAuxWriteX*
+        {\exp_not:N\KAuxAutoref\exp_not:V\knowledge_set_now_k_tl}}
+}
+\int_new:N\kl_countuse_int
+\int_new:N\kl_countintro_int
+\NewKAuxCommand\KAuxAutoref{mmm}
+  {Package~knowledge:~Declares~an~autoref~knowledge.~
+   Arguments~{namespace}{instance}{knowledge}.}
+
+\int_new:N\kl_digest_autorefused_int
+\int_new:N\kl_digest_autorefnointro_int
+\int_new:N\kl_digest_autoreftwiceintro_int
+\int_new:N\kl_digest_autorefunused_int
+\int_new:N\kl_digest_unknownknowledge_int
+
+\DeclareKAuxPhaseCommand\KAuxErrorKnowledgeUnknown{diagnose~digest}
+  {\int_gincr:N\kl_digest_unknownknowledge_int}
+
+\DeclareKAuxPhaseCommand\KAuxAutoref{diagnose~digest}
+  {\group_begin:
+   \knowledge_sets_to:nnn{#1}{#2}{#3}
+   \knowledge_at:N\ktuple_countuse_get_int:NN\kl_countuse_int
+   \knowledge_at:N\ktuple_countintro_get_int:NN\kl_countintro_int
+   \int_compare:nNnT\kl_countintro_int=1
+     {\int_gincr:N\kl_digest_autorefused_int}
+   \int_compare:nNnT\kl_countintro_int=0
+     {\int_compare:nNnTF\kl_countuse_int=0
+        {\int_gincr:N\kl_digest_autorefunused_int}
+        {\int_gincr:N\kl_digest_autorefnointro_int}}
+   \int_compare:nNnT\kl_countintro_int>1
+        {\int_gincr:N\kl_digest_autoreftwiceintro_int}
+   \group_end:}
+
+\DeclareKAuxPhaseCommand\KAuxAutoref{autoref~not~introduced}
+  {\group_begin:
+   \knowledge_sets_to:nnn{#1}{#2}{#3}
+   \knowledge_at:N\ktuple_countuse_get_int:NN\kl_countuse_int
+   \knowledge_at:N\ktuple_countintro_get_int:NN\kl_countintro_int
+   \int_compare:nNnT\kl_countuse_int>0
+     {\int_compare:nNnT\kl_countintro_int=0
+        {\knowledge_diagnose:n{\nointro{#1}{#2}{#3}}}}
+   \group_end:}
+\DeclareKAuxPhaseCommand\KAuxAutoref{autoref~introduced~twice}
+  {\group_begin:
+   \knowledge_sets_to:nnn{#1}{#2}{#3}
+   \knowledge_at:N\ktuple_countuse_get_int:NN\kl_countuse_int
+   \knowledge_at:N\ktuple_countintro_get_int:NN\kl_countintro_int
+   \int_compare:nNnT\kl_countintro_int>1
+     {\knowledge_diagnose:n{{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+   \group_end:}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_kl_display_sequence:n
+  {\knowledge_kl_display_sequence:w#1\display_end:}
+\cs_new:Npn\knowledge_kl_display_sequence:w#1#2\display_end:
+  {\tl_if_empty:nTF{#2}{#1}
+     {#1{\knowledge_kl_display_sequence:w #2 \display_end:}}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_phantomintro_display_code:
+  {\knowledge_intro_display_code_preprocess:
+    \cs_gset:Npx\knowledge_display_sequence:{
+     \knowledge_kl_display_sequence:n{
+     \knowledge_kl_display_code_index:n
+     \knowledge_invisible_display_code_text:
+     }}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_invisible_display_code_text:{}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code:{
+   \knowledge_kl_display_code_preprocess:
+   \cs_gset:Npx\knowledge_display_sequence:{
+    \knowledge_kl_display_sequence:n{
+     \knowledge_kl_display_code_index:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_fbox:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_emphasize:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_ensuremath:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_ensuretext:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_mathord:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_mathop:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_typewriter:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_sc:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_italic:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_up:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_boldface:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_md:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_ref:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_url:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_color:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_colorbox:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_underline:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_code_nestingprotect:n
+     \knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_text:}}
+}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_kl_display_code_index:n{#1}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_fbox:n
+  {\bool_if:NTF\kl_fbox_bool{\exp_not:N\fbox{#1}}{#1}}
+
+\cs_new:Npn\knowledge_kl_display_code_preprocess:
+  {}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_ensuremath:n
+    {\bool_if:NTF\kl_ensuremath_bool{\exp_not:N\ensuremath}\use:n{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_ensuretext:n
+    {\bool_if:NTF\kl_ensuretext_bool{\mode_if_math:TF{\exp_not:N\text}\use:n}\use:n{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_mathord:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_mathord_bool
+    {\mode_if_math:TF{\exp_not:N\mathord}\use:n{#1}}{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_mathop:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_mathop_bool
+    {\mode_if_math:TF{\exp_not:N\mathop}\use:n{#1}}{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_mathbin:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_mathbin_bool
+    {\mode_if_math:TF{\exp_not:N\mathbin}\use:n{#1}}{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_mathrel:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_mathrel_bool
+    {\mode_if_math:TF{\exp_not:N\mathrel}\use:n{#1}}{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_mathopen:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_mathopen_bool
+    {\mode_if_math:TF{\exp_not:N\mathopen}\use:n{#1}}{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_mathclose:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_mathclose_bool
+    {\mode_if_math:TF{\exp_not:N\mathclose}\use:n{#1}}{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_mathpunct:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_mathpunct_bool
+    {\mode_if_math:TF{\exp_not:N\mathpunct}\use:n{#1}}{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_emphasize:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_emphasize_bool
+    {\mode_if_math:TF\use:n{\exp_not:N\emph}{#1}}{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_underline:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_underline_bool
+    {\mode_if_math:TF{#1}
+       {\exp_not:N\underline{\exp_not:N\smash{#1}}}}
+       {#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_typewriter:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_typewriter_bool
+    {\mode_if_math:TF{\exp_not:N\mathtt}{\exp_not:N\texttt}{#1}}{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_italic:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_italic_bool
+    {\mode_if_math:TF{\exp_not:N\mathit}{\exp_not:N\textit}{#1}}{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_sc:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_cs_bool
+    {\mode_if_math:TF{\exp_not:N\mathsc}{\exp_not:N\textsc}{#1}}{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_md:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_md_bool
+    {\mode_if_math:TF{\exp_not:N\mathmd}{\exp_not:N\textmd}{#1}}{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_up:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_up_bool
+    {\mode_if_math:TF{\exp_not:N\mathup}{\exp_not:N\textup}{#1}}{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_boldface:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_boldface_bool
+    {\mode_if_math:TF{\exp_not:N\mathbf}{\exp_not:N\textbf}{#1}}{#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_ref:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\knowledge_hyperref_active_bool
+    {\tl_if_exist:NTF\kl_ref_tl
+        {\exp_not:N\kl_hyperlink_label:nn{\exp_not:V\kl_ref_tl}{#1}}
+        {\tl_if_exist:NTF\kl_autoref_tl
+           {\exp_not:N\kl_hyperlink_silentlabel:nn{\exp_not:V\kl_autoref_tl}{#1}}
+           {#1}}}
+    {#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_url:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\knowledge_hyperref_active_bool
+    {\tl_if_exist:NTF\kl_url_tl{\exp_not:N\kl_hyperlink_url:nn{\exp_not:V\kl_url_tl}{#1}}{#1}}
+    {#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_color:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\knowledge_xcolor_active_bool
+    {\tl_if_exist:NTF\kl_color_tl
+      {\exp_not:N\textcolor{\kl_color_tl}{#1}}{#1}}
+    {#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_colorbox:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\knowledge_xcolor_active_bool
+    {\tl_if_exist:NTF\kl_colorbox_tl
+       {\exp_not:N\colorbox{\kl_colorbox_tl}{#1}}{#1}}
+    {#1}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_code_nestingprotect:n{
+  \bool_if:NTF\kl_protect_link_bool
+     {\exp_not:N\kl_kl_nesting_incr:#1\exp_not:N\kl_kl_nesting_decr:}{#1}
+ }
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_code_wrap:n{
+  \tl_if_exist:NTF\knowledge_kl_wrap_tl
+    {\exp_not:V\knowledge_kl_wrap_tl{#1}}{#1}}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_text:{
+    \knowledge_defaultkl_code_wrap:n{
+         \tl_if_exist:NTF\kowledge_kl_forced_text_tl
+           {\exp_not:V\kowledge_kl_forced_text_tl}
+           {\exp_not:V\knowledge_kl_text_tl}
+      }
+}
+\NewDocumentCommand\AP{}
+    {\bool_if:NT\knowledge_hyperref_active_bool
+       {\strut\vadjust{\knowledge_AP_internal:}}}
+\NewDocumentCommand\itemAP{o}{
+  \IfNoValueTF{#1}
+    {\item\AP}
+    {\item[\knowledge_itemAP: #1]}}
+\int_new:N\kl_hyperref_kl_nesting_count_int
+\bool_new:N\kl_hyperref_active_here_bool
+\bool_set_true:N\kl_hyperref_active_here_bool
+\cs_new:Npn\kl_if_hyperlinks_active_here:TF
+  {\bool_if:NTF\knowledge_hyperlinks_active_bool
+     {\bool_if:NTF\kl_hyperref_active_here_bool}
+     \use_ii:nn}
+\cs_new:Nn\kl_kl_nesting_incr:
+  {\int_gincr:N\kl_hyperref_kl_nesting_count_int
+   \bool_gset:Nn\kl_hyperref_active_here_bool
+      {\int_compare_p:nNn\kl_hyperref_kl_nesting_count_int=0}}
+\cs_new:Nn\kl_kl_nesting_decr:
+  {\int_gdecr:N\kl_hyperref_kl_nesting_count_int
+   \bool_gset:Nn\kl_hyperref_active_here_bool
+      {\int_compare_p:nNn\kl_hyperref_kl_nesting_count_int=0}}
+\cs_new:Npn\kl_hyperlink_label:nn#1
+  {\kl_if_hyperlinks_active_here:TF{\hyperref[{#1}]}{\use:n}}
+\cs_new:Npn\kl_hyperlink_url:nn
+  {\kl_if_hyperlinks_active_here:TF\href\use_ii:nn}
+\cs_new:Nn\kl_hyperlink_silentlabel:nn
+  {\kl_if_hyperref_exist:nTF{#1}
+     {\kl_hyperlink_label:nn{#1}{#2}}
+     {#2}}
+\cs_new:Npn\kl_if_hyperref_exist:nTF#1
+  {\expandafter\ifx\csname r@#1\endcsname\relax
+   \expandafter\use_ii:nn\else
+   \expandafter\use_i:nn\fi}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_AP_internal:{%
+    \vbox to 0pt{
+      \kern-\dp\strutbox
+      \smash{\llap{\knowledge_AP_mark:\kern0.5em}}
+      \vss}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_AP_mark:{%
+       \setlength\unitlength{1em}
+         \begin{picture}(0,0)
+         \put(0,1){
+            \bool_if:NT\knowledge_hyperref_active_bool
+               {\put(-0.05,-1.04){\phantomsection}}
+            \bool_if:NT\knowledge_configuration_visibleAP_bool
+                 {\bool_if:NTF\knowledge_xcolor_active_bool
+                    {\textcolor{red}}{\use:n}
+                    {\line(0,-1){0.5}\line(1,0){0.5}}}}
+         \end{picture}{}}
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_itemAP:{
+  \hbox_overlap_left:n
+      {\knowledge_AP_mark:\hspace{1em}}
+  }
+\ExplSyntaxOff
+\def\makequotationactive
+  {\catcode`"13\relax}
+\def\makequotationletter
+  {\catcode`"12\relax}
+
+\let\quotationmark"
+
+\makequotationactive
+\makeatletter
+\NewDocumentCommand\klactivequotationmark{}
+   {\@ifnextchar"%
+      \klactivequotationmarkdouble
+      \klactivequotationmarksimple}
+\def \introabsorbquote
+  {\@ifnextchar"\@gobble\kl@errordoublequotemissing}
+
+\makeatother
+
+\edef\klactivequotationmarksimple#1"%
+  {\noexpand\klquotationparseinternal#1\noexpand @%
+     \csname klparse_novalue_tl\endcsname\noexpand @%
+     \csname klparse_novalue_tl\endcsname\noexpand @%
+     \noexpand\klendmarker}
+\edef\klactivequotationmarkdouble"#1"%
+  {\noexpand\introquotationparseinternal#1\noexpand @%
+     \csname klparse_novalue_tl\endcsname\noexpand @%
+     \csname klparse_novalue_tl\endcsname\noexpand @%
+     \noexpand\klendmarker
+     \noexpand\introabsorbquote}
+
+\def\klquotationparseinternal#1@#2@#3@#4\klendmarker
+  {\IfNoValueTF{#2}{\kl{#1}}{\kl[{#2}]{#1}}}
+\def\introquotationparseinternal#1@#2@#3@#4\klendmarker
+  {\IfNoValueTF{#2}{\intro{#1}}{\intro[{#2}]{#1}}}
+
+\def\klactivatequotation
+  {\makequotationactive
+   \let"\klactivequotationmark}
+\def\kldeactivatequotation
+  {\makequotationletter}
+
+\kldeactivatequotation
+\ExplSyntaxOn
+\cs_new:Nn\kl_protect_environment_quotation:n
+  {\clist_map_inline:nn{#1}
+    {\scope_area_set:nn{#1}
+      { push~code={\knowledgeconfigure{quotation=false}},
+      pop~code={\knowledgeconfigure{quotation=true}}}}
+      }
+\cs_new:Nn\klparse_absorb_modifiers:
+  {\tl_set_eq:NN\klparse_primes_tl\c_empty_tl
+   \bool_if:NTF\klparse_load_primes_bool
+     \klparse_absorb_modifiers_pses:
+     \klparse_absorb_modifiers_ses:
+  }
+
+\cs_new:Nn\klparse_absorb_modifiers_pses:
+  {\klparse_ifnextchar:NTF'
+     {\tl_put_right:Nn\klparse_primes_tl'
+       \use_i:nn\klparse_absorb_modifiers_pses:}
+     \klparse_absorb_modifiers_ses:
+   }
+
+\cs_new:Nn\klparse_absorb_modifiers_ses:
+  {\bool_if:NTF\klparse_load_subscript_bool
+       {\klparse_absorb_subscript:Nn\klparse_subscript_tl\klparse_absorb_modifiers_es:}
+       {\tl_set_eq:NN\klparse_subscript_tl\klparse_novalue_tl
+        \klparse_absorb_modifiers_es:}
+  }
+
+\cs_new:Nn\klparse_absorb_modifiers_es:
+  {\bool_if:NTF\klparse_load_supscript_bool
+    {\tl_if_empty:NTF\klparse_primes_tl
+       {\klparse_absorb_supscript:Nn\klparse_supscript_tl
+        \klparse_absorb_modifiers_ts:}
+       {\tl_set_eq:NN\klparse_supscript_tl\klparse_novalue_tl
+         \klparse_absorb_modifiers_exec:}}
+      {\tl_set_eq:NN\klparse_supscript_tl\klparse_novalue_tl
+        \klparse_absorb_modifiers_exec:}
+  }
+
+\cs_new:Nn\klparse_absorb_modifiers_ts:
+  {\bool_if:NTF\klparse_load_subscript_bool{
+     \klparse_if_novalue:NTF\klparse_subscript_tl
+      {\klparse_absorb_subscript:Nn\klparse_subscript_tl\klparse_absorb_modifiers_exec:}
+       \klparse_absorb_modifiers_exec:}
+     {\klparse_absorb_modifiers_exec:}
+  }
+\ExplSyntaxOff
+\def\absorbsupscriptNn{\absorbopt ^}
+\def\absorbsubscriptNn{\absorbopt _}
+\ExplSyntaxOn
+\cs_set_eq:NN\klparse_absorb_supscript:Nn\absorbsupscriptNn
+\cs_set_eq:NN\klparse_absorb_subscript:Nn\absorbsubscriptNn
+
+\cs_new:Npn\absorbopt#1#2#3
+    {\klparse_ifnextchar:NTF #1
+       {\klparse_absorbopt_ii:NnNn #2 {#3}}
+       {\tl_set_eq:NN #2 \klparse_novalue_tl #3}}
+
+\cs_new:Nn\klparse_absorbopt_ii:NnNn
+    {\tl_set:Nn #1 {#4} #2 }
+\cs_set_eq:NN\klparse_if_load_subscript:TF\use_i:nn
+\cs_set_eq:NN\klparse_if_load_supscript:TF\use_i:nn
+\cs_set_eq:NN\klparse_if_load_primes:TF\use_i:nn
+\cs_new:Nn\knowledge_directives_require_aci_package:nn
+  {\bool_if:cTF{knowledge_#2_syntax_bool}{}{
+      \NewKnowledgeParamPackageError{#1}{#2}}}
+\NewKnowledgeParamTl*{color}\kl_color_tl
+\NewKnowledgeParamTl*{colorbox}\kl_colorbox_tl
+
+\knowledge_directives_require_aci_package:nn
+   {color,colorbox}{xcolor}
+\NewKnowledgeParamTl*{url}\kl_url_tl
+\NewKnowledgeParamTl*{ref}\kl_ref_tl
+
+\knowledge_directives_require_aci_package:nn
+   {url,ref,autoref}{hyperref}
+\bool_if:NT\knowledge_hyperref_active_bool{
+  \DeclareExpandableDocumentCommand\knowledge_fake_kl{om}{#2}
+  \DeclareExpandableDocumentCommand\knowledge_fake_intro{som}{#3}
+  \DeclareExpandableDocumentCommand\knowledge_fake_reintro{som}{#3}
+
+  \pdfstringdefDisableCommands{%
+    \let\kl\knowledge_fake_kl
+    \let\intro\knowledge_fake_intro
+    \let\reintro\knowledge_fake_reintro
+  }
+}
+\bool_if:NT\knowledge_makeidx_active_bool{
+  \makeindex
+
+  \cs_gset:Npn\knowledge_kl_display_code_index:n
+    {\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_index:n}
+
+  \cs_new:Npn\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code_index:n
+  {\tl_if_exist:NT\kl_index_tl
+      {\exp_not:N\index
+        {{\tl_if_exist_ne:NTF\kl_index_parent_key_tl
+            {\exp_not:V\kl_index_parent_key_tl!}{}
+          \tl_if_exist_ne:NTF\kl_index_key_tl
+            {\exp_not:V\kl_index_key_tl@}{}
+          \expandafter\detokenize\expandafter{\kl_index_tl}
+         }}}}
+}
+
+\NewKnowledgeParamTl{index}\kl_index_tl
+\keys_define:nn { knowledge~directives }
+{ index .code:n =  {
+    \tl_if_empty:nTF{#1}
+      {\knowledge_delay_directive:x{index={\exp_not:V\knowledge_key_tl}}}
+      {\knowledge_delay_directive:n{index={#1}}}},
+  index .default:n = {}
+}
+
+\NewKnowledgeParamTl*{index~style}\kl_index_style_tl
+\NewKnowledgeParamTl*{index~parent~key}\kl_index_parent_tl
+\NewKnowledgeParamTl*{index~key}\kl_index_key_tl
+\cs_gset_eq:NN\knowledge_kl_init:\knowledge_defaultkl_init:
+\tl_gset_eq:NN  \knowledge_kl_namespace_tl\knowledge_defaultkl_namespace_tl
+\cs_gset_eq:NN\knowledge_kl_display_code:\knowledge_defaultkl_display_code:
+\cs_gset_eq:NN\knowledge_kl_update:N\knowledge_defaultkl_update:N
+\tl_gset:Nn\knowledge_kl_command_tl{\kl}
+\newcommand\robustdisplay[1]
+  {\expandafter\tl_trim_spaces:n\expandafter{\detokenize{#1}}}
+\newcommand\robustdisplaybracket[1]
+  {[\robustdisplay{#1}]}
+\cs_set_eq:NN\knowledge_error_display:n\use:n
+
+\bool_if:NTF\knowledge_xcolor_active_bool{
+  \knowledgestyle{intro}{emphasize}
+  \knowledgestyle{unknown}{wrap=\knowledge_error_display:n,color=red}
+  \knowledgestyle{unknown~(cont)}{wrap=\knowledge_error_display:n,color=gray}
+  \knowledgestyle{autoref~not~introduced}{wrap=\knowledge_error_display,color=orange}
+  \knowledgestyle{autoref~not~introduced~(cont)}{wrap=\knowledge_error_display:n,color=gray}
+  \knowledgestyle{autoref~reintroduced}{wrap=\knowledge_error_display:n,color=red}
+  \knowledgestyle{autoref~reintroduced~(cont)}{wrap=\knowledge_error_display:n,color=red}
+}{
+  \knowledgestyle{intro}{emphasize}
+  \knowledgestyle{unknown}{wrap=\knowledge_error_display:n}
+  \knowledgestyle{unknown~(cont)}{wrap=\knowledge_error_display:n}
+  \knowledgestyle{autoref~not~introduced}{wrap=\knowledge_error_display:n}
+  \knowledgestyle{autoref~not~introduced~(cont)}{wrap=\knowledge_error_display:n}
+  \knowledgestyle{autoref~reintroduced}{wrap=\knowledge_error_display:n}
+  \knowledgestyle{autoref~reintroduced~(cont)}{wrap=\knowledge_error_display:n}
+}
+\ExplSyntaxOff\makeatletter
+\newcommand\knowledgeFixHyperrefTwocolumn{
+  \RequirePackage{etoolbox}
+  \newcount\c@additionalboxlevel
+  \setcounter{additionalboxlevel}{0}
+  \newcount\c@maxboxlevel
+  \setcounter{maxboxlevel}{1}
+  \patchcmd\@combinedblfloats{\box\@outputbox}{%
+    \stepcounter{additionalboxlevel}%
+    \box\@outputbox
+  }{}{\errmessage{\noexpand\@combinedblfloats could not be patched}}
+  %
+  \AtBeginShipout{%
+    \ifnum\value{additionalboxlevel}>\value{maxboxlevel}%
+      \typeout{Warning: maxboxlevel might be too small, increase to %
+        \the\value{additionalboxlevel}%
+      }%
+    \fi
+    \@whilenum\value{additionalboxlevel}<\value{maxboxlevel}\do{%
+      \typeout{* Additional boxing of page `\thepage'}%
+      \setbox\AtBeginShipoutBox=\hbox{\copy\AtBeginShipoutBox}%
+      \stepcounter{additionalboxlevel}%
+    }%
+    \setcounter{additionalboxlevel}{0}%
+  }
+}
+\ExplSyntaxOn
+\makeatother
+\bool_if:NF\knowledge_option_composition_bool
+  {\bool_if:NF\knowledge_option_paper_bool}
+    {\bool_gset_true:N\knowledge_option_composition_bool}
+\bool_if:NT\knowledge_option_composition_bool
+  {\bool_if:NT\knowledge_option_paper_bool}
+    {\bool_gset_false:N\knowledge_option_composition_bool}
+
+\DeclareExpandableDocumentCommand\IfKnowledgeCompositionModeTF{}
+  {\bool_if:NTF\knowledge_option_composition_bool}
+\newif\ifKnowledgeCompositionMode
+\IfKnowledgeCompositionModeTF
+  \KnowledgeCompositionModetrue
+  \KnowledgeCompositionModefalse
+
+\DeclareExpandableDocumentCommand\IfKnowledgeElectronicModeTF{}
+  {\bool_if:NTF\knowledge_option_electronic_bool}
+\newif\ifKnowledgeElectronicMode
+\IfKnowledgeElectronicModeTF
+  \KnowledgeElectronicModetrue
+  \KnowledgeElectronicModefalse
+
+\DeclareExpandableDocumentCommand\IfKnowledgePaperModeTF{}
+  {\bool_if:NTF\knowledge_option_paper_bool}
+\newif\ifKnowledgePaperMode
+\IfKnowledgePaperModeTF
+  \KnowledgePaperModetrue
+  \KnowledgePaperModefalse
+
+\DeclareExpandableDocumentCommand\IfXcolorTF{}
+  {\bool_if:NTF\knowledge_xcolor_active_bool}
+\newif\ifXcolor
+\IfXcolorTF
+  \Xcolortrue
+  \Xcolorfalse
+\ExplSyntaxOff
+\newrobustcmd\KnowledgeConfigureNotion[1][blue]{
+  \knowledgedirective{notion}
+         {autoref,style=notion,intro style=intro notion}
+  \ifKnowledgePaperMode
+    \knowledgestyle{notion}{}
+    \knowledgestyle{intro notion}{emphasize}
+    \knowledgestyle{unknown}{}
+    \knowledgestyle{unknown (cont)}{}
+  \fi
+  \ifKnowledgeCompositionMode
+    \ifXcolor
+      \knowledgestyle{notion}{color={#1!70!black}}
+      \knowledgestyle{intro notion}{emphasize,color={#1}}
+      \knowledgestyle{unknown}{color=brown}
+      \knowledgestyle{unknown (cont)}{color=brown}
+    \else
+      \knowledgestyle{notion}{underline}
+      \knowledgestyle{intro notion}{emphasize, underline}
+      \knowledgestyle{unknown}{}
+      \knowledgestyle{unknown (cont)}{}
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \ifKnowledgeElectronicMode
+    \ifXcolor
+      \definecolor{klDarkBlue}{rgb}{0,0,0.7}
+      \knowledgestyle{notion}{color={#1!70!black}}
+      \knowledgestyle{intro notion}{emphasize,color={#1}}
+      \knowledgestyle{unknown}{}
+      \knowledgestyle{unknown (cont)}{}
+    \else
+      \knowledgestyle{notion}{underline}
+      \knowledgestyle{intro notion}{emphasize, underline}
+      \knowledgestyle{unknown}{}
+      \knowledgestyle{unknown (cont)}{}
+    \fi
+  \fi
+}
+\ExplSyntaxOn
+\exp_args:NNV\ExplSyntaxOff\knowledgeconfigure\knowledge_configuration_pending_tl
+\ScopeActivate
+
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1999/12/01]
+\ProvidesPackage{scopearticle}
+ [2016/02/26 v2.0 first codes of the new version]
+\ExplSyntaxOn
+\knowledge_begin_module_if:N\knowledge_option_scope_bool
+\scope_area_set:nn{base}
+{
+    occurrences = once,
+    autoclose = false
+}
+\scope_area_set:nn{document}
+{
+    autoclose = false,
+    occurrences = once,
+    parents = base
+}
+\scope_area_set:nn{body}
+{
+   autoclose = true,
+   occurrences = once,
+   parents = document,
+ }
+\scope_area_set:nn
+  {part, section,subsection,subsubsection,
+   paragraph,subparagraph,subsubparagraph}
+   { category=structure,
+     autoclose = true,
+     occurrences = multiple,
+     knowledge=accepts
+   }
+\scope_area_set:nn
+  {base,document,section,subsection,subsubsection,
+   paragraph,subparagraph,subsubparagraph}
+  {knowledge=accepts}
+\scope_area_set:nn
+  {base,document}
+  {knowledge=attracts}
+\scope_area_set:nn
+  {body}
+  {knowledge=none}
+
+\scope_area_set:nn{part}{parents = {body}, forces = body }
+\scope_area_set:nn{section}{parents = {body,part}, forces = body }
+\scope_area_set:nn{subsection}{parents = section }
+\scope_area_set:nn{subsubsection}{parents = subsection }
+\scope_area_set:nn{paragraph}{parents = {document,section,subsection,subsubsection} }
+\scope_area_set:nn{subparagraph}{parents =  {paragraph}  }
+\scope_area_set:nn{subsubparagraph}{parents =  {subparagraph} }
+\scope_area_set:nn{abstract}
+  {autoclose=false,
+   occurrences=once,
+   parents={body,structure},
+   forces=body,
+   knowledge=none
+}
+\OverloadCommand\section{som}
+  {\scope_area_push:n{section}
+   \XparseArgs\SUPERsection{som}{#1}{#2}{#3}}
+\OverloadCommand\subsection{som}
+  {\scope_area_push:n{subsection}
+   \XparseArgs\SUPERsubsection{som}{#1}{#2}{#3}}
+\OverloadCommand\subsubsection{som}
+  {\scope_area_push:n{subsubsection}
+   \XparseArgs\SUPERsubsubsection{som}{#1}{#2}{#3}}
+\OverloadCommand\paragraph{som}
+  {\scope_area_push:n{paragraph}
+   \XparseArgs\SUPERparagraph{som}{#1}{#2}{#3}}
+\OverloadCommand\subparagraph{som}
+  {\scope_area_push:n{subparagraph}
+   \XparseArgs\SUPERsubparagraph{som}{#1}{#2}{#3}}
+\OverloadCommand\subsubparagraph{som}
+  {\scope_area_push:n{subsubparagraph}
+   \XparseArgs\SUPERsubsubparagraph{som}{#1}{#2}{#3}}
+\cs_new:Nn\scope_area_environment_new:nn
+  {\scope_area_set:nn{#1}{
+     parents = all,
+     autoclose = false,
+     occurrences = multiple,
+     knowledge = attracts,
+     #2
+  }}
+
+\OverloadCommand\newtheorem{m}
+  {\scope_area_environment_new:nn
+      {#1}
+      {category=theorem-like}
+  \SUPERnewtheorem{#1}}
+
+\OverloadCommand\newenvironment{m}
+  {\scope_area_environment_new:nn
+      {#1}
+      {category=environment}
+   \SUPERnewenvironment{#1}}
+\OverloadCommand\NewDocumentEnvironment{m}
+  {\scope_area_environment_new:nn
+       {#1}
+       {category=environment}
+   \SUPERNewDocumentEnvironment{#1}}
+\scope_area_set:nn
+  {itemize,enumerate,description}
+  {category=itemize-like}
+
+
+\scope_area_set:nn{item}
+  {autoclose=true,
+   parents = itemize-like}
+
+\OverloadCommand\item{o}
+  {%\scope_categoryseq_pop_to:n{itemize-like}
+   %\scope_category_if_area_in:nnTF{trivlist}\scope_top_area_tl
+   %  {}
+   %  {\scope_area_push:n{item}}
+   \XparseArgs\SUPERitem{o}{#1}}
+
+
+\scope_area_set:nn{emph,textit,texttt,textbf}{
+    autoclose = false,
+    occurrences = multiple,
+    forces = body
+  }
+\knowledge_end_module:
+\ExplSyntaxOff
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `knowledge.sty'.
diff --git a/Master/tlpkg/bin/tlpkg-ctan-check b/Master/tlpkg/bin/tlpkg-ctan-check
index d5394b63b56..cefb8063226 100755
--- a/Master/tlpkg/bin/tlpkg-ctan-check
+++ b/Master/tlpkg/bin/tlpkg-ctan-check
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ my @TLP_working = qw(
     jura juraabbrev jurabib juramisc jurarsp js-misc jvlisting
   kantlipsum karnaugh karnaugh-map karnaughmap kastrup kdgdocs kerkis kerntest
     keycommand keyfloat keyreader keystroke keyval2e keyvaltable kix kixfont
-    knitting knittingpattern knuth knuth-lib knuth-local
+    knitting knittingpattern knowledge knuth knuth-lib knuth-local
     koma-moderncvclassic koma-script koma-script-examples koma-script-sfs
     komacv kotex-oblivoir kotex-plain kotex-utf kotex-utils
     kpfonts ksfh_nat ksp-thesis
diff --git a/Master/tlpkg/libexec/ctan2tds b/Master/tlpkg/libexec/ctan2tds
index 001df07151a..16cf44ef6c3 100755
--- a/Master/tlpkg/libexec/ctan2tds
+++ b/Master/tlpkg/libexec/ctan2tds
@@ -2994,6 +2994,7 @@ $standardclean = '\.head|\.tmp|\.dvi|\.log|\.out|\.aux|\.toc|\.lof|\.lot'
  'gfsdidot'      => '.pdf',                             # no source
  'gfsneohellenic'=> '.pdf',                             # no source
  'jknapltx'      => 'ubbold.fd', # clash bbold's Ubbold.fd; sauter bbold fails
+ 'knowledge'	 => 'knowledge.pdf',			# no source
  'latexmk'	 => '(sweave_|tex4ht-)latexmkrc',	# case-folding clash
  'math-into-latex-4' => 'video.*zip|S.*\.pdf',          # nonfree
  'numericplots'  => '.*\.m',                            # matlab
diff --git a/Master/tlpkg/tlpsrc/collection-latexextra.tlpsrc b/Master/tlpkg/tlpsrc/collection-latexextra.tlpsrc
index 72d5652c9b4..c6a7cb4bed5 100644
--- a/Master/tlpkg/tlpsrc/collection-latexextra.tlpsrc
+++ b/Master/tlpkg/tlpsrc/collection-latexextra.tlpsrc
@@ -560,6 +560,7 @@ depend keystroke
 depend keyval2e
 depend keyvaltable
 depend kix
+depend knowledge
 depend koma-moderncvclassic
 depend koma-script-sfs
 depend komacv
diff --git a/Master/tlpkg/tlpsrc/knowledge.tlpsrc b/Master/tlpkg/tlpsrc/knowledge.tlpsrc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e69de29bb2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/tlpkg/tlpsrc/knowledge.tlpsrc