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authorKarl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>2010-09-09 23:09:53 +0000
committerKarl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>2010-09-09 23:09:53 +0000
commit7e94657b4fbe4a7e911d606b41f233f7b67187b9 (patch)
tree91333c063abb4d0b7adb3a7c321dd2597e0198b2 /Master/texmf
parentdf704b3d8e32bc446bcb9ceceebeb7db33bf9fc6 (diff)
latex2e-help-texinfo 2010/09/06 (8sep10)
git-svn-id: svn://tug.org/texlive/trunk@19633 c570f23f-e606-0410-a88d-b1316a301751
Diffstat (limited to 'Master/texmf')
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf/doc/info/latex2e.info2442
1 files changed, 1207 insertions, 1235 deletions
diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/info/latex2e.info b/Master/texmf/doc/info/latex2e.info
index f803718a680..61419c447ce 100644
--- a/Master/texmf/doc/info/latex2e.info
+++ b/Master/texmf/doc/info/latex2e.info
@@ -4,16 +4,15 @@ latex2e.texi.
This document is an unofficial reference manual for LaTeX, a document
preparation system, version of July 2010.
- This was originally translated from `LATEX.HLP' v1.0a in the VMS
-Help Library. The pre-translation version was written by George D.
-Greenwade of Sam Houston State University. The LaTeX 2.09 version was
-written by Stephen Gilmore. The LaTeX2e version was adapted from this
-by Torsten Martinsen. Karl Berry made further updates and additions,
-and gratefully acknowledges using `Hypertext Help with LaTeX', by
-Sheldon Green, and the `LaTeX Command Summary' (for LaTeX 2.09) by
-L. Botway and C. Biemesderfer (published by the TeX Users Group as
-`TeXniques' number 10), as reference material (text was not directly
-copied).
+ This was originally translated from `LATEX.HLP' v1.0a in the VMS Help
+Library. The pre-translation version was written by George D. Greenwade
+of Sam Houston State University. The LaTeX 2.09 version was written by
+Stephen Gilmore. The LaTeX2e version was adapted from this by Torsten
+Martinsen. Karl Berry made further updates and additions, and
+gratefully acknowledges using `Hypertext Help with LaTeX', by Sheldon
+Green, and the `LaTeX Command Summary' (for LaTeX 2.09) by L. Botway and
+C. Biemesderfer (published by the TeX Users Group as `TeXniques' number
+10), as reference material (text was not directly copied).
Copyright (C) 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Karl Berry.
Copyright (C) 1988, 1994, 2007 Stephen Gilmore.
@@ -24,8 +23,8 @@ manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
preserved on all copies.
Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of
-this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that
-the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
+this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
+entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
permission notice identical to this one.
Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
@@ -48,11 +47,11 @@ preparation system, version as of July 2010. It is intended to cover
LaTeX2e, which has been the standard version of LaTeX for many years.
LaTeX is implemented as a macro package for Donald E. Knuth's TeX
-typesetting program. LaTeX was originally created by Leslie Lamport;
-it is now maintained by a group of volunteers
-(`http://latex-project.org'). The official documentation written by
-the LaTeX project is available there. Again, the present document is
-unofficial and has not been reviewed by the LaTeX maintainers.
+typesetting program. LaTeX was originally created by Leslie Lamport; it
+is now maintained by a group of volunteers (`http://latex-project.org').
+The official documentation written by the LaTeX project is available
+there. Again, the present document is unofficial and has not been
+reviewed by the LaTeX maintainers.
* Menu:
@@ -121,10 +120,10 @@ three files as output:
3. An "auxiliary" or `.aux' file. This is used by LaTeX itself, for
things such as sectioning.
- A LaTeX command begins with the command name, which consists of a
-`\' followed by either (a) a string of letters or (b) a single
-non-letter. Arguments contained in square brackets, `[]', are optional
-while arguments contained in braces, `{}', are required.
+ A LaTeX command begins with the command name, which consists of a `\'
+followed by either (a) a string of letters or (b) a single non-letter.
+Arguments contained in square brackets, `[]', are optional while
+arguments contained in braces, `{}', are required.
LaTeX is case sensitive. Enter all commands in lower case unless
explicitly directed to do otherwise.
@@ -146,9 +145,8 @@ where the CLASS is a valid document class for LaTeX. *Note Document
classes::, for details of the various document classes available
locally.
- You may include other LaTeX commands between the `\documentclass'
-and the `\begin{document}' commands (this area is called the
-"preamble").
+ You may include other LaTeX commands between the `\documentclass' and
+the `\begin{document}' commands (this area is called the "preamble").

File: latex2e.info, Node: Document classes, Next: Typefaces, Prev: Starting & ending, Up: Top
@@ -160,8 +158,8 @@ The class of a given document is defined with the command:
\documentclass[OPTIONS]{CLASS}
-The `\documentclass' command must be the first command in a LaTeX
-source file.
+The `\documentclass' command must be the first command in a LaTeX source
+file.
Built-in LaTeX document CLASS names are (many other document classes
are available as add-ons; *note Overview::):
@@ -237,16 +235,16 @@ paper size (default is `letterpaper'):
page and the text's left margin. The defaults vary with the paper
size and whether one- or two-side layout is selected. For
one-sided printing the text is centered, for two-sided,
- `\oddsidemargin' is 40% of the difference between `\paperwidth'
- and `\textwidth' with `\evensidemargin' the remainder.
+ `\oddsidemargin' is 40% of the difference between `\paperwidth' and
+ `\textwidth' with `\evensidemargin' the remainder.
`openright'
`openany'
Determines if a chapter should start on a right-hand page; default
is `openright' for book.
- The `slides' class offers the option `clock' for printing the time
-at the bottom of each note.
+ The `slides' class offers the option `clock' for printing the time at
+the bottom of each note.
Additional packages are loaded like this:
@@ -255,8 +253,8 @@ at the bottom of each note.
To specify more than one PKG, you can separate them with a comma, or
use multiple `\usepackage' commands.
- Any options given in the `\documentclass' command that are unknown
-by the selected document class are passed on to the packages loaded with
+ Any options given in the `\documentclass' command that are unknown by
+the selected document class are passed on to the packages loaded with
`\usepackage'.

@@ -384,7 +382,6 @@ differently than the above commands, too: `{\CMD ...}' instead of
`\tt'
Typewriter (monospace, fixed-width).
-

File: latex2e.info, Node: Font sizes, Next: Low-level font commands, Prev: Font styles, Up: Typefaces
@@ -392,12 +389,12 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: Font sizes, Next: Low-level font commands, Prev: Fo
==============
The following standard type size commands are supported by LaTeX. The
-table shows the command name and the corresponding actual font size
-used (in points) with the `10pt', `11pt', and `12pt' document size
-options, respectively (*note Document class options::).
+table shows the command name and the corresponding actual font size used
+(in points) with the `10pt', `11pt', and `12pt' document size options,
+respectively (*note Document class options::).
Command `10pt' `11pt' `12pt'
---------------------------------------------------
+--------------------------------------------------
`\tiny' 5 6 6
`\scriptsize' 7 8 8
`\footnotesize' 8 9 10
@@ -409,9 +406,9 @@ Command `10pt' `11pt' `12pt'
`\huge' 20.74 20.74 24.88
`\Huge' 24.88 24.88 24.88
- The commands as listed here are "declaration forms". The scope of
-the declaration form lasts until the next type style command or the end
-of the current group. You can also use the environment form of these
+ The commands as listed here are "declaration forms". The scope of the
+declaration form lasts until the next type style command or the end of
+the current group. You can also use the environment form of these
commands; for instance, `\begin{tiny}...\end{tiny}'.

@@ -498,7 +495,6 @@ ones.
and `\fontshape' with the given parameters, followed by
`\selectfont'.
-

File: latex2e.info, Node: Layout, Next: Sectioning, Prev: Typefaces, Up: Top
@@ -544,14 +540,13 @@ typeset in one-column mode before the two-column typesetting starts.
The distance between columns (35pt by default).
`\columnseprule'
- The width of the rule between columns; the default is 0pt, so
- there is no rule.
+ The width of the rule between columns; the default is 0pt, so there
+ is no rule.
`\columnwidth'
The width of the current column; this is equal to `\textwidth' in
single-column text.
-
These parameters control float behavior in two-column output:
`\dbltopfraction'
@@ -572,7 +567,6 @@ typeset in one-column mode before the two-column typesetting starts.
Distance between a multi-column float at the top or bottom of a
page and the main text. Default `20pt plus2pt minus4pt'.
-

File: latex2e.info, Node: \flushbottom, Next: \raggedbottom, Prev: \twocolumn, Up: Layout
@@ -606,14 +600,14 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: Page layout parameters, Prev: \raggedbottom, Up: La
size.
`\headsep'
- Vertical distance between the bottom of the header line and the
- top of the main text. Default is `25pt', except in the `book'
- class, where it varies with the type size.
+ Vertical distance between the bottom of the header line and the top
+ of the main text. Default is `25pt', except in the `book' class,
+ where it varies with the type size.
`\footskip'
- Distance from the baseline of the last line of text to the
- baseline of the page footer. Default is `30pt', except in the
- `book' class, where it varies with the type size.
+ Distance from the baseline of the last line of text to the baseline
+ of the page footer. Default is `30pt', except in the `book' class,
+ where it varies with the type size.
`\linewidth'
Width of the current line; the default varies with the font size,
@@ -625,8 +619,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: Page layout parameters, Prev: \raggedbottom, Up: La
The normal vertical height of the page body; the default varies
with the font size, document class, etc. For an `article' or
`report' document in `10pt', it's set to `43\baselineskip'; for
- `book', it's `41\baselineskip'. For `11pt', it's
- `38\baselineskip' and for `12pt', `36\baselineskip'.
+ `book', it's `41\baselineskip'. For `11pt', it's `38\baselineskip'
+ and for `12pt', `36\baselineskip'.
`\textwidth'
The normal horizontal width of the page body; the default varies as
@@ -638,14 +632,13 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: Page layout parameters, Prev: \raggedbottom, Up: La
Space between the top of the TeX page (one inch from the top of the
paper, by default) and the top of the header. The default is
computed based on many other parameters: `\paperheight - 2in -
- \headheight - \headsep - \textheight - \footskip', and then
- divided by two.
+ \headheight - \headsep - \textheight - \footskip', and then divided
+ by two.
`\topskip'
Minimum distance between the top of the page body and the baseline
- of the first line of text. For the standard clases, the default
- is the same as the font size, e.g., `10pt' at `10pt'.
-
+ of the first line of text. For the standard clases, the default is
+ the same as the font size, e.g., `10pt' at `10pt'.

File: latex2e.info, Node: Sectioning, Next: Cross references, Prev: Layout, Up: Top
@@ -686,15 +679,15 @@ To handle this, the sectioning commands have an optional argument
TOCTITLE that, when given, specifies the text for these other places.
Also, all sectioning commands have `*'-forms that print TITLE as
-usual, but do not include a number and do not make an entry in the
-table of contents. For instance:
+usual, but do not include a number and do not make an entry in the table
+of contents. For instance:
\section*{Preamble}
- The `\appendix' command changes the way following sectional units
-are numbered. The `\appendix' command itself generates no text and
-does not affect the numbering of parts. The normal use of this command
-is something like
+ The `\appendix' command changes the way following sectional units are
+numbered. The `\appendix' command itself generates no text and does not
+affect the numbering of parts. The normal use of this command is
+something like
\chapter{A Chapter}
...
@@ -808,7 +801,7 @@ environment begins and ends in the same manner:
* abstract:: Produce an abstract.
* array:: Math arrays.
-* center:: Centred lines.
+* center:: Centered lines.
* description:: Labelled lists.
* displaymath:: Formulas that appear on their own line.
* document:: Enclose the whole document.
@@ -880,8 +873,8 @@ that tells how items in that row should be formatted, as follows:
Column entries are separated by `&'. Column entries may include
other LaTeX commands. Each row of the array is terminated with `\\'.
- In the template, the construct `@{TEXT}' puts TEXT between columns
-in each row.
+ In the template, the construct `@{TEXT}' puts TEXT between columns in
+each row.
Here's an example:
@@ -927,10 +920,10 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \centering, Up: center
------------------
The `\centering' declaration corresponds to the `center' environment.
-This declaration can be used inside an environment such as `quote' or
-in a `parbox'. Thus, the text of a figure or table can be centered on
-the page by putting a `\centering' command at the beginning of the
-figure or table environment.
+This declaration can be used inside an environment such as `quote' or in
+a `parbox'. Thus, the text of a figure or table can be centered on the
+page by putting a `\centering' command at the beginning of the figure or
+table environment.
Unlike the `center' environment, the `\centering' command does not
start a new paragraph; it simply changes how LaTeX formats paragraph
@@ -992,8 +985,8 @@ or
MATH text on its own line, centered by default. The global `fleqn'
option makes equations flush left; see *note Document class options::.
- No equation number is added to `displaymath' text; to get an
-equation number, use the `equation' environment (*note equation::).
+ No equation number is added to `displaymath' text; to get an equation
+number, use the `equation' environment (*note equation::).

File: latex2e.info, Node: document, Next: enumerate, Prev: displaymath, Up: Environments
@@ -1060,13 +1053,13 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: eqnarray, Next: equation, Prev: enumerate, Up: Env
...
\end{eqnarray}
- The `eqnarray' environment is used to display a sequence of
-equations or inequalities. It is very much like a three-column `array'
+ The `eqnarray' environment is used to display a sequence of equations
+or inequalities. It is very much like a three-column `array'
environment, with consecutive rows separated by `\\' and consecutive
items within a row separated by an `&'.
- `\\*' can also be used to separate equations, with its normal
-meaning of not allowing a page break at that line.
+ `\\*' can also be used to separate equations, with its normal meaning
+of not allowing a page break at that line.
An equation number is placed on every line unless that line has a
`\nonumber' command. Alternatively, The `*'-form of the environment
@@ -1137,7 +1130,6 @@ put a float:
(Page of floats)--on a separate float page, which is a page
containing no text, only floats.
-
The standard report and article classes use the default placement
`tbp'.
@@ -1161,8 +1153,8 @@ the list of figures instead of TEXT (*note Tables of contents::).
`\intextsep'
Space above and below a float in the middle of the main text;
- default `12pt plus2pt minus2pt' for `10pt' and `11pt' styles,
- `14pt plus4pt minus4pt' for `12pt'.
+ default `12pt plus2pt minus2pt' for `10pt' and `11pt' styles, `14pt
+ plus4pt minus4pt' for `12pt'.
`\textfloatsep'
Space between the last (first) float at the top (bottom) of a page;
@@ -1177,7 +1169,6 @@ the list of figures instead of TEXT (*note Tables of contents::).
Maximum fraction at the top of a page that may be occupied before
floats; default is `.7'.
-

File: latex2e.info, Node: flushleft, Next: flushright, Prev: figure, Up: Environments
@@ -1205,8 +1196,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \raggedright, Up: flushleft
---------------------
The `\raggedright' declaration corresponds to the `flushleft'
-environment. This declaration can be used inside an environment such
-as `quote' or in a `parbox'.
+environment. This declaration can be used inside an environment such as
+`quote' or in a `parbox'.
Unlike the `flushleft' environment, the `\raggedright' command does
not start a new paragraph; it only changes how LaTeX formats paragraph
@@ -1241,8 +1232,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \raggedleft, Up: flushright
--------------------
The `\raggedleft' declaration corresponds to the `flushright'
-environment. This declaration can be used inside an environment such
-as `quote' or in a `parbox'.
+environment. This declaration can be used inside an environment such as
+`quote' or in a `parbox'.
Unlike the `flushright' environment, the `\raggedleft' command does
not start a new paragraph; it only changes how LaTeX formats paragraph
@@ -1266,11 +1257,11 @@ Synopsis:
The `itemize' environment produces an "unordered", "bulleted" list.
Itemizations can be nested within one another, up to four levels deep.
-They can also be nested within other paragraph-making environments,
-such as `enumerate' (*note enumerate::).
+They can also be nested within other paragraph-making environments, such
+as `enumerate' (*note enumerate::).
- Each item of an `itemize' list begins with an `\item' command.
-There must be at least one `\item' command within the environment.
+ Each item of an `itemize' list begins with an `\item' command. There
+must be at least one `\item' command within the environment.
By default, the marks at each level look like this:
@@ -1321,7 +1312,6 @@ greatly reduces the margin space for outermost lists:
`quotation', and `verse' environments, where it is set equal to
`\leftmargin'.
-
Parameters affecting vertical spacing between list items (rather
loose, by default).
@@ -1346,7 +1336,6 @@ loose, by default).
documents, `3pt plus1pt minus1pt' for `11pt', and `3pt plus2pt
minus2pt' for `12pt'.
-
Especially for lists with short items, it may be desirable to elide
space between items. Here is an example defining an `itemize*'
environment with no extra spacing between items, or between paragraphs
@@ -1386,8 +1375,8 @@ documents, but often in macros.
The mandatory LABELING argument specifies how items should be
labelled (unless the optional argument is supplied to `\item'). This
-argument is a piece of text that is inserted in a box to form the
-label. It can and usually does contain other LaTeX commands.
+argument is a piece of text that is inserted in a box to form the label.
+It can and usually does contain other LaTeX commands.
The mandatory SPACING argument contains commands to change the
spacing parameters for the list. This argument will most often be
@@ -1449,11 +1438,11 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: picture, Next: quotation, Prev: minipage, Up: Envi
... PICTURE COMMANDS ...
\end{picture}
- The `picture' environment allows you to create just about any kind
-of picture you want containing text, lines, arrows and circles. You
-tell LaTeX where to put things in the picture by specifying their
-coordinates. A coordinate is a number that may have a decimal point
-and a minus sign--a number like `5', `0.3' or `-3.1416'. A coordinate
+ The `picture' environment allows you to create just about any kind of
+picture you want containing text, lines, arrows and circles. You tell
+LaTeX where to put things in the picture by specifying their
+coordinates. A coordinate is a number that may have a decimal point and
+a minus sign--a number like `5', `0.3' or `-3.1416'. A coordinate
specifies a length in multiples of the unit length `\unitlength', so if
`\unitlength' has been set to `1cm', then the coordinate 2.54 specifies
a length of 2.54 centimeters. You should only change the value of
@@ -1483,16 +1472,16 @@ For example, if `\unitlength' has been set to `1mm', the command
produces a picture of width 100 millimeters and height 200 millimeters,
whose lower-left corner is the point (10,20) and whose upper-right
-corner is therefore the point (110,220). When you first draw a
-picture, you typically omit the optional argument, leaving the origin
-at the lower-left corner. If you then want to modify your picture by
-shifting everything, you can just add the appropriate optional argument.
+corner is therefore the point (110,220). When you first draw a picture,
+you typically omit the optional argument, leaving the origin at the
+lower-left corner. If you then want to modify your picture by shifting
+everything, you can just add the appropriate optional argument.
The environment's mandatory argument determines the nominal size of
-the picture. This need bear no relation to how large the picture
-really is; LaTeX will happily allow you to put things outside the
-picture, or even off the page. The picture's nominal size is used by
-LaTeX in determining how much room to leave for it.
+the picture. This need bear no relation to how large the picture really
+is; LaTeX will happily allow you to put things outside the picture, or
+even off the page. The picture's nominal size is used by LaTeX in
+determining how much room to leave for it.
Everything that appears in a picture is drawn by the `\put' command.
The command
@@ -1553,8 +1542,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \makebox (picture), Next: \framebox (picture), Prev
normal `\makebox' command except that you must specify a `width' and
`height' in multiples of `\unitlength'.
- The optional argument, `[position]', specifies the quadrant that
-your text appears in. You may select up to two of the following:
+ The optional argument, `[position]', specifies the quadrant that your
+text appears in. You may select up to two of the following:
`t'
Moves the item to the top of the rectangle.
@@ -1568,7 +1557,6 @@ your text appears in. You may select up to two of the following:
`r'
Moves the item to the right.
-
*Note \makebox::.

@@ -1585,9 +1573,8 @@ Synopsis:
except that it puts a frame around the outside of the box that it
creates.
- The `\framebox' command produces a rule of thickness `\fboxrule',
-and leaves a space `\fboxsep' between the rule and the contents of the
-box.
+ The `\framebox' command produces a rule of thickness `\fboxrule', and
+leaves a space `\fboxsep' between the rule and the contents of the box.

File: latex2e.info, Node: \dashbox, Next: \frame, Prev: \framebox (picture), Up: picture
@@ -1602,8 +1589,10 @@ Draws a box with a dashed line. Synopsis:
`\dashbox' creates a dashed rectangle around TEXT in a `picture'
environment. Dashes are DLEN units long, and the rectangle has overall
width RWIDTH and height RHEIGHT. The TEXT is positioned at optional
-POS. A dashed box looks best when the `rwidth' and `rheight' are
-multiples of the `dlen'.
+POS.
+
+ A dashed box looks best when the `rwidth' and `rheight' are multiples
+of the `dlen'.

File: latex2e.info, Node: \frame, Next: \line, Prev: \dashbox, Up: picture
@@ -1813,8 +1802,8 @@ Synopsis:
\end{tabbing}
The `tabbing' environment provides a way to align text in columns.
-It works by setting tab stops and tabbing to them much as was done on
-an ordinary typewriter. It is best suited for cases where the width of
+It works by setting tab stops and tabbing to them much as was done on an
+ordinary typewriter. It is best suited for cases where the width of
each column is constant and known in advance.
This environment can be broken across pages, unlike the `tabular'
@@ -1822,7 +1811,7 @@ environment.
The following commands can be used inside a `tabbing' enviroment:
-`\\ tabbing'
+`\\ (tabbing)'
End a line.
`\= (tabbing)'
@@ -1846,8 +1835,8 @@ environment.
`\' (tabbing)'
Moves everything that you have typed so far in the current column,
i.e. everything from the most recent `\>', `\<', `\'', `\\', or
- `\kill' command, to the right of the previous column, flush
- against the current column's tab stop.
+ `\kill' command, to the right of the previous column, flush against
+ the current column's tab stop.
`\` (tabbing)'
Allows you to put text flush right against any tab stop, including
@@ -1859,15 +1848,15 @@ environment.
`\`' and the command that ends the line.
`\a (tabbing)'
- In a `tabbing' environment, the commands `\=', `\'' and `\`' do
- not produce accents as usual (*note Accents::). Instead, the
- commands `\a=', `\a'' and `\a`' are used.
+ In a `tabbing' environment, the commands `\=', `\'' and `\`' do not
+ produce accents as usual (*note Accents::). Instead, the commands
+ `\a=', `\a'' and `\a`' are used.
`\kill'
- Sets tab stops without producing text. Works just like `\\'
- except that it throws away the current line instead of producing
- output for it. The effect of any `\=', `\+' or `\-' commands in
- that line remain in effect.
+ Sets tab stops without producing text. Works just like `\\' except
+ that it throws away the current line instead of producing output
+ for it. The effect of any `\=', `\+' or `\-' commands in that line
+ remain in effect.
`\poptabs'
Restores the tab stop positions saved by the last `\pushtabs'.
@@ -1880,7 +1869,6 @@ environment.
`\tabbingsep'
Distance to left of tab stop moved by `\''.
-
This example typesets a Pascal function in a traditional format:
\begin{tabbing}
@@ -1909,16 +1897,16 @@ Synopsis:
\end{table}
Tables are objects that are not part of the normal text, and are
-usually "floated" to a convenient place, like the top of a page.
-Tables will not be split between two pages.
+usually "floated" to a convenient place, like the top of a page. Tables
+will not be split between two pages.
The optional argument `[placement]' determines where LaTeX will try
to place your table. There are four places where LaTeX can possibly put
a float; these are the same as that used with the `figure' environment,
and described there (*note figure::).
- The standard `report' and `article' classes use the default
-placement `[tbp]'.
+ The standard `report' and `article' classes use the default placement
+`[tbp]'.
The body of the table is made up of whatever text, LaTeX commands,
etc., you wish. The `\caption' command allows you to title your table.
@@ -1946,9 +1934,9 @@ Synopsis:
These environments produce a box consisting of a sequence of rows of
items, aligned vertically in columns.
- `\\' must be used to specify the end of each row of the table,
-except for the last, where it is optional--unless an `\hline' command
-(to put a rule below the table) follows.
+ `\\' must be used to specify the end of each row of the table, except
+for the last, where it is optional--unless an `\hline' command (to put a
+rule below the table) follows.
The mandatory and optional arguments consist of:
@@ -1958,13 +1946,13 @@ except for the last, where it is optional--unless an `\hline' command
specified width.
`pos'
- Specifies the vertical position; default is alignment on the
- centre of the environment.
+ Specifies the vertical position; default is alignment on the centre
+ of the environment.
- `t'
+ `t'
align on top row
- `b'
+ `b'
align on bottom row
`cols'
@@ -1972,31 +1960,31 @@ except for the last, where it is optional--unless an `\hline' command
following specifiers, corresponding to the sequence of columns and
intercolumn material.
- `l'
+ `l'
A column of left-aligned items.
- `r'
+ `r'
A column of right-aligned items.
- `'
- A column of centred items.
+ `c'
+ A column of centered items.
- `|'
+ `|'
A vertical line the full height and depth of the environment.
- `@{TEXT}'
+ `@{TEXT}'
This inserts TEXT in every row. An @-expression suppresses
the intercolumn space normally inserted between columns; any
- desired space between the inserted text and the adjacent
- items must be included in TEXT. An `\extracolsep{wd}'
- command in an @-expression causes an extra space of width
- `wd' to appear to the left of all subsequent columns, until
- countermanded by another `\extracolsep' command. Unlike
- ordinary intercolumn space, this extra space is not
- suppressed by an @-expression. An `\extracolsep' command can
- be used only in an @-expression in the `cols' argument.
-
- `p{WD}'
+ desired space between the inserted text and the adjacent items
+ must be included in TEXT. An `\extracolsep{wd}' command in an
+ @-expression causes an extra space of width `wd' to appear to
+ the left of all subsequent columns, until countermanded by
+ another `\extracolsep' command. Unlike ordinary intercolumn
+ space, this extra space is not suppressed by an @-expression.
+ An `\extracolsep' command can be used only in an @-expression
+ in the `cols' argument.
+
+ `p{WD}'
Produces a column with each item typeset in a parbox of width
WD, as if it were the argument of a `\parbox[t]{WD}' command.
However, a `\\' may not appear in the item, except in the
@@ -2012,17 +2000,16 @@ except for the last, where it is optional--unless an `\hline' command
appear inside braces or an environment when used in a
`p'-column element.
- `*{NUM}{COLS}'
+ `*{NUM}{COLS}'
Equivalent to NUM copies of COLS, where NUM is a positive
integer and COLS is any list of column-specifiers, which may
contain another `*-expression'.
-
Parameters that control formatting:
`\arrayrulewidth'
- Thickness of the rule created by `|', `\hline', and `\vline' in
- the `tabular' and `array' environments; the default is `.4pt'.
+ Thickness of the rule created by `|', `\hline', and `\vline' in the
+ `tabular' and `array' environments; the default is `.4pt'.
`\arraystretch'
Scaling of spacing between rows in the `tabular' and `array'
@@ -2035,7 +2022,6 @@ except for the last, where it is optional--unless an `\hline' command
`\tabcolsep'
Half the width of the space between columns; default is `6pt'.
-
These commands can be used inside a `tabular' environment:
* Menu:
@@ -2054,12 +2040,11 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \multicolumn, Next: \cline, Up: tabular
Synopsis:
\multicolumn{COLS}{POS}{TEXT}
- The `\multicolumn' command makes an entry that spans several
-columns. The first mandatory argument, COLS, specifies the number of
-columns to span. The second mandatory argument, POS, specifies the
-formatting of the entry; `c' for centered, `l' for flushleft, `r' for
-flushright. The third mandatory argument, TEXT, specifies what text to
-put in the entry.
+ The `\multicolumn' command makes an entry that spans several columns.
+The first mandatory argument, COLS, specifies the number of columns to
+span. The second mandatory argument, POS, specifies the formatting of
+the entry; `c' for centered, `l' for flushleft, `r' for flushright. The
+third mandatory argument, TEXT, specifies what text to put in the entry.
Here's an example showing two columns separated by an en-dash;
`\multicolumn' is used for the heading:
@@ -2101,10 +2086,9 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \vline, Prev: \hline, Up: tabular
8.23.4 `\vline'
---------------
-The `\vline' command will draw a vertical line extending the full
-height and depth of its row. An `\hfill' command can be used to move
-the line to the edge of the column. It can also be used in an
-@-expression.
+The `\vline' command will draw a vertical line extending the full height
+and depth of its row. An `\hfill' command can be used to move the line
+to the edge of the column. It can also be used in an @-expression.

File: latex2e.info, Node: thebibliography, Next: theorem, Prev: tabular, Up: Environments
@@ -2122,16 +2106,16 @@ Synopsis:
The `thebibliography' environment produces a bibliography or
reference list.
- In the `article' class, this reference list is labelled
-"References"; in the `report' class, it is labelled "Bibliography".
-You can change the label (in the standard classes) by redefining the
-command `\refname'. For instance, this eliminates it entirely:
+ In the `article' class, this reference list is labelled "References";
+in the `report' class, it is labelled "Bibliography". You can change
+the label (in the standard classes) by redefining the command
+`\refname'. For instance, this eliminates it entirely:
\renewcommand{\refname}{}
- The mandatory WIDEST-LABEL argument is text that, when typeset, is
-as wide as the widest item label produced by the `\bibitem' commands.
-It is typically given as `9' for bibliographies with less than 10
+ The mandatory WIDEST-LABEL argument is text that, when typeset, is as
+wide as the widest item label produced by the `\bibitem' commands. It
+is typically given as `9' for bibliographies with less than 10
references, `99' for ones with less than 100, etc.
* Menu:
@@ -2151,12 +2135,12 @@ Synopsis:
\bibitem[LABEL]{CITE_KEY}
The `\bibitem' command generates an entry labelled by LABEL. If the
-LABEL argument is missing, a number is automatically generated using
-the `enumi' counter. The CITE_KEY is any sequence of letters, numbers,
-and punctuation symbols not containing a comma.
+LABEL argument is missing, a number is automatically generated using the
+`enumi' counter. The CITE_KEY is any sequence of letters, numbers, and
+punctuation symbols not containing a comma.
- This command writes an entry to the `.aux' file containing the
-item's CITE_KEY and label. When the `.aux' file is read by the
+ This command writes an entry to the `.aux' file containing the item's
+CITE_KEY and label. When the `.aux' file is read by the
`\begin{document}' command, the item's `label' is associated with
`cite_key', causing references to CITE_KEY with a `\cite' command (see
next section) to produce the associated label.
@@ -2172,12 +2156,11 @@ Synopsis:
\cite[SUBCITE]{KEYS
The KEYS argument is a list of one or more citation keys, separated
-by commas. This command generates an in-text citation to the
-references associated with KEYS by entries in the `.aux' file.
+by commas. This command generates an in-text citation to the references
+associated with KEYS by entries in the `.aux' file.
- The text of the optional SUBCITE argument appears after the
-citation. For example, `\cite[p.~314]{knuth}' might produce `[Knuth,
-p. 314]'.
+ The text of the optional SUBCITE argument appears after the citation.
+For example, `\cite[p.~314]{knuth}' might produce `[Knuth, p. 314]'.

File: latex2e.info, Node: \nocite, Next: Using BibTeX, Prev: \cite, Up: thebibliography
@@ -2230,8 +2213,8 @@ demands of various publications. See
The `\bibliography' command is what actually produces the
bibliography. The argument to `\bibliography' refers to files named
`BIBFILE.bib', which should contain your database in BibTeX format.
-Only the entries referred to via `\cite' and `\nocite' will be listed
-in the bibliography.
+Only the entries referred to via `\cite' and `\nocite' will be listed in
+the bibliography.

File: latex2e.info, Node: theorem, Next: titlepage, Prev: thebibliography, Up: Environments
@@ -2262,9 +2245,9 @@ Synopsis:
\end{titlepage}
The `titlepage' environment creates a title page, i.e., a page with
-no printed page number or heading. It also causes the following page
-to be numbered page one. Formatting the title page is left to you.
-The `\today' command may be useful on title pages (*note \today::).
+no printed page number or heading. It also causes the following page to
+be numbered page one. Formatting the title page is left to you. The
+`\today' command may be useful on title pages (*note \today::).
You can use the `\maketitle' command (*note \maketitle::) to produce
a standard title page without a `titlepage' environment.
@@ -2281,11 +2264,11 @@ Synopsis:
LITERAL-TEXT
\end{verbatim}
- The `verbatim' environment is a paragraph-making environment in
-which LaTeX produces exactly what you type in; for instance the `\'
-character produces a printed `\'. It turns LaTeX into a typewriter
-with carriage returns and blanks having the same effect that they would
-on a typewriter.
+ The `verbatim' environment is a paragraph-making environment in which
+LaTeX produces exactly what you type in; for instance the `\' character
+produces a printed `\'. It turns LaTeX into a typewriter with carriage
+returns and blanks having the same effect that they would on a
+typewriter.
The `verbatim' uses a monospaced typewriter-like font (`\tt').
@@ -2341,10 +2324,10 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: Line breaking, Next: Page breaking, Prev: Environme
9 Line breaking
***************
-The first thing LaTeX does when processing ordinary text is to
-translate your input file into a sequence of glyphs and spaces. To
-produce a printed document, this sequence must be broken into lines
-(and these lines must be broken into pages).
+The first thing LaTeX does when processing ordinary text is to translate
+your input file into a sequence of glyphs and spaces. To produce a
+printed document, this sequence must be broken into lines (and these
+lines must be broken into pages).
LaTeX usually does the line (and page) breaking for you, but in some
environments, you do the line breaking yourself with the `\\' command,
@@ -2403,13 +2386,13 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \- (hyphenation), Next: \fussy, Prev: \newline, Up
===============================
The `\-' command tells LaTeX that it may hyphenate the word at that
-point. LaTeX is very good at hyphenating, and it will usually find
-most of the correct hyphenation points, and almost never use an
-incorrect one. The `\-' command is used for the exceptional cases.
+point. LaTeX is very good at hyphenating, and it will usually find most
+of the correct hyphenation points, and almost never use an incorrect
+one. The `\-' command is used for the exceptional cases.
When you insert `\-' commands in a word, the word will only be
-hyphenated at those points and not at any of the hyphenation points
-that LaTeX might otherwise have chosen.
+hyphenated at those points and not at any of the hyphenation points that
+LaTeX might otherwise have chosen.

File: latex2e.info, Node: \fussy, Next: \sloppy, Prev: \- (hyphenation), Up: Line breaking
@@ -2418,8 +2401,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \fussy, Next: \sloppy, Prev: \- (hyphenation), Up:
============
The declaration `\fussy' (which is the default) makes TeX picky about
-line breaking. This usually avoids too much space between words, at
-the cost of an occasional overfull box.
+line breaking. This usually avoids too much space between words, at the
+cost of an occasional overfull box.
This command cancels the effect of a previous `\sloppy' command
(*note \sloppy::.
@@ -2430,8 +2413,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \sloppy, Next: \hyphenation, Prev: \fussy, Up: Lin
9.6 `\sloppy'
=============
-The declaration `\sloppy' makes TeX less fussy about line breaking.
-This will avoid overfull boxes, at the cost of loose interword spacing.
+The declaration `\sloppy' makes TeX less fussy about line breaking. This
+will avoid overfull boxes, at the cost of loose interword spacing.
Lasts until a `\fussy' command is issued (*note \fussy::).
@@ -2445,11 +2428,11 @@ Synopsis:
\hyphenation{WORD-ONE WORD-TWO}
- The `\hyphenation' command declares allowed hyphenation points with
-a `-' character in the given words. The words are separated by spaces.
+ The `\hyphenation' command declares allowed hyphenation points with a
+`-' character in the given words. The words are separated by spaces.
TeX will only hyphenate if the word matches exactly, no inflections are
-tried. Multiple `\hyphenation' commands accumulate. Some examples
-(the default TeX hyphenation patterns misses the hyphenations in these
+tried. Multiple `\hyphenation' commands accumulate. Some examples (the
+default TeX hyphenation patterns misses the hyphenations in these
words):
\hyphenation{ap-pen-dix col-umns data-base data-bases}
@@ -2470,9 +2453,9 @@ Synopses:
spaces in the line are stretched out so that it extends to the right
margin as usual.
- With the optional argument PRIORITY, you can convert the command
-from a demand to a request. The PRIORITY must be a number from 0 to 4.
-The higher the number, the more insistent the request.
+ With the optional argument PRIORITY, you can convert the command from
+a demand to a request. The PRIORITY must be a number from 0 to 4. The
+higher the number, the more insistent the request.

File: latex2e.info, Node: Page breaking, Next: Footnotes, Prev: Line breaking, Up: Top
@@ -2532,8 +2515,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \enlargethispage, Next: \pagebreak & \nopagebreak,
`\enlargethispage*{size}'
Enlarge the `\textheight' for the current page by the specified
-amount; e.g. `\enlargethispage{\baselineskip}' will allow one
-additional line.
+amount; e.g. `\enlargethispage{\baselineskip}' will allow one additional
+line.
The starred form tries to squeeze the material together on the page
as much as possible. This is normally used together with an explicit
@@ -2555,10 +2538,9 @@ Synopses:
vertical space on the page is stretched out where possible so that it
extends to the normal bottom margin.
- With the optional argument PRIORITY, you can convert the
-`\pagebreak' command from a demand to a request. The number must be a
-number from 0 to 4. The higher the number, the more insistent the
-request is.
+ With the optional argument PRIORITY, you can convert the `\pagebreak'
+command from a demand to a request. The number must be a number from 0
+to 4. The higher the number, the more insistent the request is.

File: latex2e.info, Node: Footnotes, Next: Definitions, Prev: Page breaking, Up: Top
@@ -2566,9 +2548,9 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: Footnotes, Next: Definitions, Prev: Page breaking,
11 Footnotes
************
-Footnotes can be produced in one of two ways. They can be produced
-with one command, the `\footnote' command. They can also be produced
-with two commands, the `\footnotemark' and the `\footnotetext' commands.
+Footnotes can be produced in one of two ways. They can be produced with
+one command, the `\footnote' command. They can also be produced with
+two commands, the `\footnotemark' and the `\footnotetext' commands.
* Menu:
@@ -2593,8 +2575,8 @@ bottom of the current page. The optional argument NUMBER changes the
default footnote number.
This command can only be used in outer paragraph mode; i.e., you
-cannot use it in sectioning commands like `\chapter', in figures,
-tables or in a `tabular' environment. (See following sections.)
+cannot use it in sectioning commands like `\chapter', in figures, tables
+or in a `tabular' environment. (See following sections.)

File: latex2e.info, Node: \footnotemark, Next: \footnotetext, Prev: \footnote, Up: Footnotes
@@ -2666,7 +2648,6 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: Footnote parameters, Prev: Symbolic footnotes, Up:
between footnotes. This is `6.65pt' for `10pt', `7.7pt' for
`11pt', and `8.4pt' for `12pt'.
-

File: latex2e.info, Node: Definitions, Next: Counters, Prev: Footnotes, Up: Top
@@ -2707,8 +2688,8 @@ CMD
NARGS
An optional integer from 1 to 9 specifying the number of arguments
- that the command will take. The default is for the command to
- have no arguments.
+ that the command will take. The default is for the command to have
+ no arguments.
DEFAULT
If this optional parameter is present, it means that the command's
@@ -2721,7 +2702,6 @@ DEFN
construct of the form `#N' in DEFN is replaced by the text of the
Nth argument.
-

File: latex2e.info, Node: \newcounter, Next: \newlength, Prev: \newcommand & \renewcommand, Up: Definitions
@@ -2750,10 +2730,9 @@ Synopsis:
\newlength{\ARG}
- The `\newlength' command defines the mandatory argument as a
-`length' command with a value of `0in'. The argument must be a control
-sequence, as in `\newlength{\foo}'. An error occurs if `\foo' is
-already defined.
+ The `\newlength' command defines the mandatory argument as a `length'
+command with a value of `0in'. The argument must be a control sequence,
+as in `\newlength{\foo}'. An error occurs if `\foo' is already defined.
*Note Lengths::, for how to set the new length to a nonzero value,
and for more information about lengths in general.
@@ -2801,15 +2780,14 @@ DEFAULT
gives the default value for that argument.
BEGDEF
- The text expanded at every occurrence of `\begin{ENV}'; a
- construct of the form `#N' in BEGDEF is replaced by the text of
- the Nth argument.
+ The text expanded at every occurrence of `\begin{ENV}'; a construct
+ of the form `#N' in BEGDEF is replaced by the text of the Nth
+ argument.
ENDDEF
The text expanded at every occurrence of `\end{ENV}'. It may not
contain any argument parameters.
-

File: latex2e.info, Node: \newtheorem, Next: \newfont, Prev: \newenvironment & \renewenvironment, Up: Definitions
@@ -2839,7 +2817,6 @@ WITHIN
unit. The new theorem counter will be reset at the same time as
the WITHIN counter.
-
At most one of NUMBERED_LIKE and WITHIN can be specified, not both.

@@ -2852,9 +2829,9 @@ Synopsis:
\newfont{CMD}{FONTNAME}
- Defines a control sequence `\CMD', which must not already be
-defined, to make FONTNAME be the current font. The file looked for on
-the system is named `FONTNAME.tfm'.
+ Defines a control sequence `\CMD', which must not already be defined,
+to make FONTNAME be the current font. The file looked for on the system
+is named `FONTNAME.tfm'.
This is a low-level command for setting up to use an individual font.
More commonly, fonts are defined in families through `.fd' files.
@@ -2867,23 +2844,22 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \protect, Prev: \newfont, Up: Definitions
Footnotes, line breaks, any command that has an optional argument, and
many more are so-called "fragile" commands. When a fragile command is
-used in certain contexts, called "moving arguments", it must be
-preceded by `\protect'. In addition, any fragile commands within the
-arguments must have their own `\protect'.
+used in certain contexts, called "moving arguments", it must be preceded
+by `\protect'. In addition, any fragile commands within the arguments
+must have their own `\protect'.
Some examples of moving arguments are `\caption' (*note figure::),
-`\thanks' (*note \maketitle::), and expressions in `tabular' and
-`array' environments (*note tabular::).
+`\thanks' (*note \maketitle::), and expressions in `tabular' and `array'
+environments (*note tabular::).
- Commands which are not fragile are called "robust". They must not
-be preceded by `\protect'.
+ Commands which are not fragile are called "robust". They must not be
+preceded by `\protect'.
See also:
`http://www-h.eng.cam.ac.uk/help/tpl/textprocessing/teTeX/latex/latex2e-html/fragile.html'
`http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=protect'
-

File: latex2e.info, Node: Counters, Next: Lengths, Prev: Definitions, Up: Top
@@ -2892,10 +2868,9 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: Counters, Next: Lengths, Prev: Definitions, Up: To
Everything LaTeX numbers for you has a counter associated with it. The
name of the counter is the same as the name of the environment or
-command that produces the number, except with no `\'.
-(`enumi'-`enumiv' are used for the nested enumerate environment.)
-Below is a list of the counters used in LaTeX's standard document
-classes to control numbering.
+command that produces the number, except with no `\'. (`enumi'-`enumiv'
+are used for the nested enumerate environment.) Below is a list of the
+counters used in LaTeX's standard document classes to control numbering.
part paragraph figure enumi
chapter subparagraph table enumii
@@ -2940,15 +2915,15 @@ instance, `\alph{enumi}'.
`\fnsymbol'
prints the value of COUNTER in a specific sequence of nine symbols
- (conventionally used for labeling footnotes). The value of
- COUNTER must be between 1 and 9, inclusive.
+ (conventionally used for labeling footnotes). The value of COUNTER
+ must be between 1 and 9, inclusive.
The symbols mostly aren't supported in Info, but here are the
names:
+
asterix(*) dagger ddagger section-sign paragraph-sign parallel
double-asterix(**) double-dagger double-ddagger
-

File: latex2e.info, Node: \usecounter, Next: \value, Prev: \alph \Alph \arabic \roman \Roman \fnsymbol, Up: Counters
@@ -3009,8 +2984,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \refstepcounter, Next: \stepcounter, Prev: \addtoco
===============================
The `\refstepcounter' command works in the same way as `\stepcounter'
-*Note \stepcounter::, except it also defines the current `\ref' value
-to be the result of `\thecounter'.
+*Note \stepcounter::, except it also defines the current `\ref' value to
+be the result of `\thecounter'.

File: latex2e.info, Node: \stepcounter, Next: \day \month \year, Prev: \refstepcounter, Up: Counters
@@ -3018,8 +2993,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \stepcounter, Next: \day \month \year, Prev: \refst
13.7 `\stepcounter{COUNTER}'
============================
-The `\stepcounter' command adds one to COUNTER and resets all
-subsidiary counters.
+The `\stepcounter' command adds one to COUNTER and resets all subsidiary
+counters.

File: latex2e.info, Node: \day \month \year, Prev: \stepcounter, Up: Counters
@@ -3027,10 +3002,10 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \day \month \year, Prev: \stepcounter, Up: Counters
13.8 `\day \month \year': Predefined counters
=============================================
-LaTeX defines counters for the day of the month (`\day', 1-31), month
-of the year (`\month', 1-12), and year (`\year', Common Era). When TeX
-starts up, they are set to the current values on the system where TeX
-is running. They are not updated as the job progresses.
+LaTeX defines counters for the day of the month (`\day', 1-31), month of
+the year (`\month', 1-12), and year (`\year', Common Era). When TeX
+starts up, they are set to the current values on the system where TeX is
+running. They are not updated as the job progresses.
The related command `\today' produces a string representing the
current day (*note \today::).
@@ -3059,9 +3034,9 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \setlength, Next: \addtolength, Up: Lengths
14.1 `\setlength{\LEN}{VALUE}'
==============================
-The `\setlength' sets the value of \LEN to the VALUE argument, which
-can be expressed in any units that LaTeX understands, i.e., inches
-(`in'), millimeters (`mm'), points (`pt'), big points (`bp', etc.
+The `\setlength' sets the value of \LEN to the VALUE argument, which can
+be expressed in any units that LaTeX understands, i.e., inches (`in'),
+millimeters (`mm'), points (`pt'), big points (`bp', etc.

File: latex2e.info, Node: \addtolength, Next: \settodepth, Prev: \setlength, Up: Lengths
@@ -3091,8 +3066,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \settoheight, Next: \settowidth, Prev: \settodepth,
`\settoheight{\gnat}{text}'
- The `\settoheight' command sets the value of a `length' command
-equal to the height of the `text' argument.
+ The `\settoheight' command sets the value of a `length' command equal
+to the height of the `text' argument.

File: latex2e.info, Node: \settowidth, Next: Predefined lengths, Prev: \settoheight, Up: Lengths
@@ -3109,19 +3084,18 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: Predefined lengths, Prev: \settowidth, Up: Lengths
14.6 Predefined lengths
=======================
-`\width'
+`\width'
- `\height'
+ `\height'
- `\depth'
+ `\depth'
- `\totalheight'
+ `\totalheight'
These length parameters can be used in the arguments of the
-box-making commands (*note Boxes::). They specify the natural width
-etc. of the text in the box. `\totalheight' equals `\height' +
-`\depth'. To make a box with the text stretched to double the natural
-size, e.g., say
+box-making commands (*note Boxes::). They specify the natural width etc.
+of the text in the box. `\totalheight' equals `\height' + `\depth'. To
+make a box with the text stretched to double the natural size, e.g., say
`\makebox[2\width]{Get a stretcher}'
@@ -3173,8 +3147,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \parskip, Next: Marginal notes, Prev: \noindent, U
15.3 `\parskip'
===============
-`\parskip' is a rubber length defining extra vertical space added
-before each paragraph. The default is `0pt plus1pt'.
+`\parskip' is a rubber length defining extra vertical space added before
+each paragraph. The default is `0pt plus1pt'.

File: latex2e.info, Node: Marginal notes, Prev: \parskip, Up: Making paragraphs
@@ -3216,15 +3190,17 @@ hyphenation there by beginning the node with `\hspace{0pt}'.
documents, `5pt' else.
`\marginparsep'
- Horizontal space between the main text and the note; default
- `11pt' for `10pt' documents, `10pt' else.
+ Horizontal space between the main text and the note; default `11pt'
+ for `10pt' documents, `10pt' else.
`\marginparwidth'
Width of the note itself; default for a one-sided `10pt' document
- is `90pt', `83pt' for `11pt', and `68pt' for `12pt'; `17pt' more
- in each case for a two-sided document. In two column mode, the
+ is `90pt', `83pt' for `11pt', and `68pt' for `12pt'; `17pt' more in
+ each case for a two-sided document. In two column mode, the
default is `48pt'.
+ The standard LaTeX routine for marginal notes does not prevent notes
+from falling off the bottom of the page.

File: latex2e.info, Node: Math formulas, Next: Modes, Prev: Making paragraphs, Up: Top
@@ -3244,8 +3220,8 @@ There are three environments that put LaTeX in math mode:
The same as the displaymath environment except that it adds an
equation number in the right margin.
- The `math' environment can be used in both paragraph and LR mode,
-but the `displaymath' and `equation' environments can be used only in
+ The `math' environment can be used in both paragraph and LR mode, but
+the `displaymath' and `equation' environments can be used only in
paragraph mode. The `math' and `displaymath' environments are used so
often that they have the following short forms:
@@ -3259,8 +3235,8 @@ shorter form:
The `\boldmath' command changes math letters and symbols to be in a
bold font. It is used _outside_ of math mode. Conversely, the
-`\unboldmath' command changes math glyphs to be in a normal font; it
-too is used _outside_ of math mode.
+`\unboldmath' command changes math glyphs to be in a normal font; it too
+is used _outside_ of math mode.
The `\displaystyle' declaration forces the size and style of the
formula to be that of `displaymath', e.g., with limits above and below
@@ -3283,10 +3259,10 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: Subscripts & superscripts, Next: Math symbols, Up:
==============================
To get an expression exp to appear as a subscript, you just type
-`_{'exp`}'. To get exp to appear as a superscript, you type
-`^{'exp`}'. LaTeX handles superscripted superscripts and all of that
-stuff in the natural way. It even does the right thing when something
-has both a subscript and a superscript.
+`_{'exp`}'. To get exp to appear as a superscript, you type `^{'exp`}'.
+LaTeX handles superscripted superscripts and all of that stuff in the
+natural way. It even does the right thing when something has both a
+subscript and a superscript.

File: latex2e.info, Node: Math symbols, Next: Math functions, Prev: Subscripts & superscripts, Up: Math formulas
@@ -3294,8 +3270,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: Math symbols, Next: Math functions, Prev: Subscript
16.2 Math symbols
=================
-LaTeX provides almost any mathematical symbol you're likely to need.
-The commands for generating them can be used only in math mode. For
+LaTeX provides almost any mathematical symbol you're likely to need. The
+commands for generating them can be used only in math mode. For
example, if you include `$\pi$' in your source, you will get the pi
symbol (\pi) in your output.
@@ -3927,7 +3903,6 @@ symbol (\pi) in your output.
`\zeta'
\zeta
-

File: latex2e.info, Node: Math functions, Next: Math accents, Prev: Math symbols, Up: Math formulas
@@ -4039,7 +4014,6 @@ spacing.
`\tanh'
\tanh
-

File: latex2e.info, Node: Math accents, Next: Spacing in math mode, Prev: Math functions, Up: Math formulas
@@ -4051,28 +4025,28 @@ math. These are different from accents in normal text (*note
Accents::).
`\acute'
- Math acute accent: \acutex.
+ Math acute accent: \acute{x}.
`\bar'
- Math bar-over accent: \barx.
+ Math bar-over accent: \bar{x}.
`\breve'
- Math breve accent: \brevex.
+ Math breve accent: \breve{x}.
`\check'
- Math ha'c<ek (check) accent: \checkx.
+ Math ha'c<ek (check) accent: \check{x}.
`\ddot'
- Math dieresis accent: \ddotx.
+ Math dieresis accent: \ddot{x}.
`\dot'
- Math dot accent: \dotx.
+ Math dot accent: \dot{x}.
`\grave'
- Math grave accent: \gravex.
+ Math grave accent: \grave{x}.
`\hat'
- Math hat (circumflex) accent: \hatx.
+ Math hat (circumflex) accent: \hat{x}.
`\imath'
Math dotless i.
@@ -4081,17 +4055,16 @@ Accents::).
Math dotless j.
`\tilde'
- Math tilde accent: \tildex.
+ Math tilde accent: \tilde{x}.
`\vec'
- Math vector symbol: \vecx.
+ Math vector symbol: \vec{x}.
`\widehat'
- Math wide hat accent: \widehatx+y.
+ Math wide hat accent: \widehat{x+y}.
`\widehat'
- Math wide tilde accent: \widetildex+y.
-
+ Math wide tilde accent: \widetilde{x+y}.

File: latex2e.info, Node: Spacing in math mode, Next: Math miscellany, Prev: Math accents, Up: Math formulas
@@ -4100,9 +4073,9 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: Spacing in math mode, Next: Math miscellany, Prev:
=========================
In a `math' environment, LaTeX ignores the spaces you type and puts in
-the spacing according to the normal rules for mathematics texts. If
-you want different spacing, LaTeX provides the following commands for
-use in math mode:
+the spacing according to the normal rules for mathematics texts. If you
+want different spacing, LaTeX provides the following commands for use in
+math mode:
`\;'
A thick space (5\over18\,quad).
@@ -4115,7 +4088,7 @@ use in math mode:
A thin space (1\over6\,quad); not restricted to math mode.
`\!'
- A negative thin space (-1\over6\,quad).
+ A negative thin space (-{1\over6}\,quad).

File: latex2e.info, Node: Math miscellany, Prev: Spacing in math mode, Up: Math formulas
@@ -4143,11 +4116,11 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: Math miscellany, Prev: Spacing in math mode, Up: Ma
math in between. Example: `\left( \sum_i=1^10 a_i \right]'.
`\overbrace{TEXT}'
- Generates a brace over TEXT. For example, \overbracex+\cdots+x^k
- \rm\;times.
+ Generates a brace over TEXT. For example,
+ \overbrace{x+\cdots+x}^{k \rm\;times}.
`\overline{TEXT}'
- Generates a horizontal line over TEX. For exampe, \overlinex+y.
+ Generates a horizontal line over TEX. For exampe, \overline{x+y}.
`\sqrt[ROOT]{arg}'
Produces the representation of the square root of ARG. The
@@ -4170,7 +4143,6 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: Math miscellany, Prev: Spacing in math mode, Up: Ma
`\vdots'
Produces a vertical ellipsis.
-

File: latex2e.info, Node: Modes, Next: Page styles, Prev: Math formulas, Up: Top
@@ -4207,8 +4179,8 @@ command. You can get it to enter a different mode inside the box - for
example, you can make it enter math mode to put a formula in the box.
There are also several text-producing commands and environments for
making a box that put LaTeX in paragraph mode. The box make by one of
-these commands or environments will be called a `parbox'. When LaTeX
-is in paragraph mode while making a box, it is said to be in "inner
+these commands or environments will be called a `parbox'. When LaTeX is
+in paragraph mode while making a box, it is said to be in "inner
paragraph mode". Its normal paragraph mode, which it starts out in, is
called "outer paragraph mode".
@@ -4242,8 +4214,8 @@ obtained from the following declarations:
`\author{NAME \and NAME2}'
The `\author' command declares the document author(s), where the
argument is a list of authors separated by `\and' commands. Use
- `\\' to separate lines within a single author's entry--for
- example, to give the author's institution or address.
+ `\\' to separate lines within a single author's entry--for example,
+ to give the author's institution or address.
`\date{TEXT}'
The `\date' command declares TEXT to be the document's date. With
@@ -4254,9 +4226,8 @@ obtained from the following declarations:
used for credit acknowledgements.
`\title{TEXT}'
- The `\title' command declares TEXT to be the title of the
- document. Use `\\' to force a line break, as usual.
-
+ The `\title' command declares TEXT to be the title of the document.
+ Use `\\' to force a line break, as usual.

File: latex2e.info, Node: \pagenumbering, Next: \pagestyle, Prev: \maketitle, Up: Page styles
@@ -4312,7 +4283,6 @@ typeset from the current page onwards. Values for STYLE:
Custom headers, specified via the `\markboth' or the `\markright'
commands.
-
Here are the descriptions of `\markboth' and `\markright':
`\markboth{LEFT}{RIGHT}'
@@ -4325,7 +4295,6 @@ typeset from the current page onwards. Values for STYLE:
`\markright{RIGHT}'
Sets the right heading, leaving the left heading unchanged.
-

File: latex2e.info, Node: \thispagestyle, Prev: \pagestyle, Up: Page styles
@@ -4376,11 +4345,10 @@ Synopsis:
\hspace[*]{LENGTH}
- The `\hspace' command adds horizontal space. The LENGTH argument
-can be expressed in any terms that LaTeX understands: points, inches,
-etc. It is a rubber length. You can add both negative and positive
-space with an `\hspace' command; adding negative space is like
-backspacing.
+ The `\hspace' command adds horizontal space. The LENGTH argument can
+be expressed in any terms that LaTeX understands: points, inches, etc.
+It is a rubber length. You can add both negative and positive space
+with an `\hspace' command; adding negative space is like backspacing.
LaTeX normally removes horizontal space that comes at the beginning
or end of a line. To preserve this space, use the optional `*' form.
@@ -4404,10 +4372,10 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \SPACE, Next: \AT, Prev: \hfill, Up: Spaces
19.3 `\SPACE'
=============
-The `\ ' (space) command produces a normal interword space. It's
-useful after punctuation which shouldn't end a sentence. For example
-`Knuth's article in Proc.\ Amer.\ Math\. Soc.\ is fundamental'. It is
-also often used after control sequences, as in `\TeX\ is a nice system.'
+The `\ ' (space) command produces a normal interword space. It's useful
+after punctuation which shouldn't end a sentence. For example `Knuth's
+article in Proc.\ Amer.\ Math\. Soc.\ is fundamental'. It is also often
+used after control sequences, as in `\TeX\ is a nice system.'
In normal circumstances, `\'<tab> and `\'<newline> are equivalent to
`\ '.
@@ -4427,7 +4395,7 @@ capital letter. Here are side-by-side examples with and without `\@':
produces
- ... in C. Pascal, though ... ... in C. Pascal, though ...
+ ... in C. Pascal, though ... ... in C. Pascal, though ...

File: latex2e.info, Node: \thinspace, Next: \/, Prev: \AT, Up: Spaces
@@ -4435,9 +4403,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \thinspace, Next: \/, Prev: \AT, Up: Spaces
19.5 `\thinspace'
=================
-`\thinspace' produces an unbreakable and unstretchable space that is
-1/6 of an em. This is the proper space to use in nested quotes, as in
-'".
+`\thinspace' produces an unbreakable and unstretchable space that is 1/6
+of an em. This is the proper space to use in nested quotes, as in '".

File: latex2e.info, Node: \/, Next: \hrulefill, Prev: \thinspace, Up: Spaces
@@ -4445,8 +4412,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: \/, Next: \hrulefill, Prev: \thinspace, Up: Spaces
19.6 `\/'
=========
-The `\/' command produces an "italic correction". This is a small
-space defined by the font designer for a given character, to avoid the
+The `\/' command produces an "italic correction". This is a small space
+defined by the font designer for a given character, to avoid the
character colliding with whatever follows. The italic f character
typically has a large italic correction value.
@@ -4513,7 +4480,6 @@ These commands produce a given amount of space.
The same as `\vspace{smallskipamount}', ordinarily about a quarter
of a line space (with stretch and shrink).
-
The `\...amount' parameters are determined by the document class.

@@ -4590,10 +4556,11 @@ they put a frame around the outside of the box being created.
In addition, the `\framebox' command allows for explicit
specification of the box width with the optional WIDTH argument (a
-dimension), and positioning with the optional POSITION argument. Both
-commands produce a rule of thickness `\fboxrule' (default `.4pt'), and
-leave a space of `\fboxsep' (default `3pt') between the rule and the
-contents of the box.
+dimension), and positioning with the optional POSITION argument.
+
+ Both commands produce a rule of thickness `\fboxrule' (default
+`.4pt'), and leave a space of `\fboxsep' (default `3pt') between the
+rule and the contents of the box.
*Note \framebox (picture)::, for the `\framebox' command in the
`picture' environment.
@@ -4608,8 +4575,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: lrbox, Next: \makebox, Prev: \fbox and \framebox,
This is the environment form of `\sbox'.
- The text inside the environment is saved in the box `cmd', which
-must have been declared with `\newsavebox'.
+ The text inside the environment is saved in the box `cmd', which must
+have been declared with `\newsavebox'.

File: latex2e.info, Node: \makebox, Next: \parbox, Prev: lrbox, Up: Boxes
@@ -4622,9 +4589,9 @@ Synopsis:
\makebox[WIDTH][POSITION]{TEXT}
The `\makebox' command creates a box just wide enough to contain the
-TEXT specified. The width of the box is specified by the optional
-WIDTH argument. The position of the text within the box is determined
-by the optional POSITION argument, which may take the following values:
+TEXT specified. The width of the box is specified by the optional WIDTH
+argument. The position of the text within the box is determined by the
+optional POSITION argument, which may take the following values:
`c'
Centered (default).
@@ -4639,8 +4606,8 @@ by the optional POSITION argument, which may take the following values:
Stretch (justify) across entire WIDTH; TEXT must contain
stretchable space for this to work.
- `\makebox' is also used within the picture environment *note
-\makebox (picture)::.
+ `\makebox' is also used within the picture environment *note \makebox
+(picture)::.

File: latex2e.info, Node: \parbox, Next: \raisebox, Prev: \makebox, Up: Boxes
@@ -4653,8 +4620,8 @@ Synopsis:
\parbox[POSITION][HEIGHT][INNER-POS]{WIDTH}{TEXT}
The `\parbox' command produces a box whose contents are created in
-`paragraph' mode. It should be used to make a box small pieces of
-text, with nothing fancy inside. In particular, you shouldn't use any
+`paragraph' mode. It should be used to make a box small pieces of text,
+with nothing fancy inside. In particular, you shouldn't use any
paragraph-making environments inside a `\parbox' argument. For larger
pieces of text, including ones containing a paragraph-making
environment, you should use a `minipage' environment (*note minipage::).
@@ -4719,8 +4686,8 @@ Synopsis:
\savebox{\BOXCMD}[WIDTH][POS]{TEXT}
This command typeset TEXT in a box just as with `\makebox' (*note
-\makebox::), except that instead of printing the resulting box, it
-saves it in the box labeled \BOXCMD, which must have been declared with
+\makebox::), except that instead of printing the resulting box, it saves
+it in the box labeled \BOXCMD, which must have been declared with
`\newsavebox' (*note \newsavebox::).

@@ -4748,8 +4715,8 @@ Synopsis:
\usebox{\BOXCMD}
- `\usebox' producesthe box most recently saved in the bin \BOXCMD by
-a `\savebox' command (*note \savebox::).
+ `\usebox' producesthe box most recently saved in the bin \BOXCMD by a
+`\savebox' command (*note \savebox::).

File: latex2e.info, Node: Special insertions, Next: Splitting the input, Prev: Boxes, Up: Top
@@ -4780,10 +4747,10 @@ The following characters play a special role in LaTeX and are called
# $ % & ~ _ ^ \ { }
- Whenever you write one of these characters into your file, LaTeX
-will do something special. If you simply want the character to be
-printed as itself, include a `\' in front of the character. For
-example, `\$' will produce `$' in your output.
+ Whenever you write one of these characters into your file, LaTeX will
+do something special. If you simply want the character to be printed as
+itself, include a `\' in front of the character. For example, `\$' will
+produce `$' in your output.
One exception to this rule is `\' itself, because `\\' has its own
special (context-dependent) meaning. A roman \ is produced by typing
@@ -4791,13 +4758,13 @@ special (context-dependent) meaning. A roman \ is produced by typing
`\' in a verbatim command (*note verbatim::).
Also, `\~' and `\^' place tilde and circumflex accents over the
-following letter, as in o~ and o^ (*note Accents::); to get a
-standalone `~' or `^', you can again use a verbatim command.
+following letter, as in o~ and o^ (*note Accents::); to get a standalone
+`~' or `^', you can again use a verbatim command.
Finally, you can access any character of the current font once you
-know its number by using the `\symbol' command. For example, the
-visible space character used in the `\verb*' command has the code
-decimal 32, so it can be typed as `\symbol{32}'.
+know its number by using the `\symbol' command. For example, the visible
+space character used in the `\verb*' command has the code decimal 32, so
+it can be typed as `\symbol{32}'.
You can also specify octal numbers with `'' or hexadecimal numbers
with `"', so the previous example could also be written as
@@ -4850,9 +4817,9 @@ available in OT1; you may need to load the `textcomp' package.
`\textsterling'
English pounds sterling: #.
-`\quotedblbase (")'
+`\quotedblbase (,,)'
`\quotesinglbase (,)'
- Double and single quotation marks on the baseline: " and ,.
+ Double and single quotation marks on the baseline: ,, and ,.
`\rq'
Right (closing) quote: '.
@@ -4919,7 +4886,7 @@ available in OT1; you may need to load the `textcomp' package.
En-dash: -- (for ranges).
`\texteuro'
- The Euro symbol: Euro .
+ The Euro symbol: Euro.
`\textexclamdown (or `!`')'
Upside down exclamation point: !.
@@ -4972,7 +4939,7 @@ available in OT1; you may need to load the `textcomp' package.
"Three-quarters" em-dash, between en-dash and em-dash.
`\texttrademark'
- Trademark symbol: ^\hboxTM.
+ Trademark symbol: ^{\hbox{TM}}.
`\texttwelveudash'
Xx 12u-.
@@ -4983,7 +4950,6 @@ available in OT1; you may need to load the `textcomp' package.
`\textvisiblespace'
Visible space symbol.
-

File: latex2e.info, Node: Accents, Next: Non-English characters, Prev: Text symbols, Up: Special insertions
@@ -5053,7 +5019,7 @@ capital letters. These are not available with OT1.
`\k'
`\capitalogonek'
- Produces a letter with ogonek, as in `o'. Not available in the
+ Produces a letter with ogonek, as in `o;'. Not available in the
OT1 encoding.
`\r'
@@ -5081,15 +5047,14 @@ capital letters. These are not available with OT1.
`\capitalcaron'
Produces a ha'c<ek (check, caron) accent, as in `o<'.
-

File: latex2e.info, Node: Non-English characters, Next: \rule, Prev: Accents, Up: Special insertions
21.4 Non-English characters
===========================
-Here are the basic LaTeX commands for inserting characters commonly
-used in languages other than English.
+Here are the basic LaTeX commands for inserting characters commonly used
+in languages other than English.
`\aa'
`\AA'
@@ -5101,7 +5066,7 @@ used in languages other than English.
`\dh'
`\DH'
- Icelandic letter eth: and .
+ Icelandic letter eth: d and D.
`\dj'
`\DJ'
@@ -5133,8 +5098,7 @@ used in languages other than English.
`\th'
`\TH'
- Icelandic letter thorn: and .
-
+ Icelandic letter thorn: th and TH.

File: latex2e.info, Node: \rule, Next: \today, Prev: Non-English characters, Up: Special insertions
@@ -5274,8 +5238,8 @@ automatically start a new page. If you want a new page after the table
of contents, write a `\newpage' command after the `\tableofcontents'
command.
- The analogous commands `\listoffigures' and `\listoftables' produce
-a list of figures and a list of tables, respectively. Everything works
+ The analogous commands `\listoffigures' and `\listoftables' produce a
+list of figures and a list of tables, respectively. Everything works
exactly the same as for the table of contents.
The command `\nofiles' overrides these commands, and _prevents_ any
@@ -5304,14 +5268,14 @@ UNIT
The name of the sectional unit being added, typically one of the
following, matching the value of the EXT argument:
- `toc'
+ `toc'
The name of the sectional unit: `part', `chapter', `section',
`subsection', `subsubsection'.
- `lof'
+ `lof'
For the list of figures.
- `lot'
+ `lot'
For the list of tables.
ENTRY
@@ -5373,24 +5337,23 @@ auxiliary file with the `.idx' extension.
value.
To generate a index entry for `bar' that says `See foo', use a
-vertical bar: `\index{bar|see{foo}}'. Use `seealso' instead of `see'
-to make a `See also' entry.
+vertical bar: `\index{bar|see{foo}}'. Use `seealso' instead of `see' to
+make a `See also' entry.
The text `See' is defined by the macro `\seename', and `See also' by
the macro `\alsoname'. These can be redefined for other languages.
The generated `.idx' file is then sorted with an external command,
-usually either `makeindex'
-(`http://mirror.ctan.org/indexing/makeindex') or (the multi-lingual)
-`xindy' (`http://xindy.sourceforge.net'). This results in a `.ind'
-file, which can then be read to typeset the index.
+usually either `makeindex' (`http://mirror.ctan.org/indexing/makeindex')
+or (the multi-lingual) `xindy' (`http://xindy.sourceforge.net'). This
+results in a `.ind' file, which can then be read to typeset the index.
The index is usually generated with the `\printindex' command. This
is defined in the `makeidx' package, so `\usepackage{makeidx}' needs to
be in the preamble.
- The rubber length `\indexspace' is inserted before each new letter
-in the printed index; its default value is `10pt plus5pt minus3pt'.
+ The rubber length `\indexspace' is inserted before each new letter in
+the printed index; its default value is `10pt plus5pt minus3pt'.
The `showidx' package causes each index entries to be shown in the
margin on the page where the entry appears. This can help in preparing
@@ -5407,8 +5370,8 @@ File: latex2e.info, Node: Letters, Next: Terminal input/output, Prev: Front/b
**********
You can use LaTeX to typeset letters, both personal and business. The
-`letter' document class is designed to make a number of letters at
-once, although you can make just one if you so desire.
+`letter' document class is designed to make a number of letters at once,
+although you can make just one if you so desire.
Your `.tex' source file has the same minimum commands as the other
document classes, i.e., you must have the following commands as a
@@ -5419,8 +5382,8 @@ minimum:
... letters ...
\end{document}
- Each letter is a `letter' environment, whose argument is the name
-and address of the recipient. For example, you might have:
+ Each letter is a `letter' environment, whose argument is the name and
+address of the recipient. For example, you might have:
\begin{letter}{Mr. Joe Smith\\ 2345 Princess St.
\\ Edinburgh, EH1 1AA}
@@ -5465,8 +5428,8 @@ The `\address' specifies the return address of a letter, as it should
appear on the letter and the envelope. Separate lines of the address
should be separated by `\\' commands.
- If you do not make an `\address' declaration, then the letter will
-be formatted for copying onto your organisation's standard letterhead.
+ If you do not make an `\address' declaration, then the letter will be
+formatted for copying onto your organisation's standard letterhead.
(*Note Overview::, for details on your local implementation). If you
give an `\address' declaration, then the letter will be formatted as a
personal letter.
@@ -5552,9 +5515,8 @@ Synopsis:
\opening{TEXT}
- A letter begins with the `\opening' command. The mandatory
-argument, TEXT, is whatever text you wish to start your letter. For
-instance:
+ A letter begins with the `\opening' command. The mandatory argument,
+TEXT, is whatever text you wish to start your letter. For instance:
\opening{Dear Joe,}
@@ -5630,10 +5592,10 @@ Synopsis:
`\typein' prints MSG on the terminal and causes LaTeX to stop and
wait for you to type a line of input, ending with return. If the
-optional \CMD argument is omitted, the typed input is processed as if
-it had been included in the input file in place of the `\typein'
-command. If the \CMD argument is present, it must be a command name.
-This command name is then defined or redefined to be the typed input.
+optional \CMD argument is omitted, the typed input is processed as if it
+had been included in the input file in place of the `\typein' command.
+If the \CMD argument is present, it must be a command name. This
+command name is then defined or redefined to be the typed input.

File: latex2e.info, Node: \typeout, Prev: \typein, Up: Terminal input/output
@@ -5750,8 +5712,7 @@ A.3 `tugboat' template
`TUGboat' is the journal of the TeX Users Group,
`http://tug.org/TUGboat'.
-\documentclass{ltugboat} % ltugproc for proceedings
-
+\documentclass{ltugboat}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
@@ -5761,9 +5722,7 @@ A.3 `tugboat' template
\usepackage{url}
\fi
-\begin{document}
-
-\title{Example \TUB\ Regular Article}
+\title{Example \TUB\ Article}
% repeat info for each author.
\author{First Last}
@@ -5773,7 +5732,8 @@ A.3 `tugboat' template
\maketitle
-% The abstract comes after \maketitle in ltugboat.
+\begin{document}
+
\begin{abstract}
This is an example article for a regular \TUB{} issue.
\end{abstract}
@@ -5783,26 +5743,26 @@ This is an example article for a regular \TUB{} issue.
This is an example article for \TUB, from
\url{http://tug.org/TUGboat/location.html}.
-We recommend the graphicx package for image inclusions, and the hyperref
-package for active url's (in the \acro{PDF} output). \TUB\ is produced
-using \acro{PDF} files exclusively, nowadays.
+We recommend the graphicx package for image inclusions, and the
+hyperref package for active url's (in the \acro{PDF} output).
+Nowadays \TUB\ is produced using \acro{PDF} files exclusively.
The \texttt{ltug*} classes provide these abbreviations, among many others:
{\small
\begin{verbatim}
\AllTeX \AMS \AmS \AmSLaTeX \AmSTeX \aw \AW
-\BibTeX \CandT \CTAN \DTD \DVItoVDU \HTML
-\ISBN \ISSN \JTeX \JoT \LAMSTeX \LaTeXe
-\Mc \mf \MFB \mtex \pcMF \PCTeX \pcTeX \Pas
+\BibTeX \CTAN \DTD \HTML
+\ISBN \ISSN \JTeX \LaTeXe
+\Mc \mf \MFB \mtex \PCTeX \pcTeX \Pas
\PiC \PiCTeX \plain \POBox \PS
-\SC \SGML \SliTeX \TANGLE \TB \TP \TUB \TUG
-\tug \UG \UNIX \VAX \VorTeX \XeT \WEB \WEAVE
+\SC \SGML \SliTeX \TANGLE \TB \TP \TUB \TUG \tug
+\UG \UNIX \VAX \XeT \WEB \WEAVE
\Dash \dash \vellipsis \bull \cents \Dag
\careof \thinskip
-\acro{FRED} -> {\sc fred} % please use!
+\acro{FRED} -> {\small fred} % please use!
\cs{fred} -> \fred
\env{fred} -> \begin{fred}
\meta{fred} -> <fred>
@@ -5822,8 +5782,7 @@ Email \verb|tugboat@tug.org| if problems or questions.
\nocite{book-minimal} % just making the bibliography non-empty
\bibliography{xampl} % xampl.bib comes with BibTeX
-
-\makesignature % not in ltugproc
+\makesignature
\end{document}

@@ -5835,26 +5794,35 @@ Concept Index
* Menu:
-* * prompt: Command line. (line 15)
-* *-form of sectioning commands: Sectioning. (line 38)
-* .glo file: Glossaries. (line 8)
-* .idx file: Indexes. (line 9)
-* .ind file: Indexes. (line 23)
-* `see' and `see also' index entries: Indexes. (line 16)
-* abstracts: abstract. (line 6)
-* accents: Accents. (line 6)
-* accents, mathematical: Math accents. (line 6)
-* accessing any character of a font: Reserved characters. (line 25)
+* *-form of sectioning commands: Sectioning. (line 37)
+* `*' prompt: Command line. (line 14)
+* `.glo' file: Glossaries. (line 7)
+* `.idx' file: Indexes. (line 8)
+* `.ind' file: Indexes. (line 22)
+* `datetime' package: \today. (line 10)
+* `float' package: figure. (line 34)
+* `makeidx' package: Indexes. (line 27)
+* `makeindex' program: Indexes. (line 22)
+* `multind' package: Indexes. (line 38)
+* `see' and `see also' index entries: Indexes. (line 15)
+* `setspace' package: Low-level font commands.
+ (line 63)
+* `showidx' package: Indexes. (line 34)
+* `xindy' program: Indexes. (line 22)
+* abstracts: abstract. (line 5)
+* accents: Accents. (line 5)
+* accents, mathematical: Math accents. (line 5)
+* accessing any character of a font: Reserved characters. (line 24)
* acute accent: Accents. (line 20)
* acute accent, math: Math accents. (line 11)
* ae ligature: Non-English characters.
(line 15)
-* aligning Equations: eqnarray. (line 6)
-* alignment via tabbing: tabbing. (line 6)
-* appendix, creating: Sectioning. (line 44)
+* aligning Equations: eqnarray. (line 5)
+* alignment via tabbing: tabbing. (line 5)
+* appendix, creating: Sectioning. (line 43)
* aring: Non-English characters.
(line 11)
-* arrays, math: array. (line 6)
+* arrays, math: array. (line 5)
* arrow, left, in text: Text symbols. (line 128)
* arrow, right, in text: Text symbols. (line 163)
* ascender height: Text symbols. (line 96)
@@ -5868,37 +5836,37 @@ Concept Index
* bar-over accent: Accents. (line 29)
* bar-over accent, math: Math accents. (line 14)
* bar-under accent: Accents. (line 46)
-* bibliography, creating (automatically): Using BibTeX. (line 6)
-* bibliography, creating (manually): thebibliography. (line 6)
-* bibTeX, using: Using BibTeX. (line 6)
+* bibliography, creating (automatically): Using BibTeX. (line 5)
+* bibliography, creating (manually): thebibliography. (line 5)
+* bibTeX, using: Using BibTeX. (line 5)
* big circle symbols, in text: Text symbols. (line 79)
* black boxes, omitting: Document class options.
(line 27)
* bold font: Font styles. (line 84)
-* bold typewriter, avoiding: description. (line 18)
-* boxes: Boxes. (line 6)
+* bold typewriter, avoiding: description. (line 17)
+* boxes: Boxes. (line 5)
* brace, left, in text: Text symbols. (line 82)
* brace, right, in text: Text symbols. (line 85)
-* breaking lines: Line breaking. (line 6)
-* breaking pages: Page breaking. (line 6)
+* breaking lines: Line breaking. (line 5)
+* breaking pages: Page breaking. (line 5)
* breve accent: Accents. (line 85)
* breve accent, math: Math accents. (line 17)
* bullet symbol: Math symbols. (line 87)
* bullet, in text: Text symbols. (line 88)
-* bulleted lists: itemize. (line 6)
+* bulleted lists: itemize. (line 5)
* calligraphic letters for math: Font styles. (line 87)
* cap height: Text symbols. (line 96)
* caron accent: Accents. (line 95)
-* cc list, in letters: \cc. (line 6)
+* cc list, in letters: \cc. (line 5)
* cedilla accent: Accents. (line 50)
* centered asterisk, in text: Text symbols. (line 67)
* centered period, in text: Text symbols. (line 138)
-* centering text, declaration for: \centering. (line 6)
-* centering text, environment for: center. (line 6)
-* characters, accented: Accents. (line 6)
+* centering text, declaration for: \centering. (line 5)
+* centering text, environment for: center. (line 5)
+* characters, accented: Accents. (line 5)
* characters, non-English: Non-English characters.
- (line 6)
-* characters, reserved: Reserved characters. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* characters, reserved: Reserved characters. (line 5)
* check accent: Accents. (line 95)
* check accent, math: Math accents. (line 20)
* circle symbol, big, in text: Text symbols. (line 79)
@@ -5907,52 +5875,52 @@ Concept Index
* circumflex accent, math: Math accents. (line 32)
* circumflex, ASCII, in text: Text symbols. (line 61)
* class options: Document class options.
- (line 6)
-* classes of documents: Document classes. (line 6)
-* closing letters: \closing. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* classes of documents: Document classes. (line 5)
+* closing letters: \closing. (line 5)
* closing quote: Text symbols. (line 52)
-* code, typesetting: verbatim. (line 6)
-* command line: Command line. (line 6)
+* code, typesetting: verbatim. (line 5)
+* command line: Command line. (line 5)
* commands, defining new ones: \newcommand & \renewcommand.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* composite word mark, in text: Text symbols. (line 96)
-* computer programs, typesetting: verbatim. (line 6)
+* computer programs, typesetting: verbatim. (line 5)
* copyright symbol: Text symbols. (line 12)
-* counters, a list of: Counters. (line 6)
-* counters, defining new: \newcounter. (line 6)
-* counters, getting value of: \value. (line 6)
-* counters, setting: \setcounter. (line 6)
-* creating letters: Letters. (line 6)
-* creating pictures: picture. (line 6)
-* creating tables: table. (line 6)
+* counters, a list of: Counters. (line 5)
+* counters, defining new: \newcounter. (line 5)
+* counters, getting value of: \value. (line 5)
+* counters, setting: \setcounter. (line 5)
+* creating letters: Letters. (line 5)
+* creating pictures: picture. (line 5)
+* creating tables: table. (line 5)
* credit footnote: \maketitle. (line 22)
-* cross references: Cross references. (line 6)
-* cross referencing with page number: \pageref. (line 6)
-* cross referencing, symbolic: \ref. (line 6)
+* cross references: Cross references. (line 5)
+* cross referencing with page number: \pageref. (line 5)
+* cross referencing, symbolic: \ref. (line 5)
* currency, dollar: Text symbols. (line 107)
* currency, euro: Text symbols. (line 116)
* dagger, double, in text: Text symbols. (line 104)
* dagger, in text: Text symbols. (line 15)
+* dagger, in text <1>: Text symbols. (line 101)
* date, for titlepage: \maketitle. (line 18)
-* datetime package: \today. (line 11)
* defining a new command: \newcommand & \renewcommand.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* defining new environments: \newenvironment & \renewenvironment.
- (line 6)
-* defining new fonts: \newfont. (line 6)
-* defining new theorems: \newtheorem. (line 6)
-* definitions: Definitions. (line 6)
-* description lists, creating: description. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* defining new fonts: \newfont. (line 5)
+* defining new theorems: \newtheorem. (line 5)
+* definitions: Definitions. (line 5)
+* description lists, creating: description. (line 5)
* dieresis accent: Accents. (line 16)
* discretionary multiplication: Math miscellany. (line 7)
* displaying quoted text with paragraph indentation: quotation.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* displaying quoted text without paragraph indentation: quote.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* document class options: Document class options.
- (line 6)
-* document classes: Document classes. (line 6)
-* document templates: Document templates. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* document classes: Document classes. (line 5)
+* document templates: Document templates. (line 5)
* dollar sign: Text symbols. (line 107)
* dot accent: Accents. (line 25)
* dot over accent, math: Math accents. (line 26)
@@ -5964,6 +5932,7 @@ Concept Index
* dotless j, math: Math accents. (line 38)
* double angle quotation marks: Text symbols. (line 27)
* double dagger, in text: Text symbols. (line 18)
+* double dagger, in text <1>: Text symbols. (line 104)
* double dot accent, math: Math accents. (line 23)
* double guillemets: Text symbols. (line 27)
* double left quote: Text symbols. (line 144)
@@ -5978,16 +5947,17 @@ Concept Index
* em-dash: Text symbols. (line 110)
* em-dash, three-quarters: Text symbols. (line 166)
* emphasis: Font styles. (line 26)
-* enclosure list: \encl. (line 6)
-* ending & starting: Starting & ending. (line 6)
-* enlarge current page: \enlargethispage. (line 6)
-* environments: Environments. (line 6)
+* emphasis <1>: Font styles. (line 90)
+* enclosure list: \encl. (line 5)
+* ending & starting: Starting & ending. (line 5)
+* enlarge current page: \enlargethispage. (line 5)
+* environments: Environments. (line 5)
* environments, defining: \newenvironment & \renewenvironment.
- (line 6)
-* equation number, cross referencing: \ref. (line 6)
-* equation numbers, omitting: eqnarray. (line 20)
-* equations, aligning: eqnarray. (line 6)
-* equations, environment for: equation. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* equation number, cross referencing: \ref. (line 5)
+* equation numbers, omitting: eqnarray. (line 19)
+* equations, aligning: eqnarray. (line 5)
+* equations, environment for: equation. (line 5)
* es-zet German letter: Non-English characters.
(line 47)
* eth, Icelandic letter: Non-English characters.
@@ -5995,292 +5965,288 @@ Concept Index
* euro symbol: Text symbols. (line 116)
* exclamation point, upside-down: Text symbols. (line 119)
* exponent: Subscripts & superscripts.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* feminine ordinal symbol: Text symbols. (line 132)
-* figure number, cross referencing: \ref. (line 6)
-* figures, footnotes in: minipage. (line 21)
-* figures, inserting: figure. (line 6)
+* feminine ordinal symbol <1>: Text symbols. (line 135)
+* figure number, cross referencing: \ref. (line 5)
+* figures, footnotes in: minipage. (line 20)
+* figures, inserting: figure. (line 5)
* fixed-width font: Font styles. (line 108)
-* float package: figure. (line 34)
-* flushing floats and starting a page: \clearpage. (line 6)
+* flushing floats and starting a page: \clearpage. (line 5)
* font commands, low-level: Low-level font commands.
- (line 6)
-* font sizes: Font sizes. (line 6)
-* font styles: Font styles. (line 6)
-* fonts: Typefaces. (line 6)
-* fonts, new commands for: \newfont. (line 6)
-* footer style: \pagestyle. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* font sizes: Font sizes. (line 5)
+* font styles: Font styles. (line 5)
+* fonts: Typefaces. (line 5)
+* fonts, new commands for: \newfont. (line 5)
+* footer style: \pagestyle. (line 5)
* footer, parameters for: Page layout parameters.
- (line 6)
-* footnote number, cross referencing: \ref. (line 6)
-* footnote parameters: Footnote parameters. (line 6)
-* footnotes in figures: minipage. (line 21)
-* footnotes, creating: Footnotes. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* footnote number, cross referencing: \ref. (line 5)
+* footnote parameters: Footnote parameters. (line 5)
+* footnotes in figures: minipage. (line 20)
+* footnotes, creating: Footnotes. (line 5)
* footnotes, symbolic instead of numbered: Symbolic footnotes.
- (line 6)
-* formulas, environment for: equation. (line 6)
-* formulas, math: Math formulas. (line 6)
-* fragile commands: \protect. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* formulas, environment for: equation. (line 5)
+* formulas, math: Math formulas. (line 5)
+* fragile commands: \protect. (line 5)
* French quotation marks: Text symbols. (line 27)
-* functions, math: Math functions. (line 6)
+* functions, math: Math functions. (line 5)
* global options: Document class options.
- (line 6)
-* glossaries: Glossaries. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* global options <1>: Document class options.
+ (line 80)
+* glossaries: Glossaries. (line 5)
* grave accent: Accents. (line 37)
* grave accent, math: Math accents. (line 29)
* greater than symbol, in text: Text symbols. (line 122)
-* greek letters: Math symbols. (line 6)
+* greek letters: Math symbols. (line 5)
* ha'c<ek accent, math: Math accents. (line 20)
* hacek accent: Accents. (line 95)
* hat accent: Accents. (line 33)
* hat accent, math: Math accents. (line 32)
-* header style: \pagestyle. (line 6)
+* header style: \pagestyle. (line 5)
* header, parameters for: Page layout parameters.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* hungarian umlaut accent: Accents. (line 58)
-* hyphenation, defining: \hyphenation. (line 6)
-* hyphenation, forcing: \- (hyphenation). (line 6)
-* hyphenation, preventing: \mbox. (line 6)
+* hyphenation, defining: \hyphenation. (line 5)
+* hyphenation, forcing: \- (hyphenation). (line 5)
+* hyphenation, preventing: \mbox. (line 5)
* Icelandic eth: Non-English characters.
(line 19)
* Icelandic thorn: Non-English characters.
(line 51)
* ij letter, Dutch: Non-English characters.
(line 27)
-* in-line formulas: math. (line 6)
-* indent, forcing: \indent. (line 6)
-* indent, suppressing: \noindent. (line 6)
-* indentation of paragraphs, in minipage: minipage. (line 17)
-* indexes: Indexes. (line 6)
-* input file: Splitting the input. (line 6)
+* in-line formulas: math. (line 5)
+* indent, forcing: \indent. (line 5)
+* indent, suppressing: \noindent. (line 5)
+* indentation of paragraphs, in minipage: minipage. (line 16)
+* indexes: Indexes. (line 5)
+* input file: Splitting the input. (line 5)
* input/output: Terminal input/output.
- (line 6)
-* inserting figures: figure. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* inserting figures: figure. (line 5)
* italic font: Font styles. (line 93)
-* justification, ragged left: \raggedleft. (line 6)
-* justification, ragged right: \raggedright. (line 6)
-* Knuth, Donald E.: Top. (line 10)
-* labelled lists, creating: description. (line 6)
-* Lamport, Leslie: Top. (line 10)
+* justification, ragged left: \raggedleft. (line 5)
+* justification, ragged right: \raggedright. (line 5)
+* Knuth, Donald E.: Top. (line 9)
+* labelled lists, creating: description. (line 5)
+* Lamport, Leslie: Top. (line 9)
* LaTeX logo: Text symbols. (line 21)
-* LaTeX overview: Overview. (line 6)
-* LaTeX Project team: Top. (line 10)
-* layout commands: Layout. (line 6)
+* LaTeX overview: Overview. (line 5)
+* LaTeX Project team: Top. (line 9)
+* layout commands: Layout. (line 5)
* layout, page parameters for: Page layout parameters.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* left angle quotation marks: Text symbols. (line 27)
* left arrow, in text: Text symbols. (line 128)
* left brace, in text: Text symbols. (line 82)
* left quote: Text symbols. (line 37)
* left quote, double: Text symbols. (line 144)
* left quote, single: Text symbols. (line 150)
-* left-justifying text: \raggedright. (line 6)
-* left-justifying text, environment for: flushleft. (line 6)
-* left-to-right mode: Modes. (line 6)
-* lengths, adding to: \addtolength. (line 6)
-* lengths, defining and using: Lengths. (line 6)
-* lengths, defining new: \newlength. (line 6)
-* lengths, predefined: Predefined lengths. (line 6)
-* lengths, setting: \setlength. (line 6)
+* left-justifying text: \raggedright. (line 5)
+* left-justifying text, environment for: flushleft. (line 5)
+* left-to-right mode: Modes. (line 5)
+* lengths, adding to: \addtolength. (line 5)
+* lengths, defining and using: Lengths. (line 5)
+* lengths, defining new: \newlength. (line 5)
+* lengths, predefined: Predefined lengths. (line 5)
+* lengths, setting: \setlength. (line 5)
* less than symbol, in text: Text symbols. (line 125)
-* letters: Letters. (line 6)
-* letters, accented: Accents. (line 6)
-* letters, ending: \closing. (line 6)
+* letters: Letters. (line 5)
+* letters, accented: Accents. (line 5)
+* letters, ending: \closing. (line 5)
* letters, non-English: Non-English characters.
- (line 6)
-* letters, starting: \opening. (line 6)
-* line break, forcing: \\. (line 6)
-* line breaking: Line breaking. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* letters, starting: \opening. (line 5)
+* line break, forcing: \\. (line 5)
+* line breaking: Line breaking. (line 5)
* line breaks, forcing: \linebreak & \nolinebreak.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* line breaks, preventing: \linebreak & \nolinebreak.
- (line 6)
-* lines in tables: tabular. (line 6)
-* lining text up in columns using tab stops: tabbing. (line 6)
-* lining text up in tables: tabular. (line 6)
-* list items, specifying counter: \usecounter. (line 6)
-* lists of items: itemize. (line 6)
-* lists of items, generic: list. (line 6)
-* lists of items, numbered: enumerate. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* lines in tables: tabular. (line 5)
+* lining text up in columns using tab stops: tabbing. (line 5)
+* lining text up in tables: tabular. (line 5)
+* list items, specifying counter: \usecounter. (line 5)
+* lists of items: itemize. (line 5)
+* lists of items, generic: list. (line 5)
+* lists of items, numbered: enumerate. (line 5)
* loading additional packages: Document class options.
- (line 74)
+ (line 73)
* logo, LaTeX: Text symbols. (line 21)
* logo, TeX: Text symbols. (line 58)
* low-9 quotation marks, single and double: Text symbols. (line 49)
* low-level font commands: Low-level font commands.
- (line 6)
-* lR mode: Modes. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* lR mode: Modes. (line 5)
* macron accent: Accents. (line 29)
* macron accent, math: Math accents. (line 14)
-* makeidx package: Indexes. (line 29)
-* makeindex program: Indexes. (line 23)
-* making a title page: titlepage. (line 6)
-* making paragraphs: Making paragraphs. (line 6)
-* marginal notes: Marginal notes. (line 6)
+* making a title page: titlepage. (line 5)
+* making paragraphs: Making paragraphs. (line 5)
+* marginal notes: Marginal notes. (line 5)
* masculine ordinal symbol: Text symbols. (line 132)
-* math accents: Math accents. (line 6)
-* math formulas: Math formulas. (line 6)
-* math functions: Math functions. (line 6)
-* math miscellany: Math miscellany. (line 6)
-* math mode: Modes. (line 6)
-* math mode, entering: Math formulas. (line 6)
+* math accents: Math accents. (line 5)
+* math formulas: Math formulas. (line 5)
+* math functions: Math functions. (line 5)
+* math miscellany: Math miscellany. (line 5)
+* math mode: Modes. (line 5)
+* math mode, entering: Math formulas. (line 5)
* math mode, spacing: Spacing in math mode.
- (line 6)
-* math symbols: Math symbols. (line 6)
-* minipage, creating a: minipage. (line 6)
-* modes: Modes. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* math symbols: Math symbols. (line 5)
+* minipage, creating a: minipage. (line 5)
+* modes: Modes. (line 5)
* monospace font: Font styles. (line 108)
-* moving arguments: \protect. (line 6)
-* multicolumn text: \twocolumn. (line 6)
-* multind package: Indexes. (line 40)
+* moving arguments: \protect. (line 5)
+* multicolumn text: \twocolumn. (line 5)
* multiplication symbol, discretionary line break: Math miscellany.
(line 7)
-* nested \include, not allowed: \include. (line 18)
+* nested `\include', not allowed: \include. (line 17)
* new commands, defining: \newcommand & \renewcommand.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* new line, output as input: \obeycr & \restorecr.
- (line 6)
-* new line, starting: \\. (line 6)
-* new line, starting (paragraph mode): \newline. (line 6)
-* new page, starting: \newpage. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* new line, starting: \\. (line 5)
+* new line, starting (paragraph mode): \newline. (line 5)
+* new page, starting: \newpage. (line 5)
* non-English characters: Non-English characters.
- (line 6)
-* notes in the margin: Marginal notes. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* notes in the margin: Marginal notes. (line 5)
* null delimiter: Math miscellany. (line 21)
-* numbered items, specifying counter: \usecounter. (line 6)
+* numbered items, specifying counter: \usecounter. (line 5)
* oblique font: Font styles. (line 105)
* oe ligature: Non-English characters.
(line 43)
* ogonek: Accents. (line 69)
-* one-column output: \onecolumn. (line 6)
+* one-column output: \onecolumn. (line 5)
* opening quote: Text symbols. (line 37)
* options, document class: Document class options.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* options, global: Document class options.
- (line 81)
+ (line 80)
* ordinals, feminine and masculine: Text symbols. (line 132)
* oslash: Non-English characters.
(line 39)
* overbar accent: Accents. (line 29)
* overdot accent, math: Math accents. (line 26)
-* overview of LaTeX: Overview. (line 6)
+* overview of LaTeX: Overview. (line 5)
* packages, loading: Document class options.
- (line 74)
+ (line 73)
* page break, forcing: \pagebreak & \nopagebreak.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* page break, preventing: \pagebreak & \nopagebreak.
- (line 6)
-* page breaking: Page breaking. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* page breaking: Page breaking. (line 5)
* page layout parameters: Page layout parameters.
- (line 6)
-* page number, cross referencing: \pageref. (line 6)
-* page numbering style: \pagenumbering. (line 6)
-* page styles: Page styles. (line 6)
-* paragraph indentation, in minipage: minipage. (line 17)
-* paragraph indentations in quoted text: quotation. (line 6)
-* paragraph indentations in quoted text, omitting: quote. (line 6)
-* paragraph mode: Modes. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* page number, cross referencing: \pageref. (line 5)
+* page numbering style: \pagenumbering. (line 5)
+* page styles: Page styles. (line 5)
+* paragraph indentation, in minipage: minipage. (line 16)
+* paragraph indentations in quoted text: quotation. (line 5)
+* paragraph indentations in quoted text, omitting: quote. (line 5)
+* paragraph mode: Modes. (line 5)
* paragraph symbol: Text symbols. (line 41)
-* paragraphs: Making paragraphs. (line 6)
-* parameters, for footnotes: Footnote parameters. (line 6)
+* paragraphs: Making paragraphs. (line 5)
+* parameters, for footnotes: Footnote parameters. (line 5)
* parameters, page layout: Page layout parameters.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* period, centered, in text: Text symbols. (line 138)
-* pictures, creating: picture. (line 6)
+* pictures, creating: picture. (line 5)
* pilcrow: Text symbols. (line 41)
-* poetry, an environment for: verse. (line 6)
+* poetry, an environment for: verse. (line 5)
* polish l: Non-English characters.
(line 31)
-* postscript, in letters: \ps. (line 6)
+* postscript, in letters: \ps. (line 5)
* pounds symbol: Text symbols. (line 45)
-* preamble, defined: Starting & ending. (line 17)
-* predefined lengths: Predefined lengths. (line 6)
-* prompt, *: Command line. (line 15)
+* preamble, defined: Starting & ending. (line 16)
+* predefined lengths: Predefined lengths. (line 5)
+* prompt, `*': Command line. (line 14)
* questionation point, upside-down: Text symbols. (line 141)
* quotation marks, French: Text symbols. (line 27)
* quote, straight base: Text symbols. (line 157)
* quoted text with paragraph indentation, displaying: quotation.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* quoted text without paragraph indentation, displaying: quote.
- (line 6)
-* ragged left text: \raggedleft. (line 6)
-* ragged left text, environment for: flushright. (line 6)
-* ragged right text: \raggedright. (line 6)
-* ragged right text, environment for: flushleft. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* ragged left text: \raggedleft. (line 5)
+* ragged left text, environment for: flushright. (line 5)
+* ragged right text: \raggedright. (line 5)
+* ragged right text, environment for: flushleft. (line 5)
* redefining environments: \newenvironment & \renewenvironment.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* registered symbol: Text symbols. (line 160)
-* remarks in the margin: Marginal notes. (line 6)
-* reserved characters: Reserved characters. (line 6)
+* remarks in the margin: Marginal notes. (line 5)
+* reserved characters: Reserved characters. (line 5)
* right angle quotation marks: Text symbols. (line 27)
* right arrow, in text: Text symbols. (line 163)
* right brace, in text: Text symbols. (line 85)
* right quote: Text symbols. (line 52)
* right quote, double: Text symbols. (line 147)
* right quote, single: Text symbols. (line 153)
-* right-justifying text: \raggedleft. (line 6)
-* right-justifying text, environment for: flushright. (line 6)
+* right-justifying text: \raggedleft. (line 5)
+* right-justifying text, environment for: flushright. (line 5)
* ring accent: Accents. (line 74)
-* robust commands: \protect. (line 16)
+* robust commands: \protect. (line 15)
* roman font: Font styles. (line 96)
* running header and footer: Page layout parameters.
- (line 6)
-* running header and footer style: \pagestyle. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* running header and footer style: \pagestyle. (line 5)
* sans serif font: Font styles. (line 102)
* script letters for math: Font styles. (line 87)
-* section number, cross referencing: \ref. (line 6)
-* section numbers, printing: Sectioning. (line 54)
+* section number, cross referencing: \ref. (line 5)
+* section numbers, printing: Sectioning. (line 53)
* section symbol: Text symbols. (line 55)
-* sectioning: Sectioning. (line 6)
-* setspace package: Low-level font commands.
- (line 63)
-* setting counters: \setcounter. (line 6)
+* sectioning: Sectioning. (line 5)
+* setting counters: \setcounter. (line 5)
* sharp S letters: Non-English characters.
(line 47)
-* showidx package: Indexes. (line 36)
-* simulating typed text: verbatim. (line 6)
+* simulating typed text: verbatim. (line 5)
* single angle quotation marks: Text symbols. (line 27)
* single guillemets: Text symbols. (line 27)
* single left quote: Text symbols. (line 150)
* single low-9 quotation mark: Text symbols. (line 49)
* single right quote: Text symbols. (line 153)
-* sizes of text: Font sizes. (line 6)
+* sizes of text: Font sizes. (line 5)
* slanted font: Font styles. (line 105)
* small caps font: Font styles. (line 99)
-* space, inserting vertical: \addvspace. (line 6)
-* spaces: Spaces. (line 6)
+* space, inserting vertical: \addvspace. (line 5)
+* spaces: Spaces. (line 5)
* spacing within math mode: Spacing in math mode.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* Spanish ordinals, feminine and masculine: Text symbols. (line 132)
* special characters: Non-English characters.
- (line 6)
-* splitting the input file: Splitting the input. (line 6)
-* starting & ending: Starting & ending. (line 6)
-* starting a new page: \newpage. (line 6)
-* starting a new page and clearing floats: \clearpage. (line 6)
-* starting on a right-hand page: \cleardoublepage. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* splitting the input file: Splitting the input. (line 5)
+* starting & ending: Starting & ending. (line 5)
+* starting a new page: \newpage. (line 5)
+* starting a new page and clearing floats: \clearpage. (line 5)
+* starting on a right-hand page: \cleardoublepage. (line 5)
* sterling symbol: Text symbols. (line 45)
* straight double quote, base: Text symbols. (line 157)
* straight quote, base: Text symbols. (line 157)
-* stretch, omitting vertical: \raggedbottom. (line 6)
-* styles of text: Font styles. (line 6)
-* styles, page: Page styles. (line 6)
+* stretch, omitting vertical: \raggedbottom. (line 5)
+* styles of text: Font styles. (line 5)
+* styles, page: Page styles. (line 5)
* subscript: Subscripts & superscripts.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* superscript: Subscripts & superscripts.
- (line 6)
-* symbols, math: Math symbols. (line 6)
-* tab stops, using: tabbing. (line 6)
-* table of contents entry, manually adding: \addcontentsline. (line 6)
-* table of contents, creating: Tables of contents. (line 6)
-* tables, creating: table. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* symbols, math: Math symbols. (line 5)
+* tab stops, using: tabbing. (line 5)
+* table of contents entry, manually adding: \addcontentsline. (line 5)
+* table of contents, creating: Tables of contents. (line 5)
+* tables, creating: table. (line 5)
* terminal input/output: Terminal input/output.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* TeX logo: Text symbols. (line 58)
-* text symbols: Text symbols. (line 6)
+* text symbols: Text symbols. (line 5)
* thanks, for titlepage: \maketitle. (line 22)
-* theorems, defining: \newtheorem. (line 6)
-* theorems, typesetting: theorem. (line 6)
+* theorems, defining: \newtheorem. (line 5)
+* theorems, typesetting: theorem. (line 5)
* thorn, Icelandic letter: Non-English characters.
(line 51)
* three-quarters em-dash: Text symbols. (line 166)
@@ -6288,35 +6254,34 @@ Concept Index
* tilde accent: Accents. (line 43)
* tilde accent, math: Math accents. (line 41)
* tilde, ASCII, in text: Text symbols. (line 64)
-* title pages, creating: titlepage. (line 6)
+* title pages, creating: titlepage. (line 5)
* title, for titlepage: \maketitle. (line 26)
-* titles, making: \maketitle. (line 6)
+* titles, making: \maketitle. (line 5)
* trademark symbol: Text symbols. (line 169)
-* two-column output: \twocolumn. (line 6)
-* typed text, simulating: verbatim. (line 6)
-* typeface sizes: Font sizes. (line 6)
-* typeface styles: Font styles. (line 6)
-* typefaces: Typefaces. (line 6)
+* two-column output: \twocolumn. (line 5)
+* typed text, simulating: verbatim. (line 5)
+* typeface sizes: Font sizes. (line 5)
+* typeface styles: Font styles. (line 5)
+* typefaces: Typefaces. (line 5)
* typewriter font: Font styles. (line 108)
-* typewriter labels in lists: description. (line 18)
+* typewriter labels in lists: description. (line 17)
* umlaut accent: Accents. (line 16)
* underbar: Accents. (line 88)
* underscore, in text: Text symbols. (line 175)
-* unordered lists: itemize. (line 6)
-* using BibTeX: Using BibTeX. (line 6)
-* variables, a list of: Counters. (line 6)
+* unordered lists: itemize. (line 5)
+* using BibTeX: Using BibTeX. (line 5)
+* variables, a list of: Counters. (line 5)
* vector symbol, math: Math accents. (line 44)
-* verbatim text: verbatim. (line 6)
-* verbatim text, inline: \verb. (line 6)
+* verbatim text: verbatim. (line 5)
+* verbatim text, inline: \verb. (line 5)
* vertical bar, double, in text: Text symbols. (line 76)
* vertical bar, in text: Text symbols. (line 73)
-* vertical space: \addvspace. (line 6)
-* vertical space before paragraphs: \parskip. (line 6)
-* visible space: \verb. (line 17)
+* vertical space: \addvspace. (line 5)
+* vertical space before paragraphs: \parskip. (line 5)
+* visible space: \verb. (line 16)
* visible space symbol, in text: Text symbols. (line 178)
* wide hat accent, math: Math accents. (line 47)
* wide tile accent, math: Math accents. (line 50)
-* xindy program: Indexes. (line 23)

File: latex2e.info, Node: Command Index, Prev: Concept Index, Up: Top
@@ -6327,31 +6292,31 @@ Command Index
* Menu:
-* $: Math formulas. (line 26)
+* $: Math formulas. (line 25)
* 10pt option: Document class options.
- (line 14)
+ (line 13)
* 11pt option: Document class options.
- (line 14)
+ (line 13)
* 12pt option: Document class options.
- (line 14)
-* @{...}: array. (line 31)
+ (line 13)
+* @{...}: array. (line 30)
* \" (umlaut accent): Accents. (line 16)
-* \#: Reserved characters. (line 11)
-* \$: Reserved characters. (line 11)
-* \%: Reserved characters. (line 11)
-* \&: Reserved characters. (line 11)
+* \#: Reserved characters. (line 10)
+* \$: Reserved characters. (line 10)
+* \%: Reserved characters. (line 10)
+* \&: Reserved characters. (line 10)
* \' (acute accent): Accents. (line 20)
* \' (tabbing): tabbing. (line 45)
-* \(: Math formulas. (line 18)
-* \): Math formulas. (line 18)
+* \(: Math formulas. (line 17)
+* \): Math formulas. (line 17)
* \*: Math miscellany. (line 6)
* \+: tabbing. (line 37)
* \,: Spacing in math mode.
(line 19)
* \-: tabbing. (line 41)
-* \- (hyphenation): \- (hyphenation). (line 6)
+* \- (hyphenation): \- (hyphenation). (line 5)
* \. (dot-over accent): Accents. (line 25)
-* \/: \/. (line 6)
+* \/: \/. (line 5)
* \:: Spacing in math mode.
(line 16)
* \;: Spacing in math mode.
@@ -6359,64 +6324,42 @@ Command Index
* \<: tabbing. (line 33)
* \= (macron accent): Accents. (line 29)
* \= (tabbing): tabbing. (line 27)
+* \>: tabbing. (line 31)
* \> <1>: Spacing in math mode.
(line 16)
-* \>: tabbing. (line 31)
* \> (tabbing): tabbing. (line 30)
-* \@: \AT. (line 6)
-* \@fnsymbol: Symbolic footnotes. (line 11)
-* \[: Math formulas. (line 18)
-* \\ (for \shortstack objects): \shortstack. (line 22)
-* \\ (for array): array. (line 28)
-* \\ (for center): center. (line 13)
-* \\ (for eqnarray): eqnarray. (line 12)
-* \\ (for flushright): flushright. (line 12)
-* \\ for \author: \maketitle. (line 12)
-* \\ for \title: \maketitle. (line 26)
-* \\ for flushleft: flushleft. (line 12)
-* \\ for letters: Letters. (line 32)
-* \\ for tabular: tabular. (line 23)
-* \\ for verse: verse. (line 17)
-* \\ force line break: \\. (line 6)
-* \\ tabbing: tabbing. (line 24)
-* \\* (for eqnarray): eqnarray. (line 17)
-* \]: Math formulas. (line 18)
-* \^: Reserved characters. (line 21)
-* \^ (circumflex accent): Accents. (line 33)
-* \_: Reserved characters. (line 11)
-* \` (grave accent): Accents. (line 37)
-* \` (tabbing): tabbing. (line 51)
+* \@: \AT. (line 5)
+* \@fnsymbol: Symbolic footnotes. (line 10)
* \a (tabbing): tabbing. (line 60)
* \a' (acute accent in tabbing): tabbing. (line 61)
* \a= (macron accent in tabbing): tabbing. (line 61)
-* \a` (grave accent in tabbing): tabbing. (line 61)
-* \AA (AA): Non-English characters.
- (line 11)
* \aa (aa): Non-English characters.
(line 11)
+* \AA (AA): Non-English characters.
+ (line 11)
* \acute: Math accents. (line 10)
-* \addcontentsline{EXT}{UNIT}{TEXT}: \addcontentsline. (line 6)
-* \address: \address. (line 6)
-* \addtocontents{EXT}{TEXT}: \addtocontents. (line 6)
-* \addtocounter: \addtocounter. (line 6)
-* \addtolength: \addtolength. (line 6)
-* \addvspace: \addvspace. (line 6)
-* \AE (AE): Non-English characters.
- (line 15)
+* \addcontentsline{EXT}{UNIT}{TEXT}: \addcontentsline. (line 5)
+* \address: \address. (line 5)
+* \addtocontents{EXT}{TEXT}: \addtocontents. (line 5)
+* \addtocounter: \addtocounter. (line 5)
+* \addtolength: \addtolength. (line 5)
+* \addvspace: \addvspace. (line 5)
* \ae (ae): Non-English characters.
(line 15)
+* \AE (AE): Non-English characters.
+ (line 15)
* \aleph: Math symbols. (line 14)
-* \Alph: \alph \Alph \arabic \roman \Roman \fnsymbol.
- (line 12)
* \alph: \alph \Alph \arabic \roman \Roman \fnsymbol.
(line 9)
-* \Alph example: enumerate. (line 42)
+* \Alph: \alph \Alph \arabic \roman \Roman \fnsymbol.
+ (line 12)
+* \Alph example: enumerate. (line 41)
* \alpha: Math symbols. (line 17)
-* \alsoname: Indexes. (line 20)
+* \alsoname: Indexes. (line 19)
* \amalg: Math symbols. (line 20)
-* \and for \author: \maketitle. (line 12)
+* \and for `\author': \maketitle. (line 12)
* \angle: Math symbols. (line 23)
-* \appendix: Sectioning. (line 44)
+* \appendix: Sectioning. (line 43)
* \approx: Math symbols. (line 26)
* \arabic: \alph \Alph \arabic \roman \Roman \fnsymbol.
(line 15)
@@ -6424,28 +6367,30 @@ Command Index
* \arcsin: Math functions. (line 12)
* \arctan: Math functions. (line 15)
* \arg: Math functions. (line 18)
-* \arraycolsep: array. (line 43)
-* \arrayrulewidth: tabular. (line 97)
-* \arraystretch: tabular. (line 101)
+* \arraycolsep: array. (line 42)
+* \arrayrulewidth: tabular. (line 96)
+* \arraystretch: tabular. (line 100)
* \ast: Math symbols. (line 29)
* \asymp: Math symbols. (line 32)
* \author{NAME \and NAME2}: \maketitle. (line 11)
+* \a` (grave accent in tabbing): tabbing. (line 61)
* \b (bar-under accent): Accents. (line 46)
-* \backslash <1>: Reserved characters. (line 16)
* \backslash: Math symbols. (line 35)
+* \backslash <1>: Reserved characters. (line 15)
* \bar: Math accents. (line 13)
* \baselineskip: Low-level font commands.
(line 57)
* \baselinestretch: Low-level font commands.
(line 63)
-* \begin: Environments. (line 6)
+* \begin: Environments. (line 5)
* \beta: Math symbols. (line 38)
* \bf: Font styles. (line 83)
* \bfseries: Font styles. (line 32)
-* \bibitem: \bibitem. (line 6)
-* \bibliography: Using BibTeX. (line 6)
-* \bibliographystyle: Using BibTeX. (line 6)
+* \bibitem: \bibitem. (line 5)
+* \bibliography: Using BibTeX. (line 5)
+* \bibliographystyle: Using BibTeX. (line 5)
* \bigcap: Math symbols. (line 41)
+* \bigcap <1>: Math symbols. (line 71)
* \bigcirc: Math symbols. (line 44)
* \bigcup: Math symbols. (line 47)
* \bigodot: Math symbols. (line 50)
@@ -6461,9 +6406,9 @@ Command Index
* \biguplus: Math symbols. (line 68)
* \bigwedge: Math symbols. (line 74)
* \bmod: Math functions. (line 21)
-* \boldmath: Math formulas. (line 31)
+* \boldmath: Math formulas. (line 30)
* \bot: Math symbols. (line 77)
-* \bottomfraction: figure. (line 55)
+* \bottomfraction: figure. (line 54)
* \bowtie: Math symbols. (line 80)
* \Box: Math symbols. (line 83)
* \breve: Math accents. (line 16)
@@ -6486,27 +6431,27 @@ Command Index
* \capitalring: Accents. (line 74)
* \capitaltie: Accents. (line 80)
* \capitaltilde: Accents. (line 43)
-* \caption: figure. (line 51)
-* \cc: \cc. (line 6)
+* \caption: figure. (line 49)
+* \cc: \cc. (line 5)
* \cdot: Math symbols. (line 92)
* \cdots: Math miscellany. (line 10)
-* \centering: \centering. (line 6)
+* \centering: \centering. (line 5)
* \chapter: Sectioning. (line 10)
* \check: Math accents. (line 19)
* \chi: Math symbols. (line 95)
* \circ: Math symbols. (line 98)
-* \circle: \circle. (line 6)
-* \cite: \cite. (line 6)
-* \cleardoublepage: \cleardoublepage. (line 6)
-* \clearpage: \clearpage. (line 6)
-* \cline: \cline. (line 6)
-* \closing: \closing. (line 6)
+* \circle: \circle. (line 5)
+* \cite: \cite. (line 5)
+* \cleardoublepage: \cleardoublepage. (line 5)
+* \clearpage: \clearpage. (line 5)
+* \cline: \cline. (line 5)
+* \closing: \closing. (line 5)
* \clubsuit: Math symbols. (line 101)
* \columnsep: \twocolumn. (line 16)
* \columnseprule: \twocolumn. (line 19)
* \columnwidth: \twocolumn. (line 23)
* \cong: Math symbols. (line 104)
-* \contentsline: \addcontentsline. (line 31)
+* \contentsline: \addcontentsline. (line 30)
* \coprod: Math symbols. (line 107)
* \copyright: Text symbols. (line 10)
* \cos: Math functions. (line 24)
@@ -6518,56 +6463,56 @@ Command Index
* \d (dot-under accent): Accents. (line 54)
* \dag: Text symbols. (line 14)
* \dagger: Math symbols. (line 113)
-* \dashbox: \dashbox. (line 6)
+* \dashbox: \dashbox. (line 5)
* \dashv: Math symbols. (line 116)
* \date{TEXT}: \maketitle. (line 17)
-* \day: \day \month \year. (line 6)
-* \dblfloatpagefraction: \twocolumn. (line 35)
-* \dblfloatsep: \twocolumn. (line 39)
-* \dbltextfloatsep: \twocolumn. (line 44)
-* \dbltopfraction: \twocolumn. (line 30)
+* \day: \day \month \year. (line 5)
+* \dblfloatpagefraction: \twocolumn. (line 34)
+* \dblfloatsep: \twocolumn. (line 38)
+* \dbltextfloatsep: \twocolumn. (line 43)
+* \dbltopfraction: \twocolumn. (line 29)
* \ddag: Text symbols. (line 17)
* \ddagger: Math symbols. (line 119)
* \ddot: Math accents. (line 22)
* \ddots: Math miscellany. (line 14)
* \deg: Math functions. (line 39)
-* \delta: Math symbols. (line 125)
* \Delta: Math symbols. (line 122)
+* \delta: Math symbols. (line 125)
* \depth: Predefined lengths. (line 10)
* \det: Math functions. (line 42)
-* \DH (AE): Non-English characters.
- (line 19)
* \dh (ae): Non-English characters.
(line 19)
-* \diamond: Math symbols. (line 131)
+* \DH (AE): Non-English characters.
+ (line 19)
* \Diamond: Math symbols. (line 128)
+* \diamond: Math symbols. (line 131)
* \diamondsuit: Math symbols. (line 134)
* \dim: Math functions. (line 45)
-* \displaystyle: Math formulas. (line 36)
+* \displaystyle: Math formulas. (line 35)
* \div: Math symbols. (line 137)
-* \DJ: Non-English characters.
- (line 23)
* \dj: Non-English characters.
(line 23)
-* \documentclass: Document classes. (line 6)
+* \DJ: Non-English characters.
+ (line 23)
+* \documentclass: Document classes. (line 5)
* \dot: Math accents. (line 25)
* \doteq: Math symbols. (line 140)
-* \dotfill: \dotfill. (line 6)
+* \dotfill: \dotfill. (line 5)
* \dots: Text symbols. (line 31)
-* \doublerulesep: tabular. (line 105)
-* \Downarrow: Math symbols. (line 146)
+* \doublerulesep: tabular. (line 104)
* \downarrow: Math symbols. (line 143)
+* \Downarrow: Math symbols. (line 146)
* \ell: Math symbols. (line 149)
* \em: Font styles. (line 89)
* \emph: Font styles. (line 26)
* \emptyset: Math symbols. (line 152)
-* \encl: \encl. (line 6)
-* \end: Environments. (line 6)
-* \enlargethispage: \enlargethispage. (line 6)
-* \enumi: enumerate. (line 32)
-* \enumii: enumerate. (line 32)
-* \enumiii: enumerate. (line 32)
-* \enumiv: enumerate. (line 32)
+* \encl: \encl. (line 5)
+* \end: Environments. (line 5)
+* \enlargethispage: \enlargethispage. (line 5)
+* \enumi: enumerate. (line 31)
+* \enumii: enumerate. (line 31)
+* \enumiii: enumerate. (line 31)
+* \enumiv: enumerate. (line 31)
* \epsilon: Math symbols. (line 155)
* \equiv: Math symbols. (line 158)
* \eta: Math symbols. (line 161)
@@ -6575,19 +6520,19 @@ Command Index
(line 55)
* \exists: Math symbols. (line 164)
* \exp: Math functions. (line 48)
-* \fbox: \fbox and \framebox. (line 6)
-* \fboxrule <1>: \fbox and \framebox. (line 16)
-* \fboxrule: \framebox (picture). (line 14)
-* \fboxsep <1>: \fbox and \framebox. (line 16)
-* \fboxsep: \framebox (picture). (line 14)
-* \fill: \hfill. (line 9)
+* \fbox: \fbox and \framebox. (line 5)
+* \fboxrule: \framebox (picture). (line 13)
+* \fboxrule <1>: \fbox and \framebox. (line 17)
+* \fboxsep: \framebox (picture). (line 13)
+* \fboxsep <1>: \fbox and \framebox. (line 17)
+* \fill: \hfill. (line 8)
* \flat: Math symbols. (line 167)
-* \floatpagefraction: figure. (line 58)
-* \floatsep: figure. (line 62)
-* \flushbottom: \flushbottom. (line 6)
+* \floatpagefraction: figure. (line 57)
+* \floatsep: figure. (line 61)
+* \flushbottom: \flushbottom. (line 5)
* \fnsymbol: \alph \Alph \arabic \roman \Roman \fnsymbol.
(line 24)
-* \fnsymbol, and footnotes: Symbolic footnotes. (line 11)
+* \fnsymbol, and footnotes: Symbolic footnotes. (line 10)
* \fontencoding: Low-level font commands.
(line 11)
* \fontfamily: Low-level font commands.
@@ -6598,31 +6543,31 @@ Command Index
(line 40)
* \fontsize: Low-level font commands.
(line 57)
-* \footnote: \footnote. (line 6)
-* \footnotemark: \footnotemark. (line 6)
+* \footnote: \footnote. (line 5)
+* \footnotemark: \footnotemark. (line 5)
* \footnoterule: Footnote parameters. (line 6)
* \footnotesep: Footnote parameters. (line 12)
-* \footnotesize: Font sizes. (line 11)
-* \footnotetext: \footnotetext. (line 6)
+* \footnotesize: Font sizes. (line 10)
+* \footnotetext: \footnotetext. (line 5)
* \footskip: Page layout parameters.
(line 16)
* \forall: Math symbols. (line 170)
* \frac: Math miscellany. (line 18)
* \frac{num}{den}: Math miscellany. (line 17)
-* \frame: \frame. (line 6)
-* \framebox <1>: \fbox and \framebox. (line 6)
-* \framebox: \framebox (picture). (line 6)
+* \frame: \frame. (line 5)
+* \framebox: \framebox (picture). (line 5)
+* \framebox <1>: \fbox and \framebox. (line 5)
* \frown: Math symbols. (line 173)
-* \fussy: \fussy. (line 6)
-* \gamma: Math symbols. (line 179)
+* \fussy: \fussy. (line 5)
* \Gamma: Math symbols. (line 176)
+* \gamma: Math symbols. (line 179)
* \gcd: Math functions. (line 51)
* \ge: Math symbols. (line 182)
* \geq: Math symbols. (line 185)
* \gets: Math symbols. (line 188)
* \gg: Math symbols. (line 191)
-* \glossary: Glossaries. (line 8)
-* \glossaryentry: Glossaries. (line 11)
+* \glossary: Glossaries. (line 7)
+* \glossaryentry: Glossaries. (line 10)
* \grave: Math accents. (line 28)
* \guillemotleft (<<): Text symbols. (line 23)
* \guillemotright (>>): Text symbols. (line 24)
@@ -6637,42 +6582,42 @@ Command Index
(line 11)
* \heartsuit: Math symbols. (line 197)
* \height: Predefined lengths. (line 8)
-* \hfill: \hfill. (line 6)
-* \hline: \hline. (line 6)
+* \hfill: \hfill. (line 5)
+* \hline: \hline. (line 5)
* \hom: Math functions. (line 54)
* \hookleftarrow: Math symbols. (line 200)
* \hookrightarrow: Math symbols. (line 203)
-* \hrulefill: \hrulefill. (line 6)
-* \hspace: \hspace. (line 6)
-* \Huge: Font sizes. (line 11)
-* \huge: Font sizes. (line 11)
-* \hyphenation: \hyphenation. (line 6)
+* \hrulefill: \hrulefill. (line 5)
+* \hspace: \hspace. (line 5)
+* \huge: Font sizes. (line 10)
+* \Huge: Font sizes. (line 10)
+* \hyphenation: \hyphenation. (line 5)
* \i (dotless i): Accents. (line 62)
* \iff: Math symbols. (line 206)
-* \IJ (IJ): Non-English characters.
- (line 27)
* \ij (ij): Non-English characters.
(line 27)
+* \IJ (IJ): Non-English characters.
+ (line 27)
* \Im: Math symbols. (line 209)
* \imath: Math accents. (line 34)
* \in: Math symbols. (line 212)
-* \include: \include. (line 6)
-* \includeonly: \includeonly. (line 6)
-* \indent: \indent. (line 6)
-* \index: Indexes. (line 9)
-* \indexentry: Indexes. (line 12)
+* \include: \include. (line 5)
+* \includeonly: \includeonly. (line 5)
+* \indent: \indent. (line 5)
+* \index: Indexes. (line 8)
+* \indexentry: Indexes. (line 11)
* \inf: Math functions. (line 57)
* \infty: Math symbols. (line 215)
-* \input: \input. (line 6)
+* \input: \input. (line 5)
* \int: Math symbols. (line 218)
-* \intextsep: figure. (line 66)
+* \intextsep: figure. (line 65)
* \iota: Math symbols. (line 221)
* \it: Font styles. (line 92)
-* \item <1>: itemize. (line 6)
-* \item <2>: enumerate. (line 19)
-* \item: description. (line 14)
+* \item: description. (line 13)
+* \item <1>: enumerate. (line 18)
+* \item <2>: itemize. (line 5)
* \itemindent: itemize. (line 52)
-* \itemsep: itemize. (line 75)
+* \itemsep: itemize. (line 74)
* \itshape: Font styles. (line 23)
* \j (dotless j): Accents. (line 65)
* \jmath: Math accents. (line 37)
@@ -6681,28 +6626,28 @@ Command Index
* \kappa: Math symbols. (line 227)
* \ker: Math functions. (line 60)
* \kill: tabbing. (line 65)
-* \L (/L): Non-English characters.
- (line 31)
* \l (/l): Non-English characters.
(line 31)
-* \label: \label. (line 6)
-* \labelenumi: enumerate. (line 36)
-* \labelenumii: enumerate. (line 36)
-* \labelenumiii: enumerate. (line 36)
-* \labelenumiv: enumerate. (line 36)
-* \labelitemi: itemize. (line 32)
-* \labelitemii: itemize. (line 32)
-* \labelitemiii: itemize. (line 32)
-* \labelitemiv: itemize. (line 32)
+* \L (/L): Non-English characters.
+ (line 31)
+* \label: \label. (line 5)
+* \labelenumi: enumerate. (line 35)
+* \labelenumii: enumerate. (line 35)
+* \labelenumiii: enumerate. (line 35)
+* \labelenumiv: enumerate. (line 35)
+* \labelitemi: itemize. (line 31)
+* \labelitemii: itemize. (line 31)
+* \labelitemiii: itemize. (line 31)
+* \labelitemiv: itemize. (line 31)
* \labelsep: itemize. (line 55)
* \labelwidth: itemize. (line 58)
-* \lambda: Math symbols. (line 233)
* \Lambda: Math symbols. (line 230)
+* \lambda: Math symbols. (line 233)
* \land: Math symbols. (line 236)
* \langle: Math symbols. (line 239)
-* \LARGE: Font sizes. (line 11)
-* \Large: Font sizes. (line 11)
-* \large: Font sizes. (line 11)
+* \large: Font sizes. (line 10)
+* \Large: Font sizes. (line 10)
+* \LARGE: Font sizes. (line 10)
* \LaTeX: Text symbols. (line 20)
* \lbrace: Math symbols. (line 242)
* \lbrack: Math symbols. (line 245)
@@ -6711,20 +6656,20 @@ Command Index
* \le: Math symbols. (line 251)
* \leadsto: Math symbols. (line 254)
* \left DELIM1 ... \right DELIM2: Math miscellany. (line 20)
-* \leftarrow: Math symbols. (line 259)
* \Leftarrow: Math symbols. (line 256)
-* \lefteqn: eqnarray. (line 25)
+* \leftarrow: Math symbols. (line 259)
+* \lefteqn: eqnarray. (line 24)
* \leftharpoondown: Math symbols. (line 262)
* \leftharpoonup: Math symbols. (line 265)
-* \leftmargin: itemize. (line 39)
-* \leftmargini: itemize. (line 39)
-* \leftmarginii: itemize. (line 39)
-* \leftmarginiii: itemize. (line 39)
-* \leftmarginiv: itemize. (line 39)
-* \leftmarginv: itemize. (line 39)
-* \leftmarginvi: itemize. (line 39)
-* \leftrightarrow: Math symbols. (line 271)
+* \leftmargin: itemize. (line 38)
+* \leftmargini: itemize. (line 38)
+* \leftmarginii: itemize. (line 38)
+* \leftmarginiii: itemize. (line 38)
+* \leftmarginiv: itemize. (line 38)
+* \leftmarginv: itemize. (line 38)
+* \leftmarginvi: itemize. (line 38)
* \Leftrightarrow: Math symbols. (line 268)
+* \leftrightarrow: Math symbols. (line 271)
* \leq: Math symbols. (line 274)
* \lfloor: Math symbols. (line 277)
* \lg: Math functions. (line 63)
@@ -6732,21 +6677,21 @@ Command Index
* \lim: Math functions. (line 66)
* \liminf: Math functions. (line 69)
* \limsup: Math functions. (line 72)
-* \line: \line. (line 6)
+* \line: \line. (line 5)
* \linebreak: \linebreak & \nolinebreak.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* \linespread: Low-level font commands.
(line 70)
-* \linethickness: \linethickness. (line 6)
+* \linethickness: \linethickness. (line 5)
* \linewidth: Page layout parameters.
(line 21)
-* \listoffigures: Tables of contents. (line 16)
-* \listoftables: Tables of contents. (line 16)
+* \listoffigures: Tables of contents. (line 15)
+* \listoftables: Tables of contents. (line 15)
* \listparindent: itemize. (line 61)
* \ll: Math symbols. (line 283)
* \ln: Math functions. (line 75)
* \lnot: Math symbols. (line 286)
-* \location: \location. (line 6)
+* \location: \location. (line 5)
* \log: Math functions. (line 78)
* \longleftarrow: Math symbols. (line 289)
* \longleftrightarrow: Math symbols. (line 292)
@@ -6754,19 +6699,19 @@ Command Index
* \longrightarrow: Math symbols. (line 298)
* \lor: Math symbols. (line 301)
* \lq: Text symbols. (line 36)
-* \makebox: \makebox. (line 6)
-* \makebox (picture): \makebox (picture). (line 6)
-* \makeglossary: Glossaries. (line 6)
-* \makeindex: Indexes. (line 6)
-* \makelabels: \makelabels. (line 6)
-* \maketitle: \maketitle. (line 6)
+* \makebox: \makebox. (line 5)
+* \makebox (picture): \makebox (picture). (line 5)
+* \makeglossary: Glossaries. (line 5)
+* \makeindex: Indexes. (line 5)
+* \makelabels: \makelabels. (line 5)
+* \maketitle: \maketitle. (line 5)
* \mapsto: Math symbols. (line 304)
-* \marginpar: Marginal notes. (line 6)
+* \marginpar: Marginal notes. (line 5)
* \marginparpush: Marginal notes. (line 35)
* \marginparsep: Marginal notes. (line 39)
* \marginparwidth: Marginal notes. (line 43)
-* \markboth{LEFT}{RIGHT}: \pagestyle. (line 30)
-* \markright{RIGHT}: \pagestyle. (line 37)
+* \markboth{LEFT}{RIGHT}: \pagestyle. (line 29)
+* \markright{RIGHT}: \pagestyle. (line 36)
* \mathbf: Font styles. (line 56)
* \mathcal: Font styles. (line 72)
* \mathnormal: Font styles. (line 69)
@@ -6775,7 +6720,7 @@ Command Index
* \mathtt: Font styles. (line 62)
* \mathversion: Font styles. (line 74)
* \max: Math functions. (line 81)
-* \mbox: \mbox. (line 6)
+* \mbox: \mbox. (line 5)
* \mdseries: Font styles. (line 29)
* \medskip: \bigskip \medskip \smallskip.
(line 13)
@@ -6785,101 +6730,102 @@ Command Index
* \mid: Math symbols. (line 309)
* \min: Math functions. (line 84)
* \models: Math symbols. (line 312)
-* \month: \day \month \year. (line 6)
+* \month: \day \month \year. (line 5)
* \mp: Math symbols. (line 315)
* \mu: Math symbols. (line 318)
-* \multicolumn: \multicolumn. (line 6)
-* \multiput: \multiput. (line 6)
+* \multicolumn: \multicolumn. (line 5)
+* \multiput: \multiput. (line 5)
* \nabla: Math symbols. (line 321)
-* \name: \name. (line 6)
+* \name: \name. (line 5)
* \natural: Math symbols. (line 324)
* \ne: Math symbols. (line 327)
* \nearrow: Math symbols. (line 330)
* \neg: Math symbols. (line 333)
* \neq: Math symbols. (line 336)
* \newcommand: \newcommand & \renewcommand.
- (line 6)
-* \newcounter: \newcounter. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* \newcounter: \newcounter. (line 5)
* \newenvironment: \newenvironment & \renewenvironment.
- (line 6)
-* \newfont: \newfont. (line 6)
-* \newlength: \newlength. (line 6)
-* \NEWLINE: \SPACE. (line 6)
-* \newline: \newline. (line 6)
-* \newpage: \newpage. (line 6)
-* \newsavebox: \newsavebox. (line 6)
-* \newtheorem: \newtheorem. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* \newfont: \newfont. (line 5)
+* \newlength: \newlength. (line 5)
+* \newline: \newline. (line 5)
+* \NEWLINE: \SPACE. (line 5)
+* \newpage: \newpage. (line 5)
+* \newsavebox: \newsavebox. (line 5)
+* \newtheorem: \newtheorem. (line 5)
* \newtie: Accents. (line 80)
-* \NG: Non-English characters.
- (line 35)
* \ng: Non-English characters.
(line 35)
+* \NG: Non-English characters.
+ (line 35)
* \ni: Math symbols. (line 339)
-* \nocite: \nocite. (line 6)
-* \nofiles: Tables of contents. (line 20)
-* \noindent: \noindent. (line 6)
+* \nocite: \nocite. (line 5)
+* \nofiles: Tables of contents. (line 19)
+* \noindent: \noindent. (line 5)
* \nolinebreak: \linebreak & \nolinebreak.
- (line 6)
-* \nonumber: eqnarray. (line 20)
+ (line 5)
+* \nonumber: eqnarray. (line 19)
* \nopagebreak: \pagebreak & \nopagebreak.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* \normalfont: Font styles. (line 50)
-* \normalmarginpar: Marginal notes. (line 23)
-* \normalsize: Font sizes. (line 11)
+* \normalmarginpar: Marginal notes. (line 22)
+* \normalsize: Font sizes. (line 10)
* \not: Math symbols. (line 342)
* \notin: Math symbols. (line 345)
* \nu: Math symbols. (line 348)
* \nwarrow: Math symbols. (line 351)
-* \O (/O): Non-English characters.
- (line 39)
* \o (/o): Non-English characters.
(line 39)
+* \O (/O): Non-English characters.
+ (line 39)
* \obeycr: \obeycr & \restorecr.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* \oddsidemargin: Document class options.
(line 55)
* \odot: Math symbols. (line 354)
-* \OE (OE): Non-English characters.
- (line 43)
* \oe (oe): Non-English characters.
(line 43)
+* \OE (OE): Non-English characters.
+ (line 43)
* \oint: Math symbols. (line 357)
-* \omega: Math symbols. (line 363)
* \Omega: Math symbols. (line 360)
+* \omega: Math symbols. (line 363)
* \ominus: Math symbols. (line 366)
-* \onecolumn: \onecolumn. (line 6)
-* \opening: \opening. (line 6)
+* \onecolumn: \onecolumn. (line 5)
+* \opening: \opening. (line 5)
* \oplus: Math symbols. (line 369)
* \oslash: Math symbols. (line 372)
* \otimes: Math symbols. (line 375)
-* \oval: \oval. (line 6)
+* \oval: \oval. (line 5)
* \overbrace{TEXT}: Math miscellany. (line 25)
* \overline{TEXT}: Math miscellany. (line 29)
* \owns: Math symbols. (line 378)
* \P: Text symbols. (line 39)
* \pagebreak: \pagebreak & \nopagebreak.
- (line 6)
-* \pagenumbering: \pagenumbering. (line 6)
-* \pageref: \pageref. (line 6)
-* \pagestyle: \pagestyle. (line 6)
+ (line 5)
+* \pagenumbering: \pagenumbering. (line 5)
+* \pageref: \pageref. (line 5)
+* \pagestyle: \pagestyle. (line 5)
* \paragraph: Sectioning. (line 19)
* \parallel: Math symbols. (line 381)
-* \parbox: \parbox. (line 6)
-* \parindent <1>: \indent. (line 6)
-* \parindent: minipage. (line 17)
-* \parsep: itemize. (line 80)
-* \parskip: \parskip. (line 6)
-* \parskip example: itemize. (line 97)
+* \parbox: \parbox. (line 5)
+* \parindent: minipage. (line 16)
+* \parindent <1>: \indent. (line 5)
+* \parsep: itemize. (line 79)
+* \parskip: \parskip. (line 5)
+* \parskip example: itemize. (line 94)
* \part: Sectioning. (line 8)
* \partial: Math symbols. (line 384)
-* \partopsep: itemize. (line 90)
+* \partopsep: itemize. (line 89)
* \perp: Math symbols. (line 387)
* \phi: Math symbols. (line 390)
-* \pi: Math symbols. (line 396)
* \Pi: Math symbols. (line 393)
+* \pi: Math symbols. (line 396)
* \pm: Math symbols. (line 399)
* \pmod: Math functions. (line 87)
* \poptabs: tabbing. (line 71)
+* \poptabs <1>: tabbing. (line 72)
* \pounds: Text symbols. (line 43)
* \Pr: Math functions. (line 90)
* \prec: Math symbols. (line 402)
@@ -6887,37 +6833,37 @@ Command Index
* \prime: Math symbols. (line 408)
* \prod: Math symbols. (line 411)
* \propto: Math symbols. (line 414)
-* \protect: \protect. (line 6)
-* \ps: \ps. (line 6)
-* \psi: Math symbols. (line 420)
+* \protect: \protect. (line 5)
+* \ps: \ps. (line 5)
* \Psi: Math symbols. (line 417)
+* \psi: Math symbols. (line 420)
* \pushtabs: tabbing. (line 74)
-* \put: \put. (line 6)
-* \quotedblbase ("): Text symbols. (line 47)
+* \put: \put. (line 5)
+* \quotedblbase (,,): Text symbols. (line 47)
* \quotesinglbase (,): Text symbols. (line 48)
* \r (ring accent): Accents. (line 74)
-* \raggedbottom: \raggedbottom. (line 6)
-* \raggedleft: \raggedleft. (line 6)
-* \raggedright: \raggedright. (line 6)
-* \raisebox: \raisebox. (line 6)
+* \raggedbottom: \raggedbottom. (line 5)
+* \raggedleft: \raggedleft. (line 5)
+* \raggedright: \raggedright. (line 5)
+* \raisebox: \raisebox. (line 5)
* \rangle: Math symbols. (line 423)
* \rbrace: Math symbols. (line 426)
* \rbrack: Math symbols. (line 429)
* \rceil: Math symbols. (line 432)
* \Re: Math symbols. (line 435)
-* \ref: \ref. (line 6)
-* \refstepcounter: \refstepcounter. (line 6)
+* \ref: \ref. (line 5)
+* \refstepcounter: \refstepcounter. (line 5)
* \renewenvironment: \newenvironment & \renewenvironment.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* \restorecr: \obeycr & \restorecr.
- (line 6)
-* \reversemarginpar: Marginal notes. (line 23)
+ (line 5)
+* \reversemarginpar: Marginal notes. (line 22)
* \rfloor: Math symbols. (line 438)
* \rhd: Math symbols. (line 441)
* \rho: Math symbols. (line 444)
* \right: Math miscellany. (line 21)
-* \rightarrow: Math symbols. (line 450)
* \Rightarrow: Math symbols. (line 447)
+* \rightarrow: Math symbols. (line 450)
* \rightharpoondown: Math symbols. (line 453)
* \rightharpoonup: Math symbols. (line 456)
* \rightleftharpoons: Math symbols. (line 459)
@@ -6926,47 +6872,49 @@ Command Index
* \rmfamily: Font styles. (line 20)
* \roman: \alph \Alph \arabic \roman \Roman \fnsymbol.
(line 18)
+* \roman <1>: \alph \Alph \arabic \roman \Roman \fnsymbol.
+ (line 21)
* \rq: Text symbols. (line 51)
-* \rule: \rule. (line 6)
+* \rule: \rule. (line 5)
* \S: Text symbols. (line 54)
-* \savebox: \savebox. (line 6)
-* \sbox: \sbox. (line 6)
+* \savebox: \savebox. (line 5)
+* \sbox: \sbox. (line 5)
* \sc: Font styles. (line 98)
-* \scriptsize: Font sizes. (line 11)
+* \scriptsize: Font sizes. (line 10)
* \scshape: Font styles. (line 44)
* \searrow: Math symbols. (line 462)
* \sec: Math functions. (line 93)
* \section: Sectioning. (line 13)
-* \seename: Indexes. (line 20)
+* \seename: Indexes. (line 19)
* \selectfont: Low-level font commands.
(line 76)
-* \setcounter: \setcounter. (line 6)
-* \setlength: \setlength. (line 6)
+* \setcounter: \setcounter. (line 5)
+* \setlength: \setlength. (line 5)
* \setminus: Math symbols. (line 465)
-* \settodepth: \settodepth. (line 6)
-* \settoheight: \settoheight. (line 6)
-* \settowidth: \settowidth. (line 6)
+* \settodepth: \settodepth. (line 5)
+* \settoheight: \settoheight. (line 5)
+* \settowidth: \settowidth. (line 5)
* \sf: Font styles. (line 101)
* \sffamily: Font styles. (line 41)
* \sharp: Math symbols. (line 468)
-* \shortstack: \shortstack. (line 6)
-* \sigma: Math symbols. (line 474)
+* \shortstack: \shortstack. (line 5)
* \Sigma: Math symbols. (line 471)
-* \signature: \signature. (line 6)
+* \sigma: Math symbols. (line 474)
+* \signature: \signature. (line 5)
* \sim: Math symbols. (line 477)
* \simeq: Math symbols. (line 480)
* \sin: Math functions. (line 96)
* \sinh: Math functions. (line 99)
* \sl: Font styles. (line 104)
* \slshape: Font styles. (line 38)
-* \small: Font sizes. (line 11)
+* \small: Font sizes. (line 10)
* \smallint: Math symbols. (line 483)
* \smallskip: \bigskip \medskip \smallskip.
(line 17)
* \smallskipamount: \bigskip \medskip \smallskip.
(line 17)
* \smile: Math symbols. (line 486)
-* \SPACE: \SPACE. (line 6)
+* \SPACE: \SPACE. (line 5)
* \spadesuit: Math symbols. (line 489)
* \sqcap: Math symbols. (line 492)
* \sqcup: Math symbols. (line 495)
@@ -6975,16 +6923,16 @@ Command Index
* \sqsubseteq: Math symbols. (line 501)
* \sqsupset: Math symbols. (line 504)
* \sqsupseteq: Math symbols. (line 507)
-* \SS (SS): Non-English characters.
- (line 47)
* \ss (ss): Non-English characters.
(line 47)
+* \SS (SS): Non-English characters.
+ (line 47)
* \stackrel{TEXT}{RELATION}: Math miscellany. (line 38)
* \star: Math symbols. (line 510)
-* \startbreaks: \startbreaks. (line 6)
-* \stepcounter: \stepcounter. (line 6)
-* \stop: Command line. (line 15)
-* \stopbreaks: \stopbreaks. (line 6)
+* \startbreaks: \startbreaks. (line 5)
+* \stepcounter: \stepcounter. (line 5)
+* \stop: Command line. (line 14)
+* \stopbreaks: \stopbreaks. (line 5)
* \subparagraph: Sectioning. (line 21)
* \subsection: Sectioning. (line 15)
* \subset: Math symbols. (line 513)
@@ -6998,16 +6946,16 @@ Command Index
* \supseteq: Math symbols. (line 531)
* \surd: Math symbols. (line 534)
* \swarrow: Math symbols. (line 537)
-* \symbol: Reserved characters. (line 25)
+* \symbol: Reserved characters. (line 24)
* \t (tie-after accent): Accents. (line 80)
-* \TAB: \SPACE. (line 6)
+* \TAB: \SPACE. (line 5)
* \tabbingsep: tabbing. (line 79)
-* \tabcolsep: tabular. (line 109)
-* \tableofcontents: Tables of contents. (line 6)
+* \tabcolsep: tabular. (line 108)
+* \tableofcontents: Tables of contents. (line 5)
* \tan: Math functions. (line 105)
* \tanh: Math functions. (line 108)
* \tau: Math symbols. (line 540)
-* \telephone: \telephone. (line 6)
+* \telephone: \telephone. (line 5)
* \TeX: Text symbols. (line 57)
* \textascenderwordmark: Text symbols. (line 95)
* \textasciicircum: Text symbols. (line 60)
@@ -7027,14 +6975,14 @@ Command Index
* \textcopyright: Text symbols. (line 11)
* \textdagger: Text symbols. (line 100)
* \textdaggerdbl: Text symbols. (line 103)
-* \textdollar (or $): Text symbols. (line 106)
+* \textdollar (or `$'): Text symbols. (line 106)
* \textellipsis: Text symbols. (line 32)
-* \textemdash (or ---): Text symbols. (line 109)
-* \textendash (or --): Text symbols. (line 112)
+* \textemdash (or `---'): Text symbols. (line 109)
+* \textendash (or `--'): Text symbols. (line 112)
* \texteuro: Text symbols. (line 115)
-* \textexclamdown (or !`): Text symbols. (line 118)
-* \textfloatsep: figure. (line 71)
-* \textfraction: figure. (line 75)
+* \textexclamdown (or `!`'): Text symbols. (line 118)
+* \textfloatsep: figure. (line 70)
+* \textfraction: figure. (line 74)
* \textgreater: Text symbols. (line 121)
* \textheight: Page layout parameters.
(line 27)
@@ -7044,14 +6992,15 @@ Command Index
* \textmd: Font styles. (line 29)
* \textnormal: Font styles. (line 50)
* \textordfeminine: Text symbols. (line 130)
+* \textordfeminine <1>: Text symbols. (line 134)
* \textordmasculine: Text symbols. (line 131)
* \textparagraph: Text symbols. (line 40)
* \textperiodcentered: Text symbols. (line 137)
-* \textquestiondown (or ?`): Text symbols. (line 140)
-* \textquotedblleft (or ``): Text symbols. (line 143)
-* \textquotedblright (or '): Text symbols. (line 146)
-* \textquoteleft (or `): Text symbols. (line 149)
-* \textquoteright (or '): Text symbols. (line 152)
+* \textquestiondown (or `?`'): Text symbols. (line 140)
+* \textquotedblleft (or ```'): Text symbols. (line 143)
+* \textquotedblright (or `''): Text symbols. (line 146)
+* \textquoteleft (or ``'): Text symbols. (line 149)
+* \textquoteright (or `''): Text symbols. (line 152)
* \textquotestraightbase: Text symbols. (line 155)
* \textquotestraightdblbase: Text symbols. (line 156)
* \textregistered: Text symbols. (line 159)
@@ -7070,27 +7019,27 @@ Command Index
* \textvisiblespace: Text symbols. (line 177)
* \textwidth: Page layout parameters.
(line 34)
-* \TH (): Non-English characters.
+* \th (th): Non-English characters.
(line 51)
-* \th (): Non-English characters.
+* \TH (TH): Non-English characters.
(line 51)
* \thanks{TEXT}: \maketitle. (line 21)
* \theta: Math symbols. (line 543)
-* \thicklines: \thicklines. (line 6)
-* \thinlines: \thinlines. (line 6)
-* \thinspace: \thinspace. (line 6)
-* \thispagestyle: \thispagestyle. (line 6)
+* \thicklines: \thicklines. (line 5)
+* \thinlines: \thinlines. (line 5)
+* \thinspace: \thinspace. (line 5)
+* \thispagestyle: \thispagestyle. (line 5)
* \tilde: Math accents. (line 40)
* \times: Math symbols. (line 546)
-* \tiny: Font sizes. (line 11)
+* \tiny: Font sizes. (line 10)
* \title{TEXT}: \maketitle. (line 25)
* \to: Math symbols. (line 549)
-* \today: \today. (line 6)
+* \today: \today. (line 5)
* \top: Math symbols. (line 552)
-* \topfraction: figure. (line 80)
+* \topfraction: figure. (line 79)
* \topmargin: Page layout parameters.
(line 40)
-* \topsep: itemize. (line 84)
+* \topsep: itemize. (line 83)
* \topskip: Page layout parameters.
(line 47)
* \totalheight: Predefined lengths. (line 12)
@@ -7099,33 +7048,33 @@ Command Index
* \triangleright: Math symbols. (line 561)
* \tt: Font styles. (line 107)
* \ttfamily: Font styles. (line 47)
-* \twocolumn: \twocolumn. (line 6)
-* \typein: \typein. (line 6)
-* \typeout: \typeout. (line 6)
+* \twocolumn: \twocolumn. (line 5)
+* \typein: \typein. (line 5)
+* \typeout: \typeout. (line 5)
* \u (breve accent): Accents. (line 85)
-* \unboldmath: Math formulas. (line 31)
+* \unboldmath: Math formulas. (line 30)
* \underbar: Accents. (line 88)
* \underbrace{math}: Math miscellany. (line 42)
* \underline{text}: Math miscellany. (line 45)
-* \unitlength: picture. (line 10)
+* \unitlength: picture. (line 9)
* \unlhd: Math symbols. (line 564)
* \unrhd: Math symbols. (line 567)
-* \uparrow: Math symbols. (line 573)
* \Uparrow: Math symbols. (line 570)
-* \updownarrow: Math symbols. (line 579)
+* \uparrow: Math symbols. (line 573)
* \Updownarrow: Math symbols. (line 576)
+* \updownarrow: Math symbols. (line 579)
* \uplus: Math symbols. (line 582)
* \upshape: Font styles. (line 35)
-* \upsilon: Math symbols. (line 588)
* \Upsilon: Math symbols. (line 585)
-* \usebox: \usebox. (line 6)
-* \usecounter: \usecounter. (line 6)
+* \upsilon: Math symbols. (line 588)
+* \usebox: \usebox. (line 5)
+* \usecounter: \usecounter. (line 5)
* \usefont: Low-level font commands.
(line 80)
* \usepackage: Document class options.
- (line 74)
+ (line 73)
* \v (breve accent): Accents. (line 95)
-* \value: \value. (line 6)
+* \value: \value. (line 5)
* \varepsilon: Math symbols. (line 591)
* \varphi: Math symbols. (line 594)
* \varpi: Math symbols. (line 597)
@@ -7134,225 +7083,248 @@ Command Index
* \vartheta: Math symbols. (line 606)
* \vdash: Math symbols. (line 609)
* \vdots: Math miscellany. (line 50)
+* \vdots <1>: Math miscellany. (line 51)
* \vec: Math accents. (line 43)
-* \vector: \vector. (line 6)
+* \vector: \vector. (line 5)
* \vee: Math symbols. (line 612)
-* \verb: \verb. (line 6)
-* \vert: Math symbols. (line 618)
+* \verb: \verb. (line 5)
* \Vert: Math symbols. (line 615)
-* \vfill: \vfill. (line 6)
-* \vline: \vline. (line 6)
-* \vspace: \vspace. (line 6)
+* \vert: Math symbols. (line 618)
+* \vfill: \vfill. (line 5)
+* \vline: \vline. (line 5)
+* \vspace: \vspace. (line 5)
* \wedge: Math symbols. (line 621)
* \widehat: Math accents. (line 46)
+* \widehat <1>: Math accents. (line 49)
* \width: Predefined lengths. (line 6)
* \wp: Math symbols. (line 624)
* \wr: Math symbols. (line 627)
-* \xi: Math symbols. (line 633)
* \Xi: Math symbols. (line 630)
-* \year: \day \month \year. (line 6)
+* \xi: Math symbols. (line 633)
+* \year: \day \month \year. (line 5)
* \zeta: Math symbols. (line 636)
-* \{: Reserved characters. (line 11)
+* \[: Math formulas. (line 17)
+* \\ (for `array'): array. (line 27)
+* \\ (for `center'): center. (line 12)
+* \\ (for `eqnarray'): eqnarray. (line 11)
+* \\ (for `flushright'): flushright. (line 11)
+* \\ (for `\shortstack' objects): \shortstack. (line 21)
+* \\ (tabbing): tabbing. (line 24)
+* \\ for letters: Letters. (line 31)
+* \\ for `flushleft': flushleft. (line 11)
+* \\ for `tabular': tabular. (line 22)
+* \\ for `verse': verse. (line 16)
+* \\ for `\author': \maketitle. (line 12)
+* \\ for `\title': \maketitle. (line 26)
+* \\ force line break: \\. (line 5)
+* \\* (for `eqnarray'): eqnarray. (line 16)
+* \]: Math formulas. (line 17)
+* \^: Reserved characters. (line 20)
+* \^ (circumflex accent): Accents. (line 33)
+* \_: Reserved characters. (line 10)
+* \` (grave accent): Accents. (line 37)
+* \` (tabbing): tabbing. (line 51)
+* \{: Reserved characters. (line 10)
* \|: Math symbols. (line 11)
-* \}: Reserved characters. (line 11)
-* \~: Reserved characters. (line 21)
+* \}: Reserved characters. (line 10)
+* \~: Reserved characters. (line 20)
* \~ (tilde accent): Accents. (line 43)
* ^: Subscripts & superscripts.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* _: Subscripts & superscripts.
- (line 6)
+ (line 5)
* a4paper option: Document class options.
- (line 19)
+ (line 18)
* a5paper option: Document class options.
- (line 19)
-* abstract environment: abstract. (line 6)
-* array environment: array. (line 6)
-* article class: Document classes. (line 13)
+ (line 18)
+* abstract environment: abstract. (line 5)
+* array environment: array. (line 5)
+* article class: Document classes. (line 12)
* b5paper option: Document class options.
- (line 19)
-* book class: Document classes. (line 13)
-* center environment: center. (line 6)
-* description environment: description. (line 6)
-* displaymath environment <1>: Math formulas. (line 6)
-* displaymath environment: displaymath. (line 6)
-* document environment: document. (line 6)
+ (line 18)
+* book class: Document classes. (line 12)
+* center environment: center. (line 5)
+* description environment: description. (line 5)
+* displaymath environment: displaymath. (line 5)
+* displaymath environment <1>: Math formulas. (line 5)
+* document environment: document. (line 5)
* draft option: Document class options.
- (line 24)
-* enumerate environment: enumerate. (line 6)
-* eqnarray environment: eqnarray. (line 6)
-* equation environment <1>: Math formulas. (line 6)
-* equation environment: equation. (line 6)
+ (line 23)
+* enumerate environment: enumerate. (line 5)
+* eqnarray environment: eqnarray. (line 5)
+* equation environment: equation. (line 5)
+* equation environment <1>: Math formulas. (line 5)
* executivepaper option: Document class options.
- (line 19)
-* figure: figure. (line 6)
+ (line 18)
+* figure: figure. (line 5)
* final option: Document class options.
- (line 24)
+ (line 23)
* fleqn option: Document class options.
- (line 24)
-* flushleft environment: flushleft. (line 6)
-* flushright environment: flushright. (line 6)
-* indexspace: Indexes. (line 33)
-* itemize environment: itemize. (line 6)
+ (line 23)
+* flushleft environment: flushleft. (line 5)
+* flushright environment: flushright. (line 5)
+* indexspace: Indexes. (line 31)
+* itemize environment: itemize. (line 5)
* landscape option: Document class options.
- (line 24)
+ (line 23)
* legalpaper option: Document class options.
- (line 19)
+ (line 18)
* leqno option: Document class options.
- (line 24)
-* letter: letter. (line 6)
-* letter class: Document classes. (line 13)
+ (line 23)
+* letter: letter. (line 5)
+* letter class: Document classes. (line 12)
* letterpaper option: Document class options.
- (line 19)
-* list: list. (line 6)
-* lR box: picture. (line 64)
-* lrbox: lrbox. (line 6)
-* math environment <1>: Math formulas. (line 6)
-* math environment: math. (line 6)
-* minipage environment: minipage. (line 6)
+ (line 18)
+* list: list. (line 5)
+* lR box: picture. (line 63)
+* lrbox: lrbox. (line 5)
+* math environment: math. (line 5)
+* math environment <1>: Math formulas. (line 5)
+* minipage environment: minipage. (line 5)
* notitlepage option: Document class options.
- (line 24)
+ (line 23)
* onecolumn option: Document class options.
- (line 49)
+ (line 48)
* oneside option: Document class options.
- (line 49)
+ (line 48)
* openany option: Document class options.
- (line 49)
+ (line 48)
* openbib option: Document class options.
- (line 24)
+ (line 23)
* openright option: Document class options.
- (line 49)
-* picture: picture. (line 6)
-* printindex: Indexes. (line 29)
-* quotation: quotation. (line 6)
-* quote: quote. (line 6)
-* report class: Document classes. (line 13)
-* secnumdepth counter: Sectioning. (line 54)
-* slides class: Document classes. (line 13)
-* tabbing environment: tabbing. (line 6)
-* table: table. (line 6)
-* tabular environment: tabular. (line 6)
-* textcomp package: Text symbols. (line 6)
-* thebibliography: thebibliography. (line 6)
-* theorem environment: theorem. (line 6)
-* titlepage environment: titlepage. (line 6)
+ (line 48)
+* picture: picture. (line 5)
+* printindex: Indexes. (line 27)
+* quotation: quotation. (line 5)
+* quote: quote. (line 5)
+* report class: Document classes. (line 12)
+* secnumdepth counter: Sectioning. (line 53)
+* slides class: Document classes. (line 12)
+* tabbing environment: tabbing. (line 5)
+* table: table. (line 5)
+* tabular environment: tabular. (line 5)
+* textcomp package: Text symbols. (line 5)
+* thebibliography: thebibliography. (line 5)
+* theorem environment: theorem. (line 5)
+* titlepage environment: titlepage. (line 5)
* titlepage option: Document class options.
- (line 24)
+ (line 23)
* twocolumn option: Document class options.
- (line 49)
+ (line 48)
* twoside option: Document class options.
- (line 49)
-* verbatim environment: verbatim. (line 6)
-* verse environment: verse. (line 6)
+ (line 48)
+* verbatim environment: verbatim. (line 5)
+* verse environment: verse. (line 5)

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Node: Overview3845
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-Node: Font sizes12211
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Node: \hline63992
Node: \vline64306
Node: thebibliography64619
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+Node: Symbolic footnotes81174
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+Node: \newcommand & \renewcommand83181
+Node: \newcounter84395
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Node: \newtheorem86948
-Node: \newfont87914
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+Node: \newfont87913
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Node: \alph \Alph \arabic \roman \Roman \fnsymbol90499
Node: \usecounter91544
Node: \value91906
@@ -7368,87 +7340,87 @@ Node: \settodepth95225
Node: \settoheight95500
Node: \settowidth95779
Node: Predefined lengths96043
-Node: Making paragraphs96557
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End Tag Table