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authorKarl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>2010-05-05 23:00:12 +0000
committerKarl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>2010-05-05 23:00:12 +0000
commit01421ee8d5eea8634737b0c96ca01ea93fefeb41 (patch)
tree92f1aa13153fe84d8e6b2d18626f86da06e8e14f /Master/texmf-dist
parente5875f3cea3bcfc703ea0a5dce87c986ccaeb008 (diff)
oops
git-svn-id: svn://tug.org/texlive/trunk@18117 c570f23f-e606-0410-a88d-b1316a301751
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-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/README29
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjob.pdfbin463847 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjob.sty188
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjob.tex2097
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjobx.pdfbin464034 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjobx.tex2096
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diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/README b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/README
deleted file mode 100644
index e8db2aec6f4..00000000000
--- a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/README
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
- +-----------------------------------------------------------+
- | 'arrayjob'; 'arrayjobx' |
- | Versions 1.03; 1.04 |
- | May 3, 2000; May 3, 2010 |
- | |
- | Zhuhan Jiang (University of Western Sydney - Australia) |
- | <zhuhan@scm.uws.edu.au> |
- +-----------------------------------------------------------+
-
-
-The 'arrayjob(x)' package provides array data structures in (La)TeX, in the
-meaning of the classical procedural programming languages like Fortran, Ada or
-C, and macros to manipulate them. Arrays can be mono or bi-dimensional.
-
-This is useful for applications which require high level programming
-techniques, like algorithmic graphics programmed in the TeX language.
-
-The accompanying documentation files (arrayjob.tex, arrayjobx.tex ) were
-written by Denis Girou <Denis.Girou@idris.fr> and updated by Michael Sharpe
-(msharpe@ucsd.edu).
-
-Version 1.03 (arrayjob) is provided only for compatibility with old work that
-made explicit use of the \array macro. Version 1.04 (arrayjobx, modification
-suggested by Michael Sharpe) should be used for all new work---the only
-difference is that the macro known as \array in version 1.03 is known under
-the name \arrayx in version 1.04 in order to avoid conflict with the name
-\array as used in amsmath.
-
-This package is released under the terms of the LaTeX Project Public License.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjob.pdf b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjob.pdf
deleted file mode 100644
index a20bf9e175d..00000000000
--- a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjob.pdf
+++ /dev/null
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diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjob.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjob.sty
deleted file mode 100644
index 0712a49d114..00000000000
--- a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjob.sty
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,188 +0,0 @@
-% ARRAY STRUCTURE - arrayjob.sty - Version 1.03 - 05/03/00
-%
-% By Zhuhan Jiang (01/05/95), extracted from formlett.sty
-% (see CTAN/macros/generic/formlett.sty from line 344 to line 483)
-%
-% This program can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
-% of the LaTeX Project Public License distributed from CTAN archives
-% in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt
-%
-% * 01/05/95 - Version 1.00
-% + Original version
-% * 12/21/99 - Version 1.01
-% + Spurious blanks removed in \read@array and \get@max@count
-% (reported by Antonio Leitao <aml@gia.ist.utl.pt>
-% and Denis Girou <Denis.Girou@idris.fr>)
-% * 04/05/00 - Version 1.02
-% + Add the \ifexpandarrayelement macro to allow to evaluate
-% or not the content to put as an element of the array
-% (from Denis Girou <Denis.Girou@idris.fr>)
-% + Put this package under the terms of the LaTeX Project
-% Public License
-% * 05/03/00 - Version 1.03
-% + Add a \ProvidesPackage macro when LaTeX is used
-% (according to the example given by Bernd Raichle
-% <raichle@Informatik.Uni-Stuttgart.DE>)
-%
-%
-% \newarray\ARRAYNAME
-% \delarray\ARRAYNAME
-%
-% \ARRAYNAME(A1,..,An)={T}
-% \readarray{ARRAYNAME}{ B1 & B2 & ... & Bm }
-% \dataheight
-%
-% \data(A1,...,An)=\data( A1 + (A2-1)*\dataheight +
-% ... + (An-1)*\dataheight^{n-1} )
-% if \normalindextrue
-% =\data( An + (An-1 -1)*\dataheight +
-% ... + (A1-1)*\dataheight^{n-1} )
-% if \normalindexfalse
-%
-% \checkARRAYNAME(A1,..,An)
-% \ifemptydata valid when \checkARRAYNAME is just executed
-% \cachedata: keeps the data of \ARRAYNAME(m)
-% when \checkARRAYNAME(m) is executed
-%
-% OTHERS:
-% save to array: \array{n}(m)={T}
-% get from array: \array{n}(m)
-% clear element: \clrarray{n}(m)
-% test element: \testarray{n}(m)
-% macro save to \temp@macro
-%
-%
-% e.g.
-%
-% \newarray\Table
-% \readarray{Table}{one&two& \unknownmacro && &six}
-% \Table(7)={seven}
-% \dataheight=0 % or 1 or < 0
-% \Table(7) = \Table(2,6,1) % 7=1+(2-1)+(6-1)+(1-1)
-% \normalindexfalse
-% \dataheight=3
-% \Table(7) = \Table(1,7) = \Table(3,1)
-% \normalindextrue
-% \Table(7) = \Table(7,1) = \Table(1,3)
-%
-% \checkTable(4) \ifemptydata (4)=empty \fi
-% \checkTable(5) \ifemptydata\else (5)=nonempty \fi
-% \ifx\cachedata\space ={\tt <space>}\fi
-% \checkTable(1000) \ifemptydata (1000)=empty \fi
-%
-% \delarray\Table
-%
-%
-\begingroup\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\endgroup
-\expandafter\ifx\csname ProvidesPackage\endcsname\relax%
-\else
- \ProvidesPackage{arrayjob}[2000/05/03 v1.03 Array management]
-\fi
-%
-\xdef\EntryArrayJob{\the\catcode`\@}\catcode`\@=11\relax
-\newif\ifemptydata \newcount\dataheight
-\newif\ifnormalindex \normalindexfalse
-%
-\newcount\array@width \newcount\index@count \newcount\index@total
-\newif\ifone@VEC \newif\if@rev@index
-\newtoks\temp@toks \newcount\temp@count
-\newcount\temp@@count \newcount\temp@@@count
-%
-\newif\ifexpandarrayelement
-%
-\long\def\assign@VEC#1(#2)=#3{\temp@count=#2 \relax
-\get@max@count{total@#1}\temp@count
-\ifexpandarrayelement
- \expandafter\xdef\csname#1#2\string~\endcsname{#3}%
-\else
- \expandafter\gdef\csname#1#2\string~\endcsname{#3}%
-\fi}
-\def\get@VEC#1(#2){\csname#1#2\string~\endcsname}
-\def\clrarray#1(#2){%
- \global\expandafter\let\csname#1#2\string~\endcsname=\undefined@}
-%
-\def\testarray#1(#2){%
- \expandafter\let\expandafter\temp@macro\csname#1#2\string~\endcsname
- \ifx\temp@macro\relax \def\temp@macro{}\fi}%
-%
-\def\array#1(#2){\def\check@VEC{%
- \ifx=\next@VEC \def\full@VEC####1{\assign@VEC#1(#2)####1}%
- \else \def\full@VEC{\get@VEC#1(#2)}\fi \full@VEC}%check@VEC
-\futurelet\next@VEC\check@VEC}
-%
-\def\get@index(#1)#2\safty@mark{\one@VEC#2,\safty@mark
- \def\next@@VEC{#1}\ifx\next@@VEC\empty\def\next@@VEC{\array@width}\fi
- \if@rev@index
- {\temp@count=1 \advance\index@count1 \relax
- \ifnum\index@count<\index@total
- \loop \multiply\temp@count \next@@VEC
- \advance\index@count-1 \relax
- \ifnum\index@count>0 \repeat
- \fi \global\temp@@count\temp@count }%
- \else \multiply\temp@@count \next@@VEC \fi
- \ifnum\temp@@count=0 \temp@@count=1 \relax \fi
- \advance\temp@count-1 \ifnum\temp@count<0 \temp@count=0 \fi
- \multiply\temp@count \temp@@count
- \advance\temp@@@count by \temp@count \advance\index@count1
- \ifone@VEC
- \def\next@@VEC{\index@total=\index@count \advance\temp@@@count1 }%
- \else \one@VEC#2\safty@mark \edef\next@@VEC{\noexpand\get@index(#1)%
- \the\temp@toks\noexpand\safty@mark}%
- \fi \next@@VEC}%
-%
-\def\one@VEC#1,#2\safty@mark{\def\temp@macro{#2}\temp@toks={#2}%
- \ifx\temp@macro\empty \one@VECtrue \else \one@VECfalse \fi
- \temp@count=#1 \relax }%
-%
-\def\get@all@index(#1)#2\safty@mark{%
- \temp@@@count=0 \temp@@count=0 \index@count=0 \@rev@indexfalse
- \get@index(#1)#2\safty@mark
- \ifnormalindex\else
- \temp@@@count=0 \temp@@count=0 \index@count=0 \@rev@indextrue
- \get@index(#1)#2\safty@mark \fi }%
-%
-\def\read@array[#1]#2#3{\temp@count=1
- \def\one@item##1#1##2\safty@mark{\def\temp@macro{##2}\temp@toks={##2}%
- \ifx\temp@macro\empty\else
- \def\temp@macro{\one@item##2\safty@mark}\fi
- {\temp@toks={##1}\def\temp@@macro{\array{#2}(\the\temp@count)=}%
- \expandafter\temp@@macro\expandafter{\the\temp@toks}}%
- \expandafter\edef\csname total@#2\endcsname{\the\temp@count}%
- \advance\temp@count1\temp@macro}%
- \one@item#3#1\safty@mark}%
-%
-\def\strip@esc#1{\temp@count=\escapechar \escapechar=-1 %
- \temp@toks=\expandafter{\string#1}\escapechar\temp@count}
-\def\get@max@count#1#2{\edef\temp@macro{\csname #1\endcsname}%
- \ifnum\temp@macro<#2\expandafter\xdef\csname #1\endcsname{\the#2}\fi}%
-%
-\def\newarray#1{\strip@esc{#1}%
- \expandafter\gdef\csname total@\the\temp@toks\endcsname{0}%
- \expandafter\edef\csname\the\temp@toks\endcsname(##1)%
- {\noexpand\get@all@index(\noexpand\dataheight)##1\noexpand\safty@mark
-% \noexpand\get@max@count{total@\the\temp@toks}\noexpand\temp@@@count
- \noexpand\array{\the\temp@toks}(\noexpand\the\noexpand\temp@@@count)}%
- \expandafter\edef\csname check\the\temp@toks\endcsname(##1)%
- {\noexpand\get@all@index(\noexpand\dataheight)##1\noexpand\safty@mark
- \noexpand\testarray{\the\temp@toks}(\noexpand\the
- \noexpand\temp@@@count)\noexpand\let\noexpand\cachedata
- \noexpand\temp@macro\noexpand\ifx\noexpand\temp@macro\noexpand\empty
- \noexpand\emptydatatrue\noexpand\else\noexpand\emptydatafalse
- \noexpand\fi}}%
-%
-\def\delarray#1{\strip@esc{#1}% delete array globally
- \temp@count=0 \temp@@count=\csname total@\the\temp@toks\endcsname
- \loop \expandafter\global\expandafter\let
- \csname\the\temp@toks\string~\endcsname\undefined@
- \advance\temp@count1 %
- \ifnum\temp@count<\temp@@count \repeat % global loop for less memory
- \global\expandafter\let\csname total@\the\temp@toks\endcsname\undefined@
- \global\expandafter\let\csname \the\temp@toks\endcsname\undefined@
- \global\expandafter\let\csname check\the\temp@toks\endcsname\undefined@ }%
-%
-\def\readarray#1#2{\read@array[&]{#1}{#2}}%
-%
-\catcode`\@=\EntryArrayJob\relax
-\endinput
-%
-% END OF MACROS
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjob.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjob.tex
deleted file mode 100644
index 899cfe39e7e..00000000000
--- a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjob.tex
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2097 +0,0 @@
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -*- Mode: Latex -*- %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% arrayjob.doc --- Documentation of the `arrayjob' package from Zhuhan Jiang
-%%
-%% Author : Denis GIROU (CNRS/IDRIS - France) <Denis.Girou@idris.fr>
-%% Created the : Fri Jan 7 21:13:20 2000
-%% Last mod. by : Denis GIROU (CNRS/IDRIS - France) <Denis.Girou@idris.fr>
-%% Last mod. the : Wed May 31 20:10:39 2000
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-\documentclass{article}
-
-\usepackage{arrayjob} % Arrays management
-\usepackage{fancyvrb} % Fancy verbatims
-\usepackage[width=18cm]{geometry} % Page layout
-\usepackage{graphics} % Graphics LaTeX standard package
-\usepackage{ifthen} % Convenient conditionals in LaTeX
-\usepackage{mflogo} % For the MetaFont and MetaPost logos
-\usepackage{multido} % General loop macro
-\usepackage{url} % URLs convenient typesetting
-\usepackage{trace}
-
-% For PSTricks examples
-\newif\ifpstricks
-\IfFileExists{pstricks.sty}{%
-\pstrickstrue
-%\usepackage{pstcol} % PSTricks package with `color' interface
-\usepackage{pst-node} % PSTricks nodes package
-\usepackage{pst-plot} % PSTricks plots package
-\usepackage{pst-grad} % PSTricks gradients package
-%\usepackage{pst-key} % PSTricks interface to the `keyval' package
-}{%
-\usepackage{color}
-} % Color LaTeX standard package
-
-% Definition of new colors
-\definecolor{Khaki} {rgb}{0.94,0.90,0.55}
-\definecolor{LemonChiffon}{rgb}{1.,0.98,0.8}
-
-% A unique string for TeX and LaTeX
-\newcommand{\AllTeX}{%
-{\rm(L\kern-.36em\raise.3ex\hbox{\sc a}\kern-.15em)%
-T\kern-.1667em\lower.7ex\hbox{E}\kern-.125emX}}
-
-% Package names
-\newcommand{\AlDraTeXPackage}{\textsf{(Al)Dra\TeX}}
-\newcommand{\ArrayJobPackage}{`\textsf{arrayjob}'}
-\newcommand{\FormLettPackage}{`\textsf{formlett}'}
-\newcommand{\IfThenPackage}{`\textsf{ifthen}'}
-\newcommand{\MetaFontPackage}{\MF}
-\newcommand{\MetaPostPackage}{\MP}
-\newcommand{\MultiDoPackage}{`\textsf{multido}'}
-\newcommand{\PSTricksPackage}{\textsf{PSTricks}}
-\newcommand{\RepeatPackage}{`\textsf{repeat}'}
-
-% Aligned labels in a description environment
-\newenvironment{Description}[1]{%
-\begin{list}{nothing}{\setlength{\leftmargin}{#1}
-\setlength{\labelwidth}{\leftmargin}\setlength{\labelsep}{1mm}}}
-{\end{list}}
-
-% If PSTricks is not available
-\newcommand{\PSTricksExampleNotShown}{%
-\vspace{2mm}
-\centerline{\fbox{\textbf{Example not shown here because PSTricks is not
- available on this platform.}}}}
-
-% Character to define verbatim strings, with escape characters /?; (from `fancyvrb')
-\DefineShortVerb[commandchars=/?;]{\!}
-
-\VerbatimFootnotes % Allow verbatim material in footnotes (from `fancyvrb')
-
-% Some advices from Rolf Niepraschk
-\newcommand{\BS}{\texttt{\symbol{`\\}}}
-\newcommand{\Macro}[1]{\texttt{\BS#1}}
-\newcommand{\Variable}[1]{\textnormal{\textit{\(\langle\)#1\,\(\rangle\)}}}
-\newcommand{\Parameter}[1]{\texttt{\symbol{`\{}#1\symbol{`\}}}}
-
-% To format TeX macro strings
-\newcommand{\FormatTeXMacro}[1]{\Macro{#1}\hfill :}
-
-\makeatletter
-
-% Example environments
-% (do not use in them the /?; characters, that we will be used as escape characters!)
-
-% For highlighting some verbatim sequences (array names, macro names and comments)
-\def\HLReverse#1{{%
-\setlength{\fboxsep}{1pt}%
-\colorbox{black}{\textcolor{white}{\textbf{#1}}}}}
-\def\HLMacro#1{\BS{}def\HLMacro@i#1\@nil}
-\def\HLMacro@i#1def#2\@nil{{%
-\setlength{\fboxsep}{1pt}%
-\colorbox{black}{\textcolor{white}{\textbf{#2}}}}}
-\def\HLComment#1{\textit{#1}}
-
-\def\Example{\FV@Environment{}{Example}}
-\def\endExample{%
-\end{VerbatimOut}
-\Below@Example{\input{\jobname.tmp}}
-\endgroup}
-
-\def\CenterExample{\FV@Environment{}{Example}}
-\def\endCenterExample{%
-\end{VerbatimOut}%
-\begin{center}
-\Below@Example{\input{\jobname.tmp}}
-\end{center}
-\endgroup}
-
-\def\SideBySideExample{\FV@Environment{}{Example}}
-\def\endSideBySideExample{%
-\end{VerbatimOut}%
-\SideBySide@Example{\input{\jobname.tmp}}
-\endgroup}
-
-\def\FVB@Example{%
-\begingroup
-\FV@UseKeyValues
-\parindent=0pt
-\multiply\topsep by 2
-\VerbatimEnvironment
-\begin{VerbatimOut}[codes={\catcode`\Z=12}]{\jobname.tmp}}
-
-\def\Below@Example#1{%
-\VerbatimInput[gobble=0,commentchar=Z,commandchars=/?;,numbersep=3pt,
- frame=single,numbers=left]%
- {\jobname.tmp}
-\catcode`\Z=9\relax%
-% We suppress the effect of the highlighting macros
-\catcode`/=0\relax%
-\catcode`?=1\relax%
-\catcode`;=2\relax%
-\def\HLReverse##1{##1}%
-\def\HLMacro##1{##1}%
-\def\HLComment##1{##1}%
-#1\par}
-
-\def\SideBySide@Example#1{%
-\@tempdimb=\FV@XRightMargin
-\advance\@tempdimb -5mm
-\begin{minipage}[c]{\@tempdimb}
- \fvset{xrightmargin=0pt}
- \catcode`\Z=9\relax%
- % We suppress the effect of the highlighting macros
- \catcode`/=0\relax%
- \catcode`?=1\relax%
- \catcode`;=2\relax%
- \def\HLReverse##1{##1}%
- \def\HLMacro##1{##1}%
- \def\HLComment##1{##1}%
- #1
-\end{minipage}%
-\@tempdimb=\textwidth
-\advance\@tempdimb -\FV@XRightMargin
-\advance\@tempdimb 5mm
-\begin{minipage}[c]{\@tempdimb}
- \VerbatimInput[gobble=0,commentchar=Z,commandchars=/?;,
- numbersep=3pt,frame=single,numbers=left,
- xleftmargin=5mm,xrightmargin=0pt]{\jobname.tmp}
-\end{minipage}}
-
-\makeatother
-
-% Source codes must be indented by 2 spaces
-\fvset{gobble=2,frame=single,numbers=left,numbersep=1mm}
-
-\begin{document}
-
-\title{The \ArrayJobPackage{} package\\Management of arrays in \AllTeX}
-\author{Zhuhan Jiang\\School of Computing and Mathematics\\
- University of Western Sydney\\Sydney\\Australia\\
- {\footnotesize email: zhuhan@scm.uws.edu.au}\\[5mm]
- {\footnotesize (Documentation: Denis Girou%
- \footnote{All errors and misunderstandings are mine.}
- \hspace{1mm}(CNRS/IDRIS -- France) --
- Denis.Girou@idris.fr)}}
-\date{Version 1.03\\May 3, 2000\\
- {\small Documentation revised May 31, 2000, edited lightly May 3, 2010 by Michael Sharpe}}
-
-\maketitle
-
-\begin{abstract}
- This package provides array data structures in \AllTeX, in the meaning of
-the classical procedural programming languages like Fortran, Ada or C, and
-macros to manipulate them. Arrays can be mono or bi-dimensional.
-
- This is useful for applications which require high level programming
-techniques, like algorithmic graphics programmed in \TeX. This version conflicts with some macros in the {\tt amsmath} package. Version 1.04 resolves those issues. It should be used for all new work.
-\end{abstract}
-
-\tableofcontents
-
-\section{Introduction}
-
- One of the big advantages of the \AllTeX{} system over common interactive
-software for text processing is that it offer, also, a programming language,
-which give, to people who have some knowledge in the algorithmic and
-programming fields, an exceptional flexibility and power.
-
- Nevertheless, \TeX{} is a rather specific programming language, based on
-macro expansion, which implements a lot of unusual constructs but lacks some that are very familiar in the classical procedural languages, as
-\emph{arrays} to store and retrieve arbitrary pieces of data, stored in a
-structured way. The main reason why they were not integrated in \TeX{} was
-perhaps that arrays did not seem very useful in a language focussed on text processing (but
-\MetaFontPackage{}, for instance, does has them). Nevertheless, one of the few
-applications where this is straightforward to use them is to program a mailing
-system, where nearly the same information is to be formatted several times,
-depending of values which can be simply retrieved from an array of data. This
-was the goal of the \FormLettPackage{} package \cite{FORMLETT}, written in
-1993-1995 by Zhuhan Jiang for dealing with mass letters, invoices and similar
-tasks of some duplicative nature. It implemented a small but powerful set of
-macros to manage arrays, which have been extracted to form the present
-\ArrayJobPackage{} package. The arrays can be mono or bi-dimensional%
-\footnote{You can use more than two dimensions, but not in the meaning of the
-classical programming languages (see page \pageref{par:DataHeight})}
-and they are dynamically allocated (so we do not have to declare their
-dimension statically.)%
-\footnote{Stephan von Bechtolsheim \cite[Volume \textsc{III}, paragraph 20.3,
-page 136]{SVB93} also demonstrated such macros for array management in the
-third volume of his huge book, but it was limited to mono-dimensional
-arrays.}.
-
- Array structures are, at the opposite of text management, often very useful
-in graphic programming. This is why the \AlDraTeXPackage{} package from Eitan
-Gurari \cite{ALDRATEX} (see also \cite{Gur94}) integrate such functionality
-(but which is bundled inside this package and could not be extracted easily
-from it), and this is also the case for the \MetaPostPackage{} package
-\cite{METAPOST} (but this one do not use \TeX{} as programming language)%
-\footnote{Another required feature, used in conjunction with the managements
-of arrays, is a generic loop mechanism. \TeX{} offer the \Macro{loop} macro
-and \LaTeX{} the \Macro{whiledo} macro of the \IfThenPackage{} package (and
-also the internal \Macro{@for}, \Macro{@whilenum}, etc. macros), but a more
-high-level structure is to be preferred, as the ones defined too in the
-\AlDraTeXPackage{} or \MetaPostPackage{} packages. We will use in our examples
-the \MultiDoPackage{} package \cite{MULTIDO}, also written by Timothy van
-Zandt, but others are available, like the \RepeatPackage{} package written by
-Victor Eijkhout \cite{REPEAT}.}. This fact explain why most of our examples in
-this documentation will concern the area of \emph{graphic programming} (here
-using the \PSTricksPackage{} package from Timothy van Zandt \cite{PSTRICKS}).
-
-\section{Command reference}
-
-\begin{Description}{4cm}
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{newarray}] Define a new array.
-
- Syntax: !\newarray/Macro?/Variable?ArrayName;;!
-
- Example: !\newarray\Values!
-
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{delarray}] Delete an array.
-
- Syntax: !\delarray/Macro?/Variable?ArrayName;;!
-
- Example: !\delarray\Values!
-
- Remarks:
- \begin{enumerate}
- \item obviously, elements of a deleted array could not be accessed
- later,
- \item take care that the elements of a deleted array are not
- themselves deleted.\newline
- So, \verb+\delarray\Data \newarray\Data \Data(I)+ can produce
- strange behavior. Just avoid reusing deleted arrays.
- \end{enumerate}
-
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{ArrayName}] Store or get the content of the array
- element specified by the index/indices. In the last case, the content is
- inserted at the current point.
-
- Syntax: !/Macro?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I)=/Parameter?/Variable?Content;;! or more
- generally\newline
- \hspace*{1.3cm}!/Macro?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I1,...,In)=/Parameter?/Variable?Content;;!
- to store a value
-
- \hspace{1.3cm}!/Macro?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I)! or more generally
- !/Macro?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I1,...,In)! to retrieve a value
-
- Examples: !\Data(6)={Paul Adams}!
-
- \hspace{1.75cm}!\Values(19)!
-
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{readarray}] Store consecutive values in an array,
- starting from the indice one.
-
- Syntax: !\readarray/Parameter?/Variable?ArrayName;;=/Parameter?/Variable?Content1;&...&/Variable?ContentM;;!
-
- Example: !\readarray{Actors}{Louise Brooks&Marlene Dietrich&Clark Gable}!
-
- Remarks:
- \begin{enumerate}
- \item the values must be separated by the \textbf{\&} character,
- \item take care that the trailing spaces are significant, so the
- previous definition is different from the following one:
-
- !\readarray{Actors}{Louise Brooks & Marlene Dietrich & Clark Gable}!
- \item you can use \AllTeX{} macros inside the values.
- \end{enumerate}
-\end{Description}
-
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm]
- \newarray\Values
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Values;}{A&B&C&D}
- \verb+\Values(3)+ = `\Values(3)'
- \newarray\Actors
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Actors;}{Louise Brooks&Marlene Dietrich&Clark Gable}
- Z\par
- \verb+\Actors(2)+ = `\Actors(2)'
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Actors;}{%
- Louise Brooks & Marlene Dietrich & Clark Gable}
- Z\par
- \verb+\Actors(2)+ = `\Actors(2)'
- \Actors(4)={\textit{\underline{Ida Lupino}}}
- Z\par
- \verb+\Actors(4)+ = `\Actors(4)'
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\vspace{3mm}
-\noindent If you really need to trim the unnecessary left and right spaces, you must
-apply a special action, like this one:
-
-\begin{Example}
- \def\BS{\texttt{\symbol{`\\}}}
-
- \newarray\Strings
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Strings;}{a& b&c c & d dd ddd }
-
- \multido{\iString=1+1}{4}{%
- \checkStrings(\iString)%
- \BS\texttt{Strings(\iString)}=`\cachedata'\qquad}
-
- \makeatletter
-
- % /HLComment?A \TrimSpaces macro adapted from Michael J. Downes <epsmjd@ams.org>;
- % /HLComment?(posted on c.t.t. June 19, 1998);
- % /HLComment?\number`\x reads past one following space (expanding as it goes);
- \long\def\TrimSpaces#1{\expandafter\TrimSpaces@i\number`\^^00#1| |}
- % /HLComment?Remove the "0" produced by \number`\^^00, and " |" at the end.;
- \long\def\TrimSpaces@i 0#1 |{\TrimSpaces@ii\empty#1|}
- % /HLComment?" |" was removed by \TrimSpaces@i, now remove a trailing "||" or "| |";
- \long\def\TrimSpaces@ii #1|#2|{#1}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \multido{\iString=1+1}{4}{%
- \checkStrings(\iString)%
- \BS\texttt{Strings(\iString)}=`\TrimSpaces{\cachedata}'\qquad}
-\end{Example}
-
-\begin{Description}{4cm}
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{check}] Get the content of the array element specified
- by the indice(s) and store the result in the macro !\cachedata!
-
- Syntax: !\check/Variable?ArrayName;(I)! or more generally
- !\check/Variable?ArrayName;(I1,..,In)!
-
- Example: !\checkActors(2)!
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{cachedata}] Macro where the content is stored after
- a !\check! request.
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{ifemptydata}] True if the last \Macro{check} request
- has given an empty result.
-\end{Description}
-
-\newarray\Values
-\readarray{Values}{A&B&C&D}
-
-\newarray\Actors
-\newarray\Dates
-\newarray\Sexes
-\readarray{Actors}{Louise Brooks&%
- Marlene Dietrich&%
- Clark Gable}
-\readarray{Dates}{1906--1985&%
- 1902--1992&%
- 1901--1960}
-\readarray{Sexes}{2&2&1}
-
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm]
- % /HLComment?Plain TeX usage;
- \checkValues(2)%
- \verb+\Values(2)+ = `\cachedata'
- Z\par
- \checkActors(3)%
- \verb+\Actors(3)+ = `\cachedata'
- Z\par
- \checkActors(5)%
- \ifemptydata
- \verb+\Actors(5)+ not defined.
- \fi
- Z\par
- % /HLComment?LaTeX usage;
- \newcommand{\IsEmptyElement}[2]{%
- \ifthenelse{\boolean{emptydata}}{#1}{#2}}
- \checkActors(3)%
- \verb+\Actors(3)+ = \IsEmptyElement{not defined}{`\cachedata'}
- Z\par
- \checkActors(5)%
- \verb+\Actors(5)+ \IsEmptyElement{not defined}{`\cachedata'}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\begin{Description}{4cm}
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{ifnormalindex}] See below (Default: !\normalindexfalse!).
-
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{dataheight}\label{par:DataHeight}] Counter containing
- the number of elements in the first dimension, if arrays are bi-dimensional.
-
- Syntax: !\dataheight=/Variable?Number;!
-
- Remarks:
- \begin{enumerate}
- \item arrays are monodimensional when !\dataheight!~$\leq~1$,
- \item if !\normalindexfalse! (which is the default value), we have:
- $$\hspace{-3cm}\Macro{\Variable{ArrayName}}(I_1,...,I_n)
- = \Macro{\Variable{ArrayName}}(I_n + (I_{n-1}-1) *
- \Macro{dataheight} + \cdots
- + (I_1-1) * \Macro{dataheight}^{n-1})$$
-
- and if !\normalindextrue!, we have:
- $$\hspace{-3cm}\Macro{\Variable{ArrayName}}(I_1,...,I_n)
- = \Macro{\Variable{ArrayName}}(I_1 + (I_2-1) *
- \Macro{dataheight} + \cdots
- + (I_n-1) * \Macro{dataheight}^{n-1})$$
- \end{enumerate}
-\end{Description}
-
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm]
- \newarray\Letters
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Letters;}{A&B&C&D&E&F&G&H&I&J}
- \dataheight=5
-
- Z\begin{tabular}{c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
- Z \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{2} &
- Z \multicolumn{1}{c}{3} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{4} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{5} \\ \cline{2-6}
- Z 1 & A & B & C & D & E \\ \cline{2-6}
- Z 2 & F & G & H & I & J \\ \cline{2-6}
- Z\end{tabular}
- Z\\[2mm]
- % /HLComment?Default is \normalindexfalse;
- \verb+\Letters(1,2)=+`\Letters(1,2)'
- Z\par
- \verb+\Letters(2,1)=+`\Letters(2,1)'
- Z\\[2mm]
- Z\begin{tabular}{c|c|c|}
- Z \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{2} \\ \cline{2-3}
- Z 1 & A & F \\ \cline{2-3}
- Z 2 & B & G \\ \cline{2-3}
- Z 3 & C & H \\ \cline{2-3}
- Z 4 & D & I \\ \cline{2-3}
- Z 5 & E & J \\ \cline{2-3}
- Z\end{tabular}
- Z\\[2mm]
- \normalindextrue
- \verb+\Letters(1,2)=+`\Letters(1,2)'
- Z\par
- \verb+\Letters(2,1)=+`\Letters(2,1)'
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\begin{Description}{4cm}
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{ifexpandarrayelement}] Boolean macro to allow or not
- the element to be evaluated before to be stored in the array (Default:
- !\expandarrayelementfalse!).
-
- Syntax: !\expandarrayelementtrue! or !\expandarrayelementfalse!
-
- Remark: take care to the possible side effects if you store some macros
- as values of some array elements without evaluating them, as they can
- change of content later... (see the following examples).
-\end{Description}
-
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm]
- \newarray\Data
- \newcount\CounterP % /HLComment?Plain TeX usage;
- \CounterP=3
- \newcounter{CounterL} % /HLComment?LaTeX usage;
- \setcounter{CounterL}{3}
- \def\Town{Madrid}
- \Data(1)={\the\CounterP}
- \Data(2)={\the\value{CounterL}}
- \Data(3)={\Town}
-
- \expandarrayelementtrue
- \Data(4)={\the\CounterP}
- \Data(5)={\the\value{CounterL}}
- \Data(6)={\Town}
-
- \CounterP=5
- \setcounter{CounterL}{5}
- \def\Town{Roma}
-
- \multido{\iData=1+1}{6}{%
- \BS\texttt{Data(\iData)}=`\Data(\iData)'\\}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\vspace{3mm}
-\noindent Some other macros exists for mono-dimensional arrays (and only for
-them), but have little additional interest:
-
-\begin{Description}{4cm}
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{array}] Store or get the content of the array element
- specified by the index. In the last case, the content is inserted at the
- current point.\footnote{The macro name \verb|\array| conflicts with macros in {\tt amsmath}. This is changed in version 1.04.}
-
- Syntax: !\array/Parameter?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I)=/Parameter?/Variable?Content;;!
- to store a value
-
- \hspace{1.3cm}!\array/Parameter?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I)! to retrieve a value
-
- Examples: !\array{Actors}(6)={Joan Crawford}!
-
- \hspace{1.75cm}!\array{Actors}(3)!
-
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{clrarray}] Clear the content of the array element specified.
- A following inquiry on this element will give an empty content.
-
- Syntax: !\clrarray/Parameter?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I)!
-
- Example: !\clrarray{Actors}(2)!
-
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{testarray}] Get the content of the array element specified
- by the index and store the result in the macro !\temp@macro!%
- \footnote{In \LaTeX, this macro should be used inside a package or between
- the \verb+\makeatletter+ $\cdots$ \verb+\makeatother+ macro pair.}.
-
- Syntax: !\testarray/Parameter?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I)!
-
- Example: !\testarray{Actors}(1)\typeout{Actors(1)=`\temp@macro'}!
-\end{Description}
-
-\section{Examples}
-
-\UndefineShortVerb{\!} % We will use the ! character in the next examples
-
- We will first show some basic and easy examples, before looking at more
-advanced ones to solve some complex problems, which require more knowledge of
-\TeX{} programming techniques.
-
-\subsection{Basic examples}
-
- The immediate thing for which we can use arrays is to store and retrieve
-information:
-
-\vspace{2mm}
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm]
- \newarray\Actors
- \newarray\Dates
- \newarray\Sexes
-
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Actors;}{Louise Brooks&Marlene Dietrich&Clark Gable}
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Dates;}{1906--1985&1902--1992&1901--1960}
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Sexes;}{2&2&1}
-
- \begin{description}
- \item[\Actors(1)] : \Dates(1)
- \item[\Actors(2)] : \Dates(2)
- \item[\Actors(3)] : \Dates(3)
- \end{description}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\vspace{2mm}
- But we can also use a general loop macro, as the one provided by the
-\MultiDoPackage{} package, for more powerful usage and a management
-independent of the number of elements:
-
-\vspace{2mm}
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm]
- \newcommand{\NumberActors}{3}
-
- \begin{description}
- \multido{\iActor=1+1}{\NumberActors}{%
- \item[\Actors(\iActor)] : \Dates(\iActor)}
- \end{description}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\vspace{2mm}
- This allow various usage in the formatting of texts. A common usage is for a
-\emph{mailing} process, when we must compose some similar letters to various
-people (as we said previously, this was the reason for which these macros were
-developed in the \FormLettPackage{} package). Here, the usage of a programming
-language allow a great flexibility, using some conditionals to format the text
-differently or even to insert different pieces of text according to the person:
-
-\newcommand{\NumberActors}{3}
-
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \newcounter{iActor}
-
- \newcommand{\AccordingSexe}[2]{%
- \checkSexes(\the\value{iActor})%
- \ifthenelse{\equal{\cachedata}{1}}{#1}{#2}}
-
- \whiledo{\value{iActor} < \NumberActors}{%
- \stepcounter{iActor}%
- \fbox{%
- \begin{minipage}{0.985\textwidth}
- Dear \AccordingSexe{Mr}{Mrs} \Actors(\the\value{iActor}),
-
- I would like to tell you how I admire the great \AccordingSexe{actor}{actress}
- you are, etc.
- \end{minipage}}\\[5mm]}
-\end{CenterExample}
-
- Nevertheless, people who know a little \TeX{} as a programming language know
-that it behaviour is full of pitfalls... For instance, the following example,
-which format a table according to the content of entries stored in external
-arrays, can't work:
-
-\begin{Verbatim}
- \begin{tabular}{|l|c|}
- \hline
- \multicolumn{1}{|c}{\textbf{Actors}} & \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{\textbf{Dates}} \\ \hline
- \multido{\iActor=1+1}{\NumberActors}{\Actors(\iActor) & \Dates(\iActor) \\ \hline}
- \end{tabular}
-\end{Verbatim}
-
- This is because there is an implicit grouping of each entry in a tabular
-environment and that it do not work with the grouping of the \verb+\multido+
-loop. So, this must be program in a different way, storing all the content of
-the table before really inserting it:
-
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm,baselinestretch=0.9]
- \begin{tabular}{|l|c|}
- \hline
- \multicolumn{1}{|c}{\textbf{Actors}} &
- \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{\textbf{Dates}} \\ \hline
- \let\ListActors\empty
- \begingroup
- \let\Actors\relax
- \let\Dates\relax
- \let\\\relax
- \let\hline\relax
- \multido{\iActor=1+1}{\NumberActors}{%
- \xdef\ListActors{\ListActors
- \Actors(\iActor) & \Dates(\iActor) \\ \hline}}
- \endgroup
- \ListActors
- \end{tabular}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\subsubsection{Plot labels}
-
- A basic usage in graphic programming is to use arrays to retrieve the labels
-to put on a drawing, as here to label the simple plot below. (Note the change from the original documentation. The axis labels used with \verb|\psaxes| must now be numeric, so it is necessary to bypass the automatic axis labeling.)
-\ifpstricks % If PSTricks is available
-\begin{CenterExample}[baselinestretch=0.9]
- \savedata{\Data}[(1,3)(2,1)(3,2)(4,1)(5,1)(6,3),(7,2)(8,1)(9,3)(10,3)(11,1)(12,1)]
-
- \newcommand{\PlotData}[1]{%
- \begin{pspicture}(-0.5,-0.5)(13,4)
- \psaxes[labels=none]{->}(13,4)
- \dataplot[plotstyle=dots,dotstyle=o,dotsize=0.3]{\Data}
- #1\end{pspicture}}
- \PlotData{\psaxes[showorigin=false]{->}(13,4)}
-
- \newarray{\Months}
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Months;}{January&February&March&April&May&June&July&August&September&%
- October&November&December}
- \newarray{\Levels}
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Levels;}{Low&Medium&High}
- %\renewcommand{\pshlabel}[1]{\tiny\Months(#1)}
- \PlotData{\psaxes[labels=y,showorigin=false]{->}(13,4)%
- \multido{\i=1+1}{12}{\rput[B](\i,-12pt){\tiny\Months(\i)}}}
-
- %\renewcommand{\psvlabel}[1]{\small\Levels(#1)}
- \PlotData{\multido{\i=1+1}{12}{\rput[B](\i,-12pt){\tiny\Months(\i)}}%
- \multido{\i=1+1}{3}{\rput[r](-12pt,\i){\small\Levels(\i)}}}
-\end{CenterExample}
-\else
- \PSTricksExampleNotShown
-\fi % End \pstrickstrue
-
-\subsubsection{Checkboard drawing}
-
- Of course, a bi-dimensional array directly allow to store the state of a
-checkboard of one of the numerous ones existing, like the reversi game that
-we will show here (in fact, the only more difficult part to understand in this
-example concern the definition of the elementary piece, but as this is not
-related at all to the usage of \ArrayJobPackage, this point can be forgotten
-by most of the readers).
-
-\ifpstricks % If PSTricks is available
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm,baselinestretch=0.89]
- /HLMacro?\def\Black;{B}
- /HLMacro?\def\White;{W}
-
- /HLMacro?\def\Piece;#1#2{{%
- \psset{unit=0.8}%
- \pspicture(0,-0.1)(1,0.8)
- \pscustom[fillstyle=gradient,gradmidpoint=0,gradangle=90,
- gradbegin=#2,gradend=#1]{%
- \psbezier(0,0.2)(0.1,-0.2)(0.9,-0.2)(1,0.2)
- \psline(1,0.2)(1,0.5)
- \psbezier(1,0.5)(0.9,0.9)(0.1,0.9)(0,0.5)
- \psline(0,0.5)(0,0.2)}
- \psbezier(0,0.5)(0.1,0.1)(0.9,0.1)(1,0.5)
- \endpspicture}}
-
- /HLMacro?\def\PieceBlack;{\Piece{black}{gray}}
- /HLMacro?\def\PieceWhite;{\Piece{white}{gray}}
-
- /HLMacro?\def\CheckboardHook;{}
-
- \newarray\Checkboard
-
- /HLMacro?\def\ShowCheckboard;{%
- \dataheight=8
- \pspicture(8,8)
- \psgrid[subgriddiv=0,gridlabels=0](8,8)
- \CheckboardHook
- \multido{\iColumn=1+1,\iColumnPos=0+1}{8}{%
- \multido{\iRow=1+1,\iRowPos=7+-1}{8}{%
- \checkCheckboard(\iRow,\iColumn)%
- \ifx\cachedata\Black
- \rput(\iColumnPos.5,\iRowPos.5){\PieceBlack}
- \else
- \ifx\cachedata\White
- \rput(\iColumnPos.5,\iRowPos.5){\PieceWhite}
- \fi
- \fi}}
- \endpspicture}
-
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Checkboard;}{%
- W& &B& & & & &B&%
- &W&B& & & & &B&%
- W&W&B& &W& & &B&%
- W&W&B&W&W&W&B&B&%
- B& &W&W&W&B&W&B&%
- B&B&W&W&W&B&W&B&%
- B&B&B&W&W&W&W&B&%
- W&B&B&B&B&B&B&B&%
- }
-
- \psset{unit=0.6}
- \ShowCheckboard
-
- \Checkboard(2,1)={B} % /HLComment?Black move;
- /HLMacro?\def\CheckboardHook;{%
- \psframe[linestyle=none,fillstyle=hlines](0,6)(1,7)}
- % /HLComment?White pieces changed by the black move;
- \Checkboard(3,1)={B}\Checkboard(4,1)={B}
- \Checkboard(2,2)={B}\Checkboard(3,2)={B}
- \vspace{1cm}
- \ShowCheckboard
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-\else
- \PSTricksExampleNotShown
-\fi % End \pstrickstrue
-
- Note also that, if \TeX{} is obviously not well suited to implement a
-program to \emph{really} play at a game like reversi or chess, nevertheless
-it can be used to solve internally some non trivial algorithmic problems,
-where the usage of arrays help a lot. For such example (on the coloration of
-the Truchet's tiling), see \cite{EG98}.
-
-\subsection{Advanced examples}
-
- This section will show slightly more difficult to really complex examples,
-and is mainly for \emph{advanced users} or for people who want to be able to
-program complex tasks themselves.
-
-\subsubsection{Example with recursion usage}
-
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \makeatletter
-
- % /HLComment?The recursion macro used (from David Carlisle);
- /HLMacro?\def\Recursion;#1{%
- #1\relax
- \expandafter\@firstoftwo
- \else
- \expandafter\@secondoftwo
- \fi}
-
- \newcount\IndexRecursion
- \IndexRecursion=\z@
-
- /HLMacro?\def\PiFrac;#1{{%
- \Recursion
- {\ifnum#1>\@ne\relax}
- {\@tempcnta=#1
- \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne
- \advance\IndexRecursion\@ne
- \PiValues(\IndexRecursion)
- +\frac{\strut\displaystyle 1}{\strut\displaystyle\PiFrac{\@tempcnta}}}
- {\advance\IndexRecursion\@ne
- \PiValues(\IndexRecursion)}}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \newarray\PiValues
- \readarray{/HLReverse?PiValues;}{3&7&15&1&292&1&1&1&2&1&3&1&14}
-
- \(\pi\approx\PiFrac{/HLReverse?4;}\approx\PiFrac{/HLReverse?13;}\)
-
- \textbf{\(\pi\) as a continued fraction}
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\subsubsection{Structured dynamic diagrams on a grid}
-
- A very common case is when we must use some strutured data which are to be
-drawn on a kind of abstract grid.
-
-\ifpstricks % If PSTricks is available
- To draw a diagram like this one (such example illustrate the exchanges of
-data between processors when using applications on multiprocessors computers
-in parallel programming):
-
-\vspace{2mm}
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=5.8cm]
- \psset{linestyle=none,fillstyle=solid,subgriddiv=0,gridlabels=0}
- \begin{pspicture}(-1,0)(4,4)
- % /HLComment?Line 0;
- \psframe[fillcolor=Khaki](0,3.1)(1,3.9)
- \psframe[fillcolor=LemonChiffon](1,3.1)(4,3.9)
- \rput(0,3.1){\psgrid[yunit=0.8](4,1)}
- \rput(-0.5,3.5){P0}
- \rput(0.5,3.5){A0}
- % /HLComment?Line 1;
- \psframe[fillcolor=Khaki](0,2.1)(2,2.9)
- \psframe[fillcolor=LemonChiffon](2,2.1)(4,2.9)
- \rput(0,2.1){\psgrid[yunit=0.8](4,1)}
- \rput(-0.5,2.5){P1}
- \rput(0.5,2.5){A0}\rput(1.5,2.5){A1}
- % /HLComment?Line 2;
- \psframe[fillcolor=Khaki](0,1.1)(3,1.9)
- \psframe[fillcolor=LemonChiffon](3,1.1)(4,1.9)
- \rput(0,1.1){\psgrid[yunit=0.8](4,1)}
- \rput(-0.5,1.5){P2}
- \rput(0.5,1.5){A0}\rput(1.5,1.5){A1}\rput(2.5,1.5){A2}
- % /HLComment?Line 3;
- \psframe[fillcolor=Khaki](0,0.1)(4,0.9)
- \rput(0,0.1){\psgrid[yunit=0.8](4,1)}
- \rput(-0.5,0.5){P3}
- \rput(0.5,0.5){A0}\rput(1.5,0.5){A1}
- \rput(2.5,0.5){A2}\rput(3.5,0.5){A3}
- \end{pspicture}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\vspace{2mm}
-\noindent is easy but rather painful, as we must manage a lot of coordinates.
-Nevertheless, even if we introduce a little more abstraction level using some
-minor programming with a loop structure:
-\vspace{2mm}
-
-
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=5.8cm]
- \psset{linestyle=none,fillstyle=solid,subgriddiv=0,gridlabels=0}
- \begin{pspicture}(-1,0)(4,4)
- \multido{\iLoop=1+1,\iRow=0+1,\iRowPos=3+-1}{4}{%
- \psframe[fillcolor=Khaki](0,\iRowPos.1)(\iLoop,\iRowPos.9)
- \psframe[fillcolor=LemonChiffon]
- (\iLoop,\iRowPos.1)(4,\iRowPos.9)
- \rput(0,\iRowPos.1){\psgrid[yunit=0.8](4,1)}
- \rput(-0.5,\iRowPos.5){P\iRow}
- \multido{\iColumn=0+1,\iLabel=1+1}{\iLoop}{%
- \rput(\iColumn.5,\iRowPos.5){A\iColumn}}}
- \end{pspicture}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\vspace{2mm}
-\noindent we succeed to heavily reduce the number of lines of the code in this
-specific case, but we gain nothing in genericity. If we have several such
-diagrams to draw, with each that must be done differently according to the
-empty and full cells of the array, we must proceed in a completely different
-way, defining a \emph{generic object} which can obtain the different values of
-a data structure previously filled. For such tasks, the \ArrayJobPackage{}
-package allow to build very efficient and powerful tools.
-
-\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=/?;]
- % /HLComment?The grid;
- /HLMacro?\def\ArrayGrid;#1#2#3{{%
- % /HLComment?#1=array of data, #2=number of rows, #3=number of columns;
- \psset{dimen=middle,xunit=0.8}
- \dataheight=#3
- \pspicture(-1,-#2)(#3,0)
- \multido{\iRow=1+1,\iRowMinusOne=0+1}{#2}{%
- \rput(-1,-\iRow){\LineGrid{#1}{\iRow}{\iRowMinusOne}{#3}}}
- \endpspicture}}
-
- % /HLComment?One line of the grid;
- /HLMacro?\def\LineGrid;#1#2#3#4{%
- \rput(0.5,0.4){\AttributeLabel{P#3}}
- \multido{\iColumn=1+1}{#4}{%
- \expandafter\csname check#1\endcsname(#2,\iColumn)%
- \rput(\iColumn,0){%
- \ifemptydata
- \def\ColorBackground{\ColorBackgroundEmpty}%
- \else
- \ifx\cachedata\space
- \def\ColorBackground{\ColorBackgroundEmpty}%
- \else
- \def\ColorBackground{\ColorBackgroundFull}%
- \fi
- \fi
- \psframe[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=\ColorBackground](1,0.8)
- \rput(0.5,0.4){\AttributeElement{\cachedata}}}}}
-\end{Verbatim}
-
-% The grid
-\def\ArrayGrid#1#2#3{{%
-% #1=array of data, #2=number of rows, #3=number of columns
-\psset{dimen=middle,xunit=0.8}
-\dataheight=#3
-\pspicture(-1,-#2)(#3,0)
-\multido{\iRow=1+1,\iRowMinusOne=0+1}{#2}{%
- \rput(-1,-\iRow){\LineGrid{#1}{\iRow}{\iRowMinusOne}{#3}}}
-\endpspicture}}
-
-% One line of the grid
-\def\LineGrid#1#2#3#4{%
-\rput(0.3,0.4){\AttributeLabel{P#3}}
-\multido{\iColumn=1+1}{#4}{%
- \expandafter\csname check#1\endcsname(#2,\iColumn)%
- \rput(\iColumn,0){%
- \ifemptydata
- \def\ColorBackground{\ColorBackgroundEmpty}%
- \else
- \ifx\cachedata\space
- \def\ColorBackground{\ColorBackgroundEmpty}%
- \else
- \def\ColorBackground{\ColorBackgroundFull}%
- \fi
- \fi
- \psframe[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=\ColorBackground](1,0.8)
- \rput(0.5,0.4){\AttributeElement{\cachedata}}}}}
-
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm]
- % /HLComment?Default attributes;
- \def\ColorBackgroundEmpty{LemonChiffon}
- \def\ColorBackgroundFull{Khaki}
- \def\AttributeElement#1{\textcolor{red}{#1}}
- \def\AttributeLabel#1{\bf #1}
-
- % /HLComment?Example 1;
- \newarray\ArrayA
-
- % /HLComment?Data;
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayA;}{%
- A0& & & &%
- A0&A1& & &%
- A0&A1&A2& &%
- A0&A1&A2&A3}
-
- \ArrayGrid{ArrayA}{4}{4}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\newarray\ArrayA
-
-% Default attributes
-\def\ColorBackgroundEmpty{LemonChiffon}
-\def\ColorBackgroundFull{Khaki}
-\def\AttributeElement#1{\textcolor{red}{#1}}
-\def\AttributeLabel#1{\bf #1}
-
-\begin{CenterExample}[baselinestretch=0.9]
- % /HLComment?Example 2;
- \newarray\ArrayB
-
- % /HLComment?Data;
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayA;}{%
- A& & & &%
- & & & &%
- & & & &%
- & & & }
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayB;}{%
- A& & & &%
- A& & & &%
- A& & & &%
- A& & & }
-
- \ArrayGrid{ArrayA}{4}{4}\hfill\ArrayGrid{ArrayB}{4}{4}
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\newarray\ArrayB
-
-\begin{CenterExample}[baselinestretch=0.9]
- % /HLComment?Example 3;
- \newarray\ArrayC
-
- % /HLComment?Data;
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayA;}{%
- A0& & &%
- A1& & &%
- A2& & }
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayB;}{%
- A0&A1&A2&%
- A0&A1&A2&%
- A0&A1&A2}
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayC;}{%
- A0& & &%
- &A1& &%
- & &A2}
-
- % /HLComment?Attributes;
- \def\ColorBackgroundEmpty{green}
- \def\ColorBackgroundFull{red}
- \def\AttributeElement#1{\footnotesize\textcolor{white}{#1}}
- \def\AttributeLabel#1{\small\bf #1}
-
- \psset{unit=0.7}
- \ArrayGrid{ArrayA}{3}{3}\hfill\ArrayGrid{ArrayB}{3}{3}\hfill\ArrayGrid{ArrayC}{3}{3}
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\begin{CenterExample}[baselinestretch=0.9]
- % /HLComment?Example 4;
-
- % /HLComment?Data;
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayA;}{%
- A0&A1&A2&A3&%
- B0&B1&B2&B3&%
- C0&C1&C2&C3&%
- D0&D1&D2&D3}
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayB;}{%
- A0&B0&C0&D0&%
- A1&B1&C1&D1&%
- A2&B2&C2&D2&%
- A3&B3&C3&D3}
-
- % /HLComment?Attributes;
- \def\AttributeElement#1{\textcolor{red}{#1}}
- \def\AttributeLabel#1{\Large\it #1}
-
- \ArrayGrid{ArrayA}{4}{4}\hfill\ArrayGrid{ArrayB}{4}{4}
-\end{CenterExample}
-\else
- \PSTricksExampleNotShown
-\fi % End \pstrickstrue
-
-\vspace{5mm}
-\subsubsection{Another example of a structured dynamic diagram on a grid}
-
- The preceding technique is in fact relevant for a lot of problems. Here we
-give another example about the drawing of linked lists (but do not fail to
-note that these ones have here no internal existence).
-
-\ifpstricks % If PSTricks is available
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \makeatletter
-
- \newpsstyle{LinkedListsArrowStyle}{linecolor=red,arrowscale=2} % /HLComment?Default arrow style;
-
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListsDraw;{\@ifnextchar[\LinkedListsDraw@i{\LinkedListsDraw@i[]}}
-
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListsDraw@i;[#1]#2#3{{%
- \setkeys{psset}{#1}
- \dataheight=#3
- %
- \pst@cnta=#3
- \multiply\pst@cnta\tw@
- \advance\pst@cnta\tw@
- \pspicture(0,-#2)(\pst@cnta,0)
- \multido{\iRow=1+1}{#2}{%
- \rput(0,-\iRow){%
- \psframe(1,1)
- \psline[dimen=middle,style=LinkedListsArrowStyle]{->}(0.5,0.5)(2,0.5)}
- \multido{\iColumn=1+1}{#3}{%
- \checkLinkedListsTable(\iRow,\iColumn)%
- \ifemptydata
- \else
- \pst@cnta=\iColumn
- \advance\pst@cnta\@ne
- \pst@cntb=\@ne
- \checkLinkedListsTable(\iRow,\pst@cnta)%
- \ifemptydata % /HLComment?We test if it is empty;
- \else
- \ifnum\multidocount=#3 % /HLComment?We test if it is the last one;
- \else
- \pst@cntb=\z@
- \fi
- \fi
- %
- \pst@cnta=\iColumn
- \multiply\pst@cnta\tw@
- \rput(\the\pst@cnta,-\iRow){%
- \LinkedListsDraw@ii{\LinkedListsTable(\iRow,\iColumn)}{\the\pst@cntb}}
- \fi}}
- \endpspicture}}%}
-
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListsDraw@ii;#1#2{{%
- \rput(0,0.1){%
- \psset{unit=0.8}
- \psgrid[subgriddiv=0,gridlabels=0](2,1) % /HLComment?Element;
- \rput(0.5,0.5){#1} % /HLComment?Label for this element;
- \ifnum#2=\@ne
- \psline(1,0)(2,1) % /HLComment?Mark of the end of the list;
- \else
- \psline[style=LinkedListsArrowStyle]{->}(1.5,0.5)(2.5,0.5) % /HLComment?Link to the next element;
- \fi}}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \newarray\LinkedListsTable
- \readarray{/HLReverse?LinkedListsTable;}{%
- 11&12&13&14&%
- 21&&&&%
- 31&32&33&&}
-
- \LinkedListsDraw{3}{4}
-
- \vspace{1cm}
- \newpsstyle{LinkedListsArrowStyle}{linecolor=green,doubleline=true}
-
- \readarray{/HLReverse?LinkedListsTable;}{%
- a&&&&&%
- A&B&C&D&E&%
- 0&1&2&3&4&%
- +&$\times$&&&&}
-
- \LinkedListsDraw{4}{5}
-\end{CenterExample}
-\else
- \PSTricksExampleNotShown
-\fi % End \pstrickstrue
-
-\subsubsection{Management of heaps and linked lists}
-
- Here we will demonstrate a really more complex usage, but very useful.
-In fact, if the \ArrayJobPackage{} package primarily allow to manage only
-arrays, it allow a lot more with some efforts. Above it, we can implement the
-common internal data structures frequently used in programming, like heaps,
-simple or double linked lists, trees, associative arrays, etc. Here we will
-show how to define macros to build and manage heaps and simple linked lists.
-
-\ifpstricks % If PSTricks is available
-\vspace{1cm} % Poor hack to force a page break...
-\begin{CenterExample}[baselinestretch=0.98]
- \makeatletter
-
- /HLMacro?\def\PstDebug;{\z@} % /HLComment?For debugging, set \def\PstDebug{1};
-
- % /HLComment?Code for heaps management;
- % /HLComment?-------------------------;
-
- /HLMacro?\def\HeapMaxDepth;{100} % /HLComment?No more than 100 elements in the heap;
-
- \newarray\Heap
-
- % /HLComment?Add an element at top of the heap;
- /HLMacro?\def\HeapPush;#1{%
- \multido{\iElem=1+1}{\HeapMaxDepth}{%
- \checkHeap(\iElem)%
- \ifemptydata
- \ifnum\PstDebug=\@ne\typeout{Push Heap(\iElem)=#1}\fi% /HLComment?Debug;
- \Heap(\iElem)={#1}%
- \multidostop
- \fi}}
-
- % /HLComment?Get (in the \cachedata macro) and delete the element at top of the heap;
- /HLMacro?\def\HeapPop;{%
- \Multido{\iElem=\HeapMaxDepth+-1}{\HeapMaxDepth}{%
- \checkHeap(\iElem)%
- \ifemptydata
- \else
- \ifnum\PstDebug=\@ne\typeout{Delete Heap(\iElem)=\cachedata}\fi% /HLComment?Debug;
- \Heap(\iElem)={}%
- \multidostop
- \fi}}
-
- % /HLComment?Print the current state of the heap;
- /HLMacro?\def\HeapPrint;{%
- \checkHeap(\@ne)%
- \ifemptydata
- \typeout{The heap is empty!}% /HLComment?Empty heap;
- \else
- \multido{\iElem=\HeapMaxDepth+-1}{\HeapMaxDepth}{%
- \checkHeap(\iElem)%
- \ifemptydata
- \else
- \typeout{Heap(\iElem)=\cachedata}%
- \fi}
- \fi
- \typeout{}}
-
- % /HLComment?Draw the current state of the heap;
- /HLMacro?\def\HeapDraw;{%
- % /HLComment?To compute the size of the picture;
- \Multido{\iSize=0+1}{\HeapMaxDepth}{%
- \checkHeap(\the\multidocount)%
- \ifemptydata
- \multidostop
- \fi}
- %
- \ifnum\iSize=\z@
- % /HLComment?Empty heap;
- \typeout{The heap is empty!^^J}%
- \else
- \pspicture(1,\iSize)
- \psgrid[subgriddiv=0,gridlabels=0](1,\iSize)
- \multido{\iPos=0+1}{\HeapMaxDepth}{%
- \checkHeap(\the\multidocount)%
- \ifemptydata
- \multidostop
- \else
- \rput(0.5,\iPos.5){\cachedata}
- \fi}
- \endpspicture%
- \fi}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \psset{unit=1.5}\footnotesize
-
- \HeapPush{Germany}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
- \hfill
- \HeapPush{France}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
- \hfill
- \HeapPush{Italy}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
- \hfill
- \HeapPush{Spain}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
- \hfill
- \HeapPop\typeout{Popped element: `\cachedata'}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
- \hfill
- \HeapPop\typeout{Popped element: `\cachedata'}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
- \hfill
- \HeapPop\typeout{Popped element: `\cachedata'}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
- \hfill
- \HeapPop\typeout{Popped element: `\cachedata'}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\begin{Example}[baselinestretch=0.95]
- \makeatletter
-
- /HLMacro?\def\PstDebug;{\z@}% /HLComment?For debugging, set \def\PstDebug{1};
-
- % /HLComment?Code for linked lists management;
- % /HLComment?--------------------------------;
-
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListMaxDepth;{100}% /HLComment?No more than 100 elements in the list;
-
- \newarray\LinkedList
-
- \dataheight=2% /HLComment?Two cells by element: the content and the pointer;
-
- % /HLComment?Add an element at the end of the list;
- % /HLComment?In fact, we define it here as a simple heap, but the difference is that;
- % /HLComment?we will be able to get and to delete any element in it;
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListAdd;#1{%
- \edef\@tempa{\@ne}% /HLComment?Pointer initialization;
- \multido{\iElem=2+1}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% /HLComment?We got the content of this element;
- \ifemptydata
- % /HLComment?No pointed element, so we will insert the new one here;
- \LinkedList(\iElem,1)={#1}%
- % /HLComment?We update the pointer for the last preceding element;
- \expandarrayelementtrue% /HLComment?We must evaluate the content of the counter;
- \LinkedList(\@tempa,2)={\iElem}%
- \expandarrayelementfalse
- \ifnum\PstDebug=\@ne
- \typeout{Add LinkedList(\@tempa)->\iElem}% /HLComment?Debug;
- \typeout{\space\space\space\space LinkedList(\iElem)=#1}% /HLComment?Debug;
- \fi
- \multidostop
- \else
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \fi}}
-
- % /HLComment?Get (in the \cachedata macro) the next element in the list;
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListGetNext;#1{%
- \checkLinkedList(1,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer for the first element;
- \edef\@tempa{\@ne}%
- \ifx\cachedata\empty
- \else
- \edef\@tempc{#1}%
- \Multido{}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \edef\@tempb{\@tempa}%
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)% /HLComment?We got the pointed element;
- \ifx\cachedata\@tempc
- % /HLComment?This is the element for which we want the next one: we got it pointer;
- % /HLComment?to the next element in the list, then the content of it;
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)%
- \ifemptydata
- \typeout{Element `#1' has no successor!^^J}%
- \else
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)%
- \fi
- \multidostop
- \else
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer to the next element;
- \ifemptydata
- % /HLComment?We have reach the end of the list without finding the element;
- \typeout{Element `#1' not found!^^J}%
- \multidostop% /HLComment?No pointed element: end of the list;
- \fi
- \fi}
- \fi}
-
- % /HLComment?Delete an element in the list (the code is very close to \LinkedListGetNext);
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListDelete;#1{%
- \checkLinkedList(1,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer for the first element;
- \edef\@tempa{\@ne}%
- \ifx\cachedata\empty
- \else
- \edef\@tempc{#1}%
- \multido{}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \edef\@tempb{\@tempa}%
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)% /HLComment?We got the pointed element;
- \ifx\cachedata\@tempc
- % /HLComment?This is the element to delete: we will update the pointer of;
- % /HLComment?the preceding element to the value of the pointer of the deleted one;
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)%
- \expandarrayelementtrue
- \LinkedList(\@tempb,2)={\cachedata}%
- \expandarrayelementfalse
- \ifnum\PstDebug=\@ne
- \typeout{Delete LinkedList(\@tempa)=#1}% /HLComment?Debug;
- \typeout{\space\space\space\space\space\space\space %
- LinkedList(\@tempb)->\cachedata}% /HLComment?Debug;
- \fi
- \multidostop
- \else
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer to the next element;
- \ifemptydata
- % /HLComment?We have reach the end of the list without finding the element;
- \typeout{Element `#1' not found and so not deleted!^^J}%
- \multidostop% /HLComment?No pointed element: end of the list;
- \fi
- \fi}
- \fi}
-
- % /HLComment?Print the current state of the list;
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListPrint;{%
- \checkLinkedList(1,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer for the first element;
- \ifx\cachedata\empty
- % /HLComment?Empty list;
- \typeout{The list is empty!}%
- \else
- \multido{}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)% /HLComment?We got the pointed element;
- \typeout{LinkedList=\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer to the next element;
- \ifemptydata
- \multidostop% /HLComment?No pointed element: end of the list;
- \fi}
- \fi
- \typeout{}}
-
- % /HLComment?Draw the current state of the list;
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListDraw;{{%
- \psset{subgriddiv=0,gridlabels=0}
- \checkLinkedList(1,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer for the first element;
- \ifx\cachedata\empty
- % /HLComment?Empty list;
- \typeout{The list is empty!^^J}%
- \else
- % /HLComment?To compute the size of the picture;
- \Multido{\iSize=3+3}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer to the next element;
- \ifemptydata
- \multidostop
- \fi}
- %
- \checkLinkedList(1,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer for the first element;
- \pspicture(\iSize,1.5)
- \multido{\iPos=0+3}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)% /HLComment?We got the pointed element;
- \rput(\iPos,0){%
- \psgrid(2,1)
- \rput(0.5,0.5){\cachedata}
- \ifnum\iPos=\z@
- \else
- \rput(-1.5,0.5){\psline[linecolor=red,arrowscale=2]{->}(1.5,0)}
- \fi}
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer to the next element;
- \ifemptydata
- \rput(\iPos,0){\psline[linecolor=red](1,0)(2,1)} % /HLComment?End of the list;
- \multidostop% /HLComment?No pointed element: end of the list;
- \fi}
- \endpspicture%
- \fi}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \psset{unit=1.5}
-
- \LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListAdd{Germany}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListAdd{France}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListAdd{Italy}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListAdd{Spain}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListGetNext{France}\typeout{Next element after `France' is: `\cachedata'}%
- \LinkedListGetNext{Germany}\typeout{Next element after `Germany is: `\cachedata'}%
- \LinkedListGetNext{Spain}
- \LinkedListGetNext{Unknown}
-
- \LinkedListDelete{Unknown}
-
- \LinkedListDelete{France}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListDelete{Germany}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListDelete{Spain}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListDelete{Italy}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-\end{Example}
-
-\makeatletter
-
-\def\PstDebug{\z@}% For debugging, set \def\PstDebug{1}
-
-\def\LinkedListMaxDepth{100}% No more than 100 elements in the heap
-
-\newarray\LinkedList
-
-\dataheight=2% Two cells by element: the content and the pointer
-
-% Delete an element in the list
-\def\LinkedListDelete#1{%
-\checkLinkedList(1,2)% We got the pointer for the first element
-\edef\@tempa{\@ne}%
-\ifx\cachedata\empty
-\else
- \edef\@tempc{#1}%
- \multido{}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \edef\@tempb{\@tempa}%
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)% We got the pointed element
- \ifx\cachedata\@tempc
- % This is the element to delete: we will update the pointer of
- % the preceding element to the value of the pointer of the deleted one
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)%
- \expandarrayelementtrue
- \LinkedList(\@tempb,2)={\cachedata}%
- \expandarrayelementfalse
- \ifnum\PstDebug=\@ne
- \typeout{Delete LinkedList(\@tempa)=#1}%Debug
- \typeout{\space\space\space\space\space\space\space %
- LinkedList(\@tempb)->\cachedata}%Debug
- \fi
- \multidostop
- \else
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% We got the pointer to the next element
- \ifemptydata
- % We have reach the end of the list without finding the element
- \typeout{Element `#1' not found and so not deleted!^^J}%
- \multidostop% No pointed element: end of the list
- \fi
- \fi}
-\fi}
-
-% Print the current state of the list
-\def\LinkedListPrint{%
-\checkLinkedList(1,2)% We got the pointer for the first element
-\ifx\cachedata\empty
- % Empty list
- \typeout{The list is empty!}%
-\else
- \multido{}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)% We got the pointed element
- \typeout{LinkedList=\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% We got the pointer to the next element
- \ifemptydata
- \multidostop% No pointed element: end of the list
- \fi}
-\fi
-\typeout{}}
-
-% Draw the current state of the list
-\def\LinkedListDraw{{%
-\psset{subgriddiv=0,gridlabels=0}
-\checkLinkedList(1,2)% We got the pointer for the first element
-\ifx\cachedata\empty
- % Empty list
- \typeout{The list is empty!^^J}%
-\else
- % To compute the size of the picture
- \Multido{\iSize=3+3}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,2)% We got the pointer to the next element
- \ifemptydata
- \multidostop
- \fi}
- %
- \checkLinkedList(1,2)% We got the pointer for the first element
- \pspicture(\iSize,1.5)
- \multido{\iPos=0+3}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)% We got the pointed element
- \rput(\iPos,0){%
- \psgrid(2,1)
- \rput(0.5,0.5){\cachedata}
- \ifnum\iPos=\z@
- \else
- \rput(-1.5,0.5){\psline[linecolor=red,arrowscale=2]{->}(1.5,0)}
- \fi}
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% We got the pointer to the next element
- \ifemptydata
- \rput(\iPos,0){\psline[linecolor=red](1,0)(2,1)} % End of the list
- \multidostop% No pointed element: end of the list
- \fi}
- \endpspicture%
-\fi}}
-
-\makeatother
-
-% We clear the linked list
-\multido{\iElem=1+1}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \checkLinkedList(\iElem,1)%
- \ifemptydata
- \else
- \LinkedList(\iElem,1)={}%
- \LinkedList(\iElem,2)={}%
- \fi}
-
-\vspace{2mm}
- We can write an extended version of the inclusion of an element, where we do
-not still store each element at the end of the list, but insert it at a
-special position. For instance, we can decide to use the list to sort the
-elements, inserting a new one at it sorted position. In the next example, we
-will manage integer numbers in this way (of course, we can do the same thing
-with arbitrary strings, but it would be more difficult to program in \TeX{},
-mainly if we want to be able to use accentuated letters).
-
-\vspace{2mm}
-\begin{Example}
- \makeatletter
-
- % /HLComment?Add an element at the end of the list, linked in it ordered place;
- % /HLComment?(this version work only with contents as numbers);
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListSortedAdd;#1{%
- % /HLComment?Initializations;
- \edef\@tempa{\@ne}%
- \edef\@tempb{\@ne}%
- \edef\@tempc{\z@}%
- %
- \multido{\iElem=2+1}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer of this element;
- \ifemptydata
- % /HLComment?No pointed element, so we will insert the new one here;
- \LinkedList(\iElem,1)={#1}%
- % /HLComment?We update the pointer for the last element;
- \expandarrayelementtrue
- \LinkedList(\@tempb,2)={\iElem}%
- \ifnum\PstDebug=\@ne
- \typeout{Add LinkedList(\@tempb)->\iElem}% /HLComment?Debug;
- \typeout{\space\space\space\space LinkedList(\iElem)=#1}% /HLComment?Debug;
- \fi
- % /HLComment?We update the pointer of the new element to the position;
- % /HLComment?of the next greater one, if it exist;
- \ifnum\@tempc=\z@
- \else
- \LinkedList(\iElem,2)={\@tempc}%
- \ifnum\PstDebug=\@ne
- \typeout{Update LinkedList(\iElem)->\@tempc}% /HLComment?Debug;
- \fi
- \fi
- \expandarrayelementfalse
- \multidostop
- \else
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)%
- \ifnum#1<\cachedata
- \edef\@tempc{\@tempa}% /HLComment?New element less than this one;
- \else
- \edef\@tempb{\@tempa}% /HLComment?New element greater or equal than this one;
- \fi
- \fi}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \LinkedListPrint
-
- \LinkedListSortedAdd{732}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListSortedAdd{487}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListSortedAdd{718}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListSortedAdd{962}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListDelete{487}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListDelete{732}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListDelete{500}
-
- \LinkedListDelete{962}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListDelete{718}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-\end{Example}
-\else
- \PSTricksExampleNotShown
-\fi % End \pstrickstrue
-
-\subsubsection{Associative arrays}
-
- To finish, we will give a complete solution to a classical problem: to count
-the number of occurrences of the various letters in a sentence. For this, we
-will first build some macros to deal with \emph{associative} arrays, as they
-have been popularized by scripting languages like \texttt{AWK} and
-\texttt{Perl}.
-
-\begin{Example}
- \makeatletter
-
- % /HLComment?Internally, we use two "standard" arrays to define one associative array;
- \newarray\AssociativeArray@Names
- \newarray\AssociativeArray@Values
-
- \newcount\AssociativeArrayNbValues
- \AssociativeArrayNbValues=\z@
-
- \newif\ifAssociativeArray@ElementFound
-
- % /HLComment?To store one element;
- /HLMacro?\def\AssociativeArray;(#1)=#2{%
- \expandarrayelementtrue
- \AssociativeArray@ElementFoundfalse
- \edef\@tempa{#1}%
- \Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \ifx\@tempa\cachedata
- % /HLComment?This element already exist: we replace it current value;
- % /HLComment?\checkAssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)% Debug;
- % /HLComment?\typeout{In #1, replace `\cachedata'\space by `#2'}% Debug;
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)={#2}%
- \AssociativeArray@ElementFoundtrue
- \multidostop
- \fi}
- \ifAssociativeArray@ElementFound
- \else
- % /HLComment?New element;
- \advance\AssociativeArrayNbValues\@ne
- \AssociativeArray@Names(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={#1}%
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={#2}%
- \fi}
-
- % /HLComment?To get one element;
- /HLMacro?\def\checkAssociativeArray;(#1){%
- \edef\@tempa{#1}%
- \edef\@tempb{999999}%
- \Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \ifx\@tempa\cachedata
- % /HLComment?We have found it by name;
- \edef\@tempb{\iValue}%
- \multidostop
- \fi}
- % /HLComment?We have now to get it value;
- \checkAssociativeArray@Values(\@tempb)}
-
- % /HLComment?Simple macro to print all the associative array;
- /HLMacro?\def\printAssociativeArray;{%
- \multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \iValue: \BS\texttt{FirstNames(\cachedata)}=`\AssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)'\space}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \let\FirstNames\AssociativeArray
- \let\checkFirstNames\checkAssociativeArray
- \let\printFirstNames\printAssociativeArray
-
- \FirstNames(Crawford)={Joan}
- \FirstNames(Tierney)={Gene}
- \FirstNames(Lake)={Veronika}
-
- \printFirstNames
-
- \checkFirstNames(Lake)
- \verb+\FirstNames(Lake)+=`\cachedata'
-
- \checkFirstNames(Monroe)
- \ifemptydata
- \verb+\FirstNames(Monroe) undefined!+
- \else
- \verb+\FirstNames(Monroe)+=`\cachedata'
- \fi
-\end{Example}
-
-\makeatletter
-
-% Internally, we use two "standard" arrays to define one associative array
-\newarray\AssociativeArray@Names
-\newarray\AssociativeArray@Values
-
-\newcount\AssociativeArrayNbValues
-\AssociativeArrayNbValues=\z@
-
-\newif\ifAssociativeArray@ElementFound
-
-% To store one element
-\def\AssociativeArray(#1)=#2{%
-\expandarrayelementtrue
-\AssociativeArray@ElementFoundfalse
-\edef\@tempa{#1}%
-\Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \ifx\@tempa\cachedata
- % This element already exist: we replace it current value
- % \checkAssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)% debug
- % \typeout{In #1, replace `\cachedata'\space by `#2'}% Debug
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)={#2}%
- \AssociativeArray@ElementFoundtrue
- \multidostop
- \fi}
-\ifAssociativeArray@ElementFound
-\else
- % New element
- \advance\AssociativeArrayNbValues\@ne
- \AssociativeArray@Names(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={#1}%
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={#2}%
-\fi}
-
-% To get one element
-\def\checkAssociativeArray(#1){%
-\edef\@tempa{#1}%
-\edef\@tempb{999999}%
-\Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \ifx\@tempa\cachedata
- % We have found it by name
- \edef\@tempb{\iValue}%
- \multidostop
- \fi}
-% We have now to get it value
-\checkAssociativeArray@Values(\@tempb)}
-
-% Simple macro to print all the associative array
-\def\printAssociativeArray{%
-\multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \iValue: \BS\texttt{FirstNames(\cachedata)}=`\AssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)'}}
-
-\makeatother
-
-\vspace{2mm}
- Now, we can define the macros to read a sentence, to cut it letter by letter,
-to count the occurrences of each of them, and finally to draw a summary plot of
-the results.
-
-\makeatletter % Problem with the \ifpstricks conditional if not set...
-
-\ifpstricks % If PSTricks is available
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \makeatletter
-
- % /HLComment?A \PerChar style macro adapted from Juergen Schlegelmilch;
- % /HLComment?(<schlegel@Informatik.Uni-Rostock.de> - posted on c.t.t. January 27, 1998);
- /HLMacro?\def\PerChar;#1#2{\DoPerChar#1#2\@nil}
-
- /HLMacro?\def\DoPerChar;#1#2#3\@nil{%
- #1#2%
- \edef\@tempa{#3}%
- \ifx\@tempa\empty
- \else
- \DoPerChar#1#3\@nil
- \fi}
-
- % /HLComment?The action to do for each character: we increase the counter;
- % /HLComment?for this character by one;
- /HLMacro?\def\ActionPerChar;#1{% /HLComment?#1=character;
- \checkAssociativeArray(#1)%
- \ifemptydata
- \@tempcnta=\@ne
- \else
- \@tempcnta=\cachedata
- \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
- \fi
- \AssociativeArray(#1)={\the\@tempcnta}}
-
- % /HLComment?To store in an associative array the number of occurrences by characters;
- % /HLComment?(spaces are not counted);
- /HLMacro?\def\StatSentence;#1{% /HLComment?#1=sentence;
- \AssociativeArrayNbValues=\z@
- \PerChar{\ActionPerChar}{#1}}
-
- % /HLComment?To draw a plot of the number of occurrences of the characters of a sentence;
- /HLMacro?\def\DrawOccurrences;#1{% /HLComment?#1=sentence;
- \StatSentence{#1}
- %
- \pst@cnta=\AssociativeArrayNbValues
- \advance\pst@cnta\@ne
- %
- % /HLComment?To know the maximum of the numbers;
- \pst@cntb=\z@
- \Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)%
- \ifnum\cachedata>\pst@cntb
- \pst@cntb=\cachedata
- \fi}
- \advance\pst@cntb\@ne
- %
- % /HLComment?The drawing itself;
- \pspicture(-0.5,-0.5)(\pst@cnta,\pst@cntb)
- \psaxes[axesstyle=frame,labels=y](\pst@cnta,\pst@cntb)
- \multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \Draw@OneOccurrence{\iValue}}
- \endpspicture}
-
- % /HLComment?To draw the value for one occurrence;
- /HLMacro?\def\Draw@OneOccurrence;#1{% /HLComment?#1=Letter;
- \checkAssociativeArray@Values(#1)%
- \psdot(#1,\cachedata)
- \rput[B](\iValue,-0.5){\AssociativeArray@Names(#1)}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \let\Names\AssociativeArray
- \let\checkNames\checkAssociativeArray
-
- \psset{dotstyle=o,dotsize=0.4}
-
- \DrawOccurrences{We are Wednesday}
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\makeatletter
-
-%% A \PerChar style macro adapted from Juergen Schlegelmilch
-%% (<schlegel@Informatik.Uni-Rostock.de> - posted on c.t.t. Jan. 27, 1998)
-\def\PerChar#1#2{\DoPerChar#1#2\@nil}
-
-\def\DoPerChar#1#2#3\@nil{%
-#1#2%
-\edef\@tempa{#3}%
-\ifx\@tempa\empty
-\else
- \DoPerChar#1#3\@nil
-\fi}
-
-% The action to do for each character: we increase the counter
-% for this character by one
-\def\ActionPerChar#1{% #1=character
-\checkAssociativeArray(#1)%
-\ifemptydata
- \@tempcnta=\@ne
-\else
- \@tempcnta=\cachedata
- \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
-\fi
-\AssociativeArray(#1)={\the\@tempcnta}}
-
-% To store in an associative array the number of occurrences by characters
-% (spaces are not counted)
-\def\StatSentence#1{% #1=sentence
-\AssociativeArrayNbValues=\z@
-\PerChar{\ActionPerChar}{#1}}
-
-% To draw a plot of the number of occurrences of the characters of a sentence
-\def\DrawOccurrences#1{%
-\StatSentence{#1}
-%
-\pst@cnta=\AssociativeArrayNbValues
-\advance\pst@cnta\@ne
-%
-% To know the maximum of the numbers
-\pst@cntb=\z@
-\Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)%
- \ifnum\cachedata>\pst@cntb
- \pst@cntb=\cachedata
- \fi}
-\advance\pst@cntb\@ne
-%
-% The drawing itself
-\pspicture(-0.5,-0.5)(\pst@cnta,\pst@cntb)
- \psaxes[axesstyle=frame,labels=y](\pst@cnta,\pst@cntb)
- \multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \Draw@OneOccurrence{\iValue}}
-\endpspicture}
-
-% To draw the value for one occurrence
-\def\Draw@OneOccurrence#1{%
-\checkAssociativeArray@Values(#1)%
-\psdot(#1,\cachedata)
-\rput[B](\iValue,-0.5){\AssociativeArray@Names(#1)}}
-
-\let\Names\AssociativeArray
-\let\checkNames\checkAssociativeArray
-
-\psset{dotstyle=o,dotsize=0.4}
-
-\makeatother
-
-\vspace{8mm} % Poor hack to force a page break...
- We will now write another version, using another array to store indexes,
-to allow us to sort the letters found in the sentence read.
-
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \makeatletter
-
- % /HLComment?To get in #2 the ASCII code of the #1 character;
- /HLMacro?\def\Character@AsciiCode;#1#2{\chardef#2=`#1\relax}
-
- % /HLComment?A new "standard" array to store the sorted indexes;
- \newarray\AssociativeArray@Indexes
-
- % /HLComment?A simple macro to print the array of indexes (for debugging);
- /HLMacro?\def\PrintIndexes;{%
- \multido{\iIndexes=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Indexes(\iIndexes)%
- \BS\texttt{indexes(\iIndexes)}=`\cachedata'\space}}
-
- % /HLComment?We redefine the macro to store an element in the associative array,;
- % /HLComment?to allow to sort it elements, using an additional array of indexes;
- /HLMacro?\def\AssociativeArray;(#1)=#2{%
- \expandarrayelementtrue
- \AssociativeArray@ElementFoundfalse
- \edef\@tempa{#1}%
- \edef\@tempb{#2}%
- \Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \ifx\@tempa\cachedata
- % /HLComment?This element already exist: we replace it current value;
- % /HLComment?\checkAssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)% Debug;
- % /HLComment?\typeout{In #1, replace `\cachedata'\space by `#2'}% Debug;
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)={\@tempb}%
- \AssociativeArray@ElementFoundtrue
- \multidostop
- \fi}
- \ifAssociativeArray@ElementFound
- \else
- % /HLComment?New element: we must insert it at it sorted position;
- \@tempcnta=\@ne
- \expandafter\Character@AsciiCode\@tempa\@tempx
- \Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \expandafter\Character@AsciiCode\cachedata\@tempy
- \ifnum\@tempx<\@tempy
- % /HLComment?The new element must be before this one: we will exchange their values;
- \checkAssociativeArray@Indexes(\iValue)%
- \@tempcntb=\cachedata
- \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
- \AssociativeArray@Indexes(\iValue)={\the\@tempcntb}%
- \else
- \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
- \fi}
- %
- \advance\AssociativeArrayNbValues\@ne
- \AssociativeArray@Names(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={\@tempa}%
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={\@tempb}%
- \AssociativeArray@Indexes(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={\the\@tempcnta}%
- \fi}
-
- % /HLComment?We change the way we draw each number of occurrences;
- /HLMacro?\def\Draw@OneOccurrence;#1{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Indexes(#1)%
- \pst@cnta=\cachedata
- \checkAssociativeArray@Values(#1)%
- \psdot(\the\pst@cnta,\cachedata)
- \rput[B](\the\pst@cnta,-0.5){\AssociativeArray@Names(#1)}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \DrawOccurrences{We are Wednesday}
-
- \PrintIndexes
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\makeatletter
-
-% To get in #2 the ASCII code of the #1 character
-\def\Character@AsciiCode#1#2{\chardef#2=`#1\relax}%
-
-% A new "standard" array to store the sorted indexes
-\newarray\AssociativeArray@Indexes
-
-% We redefine the macro to store an element in the associative array,
-% to allow to sort it elements, using an additional array of indexes
-\def\AssociativeArray(#1)=#2{%
-\expandarrayelementtrue
-\AssociativeArray@ElementFoundfalse
-\edef\@tempa{#1}%
-\edef\@tempb{#2}%
-\Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \ifx\@tempa\cachedata
- % This element already exist: we replace it current value
- % \checkAssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)% Debug
- % \typeout{In #1, replace `\cachedata'\space by `#2'}% Debug
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)={\@tempb}%
- \AssociativeArray@ElementFoundtrue
- \multidostop
- \fi}
-\ifAssociativeArray@ElementFound
-\else
- % New element: we must insert it at it sorted position
- \@tempcnta=\@ne
- \expandafter\Character@AsciiCode\@tempa\@tempx
- \Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \expandafter\Character@AsciiCode\cachedata\@tempy
- \ifnum\@tempx<\@tempy
- % The new element must be before this one: we will exchange their values
- \checkAssociativeArray@Indexes(\iValue)%
- \@tempcntb=\cachedata
- \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
- \AssociativeArray@Indexes(\iValue)={\the\@tempcntb}%
- \else
- \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
- \fi}
- %
- \advance\AssociativeArrayNbValues\@ne
- \AssociativeArray@Names(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={\@tempa}%
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={\@tempb}%
- \AssociativeArray@Indexes(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={\the\@tempcnta}%
-\fi}
-
-% We change the way we draw each number of occurrences
-\def\Draw@OneOccurrence#1{%
-\checkAssociativeArray@Indexes(#1)%
-\pst@cnta=\cachedata
-\checkAssociativeArray@Values(#1)%
-\psdot(\the\pst@cnta,\cachedata)
-\rput[B](\the\pst@cnta,-0.5){\AssociativeArray@Names(#1)}}
-
-\makeatother
-
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \DrawOccurrences{Tuesday 8 February}
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\noindent Now, we can easily redefine the internal macro which plot each
-occurrence, to obtain various kinds of graphics:
-
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \makeatletter
-
- /HLMacro?\def\Draw@OneOccurrence;#1{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Indexes(#1)%
- \pst@cnta=\cachedata
- \checkAssociativeArray@Values(#1)
- \psline[linestyle=dotted](\the\pst@cnta,0)(\the\pst@cnta,\cachedata)
- \psdot(\the\pst@cnta,\cachedata)
- \rput[B](\the\pst@cnta,-0.5){\AssociativeArray@Names(#1)}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \psset{xunit=0.5,dotstyle=*,dotsize=0.3}
- \DrawOccurrences{I do not believe that it can be correct}
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \makeatletter
-
- \SpecialCoor
-
- /HLMacro?\def\Draw@OneOccurrence;#1{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Indexes(#1)%
- \pst@cnta=\cachedata
- \checkAssociativeArray@Values(#1)%
- \pspolygon*[linecolor=red](! \the\pst@cnta\space 0.3 sub 0)
- (! \the\pst@cnta\space 0.3 sub \cachedata)
- (! \the\pst@cnta\space 0.3 add \cachedata)
- (! \the\pst@cnta\space 0.3 add 0)
- \rput[B](\the\pst@cnta,-0.5){\AssociativeArray@Names(#1)}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \psset{xunit=0.5,ticks=y}
- \DrawOccurrences{I don't know a better solution than this one}
-\end{CenterExample}
-\else
- \PSTricksExampleNotShown
-\fi % End \pstrickstrue
-
-\section{Thanks}
-
- I would like to thank Rolf Niepraschk \verb+<niepraschk@ptb.de>+ to have
-carefully read a preliminary version of this document and to have sent me
-several good advices to clarify and improve some points.
-
-\begin{thebibliography}{9}
- \bibitem{SVB93} Stephan von \textsc{Bechtolsheim}, \emph{\TeX{} in
- Practice}, four volumes, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1993 (see also
- \url{CTAN: macros/tip/arraymac.tip}).
- \bibitem{REPEAT} \RepeatPackage, by Victor \textsc{Eijkhout}, University of
- Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA, \url{CTAN: macros/generic/eijkhout/repeat}
- \bibitem{EG98} Philippe \textsc{Esperet} and Denis \textsc{Girou},
- \emph{Coloriage du pavage dit de Truchet}, Cahiers GUTenberg, Number~31,
- December 98, pages 5-18, in french (see
- \url{http://www.gutenberg.eu.org/pub/GUTenberg/publicationsPS/31-girou.ps.gz}).
- \bibitem{ALDRATEX} \AlDraTeXPackage, by Eitan M. \textsc{Gurari}, Ohio State
- University, Columbus, USA, \url{CTAN: graphics/dratex} (see also
- \url{http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/systems.html}).
- \bibitem{Gur94} Eitan M. \textsc{Gurari}, \emph{\TeX{} and \LaTeX: Drawing
- and Literate Programming}, McGraw-Hill, New-York, 1994.
- \bibitem{METAPOST} \MetaPostPackage, by John D. \textsc{Hobby}, AT\&T Bell
- Laboratories, USA, \url{CTAN: graphics/metapost} (see also
- \url{http://cm.bell-labs.com/who/hobby/MetaPost.html}).
- \bibitem{FORMLETT} \FormLettPackage, by Zhuhan \textsc{Jiang}, University of
- New England, Armidale, Australia, \url{CTAN: macros/generic/formlett.sty} (see
- also \url{http://maths.une.edu.au/~zhuhan/util.html#computer}).
- \bibitem{MULTIDO} \MultiDoPackage, by Timothy van \textsc{Zandt}, INSEAD,
- Fontainebleau, France, \url{CTAN: macros/generic/multido}
- \bibitem{PSTRICKS} \PSTricksPackage, by Timothy van \textsc{Zandt}, INSEAD,
- Fontainebleau, France, \url{CTAN: graphics/pstricks} (see also
- \url{http://www.tug.org/applications/PSTricks}).
-\end{thebibliography}
-
-\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjobx.pdf b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjobx.pdf
deleted file mode 100644
index 25699278ee5..00000000000
--- a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjobx.pdf
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjobx.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjobx.tex
deleted file mode 100644
index 0dbd380f55d..00000000000
--- a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/generic/arrayjobx/arrayjobx.tex
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2096 +0,0 @@
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -*- Mode: Latex -*- %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% arrayjobx.tex --- Documentation of the `arrayjobx' package from Zhuhan Jiang
-%%
-%% Author : Denis GIROU (CNRS/IDRIS - France) <Denis.Girou@idris.fr>
-%% Created the : Fri Jan 7 21:13:20 2000
-%% Last mod. by : Michael Sharpe (UCSD - USA) <msharpe@ucsd.edu>
-%% Last mod. the : Mon May 3 11:18:300 2010
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-\documentclass{article}
-
-\usepackage{arrayjobx} % Arrays management
-\usepackage{fancyvrb} % Fancy verbatims
-\usepackage[width=18cm]{geometry} % Page layout
-\usepackage{graphics} % Graphics LaTeX standard package
-\usepackage{ifthen} % Convenient conditionals in LaTeX
-\usepackage{mflogo} % For the MetaFont and MetaPost logos
-\usepackage{multido} % General loop macro
-\usepackage{url} % URLs convenient typesetting
-
-% For PSTricks examples
-\newif\ifpstricks
-\IfFileExists{pstricks.sty}{%
-\pstrickstrue
-%\usepackage{pstcol} % PSTricks package with `color' interface
-\usepackage{pst-node} % PSTricks nodes package
-\usepackage{pst-plot} % PSTricks plots package
-\usepackage{pst-grad} % PSTricks gradients package
-%\usepackage{pst-key} % PSTricks interface to the `keyval' package
-}{%
-\usepackage{color}
-} % Color LaTeX standard package
-
-% Definition of new colors
-\definecolor{Khaki} {rgb}{0.94,0.90,0.55}
-\definecolor{LemonChiffon}{rgb}{1.,0.98,0.8}
-
-% A unique string for TeX and LaTeX
-\newcommand{\AllTeX}{%
-{\rm(L\kern-.36em\raise.3ex\hbox{\sc a}\kern-.15em)%
-T\kern-.1667em\lower.7ex\hbox{E}\kern-.125emX}}
-
-% Package names
-\newcommand{\AlDraTeXPackage}{\textsf{(Al)Dra\TeX}}
-\newcommand{\ArrayJobPackage}{`\textsf{arrayjobx}'}
-\newcommand{\FormLettPackage}{`\textsf{formlett}'}
-\newcommand{\IfThenPackage}{`\textsf{ifthen}'}
-\newcommand{\MetaFontPackage}{\MF}
-\newcommand{\MetaPostPackage}{\MP}
-\newcommand{\MultiDoPackage}{`\textsf{multido}'}
-\newcommand{\PSTricksPackage}{\textsf{PSTricks}}
-\newcommand{\RepeatPackage}{`\textsf{repeat}'}
-
-% Aligned labels in a description environment
-\newenvironment{Description}[1]{%
-\begin{list}{nothing}{\setlength{\leftmargin}{#1}
-\setlength{\labelwidth}{\leftmargin}\setlength{\labelsep}{1mm}}}
-{\end{list}}
-
-% If PSTricks is not available
-\newcommand{\PSTricksExampleNotShown}{%
-\vspace{2mm}
-\centerline{\fbox{\textbf{Example not shown here because PSTricks is not
- available on this platform.}}}}
-
-% Character to define verbatim strings, with escape characters /?; (from `fancyvrb')
-\DefineShortVerb[commandchars=/?;]{\!}
-
-\VerbatimFootnotes % Allow verbatim material in footnotes (from `fancyvrb')
-
-% Some advices from Rolf Niepraschk
-\newcommand{\BS}{\texttt{\symbol{`\\}}}
-\newcommand{\Macro}[1]{\texttt{\BS#1}}
-\newcommand{\Variable}[1]{\textnormal{\textit{\(\langle\)#1\,\(\rangle\)}}}
-\newcommand{\Parameter}[1]{\texttt{\symbol{`\{}#1\symbol{`\}}}}
-
-% To format TeX macro strings
-\newcommand{\FormatTeXMacro}[1]{\Macro{#1}\hfill :}
-
-\makeatletter
-
-% Example environments
-% (do not use in them the /?; characters, that we will be used as escape characters!)
-
-% For highlighting some verbatim sequences (array names, macro names and comments)
-\def\HLReverse#1{{%
-\setlength{\fboxsep}{1pt}%
-\colorbox{black}{\textcolor{white}{\textbf{#1}}}}}
-\def\HLMacro#1{\BS{}def\HLMacro@i#1\@nil}
-\def\HLMacro@i#1def#2\@nil{{%
-\setlength{\fboxsep}{1pt}%
-\colorbox{black}{\textcolor{white}{\textbf{#2}}}}}
-\def\HLComment#1{\textit{#1}}
-
-\def\Example{\FV@Environment{}{Example}}
-\def\endExample{%
-\end{VerbatimOut}
-\Below@Example{\input{\jobname.tmp}}
-\endgroup}
-
-\def\CenterExample{\FV@Environment{}{Example}}
-\def\endCenterExample{%
-\end{VerbatimOut}%
-\begin{center}
-\Below@Example{\input{\jobname.tmp}}
-\end{center}
-\endgroup}
-
-\def\SideBySideExample{\FV@Environment{}{Example}}
-\def\endSideBySideExample{%
-\end{VerbatimOut}%
-\SideBySide@Example{\input{\jobname.tmp}}
-\endgroup}
-
-\def\FVB@Example{%
-\begingroup
-\FV@UseKeyValues
-\parindent=0pt
-\multiply\topsep by 2
-\VerbatimEnvironment
-\begin{VerbatimOut}[codes={\catcode`\Z=12}]{\jobname.tmp}}
-
-\def\Below@Example#1{%
-\VerbatimInput[gobble=0,commentchar=Z,commandchars=/?;,numbersep=3pt,
- frame=single,numbers=left]%
- {\jobname.tmp}
-\catcode`\Z=9\relax%
-% We suppress the effect of the highlighting macros
-\catcode`/=0\relax%
-\catcode`?=1\relax%
-\catcode`;=2\relax%
-\def\HLReverse##1{##1}%
-\def\HLMacro##1{##1}%
-\def\HLComment##1{##1}%
-#1\par}
-
-\def\SideBySide@Example#1{%
-\@tempdimb=\FV@XRightMargin
-\advance\@tempdimb -5mm
-\begin{minipage}[c]{\@tempdimb}
- \fvset{xrightmargin=0pt}
- \catcode`\Z=9\relax%
- % We suppress the effect of the highlighting macros
- \catcode`/=0\relax%
- \catcode`?=1\relax%
- \catcode`;=2\relax%
- \def\HLReverse##1{##1}%
- \def\HLMacro##1{##1}%
- \def\HLComment##1{##1}%
- #1
-\end{minipage}%
-\@tempdimb=\textwidth
-\advance\@tempdimb -\FV@XRightMargin
-\advance\@tempdimb 5mm
-\begin{minipage}[c]{\@tempdimb}
- \VerbatimInput[gobble=0,commentchar=Z,commandchars=/?;,
- numbersep=3pt,frame=single,numbers=left,
- xleftmargin=5mm,xrightmargin=0pt]{\jobname.tmp}
-\end{minipage}}
-
-\makeatother
-
-% Source codes must be indented by 2 spaces
-\fvset{gobble=2,frame=single,numbers=left,numbersep=1mm}
-
-\begin{document}
-
-\title{The \ArrayJobPackage{} package\\Management of arrays in \AllTeX}
-\author{Zhuhan Jiang\\School of Computing and Mathematics\\
- University of Western Sydney\\Sydney\\Australia\\
- {\footnotesize email: zhuhan@scm.uws.edu.au}\\[5mm]
- {\footnotesize (Documentation: Denis Girou%
- \footnote{All errors and misunderstandings are mine.}
- \hspace{1mm}(CNRS/IDRIS -- France) --
- Denis.Girou@idris.fr)}}
-\date{Version 1.04\\May 3, 2010\\
- {\small Documentation revised May 31, 2000, edited lightly May 3, 2010 by Michael Sharpe}}
-
-\maketitle
-
-\begin{abstract}
- This package provides array data structures in \AllTeX, in the meaning of
-the classical procedural programming languages like Fortran, Ada or C, and
-macros to manipulate them. Arrays can be mono or bi-dimensional.
-
- This is useful for applications which require high level programming
-techniques, like algorithmic graphics programmed in \TeX. This version no longer conflicts with some macros in the {\tt amsmath} package. It should be used for all new work.
-\end{abstract}
-
-\tableofcontents
-
-\section{Introduction}
-
- One of the big advantages of the \AllTeX{} system over common interactive
-software for text processing is that it offer, also, a programming language,
-which give, to people who have some knowledge in the algorithmic and
-programming fields, an exceptional flexibility and power.
-
- Nevertheless, \TeX{} is a rather specific programming language, based on
-macro expansion, which implements a lot of unusual constructs but lacks some that are very familiar in the classical procedural languages, as
-\emph{arrays} to store and retrieve arbitrary pieces of data, stored in a
-structured way. The main reason why they were not integrated in \TeX{} was
-perhaps that arrays did not seem very useful in a language focussed on text processing (but
-\MetaFontPackage{}, for instance, does has them). Nevertheless, one of the few
-applications where this is straightforward to use them is to program a mailing
-system, where nearly the same information is to be formatted several times,
-depending of values which can be simply retrieved from an array of data. This
-was the goal of the \FormLettPackage{} package \cite{FORMLETT}, written in
-1993-1995 by Zhuhan Jiang for dealing with mass letters, invoices and similar
-tasks of some duplicative nature. It implemented a small but powerful set of
-macros to manage arrays, which have been extracted to form the present
-\ArrayJobPackage{} package. The arrays can be mono or bi-dimensional%
-\footnote{You can use more than two dimensions, but not in the meaning of the
-classical programming languages (see page \pageref{par:DataHeight})}
-and they are dynamically allocated (so we do not have to declare their
-dimension statically.)%
-\footnote{Stephan von Bechtolsheim \cite[Volume \textsc{III}, paragraph 20.3,
-page 136]{SVB93} also demonstrated such macros for array management in the
-third volume of his huge book, but it was limited to mono-dimensional
-arrays.}.
-
- Array structures are, at the opposite of text management, often very useful
-in graphic programming. This is why the \AlDraTeXPackage{} package from Eitan
-Gurari \cite{ALDRATEX} (see also \cite{Gur94}) integrate such functionality
-(but which is bundled inside this package and could not be extracted easily
-from it), and this is also the case for the \MetaPostPackage{} package
-\cite{METAPOST} (but this one do not use \TeX{} as programming language)%
-\footnote{Another required feature, used in conjunction with the managements
-of arrays, is a generic loop mechanism. \TeX{} offer the \Macro{loop} macro
-and \LaTeX{} the \Macro{whiledo} macro of the \IfThenPackage{} package (and
-also the internal \Macro{@for}, \Macro{@whilenum}, etc. macros), but a more
-high-level structure is to be preferred, as the ones defined too in the
-\AlDraTeXPackage{} or \MetaPostPackage{} packages. We will use in our examples
-the \MultiDoPackage{} package \cite{MULTIDO}, also written by Timothy van
-Zandt, but others are available, like the \RepeatPackage{} package written by
-Victor Eijkhout \cite{REPEAT}.}. This fact explain why most of our examples in
-this documentation will concern the area of \emph{graphic programming} (here
-using the \PSTricksPackage{} package from Timothy van Zandt \cite{PSTRICKS}).
-
-\section{Command reference}
-
-\begin{Description}{4cm}
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{newarray}] Define a new array.
-
- Syntax: !\newarray/Macro?/Variable?ArrayName;;!
-
- Example: !\newarray\Values!
-
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{delarray}] Delete an array.
-
- Syntax: !\delarray/Macro?/Variable?ArrayName;;!
-
- Example: !\delarray\Values!
-
- Remarks:
- \begin{enumerate}
- \item obviously, elements of a deleted array could not be accessed
- later,
- \item take care that the elements of a deleted array are not
- themselves deleted.\newline
- So, \verb+\delarray\Data \newarray\Data \Data(I)+ can produce
- strange behavior. Just avoid reusing deleted arrays.
- \end{enumerate}
-
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{ArrayName}] Store or get the content of the array
- element specified by the index/indices. In the last case, the content is
- inserted at the current point.
-
- Syntax: !/Macro?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I)=/Parameter?/Variable?Content;;! or more
- generally\newline
- \hspace*{1.3cm}!/Macro?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I1,...,In)=/Parameter?/Variable?Content;;!
- to store a value
-
- \hspace{1.3cm}!/Macro?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I)! or more generally
- !/Macro?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I1,...,In)! to retrieve a value
-
- Examples: !\Data(6)={Paul Adams}!
-
- \hspace{1.75cm}!\Values(19)!
-
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{readarray}] Store consecutive values in an array,
- starting from the indice one.
-
- Syntax: !\readarray/Parameter?/Variable?ArrayName;;=/Parameter?/Variable?Content1;&...&/Variable?ContentM;;!
-
- Example: !\readarray{Actors}{Louise Brooks&Marlene Dietrich&Clark Gable}!
-
- Remarks:
- \begin{enumerate}
- \item the values must be separated by the \textbf{\&} character,
- \item take care that the trailing spaces are significant, so the
- previous definition is different from the following one:
-
- !\readarray{Actors}{Louise Brooks & Marlene Dietrich & Clark Gable}!
- \item you can use \AllTeX{} macros inside the values.
- \end{enumerate}
-\end{Description}
-
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm]
- \newarray\Values
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Values;}{A&B&C&D}
- \verb+\Values(3)+ = `\Values(3)'
- \newarray\Actors
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Actors;}{Louise Brooks&Marlene Dietrich&Clark Gable}
- Z\par
- \verb+\Actors(2)+ = `\Actors(2)'
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Actors;}{%
- Louise Brooks & Marlene Dietrich & Clark Gable}
- Z\par
- \verb+\Actors(2)+ = `\Actors(2)'
- \Actors(4)={\textit{\underline{Ida Lupino}}}
- Z\par
- \verb+\Actors(4)+ = `\Actors(4)'
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\vspace{3mm}
-\noindent If you really need to trim the unnecessary left and right spaces, you must
-apply a special action, like this one:
-
-\begin{Example}
- \def\BS{\texttt{\symbol{`\\}}}
-
- \newarray\Strings
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Strings;}{a& b&c c & d dd ddd }
-
- \multido{\iString=1+1}{4}{%
- \checkStrings(\iString)%
- \BS\texttt{Strings(\iString)}=`\cachedata'\qquad}
-
- \makeatletter
-
- % /HLComment?A \TrimSpaces macro adapted from Michael J. Downes <epsmjd@ams.org>;
- % /HLComment?(posted on c.t.t. June 19, 1998);
- % /HLComment?\number`\x reads past one following space (expanding as it goes);
- \long\def\TrimSpaces#1{\expandafter\TrimSpaces@i\number`\^^00#1| |}
- % /HLComment?Remove the "0" produced by \number`\^^00, and " |" at the end.;
- \long\def\TrimSpaces@i 0#1 |{\TrimSpaces@ii\empty#1|}
- % /HLComment?" |" was removed by \TrimSpaces@i, now remove a trailing "||" or "| |";
- \long\def\TrimSpaces@ii #1|#2|{#1}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \multido{\iString=1+1}{4}{%
- \checkStrings(\iString)%
- \BS\texttt{Strings(\iString)}=`\TrimSpaces{\cachedata}'\qquad}
-\end{Example}
-
-\begin{Description}{4cm}
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{check}] Get the content of the array element specified
- by the indice(s) and store the result in the macro !\cachedata!
-
- Syntax: !\check/Variable?ArrayName;(I)! or more generally
- !\check/Variable?ArrayName;(I1,..,In)!
-
- Example: !\checkActors(2)!
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{cachedata}] Macro where the content is stored after
- a !\check! request.
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{ifemptydata}] True if the last \Macro{check} request
- has given an empty result.
-\end{Description}
-
-\newarray\Values
-\readarray{Values}{A&B&C&D}
-
-\newarray\Actors
-\newarray\Dates
-\newarray\Sexes
-\readarray{Actors}{Louise Brooks&%
- Marlene Dietrich&%
- Clark Gable}
-\readarray{Dates}{1906--1985&%
- 1902--1992&%
- 1901--1960}
-\readarray{Sexes}{2&2&1}
-
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm]
- % /HLComment?Plain TeX usage;
- \checkValues(2)%
- \verb+\Values(2)+ = `\cachedata'
- Z\par
- \checkActors(3)%
- \verb+\Actors(3)+ = `\cachedata'
- Z\par
- \checkActors(5)%
- \ifemptydata
- \verb+\Actors(5)+ not defined.
- \fi
- Z\par
- % /HLComment?LaTeX usage;
- \newcommand{\IsEmptyElement}[2]{%
- \ifthenelse{\boolean{emptydata}}{#1}{#2}}
- \checkActors(3)%
- \verb+\Actors(3)+ = \IsEmptyElement{not defined}{`\cachedata'}
- Z\par
- \checkActors(5)%
- \verb+\Actors(5)+ \IsEmptyElement{not defined}{`\cachedata'}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\begin{Description}{4cm}
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{ifnormalindex}] See below (Default: !\normalindexfalse!).
-
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{dataheight}\label{par:DataHeight}] Counter containing
- the number of elements in the first dimension, if arrays are bi-dimensional.
-
- Syntax: !\dataheight=/Variable?Number;!
-
- Remarks:
- \begin{enumerate}
- \item arrays are monodimensional when !\dataheight!~$\leq~1$,
- \item if !\normalindexfalse! (which is the default value), we have:
- $$\hspace{-3cm}\Macro{\Variable{ArrayName}}(I_1,...,I_n)
- = \Macro{\Variable{ArrayName}}(I_n + (I_{n-1}-1) *
- \Macro{dataheight} + \cdots
- + (I_1-1) * \Macro{dataheight}^{n-1})$$
-
- and if !\normalindextrue!, we have:
- $$\hspace{-3cm}\Macro{\Variable{ArrayName}}(I_1,...,I_n)
- = \Macro{\Variable{ArrayName}}(I_1 + (I_2-1) *
- \Macro{dataheight} + \cdots
- + (I_n-1) * \Macro{dataheight}^{n-1})$$
- \end{enumerate}
-\end{Description}
-
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm]
- \newarray\Letters
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Letters;}{A&B&C&D&E&F&G&H&I&J}
- \dataheight=5
-
- Z\begin{tabular}{c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
- Z \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{2} &
- Z \multicolumn{1}{c}{3} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{4} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{5} \\ \cline{2-6}
- Z 1 & A & B & C & D & E \\ \cline{2-6}
- Z 2 & F & G & H & I & J \\ \cline{2-6}
- Z\end{tabular}
- Z\\[2mm]
- % /HLComment?Default is \normalindexfalse;
- \verb+\Letters(1,2)=+`\Letters(1,2)'
- Z\par
- \verb+\Letters(2,1)=+`\Letters(2,1)'
- Z\\[2mm]
- Z\begin{tabular}{c|c|c|}
- Z \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{2} \\ \cline{2-3}
- Z 1 & A & F \\ \cline{2-3}
- Z 2 & B & G \\ \cline{2-3}
- Z 3 & C & H \\ \cline{2-3}
- Z 4 & D & I \\ \cline{2-3}
- Z 5 & E & J \\ \cline{2-3}
- Z\end{tabular}
- Z\\[2mm]
- \normalindextrue
- \verb+\Letters(1,2)=+`\Letters(1,2)'
- Z\par
- \verb+\Letters(2,1)=+`\Letters(2,1)'
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\begin{Description}{4cm}
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{ifexpandarrayelement}] Boolean macro to allow or not
- the element to be evaluated before to be stored in the array (Default:
- !\expandarrayelementfalse!).
-
- Syntax: !\expandarrayelementtrue! or !\expandarrayelementfalse!
-
- Remark: take care to the possible side effects if you store some macros
- as values of some array elements without evaluating them, as they can
- change of content later... (see the following examples).
-\end{Description}
-
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm]
- \newarray\Data
- \newcount\CounterP % /HLComment?Plain TeX usage;
- \CounterP=3
- \newcounter{CounterL} % /HLComment?LaTeX usage;
- \setcounter{CounterL}{3}
- \def\Town{Madrid}
- \Data(1)={\the\CounterP}
- \Data(2)={\the\value{CounterL}}
- \Data(3)={\Town}
-
- \expandarrayelementtrue
- \Data(4)={\the\CounterP}
- \Data(5)={\the\value{CounterL}}
- \Data(6)={\Town}
-
- \CounterP=5
- \setcounter{CounterL}{5}
- \def\Town{Roma}
-
- \multido{\iData=1+1}{6}{%
- \BS\texttt{Data(\iData)}=`\Data(\iData)'\\}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\vspace{3mm}
-\noindent Some other macros exists for mono-dimensional arrays (and only for
-them), but have little additional interest:
-
-\begin{Description}{4cm}
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{arrayx}] Store or get the content of the array element
- specified by the index. In the last case, the content is inserted at the
- current point.\footnote{The macro name \verb|\array| conflicted with macros in {\tt amsmath}, and is changed as of version 1.04. (Modification suggested by Michael Sharpe.)}
-
- Syntax: !\arrayx/Parameter?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I)=/Parameter?/Variable?Content;;!
- to store a value
-
- \hspace{1.3cm}!\arrayx/Parameter?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I)! to retrieve a value
-
- Examples: !\arrayx{Actors}(6)={Joan Crawford}!
-
- \hspace{1.75cm}!\arrayx{Actors}(3)!
-
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{clrarray}] Clear the content of the array element specified.
- A following inquiry on this element will give an empty content.
-
- Syntax: !\clrarray/Parameter?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I)!
-
- Example: !\clrarray{Actors}(2)!
-
- \item[\FormatTeXMacro{testarray}] Get the content of the array element specified
- by the index and store the result in the macro !\temp@macro!%
- \footnote{In \LaTeX, this macro should be used inside a package or between
- the \verb+\makeatletter+ $\cdots$ \verb+\makeatother+ macro pair.}.
-
- Syntax: !\testarray/Parameter?/Variable?ArrayName;;(I)!
-
- Example: !\testarray{Actors}(1)\typeout{Actors(1)=`\temp@macro'}!
-\end{Description}
-
-\section{Examples}
-
-\UndefineShortVerb{\!} % We will use the ! character in the next examples
-
- We will first show some basic and easy examples, before looking at more
-advanced ones to solve some complex problems, which require more knowledge of
-\TeX{} programming techniques.
-
-\subsection{Basic examples}
-
- The immediate thing for which we can use arrays is to store and retrieve
-information:
-
-\vspace{2mm}
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm]
- \newarray\Actors
- \newarray\Dates
- \newarray\Sexes
-
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Actors;}{Louise Brooks&Marlene Dietrich&Clark Gable}
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Dates;}{1906--1985&1902--1992&1901--1960}
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Sexes;}{2&2&1}
-
- \begin{description}
- \item[\Actors(1)] : \Dates(1)
- \item[\Actors(2)] : \Dates(2)
- \item[\Actors(3)] : \Dates(3)
- \end{description}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\vspace{2mm}
- But we can also use a general loop macro, as the one provided by the
-\MultiDoPackage{} package, for more powerful usage and a management
-independent of the number of elements:
-
-\vspace{2mm}
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm]
- \newcommand{\NumberActors}{3}
-
- \begin{description}
- \multido{\iActor=1+1}{\NumberActors}{%
- \item[\Actors(\iActor)] : \Dates(\iActor)}
- \end{description}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\vspace{2mm}
- This allow various usage in the formatting of texts. A common usage is for a
-\emph{mailing} process, when we must compose some similar letters to various
-people (as we said previously, this was the reason for which these macros were
-developed in the \FormLettPackage{} package). Here, the usage of a programming
-language allow a great flexibility, using some conditionals to format the text
-differently or even to insert different pieces of text according to the person:
-
-\newcommand{\NumberActors}{3}
-
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \newcounter{iActor}
-
- \newcommand{\AccordingSexe}[2]{%
- \checkSexes(\the\value{iActor})%
- \ifthenelse{\equal{\cachedata}{1}}{#1}{#2}}
-
- \whiledo{\value{iActor} < \NumberActors}{%
- \stepcounter{iActor}%
- \fbox{%
- \begin{minipage}{0.985\textwidth}
- Dear \AccordingSexe{Mr}{Mrs} \Actors(\the\value{iActor}),
-
- I would like to tell you how I admire the great \AccordingSexe{actor}{actress}
- you are, etc.
- \end{minipage}}\\[5mm]}
-\end{CenterExample}
-
- Nevertheless, people who know a little \TeX{} as a programming language know
-that it behaviour is full of pitfalls... For instance, the following example,
-which format a table according to the content of entries stored in external
-arrays, can't work:
-
-\begin{Verbatim}
- \begin{tabular}{|l|c|}
- \hline
- \multicolumn{1}{|c}{\textbf{Actors}} & \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{\textbf{Dates}} \\ \hline
- \multido{\iActor=1+1}{\NumberActors}{\Actors(\iActor) & \Dates(\iActor) \\ \hline}
- \end{tabular}
-\end{Verbatim}
-
- This is because there is an implicit grouping of each entry in a tabular
-environment and that it do not work with the grouping of the \verb+\multido+
-loop. So, this must be program in a different way, storing all the content of
-the table before really inserting it:
-
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm,baselinestretch=0.9]
- \begin{tabular}{|l|c|}
- \hline
- \multicolumn{1}{|c}{\textbf{Actors}} &
- \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{\textbf{Dates}} \\ \hline
- \let\ListActors\empty
- \begingroup
- \let\Actors\relax
- \let\Dates\relax
- \let\\\relax
- \let\hline\relax
- \multido{\iActor=1+1}{\NumberActors}{%
- \xdef\ListActors{\ListActors
- \Actors(\iActor) & \Dates(\iActor) \\ \hline}}
- \endgroup
- \ListActors
- \end{tabular}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\subsubsection{Plot labels}
-
- A basic usage in graphic programming is to use arrays to retrieve the labels
-to put on a drawing, as here to label the simple plot below. (Note the change from the original documentation. The axis labels used with \verb|\psaxes| must now be numeric, so it is necessary to bypass the automatic axis labeling.)
-\ifpstricks % If PSTricks is available
-\begin{CenterExample}[baselinestretch=0.9]
- \savedata{\Data}[(1,3)(2,1)(3,2)(4,1)(5,1)(6,3),(7,2)(8,1)(9,3)(10,3)(11,1)(12,1)]
-
- \newcommand{\PlotData}[1]{%
- \begin{pspicture}(-0.5,-0.5)(13,4)
- \psaxes[labels=none]{->}(13,4)
- \dataplot[plotstyle=dots,dotstyle=o,dotsize=0.3]{\Data}
- #1\end{pspicture}}
- \PlotData{\psaxes[showorigin=false]{->}(13,4)}
-
- \newarray{\Months}
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Months;}{January&February&March&April&May&June&July&August&September&%
- October&November&December}
- \newarray{\Levels}
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Levels;}{Low&Medium&High}
- %\renewcommand{\pshlabel}[1]{\tiny\Months(#1)}
- \PlotData{\psaxes[labels=y,showorigin=false]{->}(13,4)%
- \multido{\i=1+1}{12}{\rput[B](\i,-12pt){\tiny\Months(\i)}}}
-
- %\renewcommand{\psvlabel}[1]{\small\Levels(#1)}
- \PlotData{\multido{\i=1+1}{12}{\rput[B](\i,-12pt){\tiny\Months(\i)}}%
- \multido{\i=1+1}{3}{\rput[r](-12pt,\i){\small\Levels(\i)}}}
-\end{CenterExample}
-\else
- \PSTricksExampleNotShown
-\fi % End \pstrickstrue
-
-\subsubsection{Checkboard drawing}
-
- Of course, a bi-dimensional array directly allow to store the state of a
-checkboard of one of the numerous ones existing, like the reversi game that
-we will show here (in fact, the only more difficult part to understand in this
-example concern the definition of the elementary piece, but as this is not
-related at all to the usage of \ArrayJobPackage, this point can be forgotten
-by most of the readers).
-
-\ifpstricks % If PSTricks is available
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm,baselinestretch=0.89]
- /HLMacro?\def\Black;{B}
- /HLMacro?\def\White;{W}
-
- /HLMacro?\def\Piece;#1#2{{%
- \psset{unit=0.8}%
- \pspicture(0,-0.1)(1,0.8)
- \pscustom[fillstyle=gradient,gradmidpoint=0,gradangle=90,
- gradbegin=#2,gradend=#1]{%
- \psbezier(0,0.2)(0.1,-0.2)(0.9,-0.2)(1,0.2)
- \psline(1,0.2)(1,0.5)
- \psbezier(1,0.5)(0.9,0.9)(0.1,0.9)(0,0.5)
- \psline(0,0.5)(0,0.2)}
- \psbezier(0,0.5)(0.1,0.1)(0.9,0.1)(1,0.5)
- \endpspicture}}
-
- /HLMacro?\def\PieceBlack;{\Piece{black}{gray}}
- /HLMacro?\def\PieceWhite;{\Piece{white}{gray}}
-
- /HLMacro?\def\CheckboardHook;{}
-
- \newarray\Checkboard
-
- /HLMacro?\def\ShowCheckboard;{%
- \dataheight=8
- \pspicture(8,8)
- \psgrid[subgriddiv=0,gridlabels=0](8,8)
- \CheckboardHook
- \multido{\iColumn=1+1,\iColumnPos=0+1}{8}{%
- \multido{\iRow=1+1,\iRowPos=7+-1}{8}{%
- \checkCheckboard(\iRow,\iColumn)%
- \ifx\cachedata\Black
- \rput(\iColumnPos.5,\iRowPos.5){\PieceBlack}
- \else
- \ifx\cachedata\White
- \rput(\iColumnPos.5,\iRowPos.5){\PieceWhite}
- \fi
- \fi}}
- \endpspicture}
-
- \readarray{/HLReverse?Checkboard;}{%
- W& &B& & & & &B&%
- &W&B& & & & &B&%
- W&W&B& &W& & &B&%
- W&W&B&W&W&W&B&B&%
- B& &W&W&W&B&W&B&%
- B&B&W&W&W&B&W&B&%
- B&B&B&W&W&W&W&B&%
- W&B&B&B&B&B&B&B&%
- }
-
- \psset{unit=0.6}
- \ShowCheckboard
-
- \Checkboard(2,1)={B} % /HLComment?Black move;
- /HLMacro?\def\CheckboardHook;{%
- \psframe[linestyle=none,fillstyle=hlines](0,6)(1,7)}
- % /HLComment?White pieces changed by the black move;
- \Checkboard(3,1)={B}\Checkboard(4,1)={B}
- \Checkboard(2,2)={B}\Checkboard(3,2)={B}
- \vspace{1cm}
- \ShowCheckboard
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-\else
- \PSTricksExampleNotShown
-\fi % End \pstrickstrue
-
- Note also that, if \TeX{} is obviously not well suited to implement a
-program to \emph{really} play at a game like reversi or chess, nevertheless
-it can be used to solve internally some non trivial algorithmic problems,
-where the usage of arrays help a lot. For such example (on the coloration of
-the Truchet's tiling), see \cite{EG98}.
-
-\subsection{Advanced examples}
-
- This section will show slightly more difficult to really complex examples,
-and is mainly for \emph{advanced users} or for people who want to be able to
-program complex tasks themselves.
-
-\subsubsection{Example with recursion usage}
-
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \makeatletter
-
- % /HLComment?The recursion macro used (from David Carlisle);
- /HLMacro?\def\Recursion;#1{%
- #1\relax
- \expandafter\@firstoftwo
- \else
- \expandafter\@secondoftwo
- \fi}
-
- \newcount\IndexRecursion
- \IndexRecursion=\z@
-
- /HLMacro?\def\PiFrac;#1{{%
- \Recursion
- {\ifnum#1>\@ne\relax}
- {\@tempcnta=#1
- \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne
- \advance\IndexRecursion\@ne
- \PiValues(\IndexRecursion)
- +\frac{\strut\displaystyle 1}{\strut\displaystyle\PiFrac{\@tempcnta}}}
- {\advance\IndexRecursion\@ne
- \PiValues(\IndexRecursion)}}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \newarray\PiValues
- \readarray{/HLReverse?PiValues;}{3&7&15&1&292&1&1&1&2&1&3&1&14}
-
- \(\pi\approx\PiFrac{/HLReverse?4;}\approx\PiFrac{/HLReverse?13;}\)
-
- \textbf{\(\pi\) as a continued fraction}
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\subsubsection{Structured dynamic diagrams on a grid}
-
- A very common case is when we must use some strutured data which are to be
-drawn on a kind of abstract grid.
-
-\ifpstricks % If PSTricks is available
- To draw a diagram like this one (such example illustrate the exchanges of
-data between processors when using applications on multiprocessors computers
-in parallel programming):
-
-\vspace{2mm}
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=5.8cm]
- \psset{linestyle=none,fillstyle=solid,subgriddiv=0,gridlabels=0}
- \begin{pspicture}(-1,0)(4,4)
- % /HLComment?Line 0;
- \psframe[fillcolor=Khaki](0,3.1)(1,3.9)
- \psframe[fillcolor=LemonChiffon](1,3.1)(4,3.9)
- \rput(0,3.1){\psgrid[yunit=0.8](4,1)}
- \rput(-0.5,3.5){P0}
- \rput(0.5,3.5){A0}
- % /HLComment?Line 1;
- \psframe[fillcolor=Khaki](0,2.1)(2,2.9)
- \psframe[fillcolor=LemonChiffon](2,2.1)(4,2.9)
- \rput(0,2.1){\psgrid[yunit=0.8](4,1)}
- \rput(-0.5,2.5){P1}
- \rput(0.5,2.5){A0}\rput(1.5,2.5){A1}
- % /HLComment?Line 2;
- \psframe[fillcolor=Khaki](0,1.1)(3,1.9)
- \psframe[fillcolor=LemonChiffon](3,1.1)(4,1.9)
- \rput(0,1.1){\psgrid[yunit=0.8](4,1)}
- \rput(-0.5,1.5){P2}
- \rput(0.5,1.5){A0}\rput(1.5,1.5){A1}\rput(2.5,1.5){A2}
- % /HLComment?Line 3;
- \psframe[fillcolor=Khaki](0,0.1)(4,0.9)
- \rput(0,0.1){\psgrid[yunit=0.8](4,1)}
- \rput(-0.5,0.5){P3}
- \rput(0.5,0.5){A0}\rput(1.5,0.5){A1}
- \rput(2.5,0.5){A2}\rput(3.5,0.5){A3}
- \end{pspicture}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\vspace{2mm}
-\noindent is easy but rather painful, as we must manage a lot of coordinates.
-Nevertheless, even if we introduce a little more abstraction level using some
-minor programming with a loop structure:
-\vspace{2mm}
-
-
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=5.8cm]
- \psset{linestyle=none,fillstyle=solid,subgriddiv=0,gridlabels=0}
- \begin{pspicture}(-1,0)(4,4)
- \multido{\iLoop=1+1,\iRow=0+1,\iRowPos=3+-1}{4}{%
- \psframe[fillcolor=Khaki](0,\iRowPos.1)(\iLoop,\iRowPos.9)
- \psframe[fillcolor=LemonChiffon]
- (\iLoop,\iRowPos.1)(4,\iRowPos.9)
- \rput(0,\iRowPos.1){\psgrid[yunit=0.8](4,1)}
- \rput(-0.5,\iRowPos.5){P\iRow}
- \multido{\iColumn=0+1,\iLabel=1+1}{\iLoop}{%
- \rput(\iColumn.5,\iRowPos.5){A\iColumn}}}
- \end{pspicture}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\vspace{2mm}
-\noindent we succeed to heavily reduce the number of lines of the code in this
-specific case, but we gain nothing in genericity. If we have several such
-diagrams to draw, with each that must be done differently according to the
-empty and full cells of the array, we must proceed in a completely different
-way, defining a \emph{generic object} which can obtain the different values of
-a data structure previously filled. For such tasks, the \ArrayJobPackage{}
-package allow to build very efficient and powerful tools.
-
-\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=/?;]
- % /HLComment?The grid;
- /HLMacro?\def\ArrayGrid;#1#2#3{{%
- % /HLComment?#1=array of data, #2=number of rows, #3=number of columns;
- \psset{dimen=middle,xunit=0.8}
- \dataheight=#3
- \pspicture(-1,-#2)(#3,0)
- \multido{\iRow=1+1,\iRowMinusOne=0+1}{#2}{%
- \rput(-1,-\iRow){\LineGrid{#1}{\iRow}{\iRowMinusOne}{#3}}}
- \endpspicture}}
-
- % /HLComment?One line of the grid;
- /HLMacro?\def\LineGrid;#1#2#3#4{%
- \rput(0.5,0.4){\AttributeLabel{P#3}}
- \multido{\iColumn=1+1}{#4}{%
- \expandafter\csname check#1\endcsname(#2,\iColumn)%
- \rput(\iColumn,0){%
- \ifemptydata
- \def\ColorBackground{\ColorBackgroundEmpty}%
- \else
- \ifx\cachedata\space
- \def\ColorBackground{\ColorBackgroundEmpty}%
- \else
- \def\ColorBackground{\ColorBackgroundFull}%
- \fi
- \fi
- \psframe[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=\ColorBackground](1,0.8)
- \rput(0.5,0.4){\AttributeElement{\cachedata}}}}}
-\end{Verbatim}
-
-% The grid
-\def\ArrayGrid#1#2#3{{%
-% #1=array of data, #2=number of rows, #3=number of columns
-\psset{dimen=middle,xunit=0.8}
-\dataheight=#3
-\pspicture(-1,-#2)(#3,0)
-\multido{\iRow=1+1,\iRowMinusOne=0+1}{#2}{%
- \rput(-1,-\iRow){\LineGrid{#1}{\iRow}{\iRowMinusOne}{#3}}}
-\endpspicture}}
-
-% One line of the grid
-\def\LineGrid#1#2#3#4{%
-\rput(0.3,0.4){\AttributeLabel{P#3}}
-\multido{\iColumn=1+1}{#4}{%
- \expandafter\csname check#1\endcsname(#2,\iColumn)%
- \rput(\iColumn,0){%
- \ifemptydata
- \def\ColorBackground{\ColorBackgroundEmpty}%
- \else
- \ifx\cachedata\space
- \def\ColorBackground{\ColorBackgroundEmpty}%
- \else
- \def\ColorBackground{\ColorBackgroundFull}%
- \fi
- \fi
- \psframe[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=\ColorBackground](1,0.8)
- \rput(0.5,0.4){\AttributeElement{\cachedata}}}}}
-
-\begin{SideBySideExample}[xrightmargin=6cm]
- % /HLComment?Default attributes;
- \def\ColorBackgroundEmpty{LemonChiffon}
- \def\ColorBackgroundFull{Khaki}
- \def\AttributeElement#1{\textcolor{red}{#1}}
- \def\AttributeLabel#1{\bf #1}
-
- % /HLComment?Example 1;
- \newarray\ArrayA
-
- % /HLComment?Data;
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayA;}{%
- A0& & & &%
- A0&A1& & &%
- A0&A1&A2& &%
- A0&A1&A2&A3}
-
- \ArrayGrid{ArrayA}{4}{4}
-\end{SideBySideExample}
-
-\newarray\ArrayA
-
-% Default attributes
-\def\ColorBackgroundEmpty{LemonChiffon}
-\def\ColorBackgroundFull{Khaki}
-\def\AttributeElement#1{\textcolor{red}{#1}}
-\def\AttributeLabel#1{\bf #1}
-
-\begin{CenterExample}[baselinestretch=0.9]
- % /HLComment?Example 2;
- \newarray\ArrayB
-
- % /HLComment?Data;
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayA;}{%
- A& & & &%
- & & & &%
- & & & &%
- & & & }
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayB;}{%
- A& & & &%
- A& & & &%
- A& & & &%
- A& & & }
-
- \ArrayGrid{ArrayA}{4}{4}\hfill\ArrayGrid{ArrayB}{4}{4}
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\newarray\ArrayB
-
-\begin{CenterExample}[baselinestretch=0.9]
- % /HLComment?Example 3;
- \newarray\ArrayC
-
- % /HLComment?Data;
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayA;}{%
- A0& & &%
- A1& & &%
- A2& & }
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayB;}{%
- A0&A1&A2&%
- A0&A1&A2&%
- A0&A1&A2}
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayC;}{%
- A0& & &%
- &A1& &%
- & &A2}
-
- % /HLComment?Attributes;
- \def\ColorBackgroundEmpty{green}
- \def\ColorBackgroundFull{red}
- \def\AttributeElement#1{\footnotesize\textcolor{white}{#1}}
- \def\AttributeLabel#1{\small\bf #1}
-
- \psset{unit=0.7}
- \ArrayGrid{ArrayA}{3}{3}\hfill\ArrayGrid{ArrayB}{3}{3}\hfill\ArrayGrid{ArrayC}{3}{3}
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\begin{CenterExample}[baselinestretch=0.9]
- % /HLComment?Example 4;
-
- % /HLComment?Data;
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayA;}{%
- A0&A1&A2&A3&%
- B0&B1&B2&B3&%
- C0&C1&C2&C3&%
- D0&D1&D2&D3}
- \readarray{/HLReverse?ArrayB;}{%
- A0&B0&C0&D0&%
- A1&B1&C1&D1&%
- A2&B2&C2&D2&%
- A3&B3&C3&D3}
-
- % /HLComment?Attributes;
- \def\AttributeElement#1{\textcolor{red}{#1}}
- \def\AttributeLabel#1{\Large\it #1}
-
- \ArrayGrid{ArrayA}{4}{4}\hfill\ArrayGrid{ArrayB}{4}{4}
-\end{CenterExample}
-\else
- \PSTricksExampleNotShown
-\fi % End \pstrickstrue
-
-\vspace{5mm}
-\subsubsection{Another example of a structured dynamic diagram on a grid}
-
- The preceding technique is in fact relevant for a lot of problems. Here we
-give another example about the drawing of linked lists (but do not fail to
-note that these ones have here no internal existence).
-
-\ifpstricks % If PSTricks is available
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \makeatletter
-
- \newpsstyle{LinkedListsArrowStyle}{linecolor=red,arrowscale=2} % /HLComment?Default arrow style;
-
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListsDraw;{\@ifnextchar[\LinkedListsDraw@i{\LinkedListsDraw@i[]}}
-
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListsDraw@i;[#1]#2#3{{%
- \setkeys{psset}{#1}
- \dataheight=#3
- %
- \pst@cnta=#3
- \multiply\pst@cnta\tw@
- \advance\pst@cnta\tw@
- \pspicture(0,-#2)(\pst@cnta,0)
- \multido{\iRow=1+1}{#2}{%
- \rput(0,-\iRow){%
- \psframe(1,1)
- \psline[dimen=middle,style=LinkedListsArrowStyle]{->}(0.5,0.5)(2,0.5)}
- \multido{\iColumn=1+1}{#3}{%
- \checkLinkedListsTable(\iRow,\iColumn)%
- \ifemptydata
- \else
- \pst@cnta=\iColumn
- \advance\pst@cnta\@ne
- \pst@cntb=\@ne
- \checkLinkedListsTable(\iRow,\pst@cnta)%
- \ifemptydata % /HLComment?We test if it is empty;
- \else
- \ifnum\multidocount=#3 % /HLComment?We test if it is the last one;
- \else
- \pst@cntb=\z@
- \fi
- \fi
- %
- \pst@cnta=\iColumn
- \multiply\pst@cnta\tw@
- \rput(\the\pst@cnta,-\iRow){%
- \LinkedListsDraw@ii{\LinkedListsTable(\iRow,\iColumn)}{\the\pst@cntb}}
- \fi}}
- \endpspicture}}%}
-
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListsDraw@ii;#1#2{{%
- \rput(0,0.1){%
- \psset{unit=0.8}
- \psgrid[subgriddiv=0,gridlabels=0](2,1) % /HLComment?Element;
- \rput(0.5,0.5){#1} % /HLComment?Label for this element;
- \ifnum#2=\@ne
- \psline(1,0)(2,1) % /HLComment?Mark of the end of the list;
- \else
- \psline[style=LinkedListsArrowStyle]{->}(1.5,0.5)(2.5,0.5) % /HLComment?Link to the next element;
- \fi}}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \newarray\LinkedListsTable
- \readarray{/HLReverse?LinkedListsTable;}{%
- 11&12&13&14&%
- 21&&&&%
- 31&32&33&&}
-
- \LinkedListsDraw{3}{4}
-
- \vspace{1cm}
- \newpsstyle{LinkedListsArrowStyle}{linecolor=green,doubleline=true}
-
- \readarray{/HLReverse?LinkedListsTable;}{%
- a&&&&&%
- A&B&C&D&E&%
- 0&1&2&3&4&%
- +&$\times$&&&&}
-
- \LinkedListsDraw{4}{5}
-\end{CenterExample}
-\else
- \PSTricksExampleNotShown
-\fi % End \pstrickstrue
-
-\subsubsection{Management of heaps and linked lists}
-
- Here we will demonstrate a really more complex usage, but very useful.
-In fact, if the \ArrayJobPackage{} package primarily allow to manage only
-arrays, it allow a lot more with some efforts. Above it, we can implement the
-common internal data structures frequently used in programming, like heaps,
-simple or double linked lists, trees, associative arrays, etc. Here we will
-show how to define macros to build and manage heaps and simple linked lists.
-
-\ifpstricks % If PSTricks is available
-\vspace{1cm} % Poor hack to force a page break...
-\begin{CenterExample}[baselinestretch=0.98]
- \makeatletter
-
- /HLMacro?\def\PstDebug;{\z@} % /HLComment?For debugging, set \def\PstDebug{1};
-
- % /HLComment?Code for heaps management;
- % /HLComment?-------------------------;
-
- /HLMacro?\def\HeapMaxDepth;{100} % /HLComment?No more than 100 elements in the heap;
-
- \newarray\Heap
-
- % /HLComment?Add an element at top of the heap;
- /HLMacro?\def\HeapPush;#1{%
- \multido{\iElem=1+1}{\HeapMaxDepth}{%
- \checkHeap(\iElem)%
- \ifemptydata
- \ifnum\PstDebug=\@ne\typeout{Push Heap(\iElem)=#1}\fi% /HLComment?Debug;
- \Heap(\iElem)={#1}%
- \multidostop
- \fi}}
-
- % /HLComment?Get (in the \cachedata macro) and delete the element at top of the heap;
- /HLMacro?\def\HeapPop;{%
- \Multido{\iElem=\HeapMaxDepth+-1}{\HeapMaxDepth}{%
- \checkHeap(\iElem)%
- \ifemptydata
- \else
- \ifnum\PstDebug=\@ne\typeout{Delete Heap(\iElem)=\cachedata}\fi% /HLComment?Debug;
- \Heap(\iElem)={}%
- \multidostop
- \fi}}
-
- % /HLComment?Print the current state of the heap;
- /HLMacro?\def\HeapPrint;{%
- \checkHeap(\@ne)%
- \ifemptydata
- \typeout{The heap is empty!}% /HLComment?Empty heap;
- \else
- \multido{\iElem=\HeapMaxDepth+-1}{\HeapMaxDepth}{%
- \checkHeap(\iElem)%
- \ifemptydata
- \else
- \typeout{Heap(\iElem)=\cachedata}%
- \fi}
- \fi
- \typeout{}}
-
- % /HLComment?Draw the current state of the heap;
- /HLMacro?\def\HeapDraw;{%
- % /HLComment?To compute the size of the picture;
- \Multido{\iSize=0+1}{\HeapMaxDepth}{%
- \checkHeap(\the\multidocount)%
- \ifemptydata
- \multidostop
- \fi}
- %
- \ifnum\iSize=\z@
- % /HLComment?Empty heap;
- \typeout{The heap is empty!^^J}%
- \else
- \pspicture(1,\iSize)
- \psgrid[subgriddiv=0,gridlabels=0](1,\iSize)
- \multido{\iPos=0+1}{\HeapMaxDepth}{%
- \checkHeap(\the\multidocount)%
- \ifemptydata
- \multidostop
- \else
- \rput(0.5,\iPos.5){\cachedata}
- \fi}
- \endpspicture%
- \fi}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \psset{unit=1.5}\footnotesize
-
- \HeapPush{Germany}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
- \hfill
- \HeapPush{France}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
- \hfill
- \HeapPush{Italy}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
- \hfill
- \HeapPush{Spain}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
- \hfill
- \HeapPop\typeout{Popped element: `\cachedata'}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
- \hfill
- \HeapPop\typeout{Popped element: `\cachedata'}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
- \hfill
- \HeapPop\typeout{Popped element: `\cachedata'}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
- \hfill
- \HeapPop\typeout{Popped element: `\cachedata'}\HeapPrint\HeapDraw
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\begin{Example}[baselinestretch=0.95]
- \makeatletter
-
- /HLMacro?\def\PstDebug;{\z@}% /HLComment?For debugging, set \def\PstDebug{1};
-
- % /HLComment?Code for linked lists management;
- % /HLComment?--------------------------------;
-
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListMaxDepth;{100}% /HLComment?No more than 100 elements in the list;
-
- \newarray\LinkedList
-
- \dataheight=2% /HLComment?Two cells by element: the content and the pointer;
-
- % /HLComment?Add an element at the end of the list;
- % /HLComment?In fact, we define it here as a simple heap, but the difference is that;
- % /HLComment?we will be able to get and to delete any element in it;
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListAdd;#1{%
- \edef\@tempa{\@ne}% /HLComment?Pointer initialization;
- \multido{\iElem=2+1}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% /HLComment?We got the content of this element;
- \ifemptydata
- % /HLComment?No pointed element, so we will insert the new one here;
- \LinkedList(\iElem,1)={#1}%
- % /HLComment?We update the pointer for the last preceding element;
- \expandarrayelementtrue% /HLComment?We must evaluate the content of the counter;
- \LinkedList(\@tempa,2)={\iElem}%
- \expandarrayelementfalse
- \ifnum\PstDebug=\@ne
- \typeout{Add LinkedList(\@tempa)->\iElem}% /HLComment?Debug;
- \typeout{\space\space\space\space LinkedList(\iElem)=#1}% /HLComment?Debug;
- \fi
- \multidostop
- \else
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \fi}}
-
- % /HLComment?Get (in the \cachedata macro) the next element in the list;
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListGetNext;#1{%
- \checkLinkedList(1,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer for the first element;
- \edef\@tempa{\@ne}%
- \ifx\cachedata\empty
- \else
- \edef\@tempc{#1}%
- \Multido{}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \edef\@tempb{\@tempa}%
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)% /HLComment?We got the pointed element;
- \ifx\cachedata\@tempc
- % /HLComment?This is the element for which we want the next one: we got it pointer;
- % /HLComment?to the next element in the list, then the content of it;
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)%
- \ifemptydata
- \typeout{Element `#1' has no successor!^^J}%
- \else
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)%
- \fi
- \multidostop
- \else
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer to the next element;
- \ifemptydata
- % /HLComment?We have reach the end of the list without finding the element;
- \typeout{Element `#1' not found!^^J}%
- \multidostop% /HLComment?No pointed element: end of the list;
- \fi
- \fi}
- \fi}
-
- % /HLComment?Delete an element in the list (the code is very close to \LinkedListGetNext);
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListDelete;#1{%
- \checkLinkedList(1,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer for the first element;
- \edef\@tempa{\@ne}%
- \ifx\cachedata\empty
- \else
- \edef\@tempc{#1}%
- \multido{}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \edef\@tempb{\@tempa}%
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)% /HLComment?We got the pointed element;
- \ifx\cachedata\@tempc
- % /HLComment?This is the element to delete: we will update the pointer of;
- % /HLComment?the preceding element to the value of the pointer of the deleted one;
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)%
- \expandarrayelementtrue
- \LinkedList(\@tempb,2)={\cachedata}%
- \expandarrayelementfalse
- \ifnum\PstDebug=\@ne
- \typeout{Delete LinkedList(\@tempa)=#1}% /HLComment?Debug;
- \typeout{\space\space\space\space\space\space\space %
- LinkedList(\@tempb)->\cachedata}% /HLComment?Debug;
- \fi
- \multidostop
- \else
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer to the next element;
- \ifemptydata
- % /HLComment?We have reach the end of the list without finding the element;
- \typeout{Element `#1' not found and so not deleted!^^J}%
- \multidostop% /HLComment?No pointed element: end of the list;
- \fi
- \fi}
- \fi}
-
- % /HLComment?Print the current state of the list;
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListPrint;{%
- \checkLinkedList(1,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer for the first element;
- \ifx\cachedata\empty
- % /HLComment?Empty list;
- \typeout{The list is empty!}%
- \else
- \multido{}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)% /HLComment?We got the pointed element;
- \typeout{LinkedList=\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer to the next element;
- \ifemptydata
- \multidostop% /HLComment?No pointed element: end of the list;
- \fi}
- \fi
- \typeout{}}
-
- % /HLComment?Draw the current state of the list;
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListDraw;{{%
- \psset{subgriddiv=0,gridlabels=0}
- \checkLinkedList(1,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer for the first element;
- \ifx\cachedata\empty
- % /HLComment?Empty list;
- \typeout{The list is empty!^^J}%
- \else
- % /HLComment?To compute the size of the picture;
- \Multido{\iSize=3+3}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer to the next element;
- \ifemptydata
- \multidostop
- \fi}
- %
- \checkLinkedList(1,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer for the first element;
- \pspicture(\iSize,1.5)
- \multido{\iPos=0+3}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)% /HLComment?We got the pointed element;
- \rput(\iPos,0){%
- \psgrid(2,1)
- \rput(0.5,0.5){\cachedata}
- \ifnum\iPos=\z@
- \else
- \rput(-1.5,0.5){\psline[linecolor=red,arrowscale=2]{->}(1.5,0)}
- \fi}
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer to the next element;
- \ifemptydata
- \rput(\iPos,0){\psline[linecolor=red](1,0)(2,1)} % /HLComment?End of the list;
- \multidostop% /HLComment?No pointed element: end of the list;
- \fi}
- \endpspicture%
- \fi}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \psset{unit=1.5}
-
- \LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListAdd{Germany}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListAdd{France}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListAdd{Italy}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListAdd{Spain}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListGetNext{France}\typeout{Next element after `France' is: `\cachedata'}%
- \LinkedListGetNext{Germany}\typeout{Next element after `Germany is: `\cachedata'}%
- \LinkedListGetNext{Spain}
- \LinkedListGetNext{Unknown}
-
- \LinkedListDelete{Unknown}
-
- \LinkedListDelete{France}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListDelete{Germany}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListDelete{Spain}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListDelete{Italy}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-\end{Example}
-
-\makeatletter
-
-\def\PstDebug{\z@}% For debugging, set \def\PstDebug{1}
-
-\def\LinkedListMaxDepth{100}% No more than 100 elements in the heap
-
-\newarray\LinkedList
-
-\dataheight=2% Two cells by element: the content and the pointer
-
-% Delete an element in the list
-\def\LinkedListDelete#1{%
-\checkLinkedList(1,2)% We got the pointer for the first element
-\edef\@tempa{\@ne}%
-\ifx\cachedata\empty
-\else
- \edef\@tempc{#1}%
- \multido{}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \edef\@tempb{\@tempa}%
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)% We got the pointed element
- \ifx\cachedata\@tempc
- % This is the element to delete: we will update the pointer of
- % the preceding element to the value of the pointer of the deleted one
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)%
- \expandarrayelementtrue
- \LinkedList(\@tempb,2)={\cachedata}%
- \expandarrayelementfalse
- \ifnum\PstDebug=\@ne
- \typeout{Delete LinkedList(\@tempa)=#1}%Debug
- \typeout{\space\space\space\space\space\space\space %
- LinkedList(\@tempb)->\cachedata}%Debug
- \fi
- \multidostop
- \else
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% We got the pointer to the next element
- \ifemptydata
- % We have reach the end of the list without finding the element
- \typeout{Element `#1' not found and so not deleted!^^J}%
- \multidostop% No pointed element: end of the list
- \fi
- \fi}
-\fi}
-
-% Print the current state of the list
-\def\LinkedListPrint{%
-\checkLinkedList(1,2)% We got the pointer for the first element
-\ifx\cachedata\empty
- % Empty list
- \typeout{The list is empty!}%
-\else
- \multido{}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)% We got the pointed element
- \typeout{LinkedList=\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% We got the pointer to the next element
- \ifemptydata
- \multidostop% No pointed element: end of the list
- \fi}
-\fi
-\typeout{}}
-
-% Draw the current state of the list
-\def\LinkedListDraw{{%
-\psset{subgriddiv=0,gridlabels=0}
-\checkLinkedList(1,2)% We got the pointer for the first element
-\ifx\cachedata\empty
- % Empty list
- \typeout{The list is empty!^^J}%
-\else
- % To compute the size of the picture
- \Multido{\iSize=3+3}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,2)% We got the pointer to the next element
- \ifemptydata
- \multidostop
- \fi}
- %
- \checkLinkedList(1,2)% We got the pointer for the first element
- \pspicture(\iSize,1.5)
- \multido{\iPos=0+3}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)% We got the pointed element
- \rput(\iPos,0){%
- \psgrid(2,1)
- \rput(0.5,0.5){\cachedata}
- \ifnum\iPos=\z@
- \else
- \rput(-1.5,0.5){\psline[linecolor=red,arrowscale=2]{->}(1.5,0)}
- \fi}
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% We got the pointer to the next element
- \ifemptydata
- \rput(\iPos,0){\psline[linecolor=red](1,0)(2,1)} % End of the list
- \multidostop% No pointed element: end of the list
- \fi}
- \endpspicture%
-\fi}}
-
-\makeatother
-
-% We clear the linked list
-\multido{\iElem=1+1}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \checkLinkedList(\iElem,1)%
- \ifemptydata
- \else
- \LinkedList(\iElem,1)={}%
- \LinkedList(\iElem,2)={}%
- \fi}
-
-\vspace{2mm}
- We can write an extended version of the inclusion of an element, where we do
-not still store each element at the end of the list, but insert it at a
-special position. For instance, we can decide to use the list to sort the
-elements, inserting a new one at it sorted position. In the next example, we
-will manage integer numbers in this way (of course, we can do the same thing
-with arbitrary strings, but it would be more difficult to program in \TeX{},
-mainly if we want to be able to use accentuated letters).
-
-\vspace{2mm}
-\begin{Example}
- \makeatletter
-
- % /HLComment?Add an element at the end of the list, linked in it ordered place;
- % /HLComment?(this version work only with contents as numbers);
- /HLMacro?\def\LinkedListSortedAdd;#1{%
- % /HLComment?Initializations;
- \edef\@tempa{\@ne}%
- \edef\@tempb{\@ne}%
- \edef\@tempc{\z@}%
- %
- \multido{\iElem=2+1}{\LinkedListMaxDepth}{%
- \checkLinkedList(\@tempa,2)% /HLComment?We got the pointer of this element;
- \ifemptydata
- % /HLComment?No pointed element, so we will insert the new one here;
- \LinkedList(\iElem,1)={#1}%
- % /HLComment?We update the pointer for the last element;
- \expandarrayelementtrue
- \LinkedList(\@tempb,2)={\iElem}%
- \ifnum\PstDebug=\@ne
- \typeout{Add LinkedList(\@tempb)->\iElem}% /HLComment?Debug;
- \typeout{\space\space\space\space LinkedList(\iElem)=#1}% /HLComment?Debug;
- \fi
- % /HLComment?We update the pointer of the new element to the position;
- % /HLComment?of the next greater one, if it exist;
- \ifnum\@tempc=\z@
- \else
- \LinkedList(\iElem,2)={\@tempc}%
- \ifnum\PstDebug=\@ne
- \typeout{Update LinkedList(\iElem)->\@tempc}% /HLComment?Debug;
- \fi
- \fi
- \expandarrayelementfalse
- \multidostop
- \else
- \edef\@tempa{\cachedata}%
- \checkLinkedList(\cachedata,1)%
- \ifnum#1<\cachedata
- \edef\@tempc{\@tempa}% /HLComment?New element less than this one;
- \else
- \edef\@tempb{\@tempa}% /HLComment?New element greater or equal than this one;
- \fi
- \fi}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \LinkedListPrint
-
- \LinkedListSortedAdd{732}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListSortedAdd{487}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListSortedAdd{718}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListSortedAdd{962}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListDelete{487}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListDelete{732}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListDelete{500}
-
- \LinkedListDelete{962}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-
- \LinkedListDelete{718}\LinkedListPrint\LinkedListDraw
-\end{Example}
-\else
- \PSTricksExampleNotShown
-\fi % End \pstrickstrue
-
-\subsubsection{Associative arrays}
-
- To finish, we will give a complete solution to a classical problem: to count
-the number of occurrences of the various letters in a sentence. For this, we
-will first build some macros to deal with \emph{associative} arrays, as they
-have been popularized by scripting languages like \texttt{AWK} and
-\texttt{Perl}.
-
-\begin{Example}
- \makeatletter
-
- % /HLComment?Internally, we use two "standard" arrays to define one associative array;
- \newarray\AssociativeArray@Names
- \newarray\AssociativeArray@Values
-
- \newcount\AssociativeArrayNbValues
- \AssociativeArrayNbValues=\z@
-
- \newif\ifAssociativeArray@ElementFound
-
- % /HLComment?To store one element;
- /HLMacro?\def\AssociativeArray;(#1)=#2{%
- \expandarrayelementtrue
- \AssociativeArray@ElementFoundfalse
- \edef\@tempa{#1}%
- \Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \ifx\@tempa\cachedata
- % /HLComment?This element already exist: we replace it current value;
- % /HLComment?\checkAssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)% Debug;
- % /HLComment?\typeout{In #1, replace `\cachedata'\space by `#2'}% Debug;
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)={#2}%
- \AssociativeArray@ElementFoundtrue
- \multidostop
- \fi}
- \ifAssociativeArray@ElementFound
- \else
- % /HLComment?New element;
- \advance\AssociativeArrayNbValues\@ne
- \AssociativeArray@Names(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={#1}%
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={#2}%
- \fi}
-
- % /HLComment?To get one element;
- /HLMacro?\def\checkAssociativeArray;(#1){%
- \edef\@tempa{#1}%
- \edef\@tempb{999999}%
- \Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \ifx\@tempa\cachedata
- % /HLComment?We have found it by name;
- \edef\@tempb{\iValue}%
- \multidostop
- \fi}
- % /HLComment?We have now to get it value;
- \checkAssociativeArray@Values(\@tempb)}
-
- % /HLComment?Simple macro to print all the associative array;
- /HLMacro?\def\printAssociativeArray;{%
- \multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \iValue: \BS\texttt{FirstNames(\cachedata)}=`\AssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)'\space}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \let\FirstNames\AssociativeArray
- \let\checkFirstNames\checkAssociativeArray
- \let\printFirstNames\printAssociativeArray
-
- \FirstNames(Crawford)={Joan}
- \FirstNames(Tierney)={Gene}
- \FirstNames(Lake)={Veronika}
-
- \printFirstNames
-
- \checkFirstNames(Lake)
- \verb+\FirstNames(Lake)+=`\cachedata'
-
- \checkFirstNames(Monroe)
- \ifemptydata
- \verb+\FirstNames(Monroe) undefined!+
- \else
- \verb+\FirstNames(Monroe)+=`\cachedata'
- \fi
-\end{Example}
-
-\makeatletter
-
-% Internally, we use two "standard" arrays to define one associative array
-\newarray\AssociativeArray@Names
-\newarray\AssociativeArray@Values
-
-\newcount\AssociativeArrayNbValues
-\AssociativeArrayNbValues=\z@
-
-\newif\ifAssociativeArray@ElementFound
-
-% To store one element
-\def\AssociativeArray(#1)=#2{%
-\expandarrayelementtrue
-\AssociativeArray@ElementFoundfalse
-\edef\@tempa{#1}%
-\Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \ifx\@tempa\cachedata
- % This element already exist: we replace it current value
- % \checkAssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)% debug
- % \typeout{In #1, replace `\cachedata'\space by `#2'}% Debug
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)={#2}%
- \AssociativeArray@ElementFoundtrue
- \multidostop
- \fi}
-\ifAssociativeArray@ElementFound
-\else
- % New element
- \advance\AssociativeArrayNbValues\@ne
- \AssociativeArray@Names(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={#1}%
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={#2}%
-\fi}
-
-% To get one element
-\def\checkAssociativeArray(#1){%
-\edef\@tempa{#1}%
-\edef\@tempb{999999}%
-\Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \ifx\@tempa\cachedata
- % We have found it by name
- \edef\@tempb{\iValue}%
- \multidostop
- \fi}
-% We have now to get it value
-\checkAssociativeArray@Values(\@tempb)}
-
-% Simple macro to print all the associative array
-\def\printAssociativeArray{%
-\multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \iValue: \BS\texttt{FirstNames(\cachedata)}=`\AssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)'}}
-
-\makeatother
-
-\vspace{2mm}
- Now, we can define the macros to read a sentence, to cut it letter by letter,
-to count the occurrences of each of them, and finally to draw a summary plot of
-the results.
-
-\makeatletter % Problem with the \ifpstricks conditional if not set...
-
-\ifpstricks % If PSTricks is available
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \makeatletter
-
- % /HLComment?A \PerChar style macro adapted from Juergen Schlegelmilch;
- % /HLComment?(<schlegel@Informatik.Uni-Rostock.de> - posted on c.t.t. January 27, 1998);
- /HLMacro?\def\PerChar;#1#2{\DoPerChar#1#2\@nil}
-
- /HLMacro?\def\DoPerChar;#1#2#3\@nil{%
- #1#2%
- \edef\@tempa{#3}%
- \ifx\@tempa\empty
- \else
- \DoPerChar#1#3\@nil
- \fi}
-
- % /HLComment?The action to do for each character: we increase the counter;
- % /HLComment?for this character by one;
- /HLMacro?\def\ActionPerChar;#1{% /HLComment?#1=character;
- \checkAssociativeArray(#1)%
- \ifemptydata
- \@tempcnta=\@ne
- \else
- \@tempcnta=\cachedata
- \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
- \fi
- \AssociativeArray(#1)={\the\@tempcnta}}
-
- % /HLComment?To store in an associative array the number of occurrences by characters;
- % /HLComment?(spaces are not counted);
- /HLMacro?\def\StatSentence;#1{% /HLComment?#1=sentence;
- \AssociativeArrayNbValues=\z@
- \PerChar{\ActionPerChar}{#1}}
-
- % /HLComment?To draw a plot of the number of occurrences of the characters of a sentence;
- /HLMacro?\def\DrawOccurrences;#1{% /HLComment?#1=sentence;
- \StatSentence{#1}
- %
- \pst@cnta=\AssociativeArrayNbValues
- \advance\pst@cnta\@ne
- %
- % /HLComment?To know the maximum of the numbers;
- \pst@cntb=\z@
- \Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)%
- \ifnum\cachedata>\pst@cntb
- \pst@cntb=\cachedata
- \fi}
- \advance\pst@cntb\@ne
- %
- % /HLComment?The drawing itself;
- \pspicture(-0.5,-0.5)(\pst@cnta,\pst@cntb)
- \psaxes[axesstyle=frame,labels=y](\pst@cnta,\pst@cntb)
- \multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \Draw@OneOccurrence{\iValue}}
- \endpspicture}
-
- % /HLComment?To draw the value for one occurrence;
- /HLMacro?\def\Draw@OneOccurrence;#1{% /HLComment?#1=Letter;
- \checkAssociativeArray@Values(#1)%
- \psdot(#1,\cachedata)
- \rput[B](\iValue,-0.5){\AssociativeArray@Names(#1)}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \let\Names\AssociativeArray
- \let\checkNames\checkAssociativeArray
-
- \psset{dotstyle=o,dotsize=0.4}
-
- \DrawOccurrences{We are Wednesday}
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\makeatletter
-
-%% A \PerChar style macro adapted from Juergen Schlegelmilch
-%% (<schlegel@Informatik.Uni-Rostock.de> - posted on c.t.t. Jan. 27, 1998)
-\def\PerChar#1#2{\DoPerChar#1#2\@nil}
-
-\def\DoPerChar#1#2#3\@nil{%
-#1#2%
-\edef\@tempa{#3}%
-\ifx\@tempa\empty
-\else
- \DoPerChar#1#3\@nil
-\fi}
-
-% The action to do for each character: we increase the counter
-% for this character by one
-\def\ActionPerChar#1{% #1=character
-\checkAssociativeArray(#1)%
-\ifemptydata
- \@tempcnta=\@ne
-\else
- \@tempcnta=\cachedata
- \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
-\fi
-\AssociativeArray(#1)={\the\@tempcnta}}
-
-% To store in an associative array the number of occurrences by characters
-% (spaces are not counted)
-\def\StatSentence#1{% #1=sentence
-\AssociativeArrayNbValues=\z@
-\PerChar{\ActionPerChar}{#1}}
-
-% To draw a plot of the number of occurrences of the characters of a sentence
-\def\DrawOccurrences#1{%
-\StatSentence{#1}
-%
-\pst@cnta=\AssociativeArrayNbValues
-\advance\pst@cnta\@ne
-%
-% To know the maximum of the numbers
-\pst@cntb=\z@
-\Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)%
- \ifnum\cachedata>\pst@cntb
- \pst@cntb=\cachedata
- \fi}
-\advance\pst@cntb\@ne
-%
-% The drawing itself
-\pspicture(-0.5,-0.5)(\pst@cnta,\pst@cntb)
- \psaxes[axesstyle=frame,labels=y](\pst@cnta,\pst@cntb)
- \multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \Draw@OneOccurrence{\iValue}}
-\endpspicture}
-
-% To draw the value for one occurrence
-\def\Draw@OneOccurrence#1{%
-\checkAssociativeArray@Values(#1)%
-\psdot(#1,\cachedata)
-\rput[B](\iValue,-0.5){\AssociativeArray@Names(#1)}}
-
-\let\Names\AssociativeArray
-\let\checkNames\checkAssociativeArray
-
-\psset{dotstyle=o,dotsize=0.4}
-
-\makeatother
-
-\vspace{8mm} % Poor hack to force a page break...
- We will now write another version, using another array to store indexes,
-to allow us to sort the letters found in the sentence read.
-
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \makeatletter
-
- % /HLComment?To get in #2 the ASCII code of the #1 character;
- /HLMacro?\def\Character@AsciiCode;#1#2{\chardef#2=`#1\relax}
-
- % /HLComment?A new "standard" array to store the sorted indexes;
- \newarray\AssociativeArray@Indexes
-
- % /HLComment?A simple macro to print the array of indexes (for debugging);
- /HLMacro?\def\PrintIndexes;{%
- \multido{\iIndexes=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Indexes(\iIndexes)%
- \BS\texttt{indexes(\iIndexes)}=`\cachedata'\space}}
-
- % /HLComment?We redefine the macro to store an element in the associative array,;
- % /HLComment?to allow to sort it elements, using an additional array of indexes;
- /HLMacro?\def\AssociativeArray;(#1)=#2{%
- \expandarrayelementtrue
- \AssociativeArray@ElementFoundfalse
- \edef\@tempa{#1}%
- \edef\@tempb{#2}%
- \Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \ifx\@tempa\cachedata
- % /HLComment?This element already exist: we replace it current value;
- % /HLComment?\checkAssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)% Debug;
- % /HLComment?\typeout{In #1, replace `\cachedata'\space by `#2'}% Debug;
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)={\@tempb}%
- \AssociativeArray@ElementFoundtrue
- \multidostop
- \fi}
- \ifAssociativeArray@ElementFound
- \else
- % /HLComment?New element: we must insert it at it sorted position;
- \@tempcnta=\@ne
- \expandafter\Character@AsciiCode\@tempa\@tempx
- \Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \expandafter\Character@AsciiCode\cachedata\@tempy
- \ifnum\@tempx<\@tempy
- % /HLComment?The new element must be before this one: we will exchange their values;
- \checkAssociativeArray@Indexes(\iValue)%
- \@tempcntb=\cachedata
- \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
- \AssociativeArray@Indexes(\iValue)={\the\@tempcntb}%
- \else
- \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
- \fi}
- %
- \advance\AssociativeArrayNbValues\@ne
- \AssociativeArray@Names(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={\@tempa}%
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={\@tempb}%
- \AssociativeArray@Indexes(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={\the\@tempcnta}%
- \fi}
-
- % /HLComment?We change the way we draw each number of occurrences;
- /HLMacro?\def\Draw@OneOccurrence;#1{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Indexes(#1)%
- \pst@cnta=\cachedata
- \checkAssociativeArray@Values(#1)%
- \psdot(\the\pst@cnta,\cachedata)
- \rput[B](\the\pst@cnta,-0.5){\AssociativeArray@Names(#1)}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \DrawOccurrences{We are Wednesday}
-
- \PrintIndexes
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\makeatletter
-
-% To get in #2 the ASCII code of the #1 character
-\def\Character@AsciiCode#1#2{\chardef#2=`#1\relax}%
-
-% A new "standard" array to store the sorted indexes
-\newarray\AssociativeArray@Indexes
-
-% We redefine the macro to store an element in the associative array,
-% to allow to sort it elements, using an additional array of indexes
-\def\AssociativeArray(#1)=#2{%
-\expandarrayelementtrue
-\AssociativeArray@ElementFoundfalse
-\edef\@tempa{#1}%
-\edef\@tempb{#2}%
-\Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \ifx\@tempa\cachedata
- % This element already exist: we replace it current value
- % \checkAssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)% Debug
- % \typeout{In #1, replace `\cachedata'\space by `#2'}% Debug
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\iValue)={\@tempb}%
- \AssociativeArray@ElementFoundtrue
- \multidostop
- \fi}
-\ifAssociativeArray@ElementFound
-\else
- % New element: we must insert it at it sorted position
- \@tempcnta=\@ne
- \expandafter\Character@AsciiCode\@tempa\@tempx
- \Multido{\iValue=\@ne+\@ne}{\AssociativeArrayNbValues}{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Names(\iValue)%
- \expandafter\Character@AsciiCode\cachedata\@tempy
- \ifnum\@tempx<\@tempy
- % The new element must be before this one: we will exchange their values
- \checkAssociativeArray@Indexes(\iValue)%
- \@tempcntb=\cachedata
- \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
- \AssociativeArray@Indexes(\iValue)={\the\@tempcntb}%
- \else
- \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
- \fi}
- %
- \advance\AssociativeArrayNbValues\@ne
- \AssociativeArray@Names(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={\@tempa}%
- \AssociativeArray@Values(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={\@tempb}%
- \AssociativeArray@Indexes(\AssociativeArrayNbValues)={\the\@tempcnta}%
-\fi}
-
-% We change the way we draw each number of occurrences
-\def\Draw@OneOccurrence#1{%
-\checkAssociativeArray@Indexes(#1)%
-\pst@cnta=\cachedata
-\checkAssociativeArray@Values(#1)%
-\psdot(\the\pst@cnta,\cachedata)
-\rput[B](\the\pst@cnta,-0.5){\AssociativeArray@Names(#1)}}
-
-\makeatother
-
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \DrawOccurrences{Tuesday 8 February}
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\noindent Now, we can easily redefine the internal macro which plot each
-occurrence, to obtain various kinds of graphics:
-
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \makeatletter
-
- /HLMacro?\def\Draw@OneOccurrence;#1{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Indexes(#1)%
- \pst@cnta=\cachedata
- \checkAssociativeArray@Values(#1)
- \psline[linestyle=dotted](\the\pst@cnta,0)(\the\pst@cnta,\cachedata)
- \psdot(\the\pst@cnta,\cachedata)
- \rput[B](\the\pst@cnta,-0.5){\AssociativeArray@Names(#1)}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \psset{xunit=0.5,dotstyle=*,dotsize=0.3}
- \DrawOccurrences{I do not believe that it can be correct}
-\end{CenterExample}
-
-\begin{CenterExample}
- \makeatletter
-
- \SpecialCoor
-
- /HLMacro?\def\Draw@OneOccurrence;#1{%
- \checkAssociativeArray@Indexes(#1)%
- \pst@cnta=\cachedata
- \checkAssociativeArray@Values(#1)%
- \pspolygon*[linecolor=red](! \the\pst@cnta\space 0.3 sub 0)
- (! \the\pst@cnta\space 0.3 sub \cachedata)
- (! \the\pst@cnta\space 0.3 add \cachedata)
- (! \the\pst@cnta\space 0.3 add 0)
- \rput[B](\the\pst@cnta,-0.5){\AssociativeArray@Names(#1)}}
-
- \makeatother
-
- \psset{xunit=0.5,ticks=y}
- \DrawOccurrences{I don't know a better solution than this one}
-\end{CenterExample}
-\else
- \PSTricksExampleNotShown
-\fi % End \pstrickstrue
-
-\section{Thanks}
-
- I would like to thank Rolf Niepraschk \verb+<niepraschk@ptb.de>+ to have
-carefully read a preliminary version of this document and to have sent me
-several good advices to clarify and improve some points.
-
-\begin{thebibliography}{9}
- \bibitem{SVB93} Stephan von \textsc{Bechtolsheim}, \emph{\TeX{} in
- Practice}, four volumes, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1993 (see also
- \url{CTAN: macros/tip/arraymac.tip}).
- \bibitem{REPEAT} \RepeatPackage, by Victor \textsc{Eijkhout}, University of
- Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA, \url{CTAN: macros/generic/eijkhout/repeat}
- \bibitem{EG98} Philippe \textsc{Esperet} and Denis \textsc{Girou},
- \emph{Coloriage du pavage dit de Truchet}, Cahiers GUTenberg, Number~31,
- December 98, pages 5-18, in french (see
- \url{http://www.gutenberg.eu.org/pub/GUTenberg/publicationsPS/31-girou.ps.gz}).
- \bibitem{ALDRATEX} \AlDraTeXPackage, by Eitan M. \textsc{Gurari}, Ohio State
- University, Columbus, USA, \url{CTAN: graphics/dratex} (see also
- \url{http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/systems.html}).
- \bibitem{Gur94} Eitan M. \textsc{Gurari}, \emph{\TeX{} and \LaTeX: Drawing
- and Literate Programming}, McGraw-Hill, New-York, 1994.
- \bibitem{METAPOST} \MetaPostPackage, by John D. \textsc{Hobby}, AT\&T Bell
- Laboratories, USA, \url{CTAN: graphics/metapost} (see also
- \url{http://cm.bell-labs.com/who/hobby/MetaPost.html}).
- \bibitem{FORMLETT} \FormLettPackage, by Zhuhan \textsc{Jiang}, University of
- New England, Armidale, Australia, \url{CTAN: macros/generic/formlett.sty} (see
- also \url{http://maths.une.edu.au/~zhuhan/util.html#computer}).
- \bibitem{MULTIDO} \MultiDoPackage, by Timothy van \textsc{Zandt}, INSEAD,
- Fontainebleau, France, \url{CTAN: macros/generic/multido}
- \bibitem{PSTRICKS} \PSTricksPackage, by Timothy van \textsc{Zandt}, INSEAD,
- Fontainebleau, France, \url{CTAN: graphics/pstricks} (see also
- \url{http://www.tug.org/applications/PSTricks}).
-\end{thebibliography}
-
-\end{document}