elsevier

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3 files changed, 2514 insertions, 0 deletions

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@@ -0,0 +1,1408 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `elsart.cls',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% esl.dtx  (with options: `package,elsart,ONECOL,DEEPLIST')
+%% 
+%% elsart.cls Copyright (C) 1994-2001 Elsevier Science
+%% 
+%% This file may be distributed and/or modified under the
+%% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.2
+%% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
+%% The latest version of this license is in
+%%    http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
+%% and version 1.2 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
+%% version 1999/12/01 or later.
+%% 
+\def\readRCS$#1: #2 #3 #4 #5${%
+ \def\RCSfile{#2}%
+ \def\RCSversion{#3}%
+ \def\RCSdate{#4}%
+}
+\readRCS
+$Header: /source/repository/eslatex/src/texmf/source/latex/elsevier/esl.dtx,v 1.6 2000/10/09 10:45:59 dabeyko Exp $
+\def\@shortjnl{\relax}
+ \def\esp@fileversion{2.18}
+ \def\esp@filedate{2001/01/05}
+ \def\@journal{Elsevier Science} \def\@company{Elsevier Science}
+  \def\@issn{000-0000}
+  \def\@shortjid{elsart}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{\@shortjid}[\esp@filedate, \esp@fileversion: \@journal]
+
+\newif\if@TwoColumn
+\newif\if@seceqn
+\newif\if@secthm
+\newif\if@nameyear
+\newif\if@Elproofing
+\@Elproofingfalse
+\DeclareOption{12pt}{}
+\DeclareOption{11pt}{}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{}
+\DeclareOption{oneside}{\@twosidefalse \@mparswitchfalse}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue  \@mparswitchtrue}
+\@twocolumnfalse
+\DeclareOption{onecolumn}{\@twocolumnfalse\@TwoColumnfalse}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue\@TwoColumntrue}
+\let\snm\relax \let\cty\relax \let\cny\relax\let\jr\relax
+\newif\if@ussrhead \@ussrheadfalse
+\DeclareOption{ussrhead}{\@ussrheadtrue}
+\@seceqnfalse                             % Default: equation numbering is not
+\DeclareOption{seceqn}{\@seceqntrue}      % reset at beginning of each section
+\@secthmfalse
+\DeclareOption{secthm}{\@secthmtrue}
+\@nameyearfalse
+\DeclareOption{nameyear}{\@nameyeartrue}
+\def\@blstr{1}
+\DeclareOption{doublespacing}{\def\@blstr{1.7}}
+\DeclareOption{reviewcopy}{\def\@blstr{1.7}}
+\newif\if@symbold\@symboldfalse
+\DeclareOption{symbold}{\@symboldtrue}
+\newif\if@amsthm\@amsthmfalse
+\DeclareOption{amsthm}{\@amsthmtrue}
+ \ExecuteOptions{oneside}
+ \ExecuteOptions{onecolumn,final}
+\ProcessOptions
+\def\@pagenumprefix{}
+\def\author@font{}
+\def\partname{Part}
+\def\appendixname{Appendix}
+\def\contentsname{Contents}
+\def\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\def\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\def\refname{References}
+\def\indexname{Index}
+\def\figurename{Fig.}
+\def\tablename{Table}
+\def\abstractname{Abstract}
+\lineskip 1\p@
+\normallineskip 1\p@
+\def\baselinestretch{1}
+\frenchspacing
+\def\cropwidth{297mm}
+\def\cropheight{210mm}
+\def\cropleft{0mm}
+\def\croptop{0mm}
+\def\FullCopyrightText{}
+\def\copyrightholder#1{\def\@copyrightholder{#1}}
+\newdimen\@frontmatterwidth
+\def\@overtitleskip{69\p@}
+\def\@overhistoryskip{\z@}
+\def\@undertitleskip{\z@}
+\def\@overkeywordskip{12\p@}
+\def\@overabstractskip{8\p@}
+\def\@overcaptionskip{8\p@}
+\def\@preabstractskip{24\p@ \@plus 6\p@ \@minus 3\p@}
+\def\@belowfmskip{18\p@}
+\def\@bibliosize{\small}
+\def\@historysize{\small}
+\def\@keywordsize{\small}
+\def\@overaddressskip{2pt}
+\def\@titlesize{\Large\bfseries}
+\def\@authorsize{\large}
+\def\@keywordheading{{\it Key words: \ }}
+\def\@addressstyle{\small\itshape}
+\def\@captionsize{\small}
+\def\@tablecaptionsize{\@captionsize}
+\def\@figurecaptionsize{\@captionsize}
+\def\@tablesize{\small}
+\def\@keywordwidth{.8\textwidth}
+\def\@abstractwidth{.8\textwidth}
+\def\@fignumfont#1{#1}
+\def\@secnumfont#1{\upshape}
+\def\@catchlinesize{\footnotesize}
+\def\@runheadsize{\normalsize}
+\def\etal{et al.}
+\def\AND{\&}
+\def\@Colofonheight{1cm}
+\def\@abstractsize{\fontsize{\@ixpt}{11pt}\selectfont}
+\def\@articletypesize{\fontsize{\@xiiipt}{13pt}\selectfont}
+\def\normalsize{\@setfontsize\normalsize\@xiipt{14.5}%
+\abovedisplayskip 12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@%
+\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus 2\p@%
+\belowdisplayshortskip 3.5\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@
+\let\@listi\@listI}
+\def\small{\@setfontsize\small\@xipt{13.6}%
+\abovedisplayskip 11\p@ \@plus3\p@ minus6\p@
+\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+\abovedisplayshortskip  \z@ \@plus3\p@
+\belowdisplayshortskip  6.5\p@ \@plus3.5\p@ minus3\p@
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 4.5\p@ \@plus2\p@ minus\p@ \itemsep \parsep
+            \topsep 9\p@ \@plus3\p@ minus5\p@}}
+\let\footnotesize=\small
+\let\@xviiipt\@xviipt
+\def\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viiipt{9.5}}
+\def\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vipt{7}}
+\def\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xivpt{18}}
+\def\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xviipt{22}}
+\def\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xxpt{22}}
+\def\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxvpt{27}}
+\let\Huge=\huge
+\normalsize                                % Choose the normalsize font.
+\newdimen\@bls                              % Several dimensions are
+\@bls=\baselineskip                         % expressed in terms of this.
+\if@twoside                 % Values for two-sided printing:
+   \oddsidemargin   20\p@    %   Left margin on odd-numbered pages.
+   \evensidemargin  20\p@    %   Left margin on even-numbered pages.
+   \marginparwidth  10\p@    %   \@Width of marginal notes.
+\else                       % Values for one-sided printing:
+   \oddsidemargin   20\p@    %   Left margin on odd-numbered pages.
+   \evensidemargin  20\p@    %   Left margin on even-numbered pages.
+   \marginparwidth   2pc
+\fi
+\marginparsep 20\p@          % Horizontal space between outer margin and
+                            % marginal note
+\topmargin \z@           %    Nominal distance from top of page to top of
+                         %    box containing running head.
+\headheight  \z@         %    \@Height of box containing running head.
+\headsep     \z@         %    Space between running head and text.
+ \footskip 40\p@
+\bigskipamount=\@bls \@plus 0.3\@bls \@minus 0.3\@bls % 1/1 line
+\medskipamount=0.5\bigskipamount                  % 1/2 line
+\smallskipamount=0.25\bigskipamount               % 1/4 line
+\@tempdima=651pt \advance\@tempdima -\topskip \@tempcnta=\@tempdima
+\@tempdimb=\@blstr\@bls \@tempcntb=\@tempdimb
+\divide\@tempcnta\@tempcntb
+\textheight\@tempdimb \multiply\textheight\@tempcnta
+\advance\textheight\topskip
+\textwidth 33pc              % \@Width of text line.
+                             % For two-column mode:
+\columnsep 2pc               %   Space between columns
+\columnseprule \z@           %   \@Width of rule between columns.
+ \footnotesep 8.4\p@
+\skip\footins 12\p@ \@plus  8\p@          % Space between last line of text and
+                                      % top of first footnote.
+\floatsep 8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@ % Space between adjacent floats moved
+                                         % to top or bottom of text page.
+\textfloatsep 8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@ % Space between main text and floats
+                                         % at top or bottom of page.
+\intextsep 8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@ % Space between in-text figures and
+                                         % text.
+\dblfloatsep      8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@ % Same as \floatsep for double-column
+                                         % figures in two-column mode.
+\dbltextfloatsep 12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@ % \textfloatsep for double-column
+                                         % floats.
+\@fptop \z@ \@plus 1fil    % Stretch at top of float page/column. (Must be
+                         % \z@ \@plus ...)
+\@fpsep 8\p@ \@plus 2fil    % Space between floats on float page/column.
+\@fpbot \z@ \@plus 1fil    % Stretch at bottom of float page/column. (Must be
+                         % \z@ \@plus ... )
+\@dblfptop \z@ \@plus 1fil % Stretch at top of float page. (Must be \z@ \@plus ...)
+\@dblfpsep 8\p@ \@plus 2fil % Space between floats on float page.
+\@dblfpbot \z@ \@plus 1fil % Stretch at bottom of float page. (Must be
+                         % \z@ \@plus ... )
+\marginparpush 5\p@       % Minimum vertical separation between two marginal
+                         % notes.
+\parskip 1pc \@plus 1\p@          % Extra vertical space between paragraphs.
+\parindent \z@                     % Indentation of each paragraph.
+\newskip\eqntopsep                    % Extra vertical space, in addition to
+ \eqntopsep 12\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@ %\parskip, added above and below
+\newdimen\eqnarraycolsep            % Half the space between columns
+\eqnarraycolsep 1\p@                 % in an \eqnarray.
+\@lowpenalty   51      % Produced by \nopagebreak[1] or \nolinebreak[1]
+\@medpenalty  151      % Produced by \nopagebreak[2] or \nolinebreak[2]
+\@highpenalty 301      % Produced by \nopagebreak[3] or \nolinebreak[3]
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty    % Before a list or paragraph environment.
+\@endparpenalty   -\@lowpenalty    % After a list or paragraph environment.
+\@itempenalty     -\@lowpenalty    % Between list items.
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}{1.5\@bls
+  \@plus .4\@bls \@minus .1\@bls}{\@bls}{\normalsize\bfseries}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{\@bls
+  \@plus .3\@bls \@minus .1\@bls}{\@bls}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}{\@bls
+  \@plus .2\@bls}{0.0001pt}{\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}{3.25ex \@plus
+  2ex \@minus 0.2ex}{-1em}{\normalsize\bfseries}}
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{4}
+\def\half@em{\hskip 0.5em}
+\def\lb@part{PART \thepart.\half@em}
+  \def\lb@empty@part{PART \thepart}
+\def\lb@section{\thesection.\half@em}
+  \def\lb@empty@section{\thesection}
+\def\lb@subsection{\thesubsection.\half@em}
+  \def\lb@empty@subsection{\thesubsection}
+\def\lb@subsubsection{\thesubsubsection.\half@em}
+  \def\lb@empty@subsubsection{\thesubsubsection}
+\def\lb@paragraph{\theparagraph.\half@em}
+  \def\lb@empty@paragraph{\theparagraph}
+\def\lb@subparagraph{\thesubparagraph.\half@em}
+  \def\lb@empty@subparagraph{\thesubparagraph}
+\def\head@format#1#2{#2}
+\def\head@style{\interlinepenalty\@M
+  \hyphenpenalty\@M \exhyphenpenalty\@M
+  \rightskip \z@ \@plus 0.5\hsize \relax
+  }
+\def\app@number#1{\setcounter{#1}{0}%
+  \@addtoreset{#1}{section}%
+  \@namedef{the#1}{\thesection.\arabic{#1}}}
+\def\appendix{\@ifstar{\appendix@star}{\appendix@nostar}}
+\def\appendix@nostar{%
+  \def\lb@section{\appendixname\ \thesection.\half@em}
+  \def\lb@empty@section{\appendixname\ \thesection}
+  \setcounter{section}{0}\def\thesection{\Alph{section}}%
+  \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+  \setcounter{subsubsection}{0}%
+  \setcounter{paragraph}{0}%
+  \app@number{equation}\app@number{figure}\app@number{table}}
+\def\appendix@star{%
+  \def\lb@section{\appendixname}\let\lb@empty@section\lb@section
+  \setcounter{section}{0}\def\thesection{\Alph{section}}%
+  \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+  \setcounter{subsubsection}{0}%
+  \setcounter{paragraph}{0}%
+  \app@number{equation}\app@number{figure}\app@number{table}}
+\def\ack{\section*{Acknowledgements}%
+  \addtocontents{toc}{\protect\vspace{6pt}}%
+  \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Acknowledgements}%
+}
+\@namedef{ack*}{\par\vskip 3.0ex \@plus 1.0ex \@minus 1.0ex}
+\let\endack\par
+\@namedef{endack*}{\par}
+\newdimen\labelwidthi
+\newdimen\labelwidthii
+\newdimen\labelwidthiii
+\newdimen\labelwidthiv
+\def\normal@labelsep{0.5em}
+\labelsep\normal@labelsep
+\settowidth{\labelwidthi}{(iii)}
+\settowidth{\labelwidthii}{(d)}
+\settowidth{\labelwidthiii}{(iii)}
+\settowidth{\labelwidthiv}{(M)}
+\leftmargini\labelwidthi    \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+\leftmarginii\labelwidthii  \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\leftmarginiii\labelwidthiii \advance\leftmarginiii\labelsep
+\leftmarginiv\labelwidthiv  \advance\leftmarginiv\labelsep
+\def\setleftmargin#1#2{\settowidth{\@tempdima}{#2}\labelsep\normal@labelsep
+  \csname labelwidth#1\endcsname\@tempdima
+  \@tempdimb\@tempdima \advance\@tempdimb\labelsep
+  \csname leftmargin#1\endcsname\@tempdimb}
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+  \labelwidth\labelwidthi \labelsep\normal@labelsep
+  \topsep \z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
+  \listparindent 1em}
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+  \labelwidth\labelwidthii \labelsep\normal@labelsep
+  \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
+  \listparindent 1em}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+  \labelwidth\labelwidthiii \labelsep\normal@labelsep
+  \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
+  \listparindent 1em}
+\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+  \labelwidth\labelwidthiv \labelsep\normal@labelsep
+  \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
+  \listparindent 1em}
+\let\@listi\@listI
+\@listi
+\def\left@label#1{{#1}\hss}
+\def\right@label#1{\hss\llap{#1}}
+\def\thick@label#1{\hspace\labelsep #1}
+\newcount\@maxlistdepth
+\@maxlistdepth=4
+\def\labelitemi{$\bullet$}          \def\labelitemii{$\cdot$}
+\def\labelenumi{(\theenumi)}        \def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}}
+\def\labelenumii{(\alph{enumii})}   \def\theenumii{\theenumi\alph{enumii}}
+\def\labelenumiii{(\roman{enumiii})}\def\theenumiii{\theenumii.\roman{enumiii}}
+\def\labelenumiv{(\Alph{enumiv})}   \def\theenumiv{\theenumiii.\Alph{enumiv}}
+\def\enumerate{%
+  \ifnum \@enumdepth >\@maxlistdepth
+    \@toodeep
+  \else
+    \advance\@enumdepth \@ne
+    \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth}%
+    \list{\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}%
+       {\usecounter{\@enumctr}
+       \let\makelabel=\right@label}
+  \fi}
+\def\itemize{%
+  \ifnum \@itemdepth >\@maxlistdepth
+    \@toodeep
+  \else
+    \advance\@itemdepth \@ne
+    \edef\@itemitem{labelitem\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth}%
+     \setleftmargin{i}{--}%
+     \setleftmargin{ii}{$\cdot$}%
+    \list{\csname\@itemitem\endcsname}%
+       {\let\makelabel\right@label}
+  \fi}
+\def\verse{\let\\=\@centercr
+  \list{}{\itemsep\z@
+  \itemindent \z@
+  \listparindent\z@
+  \rightmargin 1em
+  \leftmargin \rightmargin}\item[]}
+\let\endverse\endlist
+\def\quotation{\list{}{\itemindent\z@
+ \leftmargin 1em \rightmargin \z@
+  \parsep \z@ \@plus 1pt}\item[]}
+\let\endquotation=\endlist
+\def\quote{\list{}{\itemindent\z@
+   \leftmargin 1em \rightmargin \z@}%
+\item[]}
+\let\endquote=\endlist
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep \bfseries #1}
+\def\description{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+  \leftmargin 1em \itemindent-\leftmargin
+  \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+\def\@atfmtname{atlplain}
+\ifx\fmtname\@atfmtname
+ \def\neq{\not\nobreak\mkern -2mu =}%
+ \let\ne\neq
+\fi
+\def\operatorname#1{\mathop{\mathrm{#1}}\nolimits}
+\def\lefteqn#1{\hbox to\z@{$\displaystyle {#1}$\hss}}
+\newskip\eqnbaselineskip % Standard interline spacing in an {eqnarray}
+\jot=2\p@
+\newskip\eqnlineskip     % Minimal space between the bottom of
+                         % a line and the top of the next line.
+\eqnbaselineskip=14\p@  \eqnlineskip=2\p@
+\newdimen\mathindent
+\if@TwoColumn
+  \mathindent 0em
+\else
+  \mathindent 2em
+\fi
+\def\[{\relax\ifmmode\@badmath
+  \else%\bgroup removed on request from BW (1993-05-17)
+  \@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty
+  \@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
+  \begin{trivlist}\@topsep \eqntopsep       % used by first \item
+   \@topsepadd \eqntopsep                   % used by \@endparenv
+  \item[]\leavevmode
+   \hbox to\linewidth\bgroup$ \displaystyle
+  \hskip\mathindent\bgroup\fi}
+\def\]{\relax\ifmmode \egroup $\hfil \egroup
+  \end{trivlist}% \egroup removed on request from BW (1993-05-17)
+  \else \@badmath \fi}
+\def\equation{\@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty
+  \@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
+  \refstepcounter{equation}\trivlist
+  \@topsep \eqntopsep                      % used by first \item
+  \@topsepadd \eqntopsep                   % used by \@endparenv
+  \item[]\leavevmode
+   \hbox to\linewidth\bgroup $ \displaystyle \hskip\mathindent\bgroup}
+\def\endequation{\egroup$\hfil \displaywidth\linewidth
+  \@eqnnum\egroup \endtrivlist}
+\def\eqnarray{%
+  \par                                               %BW
+  \noindent                                          %BW
+  \baselineskip\eqnbaselineskip\lineskip\eqnlineskip %BW
+  \lineskiplimit\eqnlineskip                         %BW
+  \stepcounter{equation}%
+  \let\@currentlabel=\theequation
+  \global\@eqnswtrue
+  \global\@eqcnt\z@
+  \tabskip\mathindent
+  \let\\=\@eqncr
+  \abovedisplayskip\eqntopsep\ifvmode\advance\abovedisplayskip\partopsep\fi
+  \belowdisplayskip\abovedisplayskip
+  \belowdisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+  \abovedisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+  $$\halign to \displaywidth\bgroup\@eqnsel
+    \pre@coli$\displaystyle\tabskip\z@{##}$\post@coli
+    &\global\@eqcnt\@ne
+    \pre@colii$\displaystyle{##}$\post@colii
+    &\global\@eqcnt\tw@
+    \pre@coliii $\displaystyle\tabskip\z@{##}$\post@coliii
+    \tabskip\@centering&\llap{##}\tabskip\z@\cr
+}
+\def\endeqnarray{\@@eqncr\egroup
+ \global\advance\c@equation\m@ne$$\global\@ignoretrue }
+\def\pre@coli{\hskip\@centering}              \def\post@coli{}
+\def\pre@colii{\hskip 2\eqnarraycolsep \hfil} \def\post@colii{\hfil}
+\def\pre@coliii{\hskip 2\eqnarraycolsep}      \def\post@coliii{\hfil}
+\arraycolsep 2\p@         % Half the space between columns in array environment.
+\tabcolsep 6\p@           % idem in tabular environment.
+\def\arraystretch{1.5}   % More vertical space in tables
+\arrayrulewidth 0.4\p@    % \@Width of rules and space between adjacent
+\doublerulesep 2\p@       % rules in any of these two environments.
+\newdimen\rulepreskip \newdimen\rulepostskip
+\rulepreskip=4\p@      \rulepostskip=6\p@
+\tabbingsep \labelsep   % Space used by the \' command.  (See LaTeX{} manual.)
+\skip\@mpfootins = 6\p@ \@plus 2\p@   % Space between last line of text and
+                                  % top of first footnote.
+\fboxsep = 7\p@    % Space left between box and text by \fbox and \framebox.
+\fboxrule = 0.4\p@ % \@Width of rules in box made by \fbox and \framebox.
+\newcounter{section}
+\newcounter{subsection}[section]
+\newcounter{subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter{paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter{subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\if@seceqn
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}
+ \def\theequation{\arabic{section}.\arabic{equation}}
+\else
+  \def\theequation{\arabic{equation}}
+\fi
+\def\thesection      {\arabic{section}}
+\def\thesubsection   {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
+\def\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\arabic{subsubsection}}
+\def\theparagraph    {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
+\def\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}
+\@addtoreset{section}{part} % reset section numbers at beginning of part
+
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\RequirePackage{latexsym}
+\def\qed{\relax\ifmmode\hskip2em \Box\else\unskip\nobreak\hskip1em $\Box$\fi}
+\def\proof@headerfont{\upshape\bfseries}
+\if@amsthm
+  \RequirePackage{amsthm}%
+  \def\th@plain{%
+    \thm@preskip\parskip
+    \thm@postskip\z@
+    \itshape % body font
+  }
+  \def\th@definition{%
+    \thm@preskip\parskip
+    \thm@postskip\z@
+    \normalfont % body font
+  }
+  \def\th@remark{%
+    \thm@headfont{\itshape}%
+    \normalfont % body font
+    \thm@preskip\parskip \divide\thm@preskip\tw@
+    \thm@postskip\z@
+  }
+\else\let\theoremstyle\@gobble\fi
+\newenvironment{pf}%
+  {\par\addvspace{\@bls \@plus 0.5\@bls \@minus 0.1\@bls}\noindent
+   {\bfseries\Elproofname}\enspace\ignorespaces}%
+  {\par\addvspace{\@bls \@plus 0.5\@bls \@minus 0.1\@bls}}
+\def\Elproofname{PROOF.}
+\@namedef{pf*}#1{\par\begingroup\def\Elproofname{#1}\pf\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+\expandafter\let\csname endpf*\endcsname=\endpf
+\theoremstyle{plain}
+\if@secthm
+  \newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}[section]
+  \@addtoreset{thm}{section}
+\else
+  \newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}
+\fi
+\newtheorem{cor}[thm]{Corollary}
+\newtheorem{lem}[thm]{Lemma}
+\newtheorem{claim}[thm]{Claim}
+\newtheorem{axiom}[thm]{Axiom}
+\newtheorem{conj}[thm]{Conjecture}
+\newtheorem{fact}[thm]{Fact}
+\newtheorem{hypo}[thm]{Hypothesis}
+\newtheorem{assum}[thm]{Assumption}
+\newtheorem{prop}[thm]{Proposition}
+\newtheorem{crit}[thm]{Criterion}
+\theoremstyle{definition}
+\newtheorem{defn}[thm]{Definition}
+\newtheorem{exmp}[thm]{Example}
+\newtheorem{rem}[thm]{Remark}
+\newtheorem{prob}[thm]{Problem}
+\newtheorem{prin}[thm]{Principle}
+\newtheorem{alg}{Algorithm}
+\long\def\@makealgocaption#1#2{\vskip 2ex \small
+  \hbox to \hsize{\parbox[t]{\hsize}{{\bfseries #1.} #2}}}
+\newcounter{algorithm}
+\def\thealgorithm{\@arabic\c@algorithm}
+\def\fps@algorithm{tbp}
+\def\ftype@algorithm{4}
+\def\ext@algorithm{lof}
+\def\fnum@algorithm{Algorithm \thealgorithm}
+\def\algorithm{\let\@makecaption\@makealgocaption\@float{algorithm}}
+\let\endalgorithm\end@float
+\newtheorem{note}{Note}
+\newtheorem{summ}{Summary}
+\newtheorem{case}{Case}
+\def\@pnumwidth{2.55em}
+\def\@tocrmarg{2.55em \@plus 5em}
+\def\@dotsep{-2.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+    \section*{\listfigurename
+      \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\listfigurename}%
+              {\MakeUppercase\listfigurename}}%
+    \@starttoc{lof}%
+    }
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+    \section*{\listtablename
+      \@mkboth{%
+          \MakeUppercase\listtablename}{\MakeUppercase\listtablename}}%
+    \@starttoc{lot}%
+    }
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+\def\tableofcontents{%
+  \begin{small}
+  \leftline {{\bfseries \contentsname\/}}
+  \setcounter{secnumdepth}{4}%
+  \setcounter{tocdepth}{2}%
+  {\@starttoc{toc}}%
+\end{small}
+}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+\def\@dotsep{2000}
+\def\thebibliography{%
+  \@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}{20\p@ \@plus 8\p@ \@minus 4pt}
+  {\@bls}{\normalsize\bfseries}*{\refname}%
+\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\refname}%
+  \@thebibliography}
+\let\endthebibliography=\endlist
+\def\@thebibliography#1{\@bibliosize
+  \list{\@biblabel{\arabic{enumiv}}}{\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}
+  \if@nameyear
+    \labelwidth\z@ \labelsep\z@ \leftmargin\parindent
+    \itemindent-\parindent
+  \else
+    \labelsep 3\p@ \itemindent\z@
+    \leftmargin\labelwidth \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+\fi
+     \itemsep 0.3\@bls \@plus 0.1\@bls \@minus 0.1\@bls
+    \usecounter{enumiv}\let\p@enumiv\@empty
+    \def\theenumiv{\arabic{enumiv}}}%
+    \tolerance\@M
+   \hyphenpenalty\@M
+     \hbadness5000 \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\if@nameyear
+  \def\@biblabel#1{}
+\else
+ \def\@biblabel#1{[#1]\hskip \z@ \@plus 1filll}
+\fi
+\let\make@bb@error\relax
+\def\@mkbberr{\def\bibitem{\ClassError{elsart}%
+    {Bibitem after note}%
+    {You are using a bibitem after a note in a subbibitems
+      environment;\MessageBreak
+      note should the last item in a subbibitems environment}}}
+\def\@itemnote{\make@bb@error\item[]}
+\def\mk@noitemnote{\ifx\@tempa\note \let\note\@noitemnote \fi}
+\def\@noitemnote{\let\note\@itemnote}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \let\nopeek@bibitem\@bibitem
+  \let\nopeek@lbibitem\@lbibitem
+  \def\@bibitem#1{\let\note\@itemnote\nopeek@bibitem{#1}%
+    \futurelet\@tempa\mk@noitemnote}
+  \def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\let\note\@itemnote\nopeek@lbibitem[#1]{#2}%
+    \futurelet\@tempa\mk@noitemnote}
+}
+\newif\if@natbibloaded\@natbibloadedfalse
+\AtBeginDocument{\@ifpackageloaded{natbib}{\@natbibloadedtrue}{}}
+\newenvironment{subbibitems}[1]{%
+  \if@natbibloaded\def\bib@ctr{NAT@ctr}\else\def\bib@ctr{enumiv}\fi
+  \if@filesw {\let \protect \noexpand \immediate \write \@auxout
+    {\string \nocollapse@cites}%
+    \global\let\nocollapse@cites\relax}\fi
+  \def\@itemslabel{#1}%
+  \stepcounter{\bib@ctr}%
+  \edef\main@bibnum{\the\value{\bib@ctr}}%
+  \setcounter{\bib@ctr}{0}%
+  \def\thebib@ctr{\main@bibnum\alph{\bib@ctr}}%
+  \if@natbibloaded
+    \def\bibitem{\@ifnextchar [{\@lbibitem }{\global \NAT@stdbsttrue
+        \stepcounter {\bib@ctr}\@lbibitem [\thebib@ctr]}}%
+  \else
+    \def\@bibitem##1{\stepcounter{\bib@ctr}\@lbibitem[\thebib@ctr]{##1}}%
+  \fi
+  \let\make@bb@error\@mkbberr
+}{%
+  \if@filesw {%
+    \if@natbibloaded{%
+      \let\protect\noexpand
+      \immediate\write\@auxout {\string\bibcite{\@itemslabel}%
+        {{\main@bibnum a--\alph {\bib@ctr}}{}{{}}{{}}}}%
+      \immediate\write\@auxout {\string\bibcite{\@itemslabel :s}%
+        {{\main@bibnum}{}{{}}{{}}}}%
+    }\else{%
+      \let\protect\noexpand
+      \immediate\write\@auxout {\string\bibcite{\@itemslabel}%
+        {\main@bibnum a--\alph{\bib@ctr}}}%
+      \immediate\write\@auxout {\string\bibcite{\@itemslabel :s}%
+        {\main@bibnum}}%
+    }\fi
+  }\fi
+  \setcounter{\bib@ctr}{\main@bibnum}%
+}
+\let\nocollapse@citex\@citex
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\collapse@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+  {\@ifundefined
+   {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries ?}\@warning
+   {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+  {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+   \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+    \@citea\def\@citea{,}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+   \else
+    \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+    \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+    \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+    \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\let\@citex\collapse@citex
+\def\nocollapse@cites{%
+  \@ifpackageloaded{hyperref}{}{\global\let\@citex\nocollapse@citex}%
+  \global\let\nocollapse@cites\relax}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else\@citea\def\@citea{,}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+  {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+   \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+\@namedef{cv*}{\section*{Curriculum Vitae}\cv}
+ \def\cv{\hangindent=7pc \hangafter=-12 \parskip\bigskipamount \small}
+\def\footnote{\@ifnextchar[{\@xfootnote}{\refstepcounter
+   {\@mpfn}\protected@xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfn}\@footnotemark\@footnotetext}}
+\def\footnotemark{\@ifnextchar[{\@xfootnotemark
+    }{\refstepcounter{footnote}\xdef\@thefnmark{\thefootnote}\@footnotemark}}
+\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@
+  \hrule \@width 3pc               % The \hrule has default \@height of 0.4pt.
+  \kern 2.6\p@}
+\def\thempfootnote{\alph{mpfootnote}}
+\def\mpfootnotemark{%
+  \@ifnextchar[{\@xmpfootnotemark}{\stepcounter{mpfootnote}%
+  \begingroup
+    \let\protect\noexpand
+    \xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfootnote}%
+  \endgroup
+  \@footnotemark}}
+\def\@xmpfootnotemark[#1]{%
+  \begingroup
+    \c@mpfootnote #1\relax
+    \let\protect\noexpand
+    \xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfootnote}%
+  \endgroup
+  \@footnotemark}
+\def\@mpmakefnmark{\,\hbox{$^{\mathrm{\@thefnmark}}$}}
+\long\def\@mpmakefntext#1{\noindent
+                     \hbox{$^{\mathrm{\@thefnmark}}$} #1}
+\def\@iiiminipage#1#2[#3]#4{%
+  \leavevmode
+  \@pboxswfalse
+  \setlength\@tempdima{#4}%
+  \def\@mpargs{{#1}{#2}[#3]{#4}}%
+  \setbox\@tempboxa\vbox\bgroup
+    \color@begingroup
+      \hsize\@tempdima
+      \textwidth\hsize \columnwidth\hsize
+      \@parboxrestore
+      \def\@mpfn{mpfootnote}\def\thempfn{\thempfootnote}\c@mpfootnote\z@
+      \let\@footnotetext\@mpfootnotetext
+      \let\@makefntext\@mpmakefntext
+      \let\@makefnmark\@mpmakefnmark
+      \let\@listdepth\@mplistdepth \@mplistdepth\z@
+      \@minipagerestore\global\@minipagetrue %% \global added 24 May 89
+      \everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\everypar{}}}
+\def\fn@presym{}
+\long\def\@makefntext#1{\noindent\hbox to 1em
+  {$^{\fn@presym\mathrm{\@thefnmark}}$\hss}#1}
+\def\@makefnmark{\,\hbox{$^{\fn@presym\mathrm{\@thefnmark}}$}\,}
+\def\patched@end@dblfloat{%
+  \if@twocolumn
+      \par\vskip\z@skip      %% \par\vskip\z@ added 15 Dec 87
+      \global\@minipagefalse
+      \outer@nobreak
+    \egroup                  %% end of vbox
+    \color@endbox
+    \ifnum\@floatpenalty <\z@
+      \@largefloatcheck
+      \@cons\@dbldeferlist\@currbox
+    \fi
+    \ifnum \@floatpenalty =-\@Mii \@Esphack\fi
+  \else
+    \end@float
+  \fi
+}
+\setcounter{topnumber}{5}
+\def\topfraction{0.99}
+\def\textfraction{0.05}
+\def\floatpagefraction{0.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{5}
+\def\bottomfraction{0.99}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{10}
+\def\dbltopfraction{0.99}
+\def\dblfloatpagefraction{0.8}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{5}
+\long\def\@maketablecaption#1#2{\@tablecaptionsize
+    \global \@minipagefalse
+    \hbox to \hsize{\parbox[t]{\hsize}{#1 \\ #2}}}
+\long\def\@makefigurecaption#1#2{\@figurecaptionsize
+  \vskip \@overcaptionskip
+  \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1. #2}
+  \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize              % IF longer than one line THEN
+    \unhbox\@tempboxa\par                   %   set as justified paragraph
+  \else                                     % ELSE
+    \global \@minipagefalse
+    \hbox to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}%   center single line.
+  \fi}
+\def\@makecaption{\@makefigurecaption}
+\def\conttablecaption{\par \begingroup \@parboxrestore \normalsize
+  \@makecaption{\fnum@table\,---\,continued}{}\par
+  \vskip-1pc \endgroup}
+\def\contfigurecaption{\vskip-1pc \par \begingroup \@parboxrestore
+  \@captionsize
+  \@makecaption{\fnum@figure\,---\,continued}{}\par
+  \endgroup}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\def\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\def\figure{%
+ \let\@makecaption\@makefigurecaption
+  \let\contcaption\contfigurecaption \@float{figure}}
+\let\endfigure\end@float
+\@namedef{figure*}{%
+ \let\@makecaption\@makefigurecaption
+  \let\contcaption\contfigurecaption \@dblfloat{figure}}
+\@namedef{endfigure*}{\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\def\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\let\old@floatboxreset\@floatboxreset
+\def\table{%
+\let\@makecaption\@maketablecaption
+\def\@floatboxreset{%
+ \old@floatboxreset
+ \@tablesize
+}%
+  \let\footnoterule\relax
+  \let\contcaption\conttablecaption \@float{table}}
+\let\endtable\end@float
+\@namedef{table*}{%
+\let\@makecaption\@maketablecaption
+\def\@floatboxreset{%
+ \old@floatboxreset
+ \@tablesize
+}%
+  \let\footnoterule\relax
+  \let\contcaption\conttablecaption \@dblfloat{table}}
+\@namedef{endtable*}{\end@dblfloat}
+\newtoks\t@glob@notes             % List of all notes
+\newtoks\t@loc@notes              % List of notes for one element
+\newcount\note@cnt                % Number of notes per element
+\newtoks\corauth@text
+\newtoks\email@text
+\newtoks\url@text
+\newcounter{corauth}
+\newcounter{author}               % Author counter
+\newcount\n@author                % Total number of authors
+\def\n@author@{1}                  % idem, read from .aux file
+\newcounter{collab}               % Collaboration counter
+\newcount\n@collab                % Total number of collaborations
+\def\n@collab@{}                  % idem, read from .aux file
+\newcounter{address}              % Address counter
+\def\theHaddress{\arabic{address}}% for hyperref
+\newdimen\sv@mathsurround         % Dimen register to save \mathsurround
+\newcount\sv@hyphenpenalty        % Count register to save \hyphenpenalty
+\newcount\prev@elem \prev@elem=0  % Variables to keep track of
+\newcount\cur@elem  \cur@elem=0   % types of elements that are processed
+\chardef\e@title=1
+\chardef\e@subtitle=1
+\chardef\e@author=2
+\chardef\e@collab=3
+\chardef\e@address=4
+\newif\if@newelem                 % Switch to new type of element?
+\newif\if@firstauthor             % First author or collaboration?
+\newif\if@preface                 % If preface: omit history and abstract
+\newif\if@hasabstract             % If abstract / keywords: do not omit rules
+\newif\if@haskeywords             % If abstract / keywords: do not omit rules
+\newbox\fm@box                    % Box for collected front matter
+\newdimen\fm@size                 % Total height of \fm@box
+\newbox\t@abstract                % Box for abstract
+\newbox\t@keyword                 % Box for keyword abstract
+ \let\report@elt\@gobble
+\def\add@tok#1#2{\global#1\expandafter{\the#1#2}}
+\def\add@xtok#1#2{\begingroup
+  \no@harm
+  \xdef\@act{\global\noexpand#1{\the#1#2}}\@act
+\endgroup}
+\def\beg@elem{\global\t@loc@notes={}\global\note@cnt\z@}
+\def\@xnamedef#1{\expandafter\xdef\csname #1\endcsname}
+\def\no@harm{%
+  \let\\=\relax  \let\rm\relax
+  \let\ss=\relax \let\ae=\relax \let\oe=\relax
+  \let\AE=\relax \let\OE=\relax
+  \let\o=\relax  \let\O=\relax
+  \let\i=\relax  \let\j=\relax
+  \let\aa=\relax \let\AA=\relax
+  \let\l=\relax  \let\L=\relax
+  \let\d=\relax  \let\b=\relax \let\c=\relax
+  \let\bar=\relax
+  \def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}}
+\def\proc@elem#1#2{\begingroup
+    \no@harm                             % make a few instructions harmless
+    \let\thanksref\@gobble               % remove \thanksref from element
+    \let\corauthref\@gobble
+    \@xnamedef{@#1}{#2}%                 % and store as \@#1
+    \let\thanksref\add@thanksref
+    \let\corauthref\add@thanksref
+    \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#2}%
+  \endgroup
+  \prev@elem=\cur@elem                   % keep track of type of previous
+  \cur@elem=\csname e@#1\endcsname       % and current element
+}
+\def\add@thanksref#1{\global\advance\note@cnt\@ne
+  \ifnum\note@cnt>\@ne \add@xtok\t@loc@notes{\note@sep}\fi
+  \add@tok\t@loc@notes{\ref{#1}}}
+\def\note@sep{,}
+\def\thanks{\@ifnextchar[{\@tempswatrue
+  \thanks@optarg}{\@tempswafalse\thanks@optarg[]}}
+\def\thanks@optarg[#1]#2{\refstepcounter{footnote}%
+  \if@tempswa\label{#1}\else\relax\fi
+  \add@tok\t@glob@notes{\footnotetext}%
+  \add@xtok\t@glob@notes{[\the\c@footnote]}%
+  \add@tok\t@glob@notes{{#2}}%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\corauth{\@ifnextchar[{\@tempswatrue
+  \corauth@optarg}{\@tempswafalse\corauth@optarg[]}}
+\def\corauth@optarg[#1]#2{\refstepcounter{corauth}%
+  \if@tempswa\label{#1}\else\relax\fi
+  \add@tok\corauth@text{\footnotetext}%
+  \add@xtok\corauth@text{[\the\c@corauth]}%
+  \add@tok\corauth@text{{#2}}\ignorespaces}
+\newcommand\ead[1][email]{%
+  \add@eadcomma{#1}%
+  \expandafter\ifcase\csname has@ead@#1\endcsname
+  \expandafter\global\expandafter\chardef
+    \csname has@ead@#1\endcsname=1\relax\else
+  \expandafter\global\expandafter\chardef
+    \csname has@ead@#1\endcsname=2\relax\fi
+  \add@ead{#1}%
+}
+\def\add@ead#1#2{%
+  \expandafter\add@tok\csname #1@text\endcsname{\texttt{#2}\ead@au}%
+  \expandafter\add@xtok\csname #1@text\endcsname{{\@author}}%
+  \ignorespaces
+}
+\def\add@eadcomma#1{%
+  \expandafter\ifcase\csname has@ead@#1\endcsname\else
+  \expandafter\add@tok\csname #1@text\endcsname{, }\fi
+}
+\let\@ead@au\@empty
+\def\ead@newau{\ifx\@ead@au\@empty\else\ead@addau\@ead@au
+  \let\@ead@au\@empty\fi}
+\let\ead@endau\ead@newau
+\def\ead@addau#1{ (#1)}
+\def\ead@au#1{\edef\@ead@au{#1}}
+\def\email@name{Email address}
+\def\emails@name{Email addresses}
+\chardef\has@ead@email=0
+\def\url@name{URL}
+\def\urls@name{URLs}
+\chardef\has@ead@url=0
+\let\real@refstepcounter\refstepcounter
+\def\footnote{\@ifnextchar[{\@xfootnote}{\real@refstepcounter
+   {\@mpfn}\protected@xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfn}\@footnotemark\@footnotetext}}
+\def\footnotemark{\@ifnextchar[{\@xfootnotemark
+    }{\real@refstepcounter{footnote}\xdef\@thefnmark{\thefootnote}\@footnotemark}}
+\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@
+  \hrule \@width 3pc               % The \hrule has default \@height of 0.4pt.
+  \kern 2.6\p@}
+ \let\report@elt\@gobble
+\newenvironment{NoHyper}{}{}
+\def\frontmatter{%
+  \NoHyper
+  \let\@corresp@note\relax
+  \global\t@glob@notes={}\global\c@author\z@
+  \global\c@collab\z@ \global\c@address\z@
+  \sv@mathsurround\mathsurround \m@th
+  \global\n@author=0\n@author@\relax
+  \global\n@collab=0\n@collab@\relax
+  \global\advance\n@author\m@ne   % In comparisons later on we need
+  \global\advance\n@collab\m@ne   % n@author-1 and n@collab-1
+  \global\@firstauthortrue        % set to false by first \author or \collab
+  \global\@hasabstractfalse       % Default:  no abstract or keywords
+  \global\@haskeywordsfalse       % Default:  no abstract or keywords
+  \global\@prefacefalse           %           not preface
+  \ifnum\c@firstpage=\c@lastpage
+    \gdef\@pagerange{\@pagenumprefix\ESpagenumber{firstpage}}
+  \else
+    \gdef\@pagerange{\@pagenumprefix
+   \ESpagenumber{firstpage}--\@pagenumprefix\ESpagenumber{lastpage}}%
+  \fi
+ \parskip 4\p@
+  \open@fm \ignorespaces}
+\def\preface{\@prefacetrue}
+\def\endfrontmatter{%
+  \ifx\@runauthor\relax
+   \global\let\@runauthor\@runningauthor
+  \fi
+  \global\n@author=\c@author
+  \global\n@collab=\c@collab \@writecount
+  \global\@topnum\z@
+  \thispagestyle{copyright}%            % Format rest of front matter:
+  \if@preface \else                     % IF not preface THEN
+  \vskip \@overhistoryskip
+  \history@fmt                          % print history (received, ...)
+  \newcount\c@sv@footnote
+  \global\c@sv@footnote=\c@footnote     % save current footnote number
+  \if@hasabstract                       % IF abstract/ keywords THEN
+   \vskip \@preabstractskip     % Space above rule
+  \hrule height 0.4\p@                 % Rule above abstract/keywords
+    \vskip 8\p@
+    \unvbox\t@abstract                  % print abstract, if any
+  \fi
+  \if@haskeywords                       % IF keywords THEN
+    \vskip \@overkeywordskip
+    \unvbox\t@keyword                   % Keyword abstract, if any
+  \fi                                   % FI
+  \vskip 10\p@
+  \hrule height 0.4\p@                 % rule below abstract/keywords
+  \dedicated@fmt                        % print dedication
+  \vskip \@belowfmskip                  % Vertical space below frontmatter
+\fi                                   % FI
+  \close@fm                             % Close front matter material.
+   \output@glob@notes  % Put notes at bottom of 1st page
+  \global\c@footnote=\c@sv@footnote     % restore footnote number
+  \global\@prefacefalse
+  \global\leftskip\z@                   % Restore the normal values of
+  \global\@rightskip\z@                 % \leftskip,
+  \global\rightskip\@rightskip          % \rightskip and
+  \global\mathsurround\sv@mathsurround  % \mathsurround.
+  \let\title\relax       \let\author\relax
+  \let\collab\relax      \let\address\relax
+  \let\frontmatter\relax \let\endfrontmatter\relax
+  \let\@maketitle\relax  \let\@@maketitle\relax
+  \normal@text
+}
+\let\maketitle\relax
+\newdimen\t@xtheight
+\t@xtheight\textheight \advance\t@xtheight-\splittopskip
+\def\open@fm{\global\setbox\fm@box=\vbox\bgroup
+  \hsize=\@frontmatterwidth                 % Front matter is page-wide by default
+  \centering                                % and centered
+  \sv@hyphenpenalty\hyphenpenalty           % (save \hyphenpenalty)
+  \hyphenpenalty\@M}                        % and not hyphenated
+\def\close@fm{\egroup                       % close \vbox (\fm@box)
+  \fm@size=\dp\fm@box \advance\fm@size by \ht\fm@box
+  \@whiledim\fm@size>\t@xtheight \do{%
+    \global\setbox\@tempboxa=\vsplit\fm@box to \t@xtheight
+    \unvbox\@tempboxa \newpage
+    \fm@size=\dp\fm@box \advance\fm@size by \ht\fm@box}
+  \if@TwoColumn
+    \emergencystretch=1pc \twocolumn[\unvbox\fm@box]
+  \else
+    \unvbox\fm@box
+  \fi}
+\def\output@glob@notes{\bgroup
+  \the\t@glob@notes
+  \egroup}
+\def\justify@off{\let\\=\@normalcr
+  \leftskip\z@ \@rightskip\@flushglue \rightskip\@rightskip}
+\def\justify@on{\let\\=\@normalcr
+  \leftskip\z@ \@rightskip\z@ \rightskip\@rightskip}
+\def\normal@text{\global\let\\=\@normalcr
+  \global\leftskip\z@ \global\@rightskip\z@ \global\rightskip\@rightskip
+  \global\parfillskip\@flushglue}
+\def\@writecount{\write\@mainaux{\string\global
+  \string\@namedef{n@author@}{\the\n@author}}%
+  \write\@mainaux{\string\global\string
+  \@namedef{n@collab@}{\the\n@collab}}}
+\def\title#1{%
+  \beg@elem
+  \title@note@fmt                      % formatting instruction
+  \add@tok\t@glob@notes                % for \thanks commands
+    {\title@note@fmt}%
+  \proc@elem{title}{#1}%
+  \def\title@notes{\the\t@loc@notes}%  % store the notes of the title,
+  \title@fmt{\@title}{\title@notes}%   % print the title
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\subtitle#1{%
+  \beg@elem
+  \proc@elem{subtitle}{#1}%
+  \def\title@notes{\the\t@loc@notes}%  % store the notes of the title,
+  \subtitle@fmt{\@subtitle}{\title@notes}% print the title
+  \ignorespaces}
+\newdimen \@logoheight \@logoheight 5pc
+\def\@Lhook{\vrule \@height \@logoheight \@width \z@ \vrule \@height 10\p@ \@width 0.2\p@ \vrule \@height 0.2\p@ \@width 10pt}
+\def\@Rhook{\vrule \@height 0.2\p@ \@width 10\p@ \vrule \@height 10\p@ \@width 0.2\p@ \vrule \@height \@logoheight \@width \z@}
+\def\title@fmt#1#2{%
+\@ifundefined{@runtitle}{\global\def\@runtitle{#1}}{}%
+ \vspace*{12pt}             % Vertical space above title
+  {\@titlesize #1\,\hbox{$^{#2}$}\par}%
+  \vskip\@undertitleskip
+\vskip24\p@  % Vertical space below title
+  }
+\def\subtitle@fmt#1#2{%               % No vertical space above sub-title
+  {\@titlesize #1\,\hbox{$^{#2}$}}\par}
+\def\title@note@fmt{\def\thefootnote{\fnstar{footnote}}}
+\def\author{\@ifnextchar[{\author@optarg}{\author@optarg[]}}
+\def\author@optarg[#1]#2{\stepcounter{author}%
+  \beg@elem
+  \add@tok\email@text{\ead@newau}%
+  \add@tok\url@text{\ead@newau}%
+  \@for\@tempa:=#1\do{\expandafter\add@thanksref\expandafter{\@tempa}}%
+  \report@elt{author}\proc@elem{author}{#2}%
+  \ifnum0\n@collab@=\z@ \runningauthor@fmt \fi
+  \author@fmt{\the\c@author}{\the\t@loc@notes}{\@author}%
+}
+\def\runningauthor@fmt{%
+  \begingroup\no@harm
+    \if@firstauthor
+      \ifnum0\n@author@ > 2
+        \global\edef\@runningauthor{\@author\ et al.}%
+      \else
+        \global\let\@runningauthor\@author%
+      \fi
+    \else % \c@author > 1
+      \ifnum0\n@author@ = 2
+        \global\edef\@runningauthor{\@runningauthor\ \& \noexpand\@author}%
+      \fi
+    \fi
+  \endgroup
+}
+\def\author@fmt#1#2#3{\@newelemtrue
+  \if@firstauthor
+  \first@author \global\@firstauthorfalse \fi
+  \ifnum\prev@elem=\e@author \global\@newelemfalse \fi
+  \if@newelem \author@fmt@init \fi
+  \edef\@tempb{#2}\ifx\@tempb\@empty
+    \hbox{{\author@font #3}}\else
+    \hbox{{\author@font #3}\,$^{\mathrm{#2}}$}%
+  \fi}
+\def\first@author{\author@note@fmt
+  \corauth@mark@fmt
+  \add@tok\t@glob@notes
+  {\output@corauth@text
+    \output@ead@text{email}%
+    \output@ead@text{url}%
+    \author@note@fmt}%
+}%
+\def\author@fmt@init{%
+  \par
+  \vskip 8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@
+  \@authorsize
+  \leavevmode}                        % Vertical space above author list
+ \def\and{\unskip~and~}
+\def\collab{\@ifstar{\collab@arg}{\collab@arg}}
+\let\collaboration=\collab
+\def\collab@arg#1{\stepcounter{collab}%
+  \if@firstauthor \first@collab \global\@firstauthorfalse \fi
+  \gdef\@runningauthor{#1}%
+  \beg@elem
+  \proc@elem{collab}{#1}%
+  \collab@fmt{\the\c@collab}{\the\t@loc@notes}{\@collab}%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\collab@fmt#1#2#3{\@newelemtrue
+  \ifnum\prev@elem=\e@collab \global\@newelemfalse \fi
+  \if@newelem \collab@fmt@init \fi
+  \par                                 % Start new paragraph
+  {\large #3\,$^{\mathrm{#2}}$}}
+\def\first@collab{
+  \collab@note@fmt                     % re-define \thefootnote as
+  \add@tok\t@glob@notes                % appropriate for collab/address
+    {\collab@note@fmt}}%
+\def\collab@fmt@init{\vskip 1em}       % Vertical space above list
+\def\author@note@fmt{\setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+  \def\thefootnote{\xarabic{footnote}}}
+\let\collab@note@fmt=\author@note@fmt
+\def\corauth@mark@fmt{\def\thecorauth{\astsymbol{corauth}}}
+\def\output@corauth@text{\def\thefootnote{\astsymbol{footnote}}%
+  \the\corauth@text}
+\def\output@ead@text#1{%
+  \expandafter\add@tok\csname #1@text\endcsname{\ead@endau}%
+  \expandafter\ifcase\csname has@ead@#1\endcsname\else
+  {\let\thefootnote\relax
+    \footnotetext[0]{\raggedright\textit{%
+        \expandafter\ifcase\csname has@ead@#1\endcsname\or
+        \csname #1@name\endcsname\else
+        \csname #1s@name\endcsname\fi
+        : }%
+        \expandafter\the\csname #1@text\endcsname.}}%
+    \fi}
+\def\xarabic#1{%
+  \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\ifnum\expandafter\the\@nameuse{c@#1}<0
+  *\else\arabic{#1} \fi}
+\def\xalph#1{%
+  \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\ifnum\expandafter\the\@nameuse{c@#1}<0
+  *\else\alph{#1} \fi}
+\def\xfnsymbol#1{%
+  \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\ifnum\expandafter\the\@nameuse{c@#1}<0
+  *\else\fnsymbol{#1} \fi}
+\def\address{\@ifstar{\address@star}%
+  {\@ifnextchar[{\address@optarg}{\address@noptarg}}}
+\def\address@optarg[#1]#2{\real@refstepcounter{address}%
+  \beg@elem
+  \report@elt{address}\proc@elem{address}{#2}%
+  \address@fmt{\c@address}{\the\t@loc@notes}{\@address}{#1}%
+  \if@Elproofing\else\label{#1}\fi
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\address@noptarg#1{\real@refstepcounter{address}%
+  \beg@elem
+  \proc@elem{address}{#1}%
+  \address@fmt{\z@}{\the\t@loc@notes}{\@address}{\theaddress}%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\address@star#1{%
+  \beg@elem
+  \proc@elem{address}{#1}%
+  \address@fmt{\m@ne}{\the\t@loc@notes}{\@address}{*}%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\theaddress{\alph{address}}
+\def\address@fmt#1#2#3#4{\@newelemtrue
+  \if@Elproofing\def\@eltag{#4}\else\def\@eltag{\theaddress}\fi
+  \ifnum\prev@elem=\e@address \@newelemfalse \fi
+  \if@newelem \address@fmt@init \fi
+  \noindent \bgroup \@addressstyle
+  \ifnum#1=\z@
+    #3\,$^{\mathrm{#2}}$\space%
+  \else
+    \ifnum#1=\m@ne
+      $^{\phantom{\mathrm{\@eltag}}}$\space #3\,$^{\mathrm{#2}}$%
+    \else
+      $^{\mathrm{\@eltag}}\space$#3\,$^{\mathrm{#2}}$%
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \par \egroup}
+\def\address@fmt@init{%
+  \par                                % Start new paragraph
+   \vskip 6\p@ \@plus 3\p@ \@minus 1.5pt}
+\def\abstract{\@ifnextchar[{\@abstract}{\@abstract[]}}
+\def\@abstract[#1]{%
+  \global\@hasabstracttrue
+  \hyphenpenalty\sv@hyphenpenalty     % restore \hyphenpenalty
+  \global\setbox\t@abstract=\vbox\bgroup
+  \leftskip\z@
+  \@rightskip\z@ \rightskip\@rightskip \parfillskip\@flushglue
+   \small
+  \parindent 1em                      % \parindent in abstract
+  \noindent {\bfseries\abstractname}  % caption `Abstract' (bold)
+  \vskip 0.5\@bls    % half a line of space below
+\noindent\ignorespaces
+}
+ \def\endabstract{\par \egroup}
+\def\keyword{%
+  \global\@haskeywordstrue             % Implies rules are to be printed
+  \hyphenpenalty\sv@hyphenpenalty      % restore \hyphenpenalty
+  \def\sep{\unskip, }                  % separator for multiple keywords
+  \def\MSC{\par\leavevmode\hbox {\it 1991 MSC:\ }}%
+  \def\PACS{\par\leavevmode\hbox {\it PACS:\ }}%
+  \global\setbox\t@keyword=\vbox\bgroup
+  \@keywordsize
+  \parskip\z@
+  \vskip 10\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@       % One line of space above keywords.
+  \noindent\@keywordheading
+  \justify@off                         % Keywords are not justified.
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\endkeyword{\par \egroup}
+\def\runtitle#1{\gdef\@runtitle{#1}}
+\def\runauthor#1{\gdef\@runauthor{#1}}
+\let\@runauthor\relax
+\let\@runtitle\relax
+\let\@runningauthor\relax
+\def\RUNDATE{}
+\def\RUNJNL{}
+\def\RUNART{}
+\def\journal#1{\gdef\@journal{#1}}
+\def\volume#1{\gdef\@volume{#1}}       \def\@volume{0}
+\def\issue#1{\gdef\@issue{#1}}         \def\@issue{0}
+\newcount\@pubyear
+\@pubyear=\number\year
+\def\company#1{\def\@company{#1}}
+\def\@copyrightyear{\number\year}
+\def\@shortenyear#1#2#3#4\\{\global\def\@shortyear{#3#4}}
+\expandafter\@shortenyear\the\@pubyear\\
+\def\pubyear#1{\global\@pubyear#1
+ \expandafter\@shortenyear\the\@pubyear\\%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\copyear#1{%
+  \gdef\@copyrightyear{#1}%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\let\copyrightyear\copyear
+\newcounter{firstpage}
+\newcounter{lastpage}
+\let\ESpagenumber\arabic
+\def\firstpage#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else
+  \setcounter{firstpage}{#1}%
+  \global\c@page=#1 \ignorespaces\fi}
+\setcounter{firstpage}{1}
+\let\realpageref\pageref
+\setcounter{lastpage}{0}
+\def\lastpage#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else
+  \setcounter{lastpage}{#1}\ignorespaces\fi
+  }
+\AtEndDocument{%
+   \clearpage
+   \addtocounter{page}{-1}%
+   \immediate\write\@auxout{%
+   \string\global\string\c@lastpage=\the\c@page}%
+   \addtocounter{page}{1}%
+}
+\def\date#1{\gdef\@date{#1}}                  \def\@date{\today}
+\def\aid#1{}
+\def\ssdi#1#2{}
+\def\received#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@received{#1}\fi}
+  \def\@received{\relax}
+\def\revised#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@revised{#1}\fi}
+  \def\@revised{\relax}
+\def\accepted#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@accepted{#1}\fi}
+  \def\@accepted{\relax}
+\def\communicated#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@communicated{#1}\fi}
+  \def\@communicated{\relax}
+\def\dedicated#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@dedicated{#1}\fi}
+  \def\@dedicated{\relax}
+\def\presented#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@presented{#1}\fi}
+  \def\@presented{\relax}
+\def\articletype#1{\gdef\@articletype{#1}}
+  \@ifundefined{@articletype}{\def\@articletype{}}{}
+\def\received@prefix{Received~}
+\def\revised@prefix{; revised~}
+\def\accepted@prefix{; accepted~}
+\def\communicated@prefix{; communicated~by~}
+\def\history@prefix{}
+\def\received@postfix{}
+\def\revised@postfix{}
+\def\accepted@postfix{}
+\def\communicated@postfix{}
+\def\history@postfix{}
+\def\empty@data{\relax}
+\def\history@fmt{%
+  \bgroup
+  \@historysize
+  \vskip 6\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 1\p@         % Vertical space above history
+  \ifx\@received\empty@data \else       % If there is no \received,
+                                        % do not print anything
+    \leavevmode
+    \history@prefix
+    \received@prefix\@received \received@postfix%
+    \ifx\@revised\empty@data \else
+      \revised@prefix\@revised \revised@postfix%
+    \fi
+    \ifx\@accepted\empty@data \else
+      \accepted@prefix\@accepted \accepted@postfix%
+    \fi
+    \ifx\@communicated\empty@data \else
+      \communicated@prefix\@communicated \communicated@postfix%
+    \fi
+    \history@postfix
+  \fi
+  \par \egroup}
+\def\dedicated@fmt{%
+  \ifx\@dedicated\empty@data \else
+    \vskip 4\p@ \@plus 3\p@
+    \normalsize\it\centering \@dedicated
+    \fi}
+\def\@alph#1{\ifcase#1\or a\or b\or c\or d\or e\or f\or g\or h\or i\or j\or
+k\or \ell\or m\or n\or o\or p\or q\or r\or s\or t\or u\or v\or w\or x\or
+y\or z\or aa\or ab\or ac\or ad\or ae\or af\or ag\or ah\or ai\or aj\or
+ak\or a\ell\or am\or an\or ao\or ap\or aq\or ar\or as\or at\or au\or av\or
+aw\or ay\or az\or ba\or bb\or bc\or bd\or be\or bf\or bg\or bh\or bi\or
+bj\or bk\or b\ell\or bm\or bn\or bo\or bp\or bq\or br\or bs\or bt\or
+bu\or bw\or bx\or by\or bz\or ca\or cb\or cc\or cd\or ce\or cf\or cg\or
+ch\or ci\or cj\or ck\or c\ell\or cm\or cn\or co\or cp\or cq\or cr\or
+cs\or ct\or cu\or cw\or cx\or cy\or cz\or da\or db\or dc\or dd\or de\or df\or dg\or dh\or di\or dj\or dk\or
+d\ell\or dm\or dn\or do\or dp\or dq\or dr\or ds\or dt\or du\or dw\or
+dx\or dy\or dz\or ea\or eb\or ec\or ed\or ee\or ef\or eg\or eh\or
+ei\or ej\or ek\or e\ell\or em\or en\or eo\or ep\or eq\or er\or es\or
+et\or eu\or ew\or ex\or ey\or ez\else\@ctrerr\fi}
+\def\fnstar#1{\@fnstar{\@nameuse{c@#1}}}
+\def\@fnstar#1{\ifcase#1\or
+    \hbox{$\star$}\or
+    \hbox{$\star\star$}\or
+    \hbox{$\star\star\star$}\or
+    \hbox{$\star\star\star\star$}\or
+    \hbox{$\star\star\star\star\star$}\or
+    \hbox{$\star\star\star\star\star\star$}
+  \else
+    \@ctrerr
+  \fi
+  \relax}
+\def\astsymbol#1{\@astsymbol{\@nameuse{c@#1}}}
+\def\@astsymbol#1{\ifcase#1\or
+    \hbox{$\ast$}\or
+    \hbox{$\ast\ast$}\or
+    \hbox{$\ast\ast\ast$}\or
+    \hbox{$\ast\ast\ast\ast$}\or
+    \hbox{$\ast\ast\ast\ast\ast$}\or
+    \hbox{$\ast\ast\ast\ast\ast\ast$}%
+  \else
+    \@ctrerr
+  \fi
+  \relax}
+\mark{{}{}}   % Initializes TeX's marks
+\def\ps@plain{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \def\@oddhead{}%
+ \def\@evenhead{}%
+ \def\@oddfoot{\hfil {\rmfamily\thepage} \hfil}%
+ \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}
+\def\@copyright{\@issn/\@shortyear/\$\@price\ $\copyright$\ \the\@pubyear\
+  \@company{} All  rights reserved}
+\def\@jou@vol@pag{\@journal\ \@volume\ (\the\@pubyear)\ \@pagerange}
+\def\sectionmark#1{}
+\def\subsectionmark#1{}
+\let\@j@v@p\@jou@vol@pag    % long journal title appears in reprint line
+\let\@@j@v@p\@jou@vol@pag   % long journal title appears in running headline
+\def\sectionmark#1{}
+\def\subsectionmark#1{}
+\def\ps@copyright{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+  \def\@oddhead{}%
+  \let\@evenhead\@oddhead
+  \def\@oddfoot{\small\slshape
+    \def\@tempa{0}
+    \ifx\@volume\@tempa
+      Preprint submitted to \@journal\hfil\@date\/%
+    \else
+      Article published in \@jou@vol@pag\hfil\hbox{}\fi}%
+  \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot
+}
+\let\ps@noissn\ps@empty
+\let\ps@headings\ps@plain
+\def\today{\number\day\space\ifcase\month\or
+  January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+  July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+  \space\number\year}
+\def\nuc#1#2{\relax\ifmmode{}^{#1}{\protect\text{#2}}\else${}^{#1}$#2\fi}
+\def\itnuc#1#2{\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{\scriptsize\it #1}
+  \def\@tempa{{}^{\box\@tempboxa}\!\protect\text{\it #2}}\relax
+  \ifmmode \@tempa \else $\@tempa$\fi}
+\let\old@vec\vec % save old definition of \vec
+\def\pol#1{\old@vec{#1}}
+\def\half{{\textstyle\frac{1}{2}}}
+\def\threehalf{{\textstyle\frac{3}{2}}}
+\def\quart{{\textstyle\frac{1}{4}}}
+\if@symbold\else\def\d{\,\mathrm{d}}\fi
+\def\e{\mathop{\mathrm{e}}\nolimits}
+\def\int{\intop}
+\def\oint{\ointop}
+\newbox\slashbox \setbox\slashbox=\hbox{$/$}
+\newbox\Slashbox \setbox\Slashbox=\hbox{\large$/$}
+\def\pFMslash#1{\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{$#1$}
+  \@tempdima=0.5\wd\slashbox \advance\@tempdima 0.5\wd\@tempboxa
+  \copy\slashbox \kern-\@tempdima \box\@tempboxa}
+\def\pFMSlash#1{\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{$#1$}
+  \@tempdima=0.5\wd\Slashbox \advance\@tempdima 0.5\wd\@tempboxa
+  \copy\Slashbox \kern-\@tempdima \box\@tempboxa}
+\def\FMslash{\protect\pFMslash}
+\def\FMSlash{\protect\pFMSlash}
+  \def\Cset{\mathbb{C}}
+  \def\Hset{\mathbb{H}}
+  \def\Nset{\mathbb{N}}
+  \def\Qset{\mathbb{Q}}
+  \def\Rset{\mathbb{R}}
+  \def\Zset{\mathbb{Z}}
+\if@TwoColumn
+  \adjdemerits=100
+  \linepenalty=100
+  \doublehyphendemerits=5000        % experimental (1993-12-14)
+  \emergencystretch=1.6pc
+  \spaceskip=0.3em \@plus 0.17em \@minus 0.12em
+\fi
+\@frontmatterwidth\textwidth
+\ps@headings                                % 'headings' page style
+\pagenumbering{arabic}                      % Arabic page numbers
+\def\thepage{\@pagenumprefix\ESpagenumber{page}}  % preceded by \@pagenumprefix
+\let\baselinestretch\@blstr
+\InputIfFileExists{\@shortjid.cfg}{}{}
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `elsart.cls'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/elsevier/elsart.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/elsevier/elsart.sty
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..53676d244ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/elsevier/elsart.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,913 @@
+% Document-style collection for journals published by Elsevier Science. 
+% To be used with LaTeX version 2.09 of 14 January 1992 (or later) 
+%
+% Version: 2.23
+% Date:    4 July 1995
+%
+% Copyright (C) 1994 by Elsevier Science. All rights reserved.
+%
+% IMPORTANT NOTICE:
+%
+% You are not allowed to change this file. You may however copy this file 
+% to a file with a different name and then change the copy. 
+% 
+% You are NOT ALLOWED to distribute this file alone. You are NOT ALLOWED 
+% to take money for the distribution or use of this file (or a changed 
+% version) except for a nominal charge for copying etc. 
+% 
+% You are allowed to distribute this file under the condition that it is 
+% distributed together with all files mentioned in readme.els. 
+% 
+% If you receive only some of these files from someone, complain! 
+% 
+%
+\def\esp@fileversion{2.23}
+\def\esp@filedate{4 July 1995}
+\def\@shortjnl{\@nil}
+\def\@@shortjnl{\@nil}
+\def\@journal{Elsevier Science}
+\def\@issn{0}
+\def\@jid{ELSART} \def\@shortjid{elsart}
+\typeout{Elsevier Science preprint document style
+\esp@fileversion \space\space <\esp@filedate>}
+\def\partname{Part}
+\def\contentsname{Contents}
+\def\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\def\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\def\refname{References}
+\def\indexname{Index}
+\def\figurename{Fig.}
+\def\tablename{Table}
+\def\abstractname{Abstract}
+\def\@ptsize{2}
+\def\ds@twoside{\@twosidetrue
+                \@mparswitchtrue}
+\def\ds@oneside{\@twosidefalse
+                \@mparswitchfalse}
+\@twocolumnfalse
+\newif\if@TwoColumn
+\def\ds@onecolumn{\@twocolumnfalse
+                  \@TwoColumnfalse}
+\def\ds@twocolumn{\@twocolumnfalse
+                  \@TwoColumntrue}
+\@TwoColumnfalse
+\@twosidefalse
+\@namedef{ds@10pt}{}
+\@namedef{ds@11pt}{}
+\def\ds@fleqn{}
+\def\@pagenumprefix{}
+\newif\if@draft \@draftfalse
+\def\query{}
+\def\ds@draft{%
+\@drafttrue
+\def\query{\marginpar{???}}%
+\overfullrule 5pt}
+\let\snm\relax \let\cty\relax \let\cny\relax
+\newif\if@seceqn
+\@seceqnfalse
+\def\ds@seceqn{\@seceqntrue}
+\newif\if@secthm
+\@secthmfalse
+\def\ds@secthm{\@secthmtrue}
+\newif\if@secfloat
+\@secfloatfalse
+\def\ds@secfloat{\@secfloattrue}
+\def\ds@secnum{\@seceqntrue \@secfloattrue \@secthmtrue}%
+\newif\if@nameyear
+\@nameyearfalse
+\def\ds@nameyear{\@nameyeartrue}
+\newif\if@nfss
+\@ifundefined{selectfont}{\@nfssfalse}{\@nfsstrue}
+\@options
+\input \@shortjid1\@ptsize.sty\relax
+\def\left@label#1{{#1}\hss}
+\def\right@label#1{\hss\llap{#1}}
+\def\thick@label#1{\hspace\labelsep #1}
+\newcount\@maxlistdepth
+\@maxlistdepth=2
+\def\labelitemi{--}
+\def\labelitemii{$\cdot$}
+\def\labelenumi{(\theenumi)}        \def\theenumi{\roman{enumi}}
+\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}      \def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
+	\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\def\enumerate{%
+  \ifnum \@enumdepth >\@maxlistdepth
+    \@toodeep
+  \else
+    \advance\@enumdepth \@ne
+    \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth}%
+    \list{\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}%
+       {\usecounter{\@enumctr}
+       \let\makelabel=\right@label}
+  \fi}
+\def\itemize{%
+  \ifnum \@itemdepth >\@maxlistdepth
+    \@toodeep
+  \else
+    \advance\@itemdepth \@ne
+    \edef\@itemitem{labelitem\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth}%
+    \setleftmargin{i}{--}%
+    \setleftmargin{ii}{$\cdot$}%
+    \list{\csname\@itemitem\endcsname}%
+       {\let\makelabel\right@label}
+  \fi}
+\def\verse{\let\\=\@centercr
+  \list{}{\itemsep\z@
+  \itemindent \z@
+  \listparindent\z@
+  \rightmargin 1em
+  \leftmargin \rightmargin}\item[]}
+\let\endverse\endlist
+\def\quotation{\list{}{\itemindent\z@
+  \leftmargin 1em \rightmargin \z@
+  \parsep 0pt plus 1pt}\item[]}
+\let\endquotation=\endlist
+\def\quote{\list{}{\itemindent\z@
+  \leftmargin 1em \rightmargin\z@}\item[]}
+\let\endquote=\endlist
+\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep \bf #1}
+\def\description{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+  \leftmargin 1em \itemindent-\leftmargin
+  \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}
+\let\enddescription\endlist
+\def\operatorname#1{\mathop{\mathrm{#1}}\nolimits}
+\def\lefteqn#1{\hbox to\z@{$\displaystyle {#1}$\hss}}
+\newskip\eqnbaselineskip
+\jot=2pt
+\newskip\eqnlineskip
+\eqnbaselineskip=14pt  \eqnlineskip=2pt
+\newdimen\mathindent
+\if@TwoColumn
+  \mathindent 0em
+\else
+  \mathindent 2em
+\fi
+\def\[{\relax\ifmmode\@badmath
+  \else%
+  \@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty
+  \@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
+  \begin{trivlist}\@topsep \eqntopsep
+   \@topsepadd \eqntopsep
+  \item[]\leavevmode
+  \hbox to\linewidth\bgroup$ \displaystyle
+  \hskip\mathindent\bgroup\fi}
+\def\]{\relax\ifmmode \egroup $\hfil \egroup
+  \end{trivlist}%
+  \addvspace{-\parskip}%
+  \else \@badmath \fi
+}
+\def\equation{\@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty
+  \@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
+\refstepcounter{equation}\trivlist
+   \@topsep \eqntopsep
+   \@topsepadd \eqntopsep
+   \item[]\leavevmode
+  \hbox to\linewidth\bgroup $ \displaystyle \hskip\mathindent\bgroup}
+\def\endequation{\egroup$\hfil \displaywidth\linewidth
+  \@eqnnum\egroup \endtrivlist \addvspace{-\parskip}%
+}
+\def\eqnarray{%
+  \parskip \z@
+  \par
+  \noindent
+  \baselineskip\eqnbaselineskip\lineskip\eqnlineskip
+  \lineskiplimit\eqnlineskip
+  \stepcounter{equation}%
+  \let\@currentlabel=\theequation
+  \global\@eqnswtrue
+  \global\@eqcnt\z@ \tabskip\mathindent \let\\=\@eqncr
+  \abovedisplayskip\eqntopsep\ifvmode\advance\abovedisplayskip\partopsep\fi
+  \belowdisplayskip\abovedisplayskip
+  \belowdisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+  \abovedisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+  $$\halign to \displaywidth\bgroup\@eqnsel
+    \pre@coli$\displaystyle\tabskip\z@{##}$\post@coli
+    &\global\@eqcnt\@ne
+    \pre@colii$\displaystyle{##}$\post@colii
+    &\global\@eqcnt\tw@
+    \pre@coliii $\displaystyle\tabskip\z@{##}$\post@coliii
+    \tabskip\@centering&\llap{##}\tabskip\z@\cr}
+\def\endeqnarray{\@@eqncr\egroup
+ \global\advance\c@equation\m@ne$$\global\@ignoretrue }
+\def\pre@coli{\hskip\@centering}              \def\post@coli{}
+\def\pre@colii{\hskip 2\eqnarraycolsep \hfil} \def\post@colii{\hfil}
+\def\pre@coliii{\hskip 2\eqnarraycolsep}      \def\post@coliii{\hfil}
+\arraycolsep 2pt
+\tabcolsep 6pt
+\def\arraystretch{1.5}
+\arrayrulewidth 0.4pt
+\doublerulesep 2pt
+\tabbingsep \labelsep
+\skip\@mpfootins = 6pt plus 2pt
+\fboxsep = 7pt
+\fboxrule = 0.4pt
+\newcounter{part}
+\newcounter{section}
+\newcounter{subsection}[section]
+\newcounter{subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter{paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter{subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\def\thepart {\Roman{part}}
+\newcounter{table}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\if@seceqn
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}
+ \def\theequation{\arabic{section}.\arabic{equation}}
+\else
+ \def\theequation{\arabic{equation}}
+\fi
+\if@secfloat
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}
+ \def\thetable{\arabic{section}.\arabic{table}}
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}
+ \def\thefigure{\arabic{section}.\arabic{figure}}
+\else
+ \def\thefigure{\arabic{figure}}
+ \def\thetable{\arabic{table}}
+\fi
+\def\thesection      {\arabic{section}}
+\def\thesubsection   {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
+\def\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\arabic{subsubsection}}
+\def\theparagraph    {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
+\def\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}
+\def\qed{\relax\ifmmode\hskip2em \Box\else\unskip\nobreak\hskip1em $\Box$\fi}
+\let\proof@headerfont\bf
+\ifx\normalshape\undefined
+  \gdef\normalshape{\rm}
+\fi
+\newenvironment{pf}%
+  {\par\addvspace{\@bls plus 0.5\@bls minus 0.1\@bls}\noindent
+   {\bf\proofname}\enspace\ignorespaces}%
+  {\par\addvspace{\@bls plus 0.5\@bls minus 0.1\@bls}}
+\def\proofname{Proof.}
+\@namedef{pf*}#1{\par\begingroup\def\proofname{#1}\pf\endgroup\ignorespaces}
+\expandafter\let\csname endpf*\endcsname=\endpf
+\if@secthm
+ \newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}[section]
+\else
+ \newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}
+\fi
+\newtheorem{cor}[thm]{Corollary}
+\newtheorem{lem}[thm]{Lemma}
+\newtheorem{claim}[thm]{Claim}
+\newtheorem{axiom}[thm]{Axiom}
+\newtheorem{conj}[thm]{Conjecture}
+\newtheorem{fact}[thm]{Fact}
+\newtheorem{hypo}[thm]{Hypothesis}
+\newtheorem{assum}[thm]{Assumption}
+\newtheorem{prop}[thm]{Proposition}
+\newtheorem{crit}[thm]{Criterion}
+\newtheorem{defn}[thm]{Definition}
+\newtheorem{exmp}[thm]{Example}
+\newtheorem{rem}[thm]{Remark}
+\newtheorem{prob}[thm]{Problem}
+\newtheorem{prin}[thm]{Principle}
+\newtheorem{alg}{Algorithm}
+\long\def\@makealgocaption#1#2{\vskip 2ex \small
+  \hbox to \hsize{\parbox[t]{\hsize}{{\bf #1.} #2}}}
+\newcounter{algorithm}
+\def\thealgorithm{\@arabic\c@algorithm}
+\def\fps@algorithm{tbp}
+\def\ftype@algorithm{4}
+\def\ext@algorithm{lof}
+\def\fnum@algorithm{Algorithm \thealgorithm}
+\def\algorithm{\let\@makecaption\@makealgocaption\@float{algorithm}}
+\let\endalgorithm\end@float
+\newtheorem{note}{Note}
+\newtheorem{summ}{Summary}
+\newtheorem{case}{Case}
+\def\@pnumwidth{2.55em}
+\def\@tocrmarg{2.55em plus 5em}
+\def\@dotsep{-2.5}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
+\def\tableofcontents{%
+  \section*{\contentsname}%
+  \@starttoc{toc}}
+\def\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{0.0em}{1.40em}}
+\def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.40em}{2.24em}}
+\def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{2.24em}{3.09em}}
+\def\thebibliography{%
+  \@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}{20pt plus 8pt minus 4pt}
+  {\@bls}{\normalsize\bf}*{\refname}%
+  \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\refname}%
+  \@thebibliography}
+\let\endthebibliography=\endlist
+\def\@thebibliography#1{
+  \small
+  \list{\@biblabel{\arabic{enumiv}}}{\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}
+  \if@nameyear
+    \labelwidth\z@ \labelsep\z@ \leftmargin\parindent
+    \itemindent-\parindent
+  \else
+    \labelsep 3pt \itemindent\z@
+    \leftmargin\labelwidth \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+\fi
+    \itemsep 0.3\@bls plus 0.1\@bls minus 0.1\@bls
+    \usecounter{enumiv}\let\p@enumiv\@empty
+    \def\theenumiv{\arabic{enumiv}}}%
+    \def\newblock{\hskip 0.11em plus 0.33em minus -0.07em}
+    \tolerance\@M \hyphenpenalty\@M \hbadness5000 \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}
+\if@nameyear
+  \def\@biblabel#1{}
+\else
+  \def\@biblabel#1{\hskip \z@ plus 1filll[#1]}
+\fi
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+  {\@ifundefined
+   {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bf ?}\@warning
+   {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+  {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+   \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne
+    \@citea\def\@citea{,}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+   \else
+    \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+    \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+    \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo
+    \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else\@citea\def\@citea{,}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+  {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else \def\@citea{--}\fi
+   \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+\@namedef{cv*}{\section*{Curriculum Vitae}\cv}
+\def\cv{\hangindent=7pc \hangafter=-12 \parskip\bigskipamount \small}
+\def\footnote{\@ifnextchar[{\@xfootnote}{\refstepcounter
+   {\@mpfn}\xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfn}\@footnotemark\@footnotetext}}
+\def\footnotemark{\@ifnextchar[{\@xfootnotemark
+    }{\refstepcounter{footnote}\xdef\@thefnmark{\thefootnote}\@footnotemark}}
+\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@
+  \hrule width 3pc
+  \kern 2.6\p@}
+\def\thempfootnote{\alph{mpfootnote}}
+\def\mpfootnotemark{%
+  \@ifnextchar[{\@xmpfootnotemark}{\stepcounter{mpfootnote}%
+  \begingroup
+    \let\protect\noexpand
+    \xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfootnote}%
+  \endgroup
+  \@footnotemark}}
+\def\@xmpfootnotemark[#1]{%
+  \begingroup
+    \c@mpfootnote #1\relax
+    \let\protect\noexpand
+    \xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfootnote}%
+  \endgroup
+  \@footnotemark}
+\def\@mpmakefnmark{\,\hbox{$^{\mathrm{\@thefnmark}}$}}
+\long\def\@mpmakefntext#1{\noindent
+                     \hbox{$^{\mathrm{\@thefnmark}}$} #1}
+\def\@iminipage[#1]#2{\leavevmode
+  \@pboxswfalse
+  \if #1b\vbox
+  \else \if #1t\vtop
+  \else \ifmmode \vcenter
+  \else \@pboxswtrue $\vcenter
+  \fi \fi \fi
+  \bgroup \hsize #2\textwidth\hsize \columnwidth\hsize
+  \@parboxrestore
+  \def\@mpfn{mpfootnote}\def\thempfn{\thempfootnote}\c@mpfootnote\z@
+  \let\@footnotetext\@mpfootnotetext
+  \let\@makefntext\@mpmakefntext
+  \let\@makefnmark\@mpmakefnmark
+  \let\@listdepth\@mplistdepth \@mplistdepth\z@
+  \@minipagerestore\global\@minipagetrue
+  \everypar{\global\@minipagefalse\everypar{}}}
+\def\fn@presym{}
+\long\def\@makefntext#1{\noindent\hbox to 1em
+  {\hfil$^{\fn@presym\mathrm{\@thefnmark}}$}\,#1}
+\def\@makefnmark{\,\hbox{$^{\fn@presym\mathrm{\@thefnmark}}$}\,}
+\setcounter{topnumber}{5}
+\def\topfraction{0.99}
+\def\textfraction{0.05}
+\def\floatpagefraction{0.9}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{5}
+\def\bottomfraction{0.99}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{10}
+\def\dbltopfraction{0.99}
+\def\dblfloatpagefraction{0.8}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{5}
+\newbox\@tempboxb
+\long\def\@maketablecaption#1#2{\small
+  \hbox to \hsize{\parbox[t]{\hsize}{#1 \\ #2}}}
+\long\def\@makefigurecaption#1#2{\small
+  \vskip 8pt
+  \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1. #2}
+  \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+    \unhbox\@tempboxa\par
+  \else
+    \hbox to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+  \fi}
+\def\conttablecaption{\par \begingroup \@parboxrestore \normalsize
+  \@makecaption{\fnum@table\,---\,continued}{}\par
+  \vskip-1pc \endgroup}
+\def\contfigurecaption{\vskip-1pc \par \begingroup \@parboxrestore \normalsize
+  \@makecaption{\fnum@figure\,---\,continued}{}\par
+  \endgroup}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\def\figure{\let\@makecaption\@makefigurecaption
+  \let\contcaption\contfigurecaption \@float{figure}}
+\let\endfigure\end@float
+\@namedef{figure*}{\let\@makecaption\@makefigurecaption
+  \let\contcaption\contfigurecaption \@dblfloat{figure}}
+\@namedef{endfigure*}{\end@dblfloat}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\def\table{\let\@makecaption\@maketablecaption \small
+  \let\footnoterule\relax
+  \let\contcaption\conttablecaption \@float{table}}
+\let\endtable\end@float
+\@namedef{table*}{\let\@makecaption\@maketablecaption \small
+  \let\footnoterule\relax
+  \let\contcaption\conttablecaption \@dblfloat{table}}
+\@namedef{endtable*}{\end@dblfloat}
+\newtoks\t@glob@notes
+\newtoks\t@loc@notes
+\newcount\note@cnt
+\newcounter{author}
+\newcount\n@author
+\def\n@author@{}
+\newcounter{collab}
+\newcount\n@collab
+\def\n@collab@{}
+\newcounter{address}
+\newdimen\sv@mathsurround
+\newcount\sv@hyphenpenalty
+\newcount\prev@elem \prev@elem=0
+\newcount\cur@elem  \cur@elem=0
+\chardef\e@title=1
+\chardef\e@subtitle=1
+\chardef\e@author=2
+\chardef\e@collab=3
+\chardef\e@address=4
+\newif\if@newelem
+\newif\if@firstauthor
+\newif\if@preface
+\newif\if@hasabstract
+\newbox\fm@box
+\newdimen\fm@size
+\newbox\t@abstract
+\newbox\t@keyword
+\let\report@elt\@gobble
+\def\add@tok#1#2{\global#1\expandafter{\the#1#2}}
+\def\add@xtok#1#2{\begingroup
+  \no@harm
+  \xdef\@act{\global\noexpand#1{\the#1#2}}\@act
+\endgroup}
+\def\beg@elem{\global\t@loc@notes={}\global\note@cnt\z@}
+\def\@xnamedef#1{\expandafter\xdef\csname #1\endcsname}
+\def\no@harm{%
+  \let\\=\relax  \let\rm\relax
+  \let\ss=\relax \let\ae=\relax \let\oe=\relax
+  \let\AE=\relax \let\OE=\relax
+  \let\o=\relax  \let\O=\relax
+  \let\i=\relax  \let\j=\relax
+  \let\aa=\relax \let\AA=\relax
+  \let\l=\relax  \let\L=\relax
+  \let\d=\relax  \let\b=\relax \let\c=\relax
+  \let\bar=\relax
+  \def\protect{\noexpand\protect\noexpand}}
+\def\proc@elem#1#2{\begingroup
+    \no@harm
+    \let\thanksref\@gobble
+    \@xnamedef{@#1}{#2}%
+  \endgroup
+  \prev@elem=\cur@elem
+  \cur@elem=\csname e@#1\endcsname
+  \expandafter\elem@nothanksref#2\thanksref\relax}
+\def\elem@nothanksref#1\thanksref{\futurelet\@peektok\elem@thanksref}
+\def\elem@thanksref{\ifx\@peektok\relax
+  \else \expandafter\elem@morethanksref \fi}
+\def\elem@morethanksref#1{\add@thanksref{#1}\elem@nothanksref}
+\def\add@thanksref#1{\global\advance\note@cnt\@ne
+  \ifnum\note@cnt>\@ne \add@xtok\t@loc@notes{\note@sep}\fi
+  \add@tok\t@loc@notes{\ref{#1}}}
+\def\note@sep{,}
+\def\thanks{\@ifnextchar[{\@tempswatrue
+  \thanks@optarg}{\@tempswafalse\thanks@optarg[]}}
+\def\thanks@optarg[#1]#2{\refstepcounter{footnote}\if@tempswa
+  \label{#1}\else\relax\fi
+  \add@tok\t@glob@notes{\footnotetext}%
+  \add@xtok\t@glob@notes{[\the\c@footnote]}%
+  \add@tok\t@glob@notes{{#2}}}
+\def\frontmatter{%
+  \let\@corresp@note\relax
+  \global\t@glob@notes={}\global\c@author\z@
+  \global\c@collab\z@ \global\c@address\z@
+  \sv@mathsurround\mathsurround \m@th
+  \global\n@author=0\n@author@\relax
+  \global\n@collab=0\n@collab@\relax
+  \global\advance\n@author\m@ne
+  \global\advance\n@collab\m@ne
+  \global\@firstauthortrue
+  \global\@hasabstractfalse
+  \global\@prefacefalse
+  \@ifundefined{RIfM@}{}{\undo@AMS}%
+  \parskip 4\p@
+  \open@fm \ignorespaces}
+\def\preface{\@prefacetrue}
+\def\endfrontmatter{\global\n@author=\c@author
+  \global\n@collab=\c@collab \@writecount
+  \global\@topnum\z@
+  \ifx\@firstpage\@lastpage
+    \gdef\@pagerange{\@pagenumprefix\@firstpage}
+  \else
+    \gdef\@pagerange{\@pagenumprefix\@firstpage--\@pagenumprefix\@lastpage}
+  \fi
+  \thispagestyle{copyright}%
+  \if@preface \else
+  \history@fmt
+  \newcount\c@sv@footnote
+  \global\c@sv@footnote=\c@footnote
+  \if@hasabstract
+    \vskip 24pt plus 6pt minus 3pt
+    \hrule height 0.4pt
+    \vskip 8pt
+    \unvbox\t@abstract
+    \unvbox\t@keyword
+    \vskip 10pt
+    \hrule height 0.4pt
+  \fi
+  \dedicated@fmt
+  \vskip 18pt
+  \fi
+  \close@fm
+  \output@glob@notes
+  \global\c@footnote=\c@sv@footnote
+  \global\@prefacefalse
+  \global\leftskip\z@
+  \global\@rightskip\z@
+  \global\rightskip\@rightskip
+  \global\mathsurround\sv@mathsurround
+  \let\title\relax       \let\author\relax
+  \let\collab\relax      \let\address\relax
+  \let\frontmatter\relax \let\endfrontmatter\relax
+  \let\@maketitle\relax  \let\@@maketitle\relax
+  \normal@text}
+\let\maketitle\relax
+\newdimen\t@xtheight
+\splittopskip=\topskip \splitmaxdepth=\maxdepth
+\t@xtheight\textheight \advance\t@xtheight-\splittopskip
+\def\open@fm{\global\setbox\fm@box=\vbox\bgroup
+  \hsize=\textwidth
+  \centering
+  \sv@hyphenpenalty\hyphenpenalty
+  \hyphenpenalty\@M}
+\def\close@fm{\egroup
+  \fm@size=\dp\fm@box \advance\fm@size by \ht\fm@box
+  \@whiledim\fm@size>\t@xtheight \do{%
+    \global\setbox\@tempboxa=\vsplit\fm@box to \t@xtheight
+    \unvbox\@tempboxa \newpage
+    \fm@size=\dp\fm@box \advance\fm@size by \ht\fm@box}
+  \if@TwoColumn
+    \twocolumn[\unvbox\fm@box] \@TwoColumnParms
+  \else
+    \unvbox\fm@box
+  \fi}
+\def\output@glob@notes{\bgroup
+  \the\t@glob@notes
+  \egroup}
+\def\justify@off{\let\\=\@normalcr
+  \leftskip\z@ \@rightskip\@flushglue \rightskip\@rightskip}
+\def\justify@on{\let\\=\@normalcr
+  \leftskip\z@ \@rightskip\z@ \rightskip\@rightskip}
+\def\normal@text{\global\let\\=\@normalcr
+  \global\leftskip\z@ \global\@rightskip\z@ \global\rightskip\@rightskip
+  \global\parfillskip\@flushglue}
+\def\@writecount{\write\@mainaux{\string\global
+  \string\@namedef{n@author@}{\the\n@author}}%
+  \write\@mainaux{\string\global\string
+  \@namedef{n@collab@}{\the\n@collab}}}
+\def\title{\@ifnextchar[{\@@title}{\@@title[]}}
+\def\@@title[#1]#2{%
+  \beg@elem
+  \title@note@fmt
+  \add@tok\t@glob@notes
+    {\title@note@fmt}%
+  \proc@elem{title}{#2}%
+  \def\title@notes{\the\t@loc@notes}%
+  \title@fmt{\@title}{\title@notes}%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\subtitle#1{%
+  \beg@elem
+  \proc@elem{subtitle}{#1}%
+  \def\title@notes{\the\t@loc@notes}%
+  \subtitle@fmt{\@subtitle}{\title@notes}%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\newdimen \@logoheight \@logoheight 5pc
+\newdimen \@logowidth
+\@logowidth 30mm
+\def\title@fmt#1#2{%
+  \vspace*{12pt}
+  {\Large #1\,\hbox{$^{#2}$}\par}%
+  \vskip 24pt
+  }
+\def\subtitle@fmt#1#2{%
+  {\Large #1\,\hbox{$^{#2}$}\par}}
+\def\title@note@fmt{\def\thefootnote{\fnstar{footnote}}}
+\def\author{\@ifnextchar[{\author@optarg}{\author@optarg[]}}
+\def\author@optarg[#1]#2{\stepcounter{author}%
+  \beg@elem
+  \@for\@tempa:=#1\do{\expandafter\add@thanksref\expandafter{\@tempa}}%
+  \report@elt{author}\proc@elem{author}{#2}%
+  \author@fmt{\the\c@author}{\the\t@loc@notes}{\@author}}%
+\def\author@fmt#1#2#3{\@newelemtrue
+  \if@firstauthor
+  \first@author \global\@firstauthorfalse \fi
+  \ifnum\prev@elem=\e@author \global\@newelemfalse \fi
+  \if@newelem \author@fmt@init \fi
+  \edef\@tempb{#2}\ifx\@tempb\@empty
+    \hbox{#3}\else
+    \hbox{#3\,$^{\mathrm{#2}}$}%
+  \fi}
+\def\first@author{\author@note@fmt
+  \add@tok\t@glob@notes
+    {\author@note@fmt\@corresp@note}}%
+\def\author@fmt@init{%
+  \par
+  \vskip 8pt plus 4pt minus 2pt
+  \large
+  \leavevmode}
+\def\and{\unskip~and~}
+\def\collab{\@ifstar{\collab@arg}{\collab@arg}}
+\let\collaboration=\collab
+\def\collab@arg#1{\stepcounter{collab}%
+  \if@firstauthor \first@collab \global\@firstauthorfalse \fi
+  \beg@elem
+  \proc@elem{collab}{#1}%
+  \collab@fmt{\the\c@collab}{\the\t@loc@notes}{\@collab}%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\collab@fmt#1#2#3{\@newelemtrue
+  \ifnum\prev@elem=\e@collab \global\@newelemfalse \fi
+  \if@newelem \collab@fmt@init \fi
+  \par
+  {\large #3\,$^{\mathrm{#2}}$}}
+\def\first@collab{
+  \collab@note@fmt
+  \add@tok\t@glob@notes{\collab@note@fmt\@corresp@note}}%
+\def\collab@fmt@init{\vskip 1em}
+\def\author@note@fmt{\setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+  \def\thefootnote{\xarabic{footnote}}}
+\let\collab@note@fmt=\author@note@fmt
+\def\xarabic#1{%
+  \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\ifnum\expandafter\the\@nameuse{c@#1}<0
+  *\else\arabic{#1} \fi}
+\def\address{\@ifstar{\address@star}%
+  {\@ifnextchar[{\address@optarg}{\address@noptarg}}}
+\def\address@optarg[#1]#2{\refstepcounter{address}%
+  \beg@elem
+  \report@elt{address}\proc@elem{address}{#2}%
+  \address@fmt{\the\c@address}{\the\t@loc@notes}{\@address}\label{#1}%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\address@noptarg#1{\refstepcounter{address}%
+  \beg@elem
+  \proc@elem{address}{#1}%
+  \address@fmt{\z@}{\the\t@loc@notes}{\@address}%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\address@star#1{%
+  \beg@elem
+  \proc@elem{address}{#1}%
+  \address@fmt{\m@ne}{\the\t@loc@notes}{\@address}%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\theaddress{\alph{address}}
+\def\address@fmt#1#2#3{\@newelemtrue
+  \ifnum\prev@elem=\e@address \@newelemfalse \fi
+  \if@newelem \address@fmt@init \fi
+  \noindent \bgroup \small\it
+  \ifnum#1=\z@
+    #3\,$^{\mathrm{#2}}$\space%
+  \else
+    \ifnum#1=\m@ne
+      $^{\phantom{\mathrm{\theaddress}}}$\space #3\,$^{\mathrm{#2}}$%
+    \else
+      $^{\mathrm{\theaddress}}$\space #3\,$^{\mathrm{#2}}$%
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \par \egroup}
+\def\address@fmt@init{%
+  \par
+  \vskip 6pt plus 3pt minus 1.5pt}
+\def\abstract{\@ifnextchar[{\@abstract}{\@abstract[]}}
+\def\@abstract[#1]{%
+  \global\@hasabstracttrue
+  \hyphenpenalty\sv@hyphenpenalty
+  \global\setbox\t@abstract=\vbox\bgroup
+  \leftskip\z@
+  \@rightskip\z@ \rightskip\@rightskip \parfillskip\@flushglue
+  \small
+  \parindent 1em
+  \noindent {\bf\abstractname}
+  \vskip 0.5\@bls
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\endabstract{\par \egroup}
+\def\keyword#1{%
+  \global\@hasabstracttrue
+  \hyphenpenalty\sv@hyphenpenalty
+  \def\sep{\unskip; }
+  \def\MSC{\par\leavevmode\hbox {\it 1991 MSC:\ }}%
+  \def\PACS{\par\leavevmode\hbox {\it PACS:\ }}%
+  \def\JEL{\par\leavevmode\hbox {\it JEL classification:\ }}%
+  \def\UK{\par\leavevmode\hbox {\it Keywords:\ }}%
+  \let\CK\relax
+  \global\setbox\t@keyword=\vbox\bgroup
+  \small
+  \parskip\z@
+  \vskip 10pt plus 2pt minus 2pt
+  \noindent
+  \justify@off
+  \UK #1%
+}
+\def\endkeyword{\par \egroup}
+\def\journal#1{\gdef\@journal{#1}}
+\def\volume#1{\gdef\@volume{#1}}       \def\@volume{0}
+\def\issue#1{\gdef\@issue{#1}}         \def\@issue{0}
+\newcount\@pubyear
+\newcount\@copyear
+\@pubyear=\number\year
+\@copyear\@pubyear \advance\@copyear-1900
+\def\pubyear#1{\global\@pubyear#1
+  \global\@copyear\@pubyear \global\advance\@copyear-1900
+  \ignorespaces}
+\def\firstpage#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else
+  \gdef\@firstpage{#1}\gdef\@lastpage{#1}%
+  \global\c@page=#1 \ignorespaces\fi
+  }
+\def\@firstpage{1}
+\def\lastpage#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else
+  \gdef\@lastpage{#1}\ignorespaces\fi}
+\def\@lastpage{0}
+\def\@pagerange{1--0}
+\def\date#1{\gdef\@date{#1}}                  \def\@date{\today}
+\def\aid#1{}
+\def\ssdi#1#2{}
+\def\received#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@received{#1}\fi}
+  \def\@received{\@nil}
+\def\revised#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@revised{#1}\fi}
+  \def\@revised{\@nil}
+\def\accepted#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@accepted{#1}\fi}
+  \def\@accepted{\@nil}
+\def\communicated#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@communicated{#1}\fi}
+  \def\@communicated{\@nil}
+\def\dedicated#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@dedicated{#1}\fi}
+  \def\@dedicated{\@nil}
+\def\presented#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\gdef\@presented{#1}\fi}
+  \def\@presented{\@nil}
+\def\articletype#1{\gdef\@articletype{#1}}
+  \@ifundefined{@articletype}{\def\@articletype{}}{}
+\def\received@prefix{Received~}
+\def\revised@prefix{; revised~}
+\def\accepted@prefix{; accepted~}
+\def\communicated@prefix{\\Communicated~by~}
+\def\history@prefix{}
+\def\received@postfix{}
+\def\revised@postfix{}
+\def\accepted@postfix{}
+\def\communicated@postfix{}
+\def\history@postfix{}
+\def\empty@data{\@nil}
+\def\history@fmt{%
+  \bgroup
+  \small
+  \vskip 6pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
+  \ifx\@received\empty@data \else
+    \leavevmode
+    \history@prefix
+    \received@prefix\@received \received@postfix%
+    \ifx\@revised\empty@data \else
+      \revised@prefix\@revised \revised@postfix%
+    \fi
+    \ifx\@accepted\empty@data \else
+      \accepted@prefix\@accepted \accepted@postfix%
+    \fi
+    \ifx\@communicated\empty@data \else
+      \communicated@prefix\@communicated \communicated@postfix%
+    \fi
+    \history@postfix
+  \fi
+  \par \egroup}
+\def\dedicated@fmt{%
+  \ifx\@dedicated\empty@data \else
+    \vskip 4pt plus 3pt
+    \normalsize\it\centering \@dedicated
+    \fi}
+\def\@ialph#1{\ifcase#1\or \or \or \or \or e\or f\or g\or h\or i\or j\or
+  k\or \protect\text{$\ell$}\or m\or n\or o\or p\or q\or r\or s\or t\or u\or v\or w\or x\or
+  y\or z\or aa\or ab\or ac\or ad\or ae\or af\or ag\or ah\or ai\or aj\or
+  ak\or a\protect\text{$\ell$}\or am\or an\or ao\or ap\or aq\or ar\or as\or at\or au\or av\or
+  aw\or ay\or az\or ba\or bb\or bc\or bd\or be\or bf\or bg\or bh\or bi\or
+  bj\or bk\or b\protect\text{$\ell$}\or bm\or bn\or bo\or bp\or bq\or br\or bs\or bt\or
+  bu\or bw\or bx\or by\or bz\or ca\or cb\or cc\or cd\or ce\or cf\or cg\or
+  ch\or ci\or cj\or ck\or c\protect\text{$\ell$}\or cm\or cn\or co\or cp\or cq\or cr\or
+  cs\or ct\or cu\or cw\or cx\or cy\or cz\else\@ctrerr\fi}
+\def\fnstar#1{\@fnstar{\@nameuse{c@#1}}}
+\def\@fnstar#1{\ifcase#1\or
+    \hbox{$\star$}\or
+    \hbox{$\star\star$}\or
+    \hbox{$\star\star\star$}\or
+    \hbox{$\star\star\star\star$}\or
+    \hbox{$\star\star\star\star\star$}\or
+    \hbox{$\star\star\star\star\star\star$}
+  \else
+    \@ctrerr
+  \fi
+  \relax}
+\mark{{}{}}
+\def\ps@plain{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \def\@oddhead{}%
+ \def\@evenhead{}%
+ \def\@oddfoot{\hfil {\rm\thepage} \hfil}%
+ \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}
+\def\@copyright{\@issn/\the\@copyear/\$\@price\ $\copyright$\ \the\@pubyear\
+  Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved}
+\def\@jou@vol@pag{\@journal\ \@volume\ (\the\@pubyear)\ \@pagerange}
+\let\@j@v@p\@jou@vol@pag
+\let\@@j@v@p\@jou@vol@pag
+\def\sectionmark#1{}
+\def\subsectionmark#1{}
+\def\ps@copyright{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+  \def\@oddhead{}%
+  \let\@evenhead\@oddhead
+  \def\@oddfoot{\small\sl
+    \def\@tempa{0}
+    \ifx\@volume\@tempa
+      Preprint submitted to \@journal\hfil\@date\/%
+    \else
+      Article published in \@jou@vol@pag\hfil\hbox{}\fi}%
+  \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot
+}
+\let\ps@noissn\ps@empty
+\let\ps@headings\ps@plain
+\def\today{\number\day\space\ifcase\month\or
+  January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+  July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+  \space\number\year}
+\if@nfss \relax \else
+  \def\mathrm#1{{\rm #1}}
+\fi
+\def\nuc#1#2{\relax\ifmmode{}^{#1}{\protect\text{#2}}\else${}^{#1}$#2\fi}
+\def\itnuc#1#2{\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{\scriptsize\it #1}
+  \def\@tempa{{}^{\box\@tempboxa}\!\protect\text{\it #2}}\relax
+  \ifmmode \@tempa \else $\@tempa$\fi}
+\let\old@vec\vec
+\def\pol#1{\old@vec{#1}}
+\def\@bfvec#1{\boldsymbol{#1}}
+\def\@pmbfvec#1{\pmb{#1}}
+\def\undo@AMS{\global\let\vec\@bfvec}
+\def\half{{\textstyle {1\over2}}}
+\def\threehalf{{\textstyle {3\over2}}}
+\def\quart{{\textstyle {1\over4}}}
+\def\d{\,\mathrm{d}}
+\def\e{\mathop{\mathrm{e}}\nolimits}
+\def\int{\intop}
+\def\oint{\ointop}
+\newbox\slashbox \setbox\slashbox=\hbox{$/$}
+\newbox\Slashbox \setbox\Slashbox=\hbox{\large$/$}
+\def\pFMslash#1{\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{$#1$}
+  \@tempdima=0.5\wd\slashbox \advance\@tempdima 0.5\wd\@tempboxa
+  \copy\slashbox \kern-\@tempdima \box\@tempboxa}
+\def\pFMSlash#1{\setbox\@tempboxa=\hbox{$#1$}
+  \@tempdima=0.5\wd\Slashbox \advance\@tempdima 0.5\wd\@tempboxa
+  \copy\Slashbox \kern-\@tempdima \box\@tempboxa}
+\def\FMslash{\protect\pFMslash}
+\def\FMSlash{\protect\pFMSlash}
+\mathchardef\Gamma="0000
+\mathchardef\Delta="0001
+\mathchardef\Theta="0002
+\mathchardef\Lambda="0003
+\mathchardef\Xi="0004
+\mathchardef\Pi="0005
+\mathchardef\Sigma="0006
+\mathchardef\Upsilon="0007
+\mathchardef\Phi="0008
+\mathchardef\Psi="0009
+\mathchardef\Omega="000A
+\mathchardef\varGamma="0100
+\mathchardef\varDelta="0101
+\mathchardef\varTheta="0102
+\mathchardef\varLambda="0103
+\mathchardef\varXi="0104
+\mathchardef\varPi="0105
+\mathchardef\varSigma="0106
+\mathchardef\varUpsilon="0107
+\mathchardef\varPhi="0108
+\mathchardef\varPsi="0109
+\mathchardef\varOmega="010A
+\if@nfss
+  \def\Cset{\Bbb{C}}
+  \def\Hset{\Bbb{H}}
+  \def\Nset{\Bbb{N}}
+  \def\Qset{\Bbb{Q}}
+  \def\Rset{\Bbb{R}}
+  \def\Zset{\Bbb{Z}}
+\fi
+\ps@headings
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\def\thepage{\@pagenumprefix\arabic{page}}
+\endinput
+
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/elsevier/elsart12.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/elsevier/elsart12.sty
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5448f928d5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/elsevier/elsart12.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+% Document-style collection for journals published by Elsevier Science. 
+% To be used with LaTeX version 2.09 of 14 January 1992 (or later) 
+%
+% Version: 2.23
+% Date:    4 July 1995
+%
+% Copyright (C) 1994 by Elsevier Science. All rights reserved.
+%
+% IMPORTANT NOTICE:
+%
+% You are not allowed to change this file. You may however copy this file 
+% to a file with a different name and then change the copy. 
+% 
+% You are NOT ALLOWED to distribute this file alone. You are NOT ALLOWED 
+% to take money for the distribution or use of this file (or a changed 
+% version) except for a nominal charge for copying etc. 
+% 
+% You are allowed to distribute this file under the condition that it is 
+% distributed together with all files mentioned in readme.els. 
+% 
+% If you receive only some of these files from someone, complain! 
+% 
+%
+\lineskip 1pt
+\normallineskip 1pt
+\def\baselinestretch{1}
+\frenchspacing
+\def\@normalsize{\@setsize\normalsize{14.5pt}\xiipt\@xiipt
+\abovedisplayskip 12\p@ plus 2\p@ minus 2\p@%
+\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus 2\p@%
+\belowdisplayshortskip 3.5\p@ plus 2\p@ minus 2\p@
+\let\@listi\@listI}
+\def\small{\@setsize\small{13.6pt}\xipt\@xipt
+\abovedisplayskip 11\p@ plus3\p@ minus6\p@
+\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+\abovedisplayshortskip  \z@ plus3\p@
+\belowdisplayshortskip  6.5\p@ plus3.5\p@ minus3\p@
+\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 4.5\p@ plus2\p@ minus\p@ \itemsep \parsep
+            \topsep 9\p@ plus3\p@ minus5\p@}}
+\let\footnotesize=\small
+\def\scriptsize{\@setsize\scriptsize{9.5pt}\viiipt\@viiipt}
+\def\tiny{\@setsize\tiny{7pt}\vipt\@vipt}
+\def\large{\@setsize\large{18pt}\xivpt\@xivpt}
+\def\Large{\@setsize\Large{22pt}\xviipt\@xviipt}
+\def\LARGE{\@setsize\LARGE{22pt}\xxpt\@xxpt}
+\def\huge{\@setsize\huge{27pt}\xxvpt\@xxvpt}
+\let\Huge=\huge
+\def\baselinestretch{1}
+\@normalsize
+\newdimen\@bls
+\@bls=\baselineskip
+\if@twoside
+   \oddsidemargin   20pt
+   \evensidemargin  20pt
+   \marginparwidth  10pt
+\else
+   \oddsidemargin   20pt
+   \evensidemargin  20pt
+   \marginparwidth   2pc
+\fi
+\marginparsep 20pt
+\headheight  0pt
+\headsep     0pt
+\footskip 40pt
+\bigskipamount=\@bls plus 0.3\@bls minus 0.3\@bls
+\medskipamount=0.5\bigskipamount
+\smallskipamount=0.25\bigskipamount
+\textheight 44\baselineskip
+\advance\textheight\topskip
+\textwidth 33pc
+\columnsep 2pc
+\columnseprule 0pt
+\footnotesep 8.4pt
+\skip\footins 12pt plus  8pt
+\floatsep         8pt plus 4pt minus 2pt
+\textfloatsep     8pt plus 4pt minus 2pt
+\intextsep        8pt plus 4pt minus 2pt
+\@maxsep         20pt
+\dblfloatsep      8pt plus 4pt minus 4pt
+\dbltextfloatsep 12pt plus 4pt minus 4pt
+\@dblmaxsep      20pt
+\@fptop 0pt plus 1fil
+\@fpsep 8pt plus 2fil
+\@fpbot 0pt plus 1fil
+\@dblfptop 0pt plus 1fil
+\@dblfpsep 8pt plus 2fil
+\@dblfpbot 0pt plus 1fil
+\marginparpush 5pt
+\parskip 1pc plus 1pt
+\parindent \z@
+\newskip\eqntopsep
+\eqntopsep 12pt plus 2\p@ minus 2\p@
+\newdimen\eqnarraycolsep
+\eqnarraycolsep 1pt
+\@lowpenalty   51
+\@medpenalty  151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty   -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty     -\@lowpenalty
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}{1.5\@bls
+  plus .4\@bls minus .1\@bls}{\@bls}{\normalsize\bf}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{\@bls
+  plus .3\@bls minus .1\@bls}{\@bls}{\normalsize\it}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}{\@bls
+  plus .2\@bls}{0.0001pt}{\normalsize\it}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}{3.25ex plus
+  2ex minus 0.2ex}{-1em}{\normalsize\bf}}
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\def\half@em{\hskip 0.5em}
+\def\lb@part{PART \thepart.\half@em}
+  \def\lb@empty@part{PART \thepart}
+\def\lb@section{\thesection.\half@em}
+  \def\lb@empty@section{\thesection}
+\def\lb@subsection{\thesubsection.\half@em}
+  \def\lb@empty@subsection{\thesubsection}
+\def\lb@subsubsection{\thesubsubsection.\half@em}
+  \def\lb@empty@subsubsection{\thesubsubsection}
+\def\lb@paragraph{\theparagraph.\half@em}
+  \def\lb@empty@paragraph{\theparagraph}
+\def\lb@subparagraph{\thesubparagraph.\half@em}
+  \def\lb@empty@subparagraph{\thesubparagraph}
+\def\head@style{\interlinepenalty\@M
+  \hyphenpenalty\@M \exhyphenpenalty\@M
+  \rightskip 0pt plus 0.5\hsize \relax}
+\def\app@number#1{\setcounter{#1}{0}%
+  \@addtoreset{#1}{section}%
+  \@namedef{the#1}{\thesection.\arabic{#1}}}
+\def\appendix{\@ifstar{\appendix@star}{\appendix@nostar}}
+\def\appendix@nostar{%
+  \def\lb@section{Appendix \thesection.\half@em}
+  \def\lb@empty@section{Appendix \thesection}
+  \setcounter{section}{0}\def\thesection{\Alph{section}}%
+  \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+  \setcounter{subsubsection}{0}%
+  \setcounter{paragraph}{0}%
+  \app@number{equation}\app@number{figure}\app@number{table}}
+\def\appendix@star{%
+  \def\lb@section{Appendix}\let\lb@empty@section\lb@section
+  \setcounter{section}{0}\def\thesection{\Alph{section}}%
+  \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+  \setcounter{subsubsection}{0}%
+  \setcounter{paragraph}{0}%
+  \app@number{equation}\app@number{figure}\app@number{table}}
+\def\ack{\section*{Acknowledgements}%
+  \addtocontents{toc}{\protect\vspace{6pt}}%
+  \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Acknowledgement}}
+\@namedef{ack*}{\par\vskip 3.0ex plus 1.0ex minus 1.0ex}
+\let\endack\par
+\@namedef{endack*}{\par}
+\newdimen\labelwidthi
+\newdimen\labelwidthii
+\newdimen\labelwidthiii
+\newdimen\labelwidthiv
+\def\normal@labelsep{0.5em}
+\labelsep\normal@labelsep
+\settowidth{\labelwidthi}{(iii)}
+\settowidth{\labelwidthii}{(d)}
+\settowidth{\labelwidthiii}{(iii)}
+\settowidth{\labelwidthiv}{(M)}
+\leftmargini\labelwidthi    \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
+\leftmarginii\labelwidthii  \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
+\leftmarginii\labelwidthiii \advance\leftmarginiii\labelsep
+\leftmarginii\labelwidthiv  \advance\leftmarginiv\labelsep
+\def\setleftmargin#1#2{\settowidth{\@tempdima}{#2}\labelsep\normal@labelsep
+  \csname labelwidth#1\endcsname\@tempdima
+  \@tempdimb\@tempdima \advance\@tempdimb\labelsep
+  \csname leftmargin#1\endcsname\@tempdimb}
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+  \labelwidth\labelwidthi \labelsep\normal@labelsep
+  \topsep \z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
+  \listparindent 1em}
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+  \labelwidth\labelwidthii \labelsep\normal@labelsep
+  \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
+  \listparindent 1em}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+  \labelwidth\labelwidthiii \labelsep\normal@labelsep
+  \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
+  \listparindent 1em}
+\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+  \labelwidth\labelwidthiv \labelsep\normal@labelsep
+  \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
+  \listparindent 1em}
+\let\@listi\@listI
+\@listi
+\endinput
+
+
+
+