amslatex package amscls update from latex-tds (27aug06)

git-svn-id: svn://tug.org/texlive/trunk@2048 c570f23f-e606-0410-a88d-b1316a301751

16 files changed, 12080 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsart.cls b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsart.cls
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6161f65c164
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsart.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1922 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `amsart.cls',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% amsclass.dtx  (with options: `amsart,classes')
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @LaTeX-file{
+%%%   filename  = "amsclass.dtx",
+%%%   version   = "2.20",
+%%%   date      = "2004/08/06",
+%%%   time      = "13:03:53 EDT",
+%%%   checksum  = "53558 5204 20497 185872",
+%%%   author    = "American Mathematical Society",
+%%%   copyright = "Copyright 1995, 1999, 2004
+%%%                American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                all rights reserved.  Copying of this file is
+%%%                authorized only if either:
+%%%                (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy,
+%%%                including name; OR
+%%%                (2) if you do make changes, you first rename it
+%%%                to some other name.",
+%%%   address   = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                Technical Support,
+%%%                Publications Technical Group,
+%%%                201 Charles Street,
+%%%                Providence, RI 02904,
+%%%                USA",
+%%%   telephone = "401-455-4080 or (in the USA and Canada)
+%%%                800-321-4AMS (321-4267)",
+%%%   FAX       = "401-331-3842",
+%%%   email     = "tech-support@ams.org (Internet)",
+%%%   codetable = "ISO/ASCII",
+%%%   keywords  = "latex, AMS, documentclass, theorem",
+%%%   supported = "yes",
+%%%   abstract  = "This is the source for the amsthm package and three
+%%%                AMS document classes: amsart, amsproc, and amsbook.
+%%%                They are designed for use with LaTeX.",
+%%%   docstring = "The checksum field above contains a CRC-16 checksum
+%%%                as the first value, followed by the equivalent of
+%%%                the standard UNIX wc (word count) utility output of
+%%%                lines, words, and characters.  This is produced by
+%%%                Robert Solovay's checksum utility.",
+%%% }
+%%% ====================================================================
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}% LaTeX 2.09 can't be used (nor non-LaTeX)
+[1995/06/01]% LaTeX date must be June 1995 or later
+\ProvidesClass{amsart}[2004/08/06 v2.20]
+\global\expandafter\let\csname ver@amsthm.sty\expandafter\endcsname
+  \csname ver@\@currname.\@currext\endcsname
+\let\@xp=\expandafter
+\let\@nx=\noexpand
+\def\@oparg#1[#2]{\@ifnextchar[{#1}{#1[#2]}}
+\long\def\@ifempty#1{\@xifempty#1@@..\@nil}
+\long\def\@xifempty#1#2@#3#4#5\@nil{%
+  \ifx#3#4\@xp\@firstoftwo\else\@xp\@secondoftwo\fi}
+\long\def\@ifnotempty#1{\@ifempty{#1}{}}
+\def\setboxz@h{\setbox\z@\hbox}
+\def\@addpunct#1{%
+  \relax\ifhmode
+    \ifnum\spacefactor>\@m \else#1\fi
+  \fi}
+\def\nopunct{\spacefactor 1007 }
+\def\frenchspacing{\sfcode`\.1006\sfcode`\?1005\sfcode`\!1004%
+  \sfcode`\:1003\sfcode`\;1002\sfcode`\,1001 }
+\def\@tempa#1#2\@nil{\edef\@classname{#1}}
+\expandafter\@tempa\@currnamestack{}{}{}\@nil
+\ifx\@classname\@empty \edef\@classname{\@currname}\fi
+\def\@True{00}
+\def\@False{01}
+\newcommand\newswitch[2][False]{%
+  \expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname ?@#2\endcsname{%
+    \global\expandafter\let\csname ?@#2\expandafter\endcsname
+      \csname @#1\endcsname
+  }%
+}
+\newcommand{\setFalse}[1]{%
+  \expandafter\let\csname ?@#1\endcsname\@False
+}
+\newcommand{\setTrue}[1]{%
+  \expandafter\let\csname ?@#1\endcsname\@True
+}
+\newswitch{}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\except}[1]{%
+  \if\csname ?@#1\endcsname \expandafter\@gobble
+  \else \expandafter\@firstofone
+  \fi
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\for}[1]{%
+  \if\csname ?@#1\endcsname \expandafter\@firstofone
+  \else \expandafter\@gobble
+  \fi
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\forany}[1]{%
+  \csname for@any@01\endcsname#1,?,\@nil
+}
+\@namedef{for@any@\@False}#1,{%
+  \csname for@any@%
+    \csname ?@\zap@space#1 \@empty\endcsname
+  \endcsname
+}
+\@namedef{?@?}{x}
+\@namedef{for@any@\@True}#1\@nil#2{#2}
+\def\for@any@x{\@car\@gobble}
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}{\paperheight 297mm\paperwidth 210mm
+  \textheight 54.5pc }
+\DeclareOption{letterpaper}{\paperheight 11in\paperwidth 8.5in }
+\DeclareOption{landscape}{\@tempdima\paperheight
+  \paperheight\paperwidth \paperwidth\@tempdima}
+\DeclareOption{portrait}{}
+\DeclareOption{oneside}{\@twosidefalse \@mparswitchfalse}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue  \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\overfullrule5\p@
+  \ClassWarningNoLine{\@classname}{%
+    When the draft option is used, the
+      \protect\includegraphics\MessageBreak
+    command will print blank placeholder boxes\MessageBreak
+    for the graphics}%
+}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\overfullrule\z@ }
+\def\dateposted#1{\def\@dateposted{#1}}%
+\let\@dateposted\@empty
+\def\@setdateposted{%
+  \newline Article electronically published on \@dateposted}
+\def\article@logo{%
+  \set@logo{%
+    \publname
+    \ifx\@empty\currentvolume
+    \else \newline\volinfo, \pageinfo
+    \fi
+    \newline \@PII
+    \ifx\@empty\@dateposted \else \@setdateposted\fi
+  }%
+}
+\def\eonly@logo{%
+  \set@logo{%
+    \publname
+    \newline\volinfo, \pageinfo
+    \ifx\@empty\@dateposted \else \@setdateposted\fi
+    \newline \@PII
+  }%
+}
+\def\@logofont{\fontsize{6}{7\p@}\selectfont}
+\long\def\set@logo#1{%
+  \vbox to\headheight{%
+    \@parboxrestore \@logofont
+    \noindent#1\par\vss
+  }%
+}
+\DeclareOption{e-only}{%
+  \def\volinfo{Volume \currentvolume}%
+  \dateposted{Xxxx XX, XXXX}%
+  \def\@setdateposted{\ (\@dateposted)}%
+  \let\article@logo\eonly@logo
+}
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\DeclareOption{titlepage}{\@titlepagetrue}
+\DeclareOption{notitlepage}{\@titlepagefalse}
+\DeclareOption{onecolumn}{\@twocolumnfalse}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{nomath}{}
+\DeclareOption{noamsfonts}{}
+\DeclareOption{psamsfonts}{%
+  \PassOptionsToPackage{psamsfonts}{amsfonts}%
+  \PassOptionsToPackage{cmex10}{amsmath}}
+\newif\iftagsleft@
+\DeclareOption{leqno}{%
+  \tagsleft@true \PassOptionsToPackage{leqno}{amsmath}}
+\DeclareOption{reqno}{%
+  \tagsleft@false \PassOptionsToPackage{reqno}{amsmath}}
+\newif\ifctagsplit@
+\DeclareOption{centertags}{%
+  \ctagsplit@true \PassOptionsToPackage{centertags}{amsmath}}
+\DeclareOption{tbtags}{%
+  \ctagsplit@false \PassOptionsToPackage{tbtags}{amsmath}}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{}%
+\newcommand{\@mainsize}{10}
+\newcommand{\@ptsize}{0}
+\newcommand{\larger}[1][1]{%
+  \count@\@currsizeindex \advance\count@#1\relax
+  \ifnum\count@<\z@ \count@\z@ \else\ifnum\count@>12 \count@12 \fi\fi
+  \ifcase\count@
+    \Tiny\or\Tiny\or\tiny\or\SMALL\or\Small\or\small
+    \or\normalsize
+    \or\large\or\Large\or\LARGE\or\huge\or\Huge\else\Huge
+  \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\smaller}[1][1]{\larger[-#1]}
+\def\@adjustvertspacing{%
+  \bigskipamount.7\baselineskip plus.7\baselineskip
+  \medskipamount\bigskipamount \divide\medskipamount\tw@
+  \smallskipamount\medskipamount \divide\smallskipamount\tw@
+  \abovedisplayskip\medskipamount
+  \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+  \abovedisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+  \advance\abovedisplayshortskip-1\abovedisplayskip
+  \belowdisplayshortskip\abovedisplayshortskip
+  \advance\belowdisplayshortskip 1\smallskipamount
+  \jot\baselineskip \divide\jot 4 \relax
+}
+\renewcommand\normalsize{\@xsetfontsize\normalsize 6%
+  \@adjustvertspacing \let\@listi\@listI}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\Tiny}{\@xsetfontsize\Tiny 1}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\tiny}{\@xsetfontsize\tiny 2}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\SMALL}{\@xsetfontsize\SMALL 3}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\Small}{\@xsetfontsize\Small 4%
+  \@adjustvertspacing
+  \def\@listi{\topsep\smallskipamount \parsep\z@skip \itemsep\z@skip
+    \leftmargin=\leftmargini
+    \labelwidth=\leftmargini \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+  }%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\small}{\@xsetfontsize\small 5\@adjustvertspacing}
+\def\footnotesize{\Small}
+\def\scriptsize{\SMALL}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\large}{\@xsetfontsize\large 7\@adjustvertspacing}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\Large}{\@xsetfontsize\Large 8\@adjustvertspacing}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\LARGE}{\@xsetfontsize\LARGE 9}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\huge}{\@xsetfontsize\huge{10}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\Huge}{\@xsetfontsize\Huge{11}}
+\def\@xsetfontsize#1#2{%
+  \chardef\@currsizeindex#2\relax
+  \edef\@tempa{\@nx\@setfontsize\@nx#1%
+    \@xp\ifcase\@xp\@currsizeindex\@typesizes
+      \else{99}{99}\fi}%
+  \@tempa
+}
+\chardef\@currsizeindex=6
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\brokenpenalty=10000
+\newdimen\linespacing
+\lineskip=1pt \lineskiplimit=1pt
+\normallineskip=1pt \normallineskiplimit=1pt
+\let\baselinestretch=\@empty
+\headheight=8pt \headsep=14pt
+\footskip=12pt
+\textheight=50.5pc \topskip=10pt
+\textwidth=30pc
+\columnsep=10pt \columnseprule=0pt
+\marginparwidth=90pt
+\marginparsep=11pt
+\marginparpush=5pt
+\AtBeginDocument{\settoheight{\footnotesep}{\footnotesize M$^1$}}
+\skip\footins=7pt plus11pt
+\skip\@mpfootins=\skip\footins
+\fboxsep=3pt \fboxrule=.4pt
+\arrayrulewidth=.4pt    \doublerulesep=2pt
+\labelsep=5pt           \arraycolsep=\labelsep
+\tabcolsep=\labelsep    \tabbingsep=\labelsep
+\floatsep=15pt plus 12pt    \dblfloatsep=15pt plus 12pt
+\textfloatsep=\floatsep  \dbltextfloatsep=15pt plus 12pt
+\intextsep=\floatsep
+\@fptop=0pt plus1fil     \@dblfptop=0pt plus1fil
+\@fpbot=0pt plus1fil     \@dblfpbot=0pt plus1fil
+\@fpsep=8pt plus2fil     \@dblfpsep=8pt plus2fil\relax
+\parskip=0pt \relax
+\newdimen\normalparindent
+\normalparindent=12pt
+\parindent=\normalparindent
+\partopsep=0pt \relax \parsep=0pt \relax \itemsep=0pt \relax
+\@lowpenalty=51         \@medpenalty=151        \@highpenalty=301
+\@beginparpenalty=-\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty=-\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty=-\@lowpenalty
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\def\@mainsize{10}\def\@ptsize{0}%
+  \def\@typesizes{%
+    \or{5}{6}\or{6}{7}\or{7}{8}\or{8}{10}\or{9}{11}%
+    \or{10}{12}% normalsize
+    \or{\@xipt}{13}\or{\@xiipt}{14}\or{\@xivpt}{17}%
+    \or{\@xviipt}{20}\or{\@xxpt}{24}}%
+  \normalsize \linespacing=\baselineskip
+}
+\DeclareOption{11pt}{\def\@mainsize{11}\def\@ptsize{1}%
+  \def\@typesizes{%
+    \or{6}{7}\or{7}{8}\or{8}{10}\or{9}{11}\or{10}{12}%
+    \or{\@xipt}{13}% normalsize
+    \or{\@xiipt}{14}\or{\@xivpt}{17}\or{\@xviipt}{20}%
+    \or{\@xxpt}{24}\or{\@xxvpt}{30}}%
+  \normalsize \linespacing=\baselineskip
+}
+\DeclareOption{12pt}{\def\@mainsize{12}\def\@ptsize{2}%
+  \def\@typesizes{%
+    \or{7}{8}\or{8}{10}\or{9}{11}\or{10}{12}\or{\@xipt}{13}%
+    \or{\@xiipt}{14}% normalsize
+    \or{\@xivpt}{17}\or{\@xviipt}{20}\or{\@xxpt}{24}%
+    \or{\@xxvpt}{30}\or{\@xxvpt}{30}}%
+  \normalsize \linespacing=\baselineskip
+}
+\DeclareOption{8pt}{\def\@mainsize{8}\def\@ptsize{8}%
+  \def\@typesizes{%
+    \or{5}{6}\or{5}{6}\or{5}{6}\or{6}{7}\or{7}{8}%
+    \or{8}{10}% normalsize
+    \or{9}{11}\or{10}{12}\or{\@xipt}{13}%
+    \or{\@xiipt}{14}\or{\@xivpt}{17}}%
+  \normalsize \linespacing=\baselineskip
+}
+\DeclareOption{9pt}{\def\@mainsize{9}\def\@ptsize{9}%
+  \def\@typesizes{%
+    \or{5}{6}\or{5}{6}\or{6}{7}\or{7}{8}\or{8}{10}%
+    \or{9}{11}% normalsize
+    \or{10}{12}\or{\@xipt}{13}\or{\@xiipt}{14}%
+    \or{\@xivpt}{17}\or{\@xviipt}{20}}%
+  \normalsize \linespacing=\baselineskip
+}
+\def\ps@empty{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+  \let\@oddhead\@empty \let\@evenhead\@empty
+  \let\@oddfoot\@empty \let\@evenfoot\@empty
+  \global\topskip\normaltopskip}
+\def\ps@plain{\ps@empty
+  \def\@oddfoot{\normalfont\scriptsize \hfil\thepage\hfil}%
+  \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}
+\newswitch{runhead}
+\def\ps@headings{\ps@empty
+  \def\@evenhead{%
+    \setTrue{runhead}%
+    \normalfont\scriptsize
+    \rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+    \def\thanks{\protect\thanks@warning}%
+    \leftmark{}{}\hfil}%
+  \def\@oddhead{%
+    \setTrue{runhead}%
+    \normalfont\scriptsize \hfil
+    \def\thanks{\protect\thanks@warning}%
+    \rightmark{}{}\hfil \llap{\thepage}}%
+  \let\@mkboth\markboth
+}
+\let\sectionname\@empty
+\let\subsectionname\@empty
+\let\subsubsectionname\@empty
+\let\paragraphname\@empty
+\let\subparagraphname\@empty
+\def\leftmark{\expandafter\@firstoftwo\topmark{}{}}
+\def\rightmark{\expandafter\@secondoftwo\botmark{}{}}
+\def\ps@firstpage{\ps@plain
+  \def\@oddfoot{\normalfont\scriptsize \hfil\thepage\hfil
+     \global\topskip\normaltopskip}%
+  \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot
+  \def\@oddhead{\@serieslogo\hss}%
+  \let\@evenhead\@oddhead % in case an article starts on a left-hand page
+}
+\long\def\@nilgobble#1\@nil{}
+\def\markboth#1#2{%
+  \begingroup
+    \@temptokena{{#1}{#2}}\xdef\@themark{\the\@temptokena}%
+    \mark{\the\@temptokena}%
+  \endgroup
+  \if@nobreak\ifvmode\nobreak\fi\fi}
+\def\ps@myheadings{\ps@headings \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo}
+\newskip\normaltopskip
+\normaltopskip=10pt \relax
+\let\sectionmark\@gobble
+\let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+\let\subsubsectionmark\@gobble
+\let\paragraphmark\@gobble
+
+\DeclareOption{makeidx}{}
+\ExecuteOptions{leqno,centertags,letterpaper,portrait,%
+  10pt,twoside,onecolumn,final}
+\ProcessOptions\relax
+\if@compatibility
+  \def\@tempa{\RequirePackage{amstex}\relax}%
+\else
+  \@ifclasswith{\@classname}{nomath}{%
+    \let\@tempa\relax
+  }{%
+    \def\@tempa{\RequirePackage{amsmath}\relax}%
+  }%
+\fi
+\@tempa % load amstex.sty or amsmath.sty
+\@ifundefined{numberwithin}{%
+  \newcommand{\numberwithin}[3][\arabic]{%
+    \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@nocounterr{#2}}{%
+      \@ifundefined{c@#3}{\@nocnterr{#3}}{%
+        \@addtoreset{#2}{#3}%
+        \@xp\xdef\csname the#2\endcsname{%
+          \@xp\@nx\csname the#3\endcsname .\@nx#1{#2}}}}%
+  }
+  \csname newtoks\endcsname\@emptytoks
+}{}
+\if@compatibility
+\else
+  \@ifclasswith{\@classname}{noamsfonts}{%
+    % amsfonts package is not wanted
+  }{%
+    % amsfonts package IS wanted; test whether a recent enough version
+    % seems to be installed
+    \begingroup \fontencoding{U}\fontfamily{msa}\try@load@fontshape\endgroup
+    \global\@xp\let\csname U+msa\endcsname\relax % reset
+    \@ifundefined{U/msa/m/n}{%
+      \ClassError{\@classname}{%
+  Package `amsfonts' not installed, or version too old?\MessageBreak
+  Unable to get font info for the `msam' fonts in the expected form%
+      }{%
+  The amsfonts package will not be loaded, to avoid probable\MessageBreak
+  incompatibility problems. You can (a) use the `noamsfonts'
+      documentclass\MessageBreak
+  option next time, or (b) check that the amsfonts package is
+      installed\MessageBreak
+  correctly, and is not too old to be compatible.%
+      }%
+    }{%
+      \RequirePackage{amsfonts}[1995/01/01]\relax
+    }%
+  }
+\fi % end yesamsfonts branch
+\let\cleardouble@page\cleardoublepage
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \ifx\cleardouble@page\cleardoublepage
+    \def\cleardoublepage{\clearpage{\pagestyle{empty}\cleardouble@page}}
+  \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\uppercasenonmath}[1]{\toks@\@emptytoks
+  \@xp\@skipmath\@xp\@empty#1$$%
+  \edef#1{{\@nx\protect\@nx\@upprep\the\toks@}}%
+}
+\newcommand{\@upprep}{%
+  \spaceskip1.3\fontdimen2\font plus1.3\fontdimen3\font
+  \upchars@}
+\newcommand{\upchars@}{%
+  \def\ss{SS}\def\i{I}\def\j{J}\def\ae{\AE}\def\oe{\OE}%
+  \def\o{\O}\def\aa{\AA}\def\l{\L}\def\Mc{M{\scshape c}}}
+\providecommand{\Mc}{Mc}
+\newcommand{\@skipmath}{}
+\long\def\@skipmath#1$#2${%
+  \@xskipmath#1\(\)%
+  \@ifnotempty{#2}{\toks@\@xp{\the\toks@$#2$}\@skipmath\@empty}}%
+\newcommand{\@xskipmath}{}
+\long\def\@xskipmath#1\(#2\){%
+  \uppercase{\toks@\@xp\@xp\@xp{\@xp\the\@xp\toks@#1}}%
+  \@ifnotempty{#2}{\toks@\@xp{\the\toks@\(#2\)}\@xskipmath\@empty}}%
+\def\altucnm#1{%
+  \MakeTextUppercase{\toks@{#1}}%
+  \edef#1{\the\toks@}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \@ifundefined{MakeTextUppercase}{}{\let\uppercasenonmath\altucnm}%
+}
+\@ifundefined{MakeUppercase}{\let\MakeUppercase\uppercase}{}%
+\newcommand{\today}{%
+  \relax\ifcase\month\or
+  January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+  July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+  \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+%%\if@compatibility
+%%\else
+%%  \def\@obsolete@fontswitch#1#2#3{%
+%%    \@latex@warning@no@line{%
+%%      Command {\string#1...}\on@line\space is obsolete;\MessageBreak
+%%      the LaTeX2e equivalent is \string#3{...}}%
+%%    \gdef#1{\@fontswitch\relax#3}%
+%%  }
+%%  \DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{%
+%%    \@xp\@obsolete@fontswitch\csname cal \endcsname\relax\mathcal}
+%%  \DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{%
+%%    \@xp\@obsolete@fontswitch\csname mit \endcsname\relax\mathnormal}
+%%\fi
+\renewcommand*{\title}[2][]{\gdef\shorttitle{#1}\gdef\@title{#2}}
+\edef\title{\@nx\@dblarg
+  \@xp\@nx\csname\string\title\endcsname}
+\renewcommand{\author}[2][]{%
+  \ifx\@empty\authors
+    \gdef\authors{#2}%
+  \else
+    \g@addto@macro\authors{\and#2}%
+    \g@addto@macro\addresses{\author{}}%
+  \fi
+  \@ifnotempty{#1}{%
+    \ifx\@empty\shortauthors
+      \gdef\shortauthors{#1}%
+    \else
+      \g@addto@macro\shortauthors{\and#1}%
+    \fi
+  }%
+}
+\edef\author{\@nx\@dblarg
+  \@xp\@nx\csname\string\author\endcsname}
+\let\shortauthors\@empty   \let\authors\@empty
+\newif\ifresetcontrib  \resetcontribfalse
+\newcommand\contrib[2][]{%
+  \def\@tempa{#1}%
+  \ifx\@empty\@tempa
+  \else
+    \ifresetcontrib \@xcontribs
+    \else \global\resetcontribtrue
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \ifx\@empty\contribs
+    \gdef\contribs{#1 #2}%
+  \else
+    \g@addto@macro\contribs{\and#1 #2}%
+  \fi
+  \@wraptoccontribs{#1}{#2}%
+}
+\def\wraptoccontribs#1#2{}
+\def\@xcontribs{%
+  \author@andify\contribs
+  \ifx\@empty\xcontribs
+    \xdef\xcontribs{\contribs}%
+  \else
+    \xdef\xcontribs{\xcontribs, \contribs}%
+  \fi
+  \let\contribs\@empty
+}
+\let\contribs\@empty  \let\xcontribs\@empty  \let\toccontribs\@empty
+\let\addresses\@empty      \let\thankses\@empty
+\newcommand{\address}[2][]{\g@addto@macro\addresses{\address{#1}{#2}}}
+\newcommand{\curraddr}[2][]{\g@addto@macro\addresses{\curraddr{#1}{#2}}}
+\newcommand{\email}[2][]{\g@addto@macro\addresses{\email{#1}{#2}}}
+\newcommand{\urladdr}[2][]{\g@addto@macro\addresses{\urladdr{#1}{#2}}}
+\long\def\thanks@warning#1{%
+  \ClassError{\@classname}{%
+    \protect\thanks\space should be given separately, not inside author name.%
+  }\@ehb
+}
+\renewcommand{\thanks}[1]{%
+  \@ifnotempty{#1}{\g@addto@macro\thankses{\thanks{#1}}}%
+}
+\def\enddoc@text{\ifx\@empty\@translators \else\@settranslators\fi
+  \ifx\@empty\addresses \else\@setaddresses\fi}
+\AtEndDocument{\enddoc@text}
+\def\curraddrname{{\itshape Current address}}
+\def\emailaddrname{{\itshape E-mail address}}
+\def\urladdrname{{\itshape URL}}
+\def\@setaddresses{\par
+  \nobreak \begingroup
+\footnotesize
+  \def\author##1{\nobreak\addvspace\bigskipamount}%
+  \def\\{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+  \interlinepenalty\@M
+  \def\address##1##2{\begingroup
+    \par\addvspace\bigskipamount\indent
+    \@ifnotempty{##1}{(\ignorespaces##1\unskip) }%
+    {\scshape\ignorespaces##2}\par\endgroup}%
+  \def\curraddr##1##2{\begingroup
+    \@ifnotempty{##2}{\nobreak\indent\curraddrname
+      \@ifnotempty{##1}{, \ignorespaces##1\unskip}\/:\space
+      ##2\par}\endgroup}%
+  \def\email##1##2{\begingroup
+    \@ifnotempty{##2}{\nobreak\indent\emailaddrname
+      \@ifnotempty{##1}{, \ignorespaces##1\unskip}\/:\space
+      \ttfamily##2\par}\endgroup}%
+  \def\urladdr##1##2{\begingroup
+    \def~{\char`\~}%
+    \@ifnotempty{##2}{\nobreak\indent\urladdrname
+      \@ifnotempty{##1}{, \ignorespaces##1\unskip}\/:\space
+      \ttfamily##2\par}\endgroup}%
+  \addresses
+  \endgroup
+}
+\let\@date\@empty
+\def\dedicatory#1{\def\@dedicatory{#1}}
+\let\@dedicatory=\@empty
+\def\keywords#1{\def\@keywords{#1}}
+\let\@keywords=\@empty
+\newcommand*\subjclass[2][1991]{%
+  \def\@subjclass{#2}%
+  \@ifundefined{subjclassname@#1}{%
+    \ClassWarning{\@classname}{Unknown edition (#1) of Mathematics
+      Subject Classification; using '1991'.}%
+  }{%
+    \@xp\let\@xp\subjclassname\csname subjclassname@#1\endcsname
+  }%
+}
+\let\@subjclass=\@empty
+\def\commby#1{\def\@commby{(Communicated by #1)}}
+\let\@commby=\@empty
+\def\translname{Translated by}
+\def\translator#1{%
+  \ifx\@empty\@translators \def\@translators{#1}%
+  \else\g@addto@macro\@translators{\and#1}\fi}
+\let\@translators=\@empty
+\def\@settranslators{\par\begingroup
+  \addvspace{6\p@\@plus9\p@}%
+  \hbox to\columnwidth{\hss\normalfont\normalsize
+    \translname{ }%
+    \andify\@translators \uppercasenonmath\@translators
+    \@translators}
+  \endgroup
+}
+\newcommand{\xandlist}[4]{\@andlista{{#1}{#2}{#3}}#4\and\and}
+\def\@andlista#1#2\and#3\and{\@andlistc{#2}\@ifnotempty{#3}{%
+  \@andlistb#1{#3}}}
+\def\@andlistb#1#2#3#4#5\and{%
+  \@ifempty{#5}{%
+    \@andlistc{#2#4}%
+  }{%
+    \@andlistc{#1#4}\@andlistb{#1}{#3}{#3}{#5}%
+  }}
+\let\@andlistc\@iden
+\newcommand{\nxandlist}[4]{%
+  \def\@andlistc##1{\toks@\@xp{\the\toks@##1}}%
+  \toks@{\toks@\@emptytoks \@andlista{{#1}{#2}{#3}}}%
+  \the\@xp\toks@#4\and\and
+  \edef#4{\the\toks@}%
+  \let\@andlistc\@iden}
+\def\@@and{and}
+\newcommand{\andify}{%
+  \nxandlist{\unskip, }{\unskip{} \@@and~}{\unskip, \@@and~}}
+\def\and{\unskip{ }\@@and{ }\ignorespaces}
+\def\maketitle{\par
+  \@topnum\z@ % this prevents figures from falling at the top of page 1
+  \@setcopyright
+  \thispagestyle{firstpage}% this sets first page specifications
+  \uppercasenonmath\shorttitle
+  \ifx\@empty\shortauthors \let\shortauthors\shorttitle
+  \else \andify\shortauthors
+  \fi
+  \@maketitle@hook
+  \begingroup
+  \@maketitle
+  \toks@\@xp{\shortauthors}\@temptokena\@xp{\shorttitle}%
+  \toks4{\def\\{ \ignorespaces}}% defend against questionable usage
+  \edef\@tempa{%
+    \@nx\markboth{\the\toks4
+      \@nx\MakeUppercase{\the\toks@}}{\the\@temptokena}}%
+  \@tempa
+  \endgroup
+  \c@footnote\z@
+  \@cleartopmattertags
+}
+\def\@cleartopmattertags{%
+  \def\do##1{\let##1\relax}%
+  \do\maketitle \do\@maketitle \do\title \do\@xtitle \do\@title
+  \do\author \do\@xauthor \do\address \do\@xaddress
+  \do\contrib \do\contribs \do\xcontribs \do\toccontribs
+  \do\email \do\@xemail \do\curraddr \do\@xcurraddr
+  \do\commby \do\@commby
+  \do\dedicatory \do\@dedicatory \do\thanks \do\thankses
+  \do\keywords \do\@keywords \do\subjclass \do\@subjclass
+}
+\def\@maketitle@hook{\global\let\@maketitle@hook\@empty}
+\def\@maketitle{%
+  \normalfont\normalsize
+  \@adminfootnotes
+  \@mkboth{\@nx\shortauthors}{\@nx\shorttitle}%
+  \global\topskip42\p@\relax % 5.5pc   "   "   "     "     "
+  \@settitle
+  \ifx\@empty\authors \else \@setauthors \fi
+  \ifx\@empty\@dedicatory
+  \else
+    \baselineskip18\p@
+    \vtop{\centering{\footnotesize\itshape\@dedicatory\@@par}%
+      \global\dimen@i\prevdepth}\prevdepth\dimen@i
+  \fi
+  \@setabstract
+  \normalsize
+  \if@titlepage
+    \newpage
+  \else
+    \dimen@34\p@ \advance\dimen@-\baselineskip
+    \vskip\dimen@\relax
+  \fi
+} % end \@maketitle
+\def\@adminfootnotes{%
+  \let\@makefnmark\relax  \let\@thefnmark\relax
+  \ifx\@empty\@date\else \@footnotetext{\@setdate}\fi
+  \ifx\@empty\@subjclass\else \@footnotetext{\@setsubjclass}\fi
+  \ifx\@empty\@keywords\else \@footnotetext{\@setkeywords}\fi
+  \ifx\@empty\thankses\else \@footnotetext{%
+    \def\par{\let\par\@par}\@setthanks}%
+  \fi
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \@ifundefined{publname}{%
+    \let\publname\@empty
+    \let\@serieslogo\@empty
+  }{%
+    \def\@serieslogo{\article@logo}%
+  }%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \@ifundefined{volinfo}{%
+    \def\volinfo{%
+      Volume \currentvolume, Number \number0\currentissue
+      \if\@printyear , \currentmonth\ \currentyear\fi
+    }%
+  }{}%
+}
+\def\@printyear{TF}% boolean false
+\def\issueinfo#1#2#3#4{\def\currentvolume{#1}\def\currentissue{#2}%
+  \def\currentmonth{#3}\def\currentyear{#4}}
+\issueinfo{00}% volume number
+  {0}%        % issue number
+  {Xxxx}%     % month
+  {XXXX}%     % year
+\newcommand{\copyrightinfo}[2]{%
+  \def\copyrightyear{#1}%
+  \@ifnotempty{#2}{\def\copyrightholder{#2}}%
+}
+\copyrightinfo{0000}{(copyright holder)}
+\def\pagespan#1#2{\setcounter{page}{#1}%
+  \ifnum\c@page<\z@ \pagenumbering{roman}\setcounter{page}{-#1}\fi
+  \def\start@page{#1}\def\end@page{#2}}
+\pagespan{000}{000}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \@ifundefined{pageinfo}{%
+    \def\pageinfo{%
+      \ifnum\start@page=\z@
+        Pages 000--000
+      \else
+        \ifx\start@page\end@page
+          Page \start@page
+        \else
+          Pages \start@page--\end@page
+        \fi
+      \fi}%
+  }{}%
+}
+\@ifundefined{ISSN}{\def\ISSN{0000-0000}}{}
+\newcommand\PII[1]{\def\@PII{#1}}
+\PII{S \ISSN(XX)0000-0}
+\newinsert\copyins
+\skip\copyins=1.5pc
+\count\copyins=1000 % magnification factor, 1000 = 100%
+\dimen\copyins=.5\textheight % maximum allowed per page
+\g@addto@macro\@reinserts{%
+  \ifvoid\copyins\else\insert\copyins{\unvbox\copyins}\fi
+}
+\def\@copyinsfontsize{\fontsize{6}{7\p@}\normalfont\upshape}
+\newif\if@extracrline  \@extracrlinefalse
+\let\@extracrline\@empty
+\relax
+\def\@setcopyright{%
+  \ifx\@empty\@serieslogo
+  \else\ifx\@empty\copyrightyear
+  \else
+    \insert\copyins{\hsize\textwidth
+      \parfillskip\z@\relax
+      \leftskip\z@\@plus.9\textwidth\relax \rightskip\z@\relax
+      \@copyinsfontsize
+      \everypar{}%
+      \vskip-\skip\copyins
+      \if@extracrline
+        \vskip-6pt
+      \fi
+      \nointerlineskip
+      \leavevmode\hfill\vrule\@width\z@\@height\skip\copyins
+      \copyright\copyrightyear\ \copyrightholder\ignorespaces
+      \if@extracrline \@extracrline \fi
+      \par
+      \kern\z@}%
+  \fi\fi
+}
+\def\@combinefloats{%
+  \ifx \@toplist\@empty \else \@cflt \fi
+  \ifx \@botlist\@empty \else \@cflb \fi
+  \ifvoid\copyins \else \@cflci \fi
+}
+\def\@cflci{%
+  \setbox\@outputbox\vbox{%
+    \unvbox\@outputbox
+    \vskip\skip\copyins
+    \if@twocolumn \else \vskip\z@ plus\p@ \fi
+    \hbox to\columnwidth{%
+      \hss\vbox to\z@{\vss
+        \if@twocolumn
+          \if@firstcolumn \else \unvbox\copyins \fi
+        \else
+          \unvbox\copyins
+        \fi
+        }}}%
+  \if@twocolumn \if@firstcolumn
+    \insert\copyins{\unvbox\copyins}%
+  \fi\fi
+  \global\count\copyins=999 \relax
+}
+\newif\if@revertcopyright  \@revertcopyrightfalse
+\newcommand{\revertcopyright}{%
+  \global\@revertcopyrighttrue
+  \global\@extracrlinetrue}
+\def\@revertcrfontsize{\fontsize{6}{7\p@}\normalfont\upshape}
+\def\@extracrline{%
+  \if@revertcopyright
+    \unskip\\
+    \@revertcrfontsize
+    Reverts to public domain 28 years from publication
+  \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\abstractname}{Abstract}
+\newcommand{\keywordsname}{Key words and phrases}
+\newcommand{\subjclassname}{%
+  \textup{1991} Mathematics Subject Classification}
+\@xp\let\csname subjclassname@1991\endcsname \subjclassname
+\@namedef{subjclassname@2000}{%
+  \textup{2000} Mathematics Subject Classification}
+\def\@tempb{amsart}
+\ifx\@classname\@tempb
+  \newcommand{\datename}{\textit{Date}:}
+\else
+  \newcommand{\datename}{Received by the editors}
+\fi
+\def\@settitle{\begin{center}%
+  \baselineskip14\p@\relax
+    \bfseries
+\uppercasenonmath\@title
+  \@title
+  \end{center}%
+}
+\def\author@andify{%
+  \nxandlist {\unskip ,\penalty-1 \space\ignorespaces}%
+    {\unskip {} \@@and~}%
+    {\unskip ,\penalty-2 \space \@@and~}%
+}
+\def\@setauthors{%
+  \begingroup
+  \def\thanks{\protect\thanks@warning}%
+  \trivlist
+  \centering\footnotesize \@topsep30\p@\relax
+  \advance\@topsep by -\baselineskip
+  \item\relax
+  \author@andify\authors
+  \def\\{\protect\linebreak}%
+  \MakeUppercase{\authors}%
+  \ifx\@empty\contribs
+  \else
+    ,\penalty-3 \space \@setcontribs
+    \@closetoccontribs
+  \fi
+  \endtrivlist
+  \endgroup
+}
+\def\@closetoccontribs{}
+\def\@setcontribs{%
+  \@xcontribs
+  \MakeUppercase{\xcontribs}%
+}
+\def\@setdate{\datename\ \@date\@addpunct.}
+\def\@setsubjclass{%
+  {\itshape\subjclassname.}\enspace\@subjclass\@addpunct.}
+\def\@setkeywords{%
+  {\itshape \keywordsname.}\enspace \@keywords\@addpunct.}
+\def\@setthanks{\def\thanks##1{\par##1\@addpunct.}\thankses}
+\newbox\abstractbox
+\newenvironment{abstract}{%
+  \ifx\maketitle\relax
+    \ClassWarning{\@classname}{Abstract should precede
+      \protect\maketitle\space in AMS document classes; reported}%
+  \fi
+  \global\setbox\abstractbox=\vtop \bgroup
+    \normalfont\Small
+    \list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+      \leftmargin3pc \rightmargin\leftmargin
+      \listparindent\normalparindent \itemindent\z@
+      \parsep\z@ \@plus\p@
+      \let\fullwidthdisplay\relax
+    }%
+    \item[\hskip\labelsep\scshape\abstractname.]%
+}{%
+  \endlist\egroup
+  \ifx\@setabstract\relax \@setabstracta \fi
+}
+\def\@setabstract{\@setabstracta \global\let\@setabstract\relax}
+\def\@setabstracta{%
+  \ifvoid\abstractbox
+  \else
+    \skip@20\p@ \advance\skip@-\lastskip
+    \advance\skip@-\baselineskip \vskip\skip@
+    \box\abstractbox
+    \prevdepth\z@ % because \abstractbox is a vtop
+  \fi
+}
+\def\titlepage{%
+  \clearpage
+  \thispagestyle{empty}\setcounter{page}{0}}
+\def\endtitlepage{\newpage}
+\def\labelenumi{(\theenumi)}
+\def\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\def\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\def\labelenumiii{(\theenumiii)}
+\def\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\def\labelenumiv{(\theenumiv)}
+\def\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\def\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\def\labelitemi{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\def\labelitemii{\bfseries --}% \upshape already done by \itemize
+\def\labelitemiii{$\m@th\ast$}
+\def\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+\newenvironment{verse}{\let\\\@centercr
+  \list{}{\itemsep\z@ \itemindent -1.5em\listparindent\itemindent
+  \rightmargin\leftmargin \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}\item[]%
+}{%
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\endverse=\endlist % for efficiency
+\newenvironment{quotation}{\list{}{%
+    \leftmargin3pc \listparindent\normalparindent
+    \itemindent\z@
+    \rightmargin\leftmargin \parsep\z@ \@plus\p@}%
+  \item[]%
+}{%
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\endquotation=\endlist % for efficiency
+\newenvironment{quote}{%
+  \list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}\item[]%
+}{%
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\endquote=\endlist % for efficiency
+\def\trivlist{\parsep\parskip\@nmbrlistfalse
+  \@trivlist \labelwidth\z@ \leftmargin\z@
+  \itemindent\z@
+  \let\@itemlabel\@empty
+  \def\makelabel##1{\upshape##1}}
+\renewenvironment{enumerate}{%
+  \ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else
+      \advance\@enumdepth \@ne
+      \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth}\list
+      {\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}{\usecounter
+        {\@enumctr}\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{\upshape##1}}}\fi
+}{%
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\endenumerate=\endlist % for efficiency
+\renewenvironment{itemize}{%
+  \ifnum\@itemdepth>3 \@toodeep
+  \else \advance\@itemdepth\@ne
+    \edef\@itemitem{labelitem\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth}%
+    \list{\csname\@itemitem\endcsname}%
+      {\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{\upshape##1}}}%
+  \fi
+}{%
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\enditemize=\endlist % for efficiency
+\newcommand{\descriptionlabel}[1]{\hspace\labelsep \upshape\bfseries #1:}
+\newenvironment{description}{\list{}{%
+  \advance\leftmargini6\p@ \itemindent-12\p@
+  \labelwidth\z@ \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}%
+}{
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\enddescription=\endlist % for efficiency
+\let\upn=\textup
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \labelsep=5pt\relax
+  \setcounter{enumi}{13}\setcounter{enumii}{13}%
+  \setcounter{enumiii}{13}\setcounter{enumiv}{13}%
+  \settowidth\leftmargini{\labelenumi\hskip\labelsep}%
+  \advance\leftmargini by \normalparindent
+  \settowidth\leftmarginii{\labelenumii\hskip\labelsep}%
+  \settowidth\leftmarginiii{\labelenumiii\hskip\labelsep}%
+  \settowidth\leftmarginiv{\labelenumiv\hskip\labelsep}%
+  \setcounter{enumi}{0}\setcounter{enumii}{0}%
+  \setcounter{enumiii}{0}\setcounter{enumiv}{0}%
+  \leftmarginv=10pt  \leftmarginvi=\leftmarginv
+  \leftmargin=\leftmargini
+  \labelwidth=\leftmargini \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+  \@listi}
+\newskip\listisep
+\listisep\smallskipamount
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini \parsep\z@skip
+  \topsep\listisep \itemsep\z@skip
+  \listparindent\normalparindent}
+\let\@listi\@listI
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+  \topsep\z@skip \parsep\z@skip \partopsep\z@skip \itemsep\z@skip}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginiii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginiv \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginv \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginvi \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\@ifclasswith{\@classname}{fleqn}{%
+  \let\@tempa\@iden
+  \AtBeginDocument{\mathindent\leftmargini}%
+}{\let\@tempa\@gobble}%
+\@ifpackageloaded{amsmath}{\let\@tempa\@gobble}{%
+  \@ifpackageloaded{amstex}{\let\@tempa\@gobble}{}%
+}
+\@tempa{%
+  \def\[{\relax
+    \ifmmode\@badmath
+    \else
+      \begin{trivlist}%
+      \@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty
+      \@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
+      \item[]\leavevmode
+      \hbox to\linewidth\bgroup$\displaystyle
+      \hskip\mathindent\bgroup
+    \fi}%
+  \def\]{\relax
+    \ifmmode
+      \egroup \m@th$\hfil \egroup
+      \end{trivlist}%
+    \else \@badmath
+    \fi}%
+  \renewenvironment{equation}{%
+    \@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty
+    \@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
+    \refstepcounter{equation}%
+    \@topsep\abovedisplayskip \trivlist
+    \item[]\leavevmode
+    \hbox to\linewidth\bgroup\hskip\mathindent$\displaystyle
+  }{%
+    \m@th$\hfil \displaywidth\linewidth \hbox{\@eqnnum}\egroup
+    \endtrivlist
+  }%
+  \renewenvironment{eqnarray}{%
+    \stepcounter{equation}\let\@currentlabel\theequation
+    \global\@eqnswtrue \global\@eqcnt\z@ \tabskip\mathindent
+    \let\\=\@eqncr \abovedisplayskip\topsep
+    \ifvmode \advance\abovedisplayskip\partopsep \fi
+    \belowdisplayskip\abovedisplayskip
+    \belowdisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+    \abovedisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+    $$\everycr{}\halign to\linewidth\bgroup
+      \hskip\@centering
+      $\displaystyle\tabskip\z@skip####\m@th$&%
+      \@eqnsel \global\@eqcnt\@ne
+      \hfil${}####{}\m@th$\hfil&%
+      \global\@eqcnt\tw@
+      $\displaystyle ####\m@th$\hfil\tabskip\@centering&%
+      \global\@eqcnt\thr@@
+      \hbox to \z@\bgroup\hss####\egroup\tabskip\z@skip\cr
+    }{%
+      \@@eqncr \egroup \global\advance\c@equation\m@ne$$%
+      \global\@ignoretrue
+    }%
+  \newdimen\mathindent
+  \mathindent\leftmargini
+}
+\def\@startsection#1#2#3#4#5#6{%
+ \if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi
+ \par \@tempskipa #4\relax
+ \@afterindenttrue
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@ \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \@afterindentfalse\fi
+ \if@nobreak \everypar{}\else
+     \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace\@tempskipa\fi
+ \@ifstar{\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{\@m}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}%
+         {\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}%
+}
+\def\@seccntformat#1{%
+  \protect\textup{\protect\@secnumfont
+    \csname the#1\endcsname
+    \protect\@secnumpunct
+  }%
+}
+\def\@secnumfont{\mdseries}
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+  \edef\@toclevel{\ifnum#2=\@m 0\else\number#2\fi}%
+  \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \let\@secnumber\@empty
+  \else \@xp\let\@xp\@secnumber\csname the#1\endcsname\fi
+  \@tempskipa #5\relax
+  \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+    \let\@svsec\@empty
+  \else
+    \refstepcounter{#1}%
+    \edef\@secnumpunct{%
+      \ifdim\@tempskipa>\z@ % not a run-in section heading
+        \@ifnotempty{#8}{.\@nx\enspace}%
+      \else
+        \@ifempty{#8}{.}{.\@nx\enspace}%
+      \fi
+    }%
+    \@ifempty{#8}{%
+      \ifnum #2=\tw@ \def\@secnumfont{\bfseries}\fi}{}%
+    \protected@edef\@svsec{%
+      \ifnum#2<\@m
+        \@ifundefined{#1name}{}{%
+          \ignorespaces\csname #1name\endcsname\space
+        }%
+      \fi
+      \@seccntformat{#1}%
+    }%
+  \fi
+  \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@ % then this is not a run-in section heading
+    \begingroup #6\relax
+    \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}{\interlinepenalty\@M #8\par}%
+    \endgroup
+    \ifnum#2>\@m \else \@tocwrite{#1}{#8}\fi
+  \else
+  \def\@svsechd{#6\hskip #3\@svsec
+    \@ifnotempty{#8}{\ignorespaces#8\unskip
+       \@addpunct.}%
+    \ifnum#2>\@m \else \@tocwrite{#1}{#8}\fi
+  }%
+  \fi
+  \global\@nobreaktrue
+  \@xsect{#5}}
+\let\@ssect\relax
+\newcounter{part}
+\newcounter{section}
+\newcounter{subsection}[section]
+\newcounter{subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter{paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter{subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thepart          {\arabic{part}}
+\renewcommand\thesection       {\arabic{section}}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection    {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection {\thesubsection .\arabic{subsubsection}}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph     {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph  {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\def\partname{Part}
+\def\part{\@startsection{part}{0}%
+  \z@{\linespacing\@plus\linespacing}{.5\linespacing}%
+  {\normalfont\bfseries\raggedright}}
+\def\specialsection{\@startsection{section}{1}%
+  \z@{\linespacing\@plus\linespacing}{.5\linespacing}%
+  {\normalfont\centering}}
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}%
+  \z@{.7\linespacing\@plus\linespacing}{.5\linespacing}%
+  {\normalfont\scshape\centering}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}%
+  \z@{.5\linespacing\@plus.7\linespacing}{-.5em}%
+  {\normalfont\bfseries}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}%
+  \z@{.5\linespacing\@plus.7\linespacing}{-.5em}%
+  {\normalfont\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}%
+  \z@\z@{-\fontdimen2\font}%
+  \normalfont}
+\def\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}%
+  \z@\z@{-\fontdimen2\font}%
+  \normalfont}
+\def\appendix{\par\c@section\z@ \c@subsection\z@
+   \let\sectionname\appendixname
+   \def\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\def\appendixname{Appendix}
+\def\@Roman#1{\@xp\@slowromancap
+  \romannumeral#1@}%
+\def\@slowromancap#1{\ifx @#1% then terminate
+  \else
+    \if i#1I\else\if v#1V\else\if x#1X\else\if l#1L\else\if
+    c#1C\else\if m#1M\else#1\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi
+    \@xp\@slowromancap
+  \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\@pnumwidth}{1.6em}
+\newcommand{\@tocrmarg}{2.6em}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
+\newswitch{toc}
+\newswitch{lof}
+\newswitch{lot}
+\newcommand\contentsnamefont{\scshape}
+\def\@starttoc#1#2{\begingroup
+  \setTrue{#1}%
+  \par\removelastskip\vskip\z@skip
+  \@startsection{}\@M\z@{\linespacing\@plus\linespacing}%
+    {.5\linespacing}{\centering\contentsnamefont}{#2}%
+  \ifx\contentsname#2%
+  \else \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{#2}\fi
+  \makeatletter
+  \@input{\jobname.#1}%
+  \if@filesw
+    \@xp\newwrite\csname tf@#1\endcsname
+    \immediate\@xp\openout\csname tf@#1\endcsname \jobname.#1\relax
+  \fi
+  \global\@nobreakfalse \endgroup
+  \addvspace{32\p@\@plus14\p@}%
+  \let\tableofcontents\relax
+}
+\def\contentsname{Contents}
+\def\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\def\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\def\tableofcontents{%
+  \@starttoc{toc}\contentsname
+}
+\def\listoffigures{\@starttoc{lof}\listfigurename}
+\def\listoftables{\@starttoc{lot}\listtablename}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \@for\@tempa:=-1,0,1,2,3\do{%
+    \@ifundefined{r@tocindent\@tempa}{%
+      \@xp\gdef\csname r@tocindent\@tempa\endcsname{0pt}}{}%
+  }%
+}
+\def\@writetocindents{%
+  \begingroup
+  \@for\@tempa:=-1,0,1,2,3\do{%
+    \immediate\write\@auxout{%
+      \string\newlabel{tocindent\@tempa}{%
+        \csname r@tocindent\@tempa\endcsname}}%
+  }%
+  \endgroup}
+\AtEndDocument{\@writetocindents}
+
+\let\indentlabel\@empty
+\def\@tochangmeasure#1{\sbox\z@{#1}%
+  \ifdim\wd\z@>\csname r@tocindent\@toclevel\endcsname\relax
+    \@xp\xdef\csname r@tocindent\@toclevel\endcsname{\the\wd\z@}%
+  \fi
+}
+\def\@toclevel{0}
+\def\@tocline#1#2#3#4#5#6#7{\relax
+  \ifnum #1>\c@tocdepth % then omit
+  \else
+    \par \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace{#2}%
+    \begingroup \hyphenpenalty\@M
+    \@ifempty{#4}{%
+      \@tempdima\csname r@tocindent\number#1\endcsname\relax
+    }{%
+      \@tempdima#4\relax
+    }%
+    \parindent\z@ \leftskip#3\relax \advance\leftskip\@tempdima\relax
+    \rightskip\@pnumwidth plus4em \parfillskip-\@pnumwidth
+    #5\leavevmode\hskip-\@tempdima #6\nobreak\relax
+    \hfil\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\@tocpagenum{#7}}\par
+    \nobreak
+    \endgroup
+  \fi}
+\def\@tocpagenum#1{\hss{\mdseries #1}}
+\def\@tocwrite#1{\@xp\@tocwriteb\csname toc#1\endcsname{#1}}
+\def\@tocwriteb#1#2#3{%
+  \begingroup
+    \def\@tocline##1##2##3##4##5##6{%
+      \ifnum##1>\c@tocdepth
+      \else \sbox\z@{##5\let\indentlabel\@tochangmeasure##6}\fi}%
+    \csname l@#2\endcsname{#1{\csname#2name\endcsname}{\@secnumber}{}}%
+  \endgroup
+  \addcontentsline{toc}{#2}%
+    {\protect#1{\csname#2name\endcsname}{\@secnumber}{#3}}}
+\def\l@section{\@tocline{1}{0pt}{1pc}{}{}}
+\newcommand{\tocsection}[3]{%
+  \indentlabel{\@ifnotempty{#2}{\ignorespaces#1 #2.\quad}}#3}
+\def\l@subsection{\@tocline{2}{0pt}{1pc}{5pc}{}}
+\let\tocsubsection\tocsection
+\def\l@subsubsection{\@tocline{3}{0pt}{1pc}{7pc}{}}
+\let\tocsubsubsection\tocsection
+\let\l@paragraph\l@subsubsection
+\let\tocparagraph\tocsection
+\let\l@subparagraph\l@subsubsection
+\let\tocsubparagraph\tocsection
+\def\l@part{\@tocline{-1}{12pt plus2pt}{0pt}{}{\bfseries}}
+\let\tocpart\tocsection
+\def\l@chapter{\@tocline{0}{8pt plus1pt}{0pt}{}{}}
+\let\tocchapter\tocsection
+\newcommand{\tocappendix}[3]{%
+  \indentlabel{#1\@ifnotempty{#2}{ #2}.\quad}#3}
+\def\l@figure{\@tocline{0}{3pt plus2pt}{0pt}{1.5pc}{}}
+\let\l@table=\l@figure
+\def\refname{References}
+\def\bibname{Bibliography}
+\def\@defaultbiblabelstyle#1{#1.}
+\def\bibliographystyle#1{%
+    \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\bibstyle{#1}}\fi
+    \def\@tempa{#1}%
+    \def\@tempb{amsplain}%
+    \def\@tempc{}%
+    \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+        \def\@biblabel##1{\@defaultbiblabelstyle{##1}}%
+        \def\bibsetup{}%
+    \else
+        \def\bibsetup{\labelsep6\p@}%
+        \ifx\@tempa\@tempc
+            \def\@biblabel##1{}%
+            \def\bibsetup{\labelwidth\z@ \leftmargin24\p@
+                \itemindent-\leftmargin
+                \labelsep\z@ }%
+        \fi
+    \fi}
+\newcommand{\bibliofont}{\footnotesize}
+\newcommand{\@bibtitlestyle}{%
+  \@xp\section\@xp*\@xp{\refname}%
+}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]{%
+  \@bibtitlestyle
+  \normalfont\bibliofont\labelsep .5em\relax
+  \renewcommand\theenumiv{\arabic{enumiv}}\let\p@enumiv\@empty
+  \list{\@biblabel{\theenumiv}}{\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+    \leftmargin\labelwidth \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+    \usecounter{enumiv}}%
+  \sloppy \clubpenalty\@M \widowpenalty\clubpenalty
+  \sfcode`\.=\@m
+}{%
+  \def\@noitemerr{\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+  \endlist
+}
+\def\bysame{\leavevmode\hbox to3em{\hrulefill}\thinspace}
+\def\newblock{}
+\newcommand\MR[1]{\relax\ifhmode\unskip\spacefactor3000 \space\fi
+  MR~\MRhref{#1}{#1}}
+\let\MRhref\@gobble
+\newcommand\URL{\begingroup
+  \def\@sverb##1{%
+    \def\@tempa####1##1{\@URL{####1}\egroup\endgroup}%
+    \@tempa}%
+  \verb}
+\let\URLhref\@gobble
+\def\@URL#1{\URLhref{#1}#1}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newcommand{\@indextitlestyle}{%
+  \twocolumn[\@xp\section\@xp*\@xp{\indexname}]%
+}
+\def\theindex{\@restonecoltrue\if@twocolumn\@restonecolfalse\fi
+  \columnseprule\z@ \columnsep 35\p@
+  \@indextitlestyle
+  \thispagestyle{plain}%
+  \let\item\@idxitem
+  \parindent\z@  \parskip\z@\@plus.3\p@\relax
+  \raggedright
+  \hyphenpenalty\@M
+  \footnotesize}
+\def\indexname{Index}
+\def\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 2em}
+\def\subitem{\par\hangindent 2em\hspace*{1em}}
+\def\subsubitem{\par\hangindent 3em\hspace*{2em}}
+\def\endtheindex{\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\def\indexspace{\par\bigskip}
+\def\footnoterule{\kern-.4\p@
+        \hrule\@width 5pc\kern11\p@\kern-\footnotesep}
+\def\@makefnmark{%
+  \leavevmode
+  \raise.9ex\hbox{\fontsize\sf@size\z@\normalfont\@thefnmark}%
+}
+\def\@makefntext{\indent\@makefnmark}
+\long\def\@footnotetext#1{%
+  \insert\footins{%
+    \normalfont\footnotesize
+    \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
+    \splittopskip\footnotesep \splitmaxdepth \dp\strutbox
+    \floatingpenalty\@MM \hsize\columnwidth
+    \@parboxrestore \parindent\normalparindent \sloppy
+    \protected@edef\@currentlabel{%
+      \csname p@footnote\endcsname\@thefnmark}%
+    \@makefntext{%
+      \rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces#1\unskip\strut\par}}}
+\hfuzz=1pt \vfuzz=\hfuzz
+\def\sloppy{\tolerance9999 \emergencystretch 3em\relax}
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{4}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{4}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand{\topfraction}{.97}
+\renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{.97}
+\renewcommand{\textfraction}{.03}
+\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{.9}
+\renewcommand{\dbltopfraction}{.97}
+\renewcommand{\dblfloatpagefraction}{.9}
+\setlength{\floatsep}{12pt plus 6pt minus 4pt}
+\setlength{\textfloatsep}{15pt plus 8pt minus 5pt}
+\setlength{\intextsep}{12pt plus 6pt minus 4pt}
+\setlength{\dblfloatsep}{12pt plus 6pt minus 4pt}
+\setlength{\dbltextfloatsep}{15pt plus 8pt minus 5pt}
+\setlength{\@fptop}{0pt}% removed "plus 1fil"
+\setlength{\@fpsep}{8pt}% removed "plus 2fil"
+\setlength{\@fpbot}{0pt plus 1fil}
+\setlength{\@dblfptop}{0pt}% removed "plus 1fil"
+\setlength{\@dblfpsep}{8pt}% removed "plus 2fil"
+\setlength{\@dblfpbot}{0pt plus 1fil}
+\newcommand{\fps@figure}{tbp}
+\newcommand{\fps@table}{tbp}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\def\@captionheadfont{\scshape}
+\def\@captionfont{\normalfont}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename\ \thefigure}
+\def\figurename{Figure}
+\newenvironment{figure}{%
+  \@float{figure}%
+}{%
+  \end@float
+}
+\newenvironment{figure*}{%
+  \@dblfloat{figure}%
+}{%
+  \end@dblfloat
+}
+\newcounter{table}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename\ \thetable}
+\def\tablename{Table}
+\newenvironment{table}{%
+  \@float{table}%
+}{%
+  \end@float
+}
+\newenvironment{table*}{%
+  \@dblfloat{table}%
+}{%
+  \end@dblfloat
+}
+\def\@floatboxreset{\global\@minipagefalse \centering}
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+  \setbox\@tempboxa\vbox{\color@setgroup
+    \advance\hsize-2\captionindent\noindent
+    \@captionfont\@captionheadfont#1\@xp\@ifnotempty\@xp
+        {\@cdr#2\@nil}{.\@captionfont\upshape\enspace#2}%
+    \unskip\kern-2\captionindent\par
+    \global\setbox\@ne\lastbox\color@endgroup}%
+  \ifhbox\@ne % the normal case
+    \setbox\@ne\hbox{\unhbox\@ne\unskip\unskip\unpenalty\unkern}%
+  \fi
+  \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa=\z@ % this means caption will fit on one line
+    \setbox\@ne\hbox to\columnwidth{\hss\kern-2\captionindent\box\@ne\hss}%
+  \else % tempboxa contained more than one line
+    \setbox\@ne\vbox{\unvbox\@tempboxa\parskip\z@skip
+        \noindent\unhbox\@ne\advance\hsize-2\captionindent\par}%
+  \fi
+  \ifnum\@tempcnta<64 % if the float IS a figure...
+    \addvspace\abovecaptionskip
+    \hbox to\hsize{\kern\captionindent\box\@ne\hss}%
+  \else % if the float IS NOT a figure...
+    \hbox to\hsize{\kern\captionindent\box\@ne\hss}%
+    \nobreak
+    \vskip\belowcaptionskip
+  \fi
+\relax
+}
+\newskip\abovecaptionskip \abovecaptionskip=12pt \relax
+\newskip\belowcaptionskip \belowcaptionskip=12pt \relax
+\newdimen\captionindent \captionindent=3pc
+\def\nonbreakingspace{\unskip\nobreak\ \ignorespaces}
+\def~{\protect\nonbreakingspace}
+\def\@biblabel#1{\@ifnotempty{#1}{[#1]}}
+\def\@citestyle{\m@th\upshape\mdseries}
+\let\citeform\@firstofone
+\def\@cite#1#2{{%
+  \@citestyle[\citeform{#1}\if@tempswa, #2\fi]}}
+\@ifundefined{cite }{%
+  \expandafter\let\csname cite \endcsname\cite
+  \edef\cite{\@nx\protect\@xp\@nx\csname cite \endcsname}%
+}{}
+\def\fullwidthdisplay{\displayindent\z@ \displaywidth\columnwidth}
+\edef\@tempa{\noexpand\fullwidthdisplay\the\everydisplay}
+\everydisplay\expandafter{\@tempa}
+\newcommand*\seeonlyname{see}
+\newcommand*\seename{see also}
+\newcommand*\alsoname{see also}
+\newcommand*\seeonly[2]{\emph{\seeonlyname} #1}
+\newcommand*\see[2]{\emph{\seename} #1}
+\newcommand*\seealso[2]{\emph{\alsoname} #1}
+\newcommand\printindex{\@input{\jobname.ind}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\textprime{\leavevmode
+  \raise.8ex\hbox{\check@mathfonts\the\scriptfont2 \char48 }}
+
+\newcommand{\theoremstyle}[1]{%
+  \@ifundefined{th@#1}{%
+    \PackageWarning{amsthm}{Unknown theoremstyle `#1'}%
+    \thm@style{plain}%
+  }{%
+    \thm@style{#1}%
+  }%
+}
+\newtoks\thm@style
+\thm@style{plain}
+\newtoks\thm@bodyfont  \thm@bodyfont{\itshape}
+\newtoks\thm@headfont  \thm@headfont{\bfseries}
+\newtoks\thm@notefont  \thm@notefont{}
+\newtoks\thm@headpunct \thm@headpunct{.}
+\newskip\thm@preskip \newskip\thm@postskip
+\def\thm@space@setup{%
+  \thm@preskip=.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip
+                             \@minus.2\baselineskip
+  \thm@postskip=\thm@preskip
+}
+\renewcommand{\newtheorem}{\@ifstar{\@xnthm *}{\@xnthm \relax}}
+\def\@xnthm#1#2{%
+  \let\@tempa\relax
+  \@xp\@ifdefinable\csname #2\endcsname{%
+    \global\@xp\let\csname end#2\endcsname\@endtheorem
+    \ifx *#1% unnumbered, need to get one more mandatory arg
+      \edef\@tempa##1{%
+        \gdef\@xp\@nx\csname#2\endcsname{%
+          \@nx\@thm{\@xp\@nx\csname th@\the\thm@style\endcsname}%
+            {}{##1}}}%
+    \else % numbered theorem, need to check for optional arg
+      \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@ynthm{#2}}[]}%
+    \fi
+  }%
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\@ynthm#1[#2]#3{%
+  \ifx\relax#2\relax
+    \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@xthm{#1}{#3}}[]}%
+  \else
+    \@ifundefined{c@#2}{%
+      \def\@tempa{\@nocounterr{#2}}%
+    }{%
+      \@xp\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@xp\@nx\csname the#2\endcsname}%
+      \toks@{#3}%
+      \@xp\xdef\csname#1\endcsname{%
+        \@nx\@thm{%
+          \let\@nx\thm@swap
+            \if S\thm@swap\@nx\@firstoftwo\else\@nx\@gobble\fi
+          \@xp\@nx\csname th@\the\thm@style\endcsname}%
+            {#2}{\the\toks@}}%
+      \let\@tempa\relax
+    }%
+  \fi
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\@xthm#1#2[#3]{%
+  \ifx\relax#3\relax
+    \newcounter{#1}%
+  \else
+    \newcounter{#1}[#3]%
+    \@xp\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@xp\@nx\csname the#3\endcsname
+      \@thmcountersep\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+  \fi
+  \toks@{#2}%
+  \@xp\xdef\csname#1\endcsname{%
+    \@nx\@thm{%
+      \let\@nx\thm@swap
+        \if S\thm@swap\@nx\@firstoftwo\else\@nx\@gobble\fi
+      \@xp\@nx\csname th@\the\thm@style\endcsname}%
+      {#1}{\the\toks@}}%
+}
+\def\@thm#1#2#3{%
+  \ifhmode\unskip\unskip\par\fi
+  \normalfont
+  \trivlist
+  \let\thmheadnl\relax
+  \let\thm@swap\@gobble
+  \let\thm@indent\noindent % no indent
+  \thm@headfont{\bfseries}% heading font bold
+  \thm@notefont{\fontseries\mddefault\upshape}%
+  \thm@headpunct{.}% add period after heading
+  \thm@headsep 5\p@ plus\p@ minus\p@\relax
+  \thm@space@setup
+  #1% style overrides
+  \@topsep \thm@preskip               % used by thm head
+  \@topsepadd \thm@postskip           % used by \@endparenv
+  \def\@tempa{#2}\ifx\@empty\@tempa
+    \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@begintheorem{#3}{}}[]}%
+  \else
+    \refstepcounter{#2}%
+    \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@begintheorem{#3}{\csname the#2\endcsname}}[]}%
+  \fi
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\@restorelabelsep{\relax}
+\let\@ythm\relax
+\let\thmname\@iden \let\thmnote\@iden \let\thmnumber\@iden
+\providecommand\@upn{\textup}
+\def\thmhead@plain#1#2#3{%
+  \thmname{#1}\thmnumber{\@ifnotempty{#1}{ }\@upn{#2}}%
+  \thmnote{ {\the\thm@notefont(#3)}}}
+\let\thmhead\thmhead@plain
+\def\swappedhead#1#2#3{%
+  \thmnumber{\@upn{\@secnumfont#2\@ifnotempty{#1}{.~}}}%
+  \thmname{#1}%
+  \thmnote{ {\the\thm@notefont(#3)}}}
+\let\swappedhead@plain=\swappedhead
+\let\thmheadnl\relax
+\let\thm@indent\noindent
+\let\thm@swap\@gobble
+\def\@begintheorem#1#2[#3]{%
+  \deferred@thm@head{\the\thm@headfont \thm@indent
+    \@ifempty{#1}{\let\thmname\@gobble}{\let\thmname\@iden}%
+    \@ifempty{#2}{\let\thmnumber\@gobble}{\let\thmnumber\@iden}%
+    \@ifempty{#3}{\let\thmnote\@gobble}{\let\thmnote\@iden}%
+    \thm@swap\swappedhead\thmhead{#1}{#2}{#3}%
+    \the\thm@headpunct
+    \thmheadnl % possibly a newline.
+    \hskip\thm@headsep
+  }%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\newskip\thm@headsep
+\thm@headsep=5pt plus1pt minus1pt\relax
+\let\adjust@parskip@nobreak=\@nbitem
+\newtoks\dth@everypar
+\dth@everypar={%
+  \@minipagefalse \global\@newlistfalse
+  \@noparitemfalse
+  \if@inlabel
+    \global\@inlabelfalse
+    \begingroup \setbox\z@\lastbox
+     \ifvoid\z@ \kern-\itemindent \fi
+    \endgroup
+    \unhbox\@labels
+  \fi
+  \if@nobreak \@nobreakfalse \clubpenalty\@M
+  \else \clubpenalty\@clubpenalty \everypar{}%
+  \fi
+}%
+\def\deferred@thm@head#1{%
+  \if@inlabel \indent \par \fi % eject a section head if one is pending
+  \if@nobreak
+    \adjust@parskip@nobreak
+  \else
+    \addpenalty\@beginparpenalty
+    \addvspace\@topsep
+    \addvspace{-\parskip}%
+  \fi
+  \global\@inlabeltrue
+  \everypar\dth@everypar
+  \sbox\@labels{\normalfont#1}%
+  \ignorespaces
+}
+\def\nonslanted{\relax
+  \@xp\let\@xp\@tempa\csname\f@shape shape\endcsname
+  \ifx\@tempa\itshape\upshape
+  \else\ifx\@tempa\slshape\upshape\fi\fi}
+\def\swapnumbers{\edef\thm@swap{\if S\thm@swap N\else S\fi}}
+\def\thm@swap{N}%
+\let\@opargbegintheorem\relax
+\def\th@plain{%
+%%  \let\thm@indent\noindent % no indent
+%%  \thm@headfont{\bfseries}% heading font is bold
+%%  \thm@notefont{}% same as heading font
+%%  \thm@headpunct{.}% add period after heading
+%%  \let\thm@swap\@gobble
+%%  \thm@preskip\topsep
+%%  \thm@postskip\theorempreskipamount
+  \itshape % body font
+}
+\def\th@definition{%
+  \normalfont % body font
+}
+\def\th@remark{%
+  \thm@headfont{\itshape}%
+  \normalfont % body font
+}
+\def\@endtheorem{\endtrivlist\@endpefalse }
+\newcommand{\newtheoremstyle}[9]{%
+  \@ifempty{#5}{\dimen@\z@skip}{\dimen@#5\relax}%
+  \ifdim\dimen@=\z@
+    \toks@{#4\let\thm@indent\noindent}%
+  \else
+    \toks@{#4\def\thm@indent{\noindent\hbox to#5{}}}%
+  \fi
+  \def\@tempa{#8}\ifx\space\@tempa
+    \toks@\@xp{\the\toks@ \thm@headsep\fontdimen\tw@\font\relax}%
+  \else
+    \def\@tempb{\newline}%
+    \ifx\@tempb\@tempa
+      \toks@\@xp{\the\toks@ \thm@headsep\z@skip
+        \def\thmheadnl{\newline}}%
+    \else
+      \toks@\@xp{\the\toks@ \thm@headsep#8\relax}%
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \begingroup
+  \thm@space@setup
+  \@defaultunits\@tempskipa#2\thm@preskip\relax\@nnil
+  \@defaultunits\@tempskipb#3\thm@postskip\relax\@nnil
+  \xdef\@gtempa{\thm@preskip\the\@tempskipa
+    \thm@postskip\the\@tempskipb\relax}%
+  \endgroup
+  \@temptokena\@xp{\@gtempa
+    \thm@headfont{#6}\thm@headpunct{#7}%
+  }%
+  \@ifempty{#9}{%
+    \let\thmhead\thmhead@plain
+  }{%
+    \@namedef{thmhead@#1}##1##2##3{#9}%
+    \@temptokena\@xp{\the\@temptokena
+      \@xp\let\@xp\thmhead\csname thmhead@#1\endcsname}%
+  }%
+  \@xp\xdef\csname th@#1\endcsname{\the\toks@ \the\@temptokena}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\qed}{%
+  \ifmmode \mathqed
+  \else
+    \leavevmode\unskip\penalty9999 \hbox{}\nobreak\hfill
+    \quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+  \fi
+}
+\let\QED@stack\@empty
+\let\qed@elt\relax
+\newcommand{\pushQED}[1]{%
+  \toks@{\qed@elt{#1}}\@temptokena\expandafter{\QED@stack}%
+  \xdef\QED@stack{\the\toks@\the\@temptokena}%
+}
+\newcommand{\popQED}{%
+  \begingroup\let\qed@elt\popQED@elt \QED@stack\relax\relax\endgroup
+}
+\def\popQED@elt#1#2\relax{#1\gdef\QED@stack{#2}}
+\newcommand{\qedhere}{%
+  \begingroup \let\mathqed\math@qedhere
+    \let\qed@elt\setQED@elt \QED@stack\relax\relax \endgroup
+}
+\newif\ifmeasuring@
+\newif\iffirstchoice@ \firstchoice@true
+\def\setQED@elt#1#2\relax{%
+  \ifmeasuring@
+  \else \iffirstchoice@ \gdef\QED@stack{\qed@elt{}#2}\fi
+  \fi
+  #1%
+}
+\def\qed@warning{%
+  \PackageWarning{amsthm}{The \@nx\qedhere command may not work
+    correctly here}%
+}
+\newcommand{\mathqed}{\quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}}
+\def\linebox@qed{\hfil\hbox{\qedsymbol}\hfilneg}
+\@ifpackageloaded{amsmath}{%
+  \def\math@qedhere{%
+    \@ifundefined{\@currenvir @qed}{%
+      \qed@warning\quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+    }{%
+      \@xp\aftergroup\csname\@currenvir @qed\endcsname
+    }%
+  }
+  \def\displaymath@qed{%
+    \relax
+    \ifmmode
+      \ifinner \aftergroup\linebox@qed
+      \else
+        \eqno
+        \let\eqno\relax \let\leqno\relax \let\veqno\relax
+        \hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+      \fi
+    \else
+       \aftergroup\linebox@qed
+    \fi
+  }
+  \@xp\let\csname equation*@qed\endcsname\displaymath@qed
+  \def\equation@qed{%
+    \iftagsleft@
+      \hbox{\phantom{\quad\qedsymbol}}%
+      \gdef\alt@tag{%
+        \rlap{\hbox to\displaywidth{\hfil\qedsymbol}}%
+        \global\let\alt@tag\@empty
+      }%
+    \else
+      \gdef\alt@tag{%
+        \global\let\alt@tag\@empty
+        \vtop{\ialign{\hfil####\cr
+                \tagform@\theequation\cr
+                \qedsymbol\cr}}%
+        \setbox\z@
+      }%
+    \fi
+  }
+  \def\qed@tag{%
+    \global\tag@true \nonumber
+    &\omit\setboxz@h {\strut@ \qedsymbol}\tagsleft@false
+    \place@tag@gather
+    \kern-\tabskip
+    \ifst@rred \else \global\@eqnswtrue \fi \global\advance\row@\@ne \cr
+  }
+  \def\split@qed{%
+    \def\endsplit{\crcr\egroup \egroup \ctagsplit@false \rendsplit@
+      \aftergroup\align@qed
+    }%
+  }
+  \def\align@qed{%
+    \ifmeasuring@ \tag*{\qedsymbol}%
+    \else \let\math@cr@@@\qed@tag
+    \fi
+  }
+  \@xp\let\csname align*@qed\endcsname\align@qed
+  \@xp\let\csname gather*@qed\endcsname\align@qed
+%% Needs some patching up for amsmath 1.2
+}{% end of amsmath branch, start plain LaTeX branch
+  \def\math@qedhere{%
+    \@ifundefined{\@currenvir @qed}{%
+      \qed@warning \aftergroup\displaymath@qed
+    }{%
+      \@xp\aftergroup\csname\@currenvir @qed\endcsname
+    }%
+  }
+  \def\displaymath@qed{%
+    \relax
+    \ifmmode
+      \ifinner \aftergroup\aftergroup\aftergroup\linebox@qed
+      \else
+        \eqno \def\@badmath{$$}%
+        \let\eqno\relax \let\leqno\relax \let\veqno\relax
+        \hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+      \fi
+    \else
+       \aftergroup\linebox@qed
+    \fi
+  }
+  \@ifundefined{ver@leqno.clo}{%
+    \def\equation@qed{\displaymath@qed \quad}%
+  }{%
+    \def\equation@qed{\displaymath@qed}%
+  }
+  \def\@tempa#1$#2#3\@nil{%
+    \def\[{#1$#2\def\@currenvir{displaymath}#3}%
+  }%
+  \expandafter\@tempa\[\@nil
+}
+\@ifpackageloaded{amstex}{%
+  \def\@tempa{TT}%
+}{%
+  \@ifpackageloaded{amsmath}{%
+    \def\@tempb#1 v#2.#3\@nil{#2}%
+    \ifnum\@xp\@xp\@xp\@tempb\csname ver@amsmath.sty\endcsname v0.0\@nil
+       <\tw@
+      \def\@tempa{TT}%
+    \else
+      \def\@tempa{TF}%
+    \fi
+  }{%
+    \def\@tempa{TF}
+  }%
+}
+\if\@tempa
+  \renewcommand{\math@qedhere}{\quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}}%
+\fi
+\newcommand{\openbox}{\leavevmode
+  \hbox to.77778em{%
+  \hfil\vrule
+  \vbox to.675em{\hrule width.6em\vfil\hrule}%
+  \vrule\hfil}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\textsquare}{%
+  \begingroup \usefont{U}{msa}{m}{n}\thr@@\endgroup
+}
+\@ifclasswith{\@classname}{noamsfonts}{%
+  \providecommand{\qedsymbol}{\openbox}%
+}{}
+\providecommand{\qedsymbol}{\textsquare}
+\newenvironment{proof}[1][\proofname]{\par
+  \pushQED{\qed}%
+  \normalfont \topsep6\p@\@plus6\p@\relax
+  \trivlist
+  \item[\hskip\labelsep
+        \itshape
+    #1\@addpunct{.}]\ignorespaces
+}{%
+  \popQED\endtrivlist\@endpefalse
+}
+\providecommand{\proofname}{Proof}
+\def\bb@skip#1{%
+  \skip@#1\relax \advance\skip@-\prevdepth \advance\skip@-\baselineskip
+  \vskip\skip@}
+\def\markleft#1{{\let\protect\noexpand
+    \let\label\relax \let\index\relax \let\glossary\relax
+    \expandafter\@markleft\@themark{#1}%
+    \mark{\@themark}}%
+  \if@nobreak\ifvmode\nobreak\fi\fi}
+\def\@markleft#1#2#3{\gdef\@themark{{#3}{#2}}}
+\def\@tempa{}
+\edef\@dh{%
+  \noexpand\mathhexbox{\hexnumber@\symAMSb}67}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\dh}{OT1}{%
+  \edef\@tempb{\scdefault}%
+  \ifx\f@shape\@tempb
+    \leavevmode
+    \raisebox{-.8ex}{\makebox[\z@][l]{\hskip-.08em\accent"16\hss}}d%
+  \else
+    \@dh
+  \fi
+}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\DH}{OT1}{%
+  \leavevmode\raisebox{-.5ex}{\makebox[\z@][l]{\hskip-.07em\accent"16\hss}}D}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\DJ}{OT1}{%
+  \leavevmode\raisebox{-.5ex}{\makebox[\z@][l]{\hskip-.07em\accent"16\hss}}D}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\dj}{OT1}{%
+  \edef\@tempa{\f@shape}\edef\@tempb{\scdefault}%
+  \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+    \leavevmode
+    \raisebox{-.75ex}{\makebox[\z@][l]{\hskip-.08em\accent"16\hss}}d%
+  \else
+    \leavevmode\raisebox{.02ex}{\makebox[\z@][l]{\hskip.1em\accent"16\hss}}d%
+  \fi}
+\hyphenation{acad-e-my acad-e-mies af-ter-thought anom-aly anom-alies
+an-ti-deriv-a-tive an-tin-o-my an-tin-o-mies apoth-e-o-ses
+apoth-e-o-sis ap-pen-dix ar-che-typ-al as-sign-a-ble as-sist-ant-ship
+as-ymp-tot-ic asyn-chro-nous at-trib-uted at-trib-ut-able bank-rupt
+bank-rupt-cy bi-dif-fer-en-tial blue-print busier busiest
+cat-a-stroph-ic cat-a-stroph-i-cally con-gress cross-hatched data-base
+de-fin-i-tive de-riv-a-tive dis-trib-ute dri-ver dri-vers eco-nom-ics
+econ-o-mist elit-ist equi-vari-ant ex-quis-ite ex-tra-or-di-nary
+flow-chart for-mi-da-ble forth-right friv-o-lous ge-o-des-ic
+ge-o-det-ic geo-met-ric griev-ance griev-ous griev-ous-ly
+hexa-dec-i-mal ho-lo-no-my ho-mo-thetic ideals idio-syn-crasy
+in-fin-ite-ly in-fin-i-tes-i-mal ir-rev-o-ca-ble key-stroke
+lam-en-ta-ble light-weight mal-a-prop-ism man-u-script mar-gin-al
+meta-bol-ic me-tab-o-lism meta-lan-guage me-trop-o-lis
+met-ro-pol-i-tan mi-nut-est mol-e-cule mono-chrome mono-pole
+mo-nop-oly mono-spline mo-not-o-nous mul-ti-fac-eted mul-ti-plic-able
+non-euclid-ean non-iso-mor-phic non-smooth par-a-digm par-a-bol-ic
+pa-rab-o-loid pa-ram-e-trize para-mount pen-ta-gon phe-nom-e-non
+post-script pre-am-ble pro-ce-dur-al pro-hib-i-tive pro-hib-i-tive-ly
+pseu-do-dif-fer-en-tial pseu-do-fi-nite pseu-do-nym qua-drat-ic
+quad-ra-ture qua-si-smooth qua-si-sta-tion-ary qua-si-tri-an-gu-lar
+quin-tes-sence quin-tes-sen-tial re-arrange-ment rec-tan-gle
+ret-ri-bu-tion retro-fit retro-fit-ted right-eous right-eous-ness
+ro-bot ro-bot-ics sched-ul-ing se-mes-ter semi-def-i-nite
+semi-ho-mo-thet-ic set-up se-vere-ly side-step sov-er-eign spe-cious
+spher-oid spher-oid-al star-tling star-tling-ly sta-tis-tics
+sto-chas-tic straight-est strange-ness strat-a-gem strong-hold
+sum-ma-ble symp-to-matic syn-chro-nous topo-graph-i-cal tra-vers-a-ble
+tra-ver-sal tra-ver-sals treach-ery turn-around un-at-tached
+un-err-ing-ly white-space wide-spread wing-spread wretch-ed
+wretch-ed-ly Eng-lish Euler-ian Feb-ru-ary Gauss-ian
+Hamil-ton-ian Her-mit-ian Jan-u-ary Japan-ese Kor-te-weg
+Le-gendre Mar-kov-ian Noe-ther-ian No-vem-ber Rie-mann-ian Sep-tem-ber}
+\def\calclayout{\advance\textheight -\headheight
+  \advance\textheight -\headsep
+  \oddsidemargin\paperwidth
+  \advance\oddsidemargin -\textwidth
+  \divide\oddsidemargin\tw@
+  \ifdim\oddsidemargin<.5truein \oddsidemargin.5truein \fi
+  \advance\oddsidemargin -1truein
+  \evensidemargin\oddsidemargin
+  \topmargin\paperheight \advance\topmargin -\textheight
+  \advance\topmargin -\headheight \advance\topmargin -\headsep
+  \divide\topmargin\tw@
+  \ifdim\topmargin<.5truein \topmargin.5truein \fi
+  \advance\topmargin -1truein\relax
+}
+\InputIfFileExists{amsart.cfg}{}{%
+  \calclayout % initialize
+  \pagenumbering{arabic}%
+  \pagestyle{headings}%
+  \thispagestyle{plain}%
+}
+\if@compatibility \else\endinput\fi
+\def\tiny{\Tiny}
+\def\defaultfont{\normalfont}
+\def\rom{\textup}
+\let\@newpf\proof \let\proof\relax \let\endproof\relax
+\newenvironment{pf}{\@newpf[\proofname]}{\popQED\endtrivlist}
+\newenvironment{pf*}[1]{\@newpf[#1]}{\popQED\endtrivlist}
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `amsart.cls'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsbook.cls b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsbook.cls
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bce71739d58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsbook.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1871 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `amsbook.cls',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% amsclass.dtx  (with options: `amsbook,classes')
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @LaTeX-file{
+%%%   filename  = "amsclass.dtx",
+%%%   version   = "2.20",
+%%%   date      = "2004/08/06",
+%%%   time      = "13:03:53 EDT",
+%%%   checksum  = "53558 5204 20497 185872",
+%%%   author    = "American Mathematical Society",
+%%%   copyright = "Copyright 1995, 1999, 2004
+%%%                American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                all rights reserved.  Copying of this file is
+%%%                authorized only if either:
+%%%                (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy,
+%%%                including name; OR
+%%%                (2) if you do make changes, you first rename it
+%%%                to some other name.",
+%%%   address   = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                Technical Support,
+%%%                Publications Technical Group,
+%%%                201 Charles Street,
+%%%                Providence, RI 02904,
+%%%                USA",
+%%%   telephone = "401-455-4080 or (in the USA and Canada)
+%%%                800-321-4AMS (321-4267)",
+%%%   FAX       = "401-331-3842",
+%%%   email     = "tech-support@ams.org (Internet)",
+%%%   codetable = "ISO/ASCII",
+%%%   keywords  = "latex, AMS, documentclass, theorem",
+%%%   supported = "yes",
+%%%   abstract  = "This is the source for the amsthm package and three
+%%%                AMS document classes: amsart, amsproc, and amsbook.
+%%%                They are designed for use with LaTeX.",
+%%%   docstring = "The checksum field above contains a CRC-16 checksum
+%%%                as the first value, followed by the equivalent of
+%%%                the standard UNIX wc (word count) utility output of
+%%%                lines, words, and characters.  This is produced by
+%%%                Robert Solovay's checksum utility.",
+%%% }
+%%% ====================================================================
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}% LaTeX 2.09 can't be used (nor non-LaTeX)
+[1995/06/01]% LaTeX date must be June 1995 or later
+\ProvidesClass{amsbook}[2004/08/06 v2.20]
+\global\expandafter\let\csname ver@amsthm.sty\expandafter\endcsname
+  \csname ver@\@currname.\@currext\endcsname
+\let\@xp=\expandafter
+\let\@nx=\noexpand
+\def\@oparg#1[#2]{\@ifnextchar[{#1}{#1[#2]}}
+\long\def\@ifempty#1{\@xifempty#1@@..\@nil}
+\long\def\@xifempty#1#2@#3#4#5\@nil{%
+  \ifx#3#4\@xp\@firstoftwo\else\@xp\@secondoftwo\fi}
+\long\def\@ifnotempty#1{\@ifempty{#1}{}}
+\def\setboxz@h{\setbox\z@\hbox}
+\def\@addpunct#1{%
+  \relax\ifhmode
+    \ifnum\spacefactor>\@m \else#1\fi
+  \fi}
+\def\nopunct{\spacefactor 1007 }
+\def\frenchspacing{\sfcode`\.1006\sfcode`\?1005\sfcode`\!1004%
+  \sfcode`\:1003\sfcode`\;1002\sfcode`\,1001 }
+\def\@tempa#1#2\@nil{\edef\@classname{#1}}
+\expandafter\@tempa\@currnamestack{}{}{}\@nil
+\ifx\@classname\@empty \edef\@classname{\@currname}\fi
+\def\@True{00}
+\def\@False{01}
+\newcommand\newswitch[2][False]{%
+  \expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname ?@#2\endcsname{%
+    \global\expandafter\let\csname ?@#2\expandafter\endcsname
+      \csname @#1\endcsname
+  }%
+}
+\newcommand{\setFalse}[1]{%
+  \expandafter\let\csname ?@#1\endcsname\@False
+}
+\newcommand{\setTrue}[1]{%
+  \expandafter\let\csname ?@#1\endcsname\@True
+}
+\newswitch{}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\except}[1]{%
+  \if\csname ?@#1\endcsname \expandafter\@gobble
+  \else \expandafter\@firstofone
+  \fi
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\for}[1]{%
+  \if\csname ?@#1\endcsname \expandafter\@firstofone
+  \else \expandafter\@gobble
+  \fi
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\forany}[1]{%
+  \csname for@any@01\endcsname#1,?,\@nil
+}
+\@namedef{for@any@\@False}#1,{%
+  \csname for@any@%
+    \csname ?@\zap@space#1 \@empty\endcsname
+  \endcsname
+}
+\@namedef{?@?}{x}
+\@namedef{for@any@\@True}#1\@nil#2{#2}
+\def\for@any@x{\@car\@gobble}
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}{\paperheight 297mm\paperwidth 210mm
+  \textheight 54.5pc }
+\DeclareOption{letterpaper}{\paperheight 11in\paperwidth 8.5in }
+\DeclareOption{landscape}{\@tempdima\paperheight
+  \paperheight\paperwidth \paperwidth\@tempdima}
+\DeclareOption{portrait}{}
+\DeclareOption{oneside}{\@twosidefalse \@mparswitchfalse}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue  \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\overfullrule5\p@
+  \ClassWarningNoLine{\@classname}{%
+    When the draft option is used, the
+      \protect\includegraphics\MessageBreak
+    command will print blank placeholder boxes\MessageBreak
+    for the graphics}%
+}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\overfullrule\z@ }
+\def\dateposted#1{\def\@dateposted{#1}}%
+\let\@dateposted\@empty
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\DeclareOption{titlepage}{\@titlepagetrue}
+\DeclareOption{notitlepage}{\@titlepagefalse}
+\newif\if@openright
+\DeclareOption{openright}{\@openrighttrue}
+\DeclareOption{openany}{\@openrightfalse}
+\@openrighttrue
+\DeclareOption{onecolumn}{\@twocolumnfalse}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{nomath}{}
+\DeclareOption{noamsfonts}{}
+\DeclareOption{psamsfonts}{%
+  \PassOptionsToPackage{psamsfonts}{amsfonts}%
+  \PassOptionsToPackage{cmex10}{amsmath}}
+\newif\iftagsleft@
+\DeclareOption{leqno}{%
+  \tagsleft@true \PassOptionsToPackage{leqno}{amsmath}}
+\DeclareOption{reqno}{%
+  \tagsleft@false \PassOptionsToPackage{reqno}{amsmath}}
+\newif\ifctagsplit@
+\DeclareOption{centertags}{%
+  \ctagsplit@true \PassOptionsToPackage{centertags}{amsmath}}
+\DeclareOption{tbtags}{%
+  \ctagsplit@false \PassOptionsToPackage{tbtags}{amsmath}}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{}%
+\newcommand{\@mainsize}{10}
+\newcommand{\@ptsize}{0}
+\newcommand{\larger}[1][1]{%
+  \count@\@currsizeindex \advance\count@#1\relax
+  \ifnum\count@<\z@ \count@\z@ \else\ifnum\count@>12 \count@12 \fi\fi
+  \ifcase\count@
+    \Tiny\or\Tiny\or\tiny\or\SMALL\or\Small\or\small
+    \or\normalsize
+    \or\large\or\Large\or\LARGE\or\huge\or\Huge\else\Huge
+  \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\smaller}[1][1]{\larger[-#1]}
+\def\@adjustvertspacing{%
+  \bigskipamount.7\baselineskip plus.7\baselineskip
+  \medskipamount\bigskipamount \divide\medskipamount\tw@
+  \smallskipamount\medskipamount \divide\smallskipamount\tw@
+  \abovedisplayskip\medskipamount
+  \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+  \abovedisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+  \advance\abovedisplayshortskip-1\abovedisplayskip
+  \belowdisplayshortskip\abovedisplayshortskip
+  \advance\belowdisplayshortskip 1\smallskipamount
+  \jot\baselineskip \divide\jot 4 \relax
+}
+\renewcommand\normalsize{\@xsetfontsize\normalsize 6%
+  \@adjustvertspacing \let\@listi\@listI}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\Tiny}{\@xsetfontsize\Tiny 1}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\tiny}{\@xsetfontsize\tiny 2}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\SMALL}{\@xsetfontsize\SMALL 3}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\Small}{\@xsetfontsize\Small 4%
+  \@adjustvertspacing
+  \def\@listi{\topsep\smallskipamount \parsep\z@skip \itemsep\z@skip
+    \leftmargin=\leftmargini
+    \labelwidth=\leftmargini \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+  }%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\small}{\@xsetfontsize\small 5\@adjustvertspacing}
+\def\footnotesize{\Small}
+\def\scriptsize{\SMALL}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\large}{\@xsetfontsize\large 7\@adjustvertspacing}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\Large}{\@xsetfontsize\Large 8\@adjustvertspacing}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\LARGE}{\@xsetfontsize\LARGE 9}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\huge}{\@xsetfontsize\huge{10}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\Huge}{\@xsetfontsize\Huge{11}}
+\def\@xsetfontsize#1#2{%
+  \chardef\@currsizeindex#2\relax
+  \edef\@tempa{\@nx\@setfontsize\@nx#1%
+    \@xp\ifcase\@xp\@currsizeindex\@typesizes
+      \else{99}{99}\fi}%
+  \@tempa
+}
+\chardef\@currsizeindex=6
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\brokenpenalty=10000
+\newdimen\linespacing
+\lineskip=1pt \lineskiplimit=1pt
+\normallineskip=1pt \normallineskiplimit=1pt
+\let\baselinestretch=\@empty
+\headheight=8pt \headsep=14pt
+\footskip=18pt
+\textheight=50.5pc \topskip=10pt
+\textwidth=30pc
+\columnsep=10pt \columnseprule=0pt
+\marginparwidth=90pt
+\marginparsep=11pt
+\marginparpush=5pt
+\AtBeginDocument{\settoheight{\footnotesep}{\footnotesize M$^1$}}
+\skip\footins=7pt plus11pt
+\skip\@mpfootins=\skip\footins
+\fboxsep=3pt \fboxrule=.4pt
+\arrayrulewidth=.4pt    \doublerulesep=2pt
+\labelsep=5pt           \arraycolsep=\labelsep
+\tabcolsep=\labelsep    \tabbingsep=\labelsep
+\floatsep=15pt plus 12pt    \dblfloatsep=15pt plus 12pt
+\textfloatsep=\floatsep  \dbltextfloatsep=15pt plus 12pt
+\intextsep=\floatsep
+\@fptop=0pt plus1fil     \@dblfptop=0pt plus1fil
+\@fpbot=0pt plus1fil     \@dblfpbot=0pt plus1fil
+\@fpsep=8pt plus2fil     \@dblfpsep=8pt plus2fil\relax
+\parskip=0pt \relax
+\newdimen\normalparindent
+\normalparindent=18pt
+\parindent=\normalparindent
+\partopsep=0pt \relax \parsep=0pt \relax \itemsep=0pt \relax
+\@lowpenalty=51         \@medpenalty=151        \@highpenalty=301
+\@beginparpenalty=-\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty=-\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty=-\@lowpenalty
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\def\@mainsize{10}\def\@ptsize{0}%
+  \def\@typesizes{%
+    \or{5}{6}\or{6}{7}\or{7}{8}\or{8}{10}\or{9}{11}%
+    \or{10}{12}% normalsize
+    \or{\@xipt}{13}\or{\@xiipt}{14}\or{\@xivpt}{17}%
+    \or{\@xviipt}{20}\or{\@xxpt}{24}}%
+  \normalsize \linespacing=\baselineskip
+}
+\DeclareOption{11pt}{\def\@mainsize{11}\def\@ptsize{1}%
+  \def\@typesizes{%
+    \or{6}{7}\or{7}{8}\or{8}{10}\or{9}{11}\or{10}{12}%
+    \or{\@xipt}{13}% normalsize
+    \or{\@xiipt}{14}\or{\@xivpt}{17}\or{\@xviipt}{20}%
+    \or{\@xxpt}{24}\or{\@xxvpt}{30}}%
+  \normalsize \linespacing=\baselineskip
+}
+\DeclareOption{12pt}{\def\@mainsize{12}\def\@ptsize{2}%
+  \def\@typesizes{%
+    \or{7}{8}\or{8}{10}\or{9}{11}\or{10}{12}\or{\@xipt}{13}%
+    \or{\@xiipt}{14}% normalsize
+    \or{\@xivpt}{17}\or{\@xviipt}{20}\or{\@xxpt}{24}%
+    \or{\@xxvpt}{30}\or{\@xxvpt}{30}}%
+  \normalsize \linespacing=\baselineskip
+}
+\DeclareOption{8pt}{\def\@mainsize{8}\def\@ptsize{8}%
+  \def\@typesizes{%
+    \or{5}{6}\or{5}{6}\or{5}{6}\or{6}{7}\or{7}{8}%
+    \or{8}{10}% normalsize
+    \or{9}{11}\or{10}{12}\or{\@xipt}{13}%
+    \or{\@xiipt}{14}\or{\@xivpt}{17}}%
+  \normalsize \linespacing=\baselineskip
+}
+\DeclareOption{9pt}{\def\@mainsize{9}\def\@ptsize{9}%
+  \def\@typesizes{%
+    \or{5}{6}\or{5}{6}\or{6}{7}\or{7}{8}\or{8}{10}%
+    \or{9}{11}% normalsize
+    \or{10}{12}\or{\@xipt}{13}\or{\@xiipt}{14}%
+    \or{\@xivpt}{17}\or{\@xviipt}{20}}%
+  \normalsize \linespacing=\baselineskip
+}
+\def\ps@empty{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+  \let\@oddhead\@empty \let\@evenhead\@empty
+  \let\@oddfoot\@empty \let\@evenfoot\@empty
+  \global\topskip\normaltopskip}
+\def\ps@plain{\ps@empty
+  \def\@oddfoot{\normalfont\scriptsize \hfil\thepage\hfil}%
+  \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}
+\newswitch{runhead}
+\def\ps@headings{\ps@empty
+  \def\@evenhead{%
+    \setTrue{runhead}%
+    \normalfont\scriptsize
+    \rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+    \def\thanks{\protect\thanks@warning}%
+    \leftmark{}{}\hfil}%
+  \def\@oddhead{%
+    \setTrue{runhead}%
+    \normalfont\scriptsize \hfil
+    \def\thanks{\protect\thanks@warning}%
+    \rightmark{}{}\hfil \llap{\thepage}}%
+  \let\@mkboth\markboth
+  \def\partmark{\@secmark\markboth\partrunhead\partname}%
+  \def\chaptermark{%
+    \@secmark\markboth\chapterrunhead{}}%
+  \def\sectionmark{%
+    \@secmark\markright\sectionrunhead\sectionname}%
+}
+\let\sectionname\@empty
+\let\subsectionname\@empty
+\let\subsubsectionname\@empty
+\let\paragraphname\@empty
+\let\subparagraphname\@empty
+\def\leftmark{\expandafter\@firstoftwo\topmark{}{}}
+\def\rightmark{\expandafter\@secondoftwo\botmark{}{}}
+\long\def\@nilgobble#1\@nil{}
+\def\@secmark#1#2#3#4{%
+  \begingroup \let\protect\@unexpandable@protect
+  \edef\@tempa{\endgroup \toks@{\protect#2{#3}{\@secnumber}}}%
+  \@tempa
+  \toks@\@xp{\the\toks@{#4}}%
+  \afterassignment\@nilgobble\@temptokena\@themark{}\@nil
+  \edef\@tempa{\@nx\@mkboth{%
+    \ifx\markright#1\the\@temptokena\else\the\toks@\fi}{\the\toks@}}%
+  \@tempa}
+\let\@secnumber\@empty
+\def\markboth#1#2{%
+  \begingroup
+    \@temptokena{{#1}{#2}}\xdef\@themark{\the\@temptokena}%
+    \mark{\the\@temptokena}%
+  \endgroup
+  \if@nobreak\ifvmode\nobreak\fi\fi}
+\def\ps@myheadings{\ps@headings \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo}
+\newskip\normaltopskip
+\normaltopskip=10pt \relax
+\let\sectionmark\@gobble
+\let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+\let\subsubsectionmark\@gobble
+\let\paragraphmark\@gobble
+
+\DeclareOption{makeidx}{}
+\ExecuteOptions{leqno,centertags,letterpaper,portrait,%
+  10pt,twoside,onecolumn,final}
+\ProcessOptions\relax
+\if@compatibility
+  \def\@tempa{\RequirePackage{amstex}\relax}%
+\else
+  \@ifclasswith{\@classname}{nomath}{%
+    \let\@tempa\relax
+  }{%
+    \def\@tempa{\RequirePackage{amsmath}\relax}%
+  }%
+\fi
+\@tempa % load amstex.sty or amsmath.sty
+\@ifundefined{numberwithin}{%
+  \newcommand{\numberwithin}[3][\arabic]{%
+    \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@nocounterr{#2}}{%
+      \@ifundefined{c@#3}{\@nocnterr{#3}}{%
+        \@addtoreset{#2}{#3}%
+        \@xp\xdef\csname the#2\endcsname{%
+          \@xp\@nx\csname the#3\endcsname .\@nx#1{#2}}}}%
+  }
+  \csname newtoks\endcsname\@emptytoks
+}{}
+\if@compatibility
+\else
+  \@ifclasswith{\@classname}{noamsfonts}{%
+    % amsfonts package is not wanted
+  }{%
+    % amsfonts package IS wanted; test whether a recent enough version
+    % seems to be installed
+    \begingroup \fontencoding{U}\fontfamily{msa}\try@load@fontshape\endgroup
+    \global\@xp\let\csname U+msa\endcsname\relax % reset
+    \@ifundefined{U/msa/m/n}{%
+      \ClassError{\@classname}{%
+  Package `amsfonts' not installed, or version too old?\MessageBreak
+  Unable to get font info for the `msam' fonts in the expected form%
+      }{%
+  The amsfonts package will not be loaded, to avoid probable\MessageBreak
+  incompatibility problems. You can (a) use the `noamsfonts'
+      documentclass\MessageBreak
+  option next time, or (b) check that the amsfonts package is
+      installed\MessageBreak
+  correctly, and is not too old to be compatible.%
+      }%
+    }{%
+      \RequirePackage{amsfonts}[1995/01/01]\relax
+    }%
+  }
+\fi % end yesamsfonts branch
+\let\cleardouble@page\cleardoublepage
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \ifx\cleardouble@page\cleardoublepage
+    \def\cleardoublepage{\clearpage{\pagestyle{empty}\cleardouble@page}}
+  \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\uppercasenonmath}[1]{\toks@\@emptytoks
+  \@xp\@skipmath\@xp\@empty#1$$%
+  \edef#1{{\@nx\protect\@nx\@upprep\the\toks@}}%
+}
+\newcommand{\@upprep}{%
+  \spaceskip1.3\fontdimen2\font plus1.3\fontdimen3\font
+  \upchars@}
+\newcommand{\upchars@}{%
+  \def\ss{SS}\def\i{I}\def\j{J}\def\ae{\AE}\def\oe{\OE}%
+  \def\o{\O}\def\aa{\AA}\def\l{\L}\def\Mc{M{\scshape c}}}
+\providecommand{\Mc}{Mc}
+\newcommand{\@skipmath}{}
+\long\def\@skipmath#1$#2${%
+  \@xskipmath#1\(\)%
+  \@ifnotempty{#2}{\toks@\@xp{\the\toks@$#2$}\@skipmath\@empty}}%
+\newcommand{\@xskipmath}{}
+\long\def\@xskipmath#1\(#2\){%
+  \uppercase{\toks@\@xp\@xp\@xp{\@xp\the\@xp\toks@#1}}%
+  \@ifnotempty{#2}{\toks@\@xp{\the\toks@\(#2\)}\@xskipmath\@empty}}%
+\def\altucnm#1{%
+  \MakeTextUppercase{\toks@{#1}}%
+  \edef#1{\the\toks@}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \@ifundefined{MakeTextUppercase}{}{\let\uppercasenonmath\altucnm}%
+}
+\@ifundefined{MakeUppercase}{\let\MakeUppercase\uppercase}{}%
+\newcommand{\today}{%
+  \relax\ifcase\month\or
+  January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+  July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+  \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+%%\if@compatibility
+%%\else
+%%  \def\@obsolete@fontswitch#1#2#3{%
+%%    \@latex@warning@no@line{%
+%%      Command {\string#1...}\on@line\space is obsolete;\MessageBreak
+%%      the LaTeX2e equivalent is \string#3{...}}%
+%%    \gdef#1{\@fontswitch\relax#3}%
+%%  }
+%%  \DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{%
+%%    \@xp\@obsolete@fontswitch\csname cal \endcsname\relax\mathcal}
+%%  \DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{%
+%%    \@xp\@obsolete@fontswitch\csname mit \endcsname\relax\mathnormal}
+%%\fi
+\renewcommand*{\title}[2][]{\gdef\shorttitle{#1}\gdef\@title{#2}}
+\edef\title{\@nx\@dblarg
+  \@xp\@nx\csname\string\title\endcsname}
+\renewcommand{\author}[2][]{%
+  \ifx\@empty\authors
+    \gdef\authors{#2}%
+  \else
+    \g@addto@macro\authors{\and#2}%
+    \g@addto@macro\addresses{\author{}}%
+  \fi
+  \@ifnotempty{#1}{%
+    \ifx\@empty\shortauthors
+      \gdef\shortauthors{#1}%
+    \else
+      \g@addto@macro\shortauthors{\and#1}%
+    \fi
+  }%
+}
+\edef\author{\@nx\@dblarg
+  \@xp\@nx\csname\string\author\endcsname}
+\let\shortauthors\@empty   \let\authors\@empty
+\let\addresses\@empty      \let\thankses\@empty
+\newcommand{\address}[2][]{\g@addto@macro\addresses{\address{#1}{#2}}}
+\newcommand{\curraddr}[2][]{\g@addto@macro\addresses{\curraddr{#1}{#2}}}
+\newcommand{\email}[2][]{\g@addto@macro\addresses{\email{#1}{#2}}}
+\newcommand{\urladdr}[2][]{\g@addto@macro\addresses{\urladdr{#1}{#2}}}
+\long\def\thanks@warning#1{%
+  \ClassError{\@classname}{%
+    \protect\thanks\space should be given separately, not inside author name.%
+  }\@ehb
+}
+\renewcommand{\thanks}[1]{%
+  \@ifnotempty{#1}{\g@addto@macro\thankses{\thanks{#1}}}%
+}
+\def\curraddrname{{\itshape Current address}}
+\def\emailaddrname{{\itshape E-mail address}}
+\def\urladdrname{{\itshape URL}}
+\def\@setaddresses{\par
+  \nobreak \begingroup
+  \def\author##1{\nobreak\addvspace\bigskipamount}%
+  \def\\{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+  \interlinepenalty\@M
+  \def\address##1##2{\begingroup
+    \par\addvspace\bigskipamount\indent
+    \@ifnotempty{##1}{(\ignorespaces##1\unskip) }%
+    {\scshape\ignorespaces##2}\par\endgroup}%
+  \def\curraddr##1##2{\begingroup
+    \@ifnotempty{##2}{\nobreak\indent\curraddrname
+      \@ifnotempty{##1}{, \ignorespaces##1\unskip}\/:\space
+      ##2\par}\endgroup}%
+  \def\email##1##2{\begingroup
+    \@ifnotempty{##2}{\nobreak\indent\emailaddrname
+      \@ifnotempty{##1}{, \ignorespaces##1\unskip}\/:\space
+      \ttfamily##2\par}\endgroup}%
+  \def\urladdr##1##2{\begingroup
+    \def~{\char`\~}%
+    \@ifnotempty{##2}{\nobreak\indent\urladdrname
+      \@ifnotempty{##1}{, \ignorespaces##1\unskip}\/:\space
+      \ttfamily##2\par}\endgroup}%
+  \addresses
+  \endgroup
+}
+\let\@date\@empty
+\def\dedicatory#1{\def\@dedicatory{#1}}
+\let\@dedicatory=\@empty
+\def\keywords#1{\def\@keywords{#1}}
+\let\@keywords=\@empty
+\newcommand*\subjclass[2][1991]{%
+  \def\@subjclass{#2}%
+  \@ifundefined{subjclassname@#1}{%
+    \ClassWarning{\@classname}{Unknown edition (#1) of Mathematics
+      Subject Classification; using '1991'.}%
+  }{%
+    \@xp\let\@xp\subjclassname\csname subjclassname@#1\endcsname
+  }%
+}
+\let\@subjclass=\@empty
+\def\translname{Translated by}
+\def\translator#1{%
+  \ifx\@empty\@translators \def\@translators{#1}%
+  \else\g@addto@macro\@translators{\and#1}\fi}
+\let\@translators=\@empty
+\newcommand{\xandlist}[4]{\@andlista{{#1}{#2}{#3}}#4\and\and}
+\def\@andlista#1#2\and#3\and{\@andlistc{#2}\@ifnotempty{#3}{%
+  \@andlistb#1{#3}}}
+\def\@andlistb#1#2#3#4#5\and{%
+  \@ifempty{#5}{%
+    \@andlistc{#2#4}%
+  }{%
+    \@andlistc{#1#4}\@andlistb{#1}{#3}{#3}{#5}%
+  }}
+\let\@andlistc\@iden
+\newcommand{\nxandlist}[4]{%
+  \def\@andlistc##1{\toks@\@xp{\the\toks@##1}}%
+  \toks@{\toks@\@emptytoks \@andlista{{#1}{#2}{#3}}}%
+  \the\@xp\toks@#4\and\and
+  \edef#4{\the\toks@}%
+  \let\@andlistc\@iden}
+\def\@@and{and}
+\newcommand{\andify}{%
+  \nxandlist{\unskip, }{\unskip{} \@@and~}{\unskip, \@@and~}}
+\def\and{\unskip{ }\@@and{ }\ignorespaces}
+\newcommand{\copyrightinfo}[2]{%
+  \def\copyrightyear{#1}%
+  \@ifnotempty{#2}{\def\copyrightholder{#2}}%
+}
+\copyrightinfo{0000}{(copyright holder)}
+\newinsert\copyins
+\skip\copyins=1.5pc
+\count\copyins=1000 % magnification factor, 1000 = 100%
+\dimen\copyins=.5\textheight % maximum allowed per page
+\g@addto@macro\@reinserts{%
+  \ifvoid\copyins\else\insert\copyins{\unvbox\copyins}\fi
+}
+\def\@copyinsfontsize{\fontsize{6}{7\p@}\normalfont\upshape}
+\newif\if@extracrline  \@extracrlinefalse
+\let\@extracrline\@empty
+\relax
+\def\@setcopyright{%
+  \ifx\@empty\@serieslogo
+  \else\ifx\@empty\copyrightyear
+  \else
+    \insert\copyins{\hsize\textwidth
+      \parfillskip\z@\relax
+      \leftskip\z@\@plus.9\textwidth\relax \rightskip\z@\relax
+      \@copyinsfontsize
+      \everypar{}%
+      \vskip-\skip\copyins
+      \if@extracrline
+        \vskip-6pt
+      \fi
+      \nointerlineskip
+      \leavevmode\hfill\vrule\@width\z@\@height\skip\copyins
+      \copyright\copyrightyear\ \copyrightholder\ignorespaces
+      \if@extracrline \@extracrline \fi
+      \par
+      \kern\z@}%
+  \fi\fi
+}
+\def\@combinefloats{%
+  \ifx \@toplist\@empty \else \@cflt \fi
+  \ifx \@botlist\@empty \else \@cflb \fi
+  \ifvoid\copyins \else \@cflci \fi
+}
+\def\@cflci{%
+  \setbox\@outputbox\vbox{%
+    \unvbox\@outputbox
+    \vskip\skip\copyins
+    \if@twocolumn \else \vskip\z@ plus\p@ \fi
+    \hbox to\columnwidth{%
+      \hss\vbox to\z@{\vss
+        \if@twocolumn
+          \if@firstcolumn \else \unvbox\copyins \fi
+        \else
+          \unvbox\copyins
+        \fi
+        }}}%
+  \if@twocolumn \if@firstcolumn
+    \insert\copyins{\unvbox\copyins}%
+  \fi\fi
+  \global\count\copyins=999 \relax
+}
+\newcommand{\abstractname}{Abstract}
+\newcommand{\keywordsname}{Key words and phrases}
+\newcommand{\subjclassname}{%
+  \textup{1991} Mathematics Subject Classification}
+\@xp\let\csname subjclassname@1991\endcsname \subjclassname
+\@namedef{subjclassname@2000}{%
+  \textup{2000} Mathematics Subject Classification}
+\def\@tempb{amsbook}
+\ifx\@classname\@tempb
+  \newcommand{\datename}{\textit{Date}:}
+\else
+  \newcommand{\datename}{Received by the editors}
+\fi
+\def\@setthanks{\def\thanks##1{\par##1\@addpunct.}\thankses}
+\newbox\abstractbox
+\newenvironment{abstract}{%
+  \ifx\maketitle\relax
+    \ClassWarning{\@classname}{Abstract should precede
+      \protect\maketitle\space in AMS document classes; reported}%
+  \fi
+  \global\setbox\abstractbox=\vtop \bgroup
+    \normalfont\Small
+    \list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+      \leftmargin3pc \rightmargin\leftmargin
+      \listparindent\normalparindent \itemindent\z@
+      \parsep\z@ \@plus\p@
+      \let\fullwidthdisplay\relax
+    }%
+    \item[\hskip\labelsep\scshape\abstractname.]%
+}{%
+  \endlist\egroup
+  \ifx\@setabstract\relax \@setabstracta \fi
+}
+\def\@setabstract{\@setabstracta \global\let\@setabstract\relax}
+\def\@setabstracta{%
+  \ifvoid\abstractbox
+  \else
+    \skip@20\p@ \advance\skip@-\lastskip
+    \advance\skip@-\baselineskip \vskip\skip@
+    \box\abstractbox
+    \prevdepth\z@ % because \abstractbox is a vtop
+  \fi
+}
+\def\titlepage{%
+  \cleardoublepage
+  \thispagestyle{empty}\setcounter{page}{0}}
+\def\endtitlepage{\newpage}
+\def\labelenumi{(\theenumi)}
+\def\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\def\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\def\labelenumiii{(\theenumiii)}
+\def\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\def\labelenumiv{(\theenumiv)}
+\def\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\def\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\def\labelitemi{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\def\labelitemii{\bfseries --}% \upshape already done by \itemize
+\def\labelitemiii{$\m@th\ast$}
+\def\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+\newenvironment{verse}{\let\\\@centercr
+  \list{}{\itemsep\z@ \itemindent -1.5em\listparindent\itemindent
+  \rightmargin\leftmargin \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}\item[]%
+}{%
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\endverse=\endlist % for efficiency
+\newenvironment{quotation}{\list{}{%
+    \leftmargin3pc \listparindent\normalparindent
+    \itemindent\z@
+    \rightmargin\leftmargin \parsep\z@ \@plus\p@}%
+  \item[]%
+}{%
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\endquotation=\endlist % for efficiency
+\newenvironment{quote}{%
+  \list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}\item[]%
+}{%
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\endquote=\endlist % for efficiency
+\def\trivlist{\parsep\parskip\@nmbrlistfalse
+  \@trivlist \labelwidth\z@ \leftmargin\z@
+  \itemindent\z@
+  \let\@itemlabel\@empty
+  \def\makelabel##1{\upshape##1}}
+\renewenvironment{enumerate}{%
+  \ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else
+      \advance\@enumdepth \@ne
+      \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth}\list
+      {\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}{\usecounter
+        {\@enumctr}\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{\upshape##1}}}\fi
+}{%
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\endenumerate=\endlist % for efficiency
+\renewenvironment{itemize}{%
+  \ifnum\@itemdepth>3 \@toodeep
+  \else \advance\@itemdepth\@ne
+    \edef\@itemitem{labelitem\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth}%
+    \list{\csname\@itemitem\endcsname}%
+      {\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{\upshape##1}}}%
+  \fi
+}{%
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\enditemize=\endlist % for efficiency
+\newcommand{\descriptionlabel}[1]{\hspace\labelsep \upshape\bfseries #1:}
+\newenvironment{description}{\list{}{%
+  \advance\leftmargini6\p@ \itemindent-12\p@
+  \labelwidth\z@ \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}%
+}{
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\enddescription=\endlist % for efficiency
+\let\upn=\textup
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \labelsep=5pt\relax
+  \setcounter{enumi}{13}\setcounter{enumii}{13}%
+  \setcounter{enumiii}{13}\setcounter{enumiv}{13}%
+  \settowidth\leftmargini{\labelenumi\hskip\labelsep}%
+  \advance\leftmargini by \normalparindent
+  \settowidth\leftmarginii{\labelenumii\hskip\labelsep}%
+  \settowidth\leftmarginiii{\labelenumiii\hskip\labelsep}%
+  \settowidth\leftmarginiv{\labelenumiv\hskip\labelsep}%
+  \setcounter{enumi}{0}\setcounter{enumii}{0}%
+  \setcounter{enumiii}{0}\setcounter{enumiv}{0}%
+  \leftmarginv=10pt  \leftmarginvi=\leftmarginv
+  \leftmargin=\leftmargini
+  \labelwidth=\leftmargini \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+  \@listi}
+\newskip\listisep
+\listisep\smallskipamount
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini \parsep\z@skip
+  \topsep\listisep \itemsep\z@skip
+  \listparindent\normalparindent}
+\let\@listi\@listI
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+  \topsep\z@skip \parsep\z@skip \partopsep\z@skip \itemsep\z@skip}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginiii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginiv \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginv \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginvi \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\@ifclasswith{\@classname}{fleqn}{%
+  \let\@tempa\@iden
+  \AtBeginDocument{\mathindent\leftmargini}%
+}{\let\@tempa\@gobble}%
+\@ifpackageloaded{amsmath}{\let\@tempa\@gobble}{%
+  \@ifpackageloaded{amstex}{\let\@tempa\@gobble}{}%
+}
+\@tempa{%
+  \def\[{\relax
+    \ifmmode\@badmath
+    \else
+      \begin{trivlist}%
+      \@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty
+      \@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
+      \item[]\leavevmode
+      \hbox to\linewidth\bgroup$\displaystyle
+      \hskip\mathindent\bgroup
+    \fi}%
+  \def\]{\relax
+    \ifmmode
+      \egroup \m@th$\hfil \egroup
+      \end{trivlist}%
+    \else \@badmath
+    \fi}%
+  \renewenvironment{equation}{%
+    \@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty
+    \@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
+    \refstepcounter{equation}%
+    \@topsep\abovedisplayskip \trivlist
+    \item[]\leavevmode
+    \hbox to\linewidth\bgroup\hskip\mathindent$\displaystyle
+  }{%
+    \m@th$\hfil \displaywidth\linewidth \hbox{\@eqnnum}\egroup
+    \endtrivlist
+  }%
+  \renewenvironment{eqnarray}{%
+    \stepcounter{equation}\let\@currentlabel\theequation
+    \global\@eqnswtrue \global\@eqcnt\z@ \tabskip\mathindent
+    \let\\=\@eqncr \abovedisplayskip\topsep
+    \ifvmode \advance\abovedisplayskip\partopsep \fi
+    \belowdisplayskip\abovedisplayskip
+    \belowdisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+    \abovedisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+    $$\everycr{}\halign to\linewidth\bgroup
+      \hskip\@centering
+      $\displaystyle\tabskip\z@skip####\m@th$&%
+      \@eqnsel \global\@eqcnt\@ne
+      \hfil${}####{}\m@th$\hfil&%
+      \global\@eqcnt\tw@
+      $\displaystyle ####\m@th$\hfil\tabskip\@centering&%
+      \global\@eqcnt\thr@@
+      \hbox to \z@\bgroup\hss####\egroup\tabskip\z@skip\cr
+    }{%
+      \@@eqncr \egroup \global\advance\c@equation\m@ne$$%
+      \global\@ignoretrue
+    }%
+  \newdimen\mathindent
+  \mathindent\leftmargini
+}
+\def\@startsection#1#2#3#4#5#6{%
+ \if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi
+ \par \@tempskipa #4\relax
+ \@afterindenttrue
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@ \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \@afterindentfalse\fi
+ \if@nobreak \everypar{}\else
+     \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace\@tempskipa\fi
+ \@ifstar{\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{\@m}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}%
+         {\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}%
+}
+\def\@seccntformat#1{%
+  \protect\textup{\protect\@secnumfont
+    \csname the#1\endcsname
+    \protect\@secnumpunct
+  }%
+}
+\let\@secnumfont\@empty
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+  \edef\@toclevel{\ifnum#2=\@m 0\else\number#2\fi}%
+  \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \let\@secnumber\@empty
+  \else \@xp\let\@xp\@secnumber\csname the#1\endcsname\fi
+  \@tempskipa #5\relax
+  \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+    \let\@svsec\@empty
+  \else
+    \refstepcounter{#1}%
+    \edef\@secnumpunct{%
+      \ifdim\@tempskipa>\z@ % not a run-in section heading
+        \@ifnotempty{#8}{.\@nx\enspace}%
+      \else
+        \@ifempty{#8}{.}{.\@nx\enspace}%
+      \fi
+    }%
+    \protected@edef\@svsec{%
+      \ifnum#2<\@m
+        \@ifundefined{#1name}{}{%
+          \ignorespaces\csname #1name\endcsname\space
+        }%
+      \fi
+      \@seccntformat{#1}%
+    }%
+  \fi
+  \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@ % then this is not a run-in section heading
+    \begingroup #6\relax
+    \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}{\interlinepenalty\@M #8\par}%
+    \endgroup
+  \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+    \ifnum#2>\@m \else \@tocwrite{#1}{#8}\fi
+  \else
+  \def\@svsechd{#6\hskip #3\@svsec
+    \@ifnotempty{#8}{\ignorespaces#8\unskip
+       \@addpunct.}%
+    \ifnum#2>\@m \else \@tocwrite{#1}{#8}\fi
+  }%
+  \fi
+  \global\@nobreaktrue
+  \@xsect{#5}}
+\let\@ssect\relax
+\newcounter{part}
+\newcounter{chapter}
+\newcounter{section}[chapter]
+\def\thesection{\arabic{section}}
+\newcounter{subsection}[section]
+\newcounter{subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter{paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter{subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thepart          {\arabic{part}}
+\renewcommand\thechapter       {\arabic{chapter}}
+\renewcommand\thesection       {\arabic{section}}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection    {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection {\thesubsection .\arabic{subsubsection}}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph     {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph  {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\def\partname{Part}
+\def\specialsection{\@startsection{section}{1}%
+  \z@{2\linespacing\@plus\linespacing}{.5\linespacing}%
+  {\large\scshape\centering}}
+\def\part{\cleardoublepage \thispagestyle{empty}%
+  \null\vfil  \markboth{}{}\secdef\@part\@spart}
+\def\@part[#1]#2{%
+  \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax \refstepcounter{part}%
+    \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\partname\ \thepart.
+        \protect\enspace\protect\noindent#1}%
+  \else
+    \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}\fi
+  \begingroup\centering
+  \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax
+       {\fontsize{\@xviipt}{22}\bfseries
+         \partname\ \thepart} \vskip 20\p@ \fi
+  \fontsize{\@xxpt}{25}\bfseries
+      #1\vfil\vfil\endgroup \newpage\thispagestyle{empty}}
+
+\def\@spart#1{\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\protect\noindent#1}%
+  \begingroup\centering
+  \fontsize{\@xxpt}{25}\bfseries
+     #1\vfil\vfil\endgroup \newpage\thispagestyle{empty}}
+\def\partrunhead#1#2#3{%
+  \@ifnotempty{#2}{\uppercase{\ignorespaces#1 #2\unskip}\@ifnotempty{#3}{. }}%
+  \def\@tempa{#3}%
+  \ifx\@empty\@tempa\else
+    \begingroup \def\\{ \ignorespaces}% defend against questionable usage
+    \uppercasenonmath\@tempa\@tempa
+    \endgroup
+  \fi
+}
+\let\chapterrunhead\partrunhead
+\let\sectionrunhead\partrunhead
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}%
+  \z@{.7\linespacing\@plus\linespacing}{.5\linespacing}%
+  {\normalfont\bfseries\centering}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}%
+  \normalparindent{.5\linespacing\@plus.7\linespacing}{-.5em}%
+  {\normalfont\bfseries}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}%
+  \normalparindent\z@{-.5em}%
+  {\normalfont\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}%
+  \normalparindent\z@{-\fontdimen2\font}%
+  \normalfont}
+\def\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}%
+  \z@\z@{-\fontdimen2\font}%
+  \normalfont}
+\def\@Roman#1{\@xp\@slowromancap
+  \romannumeral#1@}%
+\def\@slowromancap#1{\ifx @#1% then terminate
+  \else
+    \if i#1I\else\if v#1V\else\if x#1X\else\if l#1L\else\if
+    c#1C\else\if m#1M\else#1\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi
+    \@xp\@slowromancap
+  \fi
+}
+\def\frontmatter{\cleardoublepage\pagenumbering{roman}}
+\def\mainmatter{\cleardoublepage\pagenumbering{arabic}}
+\def\backmatter{%
+  \if@openright\cleardoublepage\else\clearpage\fi
+  \let\chaptername\relax}
+\def\aufm#1{\par\vspace*{12pt}{\flushright #1\par}}
+\newenvironment{xcb}{%
+  \setcounter{enumi}{0}%
+  \settowidth{\leftmargini}{\labelenumi\hskip\labelsep}%
+  \setcounter{enumii}{4}% letter d
+  \settowidth{\leftmarginii}{\labelenumii\hskip\labelsep}%
+  \@startsection{section}% counter name; ignored because of the
+                                % * below
+  {1}% sectioning level
+  {\z@}% indent to the left of the section title
+  {18\p@\@plus2\p@}% vertical space above
+  {1sp}% Space below of 13pt base-to-base, so none needs to be added
+      % here; but \z@ would cause the following text to be run-in, so we
+      % use 1sp instead.
+  {\bfseries}% The font of the subsection title
+  *% always unnumbered
+}{%
+  \par
+}
+\def\chapter{%
+  \if@openright\cleardoublepage\else\clearpage\fi
+  \thispagestyle{plain}\global\@topnum\z@
+  \@afterindenttrue \secdef\@chapter\@schapter}
+\def\@chapter[#1]#2{\refstepcounter{chapter}%
+  \ifnum\c@secnumdepth<\z@ \let\@secnumber\@empty
+  \else \let\@secnumber\thechapter \fi
+  \typeout{\chaptername\space\@secnumber}%
+  \def\@toclevel{0}%
+  \ifx\chaptername\appendixname \@tocwriteb\tocappendix{chapter}{#2}%
+  \else \@tocwriteb\tocchapter{chapter}{#2}\fi
+  \chaptermark{#1}%
+  \addtocontents{lof}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}%
+  \addtocontents{lot}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}%
+  \@makechapterhead{#2}\@afterheading}
+\def\@schapter#1{\typeout{#1}%
+  \let\@secnumber\@empty
+  \def\@toclevel{0}%
+  \ifx\chaptername\appendixname \@tocwriteb\tocappendix{chapter}{#1}%
+  \else \@tocwriteb\tocchapter{chapter}{#1}\fi
+  \chaptermark{#1}%
+  \addtocontents{lof}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}%
+  \addtocontents{lot}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}%
+  \@makeschapterhead{#1}\@afterheading}
+\newcommand\chaptername{Chapter}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\def\@makechapterhead#1{\global\topskip 7.5pc\relax
+  \begingroup
+  \fontsize{\@xivpt}{18}\bfseries\centering
+    \ifnum\c@secnumdepth>\m@ne
+      \leavevmode \hskip-\leftskip
+      \rlap{\vbox to\z@{\vss
+          \centerline{\normalsize\mdseries
+              \uppercase\@xp{\chaptername}\enspace\thechapter}
+          \vskip 3pc}}\hskip\leftskip\fi
+     #1\par \endgroup
+  \skip@34\p@ \advance\skip@-\normalbaselineskip
+  \vskip\skip@ }
+\def\@makeschapterhead#1{\global\topskip 7.5pc\relax
+  \begingroup
+  \fontsize{\@xivpt}{18}\bfseries\centering
+  #1\par \endgroup
+  \skip@34\p@ \advance\skip@-\normalbaselineskip
+  \vskip\skip@ }
+\def\appendix{\par
+  \c@chapter\z@ \c@section\z@
+  \let\chaptername\appendixname
+  \def\thechapter{\@Alph\c@chapter}}
+\newcommand{\@pnumwidth}{1.6em}
+\newcommand{\@tocrmarg}{2.6em}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newswitch{toc}
+\newswitch{lof}
+\newswitch{lot}
+\def\@starttoc#1#2{%
+  \begingroup
+  \setTrue{#1}%
+  \let\secdef\@gobbletwo \chapter
+  \let\@secnumber\@empty % for \@tocwrite and \chaptermark
+  \ifx\contentsname#2%
+  \else \@tocwrite{chapter}{#2}\fi
+  \typeout{#2}\@xp\chaptermark\@xp{#2}%
+  \@makeschapterhead{#2}\@afterheading
+  \parskip\z@skip
+  \makeatletter
+  \@input{\jobname.#1}%
+  \if@filesw
+    \@xp\newwrite\csname tf@#1\endcsname
+    \immediate\@xp\openout\csname tf@#1\endcsname \jobname.#1\relax
+  \fi
+  \global\@nobreakfalse \endgroup
+  \newpage
+}
+\def\contentsname{Contents}
+\def\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\def\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\def\tableofcontents{%
+  \@starttoc{toc}\contentsname
+}
+\def\listoffigures{\@starttoc{lof}\listfigurename}
+\def\listoftables{\@starttoc{lot}\listtablename}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \@for\@tempa:=-1,0,1,2,3\do{%
+    \@ifundefined{r@tocindent\@tempa}{%
+      \@xp\gdef\csname r@tocindent\@tempa\endcsname{0pt}}{}%
+  }%
+}
+\def\@writetocindents{%
+  \begingroup
+  \@for\@tempa:=-1,0,1,2,3\do{%
+    \immediate\write\@auxout{%
+      \string\newlabel{tocindent\@tempa}{%
+        \csname r@tocindent\@tempa\endcsname}}%
+  }%
+  \endgroup}
+\AtEndDocument{\@writetocindents}
+
+\let\indentlabel\@empty
+\def\@tochangmeasure#1{\sbox\z@{#1}%
+  \ifdim\wd\z@>\csname r@tocindent\@toclevel\endcsname\relax
+    \@xp\xdef\csname r@tocindent\@toclevel\endcsname{\the\wd\z@}%
+  \fi
+}
+\def\@toclevel{0}
+\def\@tocline#1#2#3#4#5#6#7{\relax
+  \ifnum #1>\c@tocdepth % then omit
+  \else
+    \par \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace{#2}%
+    \begingroup \hyphenpenalty\@M
+    \@ifempty{#4}{%
+      \@tempdima\csname r@tocindent\number#1\endcsname\relax
+    }{%
+      \@tempdima#4\relax
+    }%
+    \parindent\z@ \leftskip#3\relax \advance\leftskip\@tempdima\relax
+    \rightskip\@pnumwidth plus4em \parfillskip-\@pnumwidth
+    #5\leavevmode\hskip-\@tempdima #6\nobreak\relax
+    \hfil\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\@tocpagenum{#7}}\par
+    \nobreak
+    \endgroup
+  \fi}
+\def\@tocpagenum#1{\hss{\mdseries #1}}
+\def\@tocwrite#1{\@xp\@tocwriteb\csname toc#1\endcsname{#1}}
+\def\@tocwriteb#1#2#3{%
+  \begingroup
+    \def\@tocline##1##2##3##4##5##6{%
+      \ifnum##1>\c@tocdepth
+      \else \sbox\z@{##5\let\indentlabel\@tochangmeasure##6}\fi}%
+    \csname l@#2\endcsname{#1{\csname#2name\endcsname}{\@secnumber}{}}%
+  \endgroup
+  \addcontentsline{toc}{#2}%
+    {\protect#1{\csname#2name\endcsname}{\@secnumber}{#3}}}
+\def\l@section{\@tocline{1}{0pt}{1pc}{}{}}
+\newcommand{\tocsection}[3]{%
+  \indentlabel{\@ifnotempty{#2}{\ignorespaces#1 #2.\quad}}#3}
+\def\l@subsection{\@tocline{2}{0pt}{1pc}{5pc}{}}
+\let\tocsubsection\tocsection
+\def\l@subsubsection{\@tocline{3}{0pt}{1pc}{7pc}{}}
+\let\tocsubsubsection\tocsection
+\let\l@paragraph\l@subsubsection
+\let\tocparagraph\tocsection
+\let\l@subparagraph\l@subsubsection
+\let\tocsubparagraph\tocsection
+\def\l@part{\@tocline{-1}{12pt plus2pt}{0pt}{}{\bfseries}}
+\let\tocpart\tocsection
+\def\l@chapter{\@tocline{0}{8pt plus1pt}{0pt}{}{}}
+\let\tocchapter\tocsection
+\newcommand{\tocappendix}[3]{%
+  \indentlabel{#1\@ifnotempty{#2}{ #2}.\quad}#3}
+\def\l@figure{\@tocline{0}{3pt plus2pt}{0pt}{1.5pc}{}}
+\let\l@table=\l@figure
+\def\refname{References}
+\def\bibname{Bibliography}
+\def\@defaultbiblabelstyle#1{#1.}
+\def\bibliographystyle#1{%
+    \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\bibstyle{#1}}\fi
+    \def\@tempa{#1}%
+    \def\@tempb{amsplain}%
+    \def\@tempc{}%
+    \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+        \def\@biblabel##1{\@defaultbiblabelstyle{##1}}%
+        \def\bibsetup{}%
+    \else
+        \def\bibsetup{\labelsep6\p@}%
+        \ifx\@tempa\@tempc
+            \def\@biblabel##1{}%
+            \def\bibsetup{\labelwidth\z@ \leftmargin24\p@
+                \itemindent-\leftmargin
+                \labelsep\z@ }%
+        \fi
+    \fi}
+\newcommand{\bibliofont}{\footnotesize}
+\newcommand{\@bibtitlestyle}{%
+  \@xp\chapter\@xp*\@xp{\bibname}%
+}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]{%
+  \@bibtitlestyle
+  \normalfont\bibliofont\labelsep .5em\relax
+  \renewcommand\theenumiv{\arabic{enumiv}}\let\p@enumiv\@empty
+  \list{\@biblabel{\theenumiv}}{\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+    \leftmargin\labelwidth \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+    \usecounter{enumiv}}%
+  \sloppy \clubpenalty\@M \widowpenalty\clubpenalty
+  \sfcode`\.=\@m
+}{%
+  \def\@noitemerr{\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+  \endlist
+}
+\def\bysame{\leavevmode\hbox to3em{\hrulefill}\thinspace}
+\def\newblock{}
+\newcommand\MR[1]{\relax\ifhmode\unskip\spacefactor3000 \space\fi
+  MR~\MRhref{#1}{#1}}
+\let\MRhref\@gobble
+\newcommand\URL{\begingroup
+  \def\@sverb##1{%
+    \def\@tempa####1##1{\@URL{####1}\egroup\endgroup}%
+    \@tempa}%
+  \verb}
+\let\URLhref\@gobble
+\def\@URL#1{\URLhref{#1}#1}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\def\indexchap#1{\global\topskip 7.5pc\relax
+  \twocolumn[{\fontsize{\@xivpt}{18}\bfseries\centering
+    \vskip\topskip\hbox{}\vskip-\baselineskip% adjust top space
+    #1\par
+   \global\topskip 34\p@\relax
+   \ifx\@empty\indexintro
+   \else
+     \begingroup \normalsize
+       \skip@\topskip \advance\skip@ -\baselineskip
+       \vskip\skip@
+       \parbox[t]{24pc}{\normalfont\indexintro\par}%
+     \endgroup
+     \global\topskip 24\p@\relax
+   \fi
+  }]%
+}
+\newcommand{\indexintro}{}
+\newcommand{\@indextitlestyle}{%
+  \let\@makeschapterhead\indexchap
+  \@xp\chapter\@xp*\@xp{\indexname}%
+}
+\def\theindex{\@restonecoltrue\if@twocolumn\@restonecolfalse\fi
+  \columnseprule\z@ \columnsep 35\p@
+  \@indextitlestyle
+  \thispagestyle{plain}%
+  \let\item\@idxitem
+  \parindent\z@  \parskip\z@\@plus.3\p@\relax
+  \raggedright
+  \hyphenpenalty\@M
+  \footnotesize}
+\def\indexname{Index}
+\def\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 2em}
+\def\subitem{\par\hangindent 2em\hspace*{1em}}
+\def\subsubitem{\par\hangindent 3em\hspace*{2em}}
+\def\endtheindex{\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\def\indexspace{\par\bigskip}
+\@addtoreset{footnote}{chapter}
+\def\footnoterule{\kern-.4\p@
+        \hrule\@width 5pc\kern11\p@\kern-\footnotesep}
+\def\@makefnmark{%
+  \leavevmode
+  \raise.9ex\hbox{\fontsize\sf@size\z@\normalfont\@thefnmark}%
+}
+\def\@makefntext{\indent\@makefnmark}
+\long\def\@footnotetext#1{%
+  \insert\footins{%
+    \normalfont\footnotesize
+    \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
+    \splittopskip\footnotesep \splitmaxdepth \dp\strutbox
+    \floatingpenalty\@MM \hsize\columnwidth
+    \@parboxrestore \parindent\normalparindent \sloppy
+    \protected@edef\@currentlabel{%
+      \csname p@footnote\endcsname\@thefnmark}%
+    \@makefntext{%
+      \rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces#1\unskip\strut\par}}}
+\hfuzz=1pt \vfuzz=\hfuzz
+\def\sloppy{\tolerance9999 \emergencystretch 3em\relax}
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{4}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{4}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand{\topfraction}{.97}
+\renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{.97}
+\renewcommand{\textfraction}{.03}
+\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{.9}
+\renewcommand{\dbltopfraction}{.97}
+\renewcommand{\dblfloatpagefraction}{.9}
+\setlength{\floatsep}{12pt plus 6pt minus 4pt}
+\setlength{\textfloatsep}{15pt plus 8pt minus 5pt}
+\setlength{\intextsep}{12pt plus 6pt minus 4pt}
+\setlength{\dblfloatsep}{12pt plus 6pt minus 4pt}
+\setlength{\dbltextfloatsep}{15pt plus 8pt minus 5pt}
+\setlength{\@fptop}{0pt}% removed "plus 1fil"
+\setlength{\@fpsep}{8pt}% removed "plus 2fil"
+\setlength{\@fpbot}{0pt plus 1fil}
+\setlength{\@dblfptop}{0pt}% removed "plus 1fil"
+\setlength{\@dblfpsep}{8pt}% removed "plus 2fil"
+\setlength{\@dblfpbot}{0pt plus 1fil}
+\newcommand{\fps@figure}{tbp}
+\newcommand{\fps@table}{tbp}
+\newcounter{figure}[chapter]
+\def\@captionheadfont{\scshape}
+\def\@captionfont{\normalfont}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename\ \thefigure}
+\def\figurename{Figure}
+\newenvironment{figure}{%
+  \@float{figure}%
+}{%
+  \end@float
+}
+\newenvironment{figure*}{%
+  \@dblfloat{figure}%
+}{%
+  \end@dblfloat
+}
+\newcounter{table}[chapter]
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename\ \thetable}
+\def\tablename{Table}
+\newenvironment{table}{%
+  \@float{table}%
+}{%
+  \end@float
+}
+\newenvironment{table*}{%
+  \@dblfloat{table}%
+}{%
+  \end@dblfloat
+}
+\def\@floatboxreset{\global\@minipagefalse \centering}
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+  \setbox\@tempboxa\vbox{\color@setgroup
+    \advance\hsize-2\captionindent\noindent
+    \@captionfont\@captionheadfont#1\@xp\@ifnotempty\@xp
+        {\@cdr#2\@nil}{.\@captionfont\upshape\enspace#2}%
+    \unskip\kern-2\captionindent\par
+    \global\setbox\@ne\lastbox\color@endgroup}%
+  \ifhbox\@ne % the normal case
+    \setbox\@ne\hbox{\unhbox\@ne\unskip\unskip\unpenalty\unkern}%
+  \fi
+  \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa=\z@ % this means caption will fit on one line
+    \setbox\@ne\hbox to\columnwidth{\hss\kern-2\captionindent\box\@ne\hss}%
+  \else % tempboxa contained more than one line
+    \setbox\@ne\vbox{\unvbox\@tempboxa\parskip\z@skip
+        \noindent\unhbox\@ne\advance\hsize-2\captionindent\par}%
+  \fi
+  \ifnum\@tempcnta<64 % if the float IS a figure...
+    \addvspace\abovecaptionskip
+    \hbox to\hsize{\kern\captionindent\box\@ne\hss}%
+  \else % if the float IS NOT a figure...
+    \hbox to\hsize{\kern\captionindent\box\@ne\hss}%
+    \nobreak
+    \vskip\belowcaptionskip
+  \fi
+\relax
+}
+\newskip\abovecaptionskip \abovecaptionskip=12pt \relax
+\newskip\belowcaptionskip \belowcaptionskip=12pt \relax
+\newdimen\captionindent \captionindent=3pc
+\def\nonbreakingspace{\unskip\nobreak\ \ignorespaces}
+\def~{\protect\nonbreakingspace}
+\def\@biblabel#1{\@ifnotempty{#1}{[#1]}}
+\def\@citestyle{\m@th\upshape\mdseries}
+\def\citeform#1{{\bfseries#1}}
+\def\@cite#1#2{{%
+  \@citestyle[\citeform{#1}\if@tempswa, #2\fi]}}
+\@ifundefined{cite }{%
+  \expandafter\let\csname cite \endcsname\cite
+  \edef\cite{\@nx\protect\@xp\@nx\csname cite \endcsname}%
+}{}
+\def\fullwidthdisplay{\displayindent\z@ \displaywidth\columnwidth}
+\edef\@tempa{\noexpand\fullwidthdisplay\the\everydisplay}
+\everydisplay\expandafter{\@tempa}
+\newcommand*\seeonlyname{see}
+\newcommand*\seename{see also}
+\newcommand*\alsoname{see also}
+\newcommand*\seeonly[2]{\emph{\seeonlyname} #1}
+\newcommand*\see[2]{\emph{\seename} #1}
+\newcommand*\seealso[2]{\emph{\alsoname} #1}
+\newcommand\printindex{\@input{\jobname.ind}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\textprime{\leavevmode
+  \raise.8ex\hbox{\check@mathfonts\the\scriptfont2 \char48 }}
+\def\maketitle{\par
+  \@topnum\z@ % this prevents figures from falling at the top of page 1
+  \begingroup
+  \@maketitle
+  \endgroup
+  \c@footnote\z@
+  \def\do##1{\let##1\relax}%
+  \do\maketitle \do\@maketitle \do\title \do\@xtitle \do\@title
+  \do\author \do\@xauthor \do\address \do\@xaddress
+  \do\email \do\@xemail \do\curraddr \do\@xcurraddr
+  \do\dedicatory \do\@dedicatory \do\thanks \do\thankses
+  \do\keywords \do\@keywords \do\subjclass \do\@subjclass
+}
+\def\@maketitle{%
+  \cleardoublepage \thispagestyle{empty}%
+  \begingroup \topskip\z@skip
+  \null\vfil
+  \begingroup
+  \LARGE\bfseries \centering
+  \openup\medskipamount
+  \@title\par\vspace{24pt}%
+  \def\and{\par\medskip}\centering
+  \mdseries\authors\par\bigskip
+  \endgroup
+  \vfil
+  \ifx\@empty\addresses \else \@setaddresses \fi
+  \vfil
+  \ifx\@empty\@dedicatory
+  \else \begingroup
+    \centering{\footnotesize\itshape\@dedicatory\@@par}%
+    \endgroup
+  \fi
+  \vfill
+  \newpage\thispagestyle{empty}
+  \begin{center}
+    \ifx\@empty\@subjclass\else\@setsubjclass\fi
+    \ifx\@empty\@keywords\else\@setkeywords\fi
+    \ifx\@empty\@translators\else\vfil\@settranslators\fi
+    \ifx\@empty\thankses\else\vfil\@setthanks\fi
+  \end{center}
+  \vfil
+  \@setabstract
+  \endgroup}
+\def\@settranslators{\par
+  \begingroup
+  \translname: \andify\@translators \uppercasenonmath\@translators
+  \@translators \@@par
+  \endgroup}
+\def\@setdate{\par\smallskip\@date\par\smallskip}
+\def\@setsubjclass{\par\smallskip
+  {\itshape\subjclassname.}\enspace\@subjclass\par\smallskip}
+\def\@setkeywords{\par\smallskip
+  {\itshape \keywordsname.}\enspace \@keywords\par\smallskip}
+
+\newcommand{\theoremstyle}[1]{%
+  \@ifundefined{th@#1}{%
+    \PackageWarning{amsthm}{Unknown theoremstyle `#1'}%
+    \thm@style{plain}%
+  }{%
+    \thm@style{#1}%
+  }%
+}
+\newtoks\thm@style
+\thm@style{plain}
+\newtoks\thm@bodyfont  \thm@bodyfont{\itshape}
+\newtoks\thm@headfont  \thm@headfont{\bfseries}
+\newtoks\thm@notefont  \thm@notefont{}
+\newtoks\thm@headpunct \thm@headpunct{.}
+\newskip\thm@preskip \newskip\thm@postskip
+\def\thm@space@setup{%
+  \thm@preskip=.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip
+                             \@minus.2\baselineskip
+  \thm@postskip=\thm@preskip
+}
+\renewcommand{\newtheorem}{\@ifstar{\@xnthm *}{\@xnthm \relax}}
+\def\@xnthm#1#2{%
+  \let\@tempa\relax
+  \@xp\@ifdefinable\csname #2\endcsname{%
+    \global\@xp\let\csname end#2\endcsname\@endtheorem
+    \ifx *#1% unnumbered, need to get one more mandatory arg
+      \edef\@tempa##1{%
+        \gdef\@xp\@nx\csname#2\endcsname{%
+          \@nx\@thm{\@xp\@nx\csname th@\the\thm@style\endcsname}%
+            {}{##1}}}%
+    \else % numbered theorem, need to check for optional arg
+      \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@ynthm{#2}}[]}%
+    \fi
+  }%
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\@ynthm#1[#2]#3{%
+  \ifx\relax#2\relax
+    \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@xthm{#1}{#3}}[]}%
+  \else
+    \@ifundefined{c@#2}{%
+      \def\@tempa{\@nocounterr{#2}}%
+    }{%
+      \@xp\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@xp\@nx\csname the#2\endcsname}%
+      \toks@{#3}%
+      \@xp\xdef\csname#1\endcsname{%
+        \@nx\@thm{%
+          \let\@nx\thm@swap
+            \if S\thm@swap\@nx\@firstoftwo\else\@nx\@gobble\fi
+          \@xp\@nx\csname th@\the\thm@style\endcsname}%
+            {#2}{\the\toks@}}%
+      \let\@tempa\relax
+    }%
+  \fi
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\@xthm#1#2[#3]{%
+  \ifx\relax#3\relax
+    \newcounter{#1}%
+  \else
+    \newcounter{#1}[#3]%
+    \@xp\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@xp\@nx\csname the#3\endcsname
+      \@thmcountersep\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+  \fi
+  \toks@{#2}%
+  \@xp\xdef\csname#1\endcsname{%
+    \@nx\@thm{%
+      \let\@nx\thm@swap
+        \if S\thm@swap\@nx\@firstoftwo\else\@nx\@gobble\fi
+      \@xp\@nx\csname th@\the\thm@style\endcsname}%
+      {#1}{\the\toks@}}%
+}
+\def\@thm#1#2#3{%
+  \ifhmode\unskip\unskip\par\fi
+  \normalfont
+  \trivlist
+  \let\thmheadnl\relax
+  \let\thm@swap\@gobble
+  \let\thm@indent\indent % indent
+  \thm@headfont{\scshape}% heading font small caps
+  \thm@notefont{\fontseries\mddefault\upshape}%
+  \thm@headpunct{.}% add period after heading
+  \thm@headsep 5\p@ plus\p@ minus\p@\relax
+  \thm@space@setup
+  #1% style overrides
+  \@topsep \thm@preskip               % used by thm head
+  \@topsepadd \thm@postskip           % used by \@endparenv
+  \def\@tempa{#2}\ifx\@empty\@tempa
+    \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@begintheorem{#3}{}}[]}%
+  \else
+    \refstepcounter{#2}%
+    \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@begintheorem{#3}{\csname the#2\endcsname}}[]}%
+  \fi
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\@restorelabelsep{\relax}
+\let\@ythm\relax
+\let\thmname\@iden \let\thmnote\@iden \let\thmnumber\@iden
+\providecommand\@upn{\textup}
+\def\thmhead@plain#1#2#3{%
+  \thmname{#1}\thmnumber{\@ifnotempty{#1}{ }\@upn{#2}}%
+  \thmnote{ {\the\thm@notefont(#3)}}}
+\let\thmhead\thmhead@plain
+\def\swappedhead#1#2#3{%
+  \thmnumber{\@upn{\@secnumfont#2\@ifnotempty{#1}{.~}}}%
+  \thmname{#1}%
+  \thmnote{ {\the\thm@notefont(#3)}}}
+\let\swappedhead@plain=\swappedhead
+\let\thmheadnl\relax
+\let\thm@indent\noindent
+\let\thm@swap\@gobble
+\def\@begintheorem#1#2[#3]{%
+  \deferred@thm@head{\the\thm@headfont \thm@indent
+    \@ifempty{#1}{\let\thmname\@gobble}{\let\thmname\@iden}%
+    \@ifempty{#2}{\let\thmnumber\@gobble}{\let\thmnumber\@iden}%
+    \@ifempty{#3}{\let\thmnote\@gobble}{\let\thmnote\@iden}%
+    \thm@swap\swappedhead\thmhead{#1}{#2}{#3}%
+    \the\thm@headpunct
+    \thmheadnl % possibly a newline.
+    \hskip\thm@headsep
+  }%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\newskip\thm@headsep
+\thm@headsep=5pt plus1pt minus1pt\relax
+\let\adjust@parskip@nobreak=\@nbitem
+\newtoks\dth@everypar
+\dth@everypar={%
+  \@minipagefalse \global\@newlistfalse
+  \@noparitemfalse
+  \if@inlabel
+    \global\@inlabelfalse
+    \begingroup \setbox\z@\lastbox
+     \ifvoid\z@ \kern-\itemindent \fi
+    \endgroup
+    \unhbox\@labels
+  \fi
+  \if@nobreak \@nobreakfalse \clubpenalty\@M
+  \else \clubpenalty\@clubpenalty \everypar{}%
+  \fi
+}%
+\def\deferred@thm@head#1{%
+  \if@inlabel \indent \par \fi % eject a section head if one is pending
+  \if@nobreak
+    \adjust@parskip@nobreak
+  \else
+    \addpenalty\@beginparpenalty
+    \addvspace\@topsep
+    \addvspace{-\parskip}%
+  \fi
+  \global\@inlabeltrue
+  \everypar\dth@everypar
+  \sbox\@labels{\normalfont#1}%
+  \ignorespaces
+}
+\def\nonslanted{\relax
+  \@xp\let\@xp\@tempa\csname\f@shape shape\endcsname
+  \ifx\@tempa\itshape\upshape
+  \else\ifx\@tempa\slshape\upshape\fi\fi}
+\def\swapnumbers{\edef\thm@swap{\if S\thm@swap N\else S\fi}}
+\def\thm@swap{N}%
+\let\@opargbegintheorem\relax
+\def\th@plain{%
+%%  \let\thm@indent\noindent % no indent
+%%  \thm@headfont{\bfseries}% heading font is bold
+%%  \thm@notefont{}% same as heading font
+%%  \thm@headpunct{.}% add period after heading
+%%  \let\thm@swap\@gobble
+%%  \thm@preskip\topsep
+%%  \thm@postskip\theorempreskipamount
+  \itshape % body font
+}
+\def\th@definition{%
+  \normalfont % body font
+}
+\def\th@remark{%
+  \normalfont % body font
+}
+\def\@endtheorem{\endtrivlist\@endpefalse }
+\newcommand{\newtheoremstyle}[9]{%
+  \@ifempty{#5}{\dimen@\z@skip}{\dimen@#5\relax}%
+  \ifdim\dimen@=\z@
+    \toks@{#4\let\thm@indent\noindent}%
+  \else
+    \toks@{#4\def\thm@indent{\noindent\hbox to#5{}}}%
+  \fi
+  \def\@tempa{#8}\ifx\space\@tempa
+    \toks@\@xp{\the\toks@ \thm@headsep\fontdimen\tw@\font\relax}%
+  \else
+    \def\@tempb{\newline}%
+    \ifx\@tempb\@tempa
+      \toks@\@xp{\the\toks@ \thm@headsep\z@skip
+        \def\thmheadnl{\newline}}%
+    \else
+      \toks@\@xp{\the\toks@ \thm@headsep#8\relax}%
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \begingroup
+  \thm@space@setup
+  \@defaultunits\@tempskipa#2\thm@preskip\relax\@nnil
+  \@defaultunits\@tempskipb#3\thm@postskip\relax\@nnil
+  \xdef\@gtempa{\thm@preskip\the\@tempskipa
+    \thm@postskip\the\@tempskipb\relax}%
+  \endgroup
+  \@temptokena\@xp{\@gtempa
+    \thm@headfont{#6}\thm@headpunct{#7}%
+  }%
+  \@ifempty{#9}{%
+    \let\thmhead\thmhead@plain
+  }{%
+    \@namedef{thmhead@#1}##1##2##3{#9}%
+    \@temptokena\@xp{\the\@temptokena
+      \@xp\let\@xp\thmhead\csname thmhead@#1\endcsname}%
+  }%
+  \@xp\xdef\csname th@#1\endcsname{\the\toks@ \the\@temptokena}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\qed}{%
+  \ifmmode \mathqed
+  \else
+    \leavevmode\unskip\penalty9999 \hbox{}\nobreak\hfill
+    \quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+  \fi
+}
+\let\QED@stack\@empty
+\let\qed@elt\relax
+\newcommand{\pushQED}[1]{%
+  \toks@{\qed@elt{#1}}\@temptokena\expandafter{\QED@stack}%
+  \xdef\QED@stack{\the\toks@\the\@temptokena}%
+}
+\newcommand{\popQED}{%
+  \begingroup\let\qed@elt\popQED@elt \QED@stack\relax\relax\endgroup
+}
+\def\popQED@elt#1#2\relax{#1\gdef\QED@stack{#2}}
+\newcommand{\qedhere}{%
+  \begingroup \let\mathqed\math@qedhere
+    \let\qed@elt\setQED@elt \QED@stack\relax\relax \endgroup
+}
+\newif\ifmeasuring@
+\newif\iffirstchoice@ \firstchoice@true
+\def\setQED@elt#1#2\relax{%
+  \ifmeasuring@
+  \else \iffirstchoice@ \gdef\QED@stack{\qed@elt{}#2}\fi
+  \fi
+  #1%
+}
+\def\qed@warning{%
+  \PackageWarning{amsthm}{The \@nx\qedhere command may not work
+    correctly here}%
+}
+\newcommand{\mathqed}{\quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}}
+\def\linebox@qed{\hfil\hbox{\qedsymbol}\hfilneg}
+\@ifpackageloaded{amsmath}{%
+  \def\math@qedhere{%
+    \@ifundefined{\@currenvir @qed}{%
+      \qed@warning\quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+    }{%
+      \@xp\aftergroup\csname\@currenvir @qed\endcsname
+    }%
+  }
+  \def\displaymath@qed{%
+    \relax
+    \ifmmode
+      \ifinner \aftergroup\linebox@qed
+      \else
+        \eqno
+        \let\eqno\relax \let\leqno\relax \let\veqno\relax
+        \hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+      \fi
+    \else
+       \aftergroup\linebox@qed
+    \fi
+  }
+  \@xp\let\csname equation*@qed\endcsname\displaymath@qed
+  \def\equation@qed{%
+    \iftagsleft@
+      \hbox{\phantom{\quad\qedsymbol}}%
+      \gdef\alt@tag{%
+        \rlap{\hbox to\displaywidth{\hfil\qedsymbol}}%
+        \global\let\alt@tag\@empty
+      }%
+    \else
+      \gdef\alt@tag{%
+        \global\let\alt@tag\@empty
+        \vtop{\ialign{\hfil####\cr
+                \tagform@\theequation\cr
+                \qedsymbol\cr}}%
+        \setbox\z@
+      }%
+    \fi
+  }
+  \def\qed@tag{%
+    \global\tag@true \nonumber
+    &\omit\setboxz@h {\strut@ \qedsymbol}\tagsleft@false
+    \place@tag@gather
+    \kern-\tabskip
+    \ifst@rred \else \global\@eqnswtrue \fi \global\advance\row@\@ne \cr
+  }
+  \def\split@qed{%
+    \def\endsplit{\crcr\egroup \egroup \ctagsplit@false \rendsplit@
+      \aftergroup\align@qed
+    }%
+  }
+  \def\align@qed{%
+    \ifmeasuring@ \tag*{\qedsymbol}%
+    \else \let\math@cr@@@\qed@tag
+    \fi
+  }
+  \@xp\let\csname align*@qed\endcsname\align@qed
+  \@xp\let\csname gather*@qed\endcsname\align@qed
+%% Needs some patching up for amsmath 1.2
+}{% end of amsmath branch, start plain LaTeX branch
+  \def\math@qedhere{%
+    \@ifundefined{\@currenvir @qed}{%
+      \qed@warning \aftergroup\displaymath@qed
+    }{%
+      \@xp\aftergroup\csname\@currenvir @qed\endcsname
+    }%
+  }
+  \def\displaymath@qed{%
+    \relax
+    \ifmmode
+      \ifinner \aftergroup\aftergroup\aftergroup\linebox@qed
+      \else
+        \eqno \def\@badmath{$$}%
+        \let\eqno\relax \let\leqno\relax \let\veqno\relax
+        \hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+      \fi
+    \else
+       \aftergroup\linebox@qed
+    \fi
+  }
+  \@ifundefined{ver@leqno.clo}{%
+    \def\equation@qed{\displaymath@qed \quad}%
+  }{%
+    \def\equation@qed{\displaymath@qed}%
+  }
+  \def\@tempa#1$#2#3\@nil{%
+    \def\[{#1$#2\def\@currenvir{displaymath}#3}%
+  }%
+  \expandafter\@tempa\[\@nil
+}
+\@ifpackageloaded{amstex}{%
+  \def\@tempa{TT}%
+}{%
+  \@ifpackageloaded{amsmath}{%
+    \def\@tempb#1 v#2.#3\@nil{#2}%
+    \ifnum\@xp\@xp\@xp\@tempb\csname ver@amsmath.sty\endcsname v0.0\@nil
+       <\tw@
+      \def\@tempa{TT}%
+    \else
+      \def\@tempa{TF}%
+    \fi
+  }{%
+    \def\@tempa{TF}
+  }%
+}
+\if\@tempa
+  \renewcommand{\math@qedhere}{\quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}}%
+\fi
+\newcommand{\openbox}{\leavevmode
+  \hbox to.77778em{%
+  \hfil\vrule
+  \vbox to.675em{\hrule width.6em\vfil\hrule}%
+  \vrule\hfil}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\textsquare}{%
+  \begingroup \usefont{U}{msa}{m}{n}\thr@@\endgroup
+}
+\@ifclasswith{\@classname}{noamsfonts}{%
+  \providecommand{\qedsymbol}{\openbox}%
+}{}
+\providecommand{\qedsymbol}{\textsquare}
+\newenvironment{proof}[1][\proofname]{\par
+  \pushQED{\qed}%
+  \normalfont \topsep6\p@\@plus6\p@\relax
+  \trivlist
+  \itemindent\normalparindent
+  \item[\hskip\labelsep
+        \scshape
+    #1\@addpunct{.}]\ignorespaces
+}{%
+  \popQED\endtrivlist\@endpefalse
+}
+\providecommand{\proofname}{Proof}
+\def\bb@skip#1{%
+  \skip@#1\relax \advance\skip@-\prevdepth \advance\skip@-\baselineskip
+  \vskip\skip@}
+\def\markleft#1{{\let\protect\noexpand
+    \let\label\relax \let\index\relax \let\glossary\relax
+    \expandafter\@markleft\@themark{#1}%
+    \mark{\@themark}}%
+  \if@nobreak\ifvmode\nobreak\fi\fi}
+\def\@markleft#1#2#3{\gdef\@themark{{#3}{#2}}}
+\def\@tempa{}
+\edef\@dh{%
+  \noexpand\mathhexbox{\hexnumber@\symAMSb}67}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\dh}{OT1}{%
+  \edef\@tempb{\scdefault}%
+  \ifx\f@shape\@tempb
+    \leavevmode
+    \raisebox{-.8ex}{\makebox[\z@][l]{\hskip-.08em\accent"16\hss}}d%
+  \else
+    \@dh
+  \fi
+}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\DH}{OT1}{%
+  \leavevmode\raisebox{-.5ex}{\makebox[\z@][l]{\hskip-.07em\accent"16\hss}}D}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\DJ}{OT1}{%
+  \leavevmode\raisebox{-.5ex}{\makebox[\z@][l]{\hskip-.07em\accent"16\hss}}D}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\dj}{OT1}{%
+  \edef\@tempa{\f@shape}\edef\@tempb{\scdefault}%
+  \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+    \leavevmode
+    \raisebox{-.75ex}{\makebox[\z@][l]{\hskip-.08em\accent"16\hss}}d%
+  \else
+    \leavevmode\raisebox{.02ex}{\makebox[\z@][l]{\hskip.1em\accent"16\hss}}d%
+  \fi}
+\hyphenation{acad-e-my acad-e-mies af-ter-thought anom-aly anom-alies
+an-ti-deriv-a-tive an-tin-o-my an-tin-o-mies apoth-e-o-ses
+apoth-e-o-sis ap-pen-dix ar-che-typ-al as-sign-a-ble as-sist-ant-ship
+as-ymp-tot-ic asyn-chro-nous at-trib-uted at-trib-ut-able bank-rupt
+bank-rupt-cy bi-dif-fer-en-tial blue-print busier busiest
+cat-a-stroph-ic cat-a-stroph-i-cally con-gress cross-hatched data-base
+de-fin-i-tive de-riv-a-tive dis-trib-ute dri-ver dri-vers eco-nom-ics
+econ-o-mist elit-ist equi-vari-ant ex-quis-ite ex-tra-or-di-nary
+flow-chart for-mi-da-ble forth-right friv-o-lous ge-o-des-ic
+ge-o-det-ic geo-met-ric griev-ance griev-ous griev-ous-ly
+hexa-dec-i-mal ho-lo-no-my ho-mo-thetic ideals idio-syn-crasy
+in-fin-ite-ly in-fin-i-tes-i-mal ir-rev-o-ca-ble key-stroke
+lam-en-ta-ble light-weight mal-a-prop-ism man-u-script mar-gin-al
+meta-bol-ic me-tab-o-lism meta-lan-guage me-trop-o-lis
+met-ro-pol-i-tan mi-nut-est mol-e-cule mono-chrome mono-pole
+mo-nop-oly mono-spline mo-not-o-nous mul-ti-fac-eted mul-ti-plic-able
+non-euclid-ean non-iso-mor-phic non-smooth par-a-digm par-a-bol-ic
+pa-rab-o-loid pa-ram-e-trize para-mount pen-ta-gon phe-nom-e-non
+post-script pre-am-ble pro-ce-dur-al pro-hib-i-tive pro-hib-i-tive-ly
+pseu-do-dif-fer-en-tial pseu-do-fi-nite pseu-do-nym qua-drat-ic
+quad-ra-ture qua-si-smooth qua-si-sta-tion-ary qua-si-tri-an-gu-lar
+quin-tes-sence quin-tes-sen-tial re-arrange-ment rec-tan-gle
+ret-ri-bu-tion retro-fit retro-fit-ted right-eous right-eous-ness
+ro-bot ro-bot-ics sched-ul-ing se-mes-ter semi-def-i-nite
+semi-ho-mo-thet-ic set-up se-vere-ly side-step sov-er-eign spe-cious
+spher-oid spher-oid-al star-tling star-tling-ly sta-tis-tics
+sto-chas-tic straight-est strange-ness strat-a-gem strong-hold
+sum-ma-ble symp-to-matic syn-chro-nous topo-graph-i-cal tra-vers-a-ble
+tra-ver-sal tra-ver-sals treach-ery turn-around un-at-tached
+un-err-ing-ly white-space wide-spread wing-spread wretch-ed
+wretch-ed-ly Eng-lish Euler-ian Feb-ru-ary Gauss-ian
+Hamil-ton-ian Her-mit-ian Jan-u-ary Japan-ese Kor-te-weg
+Le-gendre Mar-kov-ian Noe-ther-ian No-vem-ber Rie-mann-ian Sep-tem-ber}
+\def\calclayout{\advance\textheight -\headheight
+  \advance\textheight -\headsep
+  \oddsidemargin\paperwidth
+  \advance\oddsidemargin -\textwidth
+  \divide\oddsidemargin\tw@
+  \ifdim\oddsidemargin<.5truein \oddsidemargin.5truein \fi
+  \advance\oddsidemargin -1truein
+  \evensidemargin\oddsidemargin
+  \topmargin\paperheight \advance\topmargin -\textheight
+  \advance\topmargin -\headheight \advance\topmargin -\headsep
+  \divide\topmargin\tw@
+  \ifdim\topmargin<.5truein \topmargin.5truein \fi
+  \advance\topmargin -1truein\relax
+}
+\InputIfFileExists{amsbook.cfg}{}{%
+  \calclayout % initialize
+  \pagenumbering{arabic}%
+  \pagestyle{headings}%
+  \thispagestyle{plain}%
+}
+\if@compatibility \else\endinput\fi
+\def\tiny{\Tiny}
+\def\defaultfont{\normalfont}
+\def\rom{\textup}
+\let\@newpf\proof \let\proof\relax \let\endproof\relax
+\newenvironment{pf}{\@newpf[\proofname]}{\popQED\endtrivlist}
+\newenvironment{pf*}[1]{\@newpf[#1]}{\popQED\endtrivlist}
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `amsbook.cls'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsbooka.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsbooka.sty
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bb449b6677a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsbooka.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `amsbooka.sty',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% amsbooka.dtx 
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%%  @LaTeX-file{
+%%%     filename  = "amsbooka.dtx",
+%%%     version   = "2.02",
+%%%     date      = "2005/04/26",
+%%%     time      = "13:19:26 EDT",
+%%%     author    = "American Mathematical Society",
+%%%     copyright = "Copyright 1995, 1999 American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                  all rights reserved.  Copying of this file is
+%%%                  authorized only if either:
+%%%                  (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy,
+%%%                  including name; OR
+%%%                  (2) if you do make changes, you first rename it
+%%%                  to some other name.",
+%%%     address   = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                  Technical Support,
+%%%                  Electronic Products and Services,
+%%%                  P. O. Box 6248,
+%%%                  Providence, RI 02940,
+%%%                  USA",
+%%%     telephone = "401-455-4080 or (in the USA and Canada)
+%%%                  800-321-4AMS (321-4267)",
+%%%     FAX       = "401-331-3842",
+%%%     checksum  = "49141 298 1079 10230",
+%%%     email     = "tech-support@ams.org (Internet)",
+%%%     codetable = "ISO/ASCII",
+%%%     keywords  = "latex, amslatex, ams-latex, monograph",
+%%%     supported = "yes",
+%%%     abstract  = "This is part of the AMS-\LaTeX{} distribution.
+%%%                  It contains code to augment the AMS-LaTeX{}
+%%%                  monograph document classes, providing the ability
+%%%                  to include an author's name along with a chapter
+%%%                  title, and to pass the author information along
+%%%                  for inclusion in the table of contents",
+%%%     docstring = "The checksum field above contains a CRC-16
+%%%                  checksum as the first value, followed by the
+%%%                  equivalent of the standard UNIX wc (word
+%%%                  count) utility output of lines, words, and
+%%%                  characters.  This is produced by Robert
+%%%                  Solovay's checksum utility.",
+%%%  }
+%%% ====================================================================
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}% LaTeX 2.09 can't be used (nor non-LaTeX)
+[1994/12/01]% LaTeX date must December 1994 or later
+\ProvidesPackage{amsbooka}[2005/04/26 v2.02 monograph part/chapter authors]
+\def\@gsm{gsm-l}
+\def\@stml{stml-l}
+\def\@makechapterhead#1{%
+  \ifx\@classname\@gsm \@makegsmchapterhead{#1}%
+  \else \ifx\@classname\@stml \@makestmlchapterhead{#1}%
+  \else \@makeplainchapterhead{#1}%
+  \fi \fi
+}
+\def\@makeplainchapterhead#1{%
+  \global\topskip 7.5pc\relax
+  \begingroup
+  \def\title{}%
+  \def\author##1{\vskip1pc\fontsize{\@xiipt}{14}\mdseries\textsc{##1}}%
+  \fontsize{\@xivpt}{18}\bfseries\centering
+    \ifnum\c@secnumdepth>\m@ne
+      \leavevmode \hskip-\leftskip
+      \rlap{\vbox to\z@{\vss
+          \centerline{\normalsize\mdseries
+              \uppercase\@xp{\chaptername}\enspace\thechapter}
+          \vskip 3pc}}\hskip\leftskip\fi
+     #1\par \endgroup
+  \skip@34\p@ \advance\skip@-\normalbaselineskip
+  \vskip\skip@ }
+\def\@makeruledchapterhead#1{%
+  \global\topskip\normaltopskip
+  \begingroup
+  \def\author##1{\\ \hfil \\ \@chapauthorstyle ##1}%
+  \vbox to\topskip{%
+    \chapter@number
+    \vss
+  }\penalty\@M
+  \@chapheadstyle \raggedright
+  \noindent #1\par \endgroup
+  \if@index
+    \@indexstyle
+  \else
+      \@dropfolio
+      \@noindexstyle
+  \fi
+  \@afterheading
+}
+\def\@makegsmchapterhead#1{%
+  \def\@chapheadstyle{\Huge\bfseries \hsize24pc
+    \top@space{11pc}}%
+  \def\@chapauthorstyle{\LARGE\bfseries}%
+  \def\@indexstyle{%
+    \ifx\@empty\indexintro
+      \bb@space{7.5pc}%
+    \else
+      \vspace{3pc}%
+      \begingroup \small
+        \parbox[t]{27pc}{\leftskip3pc\normalfont\indexintro\par}%
+      \endgroup
+      \bb@space{3pc}%
+    \fi
+    }%
+  \def\@noindexstyle{\bb@space{7.5pc}}%
+ \@makeruledchapterhead{#1}%
+  }
+\def\@makestmlchapterhead#1{%
+  \def\@chapheadstyle{\fontsize\@xxpt{22}\selectfont\bfseries\hsize 21pc
+    \top@par@space{9pc}}%
+  \def\@chapauthorstyle{\LARGE\mdseries}%
+  \def\@indexstyle{%
+    \ifx\@empty\indexintro
+      \bb@par@space{6.5pc}%
+    \else
+      \vspace{2.5pc}%
+      \begingroup \small
+        \parbox[t]{22.5pc}{\leftskip2.5pc\normalfont\indexintro\par}%
+      \endgroup
+      \bb@par@space{2.5pc}%
+    \fi
+    }%
+  \def\@noindexstyle{\bb@par@space{6.5pc}}%
+  \@makeruledchapterhead{#1}%
+  }
+\def\partauthor{%
+  \def\author##1{\newline\phantom{Part 1.\enspace}{\mdseries\scshape##1}}}
+\def\@part[#1]#2{%
+  \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax \refstepcounter{part}%
+    \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\partname\ \thepart.%
+        \protect\partauthor\protect\enspace\protect\noindent#1}%
+  \else
+    \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}\fi
+  \begingroup
+  \def\author##1{\\ \hfil \\ \fontsize{\@xivpt}{20}\mdseries\itshape ##1}%
+  \centering
+  \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax
+     {\fontsize{\@xviipt}{22}\bfseries
+       \partname\ \thepart} \vskip 20\p@ \fi
+  \fontsize{\@xxpt}{25}\bfseries
+    #1\vfil\vfil\endgroup \newpage\thispagestyle{empty}}
+\def\@spart#1{\addcontentsline{toc}{part}%
+  {\protect\partauthor\protect\noindent#1}%
+  \begingroup
+  \def\author##1{\\ \hfil \\ \fontsize{\@xivpt}{20}\mdseries\itshape ##1}%
+  \centering
+  \fontsize{\@xxpt}{25}\bfseries
+    #1\vfil\vfil\endgroup \newpage\thispagestyle{empty}}
+\def\@tocline#1#2#3#4#5#6#7{\relax
+  \ifnum #1>\c@tocdepth % then omit
+  \else
+    \def\author##1{\newline\textsc{##1}}%
+    \par \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace{#2}%
+    \begingroup \hyphenpenalty\@M
+    \@ifempty{#4}{%
+      \@tempdima\csname r@tocindent\number#1\endcsname\relax
+    }{%
+      \@tempdima#4\relax
+    }%
+    \parindent\z@ \leftskip#3\relax \advance\leftskip\@tempdima\relax
+    \rightskip\@pnumwidth plus4em \parfillskip-\@pnumwidth
+    #5\leavevmode\hskip-\@tempdima #6\nobreak\relax
+    \hfil\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\@tocpagenum{#7}}\par
+    \nobreak
+    \endgroup
+  \fi}
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `amsbooka.sty'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsdtx.cls b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsdtx.cls
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..96a50814c8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsdtx.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,517 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `amsdtx.cls',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% amsdtx.dtx  (with options: `amsdtx')
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @LaTeX-file{
+%%%   filename  = "amsdtx.dtx",
+%%%   version   = "2.06",
+%%%   date      = "2004/08/06",
+%%%   time      = "12:18:49 EDT",
+%%%   checksum  = "19929 1192 3506 39423",
+%%%   author    = "Michael J. Downes, updated by David M. Jones",
+%%%   copyright = "Copyright 1996, 1999, 2004
+%%%                American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                all rights reserved.  Copying of this file is
+%%%                authorized only if either:
+%%%                (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy,
+%%%                including name; OR
+%%%                (2) if you do make changes, you first rename it
+%%%                to some other name.",
+%%%   address   = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                Technical Support,
+%%%                Publications Technical Group,
+%%%                201 Charles Street,
+%%%                Providence, RI 02904,
+%%%                USA",
+%%%   telephone = "401-455-4080 or (in the USA and Canada)
+%%%                800-321-4AMS (321-4267)",
+%%%   FAX       = "401-331-3842",
+%%%   email     = "tech-support@ams.org (Internet)",
+%%%   codetable = "ISO/ASCII",
+%%%   keywords  = "latex, amslatex, ams-latex, user documentation",
+%%%   supported = "yes",
+%%%   abstract  = "This is the source for two document classes, amsdtx
+%%%                and amsldoc, used to produce AMS user documentation
+%%%                or technical documentation.",
+%%%   docstring = "The checksum field above contains a CRC-16
+%%%                checksum as the first value, followed by the
+%%%                equivalent of the standard UNIX wc (word
+%%%                count) utility output of lines, words, and
+%%%                characters.  This is produced by Robert
+%%%                Solovay's checksum utility.",
+%%% }
+%%% ====================================================================
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}% LaTeX 2.09 can't be used (nor non-LaTeX)
+[1995/06/01]% LaTeX date must be June 1995 or later
+\ProvidesClass{amsdtx}[2004/08/06 v2.06]
+\DeclareOption*{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{book}}
+\ProcessOptions
+\LoadClass{book}
+\IfFileExists{url.sty}{%
+    \RequirePackage{url}\relax
+    \@gobble
+}{%
+    \@firstofone
+}
+{
+    \DeclareRobustCommand{\url}[1]{%
+        \def\@tempa{#1}%
+        \texttt{\urlsetup $\expandafter\strip@prefix\meaning\@tempa$}%
+    }%
+    \def\urlsetup{%
+        \check@mathfonts \textfont\@ne\the\font \textfont\z@\the\font
+        \urlfix +\urlfix\=\urlfix\:\urlfix\-\urlfix\.\urlfix\,\urlfix\;%
+        \urlbreak\&\urlbreak\/\urlbreak\?%
+    }%
+    \def\urlbreak#1{%
+        \mathcode`#1="8000
+        \begingroup \lccode`\~=`#1 \lowercase{\endgroup \edef~}%
+        {\mathchar\number`#1\penalty\hyphenpenalty}%
+    }%
+    \def\urlfix#1{%
+        \mathcode`#1=`#1\relax
+    }%
+}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\providecommand{\qq}[1]{\textquotedblleft#1\/\textquotedblright}
+\providecommand{\mdash}{\textemdash\penalty\exhyphenpenalty}
+\providecommand{\ndash}{\textendash\penalty\exhyphenpenalty}
+\let\@xp\expandafter
+\newcommand*{\autoindex}[1]{%
+    \index{#1\ifcodeline@index\encapchar usage\fi}%
+}
+\newcommand{\ntt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}
+\newcommand*{\indexcs}[1]{%
+    \@xp\@xp\@xp\@indexcs\@xp\@nobslash\string#1\@nil
+}
+\def\@indexcs#1\@nil{%
+    \autoindex{#1\actualchar
+        \string\verb\quotechar*\verbatimchar
+            \@xp\@bothoftwo\string\ #1\@empty
+        \verbatimchar
+    }%
+}
+\def\@bothoftwo#1#2{#1#2}
+\def\category@index#1#2{%
+    {\ntt#2}%
+    \@category@index{#1}{#2}%
+}
+\def\@category@index#1#2{%
+    \autoindex{%
+        #2\actualchar\string\texttt{#2}%
+        \ifx\@nil#1\@nil\else\space#1\fi
+    }%
+}
+\chardef\bslchar=`\\ % p. 424, TeXbook
+\newcommand{\addbslash}{\expandafter\@addbslash\string}
+\def\@addbslash#1{\bslchar\@nobslash#1}
+\newcommand{\nobslash}{\expandafter\@nobslash\string}
+\def\@nobslash#1{\ifnum`#1=\bslchar\else#1\fi}
+\def\@boxorbreak{%
+    \leavevmode
+    \ifmmode\hbox\else\ifdim\lastskip=\z@\penalty9999 \fi\fi
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\cs}[1]{%
+    \@boxorbreak{%
+        \ntt
+        \addbslash#1\@empty
+        \@xp\@xp\@xp\@indexcs\@xp\@nobslash\string#1\@nil
+    }%
+}
+\let\cn\cs
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\cls}{\category@index{class}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\pkg}{\category@index{package}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\opt}{\category@index{option}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\env}[1]{{\ntt#1}\SpecialEnvIndex{#1}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\fn}{\category@index{}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\bst}{\category@index{\string\BibTeX{} style}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\cnt}{\category@index{counter}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\fnt}{\category@index{font}}
+\def\allowtthyphens{\begingroup
+  \fontencoding{OT1}\fontfamily{cmtt}%
+  \expandafter\let\csname OT1+cmtt\endcsname\relax
+  \try@load@fontshape
+  \endgroup
+  \expandafter\let\csname OT1+cmtt\endcsname\@empty
+}
+\hfuzz2pc
+\vbadness9999 \hbadness5000
+\def\AmS{{\protect\usefont{OMS}{cmsy}{m}{n}%
+  A\kern-.1667em\lower.5ex\hbox{M}\kern-.125emS}}
+\def\latex/{{\protect\LaTeX}}
+\def\amslatex/{{\protect\AmS-\protect\LaTeX}}
+\def\tex/{{\protect\TeX}}
+\def\amstex/{{\protect\AmS-\protect\TeX}}
+\def\bibtex/{{Bib\protect\TeX}}
+\def\makeindx/{MakeIndex}
+\def\xypic/{XY\mbox{-}pic}
+\newcommand{\Textures}{\textit{Textures}}
+\def\<#1>{\textit{$\langle$#1\/$\rangle$}}
+\def\@listi{%
+  \leftmargin\leftmargini
+  \topsep 3\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@
+  \parsep \p@ \@plus\p@ \itemsep\parsep
+}
+\let\@listI\@listi
+\@listi
+\def\@listii{%
+  \leftmargin\leftmarginii
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+  \topsep\p@\@plus\p@ \@minus\p@
+  \parsep\z@skip \itemsep\z@skip
+}
+\def\@listiii{%
+  \leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginiii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+  \topsep\z@skip \parsep\z@skip \itemsep\z@skip
+}
+\newenvironment{histnote}{%
+  \trivlist\item[\hspace{\labelsep}\bfseries Historical Note:]%
+}{%
+  \endtrivlist
+}
+\def\@starttoc#1{\begingroup
+  \let\autoindex\@gobble
+  \makeatletter
+  \@input{\jobname.#1}\if@filesw
+  \expandafter\newwrite\csname tf@#1\endcsname
+             \immediate\openout
+                 \csname tf@#1\endcsname \jobname.#1\relax
+  \fi \global\@nobreakfalse \endgroup}
+\newcommand*{\secref}[1]{\S\ref{#1}}
+\newcommand{\qc}[1]{}% check for prior definition
+\edef\qc#1{\noexpand\protect\expandafter\noexpand\csname qc \endcsname
+  \noexpand\protect#1}
+\@namedef{qc }#1#2{\begingroup\ntt
+  \ifx\ #2\char`\ \else\escapechar\m@ne\string#2\fi\endgroup}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\qcat}{\qc\@}%
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\qcamp}{\qc\&}%
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\qcbang}{\qc\!}%
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\arg}[1]{{\ntt\##1}}
+\def\ncn#1{{\let\index\@gobble\cn{#1}}}
+
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\cnbang}{%
+  \ncn{\!}\index{"!@{\ntt\bslchar\qcbang}}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\cnat}{%
+  \ncn{\!}\index{"@@{\ntt\bslchar\qcat}}}
+\def\5{\penalty500 }
+\newcommand{\errexa}{\par\noindent\textit{Example}:\ }
+\newcommand{\errexpl}{\par\noindent\textit{Explanation}:\ }
+\renewcommand\chapter{\par \@afterindentfalse
+                    \secdef\@chapter\@schapter}
+\def\@chapter[#1]#2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
+                       \if@mainmatter
+                         \refstepcounter{chapter}%
+                         \typeout{\@chapapp\space\thechapter.}%
+                         \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}%
+                                   {\protect\numberline{\thechapter}#1}%
+                       \else
+                         \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}\fi
+                    \else
+                      \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}
+                    \fi
+                    \chaptermark{#1}%
+                    \addtocontents{lof}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}%
+                    \addtocontents{lot}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}%
+                    \if@twocolumn
+                      \@topnewpage[\@makechapterhead{#2}]%
+                    \else
+                      \@makechapterhead{#2}%
+                      \@afterheading
+                    \fi}
+\def\@makechapterhead#1{%
+  \vspace{1.5\baselineskip}%
+  {\parindent \z@ \raggedright \reset@font
+    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
+      \large\bfseries \@chapapp\space\thechapter
+      \par\nobreak
+      \vskip.5\baselineskip\relax
+    \fi
+    #1\par\nobreak
+    \vskip\baselineskip
+  }}
+\def\@schapter#1{\if@twocolumn
+                   \@topnewpage[\@makeschapterhead{#1}]%
+                 \else
+                   \@makeschapterhead{#1}%
+                   \@afterheading
+                 \fi}
+\def\@makeschapterhead#1{%
+  \vspace*{1.5\baselineskip}%
+  {\parindent \z@ \raggedright
+    \reset@font
+    \large \bfseries  #1\par\nobreak
+    \vskip\baselineskip
+  }}
+\def\@removefromreset#1#2{\let\@tempb\@elt
+   \expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempa\csname c@#1\endcsname
+   \def\@elt##1{\expandafter\ifx\csname c@##1\endcsname\@tempa\else
+         \noexpand\@elt{##1}\fi}%
+   \expandafter\edef\csname cl@#2\endcsname{\csname cl@#2\endcsname}%
+   \let\@elt\@tempb}
+\@removefromreset{footnote}{chapter}
+\def\ps@headings{%
+  \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+  \def\@evenhead{\thepage\hfil{\footnotesize\leftmark{}{}}}%
+  \def\@oddhead{{\footnotesize\rightmark{}{}}\hfil\thepage}%
+  \let\@mkboth\markboth
+  \def\chaptermark##1{%
+    \markboth {\uppercase{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
+      \if@mainmatter
+        \@chapapp\ \thechapter. \ \fi
+      \fi
+        ##1}}{}}%
+  \def\sectionmark##1{%
+    \markright {\uppercase{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\z@
+        \thesection. \ \fi
+        ##1}}}}
+\renewcommand\maketitle{\par
+  \begingroup
+    \renewcommand\thefootnote{\fnsymbol{footnote}}%
+    \def\@makefnmark{\hbox to\z@{$\m@th^{\@thefnmark}$\hss}}%
+    \long\def\@makefntext##1{\parindent 1em\noindent
+            \hbox to1.8em{\hss$\m@th^{\@thefnmark}$}##1}%
+    \if@twocolumn
+      \ifnum \col@number=\@ne
+        \@maketitle
+      \else
+        \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+      \fi
+    \else
+      \newpage
+      \global\@topnum\z@   % Prevents figures from going at top of page.
+      \@maketitle
+    \fi
+    \thispagestyle{plain}\@thanks
+  \endgroup
+  \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+  \let\thanks\relax
+  \let\maketitle\relax\let\@maketitle\relax
+  \gdef\@thanks{}\gdef\@author{}\gdef\@title{}}
+\def\@maketitle{%
+  \newpage
+  \null
+  \vskip 2em%
+  \begin{center}%
+    {\LARGE \@title \par}%
+    \vskip 1.5em%
+    {\large
+      \lineskip .5em%
+      \begin{tabular}[t]{c}%
+        \@author
+      \end{tabular}\par}%
+    \vskip 1em%
+    {\large \@date}%
+  \end{center}%
+  \par
+  \uppercase\expandafter{\expandafter\toks@\expandafter{\@title}}%
+  \edef\@tempa{\noexpand\markboth{\the\toks@}{\the\toks@}}%
+  \@tempa
+  \vskip 1.5em}
+\renewcommand\tableofcontents{%
+    \if@twocolumn
+      \@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
+    \else
+      \@restonecolfalse
+    \fi
+    \subsection*{\contentsname}%
+    \@starttoc{toc}%
+    \if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi
+    }
+\renewcommand\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}%
+                                   {-.6\baselineskip \@plus -3\p@}%
+                                   {.4\baselineskip}
+                          {\reset@font\Large\bfseries}}
+\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+                                     {-.3\baselineskip\@plus -2\p@}%
+                                     {.2\baselineskip}%
+                          {\reset@font\large\bfseries}}
+\renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+                                     {-.2\baselineskip\@plus -2\p@}%
+                                     {.2\baselineskip}%
+                                     {\reset@font\normalsize\bfseries}}
+\renewenvironment{theindex}{%
+  \if@twocolumn \@restonecolfalse \else \@restonecoltrue \fi
+  \columnseprule \z@ \columnsep 35\p@
+  \let\autoindex\@gobble
+  \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+  \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\indexname}%
+  \@mkboth{\uppercase{\indexname}}{\uppercase{\indexname}}%
+  \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+  \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+  \let\item\@idxitem
+}{%
+  \if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi
+}
+\renewcommand{\thesection}{\arabic{section}}
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+  \addvspace\abovecaptionskip
+  \begingroup
+    \countdef\@parcycles=8 % local count register
+    \@parcycles\z@
+    \@setpar{\advance\@parcycles\@ne \ifnum\@parcycles>999
+      \@@par\@parcycles\z@\fi
+      \ifhmode \unskip\hskip\parfillskip\penalty-\@M\fi}%
+    \@hangfrom{\textbf{#1.} }\vadjust{\penalty\m@ne}#2%
+  \endgroup
+  \ifhmode\unpenalty\fi\par
+  \ifnum\lastpenalty=\m@ne % only one line in the caption
+    \unpenalty \setbox\@tempboxa\lastbox
+    \nointerlineskip
+    \hbox to\hsize{\hfill\unhbox\@tempboxa\unskip\hfill}%
+  \fi
+  \nobreak\vskip\belowcaptionskip
+}
+\renewenvironment{table}{%
+  \belowcaptionskip\abovecaptionskip \abovecaptionskip\z@skip
+  \@float{table}%
+}{%
+  \end@float
+}
+\renewenvironment{table*}{%
+  \belowcaptionskip\abovecaptionskip \abovecaptionskip\z@skip
+  \@dblfloat{table}%
+}{%
+  \end@dblfloat
+}
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}\setcounter{bottomnumber}{4}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{4}\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand{\topfraction}{.97}\renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{.97}
+\renewcommand{\textfraction}{.03}\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{.9}
+\renewcommand{\dbltopfraction}{.97}
+\renewcommand{\dblfloatpagefraction}{.9}
+\setlength{\floatsep}{8pt plus6pt}
+\setlength{\textfloatsep}{10pt plus8pt}
+\setlength{\intextsep}{8pt plus6pt}
+\setlength{\dblfloatsep}{8pt plus6pt}
+\setlength{\dbltextfloatsep}{10pt plus8pt}
+\setlength{\@fptop}{0pt}\setlength{\@fpsep}{8pt}%
+\setlength{\@fpbot}{0pt plus 1fil}
+\setlength{\@dblfptop}{0pt}\setlength{\@dblfpsep}{8pt}%
+\setlength{\@dblfpbot}{0pt plus 1fil}
+
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\newcommand{\arrayargpatch}{%
+  \let\@oldarray\@array
+  \edef\@array[##1]##2{\catcode\number`\|=\number\catcode`\|
+    \catcode\number`\@=\number\catcode`\@ \relax
+    \let\noexpand\@array\noexpand\@oldarray
+    \noexpand\@array[##1]{##2}}%
+  \catcode`\|=12 \catcode`\@=12 \relax
+}
+\newenvironment{ctab}{%
+  \par\topsep\medskipamount
+  \trivlist\centering
+  \item[]%
+  \arrayargpatch
+  \begin{tabular}%
+}{%
+  \end{tabular}%
+  \endtrivlist
+}
+\RequirePackage{doc}
+\def\AltMacroFont{\MacroFont}
+\def\SpecialMainEnvIndex#1{%
+    \@bsphack
+    \special@index{%
+        #1\actualchar\string\texttt{#1} environment\encapchar main%
+    }%
+    \special@index{%
+        environments:\levelchar#1%
+        \actualchar\string\texttt{#1}%
+        \encapchar main}%
+    \@esphack
+}
+\def\SpecialEnvIndex#1{%
+    \@bsphack
+    \index{#1\actualchar\string\texttt{#1} environment\encapchar usage}%
+    \index{%
+        environments:\levelchar#1%
+        \actualchar\string\texttt{#1}%
+        \encapchar usage}%
+    \@esphack
+}
+\def\DescribeOption{%
+    \leavevmode
+    \@bsphack
+    \begingroup
+        \MakePrivateLetters
+    \Describe@Option
+}
+\def\Describe@Option#1{%
+    \endgroup
+    \marginpar{\raggedleft\PrintDescribeOption{#1}}%
+    \SpecialOptionIndex{#1}%
+    \@esphack
+    \ignorespaces
+}
+\def\PrintDescribeOption#1{\strut \MacroFont #1\ }
+\def\option{%
+    \let\SpecialMainEnvIndex\SpecialMainOptionIndex
+\begingroup
+   \catcode`\\12
+   \MakePrivateLetters \m@cro@ \iffalse}
+\def\SpecialMainOptionIndex#1{%
+    \@bsphack
+    \special@index{#1\actualchar\string\texttt{#1} option\encapchar main}%
+    \@esphack
+}
+\def\SpecialOptionIndex{\@category@index{option}}
+\def\hDocInput#1{\MakePercentIgnore
+  \begingroup
+  \begingroup \lccode`\~=`\@
+  \lowercase{\endgroup\long\def ~}##1##{%
+    \catcode`\==12 \skipfileheader{##1}}%
+  \catcode`\@=\active \catcode`\==14 % comment
+  \def\filename{#1}%
+  \@@input#1 \MakePercentComment}
+\def\skipfileheader#1#2 {\endgroup
+  \hGetFileInfo#2 version = "??" date = "??"\@nil
+  \begingroup\catcode`\==9 \catcode`\ =9 \futurelet\0\endgroup
+}
+\long\def\hGetFileInfo#1 version = "#2"#3 date = "#4"#5\@nil{%
+  \def\fileversion{#2}\def\filedate{#4}}
+\DoNotIndex{\@xp,\@nx,\@empty,\newcommand,\renewcommand}
+\DoNotIndex{\newenvironment,\renewenvironment,\providecommand}
+\DoNotIndex{\if,\fi,\ifnum,\fi,\@let@token,\futurelet,\fsa@n}
+\DoNotIndex{\ignorespaces,\@tempcnta,\@tempcntb,\count@}
+\DoNotIndex{\toks@,\@ne,\advance}
+\DoNotIndex{\!,\/,\?,\@,\^,\_}
+\DoNotIndex{\@@par,\@M,\@auxout,\@bsphack,\@esphack,\@depth,\@ehc}
+\DoNotIndex{\@for,\@flushglue,\@gobble,\@gobbletwo,\@height,\@idxitem}
+\DoNotIndex{\@ifnextchar,\@ifstar,\@ifundefined,\@input,\@latexerr}
+\DoNotIndex{\@makeschapterhead,\@namedef,\@nameuse,\@nil}
+\DoNotIndex{\@nobreakfalse,\@restonecolfalse,\@restonecoltrue}
+\DoNotIndex{\@tempa,\@tempb,\@tempc,\@tempf,\@temptokena,\@themark,\@width}
+\DoNotIndex{\active,\aindex,\baselineskip,\begin,\begingroup,\box}
+\DoNotIndex{\c@page,\catcode,\chapter,\char,\chardef,\closeout}
+\DoNotIndex{\CodelineIndex,\sp,\sb,\label,\leavevmode,\mark}
+\DoNotIndex{\mark,\newinsert,\newwrite,\newtoks,\xdef}
+\DoNotIndex{\columnsep,\columnseprule,\columnwidth,\csname,\def}
+\DoNotIndex{\dimen,\do,\DocInput,\documentstyle,\edef,\em}
+\DoNotIndex{\EnableCrossrefs,\end,\endcsname,\endgroup,\endinput}
+\DoNotIndex{\everypar,\expandafter,\filedate,\fileversion}
+\DoNotIndex{\footnotesize,\gdef,\global,\glossary,\hangindent}
+\DoNotIndex{\if@filesw,\else,\fi}
+\DoNotIndex{\if@nobreak,\if@twocolumn,\if@twoside,\fi,\fi,\fi}
+\DoNotIndex{\hsize,\hskip}
+\DoNotIndex{\ifhmode,\ifmmode,\ifodd,\ifvmode,\ifx,\fi,\fi,\fi,\fi,\fi}
+\DoNotIndex{\ifcase,\ifdim,\ifeof,\iffalse,\iftrue,\fi,\fi,\fi,\fi,\fi}
+\DoNotIndex{\ifcat,\fi}
+\DoNotIndex{\immediate,\insert,\item,\jobname,\long}
+\DoNotIndex{\let,\lineskip,\marginparsep,\marginparwidth,\maxdimen}
+\DoNotIndex{\makeatletter,\noexpand,\openout,\protect,\rlap}
+\DoNotIndex{\min,\newpage,\nobreak,\normalbaselineskip}
+\DoNotIndex{\normallineskip,\p@,\par,\parfillskip,\parindent,\parskip}
+\DoNotIndex{\penalty,\relax,\section,\sin,\sloppy,\space,\string}
+\DoNotIndex{\tableofcontents,\the,\thepage,\thispagestyle,\toks,\tt}
+\DoNotIndex{\twocolumn,\uppercase,\vbox,\vrule,\vskip,\vss}
+\DoNotIndex{\write,\z@,\z@skip}
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `amsdtx.cls'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsmidx.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsmidx.sty
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f8bae104430
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsmidx.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `amsmidx.sty',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% amsmidx.dtx 
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @LaTeX-file{
+%%%   filename  = "amsmidx.dtx",
+%%%   version   = "2.01",
+%%%   date      = "2004/08/03",
+%%%   time      = "14:45:42 EDT",
+%%%   checksum  = "63234 241 948 8307",
+%%%   author    = "American Mathematical Society",
+%%%   copyright = "Copyright 1995, 2004 American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                all rights reserved.  Copying of this file is
+%%%                authorized only if either:
+%%%                (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy,
+%%%                including name; OR
+%%%                (2) if you do make changes, you first rename it
+%%%                to some other name.",
+%%%   address   = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                Technical Support,
+%%%                Publications Technical Group,
+%%%                201 Charles Street,
+%%%                Providence, RI 02904,
+%%%                USA",
+%%%   telephone = "401-455-4080 or (in the USA and Canada)
+%%%                800-321-4AMS (321-4267)",
+%%%   FAX       = "401-331-3842",
+%%%   email     = "tech-support@ams.org (Internet)",
+%%%   codetable = "ISO/ASCII",
+%%%   keywords  = "latex, amslatex, multiple indexes",
+%%%   supported = "yes",
+%%%   abstract  = "This is part of the AMS-\LaTeX{} distribution.
+%%%                It contains code to support the creation and
+%%%                typesetting of multiple indexes with AMS-LaTeX{}
+%%%                document classes, superseding the single-index
+%%%                facilities built into those document classes.
+%%%                It also provides a facility to insert a paragraph
+%%%                of comments between the title and the index proper",
+%%%   docstring = "The checksum field above contains a CRC-16
+%%%                checksum as the first value, followed by the
+%%%                equivalent of the standard UNIX wc (word
+%%%                count) utility output of lines, words, and
+%%%                characters.  This is produced by Robert
+%%%                Solovay's checksum utility.",
+%%% }
+%%% ====================================================================
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/06/01]
+\ProvidesPackage{amsmidx}[2004/08/03 v2.01 multiple indexes for AMS classes]
+\renewcommand{\makeindex}[1]{%
+  \begingroup
+    \makeatletter
+    \if@filesw \expandafter\newwrite\csname #1@idxfile\endcsname
+    \expandafter\immediate\openout \csname #1@idxfile\endcsname #1.idx\relax
+    \typeout{Writing index file #1.idx }\fi
+  \endgroup}
+\renewcommand{\index}[1]{%
+  \@bsphack
+  \begingroup
+    \def\protect##1{\string##1\space}\@sanitize\@wrindex{#1}}
+\renewcommand{\@wrindex}[2]{%
+  \let\thepage\relax
+  \xdef\@gtempa{%
+    \@ifundefined{#1@idxfile}{%
+      \PackageError{\@packagename}{%
+        The requested file, #1@idxfile.idx, does not exist;\MessageBreak
+        index term #2 will not be be written out.%
+      }%
+    }{%
+      \expandafter\write\csname #1@idxfile\endcsname
+        {\string\indexentry{#2}{\thepage}}%
+      }%
+    }%
+  \endgroup\@gtempa
+  \if@nobreak \ifvmode\nobreak\fi\fi
+  \@esphack
+  }
+\renewcommand{\printindex}[1]{\@input{#1.ind}}
+\newcommand{\Printindex}[2]{%
+  \begingroup
+    \cleardoublepage
+    \def\indexname{#2}%
+    \raggedright
+    \hyphenpenalty=10000
+    \renewcommand{\seename}{see~also}
+    \renewcommand{\subitem}{\par\hangindent 3em\hspace*{1em}}
+    \@input{#1.ind}%
+  \endgroup
+  }
+\newdimen\@indexcommentwidth
+\@indexcommentwidth=\textwidth
+\ifdim\@indexcommentwidth > 26pc
+  \advance\@indexcommentwidth-6pc
+\else
+  \advance\@indexcommentwidth-4pc
+\fi
+\newcommand{\indexcomment}[1]{%
+  \def\theindexcomment{%
+    \vskip\baselineskip
+    \parbox[t]{\@indexcommentwidth}{\normalsize\mdseries#1}%
+    }%
+  }
+\let\theindexcomment\@empty
+\renewcommand{\indexchap}[1]{%
+  \global\topskip 7.5pc\relax
+  \twocolumn[\fontsize{\@xivpt}{18}%
+    \vskip\topskip\vskip-\baselineskip\hbox{}% adjust top space
+    \bfseries\centering #1\par
+    \ifx\theindexcomment\@empty
+    \else \theindexcomment
+      \global\let\theindexcomment\@empty
+    \fi
+    ]%
+  \global\topskip 34\p@
+}
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `amsmidx.sty'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsproc.cls b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsproc.cls
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a85c122203c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsproc.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1858 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `amsproc.cls',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% amsclass.dtx  (with options: `amsproc,classes')
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @LaTeX-file{
+%%%   filename  = "amsclass.dtx",
+%%%   version   = "2.20",
+%%%   date      = "2004/08/06",
+%%%   time      = "13:03:53 EDT",
+%%%   checksum  = "53558 5204 20497 185872",
+%%%   author    = "American Mathematical Society",
+%%%   copyright = "Copyright 1995, 1999, 2004
+%%%                American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                all rights reserved.  Copying of this file is
+%%%                authorized only if either:
+%%%                (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy,
+%%%                including name; OR
+%%%                (2) if you do make changes, you first rename it
+%%%                to some other name.",
+%%%   address   = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                Technical Support,
+%%%                Publications Technical Group,
+%%%                201 Charles Street,
+%%%                Providence, RI 02904,
+%%%                USA",
+%%%   telephone = "401-455-4080 or (in the USA and Canada)
+%%%                800-321-4AMS (321-4267)",
+%%%   FAX       = "401-331-3842",
+%%%   email     = "tech-support@ams.org (Internet)",
+%%%   codetable = "ISO/ASCII",
+%%%   keywords  = "latex, AMS, documentclass, theorem",
+%%%   supported = "yes",
+%%%   abstract  = "This is the source for the amsthm package and three
+%%%                AMS document classes: amsart, amsproc, and amsbook.
+%%%                They are designed for use with LaTeX.",
+%%%   docstring = "The checksum field above contains a CRC-16 checksum
+%%%                as the first value, followed by the equivalent of
+%%%                the standard UNIX wc (word count) utility output of
+%%%                lines, words, and characters.  This is produced by
+%%%                Robert Solovay's checksum utility.",
+%%% }
+%%% ====================================================================
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}% LaTeX 2.09 can't be used (nor non-LaTeX)
+[1995/06/01]% LaTeX date must be June 1995 or later
+\ProvidesClass{amsproc}[2004/08/06 v2.20]
+\global\expandafter\let\csname ver@amsthm.sty\expandafter\endcsname
+  \csname ver@\@currname.\@currext\endcsname
+\let\@xp=\expandafter
+\let\@nx=\noexpand
+\def\@oparg#1[#2]{\@ifnextchar[{#1}{#1[#2]}}
+\long\def\@ifempty#1{\@xifempty#1@@..\@nil}
+\long\def\@xifempty#1#2@#3#4#5\@nil{%
+  \ifx#3#4\@xp\@firstoftwo\else\@xp\@secondoftwo\fi}
+\long\def\@ifnotempty#1{\@ifempty{#1}{}}
+\def\setboxz@h{\setbox\z@\hbox}
+\def\@addpunct#1{%
+  \relax\ifhmode
+    \ifnum\spacefactor>\@m \else#1\fi
+  \fi}
+\def\nopunct{\spacefactor 1007 }
+\def\frenchspacing{\sfcode`\.1006\sfcode`\?1005\sfcode`\!1004%
+  \sfcode`\:1003\sfcode`\;1002\sfcode`\,1001 }
+\def\@tempa#1#2\@nil{\edef\@classname{#1}}
+\expandafter\@tempa\@currnamestack{}{}{}\@nil
+\ifx\@classname\@empty \edef\@classname{\@currname}\fi
+\def\@True{00}
+\def\@False{01}
+\newcommand\newswitch[2][False]{%
+  \expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname ?@#2\endcsname{%
+    \global\expandafter\let\csname ?@#2\expandafter\endcsname
+      \csname @#1\endcsname
+  }%
+}
+\newcommand{\setFalse}[1]{%
+  \expandafter\let\csname ?@#1\endcsname\@False
+}
+\newcommand{\setTrue}[1]{%
+  \expandafter\let\csname ?@#1\endcsname\@True
+}
+\newswitch{}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\except}[1]{%
+  \if\csname ?@#1\endcsname \expandafter\@gobble
+  \else \expandafter\@firstofone
+  \fi
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\for}[1]{%
+  \if\csname ?@#1\endcsname \expandafter\@firstofone
+  \else \expandafter\@gobble
+  \fi
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\forany}[1]{%
+  \csname for@any@01\endcsname#1,?,\@nil
+}
+\@namedef{for@any@\@False}#1,{%
+  \csname for@any@%
+    \csname ?@\zap@space#1 \@empty\endcsname
+  \endcsname
+}
+\@namedef{?@?}{x}
+\@namedef{for@any@\@True}#1\@nil#2{#2}
+\def\for@any@x{\@car\@gobble}
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}{\paperheight 297mm\paperwidth 210mm
+  \textheight 54.5pc }
+\DeclareOption{letterpaper}{\paperheight 11in\paperwidth 8.5in }
+\DeclareOption{landscape}{\@tempdima\paperheight
+  \paperheight\paperwidth \paperwidth\@tempdima}
+\DeclareOption{portrait}{}
+\DeclareOption{oneside}{\@twosidefalse \@mparswitchfalse}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue  \@mparswitchtrue}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\overfullrule5\p@
+  \ClassWarningNoLine{\@classname}{%
+    When the draft option is used, the
+      \protect\includegraphics\MessageBreak
+    command will print blank placeholder boxes\MessageBreak
+    for the graphics}%
+}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\overfullrule\z@ }
+\def\dateposted#1{\def\@dateposted{#1}}%
+\let\@dateposted\@empty
+\def\@logofont{\fontsize{6}{7\p@}\selectfont}
+\long\def\set@logo#1{%
+  \vbox to\headheight{%
+    \@parboxrestore \@logofont
+    \noindent#1\par\vss
+  }%
+}
+\def\procart@logo{%
+  \set@logo{\publname
+    \ifx\@empty\volinfo \else\newline\volinfo\fi}%
+}
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\DeclareOption{titlepage}{\@titlepagetrue}
+\DeclareOption{notitlepage}{\@titlepagefalse}
+\DeclareOption{onecolumn}{\@twocolumnfalse}
+\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
+\DeclareOption{nomath}{}
+\DeclareOption{noamsfonts}{}
+\DeclareOption{psamsfonts}{%
+  \PassOptionsToPackage{psamsfonts}{amsfonts}%
+  \PassOptionsToPackage{cmex10}{amsmath}}
+\newif\iftagsleft@
+\DeclareOption{leqno}{%
+  \tagsleft@true \PassOptionsToPackage{leqno}{amsmath}}
+\DeclareOption{reqno}{%
+  \tagsleft@false \PassOptionsToPackage{reqno}{amsmath}}
+\newif\ifctagsplit@
+\DeclareOption{centertags}{%
+  \ctagsplit@true \PassOptionsToPackage{centertags}{amsmath}}
+\DeclareOption{tbtags}{%
+  \ctagsplit@false \PassOptionsToPackage{tbtags}{amsmath}}
+\DeclareOption{fleqn}{}%
+\newcommand{\@mainsize}{10}
+\newcommand{\@ptsize}{0}
+\newcommand{\larger}[1][1]{%
+  \count@\@currsizeindex \advance\count@#1\relax
+  \ifnum\count@<\z@ \count@\z@ \else\ifnum\count@>12 \count@12 \fi\fi
+  \ifcase\count@
+    \Tiny\or\Tiny\or\tiny\or\SMALL\or\Small\or\small
+    \or\normalsize
+    \or\large\or\Large\or\LARGE\or\huge\or\Huge\else\Huge
+  \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\smaller}[1][1]{\larger[-#1]}
+\def\@adjustvertspacing{%
+  \bigskipamount.7\baselineskip plus.7\baselineskip
+  \medskipamount\bigskipamount \divide\medskipamount\tw@
+  \smallskipamount\medskipamount \divide\smallskipamount\tw@
+  \abovedisplayskip\medskipamount
+  \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+  \abovedisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+  \advance\abovedisplayshortskip-1\abovedisplayskip
+  \belowdisplayshortskip\abovedisplayshortskip
+  \advance\belowdisplayshortskip 1\smallskipamount
+  \jot\baselineskip \divide\jot 4 \relax
+}
+\renewcommand\normalsize{\@xsetfontsize\normalsize 6%
+  \@adjustvertspacing \let\@listi\@listI}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\Tiny}{\@xsetfontsize\Tiny 1}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\tiny}{\@xsetfontsize\tiny 2}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\SMALL}{\@xsetfontsize\SMALL 3}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\Small}{\@xsetfontsize\Small 4%
+  \@adjustvertspacing
+  \def\@listi{\topsep\smallskipamount \parsep\z@skip \itemsep\z@skip
+    \leftmargin=\leftmargini
+    \labelwidth=\leftmargini \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+  }%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\small}{\@xsetfontsize\small 5\@adjustvertspacing}
+\def\footnotesize{\Small}
+\def\scriptsize{\SMALL}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\large}{\@xsetfontsize\large 7\@adjustvertspacing}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\Large}{\@xsetfontsize\Large 8\@adjustvertspacing}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\LARGE}{\@xsetfontsize\LARGE 9}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\huge}{\@xsetfontsize\huge{10}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\Huge}{\@xsetfontsize\Huge{11}}
+\def\@xsetfontsize#1#2{%
+  \chardef\@currsizeindex#2\relax
+  \edef\@tempa{\@nx\@setfontsize\@nx#1%
+    \@xp\ifcase\@xp\@currsizeindex\@typesizes
+      \else{99}{99}\fi}%
+  \@tempa
+}
+\chardef\@currsizeindex=6
+\widowpenalty=10000
+\clubpenalty=10000
+\brokenpenalty=10000
+\newdimen\linespacing
+\lineskip=1pt \lineskiplimit=1pt
+\normallineskip=1pt \normallineskiplimit=1pt
+\let\baselinestretch=\@empty
+\headheight=8pt \headsep=14pt
+\footskip=12pt
+\textheight=50.5pc \topskip=10pt
+\textwidth=30pc
+\columnsep=10pt \columnseprule=0pt
+\marginparwidth=90pt
+\marginparsep=11pt
+\marginparpush=5pt
+\AtBeginDocument{\settoheight{\footnotesep}{\footnotesize M$^1$}}
+\skip\footins=7pt plus11pt
+\skip\@mpfootins=\skip\footins
+\fboxsep=3pt \fboxrule=.4pt
+\arrayrulewidth=.4pt    \doublerulesep=2pt
+\labelsep=5pt           \arraycolsep=\labelsep
+\tabcolsep=\labelsep    \tabbingsep=\labelsep
+\floatsep=15pt plus 12pt    \dblfloatsep=15pt plus 12pt
+\textfloatsep=\floatsep  \dbltextfloatsep=15pt plus 12pt
+\intextsep=\floatsep
+\@fptop=0pt plus1fil     \@dblfptop=0pt plus1fil
+\@fpbot=0pt plus1fil     \@dblfpbot=0pt plus1fil
+\@fpsep=8pt plus2fil     \@dblfpsep=8pt plus2fil\relax
+\parskip=0pt \relax
+\newdimen\normalparindent
+\normalparindent=18pt
+\parindent=\normalparindent
+\partopsep=0pt \relax \parsep=0pt \relax \itemsep=0pt \relax
+\@lowpenalty=51         \@medpenalty=151        \@highpenalty=301
+\@beginparpenalty=-\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty=-\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty=-\@lowpenalty
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\def\@mainsize{10}\def\@ptsize{0}%
+  \def\@typesizes{%
+    \or{5}{6}\or{6}{7}\or{7}{8}\or{8}{10}\or{9}{11}%
+    \or{10}{12}% normalsize
+    \or{\@xipt}{13}\or{\@xiipt}{14}\or{\@xivpt}{17}%
+    \or{\@xviipt}{20}\or{\@xxpt}{24}}%
+  \normalsize \linespacing=\baselineskip
+}
+\DeclareOption{11pt}{\def\@mainsize{11}\def\@ptsize{1}%
+  \def\@typesizes{%
+    \or{6}{7}\or{7}{8}\or{8}{10}\or{9}{11}\or{10}{12}%
+    \or{\@xipt}{13}% normalsize
+    \or{\@xiipt}{14}\or{\@xivpt}{17}\or{\@xviipt}{20}%
+    \or{\@xxpt}{24}\or{\@xxvpt}{30}}%
+  \normalsize \linespacing=\baselineskip
+}
+\DeclareOption{12pt}{\def\@mainsize{12}\def\@ptsize{2}%
+  \def\@typesizes{%
+    \or{7}{8}\or{8}{10}\or{9}{11}\or{10}{12}\or{\@xipt}{13}%
+    \or{\@xiipt}{14}% normalsize
+    \or{\@xivpt}{17}\or{\@xviipt}{20}\or{\@xxpt}{24}%
+    \or{\@xxvpt}{30}\or{\@xxvpt}{30}}%
+  \normalsize \linespacing=\baselineskip
+}
+\DeclareOption{8pt}{\def\@mainsize{8}\def\@ptsize{8}%
+  \def\@typesizes{%
+    \or{5}{6}\or{5}{6}\or{5}{6}\or{6}{7}\or{7}{8}%
+    \or{8}{10}% normalsize
+    \or{9}{11}\or{10}{12}\or{\@xipt}{13}%
+    \or{\@xiipt}{14}\or{\@xivpt}{17}}%
+  \normalsize \linespacing=\baselineskip
+}
+\DeclareOption{9pt}{\def\@mainsize{9}\def\@ptsize{9}%
+  \def\@typesizes{%
+    \or{5}{6}\or{5}{6}\or{6}{7}\or{7}{8}\or{8}{10}%
+    \or{9}{11}% normalsize
+    \or{10}{12}\or{\@xipt}{13}\or{\@xiipt}{14}%
+    \or{\@xivpt}{17}\or{\@xviipt}{20}}%
+  \normalsize \linespacing=\baselineskip
+}
+\def\ps@empty{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+  \let\@oddhead\@empty \let\@evenhead\@empty
+  \let\@oddfoot\@empty \let\@evenfoot\@empty
+  \global\topskip\normaltopskip}
+\def\ps@plain{\ps@empty
+  \def\@oddfoot{\normalfont\scriptsize \hfil\thepage\hfil}%
+  \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}
+\newswitch{runhead}
+\def\ps@headings{\ps@empty
+  \def\@evenhead{%
+    \setTrue{runhead}%
+    \normalfont\scriptsize
+    \rlap{\thepage}\hfil
+    \def\thanks{\protect\thanks@warning}%
+    \leftmark{}{}\hfil}%
+  \def\@oddhead{%
+    \setTrue{runhead}%
+    \normalfont\scriptsize \hfil
+    \def\thanks{\protect\thanks@warning}%
+    \rightmark{}{}\hfil \llap{\thepage}}%
+  \let\@mkboth\markboth
+}
+\let\sectionname\@empty
+\let\subsectionname\@empty
+\let\subsubsectionname\@empty
+\let\paragraphname\@empty
+\let\subparagraphname\@empty
+\def\leftmark{\expandafter\@firstoftwo\topmark{}{}}
+\def\rightmark{\expandafter\@secondoftwo\botmark{}{}}
+\def\ps@firstpage{\ps@plain
+  \def\@oddfoot{\normalfont\scriptsize \hfil\thepage\hfil
+     \global\topskip\normaltopskip}%
+  \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot
+  \def\@oddhead{\@serieslogo\hss}%
+  \let\@evenhead\@oddhead % in case an article starts on a left-hand page
+}
+\long\def\@nilgobble#1\@nil{}
+\def\markboth#1#2{%
+  \begingroup
+    \@temptokena{{#1}{#2}}\xdef\@themark{\the\@temptokena}%
+    \mark{\the\@temptokena}%
+  \endgroup
+  \if@nobreak\ifvmode\nobreak\fi\fi}
+\def\ps@myheadings{\ps@headings \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo}
+\newskip\normaltopskip
+\normaltopskip=10pt \relax
+\let\sectionmark\@gobble
+\let\subsectionmark\@gobble
+\let\subsubsectionmark\@gobble
+\let\paragraphmark\@gobble
+
+\DeclareOption{makeidx}{}
+\ExecuteOptions{leqno,centertags,letterpaper,portrait,%
+  10pt,twoside,onecolumn,final}
+\ProcessOptions\relax
+\if@compatibility
+  \def\@tempa{\RequirePackage{amstex}\relax}%
+\else
+  \@ifclasswith{\@classname}{nomath}{%
+    \let\@tempa\relax
+  }{%
+    \def\@tempa{\RequirePackage{amsmath}\relax}%
+  }%
+\fi
+\@tempa % load amstex.sty or amsmath.sty
+\@ifundefined{numberwithin}{%
+  \newcommand{\numberwithin}[3][\arabic]{%
+    \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@nocounterr{#2}}{%
+      \@ifundefined{c@#3}{\@nocnterr{#3}}{%
+        \@addtoreset{#2}{#3}%
+        \@xp\xdef\csname the#2\endcsname{%
+          \@xp\@nx\csname the#3\endcsname .\@nx#1{#2}}}}%
+  }
+  \csname newtoks\endcsname\@emptytoks
+}{}
+\if@compatibility
+\else
+  \@ifclasswith{\@classname}{noamsfonts}{%
+    % amsfonts package is not wanted
+  }{%
+    % amsfonts package IS wanted; test whether a recent enough version
+    % seems to be installed
+    \begingroup \fontencoding{U}\fontfamily{msa}\try@load@fontshape\endgroup
+    \global\@xp\let\csname U+msa\endcsname\relax % reset
+    \@ifundefined{U/msa/m/n}{%
+      \ClassError{\@classname}{%
+  Package `amsfonts' not installed, or version too old?\MessageBreak
+  Unable to get font info for the `msam' fonts in the expected form%
+      }{%
+  The amsfonts package will not be loaded, to avoid probable\MessageBreak
+  incompatibility problems. You can (a) use the `noamsfonts'
+      documentclass\MessageBreak
+  option next time, or (b) check that the amsfonts package is
+      installed\MessageBreak
+  correctly, and is not too old to be compatible.%
+      }%
+    }{%
+      \RequirePackage{amsfonts}[1995/01/01]\relax
+    }%
+  }
+\fi % end yesamsfonts branch
+\let\cleardouble@page\cleardoublepage
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \ifx\cleardouble@page\cleardoublepage
+    \def\cleardoublepage{\clearpage{\pagestyle{empty}\cleardouble@page}}
+  \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\uppercasenonmath}[1]{\toks@\@emptytoks
+  \@xp\@skipmath\@xp\@empty#1$$%
+  \edef#1{{\@nx\protect\@nx\@upprep\the\toks@}}%
+}
+\newcommand{\@upprep}{%
+  \spaceskip1.3\fontdimen2\font plus1.3\fontdimen3\font
+  \upchars@}
+\newcommand{\upchars@}{%
+  \def\ss{SS}\def\i{I}\def\j{J}\def\ae{\AE}\def\oe{\OE}%
+  \def\o{\O}\def\aa{\AA}\def\l{\L}\def\Mc{M{\scshape c}}}
+\providecommand{\Mc}{Mc}
+\newcommand{\@skipmath}{}
+\long\def\@skipmath#1$#2${%
+  \@xskipmath#1\(\)%
+  \@ifnotempty{#2}{\toks@\@xp{\the\toks@$#2$}\@skipmath\@empty}}%
+\newcommand{\@xskipmath}{}
+\long\def\@xskipmath#1\(#2\){%
+  \uppercase{\toks@\@xp\@xp\@xp{\@xp\the\@xp\toks@#1}}%
+  \@ifnotempty{#2}{\toks@\@xp{\the\toks@\(#2\)}\@xskipmath\@empty}}%
+\def\altucnm#1{%
+  \MakeTextUppercase{\toks@{#1}}%
+  \edef#1{\the\toks@}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \@ifundefined{MakeTextUppercase}{}{\let\uppercasenonmath\altucnm}%
+}
+\@ifundefined{MakeUppercase}{\let\MakeUppercase\uppercase}{}%
+\newcommand{\today}{%
+  \relax\ifcase\month\or
+  January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+  July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+  \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+%%\if@compatibility
+%%\else
+%%  \def\@obsolete@fontswitch#1#2#3{%
+%%    \@latex@warning@no@line{%
+%%      Command {\string#1...}\on@line\space is obsolete;\MessageBreak
+%%      the LaTeX2e equivalent is \string#3{...}}%
+%%    \gdef#1{\@fontswitch\relax#3}%
+%%  }
+%%  \DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{%
+%%    \@xp\@obsolete@fontswitch\csname cal \endcsname\relax\mathcal}
+%%  \DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{%
+%%    \@xp\@obsolete@fontswitch\csname mit \endcsname\relax\mathnormal}
+%%\fi
+\renewcommand*{\title}[2][]{\gdef\shorttitle{#1}\gdef\@title{#2}}
+\edef\title{\@nx\@dblarg
+  \@xp\@nx\csname\string\title\endcsname}
+\renewcommand{\author}[2][]{%
+  \ifx\@empty\authors
+    \gdef\authors{#2}%
+  \else
+    \g@addto@macro\authors{\and#2}%
+    \g@addto@macro\addresses{\author{}}%
+  \fi
+  \@ifnotempty{#1}{%
+    \ifx\@empty\shortauthors
+      \gdef\shortauthors{#1}%
+    \else
+      \g@addto@macro\shortauthors{\and#1}%
+    \fi
+  }%
+}
+\edef\author{\@nx\@dblarg
+  \@xp\@nx\csname\string\author\endcsname}
+\let\shortauthors\@empty   \let\authors\@empty
+\newif\ifresetcontrib  \resetcontribfalse
+\newcommand\contrib[2][]{%
+  \def\@tempa{#1}%
+  \ifx\@empty\@tempa
+  \else
+    \ifresetcontrib \@xcontribs
+    \else \global\resetcontribtrue
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \ifx\@empty\contribs
+    \gdef\contribs{#1 #2}%
+  \else
+    \g@addto@macro\contribs{\and#1 #2}%
+  \fi
+  \@wraptoccontribs{#1}{#2}%
+}
+\def\wraptoccontribs#1#2{}
+\def\@xcontribs{%
+  \author@andify\contribs
+  \ifx\@empty\xcontribs
+    \xdef\xcontribs{\contribs}%
+  \else
+    \xdef\xcontribs{\xcontribs, \contribs}%
+  \fi
+  \let\contribs\@empty
+}
+\let\contribs\@empty  \let\xcontribs\@empty  \let\toccontribs\@empty
+\let\addresses\@empty      \let\thankses\@empty
+\newcommand{\address}[2][]{\g@addto@macro\addresses{\address{#1}{#2}}}
+\newcommand{\curraddr}[2][]{\g@addto@macro\addresses{\curraddr{#1}{#2}}}
+\newcommand{\email}[2][]{\g@addto@macro\addresses{\email{#1}{#2}}}
+\newcommand{\urladdr}[2][]{\g@addto@macro\addresses{\urladdr{#1}{#2}}}
+\long\def\thanks@warning#1{%
+  \ClassError{\@classname}{%
+    \protect\thanks\space should be given separately, not inside author name.%
+  }\@ehb
+}
+\renewcommand{\thanks}[1]{%
+  \@ifnotempty{#1}{\g@addto@macro\thankses{\thanks{#1}}}%
+}
+\def\enddoc@text{\ifx\@empty\@translators \else\@settranslators\fi
+  \ifx\@empty\addresses \else\@setaddresses\fi}
+\AtEndDocument{\enddoc@text}
+\def\curraddrname{{\itshape Current address}}
+\def\emailaddrname{{\itshape E-mail address}}
+\def\urladdrname{{\itshape URL}}
+\def\@setaddresses{\par
+  \nobreak \begingroup
+\footnotesize
+  \def\author##1{\nobreak\addvspace\bigskipamount}%
+  \def\\{\unskip, \ignorespaces}%
+  \interlinepenalty\@M
+  \def\address##1##2{\begingroup
+    \par\addvspace\bigskipamount\indent
+    \@ifnotempty{##1}{(\ignorespaces##1\unskip) }%
+    {\scshape\ignorespaces##2}\par\endgroup}%
+  \def\curraddr##1##2{\begingroup
+    \@ifnotempty{##2}{\nobreak\indent\curraddrname
+      \@ifnotempty{##1}{, \ignorespaces##1\unskip}\/:\space
+      ##2\par}\endgroup}%
+  \def\email##1##2{\begingroup
+    \@ifnotempty{##2}{\nobreak\indent\emailaddrname
+      \@ifnotempty{##1}{, \ignorespaces##1\unskip}\/:\space
+      \ttfamily##2\par}\endgroup}%
+  \def\urladdr##1##2{\begingroup
+    \def~{\char`\~}%
+    \@ifnotempty{##2}{\nobreak\indent\urladdrname
+      \@ifnotempty{##1}{, \ignorespaces##1\unskip}\/:\space
+      \ttfamily##2\par}\endgroup}%
+  \addresses
+  \endgroup
+}
+\let\@date\@empty
+\def\dedicatory#1{\def\@dedicatory{#1}}
+\let\@dedicatory=\@empty
+\def\keywords#1{\def\@keywords{#1}}
+\let\@keywords=\@empty
+\newcommand*\subjclass[2][1991]{%
+  \def\@subjclass{#2}%
+  \@ifundefined{subjclassname@#1}{%
+    \ClassWarning{\@classname}{Unknown edition (#1) of Mathematics
+      Subject Classification; using '1991'.}%
+  }{%
+    \@xp\let\@xp\subjclassname\csname subjclassname@#1\endcsname
+  }%
+}
+\let\@subjclass=\@empty
+\def\translname{Translated by}
+\def\translator#1{%
+  \ifx\@empty\@translators \def\@translators{#1}%
+  \else\g@addto@macro\@translators{\and#1}\fi}
+\let\@translators=\@empty
+\def\@settranslators{\par\begingroup
+  \addvspace{6\p@\@plus9\p@}%
+  \hbox to\columnwidth{\hss\normalfont\normalsize
+    \translname{ }%
+    \andify\@translators \uppercasenonmath\@translators
+    \@translators}
+  \endgroup
+}
+\newcommand{\xandlist}[4]{\@andlista{{#1}{#2}{#3}}#4\and\and}
+\def\@andlista#1#2\and#3\and{\@andlistc{#2}\@ifnotempty{#3}{%
+  \@andlistb#1{#3}}}
+\def\@andlistb#1#2#3#4#5\and{%
+  \@ifempty{#5}{%
+    \@andlistc{#2#4}%
+  }{%
+    \@andlistc{#1#4}\@andlistb{#1}{#3}{#3}{#5}%
+  }}
+\let\@andlistc\@iden
+\newcommand{\nxandlist}[4]{%
+  \def\@andlistc##1{\toks@\@xp{\the\toks@##1}}%
+  \toks@{\toks@\@emptytoks \@andlista{{#1}{#2}{#3}}}%
+  \the\@xp\toks@#4\and\and
+  \edef#4{\the\toks@}%
+  \let\@andlistc\@iden}
+\def\@@and{and}
+\newcommand{\andify}{%
+  \nxandlist{\unskip, }{\unskip{} \@@and~}{\unskip, \@@and~}}
+\def\and{\unskip{ }\@@and{ }\ignorespaces}
+\def\maketitle{\par
+  \@topnum\z@ % this prevents figures from falling at the top of page 1
+  \@setcopyright
+  \thispagestyle{firstpage}% this sets first page specifications
+  \uppercasenonmath\shorttitle
+  \ifx\@empty\shortauthors \let\shortauthors\shorttitle
+  \else \andify\shortauthors
+  \fi
+  \@maketitle@hook
+  \begingroup
+  \@maketitle
+  \toks@\@xp{\shortauthors}\@temptokena\@xp{\shorttitle}%
+  \toks4{\def\\{ \ignorespaces}}% defend against questionable usage
+  \edef\@tempa{%
+    \@nx\markboth{\the\toks4
+      \@nx\MakeUppercase{\the\toks@}}{\the\@temptokena}}%
+  \@tempa
+  \endgroup
+  \c@footnote\z@
+  \@cleartopmattertags
+}
+\def\@cleartopmattertags{%
+  \def\do##1{\let##1\relax}%
+  \do\maketitle \do\@maketitle \do\title \do\@xtitle \do\@title
+  \do\author \do\@xauthor \do\address \do\@xaddress
+  \do\contrib \do\contribs \do\xcontribs \do\toccontribs
+  \do\email \do\@xemail \do\curraddr \do\@xcurraddr
+  \do\dedicatory \do\@dedicatory \do\thanks \do\thankses
+  \do\keywords \do\@keywords \do\subjclass \do\@subjclass
+}
+\def\@maketitle@hook{\global\let\@maketitle@hook\@empty}
+\def\@maketitle{%
+  \normalfont\normalsize
+  \@adminfootnotes
+  \@mkboth{\@nx\shortauthors}{\@nx\shorttitle}%
+  \global\topskip8pc\relax % 10pc to base of first title line
+  \@settitle
+  \ifx\@empty\authors \else \@setauthors \fi
+  \ifx\@empty\@dedicatory
+  \else
+    \baselineskip26\p@
+    \vtop{\centering{\footnotesize\itshape\@dedicatory\@@par}%
+      \global\dimen@i\prevdepth}\prevdepth\dimen@i
+  \fi
+  \@setabstract
+  \normalsize
+  \if@titlepage
+    \newpage
+  \else
+    \dimen@34\p@ \advance\dimen@-\baselineskip
+    \vskip\dimen@\relax
+  \fi
+} % end \@maketitle
+\def\@adminfootnotes{%
+  \let\@makefnmark\relax  \let\@thefnmark\relax
+  \ifx\@empty\@subjclass\else \@footnotetext{\@setsubjclass}\fi
+  \ifx\@empty\@keywords\else \@footnotetext{\@setkeywords}\fi
+  \ifx\@empty\thankses\else \@footnotetext{%
+    \def\par{\let\par\@par}\@setthanks}%
+  \fi
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \@ifundefined{publname}{%
+    \let\publname\@empty
+    \let\@serieslogo\@empty
+  }{%
+    \def\@serieslogo{\procart@logo}%
+  }%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \@ifundefined{volinfo}{\let\volinfo\@empty}{}
+}
+\def\issueinfo#1#2#3#4{\def\currentvolume{#1}\def\currentissue{#2}%
+  \def\currentmonth{#3}\def\currentyear{#4}}
+\issueinfo{00}% volume number
+  {0}%        % issue number
+  {Xxxx}%     % month
+  {XXXX}%     % year
+\newcommand{\copyrightinfo}[2]{%
+  \def\copyrightyear{#1}%
+  \@ifnotempty{#2}{\def\copyrightholder{#2}}%
+}
+\copyrightinfo{0000}{(copyright holder)}
+\def\pagespan#1#2{\setcounter{page}{#1}%
+  \ifnum\c@page<\z@ \pagenumbering{roman}\setcounter{page}{-#1}\fi
+  \def\start@page{#1}\def\end@page{#2}}
+\pagespan{000}{000}
+\newinsert\copyins
+\skip\copyins=1.5pc
+\count\copyins=1000 % magnification factor, 1000 = 100%
+\dimen\copyins=.5\textheight % maximum allowed per page
+\g@addto@macro\@reinserts{%
+  \ifvoid\copyins\else\insert\copyins{\unvbox\copyins}\fi
+}
+\def\@copyinsfontsize{\fontsize{6}{7\p@}\normalfont\upshape}
+\newif\if@extracrline  \@extracrlinefalse
+\let\@extracrline\@empty
+\relax
+\def\@setcopyright{%
+  \ifx\@empty\@serieslogo
+  \else\ifx\@empty\copyrightyear
+  \else
+    \insert\copyins{\hsize\textwidth
+      \parfillskip\z@\relax
+      \leftskip\z@\@plus.9\textwidth\relax \rightskip\z@\relax
+      \@copyinsfontsize
+      \everypar{}%
+      \vskip-\skip\copyins
+      \if@extracrline
+        \vskip-6pt
+      \fi
+      \nointerlineskip
+      \leavevmode\hfill\vrule\@width\z@\@height\skip\copyins
+      \copyright\copyrightyear\ \copyrightholder\ignorespaces
+      \if@extracrline \@extracrline \fi
+      \par
+      \kern\z@}%
+  \fi\fi
+}
+\def\@combinefloats{%
+  \ifx \@toplist\@empty \else \@cflt \fi
+  \ifx \@botlist\@empty \else \@cflb \fi
+  \ifvoid\copyins \else \@cflci \fi
+}
+\def\@cflci{%
+  \setbox\@outputbox\vbox{%
+    \unvbox\@outputbox
+    \vskip\skip\copyins
+    \if@twocolumn \else \vskip\z@ plus\p@ \fi
+    \hbox to\columnwidth{%
+      \hss\vbox to\z@{\vss
+        \if@twocolumn
+          \if@firstcolumn \else \unvbox\copyins \fi
+        \else
+          \unvbox\copyins
+        \fi
+        }}}%
+  \if@twocolumn \if@firstcolumn
+    \insert\copyins{\unvbox\copyins}%
+  \fi\fi
+  \global\count\copyins=999 \relax
+}
+\newcommand{\abstractname}{Abstract}
+\newcommand{\keywordsname}{Key words and phrases}
+\newcommand{\subjclassname}{%
+  \textup{1991} Mathematics Subject Classification}
+\@xp\let\csname subjclassname@1991\endcsname \subjclassname
+\@namedef{subjclassname@2000}{%
+  \textup{2000} Mathematics Subject Classification}
+\def\@tempb{amsproc}
+\ifx\@classname\@tempb
+  \newcommand{\datename}{\textit{Date}:}
+\else
+  \newcommand{\datename}{Received by the editors}
+\fi
+\def\@settitle{\begin{center}%
+ \Large
+    \bfseries
+  \@title
+  \end{center}%
+}
+\def\author@andify{%
+  \nxandlist {\unskip ,\penalty-1 \space\ignorespaces}%
+    {\unskip {} \@@and~}%
+    {\unskip ,\penalty-2 \space \@@and~}%
+}
+\def\@setauthors{%
+  \begingroup
+  \def\thanks{\protect\thanks@warning}%
+  \trivlist
+  \centering \fontsize{11}{13\p@}\selectfont\@topsep13\p@\relax
+  \item\relax
+  \author@andify\authors
+  \def\\{\protect\linebreak}%
+  \authors
+  \ifx\@empty\contribs
+  \else
+    ,\penalty-3 \space \@setcontribs
+    \@closetoccontribs
+  \fi
+  \endtrivlist
+  \endgroup
+}
+\def\@closetoccontribs{}
+\def\@setcontribs{%
+  \@xcontribs
+  \xcontribs
+}
+\def\@setdate{\datename\ \@date\@addpunct.}
+\def\@setsubjclass{%
+  {\itshape\subjclassname.}\enspace\@subjclass\@addpunct.}
+\def\@setkeywords{%
+  {\itshape \keywordsname.}\enspace \@keywords\@addpunct.}
+\def\@setthanks{\def\thanks##1{\par##1\@addpunct.}\thankses}
+\newbox\abstractbox
+\newenvironment{abstract}{%
+  \ifx\maketitle\relax
+    \ClassWarning{\@classname}{Abstract should precede
+      \protect\maketitle\space in AMS document classes; reported}%
+  \fi
+  \global\setbox\abstractbox=\vtop \bgroup
+    \normalfont\Small
+    \list{}{\labelwidth\z@
+      \leftmargin3pc \rightmargin\leftmargin
+      \listparindent\normalparindent \itemindent\z@
+      \parsep\z@ \@plus\p@
+      \let\fullwidthdisplay\relax
+    }%
+    \item[\hskip\labelsep\scshape\abstractname.]%
+}{%
+  \endlist\egroup
+  \ifx\@setabstract\relax \@setabstracta \fi
+}
+\def\@setabstract{\@setabstracta \global\let\@setabstract\relax}
+\def\@setabstracta{%
+  \ifvoid\abstractbox
+  \else
+    \skip@20\p@ \advance\skip@-\lastskip
+    \advance\skip@-\baselineskip \vskip\skip@
+    \box\abstractbox
+    \prevdepth\z@ % because \abstractbox is a vtop
+  \fi
+}
+\def\titlepage{%
+  \clearpage
+  \thispagestyle{empty}\setcounter{page}{0}}
+\def\endtitlepage{\newpage}
+\def\labelenumi{(\theenumi)}
+\def\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\def\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\def\labelenumiii{(\theenumiii)}
+\def\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\def\labelenumiv{(\theenumiv)}
+\def\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\def\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\def\labelitemi{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\def\labelitemii{\bfseries --}% \upshape already done by \itemize
+\def\labelitemiii{$\m@th\ast$}
+\def\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+\newenvironment{verse}{\let\\\@centercr
+  \list{}{\itemsep\z@ \itemindent -1.5em\listparindent\itemindent
+  \rightmargin\leftmargin \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}\item[]%
+}{%
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\endverse=\endlist % for efficiency
+\newenvironment{quotation}{\list{}{%
+    \leftmargin3pc \listparindent\normalparindent
+    \itemindent\z@
+    \rightmargin\leftmargin \parsep\z@ \@plus\p@}%
+  \item[]%
+}{%
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\endquotation=\endlist % for efficiency
+\newenvironment{quote}{%
+  \list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}\item[]%
+}{%
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\endquote=\endlist % for efficiency
+\def\trivlist{\parsep\parskip\@nmbrlistfalse
+  \@trivlist \labelwidth\z@ \leftmargin\z@
+  \itemindent\z@
+  \let\@itemlabel\@empty
+  \def\makelabel##1{\upshape##1}}
+\renewenvironment{enumerate}{%
+  \ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else
+      \advance\@enumdepth \@ne
+      \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth}\list
+      {\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}{\usecounter
+        {\@enumctr}\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{\upshape##1}}}\fi
+}{%
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\endenumerate=\endlist % for efficiency
+\renewenvironment{itemize}{%
+  \ifnum\@itemdepth>3 \@toodeep
+  \else \advance\@itemdepth\@ne
+    \edef\@itemitem{labelitem\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth}%
+    \list{\csname\@itemitem\endcsname}%
+      {\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{\upshape##1}}}%
+  \fi
+}{%
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\enditemize=\endlist % for efficiency
+\newcommand{\descriptionlabel}[1]{\hspace\labelsep \upshape\bfseries #1:}
+\newenvironment{description}{\list{}{%
+  \advance\leftmargini6\p@ \itemindent-12\p@
+  \labelwidth\z@ \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}%
+}{
+  \endlist
+}
+\let\enddescription=\endlist % for efficiency
+\let\upn=\textup
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \labelsep=5pt\relax
+  \setcounter{enumi}{13}\setcounter{enumii}{13}%
+  \setcounter{enumiii}{13}\setcounter{enumiv}{13}%
+  \settowidth\leftmargini{\labelenumi\hskip\labelsep}%
+  \advance\leftmargini by \normalparindent
+  \settowidth\leftmarginii{\labelenumii\hskip\labelsep}%
+  \settowidth\leftmarginiii{\labelenumiii\hskip\labelsep}%
+  \settowidth\leftmarginiv{\labelenumiv\hskip\labelsep}%
+  \setcounter{enumi}{0}\setcounter{enumii}{0}%
+  \setcounter{enumiii}{0}\setcounter{enumiv}{0}%
+  \leftmarginv=10pt  \leftmarginvi=\leftmarginv
+  \leftmargin=\leftmargini
+  \labelwidth=\leftmargini \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+  \@listi}
+\newskip\listisep
+\listisep\smallskipamount
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini \parsep\z@skip
+  \topsep\listisep \itemsep\z@skip
+  \listparindent\normalparindent}
+\let\@listi\@listI
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+  \topsep\z@skip \parsep\z@skip \partopsep\z@skip \itemsep\z@skip}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginiii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginiv \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginv \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+  \labelwidth\leftmarginvi \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\@ifclasswith{\@classname}{fleqn}{%
+  \let\@tempa\@iden
+  \AtBeginDocument{\mathindent\leftmargini}%
+}{\let\@tempa\@gobble}%
+\@ifpackageloaded{amsmath}{\let\@tempa\@gobble}{%
+  \@ifpackageloaded{amstex}{\let\@tempa\@gobble}{}%
+}
+\@tempa{%
+  \def\[{\relax
+    \ifmmode\@badmath
+    \else
+      \begin{trivlist}%
+      \@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty
+      \@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
+      \item[]\leavevmode
+      \hbox to\linewidth\bgroup$\displaystyle
+      \hskip\mathindent\bgroup
+    \fi}%
+  \def\]{\relax
+    \ifmmode
+      \egroup \m@th$\hfil \egroup
+      \end{trivlist}%
+    \else \@badmath
+    \fi}%
+  \renewenvironment{equation}{%
+    \@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty
+    \@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
+    \refstepcounter{equation}%
+    \@topsep\abovedisplayskip \trivlist
+    \item[]\leavevmode
+    \hbox to\linewidth\bgroup\hskip\mathindent$\displaystyle
+  }{%
+    \m@th$\hfil \displaywidth\linewidth \hbox{\@eqnnum}\egroup
+    \endtrivlist
+  }%
+  \renewenvironment{eqnarray}{%
+    \stepcounter{equation}\let\@currentlabel\theequation
+    \global\@eqnswtrue \global\@eqcnt\z@ \tabskip\mathindent
+    \let\\=\@eqncr \abovedisplayskip\topsep
+    \ifvmode \advance\abovedisplayskip\partopsep \fi
+    \belowdisplayskip\abovedisplayskip
+    \belowdisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+    \abovedisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+    $$\everycr{}\halign to\linewidth\bgroup
+      \hskip\@centering
+      $\displaystyle\tabskip\z@skip####\m@th$&%
+      \@eqnsel \global\@eqcnt\@ne
+      \hfil${}####{}\m@th$\hfil&%
+      \global\@eqcnt\tw@
+      $\displaystyle ####\m@th$\hfil\tabskip\@centering&%
+      \global\@eqcnt\thr@@
+      \hbox to \z@\bgroup\hss####\egroup\tabskip\z@skip\cr
+    }{%
+      \@@eqncr \egroup \global\advance\c@equation\m@ne$$%
+      \global\@ignoretrue
+    }%
+  \newdimen\mathindent
+  \mathindent\leftmargini
+}
+\def\@startsection#1#2#3#4#5#6{%
+ \if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi
+ \par \@tempskipa #4\relax
+ \@afterindenttrue
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@ \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \@afterindentfalse\fi
+ \if@nobreak \everypar{}\else
+     \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace\@tempskipa\fi
+ \@ifstar{\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{\@m}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}%
+         {\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}%
+}
+\def\@seccntformat#1{%
+  \protect\textup{\protect\@secnumfont
+    \csname the#1\endcsname
+    \protect\@secnumpunct
+  }%
+}
+\let\@secnumfont\@empty
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+  \edef\@toclevel{\ifnum#2=\@m 0\else\number#2\fi}%
+  \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \let\@secnumber\@empty
+  \else \@xp\let\@xp\@secnumber\csname the#1\endcsname\fi
+  \@tempskipa #5\relax
+  \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+    \let\@svsec\@empty
+  \else
+    \refstepcounter{#1}%
+    \edef\@secnumpunct{%
+      \ifdim\@tempskipa>\z@ % not a run-in section heading
+        \@ifnotempty{#8}{.\@nx\enspace}%
+      \else
+        \@ifempty{#8}{.}{.\@nx\enspace}%
+      \fi
+    }%
+    \protected@edef\@svsec{%
+      \ifnum#2<\@m
+        \@ifundefined{#1name}{}{%
+          \ignorespaces\csname #1name\endcsname\space
+        }%
+      \fi
+      \@seccntformat{#1}%
+    }%
+  \fi
+  \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@ % then this is not a run-in section heading
+    \begingroup #6\relax
+    \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}{\interlinepenalty\@M #8\par}%
+    \endgroup
+    \ifnum#2>\@m \else \@tocwrite{#1}{#8}\fi
+  \else
+  \def\@svsechd{#6\hskip #3\@svsec
+    \@ifnotempty{#8}{\ignorespaces#8\unskip
+       \@addpunct.}%
+    \ifnum#2>\@m \else \@tocwrite{#1}{#8}\fi
+  }%
+  \fi
+  \global\@nobreaktrue
+  \@xsect{#5}}
+\let\@ssect\relax
+\newcounter{part}
+\newcounter{section}
+\newcounter{subsection}[section]
+\newcounter{subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter{paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter{subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand\thepart          {\arabic{part}}
+\renewcommand\thesection       {\arabic{section}}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection    {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection {\thesubsection .\arabic{subsubsection}}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph     {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph  {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\def\partname{Part}
+\def\part{\@startsection{part}{0}%
+  \z@{\linespacing\@plus\linespacing}{.5\linespacing}%
+  {\normalfont\bfseries\raggedright}}
+\def\specialsection{\@startsection{section}{1}%
+  \z@{2\linespacing\@plus\linespacing}{.5\linespacing}%
+  {\large\scshape\centering}}
+\def\section{\@startsection{section}{1}%
+  \z@{.7\linespacing\@plus\linespacing}{.5\linespacing}%
+  {\normalfont\bfseries\centering}}
+\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}%
+  \normalparindent{.5\linespacing\@plus.7\linespacing}{-.5em}%
+  {\normalfont\bfseries}}
+\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}%
+  \normalparindent\z@{-.5em}%
+  {\normalfont\itshape}}
+\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}%
+  \normalparindent\z@{-\fontdimen2\font}%
+  \normalfont}
+\def\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}%
+  \z@\z@{-\fontdimen2\font}%
+  \normalfont}
+\def\appendix{\par\c@section\z@ \c@subsection\z@
+   \let\sectionname\appendixname
+   \def\thesection{\@Alph\c@section}}
+\def\appendixname{Appendix}
+\def\@Roman#1{\@xp\@slowromancap
+  \romannumeral#1@}%
+\def\@slowromancap#1{\ifx @#1% then terminate
+  \else
+    \if i#1I\else\if v#1V\else\if x#1X\else\if l#1L\else\if
+    c#1C\else\if m#1M\else#1\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi
+    \@xp\@slowromancap
+  \fi
+}
+\def\aufm#1{\par\vspace*{12pt}{\flushright #1\par}}
+\newcommand{\@pnumwidth}{1.6em}
+\newcommand{\@tocrmarg}{2.6em}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
+\newswitch{toc}
+\newswitch{lof}
+\newswitch{lot}
+\newcommand\contentsnamefont{\scshape}
+\def\@starttoc#1#2{\begingroup
+  \setTrue{#1}%
+  \par\removelastskip\vskip\z@skip
+  \@startsection{}\@M\z@{\linespacing\@plus\linespacing}%
+    {.5\linespacing}{\centering\contentsnamefont}{#2}%
+  \ifx\contentsname#2%
+  \else \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{#2}\fi
+  \makeatletter
+  \@input{\jobname.#1}%
+  \if@filesw
+    \@xp\newwrite\csname tf@#1\endcsname
+    \immediate\@xp\openout\csname tf@#1\endcsname \jobname.#1\relax
+  \fi
+  \global\@nobreakfalse \endgroup
+  \addvspace{32\p@\@plus14\p@}%
+  \let\tableofcontents\relax
+}
+\def\contentsname{Contents}
+\def\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\def\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\def\tableofcontents{%
+  \@starttoc{toc}\contentsname
+}
+\def\listoffigures{\@starttoc{lof}\listfigurename}
+\def\listoftables{\@starttoc{lot}\listtablename}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \@for\@tempa:=-1,0,1,2,3\do{%
+    \@ifundefined{r@tocindent\@tempa}{%
+      \@xp\gdef\csname r@tocindent\@tempa\endcsname{0pt}}{}%
+  }%
+}
+\def\@writetocindents{%
+  \begingroup
+  \@for\@tempa:=-1,0,1,2,3\do{%
+    \immediate\write\@auxout{%
+      \string\newlabel{tocindent\@tempa}{%
+        \csname r@tocindent\@tempa\endcsname}}%
+  }%
+  \endgroup}
+\AtEndDocument{\@writetocindents}
+
+\let\indentlabel\@empty
+\def\@tochangmeasure#1{\sbox\z@{#1}%
+  \ifdim\wd\z@>\csname r@tocindent\@toclevel\endcsname\relax
+    \@xp\xdef\csname r@tocindent\@toclevel\endcsname{\the\wd\z@}%
+  \fi
+}
+\def\@toclevel{0}
+\def\@tocline#1#2#3#4#5#6#7{\relax
+  \ifnum #1>\c@tocdepth % then omit
+  \else
+    \par \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace{#2}%
+    \begingroup \hyphenpenalty\@M
+    \@ifempty{#4}{%
+      \@tempdima\csname r@tocindent\number#1\endcsname\relax
+    }{%
+      \@tempdima#4\relax
+    }%
+    \parindent\z@ \leftskip#3\relax \advance\leftskip\@tempdima\relax
+    \rightskip\@pnumwidth plus4em \parfillskip-\@pnumwidth
+    #5\leavevmode\hskip-\@tempdima #6\nobreak\relax
+    \hfil\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\@tocpagenum{#7}}\par
+    \nobreak
+    \endgroup
+  \fi}
+\def\@tocpagenum#1{\hss{\mdseries #1}}
+\def\@tocwrite#1{\@xp\@tocwriteb\csname toc#1\endcsname{#1}}
+\def\@tocwriteb#1#2#3{%
+  \begingroup
+    \def\@tocline##1##2##3##4##5##6{%
+      \ifnum##1>\c@tocdepth
+      \else \sbox\z@{##5\let\indentlabel\@tochangmeasure##6}\fi}%
+    \csname l@#2\endcsname{#1{\csname#2name\endcsname}{\@secnumber}{}}%
+  \endgroup
+  \addcontentsline{toc}{#2}%
+    {\protect#1{\csname#2name\endcsname}{\@secnumber}{#3}}}
+\def\l@section{\@tocline{1}{0pt}{1pc}{}{}}
+\newcommand{\tocsection}[3]{%
+  \indentlabel{\@ifnotempty{#2}{\ignorespaces#1 #2.\quad}}#3}
+\def\l@subsection{\@tocline{2}{0pt}{1pc}{5pc}{}}
+\let\tocsubsection\tocsection
+\def\l@subsubsection{\@tocline{3}{0pt}{1pc}{7pc}{}}
+\let\tocsubsubsection\tocsection
+\let\l@paragraph\l@subsubsection
+\let\tocparagraph\tocsection
+\let\l@subparagraph\l@subsubsection
+\let\tocsubparagraph\tocsection
+\def\l@part{\@tocline{-1}{12pt plus2pt}{0pt}{}{\bfseries}}
+\let\tocpart\tocsection
+\def\l@chapter{\@tocline{0}{8pt plus1pt}{0pt}{}{}}
+\let\tocchapter\tocsection
+\newcommand{\tocappendix}[3]{%
+  \indentlabel{#1\@ifnotempty{#2}{ #2}.\quad}#3}
+\def\l@figure{\@tocline{0}{3pt plus2pt}{0pt}{1.5pc}{}}
+\let\l@table=\l@figure
+\def\refname{References}
+\def\bibname{Bibliography}
+\def\@defaultbiblabelstyle#1{#1.}
+\def\bibliographystyle#1{%
+    \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\bibstyle{#1}}\fi
+    \def\@tempa{#1}%
+    \def\@tempb{amsplain}%
+    \def\@tempc{}%
+    \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+        \def\@biblabel##1{\@defaultbiblabelstyle{##1}}%
+        \def\bibsetup{}%
+    \else
+        \def\bibsetup{\labelsep6\p@}%
+        \ifx\@tempa\@tempc
+            \def\@biblabel##1{}%
+            \def\bibsetup{\labelwidth\z@ \leftmargin24\p@
+                \itemindent-\leftmargin
+                \labelsep\z@ }%
+        \fi
+    \fi}
+\newcommand{\bibliofont}{\footnotesize}
+\newcommand{\@bibtitlestyle}{%
+  \@xp\section\@xp*\@xp{\refname}%
+}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]{%
+  \@bibtitlestyle
+  \normalfont\bibliofont\labelsep .5em\relax
+  \renewcommand\theenumiv{\arabic{enumiv}}\let\p@enumiv\@empty
+  \list{\@biblabel{\theenumiv}}{\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+    \leftmargin\labelwidth \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+    \usecounter{enumiv}}%
+  \sloppy \clubpenalty\@M \widowpenalty\clubpenalty
+  \sfcode`\.=\@m
+}{%
+  \def\@noitemerr{\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+  \endlist
+}
+\def\bysame{\leavevmode\hbox to3em{\hrulefill}\thinspace}
+\def\newblock{}
+\newcommand\MR[1]{\relax\ifhmode\unskip\spacefactor3000 \space\fi
+  MR~\MRhref{#1}{#1}}
+\let\MRhref\@gobble
+\newcommand\URL{\begingroup
+  \def\@sverb##1{%
+    \def\@tempa####1##1{\@URL{####1}\egroup\endgroup}%
+    \@tempa}%
+  \verb}
+\let\URLhref\@gobble
+\def\@URL#1{\URLhref{#1}#1}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newcommand{\@indextitlestyle}{%
+  \twocolumn[\@xp\section\@xp*\@xp{\indexname}]%
+}
+\def\theindex{\@restonecoltrue\if@twocolumn\@restonecolfalse\fi
+  \columnseprule\z@ \columnsep 35\p@
+  \@indextitlestyle
+  \thispagestyle{plain}%
+  \let\item\@idxitem
+  \parindent\z@  \parskip\z@\@plus.3\p@\relax
+  \raggedright
+  \hyphenpenalty\@M
+  \footnotesize}
+\def\indexname{Index}
+\def\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 2em}
+\def\subitem{\par\hangindent 2em\hspace*{1em}}
+\def\subsubitem{\par\hangindent 3em\hspace*{2em}}
+\def\endtheindex{\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\def\indexspace{\par\bigskip}
+\def\footnoterule{\kern-.4\p@
+        \hrule\@width 5pc\kern11\p@\kern-\footnotesep}
+\def\@makefnmark{%
+  \leavevmode
+  \raise.9ex\hbox{\fontsize\sf@size\z@\normalfont\@thefnmark}%
+}
+\def\@makefntext{\indent\@makefnmark}
+\long\def\@footnotetext#1{%
+  \insert\footins{%
+    \normalfont\footnotesize
+    \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
+    \splittopskip\footnotesep \splitmaxdepth \dp\strutbox
+    \floatingpenalty\@MM \hsize\columnwidth
+    \@parboxrestore \parindent\normalparindent \sloppy
+    \protected@edef\@currentlabel{%
+      \csname p@footnote\endcsname\@thefnmark}%
+    \@makefntext{%
+      \rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces#1\unskip\strut\par}}}
+\hfuzz=1pt \vfuzz=\hfuzz
+\def\sloppy{\tolerance9999 \emergencystretch 3em\relax}
+\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{4}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{4}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{4}
+\renewcommand{\topfraction}{.97}
+\renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{.97}
+\renewcommand{\textfraction}{.03}
+\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{.9}
+\renewcommand{\dbltopfraction}{.97}
+\renewcommand{\dblfloatpagefraction}{.9}
+\setlength{\floatsep}{12pt plus 6pt minus 4pt}
+\setlength{\textfloatsep}{15pt plus 8pt minus 5pt}
+\setlength{\intextsep}{12pt plus 6pt minus 4pt}
+\setlength{\dblfloatsep}{12pt plus 6pt minus 4pt}
+\setlength{\dbltextfloatsep}{15pt plus 8pt minus 5pt}
+\setlength{\@fptop}{0pt}% removed "plus 1fil"
+\setlength{\@fpsep}{8pt}% removed "plus 2fil"
+\setlength{\@fpbot}{0pt plus 1fil}
+\setlength{\@dblfptop}{0pt}% removed "plus 1fil"
+\setlength{\@dblfpsep}{8pt}% removed "plus 2fil"
+\setlength{\@dblfpbot}{0pt plus 1fil}
+\newcommand{\fps@figure}{tbp}
+\newcommand{\fps@table}{tbp}
+\newcounter{figure}
+\def\@captionheadfont{\scshape}
+\def\@captionfont{\normalfont}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename\ \thefigure}
+\def\figurename{Figure}
+\newenvironment{figure}{%
+  \@float{figure}%
+}{%
+  \end@float
+}
+\newenvironment{figure*}{%
+  \@dblfloat{figure}%
+}{%
+  \end@dblfloat
+}
+\newcounter{table}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename\ \thetable}
+\def\tablename{Table}
+\newenvironment{table}{%
+  \@float{table}%
+}{%
+  \end@float
+}
+\newenvironment{table*}{%
+  \@dblfloat{table}%
+}{%
+  \end@dblfloat
+}
+\def\@floatboxreset{\global\@minipagefalse \centering}
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+  \setbox\@tempboxa\vbox{\color@setgroup
+    \advance\hsize-2\captionindent\noindent
+    \@captionfont\@captionheadfont#1\@xp\@ifnotempty\@xp
+        {\@cdr#2\@nil}{.\@captionfont\upshape\enspace#2}%
+    \unskip\kern-2\captionindent\par
+    \global\setbox\@ne\lastbox\color@endgroup}%
+  \ifhbox\@ne % the normal case
+    \setbox\@ne\hbox{\unhbox\@ne\unskip\unskip\unpenalty\unkern}%
+  \fi
+  \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa=\z@ % this means caption will fit on one line
+    \setbox\@ne\hbox to\columnwidth{\hss\kern-2\captionindent\box\@ne\hss}%
+  \else % tempboxa contained more than one line
+    \setbox\@ne\vbox{\unvbox\@tempboxa\parskip\z@skip
+        \noindent\unhbox\@ne\advance\hsize-2\captionindent\par}%
+  \fi
+  \ifnum\@tempcnta<64 % if the float IS a figure...
+    \addvspace\abovecaptionskip
+    \hbox to\hsize{\kern\captionindent\box\@ne\hss}%
+  \else % if the float IS NOT a figure...
+    \hbox to\hsize{\kern\captionindent\box\@ne\hss}%
+    \nobreak
+    \vskip\belowcaptionskip
+  \fi
+\relax
+}
+\newskip\abovecaptionskip \abovecaptionskip=12pt \relax
+\newskip\belowcaptionskip \belowcaptionskip=12pt \relax
+\newdimen\captionindent \captionindent=3pc
+\def\nonbreakingspace{\unskip\nobreak\ \ignorespaces}
+\def~{\protect\nonbreakingspace}
+\def\@biblabel#1{\@ifnotempty{#1}{[#1]}}
+\def\@citestyle{\m@th\upshape\mdseries}
+\def\citeform#1{{\bfseries#1}}
+\def\@cite#1#2{{%
+  \@citestyle[\citeform{#1}\if@tempswa, #2\fi]}}
+\@ifundefined{cite }{%
+  \expandafter\let\csname cite \endcsname\cite
+  \edef\cite{\@nx\protect\@xp\@nx\csname cite \endcsname}%
+}{}
+\def\fullwidthdisplay{\displayindent\z@ \displaywidth\columnwidth}
+\edef\@tempa{\noexpand\fullwidthdisplay\the\everydisplay}
+\everydisplay\expandafter{\@tempa}
+\newcommand*\seeonlyname{see}
+\newcommand*\seename{see also}
+\newcommand*\alsoname{see also}
+\newcommand*\seeonly[2]{\emph{\seeonlyname} #1}
+\newcommand*\see[2]{\emph{\seename} #1}
+\newcommand*\seealso[2]{\emph{\alsoname} #1}
+\newcommand\printindex{\@input{\jobname.ind}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand\textprime{\leavevmode
+  \raise.8ex\hbox{\check@mathfonts\the\scriptfont2 \char48 }}
+
+\newcommand{\theoremstyle}[1]{%
+  \@ifundefined{th@#1}{%
+    \PackageWarning{amsthm}{Unknown theoremstyle `#1'}%
+    \thm@style{plain}%
+  }{%
+    \thm@style{#1}%
+  }%
+}
+\newtoks\thm@style
+\thm@style{plain}
+\newtoks\thm@bodyfont  \thm@bodyfont{\itshape}
+\newtoks\thm@headfont  \thm@headfont{\bfseries}
+\newtoks\thm@notefont  \thm@notefont{}
+\newtoks\thm@headpunct \thm@headpunct{.}
+\newskip\thm@preskip \newskip\thm@postskip
+\def\thm@space@setup{%
+  \thm@preskip=.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip
+                             \@minus.2\baselineskip
+  \thm@postskip=\thm@preskip
+}
+\renewcommand{\newtheorem}{\@ifstar{\@xnthm *}{\@xnthm \relax}}
+\def\@xnthm#1#2{%
+  \let\@tempa\relax
+  \@xp\@ifdefinable\csname #2\endcsname{%
+    \global\@xp\let\csname end#2\endcsname\@endtheorem
+    \ifx *#1% unnumbered, need to get one more mandatory arg
+      \edef\@tempa##1{%
+        \gdef\@xp\@nx\csname#2\endcsname{%
+          \@nx\@thm{\@xp\@nx\csname th@\the\thm@style\endcsname}%
+            {}{##1}}}%
+    \else % numbered theorem, need to check for optional arg
+      \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@ynthm{#2}}[]}%
+    \fi
+  }%
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\@ynthm#1[#2]#3{%
+  \ifx\relax#2\relax
+    \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@xthm{#1}{#3}}[]}%
+  \else
+    \@ifundefined{c@#2}{%
+      \def\@tempa{\@nocounterr{#2}}%
+    }{%
+      \@xp\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@xp\@nx\csname the#2\endcsname}%
+      \toks@{#3}%
+      \@xp\xdef\csname#1\endcsname{%
+        \@nx\@thm{%
+          \let\@nx\thm@swap
+            \if S\thm@swap\@nx\@firstoftwo\else\@nx\@gobble\fi
+          \@xp\@nx\csname th@\the\thm@style\endcsname}%
+            {#2}{\the\toks@}}%
+      \let\@tempa\relax
+    }%
+  \fi
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\@xthm#1#2[#3]{%
+  \ifx\relax#3\relax
+    \newcounter{#1}%
+  \else
+    \newcounter{#1}[#3]%
+    \@xp\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@xp\@nx\csname the#3\endcsname
+      \@thmcountersep\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+  \fi
+  \toks@{#2}%
+  \@xp\xdef\csname#1\endcsname{%
+    \@nx\@thm{%
+      \let\@nx\thm@swap
+        \if S\thm@swap\@nx\@firstoftwo\else\@nx\@gobble\fi
+      \@xp\@nx\csname th@\the\thm@style\endcsname}%
+      {#1}{\the\toks@}}%
+}
+\def\@thm#1#2#3{%
+  \ifhmode\unskip\unskip\par\fi
+  \normalfont
+  \trivlist
+  \let\thmheadnl\relax
+  \let\thm@swap\@gobble
+  \let\thm@indent\indent % indent
+  \thm@headfont{\scshape}% heading font small caps
+  \thm@notefont{\fontseries\mddefault\upshape}%
+  \thm@headpunct{.}% add period after heading
+  \thm@headsep 5\p@ plus\p@ minus\p@\relax
+  \thm@space@setup
+  #1% style overrides
+  \@topsep \thm@preskip               % used by thm head
+  \@topsepadd \thm@postskip           % used by \@endparenv
+  \def\@tempa{#2}\ifx\@empty\@tempa
+    \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@begintheorem{#3}{}}[]}%
+  \else
+    \refstepcounter{#2}%
+    \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@begintheorem{#3}{\csname the#2\endcsname}}[]}%
+  \fi
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\@restorelabelsep{\relax}
+\let\@ythm\relax
+\let\thmname\@iden \let\thmnote\@iden \let\thmnumber\@iden
+\providecommand\@upn{\textup}
+\def\thmhead@plain#1#2#3{%
+  \thmname{#1}\thmnumber{\@ifnotempty{#1}{ }\@upn{#2}}%
+  \thmnote{ {\the\thm@notefont(#3)}}}
+\let\thmhead\thmhead@plain
+\def\swappedhead#1#2#3{%
+  \thmnumber{\@upn{\@secnumfont#2\@ifnotempty{#1}{.~}}}%
+  \thmname{#1}%
+  \thmnote{ {\the\thm@notefont(#3)}}}
+\let\swappedhead@plain=\swappedhead
+\let\thmheadnl\relax
+\let\thm@indent\noindent
+\let\thm@swap\@gobble
+\def\@begintheorem#1#2[#3]{%
+  \deferred@thm@head{\the\thm@headfont \thm@indent
+    \@ifempty{#1}{\let\thmname\@gobble}{\let\thmname\@iden}%
+    \@ifempty{#2}{\let\thmnumber\@gobble}{\let\thmnumber\@iden}%
+    \@ifempty{#3}{\let\thmnote\@gobble}{\let\thmnote\@iden}%
+    \thm@swap\swappedhead\thmhead{#1}{#2}{#3}%
+    \the\thm@headpunct
+    \thmheadnl % possibly a newline.
+    \hskip\thm@headsep
+  }%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\newskip\thm@headsep
+\thm@headsep=5pt plus1pt minus1pt\relax
+\let\adjust@parskip@nobreak=\@nbitem
+\newtoks\dth@everypar
+\dth@everypar={%
+  \@minipagefalse \global\@newlistfalse
+  \@noparitemfalse
+  \if@inlabel
+    \global\@inlabelfalse
+    \begingroup \setbox\z@\lastbox
+     \ifvoid\z@ \kern-\itemindent \fi
+    \endgroup
+    \unhbox\@labels
+  \fi
+  \if@nobreak \@nobreakfalse \clubpenalty\@M
+  \else \clubpenalty\@clubpenalty \everypar{}%
+  \fi
+}%
+\def\deferred@thm@head#1{%
+  \if@inlabel \indent \par \fi % eject a section head if one is pending
+  \if@nobreak
+    \adjust@parskip@nobreak
+  \else
+    \addpenalty\@beginparpenalty
+    \addvspace\@topsep
+    \addvspace{-\parskip}%
+  \fi
+  \global\@inlabeltrue
+  \everypar\dth@everypar
+  \sbox\@labels{\normalfont#1}%
+  \ignorespaces
+}
+\def\nonslanted{\relax
+  \@xp\let\@xp\@tempa\csname\f@shape shape\endcsname
+  \ifx\@tempa\itshape\upshape
+  \else\ifx\@tempa\slshape\upshape\fi\fi}
+\def\swapnumbers{\edef\thm@swap{\if S\thm@swap N\else S\fi}}
+\def\thm@swap{N}%
+\let\@opargbegintheorem\relax
+\def\th@plain{%
+%%  \let\thm@indent\noindent % no indent
+%%  \thm@headfont{\bfseries}% heading font is bold
+%%  \thm@notefont{}% same as heading font
+%%  \thm@headpunct{.}% add period after heading
+%%  \let\thm@swap\@gobble
+%%  \thm@preskip\topsep
+%%  \thm@postskip\theorempreskipamount
+  \itshape % body font
+}
+\def\th@definition{%
+  \normalfont % body font
+}
+\def\th@remark{%
+  \normalfont % body font
+}
+\def\@endtheorem{\endtrivlist\@endpefalse }
+\newcommand{\newtheoremstyle}[9]{%
+  \@ifempty{#5}{\dimen@\z@skip}{\dimen@#5\relax}%
+  \ifdim\dimen@=\z@
+    \toks@{#4\let\thm@indent\noindent}%
+  \else
+    \toks@{#4\def\thm@indent{\noindent\hbox to#5{}}}%
+  \fi
+  \def\@tempa{#8}\ifx\space\@tempa
+    \toks@\@xp{\the\toks@ \thm@headsep\fontdimen\tw@\font\relax}%
+  \else
+    \def\@tempb{\newline}%
+    \ifx\@tempb\@tempa
+      \toks@\@xp{\the\toks@ \thm@headsep\z@skip
+        \def\thmheadnl{\newline}}%
+    \else
+      \toks@\@xp{\the\toks@ \thm@headsep#8\relax}%
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \begingroup
+  \thm@space@setup
+  \@defaultunits\@tempskipa#2\thm@preskip\relax\@nnil
+  \@defaultunits\@tempskipb#3\thm@postskip\relax\@nnil
+  \xdef\@gtempa{\thm@preskip\the\@tempskipa
+    \thm@postskip\the\@tempskipb\relax}%
+  \endgroup
+  \@temptokena\@xp{\@gtempa
+    \thm@headfont{#6}\thm@headpunct{#7}%
+  }%
+  \@ifempty{#9}{%
+    \let\thmhead\thmhead@plain
+  }{%
+    \@namedef{thmhead@#1}##1##2##3{#9}%
+    \@temptokena\@xp{\the\@temptokena
+      \@xp\let\@xp\thmhead\csname thmhead@#1\endcsname}%
+  }%
+  \@xp\xdef\csname th@#1\endcsname{\the\toks@ \the\@temptokena}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\qed}{%
+  \ifmmode \mathqed
+  \else
+    \leavevmode\unskip\penalty9999 \hbox{}\nobreak\hfill
+    \quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+  \fi
+}
+\let\QED@stack\@empty
+\let\qed@elt\relax
+\newcommand{\pushQED}[1]{%
+  \toks@{\qed@elt{#1}}\@temptokena\expandafter{\QED@stack}%
+  \xdef\QED@stack{\the\toks@\the\@temptokena}%
+}
+\newcommand{\popQED}{%
+  \begingroup\let\qed@elt\popQED@elt \QED@stack\relax\relax\endgroup
+}
+\def\popQED@elt#1#2\relax{#1\gdef\QED@stack{#2}}
+\newcommand{\qedhere}{%
+  \begingroup \let\mathqed\math@qedhere
+    \let\qed@elt\setQED@elt \QED@stack\relax\relax \endgroup
+}
+\newif\ifmeasuring@
+\newif\iffirstchoice@ \firstchoice@true
+\def\setQED@elt#1#2\relax{%
+  \ifmeasuring@
+  \else \iffirstchoice@ \gdef\QED@stack{\qed@elt{}#2}\fi
+  \fi
+  #1%
+}
+\def\qed@warning{%
+  \PackageWarning{amsthm}{The \@nx\qedhere command may not work
+    correctly here}%
+}
+\newcommand{\mathqed}{\quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}}
+\def\linebox@qed{\hfil\hbox{\qedsymbol}\hfilneg}
+\@ifpackageloaded{amsmath}{%
+  \def\math@qedhere{%
+    \@ifundefined{\@currenvir @qed}{%
+      \qed@warning\quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+    }{%
+      \@xp\aftergroup\csname\@currenvir @qed\endcsname
+    }%
+  }
+  \def\displaymath@qed{%
+    \relax
+    \ifmmode
+      \ifinner \aftergroup\linebox@qed
+      \else
+        \eqno
+        \let\eqno\relax \let\leqno\relax \let\veqno\relax
+        \hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+      \fi
+    \else
+       \aftergroup\linebox@qed
+    \fi
+  }
+  \@xp\let\csname equation*@qed\endcsname\displaymath@qed
+  \def\equation@qed{%
+    \iftagsleft@
+      \hbox{\phantom{\quad\qedsymbol}}%
+      \gdef\alt@tag{%
+        \rlap{\hbox to\displaywidth{\hfil\qedsymbol}}%
+        \global\let\alt@tag\@empty
+      }%
+    \else
+      \gdef\alt@tag{%
+        \global\let\alt@tag\@empty
+        \vtop{\ialign{\hfil####\cr
+                \tagform@\theequation\cr
+                \qedsymbol\cr}}%
+        \setbox\z@
+      }%
+    \fi
+  }
+  \def\qed@tag{%
+    \global\tag@true \nonumber
+    &\omit\setboxz@h {\strut@ \qedsymbol}\tagsleft@false
+    \place@tag@gather
+    \kern-\tabskip
+    \ifst@rred \else \global\@eqnswtrue \fi \global\advance\row@\@ne \cr
+  }
+  \def\split@qed{%
+    \def\endsplit{\crcr\egroup \egroup \ctagsplit@false \rendsplit@
+      \aftergroup\align@qed
+    }%
+  }
+  \def\align@qed{%
+    \ifmeasuring@ \tag*{\qedsymbol}%
+    \else \let\math@cr@@@\qed@tag
+    \fi
+  }
+  \@xp\let\csname align*@qed\endcsname\align@qed
+  \@xp\let\csname gather*@qed\endcsname\align@qed
+%% Needs some patching up for amsmath 1.2
+}{% end of amsmath branch, start plain LaTeX branch
+  \def\math@qedhere{%
+    \@ifundefined{\@currenvir @qed}{%
+      \qed@warning \aftergroup\displaymath@qed
+    }{%
+      \@xp\aftergroup\csname\@currenvir @qed\endcsname
+    }%
+  }
+  \def\displaymath@qed{%
+    \relax
+    \ifmmode
+      \ifinner \aftergroup\aftergroup\aftergroup\linebox@qed
+      \else
+        \eqno \def\@badmath{$$}%
+        \let\eqno\relax \let\leqno\relax \let\veqno\relax
+        \hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+      \fi
+    \else
+       \aftergroup\linebox@qed
+    \fi
+  }
+  \@ifundefined{ver@leqno.clo}{%
+    \def\equation@qed{\displaymath@qed \quad}%
+  }{%
+    \def\equation@qed{\displaymath@qed}%
+  }
+  \def\@tempa#1$#2#3\@nil{%
+    \def\[{#1$#2\def\@currenvir{displaymath}#3}%
+  }%
+  \expandafter\@tempa\[\@nil
+}
+\@ifpackageloaded{amstex}{%
+  \def\@tempa{TT}%
+}{%
+  \@ifpackageloaded{amsmath}{%
+    \def\@tempb#1 v#2.#3\@nil{#2}%
+    \ifnum\@xp\@xp\@xp\@tempb\csname ver@amsmath.sty\endcsname v0.0\@nil
+       <\tw@
+      \def\@tempa{TT}%
+    \else
+      \def\@tempa{TF}%
+    \fi
+  }{%
+    \def\@tempa{TF}
+  }%
+}
+\if\@tempa
+  \renewcommand{\math@qedhere}{\quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}}%
+\fi
+\newcommand{\openbox}{\leavevmode
+  \hbox to.77778em{%
+  \hfil\vrule
+  \vbox to.675em{\hrule width.6em\vfil\hrule}%
+  \vrule\hfil}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\textsquare}{%
+  \begingroup \usefont{U}{msa}{m}{n}\thr@@\endgroup
+}
+\@ifclasswith{\@classname}{noamsfonts}{%
+  \providecommand{\qedsymbol}{\openbox}%
+}{}
+\providecommand{\qedsymbol}{\textsquare}
+\newenvironment{proof}[1][\proofname]{\par
+  \pushQED{\qed}%
+  \normalfont \topsep6\p@\@plus6\p@\relax
+  \trivlist
+  \itemindent\normalparindent
+  \item[\hskip\labelsep
+        \scshape
+    #1\@addpunct{.}]\ignorespaces
+}{%
+  \popQED\endtrivlist\@endpefalse
+}
+\providecommand{\proofname}{Proof}
+\def\bb@skip#1{%
+  \skip@#1\relax \advance\skip@-\prevdepth \advance\skip@-\baselineskip
+  \vskip\skip@}
+\def\markleft#1{{\let\protect\noexpand
+    \let\label\relax \let\index\relax \let\glossary\relax
+    \expandafter\@markleft\@themark{#1}%
+    \mark{\@themark}}%
+  \if@nobreak\ifvmode\nobreak\fi\fi}
+\def\@markleft#1#2#3{\gdef\@themark{{#3}{#2}}}
+\def\@tempa{}
+\edef\@dh{%
+  \noexpand\mathhexbox{\hexnumber@\symAMSb}67}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\dh}{OT1}{%
+  \edef\@tempb{\scdefault}%
+  \ifx\f@shape\@tempb
+    \leavevmode
+    \raisebox{-.8ex}{\makebox[\z@][l]{\hskip-.08em\accent"16\hss}}d%
+  \else
+    \@dh
+  \fi
+}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\DH}{OT1}{%
+  \leavevmode\raisebox{-.5ex}{\makebox[\z@][l]{\hskip-.07em\accent"16\hss}}D}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\DJ}{OT1}{%
+  \leavevmode\raisebox{-.5ex}{\makebox[\z@][l]{\hskip-.07em\accent"16\hss}}D}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\dj}{OT1}{%
+  \edef\@tempa{\f@shape}\edef\@tempb{\scdefault}%
+  \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+    \leavevmode
+    \raisebox{-.75ex}{\makebox[\z@][l]{\hskip-.08em\accent"16\hss}}d%
+  \else
+    \leavevmode\raisebox{.02ex}{\makebox[\z@][l]{\hskip.1em\accent"16\hss}}d%
+  \fi}
+\hyphenation{acad-e-my acad-e-mies af-ter-thought anom-aly anom-alies
+an-ti-deriv-a-tive an-tin-o-my an-tin-o-mies apoth-e-o-ses
+apoth-e-o-sis ap-pen-dix ar-che-typ-al as-sign-a-ble as-sist-ant-ship
+as-ymp-tot-ic asyn-chro-nous at-trib-uted at-trib-ut-able bank-rupt
+bank-rupt-cy bi-dif-fer-en-tial blue-print busier busiest
+cat-a-stroph-ic cat-a-stroph-i-cally con-gress cross-hatched data-base
+de-fin-i-tive de-riv-a-tive dis-trib-ute dri-ver dri-vers eco-nom-ics
+econ-o-mist elit-ist equi-vari-ant ex-quis-ite ex-tra-or-di-nary
+flow-chart for-mi-da-ble forth-right friv-o-lous ge-o-des-ic
+ge-o-det-ic geo-met-ric griev-ance griev-ous griev-ous-ly
+hexa-dec-i-mal ho-lo-no-my ho-mo-thetic ideals idio-syn-crasy
+in-fin-ite-ly in-fin-i-tes-i-mal ir-rev-o-ca-ble key-stroke
+lam-en-ta-ble light-weight mal-a-prop-ism man-u-script mar-gin-al
+meta-bol-ic me-tab-o-lism meta-lan-guage me-trop-o-lis
+met-ro-pol-i-tan mi-nut-est mol-e-cule mono-chrome mono-pole
+mo-nop-oly mono-spline mo-not-o-nous mul-ti-fac-eted mul-ti-plic-able
+non-euclid-ean non-iso-mor-phic non-smooth par-a-digm par-a-bol-ic
+pa-rab-o-loid pa-ram-e-trize para-mount pen-ta-gon phe-nom-e-non
+post-script pre-am-ble pro-ce-dur-al pro-hib-i-tive pro-hib-i-tive-ly
+pseu-do-dif-fer-en-tial pseu-do-fi-nite pseu-do-nym qua-drat-ic
+quad-ra-ture qua-si-smooth qua-si-sta-tion-ary qua-si-tri-an-gu-lar
+quin-tes-sence quin-tes-sen-tial re-arrange-ment rec-tan-gle
+ret-ri-bu-tion retro-fit retro-fit-ted right-eous right-eous-ness
+ro-bot ro-bot-ics sched-ul-ing se-mes-ter semi-def-i-nite
+semi-ho-mo-thet-ic set-up se-vere-ly side-step sov-er-eign spe-cious
+spher-oid spher-oid-al star-tling star-tling-ly sta-tis-tics
+sto-chas-tic straight-est strange-ness strat-a-gem strong-hold
+sum-ma-ble symp-to-matic syn-chro-nous topo-graph-i-cal tra-vers-a-ble
+tra-ver-sal tra-ver-sals treach-ery turn-around un-at-tached
+un-err-ing-ly white-space wide-spread wing-spread wretch-ed
+wretch-ed-ly Eng-lish Euler-ian Feb-ru-ary Gauss-ian
+Hamil-ton-ian Her-mit-ian Jan-u-ary Japan-ese Kor-te-weg
+Le-gendre Mar-kov-ian Noe-ther-ian No-vem-ber Rie-mann-ian Sep-tem-ber}
+\def\calclayout{\advance\textheight -\headheight
+  \advance\textheight -\headsep
+  \oddsidemargin\paperwidth
+  \advance\oddsidemargin -\textwidth
+  \divide\oddsidemargin\tw@
+  \ifdim\oddsidemargin<.5truein \oddsidemargin.5truein \fi
+  \advance\oddsidemargin -1truein
+  \evensidemargin\oddsidemargin
+  \topmargin\paperheight \advance\topmargin -\textheight
+  \advance\topmargin -\headheight \advance\topmargin -\headsep
+  \divide\topmargin\tw@
+  \ifdim\topmargin<.5truein \topmargin.5truein \fi
+  \advance\topmargin -1truein\relax
+}
+\InputIfFileExists{amsproc.cfg}{}{%
+  \calclayout % initialize
+  \pagenumbering{arabic}%
+  \pagestyle{headings}%
+  \thispagestyle{plain}%
+}
+\if@compatibility \else\endinput\fi
+\def\tiny{\Tiny}
+\def\defaultfont{\normalfont}
+\def\rom{\textup}
+\let\@newpf\proof \let\proof\relax \let\endproof\relax
+\newenvironment{pf}{\@newpf[\proofname]}{\popQED\endtrivlist}
+\newenvironment{pf*}[1]{\@newpf[#1]}{\popQED\endtrivlist}
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `amsproc.cls'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsrbeta.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsrbeta.sty
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6dba64291d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsrbeta.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,901 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `amsrefs.sty',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% amsrefs.dtx  (with options: `pkg')
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @LaTeX-doc-source-file{
+%%%   filename  = "amsrefs.dtx",
+%%%   version   = "1.01",
+%%%   date      = "2000/04/07",
+%%%   time      = "14:13:41 EDT",
+%%%   author    = "Michael J Downes",
+%%%   address   = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                Publications Technical Group,
+%%%                PO Box 6248,
+%%%                Providence, RI 02940,
+%%%                USA",
+%%%   email     = "tech-support@ams.org",
+%%%   URL       = "http://www.ams.org/",
+%%%   abstract  = "A LaTeX package that permits bibliography style
+%%%                to be controlled completely from the LaTeX side
+%%%                instead of being determined chiefly by the BibTeX
+%%%                style file.",
+%%%   checksum  = "13215 2240 8648 73862",
+%%%   docstring = "The checksum field, produced by Robert Solovay's
+%%%                checksum utility, gives CRC-16 checksum, lines,
+%%%                words, and characters.",
+%%%  }
+%%% ====================================================================
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+%\ProvidesPackage{amsrefs}[2000/04/07 v1.03]
+\ProvidesPackage{amsrbeta}[2000/04/07 v1.03]
+\begingroup
+\edef\c{\number\catcode\string`\`}
+\catcode\string`\`=12
+\edef\c{%
+  \endgroup
+  \noexpand\AtEndOfPackage{%
+    \catcode\number`\==\number\catcode`\=
+    \catcode\number`\:=\number\catcode`\:
+    \catcode\number`\`=\c\relax
+  }%
+  \catcode\number`\`=12
+}
+\c \catcode`\'12 \catcode`\=12 \catcode`\:12
+\let\@xp=\expandafter
+\let\@nx=\noexpand
+\long\def\@ifempty#1{\@xifempty#1@@..\@nil}
+\long\def\@xifempty#1#2@#3#4#5\@nil{%
+  \ifx#3#4\@xp\@firstoftwo\else\@xp\@secondoftwo\fi}
+\long\def\@ifnotempty#1{\@ifempty{#1}{}}
+\@ifundefined{@emptytoks}{\csname newtoks\endcsname\@emptytoks}{}
+\def\addto@macro#1#2{\@xp\def\@xp#1\@xp{#1#2}}
+\let\star@char=*
+\def\star@#1#2{%
+  \def\star@a##1{#1}\def\star@b{#1{#2}}%
+  \futurelet\@let@token\star@test
+}
+\def\star@test{%
+  \ifx\@let@token\star@char \let\star@b\star@a\fi
+  \star@b
+}
+\RequirePackage{ifoption}[2000/02/15]
+\DeclareExclusiveOptions{*sorted,*citation-order}
+\DeclareExclusiveOptions{alphabetic,author-year,numeric}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{short-journals}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{short-months}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{initials}
+\DeclareExclusiveOptions{traditional-quotes,logical-quotes}
+\DeclareExclusiveOptions{sorted-cites,non-sorted-cites}
+\DeclareExclusiveOptions{non-compressed-cites,compressed-cites}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{jpa}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{backrefs}
+\def\amsrefs@verbose{01}
+\DeclareOption{?}{\def\amsrefs@verbose{00}}
+\DeclareOption{beta}{}
+\ExecuteOptions{numeric,*sorted,traditional-quotes,%
+  sorted-cites,compressed-cites}
+\ProcessOptions\relax
+\ProcessExclusiveOptions
+\IfOption{beta}{}{%
+  \PackageWarningNoLine{amsrefs}{%
+    Option `beta' should be used with this beta release}%
+}
+%\RequirePackage{rkeyval}[2000/02/02]
+\RequirePackage{rkvbeta}[2000/02/02]
+\RequirePackage{inicap}[2000/02/02]
+\newenvironment{biblist}[1][]{%
+  \normalfont \footnotesize \labelsep .5em\relax
+  \list{\@biblabel{\thebib}}{%
+    \resetbiblist{00}%
+    \usecounter{bib}}%
+    \sloppy
+  \interlinepenalty\@m  \clubpenalty\@M \widowpenalty\clubpenalty
+  \frenchspacing
+  #1\relax
+}{%
+  \def\@noitemerr{\@latex@warning{Empty bibliography list}}%
+  \endlist
+}
+\def\@biblabel#1{[#1]}
+\newcommand{\resetbiblist}[1]{%
+  \settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+  \leftmargin\labelwidth \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+}
+\def\bib@start#1{%
+  \begingroup
+  \let\@elt\relax % work around a LaTeX output routine bug
+  \item\leavevmode
+}
+\def\bib@end{\relax
+  \par\endgroup
+}
+\providecommand{\name}{}
+\DefineAdditiveKey{bib}{author}{\name}
+\DefineAdditiveKey{bib}{editor}{\name}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{title}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{subtitle}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{booktitle}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{series}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{conference}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{publisher}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{organization}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{institution}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{address}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{place}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{year}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{date}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{journal}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{volume}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{number}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{pages}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{part}
+\DefineAdditiveKey{bib}{isbn}{\isbn}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{issn}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{doi}
+\DefineAdditiveKey{bib}{review}{\review}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{status}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{eprint}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{preprint}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{language}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{note}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{xid}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{label}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{type}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{edition}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{setup}
+\DefineDummyKey{bib}{transition}
+\newcommand{\bib}[3][]{%
+  \begingroup
+  \toks@{#1}%
+  \def\@tempa{#2}%
+  \edef\@tempb{%
+    \@nx\@bibdef\@xp\@nx\csname setbib@#3\endcsname{\the\toks@}{#3}%
+      {\@xp\strip@prefix\meaning\@tempa}%
+  }%
+  \@tempb
+}
+\let\biblio@list\@empty
+\newcounter{bib}
+\def\amsrefs@nocomma{\PackageWarning{amsrefs}{%
+  Missing comma: some text might print incorrectly\MessageBreak}}
+\def\@bibdef#1#2#3#4{%
+  \ifx\relax#1%
+    \PackageError{amsrefs}{Undefined entry type: #3}\@ehc
+    \let#1\setbib@misc
+  \fi
+  \RestrictedSetKeys[\amsrefs@nocomma]{bib}%
+    {\bib@exec{#4}{\the\rsk@toks}{#1}{#2}\endgroup}%
+}
+\begingroup \catcode`\'=11
+\gdef\bib@field@patches{%
+  \let\bib@author\bib'author
+  \let\bib@editor\bib'editor
+  \let\bib@date\bib'date
+  \ifx\bib@date\@empty \let\bib@date\bib'year \fi
+  \bib@parsedate
+  \let\bib@language\bib'language
+  \ifx\bib@language\@empty \let\bib@language\biblanguagedefault \fi
+  \ifx\bib'place\@empty \let\bib'place\bib'address\fi
+  \bib'setup
+}
+\endgroup
+\def\bib@bibcite#1#2#3{%
+  \@cons\biblio@list{{#1}}%
+  \if\numeric@refs
+    \stepcounter{bib}%
+    \protected@edef\@currentlabel{\@nx\@nx\@nx\cite@x{\thebib}{}}%
+  \else
+    #2% execute definitions locally
+    \bib@field@patches
+    \def\@currentlabel{\@nx\cite@x{\bib@year}{\bib@author}}%
+    \let\name\relax
+  \fi
+  \protected@edef\@tempa{\protect\bibcite{#1}{\@currentlabel}}%
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\bib@print#1#2#3#4{%
+  \alpha@label{#4}%
+  \bib@start{#1}%
+  #2\bib@field@patches
+  \bib@cite{#1}\kern\@ne sp\relax
+  #3%
+  \bib@end
+}
+\let\bib@exec\bib@bibcite
+\AtBeginDocument{\let\bib@exec\bib@print}
+\IfOption{author-year}{%
+  \def\cite@label{%
+    \ifx\bib@author\@empty \bib@editor \else \bib@author \fi
+  }%
+}{%
+  \def\cite@label{\@currentlabel}%
+}
+
+\IfOption{alphabetic}{%
+  \def\alpha@label{\def\thebib}%
+}{%
+  \let\alpha@label\@gobble
+}
+\def\bib@cite@check#1#2#3#4#5#6\@nil#7{%
+  \ifodd0#2\relax
+    \PackageWarning{amsrefs}{%
+      Duplicate use of \protect\bib\space key `#7'\MessageBreak}%
+  \else
+    \@xp\gdef\csname b@#7\endcsname{\citeselect #11{#3}{#4}{#5}}%
+  \fi
+}
+\def\bib@cite#1{%
+  \protected@write\@auxout {\def\name{\protect\name}}{%
+    \protect\bibcite{#1}{%
+      \protect\citeselect 00{\cite@label}{\bib@year}{}}%
+  }%
+  \@ifundefined{b@#1}{%
+    \protected@edef\@tempa{%
+      \gdef\@xp\@nx\csname b@#1\endcsname{%
+        \protect\citeselect  01{\cite@label}{\bib@year}%
+      }%
+    }
+    \@tempa
+  }{%
+    \begingroup
+    \let\citeselect\bib@cite@check
+    \csname b@#1\endcsname 00xxx\@nil{#1}%
+    \endgroup
+  }%
+}
+\let\@@testdef\@testdef
+\def\@testdef #1{%
+  \if b\@car#1x\@nil \@xp\test@bibcite
+  \else \@xp\@@testdef
+  \fi
+  {#1}%
+}
+\def\test@bibcite#1#2#3{%
+  \@xp\@xp\@xp\test@bibcite@a\csname b@#2\endcsname #3\@nil
+}
+\def\test@bibcite@a#1#2#3#4\citeselect#5#6#7\@nil{%
+  \def\reserved@a{#4}\def\reserved@b{#7}%
+  \ifx\reserved@a\reserved@b \else\@tempswatrue \fi
+}
+\def\printbibliography{%
+  \bibsection
+  \begin{biblist}%
+  \let\@elt\bib@print
+  \biblio@list
+  \end{biblist}%
+}
+\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]{%
+  \bibsection
+  \biblist[\resetbiblist{#1}]%
+}{%
+  \endbiblist
+}
+\providecommand{\bibname}{Bibliography}
+\@ifundefined{chapter}{%
+  \newcommand{\bibsection}{\section*{\bibname}}%
+}{%
+  \newcommand{\bibsection}{\chapter*{\bibname}}%
+}
+\def\SwapBreak#1{%
+  \@tempcnta\@MM
+  \ifhmode
+    \unskip
+    \ifnum\lastpenalty=\z@
+    \else \@tempcnta\lastpenalty \unpenalty
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \toks@{#1}%
+  \edef\@tempa{%
+    \@nx\deferredquoteslogical
+    \ifnum\lastkern=\@ne
+    \else
+      \ifnum\spacefactor=\sfcode\@xp\@xp\@xp`\@xp\@car\string#1)\@nil
+      \else \the\toks@
+      \fi
+    \fi
+    \@nx\deferredquotes
+    \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@MM \else \penalty\number\@tempcnta\space\fi
+    \ifnum\lastkern=\@ne \ignorespaces \fi
+  }%
+  \@tempa
+}
+\newcount\series@index
+\def\PrintSeries#1#2#3#4#5#6#7#8{%
+  \begingroup
+  \def\series@add@a{#2}%
+  \def\series@add@b{\SwapBreak{#3}#4}%
+  \def\series@add@c{\SwapBreak{#5}#6}%
+  \def\series@add@d{\SwapBreak{#7}#8}%
+  \PrintSeries@a{#1}%
+}
+\newcommand{\SingularPlural}[2]{#1}
+\newcommand{\Plural}{\SingularPlural{}}
+\def\PrintSeries@a#1#2#3#4{%
+  \series@index\z@ \def#1{\advance\series@index\@ne \@gobble}%
+  #3\relax
+  \ifnum\series@index=\@ne \let\SingularPlural\@firstoftwo
+  \else \let\SingularPlural\@secondoftwo
+  \fi
+  \chardef\series@total=\series@index \series@index=\z@
+  \let#1\series@add
+  #2#3#4\relax
+  \endgroup
+}
+\def\series@add#1{%
+  \advance\series@index\@ne
+  \let\@tempa\relax
+  \ifcase\series@index
+  \or % material before name 1
+    \let\@tempa\series@add@a
+  \or % material before name 2
+    \ifnum\series@total<\thr@@ \let\@tempa\series@add@b
+    \else \let\@tempa\series@add@c
+    \fi
+  \else % material before name 3, 4, 5, ...
+    \ifnum\series@index<\series@total \let\@tempa\series@add@c
+    \else \let\@tempa\series@add@d
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \@tempa{#1}%
+}
+\def\bib@append#1#2#3{%
+  \ifx\@empty#3\relax
+  \else
+    \ifx\relax#2\errmessage{#3=\relax}\fi
+    \@temptokena{\SwapBreak{#1}#2}\toks@\@xp{#3}%
+    \edef\@tempa{\the\@temptokena{\the\toks@}}%
+    \@xp\@tempa
+  \fi
+  \relax
+}
+\let\endbracket\@empty
+\let\bracket@stack\@empty
+\def\push@bracket#1{%
+  \xdef\bracket@stack{#1\bracket@stack}%
+}
+\def\pop@bracket{\iffalse{\fi
+  \@xp\pop@bracket@a\bracket@stack \@empty}}
+\def\pop@bracket@a#1{\leavevmode\/\upn{#1}\xdef\bracket@stack{\iffalse}\fi}
+\providecommand{\upn}[1]{#1}
+\newcommand{\parenthesize}[1]{%
+  \leavevmode\push@bracket)\upn{(}#1\pop@bracket
+}
+\let\deferredquotes\@empty
+\IfOption{logical-quotes}{%
+  \def\deferredquoteslogical{\deferredquotes}%
+}{%
+  \let\deferredquoteslogical\relax
+}
+\newcommand{\bibquotes}[1]{%
+  \textquotedblleft#1%
+  \gdef\deferredquotes{%
+    \global\let\deferredquotes\@empty \textquotedblright
+  }%
+}
+\providecommand{\mdash}{\textemdash}
+\providecommand{\ndash}{\textendash}
+\providecommand{\MRhref}[1]{}
+\@ifundefined{@addpunct}{%
+  \def\@addpunct#1{%
+    \relax\ifhmode\unskip\ifnum\spacefactor>\@m \else#1\fi\fi
+  }
+  \def\frenchspacing{\sfcode`\.1006\sfcode`\?1005\sfcode`\!1004%
+    \sfcode`\:1003\sfcode`\;1002\sfcode`\,1001 }
+}{}
+\providecommand{\nopunct}{\spacefactor 1005 }
+\def\bibspec@scan#1#2#3#4{%
+  \toks@\@xp{\the\toks@\bib@append{#1}{#2}}%
+  \edef\@tempa{%
+    \toks@{\the\toks@ \@xp\@nx\csname bib'#3\endcsname}%
+  }%
+  \@tempa
+  \ifx\@empty#4\@xp\@gobble % end the recursion
+  \else \ifx +#4\else\bibspec@scan@error\fi
+  \fi
+  \bibspec@scan
+}
+\newcommand{\bibspec}[2]{%
+  \toks@\@emptytoks
+  \@ifnextchar{+}{\@xp\bibspec@scan\@gobble}{\bibspec@scan}#2%
+    \@empty\@empty\@empty\@empty
+  \@xp\edef\csname setbib@#1\endcsname{\the\toks@}%
+}
+\IfOption{initials}{%
+  \def\set@forenames#1#2 #3{%
+    \ignorespaces#1. \ifx\@empty#3\@xp\@gobbletwo\fi \set@forenames#3%
+  }
+}{%
+  \def\set@forenames{\ignorespaces}
+}
+\def\uninvertName#1{\rnscan@a#1,,,\@nil}
+\def\rnscan@a#1,#2,#3,#4\@nil{%
+  \set@forenames#2 \@empty#1\unskip
+  \@ifnotempty{#3}{, \ignorespaces #3}}
+\def\UninvertedNames{%
+  \PrintSeries{\name}%
+    {\uninvertName}%
+    {}{ and \uninvertName}%
+    {,}{ \uninvertName}%
+    {,}{ and \uninvertName}%
+}
+\newcommand{\aulist}[1]{\UninvertedNames{}{#1}{}}
+\providecommand{\bysame}{\leavevmode\hbox to3em{\hrulefill}\thinspace}
+\newcommand{\sameauthors}[1]{\bysame}
+\def\PreviousAuthors{\relax}
+\newcommand{\PrintAuthors}{%
+  \ifx\PreviousAuthors\bib@author \@xp\sameauthors
+  \else
+    \global\let\PreviousAuthors\bib@author
+    \@xp\aulist
+  \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintEditorsA}[1]{%
+  \UninvertedNames{}{#1}{ (ed\Plural{s}.)}%
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintEditorsB}[1]{%
+  \UninvertedNames{(}{#1}{\SwapBreak{,} ed\Plural{s}.)}%
+}
+\newcommand{\ReviewList}[1]{%
+  \PrintSeries{\review}{}{,}{ }{,}{ }{,}{ }{}{#1}{}%
+}
+\newcommand{\voltext}{vol.~}
+\newcommand{\pptext}[1]{%
+  p\pp@scan@a#1@\ndash p@\ndash{\pp@scan#1@-p@-{}\@nil}\@nil.~#1%
+}
+\def\pp@scan#1-#2@-#3#4\@nil{#3}
+\def\pp@scan@a#1\ndash#2@\ndash#3#4\@nil{#3}
+\newcommand{\eprintpages}[1]{%
+  #1\IfEmptyBibField{eprint}{}{\IfEmptyBibField{journal}{ pp.}{}}%
+}
+\def\ISSNlookup#1{%
+  \@ifnotempty{#1}{%
+    \ISSN@lu#1\@nil{#1}%
+  }%
+}
+\def\ISSN@lu#1#2\@nil#3{%
+  \def\@tempa{#3}%
+  \ifcat A\@nx#1%
+    \lowercase{\if#1}#1%
+        \def\@tempb##1<#3>##2##3\@nil{\def\@tempc{##2}}%
+      \@xp\@tempb\ISSN@list<#3>{}\@nil
+      \ifx\@tempc\@empty \arf@unknown{journal}{#3}%
+      \else \let\@tempa\@tempc
+      \fi
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\arf@unknown#1#2{%
+  \toks@{#2}%
+  \PackageWarning{amsrefs}{Unknown #1 abbreviation '\the\toks@'}%
+}
+\def\PublisherLookup#1{\Publ@LU#1?\@nil{#1}}
+\def\Publ@LU#1#2\@nil#3{%
+  \ifcat A\@nx#1%
+    \lowercase{\if#1}#1%
+      \lowercase{\uppercase{\csname PN}.#3}\endcsname
+    \else
+      #3%
+    \fi
+  \fi
+}
+\def\biblanguageEnglish{English}
+\let\biblanguagedefault\biblanguageEnglish
+\edef\amsrefs@tmp{\catcode\number`\'=\number\catcode`\'\relax}
+\catcode`\'=11
+\newcommand{\EnglishInitialCaps}[1]{%
+  \ifx\@empty\bib'language \let\bib'language\biblanguagedefault\fi
+  \ifx\bib'language\biblanguageEnglish \inicap{#1}\fi
+}
+\amsrefs@tmp
+\def\PrintThesisType#1{%
+  \thesis@type#1?\@nil{#1}%
+}
+\def\thesis@type#1#2\@nil#3{%
+  \ifx p#1Ph.D. Thesis%
+  \else\ifx m#1Master's Thesis%
+  \else #3\fi\fi
+}
+\newcommand{\BibField}[1]{\csname bib'#1\endcsname}
+\newcommand{\IfEmptyBibField}{\rkvIfEmpty{bib}}
+\newcommand{\PrintDOI}[1]{%
+  DOI #1%
+  \IfEmptyBibField{volume}{, (to appear in print)}{}%
+}
+\def\bib@parsedate{%
+  \@xp\bib@parsedate@a\bib@date ---\@nil
+}
+\let\bib@year\@empty
+\let\bib@month\@empty
+\let\bib@day\@empty
+\begingroup \catcode`\'=11
+\gdef\bib@parsedate@a#1-#2-#3-#4\@nil{%
+  \def\bib@year{#1}\def\bib@month{#2}\def\bib@day{#3}%
+  \ifx\@empty\bib@month \let\bib'date\bib@year
+  \else \def\bib'date{#1-#2-#3}%
+  \fi
+}
+\endgroup
+\newcommand{\PrintDatePV}[1]{%
+  \IfEmptyBibField{doi}{\let\@tempa\PrintDate}{%
+    \IfEmptyBibField{volume}{\let\@tempa\PrintDatePosted}{%
+      \let\@tempa\PrintDate}}%
+  \@tempa{#1}%
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintDate}[1]{(\print@date)}
+\def\print@date{%
+  \ifx\bib@month\@empty \else\print@month@day \fi
+  \bib@year
+}
+\def\print@month@day{%
+  \ifcase 0\bib@month\ignorespaces
+  \or January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+      July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\or
+      Winter\or Spring\or Summer\or Fall\else Unknown Month%
+  \fi
+  \ifx\@empty\bib@day \else \space\number 0\bib@day,\fi
+  \space
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintYear}[1]{\bib@year}
+\newcommand{\PrintDatePosted}[1]{\unskip,  posted on \print@date}
+\newcommand{\CardinalNumeric}[1]{%
+  \number#1\relax
+  \if\ifnum#1<14 \ifnum#1>\thr@@ T\else F\fi\else F\fi T%
+    th%
+  \else
+    \@xp\keep@last@digit\@xp#1\number#1\relax
+    \ifcase#1th\or st\or nd\or rd\else th\fi
+  \fi
+}
+\def\keep@last@digit#1#2{%
+  \ifx\relax#2\@xp\@gobbletwo
+  \else #1=#2\relax
+  \fi
+  \keep@last@digit#1%
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintEdition}[1]{%
+  \afterassignment\print@edition
+  \count@ 0#1\relax\@nil
+}
+\newcommand{\editiontext}{ed.}
+\def\print@edition#1#2\@nil{%
+  \ifx\relax#1\relax
+    \ifnum\count@>\z@ \CardinalNumeric\count@
+    \else ??th%
+    \fi
+    \ \editiontext
+  \else \ifnum\count@>\z@\number\count@\fi #1#2\relax
+  \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\intersentencespace}{{\spacefactor3000} }
+\newcommand{\eprint}[1]{#1}
+\bibspec{article}{%
+  +{}{\PrintAuthors}       {author}
+  +{,}{ \textit}      {title}
+  +{:}{ \textit}      {subtitle}
+  +{.}{ }             {part}
+  +{,}{ \ISSNlookup}  {journal}
+  +{} { \textbf}      {volume}
+  +{} { \PrintDatePV} {date}
+  +{,}{ \PrintDOI}    {doi}
+  +{,}{ \eprint}      {eprint}
+  +{} { \parenthesize}{status}
+  +{,}{ \eprintpages} {pages}
+  +{,}{ }             {note}
+  +{.}{}              {transition}
+  +{} {\intersentencespace \ReviewList}   {review}
+}
+\bibspec{book}{%
+  +{}{\PrintAuthors}{author}
+  +{}{\PrintEditorsA}{editor}
+  +{,}{ \textit}{title}
+  +{:}{ \textit}{subtitle}
+  +{,}{ }{type}
+  +{,}{ \EnglishInitialCaps}{booktitle}
+  +{,}{ \PrintEdition}{edition}
+  +{,}{ }{series}
+  +{,}{ vol.~}{volume}
+  +{,}{ part~}{part}
+  +{,}{ \PublisherLookup}{publisher}
+  +{,}{ }{organization}
+  +{,}{ }{place}
+  +{,}{ }{date}
+  +{,}{ ISBN }{isbn}
+  +{}{ \parenthesize}{status}
+  +{,}{ }{note}
+  +{.}{}{transition}
+  +{}{\intersentencespace \ReviewList}{review}
+}
+\bibspec{incollection}{%
+  +{}{\PrintAuthors}{author}
+  +{,}{ \textit}{title}
+  +{:}{ \textit}{subtitle}
+  +{,}{ }{type}
+  +{,}{ \EnglishInitialCaps}{booktitle}
+  +{,}{ \PrintEdition}{edition}
+  +{}{ \PrintEditorsB}{editor}
+  +{,}{ Proc.\ }{conference}
+  +{,}{ }{series}
+  +{,}{ vol.~}{volume}
+  +{,}{ part~}{part}
+  +{,}{ \PublisherLookup}{publisher}
+  +{,}{ }{organization}
+  +{,}{ }{place}
+  +{,}{ }{date}
+  +{,}{ \pptext}{pages}
+  +{,}{ ISBN }{isbn}
+  +{}{ \parenthesize}{status}
+  +{,}{ }{note}
+  +{.}{}{transition}
+  +{}{\intersentencespace \ReviewList}{review}
+}
+\let\setbib@inproceedings\setbib@incollection
+\let\setbib@booktitle\setbib@incollection
+\let\setbib@misc\setbib@book
+\let\setbib@unpublished\setbib@book
+\bibspec{techreport}{%
+  +{}{\PrintAuthors}{author}
+  +{}{\PrintEditorsA}{editor}
+  +{,}{ \textit}{title}
+  +{:}{ \textit}{subtitle}
+  +{,}{ }{type}
+  +{,}{ \EnglishInitialCaps}{booktitle}
+  +{,}{ Technical Report }{number}
+  +{,}{ }{series}
+  +{,}{ vol.~}{volume}
+  +{,}{ part~}{part}
+  +{,}{ \PublisherLookup}{publisher}
+  +{,}{ }{organization}
+  +{,}{ }{institution}
+  +{,}{ }{place}
+  +{,}{ }{date}
+  +{,}{ ISBN }{isbn}
+  +{,}{ \eprint}      {eprint}
+  +{}{ \parenthesize}{status}
+  +{,}{ }{note}
+  +{.}{}{transition}
+  +{}{\intersentencespace \ReviewList}{review}
+}
+\bibspec{thesis}{%
+  +{}{\PrintAuthors}{author}
+  +{}{\PrintEditorsA}{editor}
+  +{,}{ \textit}{title}
+  +{:}{ \textit}{subtitle}
+  +{,}{ \PrintThesisType}{type}
+  +{,}{ part~}{part}
+  +{,}{ }{organization}
+  +{,}{ }{institution}
+  +{,}{ }{place}
+  +{,}{ }{date}
+  +{}{ \parenthesize}{status}
+  +{,}{ }{note}
+  +{.}{}{transition}
+  +{}{\intersentencespace \ReviewList}{review}
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\tsup}[1]{%
+  \leavevmode\raise.9ex\hbox{\fontsize\sf@size\z@\selectfont #1}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\tsub}[1]{%
+  \leavevmode\lower.6ex\hbox{\fontsize\sf@size\z@\selectfont #1}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\tprime}{\tsup{\usefont{OMS}{cmsy}{m}{n}\char48 }}
+\def\citeleft{[}
+\def\citeright{]}
+\def\citemid{,\penalty9999 \space}
+\def\citepunct{,\penalty9999 \hskip.13em plus.1em minus.05em\relax}
+\let\citeform\@iden
+\def\@citeleft{\citeleft}
+\def\citeselect@author#1#2#3#4#5{\UninvertedNames{#3}}
+\def\citeselect@authoryear#1#2#3#4#5{\UninvertedNames{#3}, #4}
+\def\citeselect@object#1#2#3#4#5{\UninvertedNames{#3} \citeleft#4}
+\def\citeselect@year#1#2#3#4#5{#4}
+\def\citeselect@key#1#2#3#4#5{#3}
+\let\citeselect\citeselect@key
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\cite}[1]{\star@{\cite@a\citeselect{#1}}{}}
+\def\cite@multiple#1,#2#3\@nil{\ifx\relax#2F\else T\fi T}
+\def\MultipleCiteKeyWarning#1{%
+  \PackageWarning{amsrefs}{%
+    Use of \string\cites\space is recommended\MessageBreak
+    instead of \string\cite\space for multiple cites '#1'}%
+  \global\let\MultipleCiteKeyWarning\@gobble
+}
+\def\cite@a#1#2{%
+  \begingroup
+  \def\@tempa{#2}%
+  \toks@{\endgroup \cite@b#1}%
+  \edef\@tempa{\the\toks@{\@xp\strip@prefix\meaning\@tempa}}%
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\cite@b#1#2#3{%
+  \if\cite@multiple#2,\relax\@nil
+    \MultipleCiteKeyWarning{#2}%
+    \cites{#2}%
+  \else
+    \cite@c#1{#2}{#3}%
+  \fi
+}
+\@ifundefined{@extra@b@citeb}{\let\@extra@b@citeb\@empty}{}
+\def\cite@lookup#1{\csname b@#1\@extra@b@citeb\endcsname}
+\def\undefined@cite#1{%
+  \PackageWarning{amsrefs}{Undefined citation '#1'}%
+  \texttt{#1}}
+\newcommand{\citedest}[2]{}
+\def\cite@c#1#2#3{%
+  \begingroup
+  \let\citeselect#1\relax
+  \@citeleft
+  \@xp\@xp\@xp\ifx\cite@lookup{#2}\relax \undefined@cite{#2}%
+  \else \cite@lookup{#2}%
+  \fi
+  \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+  \write\@auxout{\string\citedest{#2}{\thepage}}%
+  \@ifnotempty{#3}{\citemid #3}%
+  \citeright
+  \endgroup
+}
+\newcommand{\cites}[1]{}
+\def\cites#1{\begingroup
+  \edef\@tempa{\zap@space#1 \@empty}%
+  \edef\@tempa{\@xp\strip@prefix\meaning\@tempa}%
+  \edef\@tempa{\endgroup
+    \@nx\citelist@a{}{sorted}{%
+      \@xp\cites@a\@tempa,{@\csname fi\@car\endcsname},\@nil
+    }%
+  }%
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\cites@a#1,{%
+  \ifx @#1@\else \@nx\cite@c\@nx\citeselect{#1}{}\fi \cites@a
+}
+\newcommand{\citelist}{\@ifnextchar <{\citelist@a}{\citelist@a <{sorted}}}%
+\def\NonNumericCiteWarning{%
+  \PackageWarning{amsrefs}{%
+    Unable to confirm that cite keys are numeric: not sorting%
+  }%
+}
+\def\citelist@a#1#2#3{%
+  \leavevmode
+  \citeleft\nopunct % suppress first \citepunct
+  \begingroup
+  \def\citeleft{\@addpunct{\citepunct}}\let\citeright\ignorespaces
+  \ifx\cite@sorted\relax #3\relax
+  \else
+    \@xp\ifx\csname cite@#2\endcsname\cite@sorted
+      \ifx\citeselect\citeselect@key
+        \cite@sorted@s #3\cite@sorted@e
+      \else \NonNumericCiteWarning#3\relax
+      \fi
+    \else #3\relax
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \endgroup
+  \citeright
+}
+\let\cite@das\@empty
+\def\cite@sorted@s{%
+  \begingroup \let\cite@print\cite@c
+    \let\cite@c\cite@compress
+    \begingroup \let\cite@c\cite@sorted \ignorespaces}
+\def\cite@sorted@e{%
+  \relax \@xp\endgroup\the\cite@toks \last@cite \endgroup
+}
+\newtoks\cite@toks
+\def\cite@sorted#1#2#3{%
+  \@tempcnta 0\cite@lookup{#2}\relax % highest number so far
+  \cite@toks{\cite@c#1{#2}{#3}}%
+  \edef\sort@cite@temp{\the\cite@toks}%
+  \let\cite@c\sort@cite@b
+  \ignorespaces
+}
+\def\sort@cite@b#1#2#3{%
+  \@tempcntb 0\cite@lookup{#2}\relax
+  \ifnum\@tempcntb>\@tempcnta
+    \cite@toks\@xp{\the\cite@toks \cite@c#1{#2}{#3}}%
+  \else
+    \let\cite@c\sort@cite@c \cite@toks\@emptytoks
+    \def\@tempb{\cite@toks\@xp{\the\cite@toks\cite@c#1{#2}{#3}}}%
+    \sort@cite@temp \@tempb \let\cite@c\sort@cite@b
+  \fi
+  \edef\sort@cite@temp{\the\cite@toks}%
+  \ignorespaces
+}
+\def\sort@cite@c#1#2#3{%
+  \ifnum\@tempcntb<0\cite@lookup{#2}%
+    \@tempb \let\@tempb\@empty
+  \fi
+  \cite@toks\@xp{\the\cite@toks \cite@c#1{#2}{#3}}%
+  \ignorespaces
+}
+\let\last@cite\@empty
+\def\cite@compress#1#2#3{%
+  \cite@print#1{#2}{#3}\@tempcnta 0\cite@lookup{#2}\relax
+  \let\cite@c\cite@compress@a
+}
+\def\cite@compress@a#1#2#3{%
+  \advance\@tempcnta\@ne \@tempcntb 0\cite@lookup{#2}\relax
+  \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb
+    \def\cite@dash{\textendash \nopunct \let\cite@dash\@empty}%
+    \def\last@cite{\cite@print#1{#2}{#3}}%
+    \let\cite@c\cite@compress@b
+  \else
+    \cite@print#1{#2}{#3}\@tempcnta\@tempcntb
+  \fi
+}
+\def\cite@compress@b#1#2#3{%
+  \advance\@tempcnta\@ne \@tempcntb 0\cite@lookup{#2}\relax
+  \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb
+    \cite@dash
+    \def\last@cite{\cite@print#1{#2}{#3}}%
+  \else
+    \last@cite \let\last@cite\@empty
+    \cite@print#1{#2}{#3}\@tempcnta\@tempcntb
+    \let\cite@c\cite@compress@a
+  \fi
+}
+\IfOption{unsorted-cites}{\let\cite@sorted\relax}{}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\ycite}[1]{%
+  \star@{\cite@a\citeselect@year{#1}}{}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\ycites}{\cites}% not done yet
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\ocite}[1]{%
+  \star@{\cite@a\citeselect@object{#1}}{}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\ocites}{\cites}% not done yet
+\IfOption{author-year}{%
+  \let\citeselect\citeselect@authoryear
+  \def\citeleft{(}\def\citeright{)}%
+  \def\@citeleft{\ifx\citeselect\citeselect@object\else\citeleft\fi}%
+  \let\@biblabel\@gobble
+}{%
+  \let\ycite\cite \let\ocite\cite
+  \let\ycites\cites \let\ocites\cites
+}
+\let\ISSN@list=\@empty
+\newcommand{\DefineJournal}[1]{\lowercase{\DefJrn@a{#1}}}
+\def\DefJrn@a#1#2#3#4{%
+  \def\@tempa##1<#1>##2##3\@nil{%
+    \ifx\@empty##3\@empty
+    \else
+      \PackageWarning{amsrefs}{Redefining journal '#1'->'#2'}%
+    \fi
+    \toks@{##1<#1>}\@temptokena{##3}%
+    \xdef\ISSN@list{%
+      \the\toks@\@xp\@nx\csname SN.#2\endcsname\the\@temptokena
+    }%
+  }%
+  \edef\@tempb{%
+    \@nx\@xp\@nx\@tempa\@nx\ISSN@list
+      <#1>\@xp\@nx\csname SN.#2\endcsname\@nx\@nil
+  }%
+  \@tempb
+  \global\@namedef{SN.#2}{\SerialISSNName{#1}{#3}{#4}}%
+  \if\amsrefs@verbose
+    \toks@{Journal #1 -> #2 / #3^^J = #4}\typeout{\the\toks@}%
+  \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\SerialName}[3]{#2}
+\let\SerialISSNName\SerialName
+\newcommand{\DefinePublisher}[1]{%
+  \lowercase{\uppercase{\expandafter\DefPub@a\csname PN}.#1}\endcsname{#1}%
+}
+\def\DefPub@a#1#2#3#4#5{%
+  \ifx\relax#1\else
+    \PackageWarning{amsrefs}{Redefining publisher '#2'}%
+  \fi
+  \gdef#1{\PublisherNameAddress{#3}{#4}{#5}}%
+  \if\amsrefs@verbose
+    \toks@{Publisher #2 -> #3 / #5^^J = #4}\typeout{\the\toks@}%
+  \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\PublisherNameAddress}[3]{%
+  #1\IfEmptyBibField{place}{\SwapBreak{,} #3}{}%
+}
+\IfOption{jpa}{\RequirePackage{amsjpa}[2000/02/02]}{}
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `amsrefs.sty'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsrefs.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsrefs.sty
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8fcd754b2e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsrefs.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,2996 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `amsrefs.sty',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% amsrefs.dtx  (with options: `pkg')
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @LaTeX-doc-source-file{
+%%%   filename  = "amsrefs.dtx",
+%%%   version   = "2.0",
+%%%   date      = "2004/06/30",
+%%%   time      = "11:24:39 EDT",
+%%%   author    = "Michael J Downes and David M. Jones",
+%%%   address   = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                Publications Technical Group,
+%%%                PO Box 6248,
+%%%                Providence, RI 02940,
+%%%                USA",
+%%%   email     = "tech-support@ams.org",
+%%%   URL       = "http://www.ams.org/",
+%%%   abstract  = "A LaTeX package that permits bibliography style
+%%%                to be controlled completely from the LaTeX side
+%%%                instead of being determined chiefly by the BibTeX
+%%%                style file.",
+%%%   checksum  = "09127 8030 25325 242081",
+%%%   docstring = "The checksum field, produced by Robert Solovay's
+%%%                checksum utility, gives CRC-16 checksum, lines,
+%%%                words, and characters.",
+%%%  }
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\def\amsrefs@warning@nl{\PackageWarningNoLine{amsrefs}}
+\@ifpackagewith{amsrefs}{beta}{%
+    \amsrefs@warning@nl{The beta option is deprecated^^J%
+    and will be removed in a future release of amsrefs}
+    \expandafter\edef\csname opt@amsrbeta.sty\endcsname
+        {\@ptionlist{amsrefs.sty}}%
+    \def\@currname{amsrbeta}%
+    \expandafter\let\csname amsrbeta.sty-h@@k\endcsname\@empty
+    \def\@tempa{\input{amsrbeta.sty}\endinput}%
+}{%
+    \let\@tempa\@empty
+}
+\@tempa
+\IfFileExists{url.sty}{%
+    \RequirePackage{url}\relax
+    \@gobble
+}{%
+    \@firstofone
+}
+{
+    \DeclareRobustCommand{\url}[1]{%
+        \def\@tempa{#1}%
+        \texttt{\@urlsetup $\expandafter\strip@prefix\meaning\@tempa$}%
+    }%
+    \def\@urlsetup{%
+        \check@mathfonts \textfont\@ne\the\font \textfont\z@\the\font
+        \@apply\@urlfix{\do\+\do\=\do\:\do\-\do\.\do\,\do\;}%
+        \@apply\@urlbreak{\do\&\do\/\do\?}%
+    }%
+    \def\@urlbreak#1{%
+        \mathcode`#1="8000
+        \begingroup \lccode`\~=`#1 \lowercase{\endgroup \edef~}%
+        {\mathchar\number`#1\penalty\hyphenpenalty}%
+    }%
+    \def\@urlfix#1{%
+        \mathcode`#1=`#1\relax
+    }%
+}
+\@ifundefined{NormalCatcodes}{\RequirePackage{pcatcode}\relax}{}
+\PushCatcodes\NormalCatcodes
+\ProvidesPackage{amsrefs}[2004/06/07 v1.71]
+%% WARNING WARNING WARNING: Catcode of apostrophe ' is letter
+%% throughout this file.
+\catcode`\'=11 % letter
+\def\after@deleting@token#1{%
+    \afterassignment#1%
+    \let\@let@token= % Don't delete this space!
+}
+\long\def\@ifempty#1{\@xifempty#1@@..\@nil}
+
+\long\def\@xifempty#1#2@#3#4#5\@nil{%
+    \ifx#3#4\@xp\@firstoftwo\else\@xp\@secondoftwo\fi
+}
+
+\long\def\@ifnotempty#1{\@ifempty{#1}{}}
+\def\macrotext{\expandafter\strip@prefix\meaning}
+\def\vdef#1#2{%
+    \def#1{#2}%
+    \edef#1{\macrotext#1}%
+}
+\def\auto@protect#1{\def#1{\@nx#1}}
+\def\g@undef#1{\global\let#1\relax}
+\def\@concat#1#2{\edef#1{#1#2}}
+\def\add@toks@{\addto@hook\toks@}
+\def\@lappend#1#2{%
+    \begingroup
+        \def\do{\@nx\do\@nx}%
+        \edef\@tempa{\def\@nx#1{#1\do#2}}%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\@apply#1#2{%
+    \let\do#1%
+    #2%
+}
+\def\get@numberof#1#2#3{%
+    \begingroup
+        \def#2{\advance\@tempcnta\@ne \@gobble}%
+        \@tempcnta\z@
+        #3\relax
+        \edef\@tempb{#1=\the\@tempcnta\relax}%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempb
+}
+\def\safe@set#1#2{%
+    \afterassignment\@nilgobble
+    #1=0#2\relax\@nil
+}
+\def\@chomp#1#2{%
+    \begingroup
+        \toks@\@emptytoks
+        \def\@chomper##1##2#2\@empty##3\@nil{%
+            \ifx\@let@token\bgroup
+                \toks@{{##1}##2}%
+            \else
+                \toks@{##1##2}%
+            \fi
+        }%
+        \@xp\chomp@ #1\@empty#2\@empty\@nil
+        \edef\@tempa{\def\@nx#1\@xp{\the\toks@}}%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\chomp@{%
+    \futurelet\@let@token
+    \@chomper
+}
+\def\amsrefs@warning{\PackageWarning{amsrefs}}
+\def\amsrefs@error{\PackageError{amsrefs}}
+\def\MessageBreakNS{\MessageBreak\romannumeral`\^^@}
+\@ifundefined{@addpunct}{%
+    \def\@addpunct#1{%
+        \relax\ifhmode
+            \ifnum\spacefactor>\@m \else#1\fi
+        \fi
+    }
+    \def\frenchspacing{%
+        \sfcode`\.1006
+        \sfcode`\?1005
+        \sfcode`\!1004
+        \sfcode`\:1003
+        \sfcode`\;1002
+        \sfcode`\,1001\relax
+    }
+}{}
+\providecommand{\nopunct}{\spacefactor \@nopunctsfcode}
+\def\@nopunctsfcode{1007 }
+\RequirePackage{ifoption}[2000/02/15]
+\DeclareExclusiveOptions{sorted,citation-order}
+\DeclareExclusiveOptions{alphabetic,shortalphabetic,author-year,numeric}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{y2k}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{nobysame}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{short-journals}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{short-publishers}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{short-months}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{initials}
+\DeclareOption{abbrev}{%
+    \@pass@ptions
+        \@currext
+        {initials,short-months,short-journals,short-publishers}%
+        \@currname
+}
+\DeclareExclusiveOptions{traditional-quotes,logical-quotes}
+\DeclareExclusiveOptions{sorted-cites,non-sorted-cites}
+\DeclareExclusiveOptions{non-compressed-cites,compressed-cites}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{backrefs}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{?}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{lite}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{beta}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{jpa}
+\DeclareBooleanOption{bibtex-style}
+\ExecuteOptions{numeric,traditional-quotes,sorted-cites,compressed-cites}
+
+\ProcessOptions\relax
+
+\ProcessExclusiveOptions
+\IfOption{backrefs}{%
+    \IfFileExists{hyperref.sty}{%
+        \RequirePackage{hyperref}[1999/07/08]
+    }{}%
+    \IfFileExists{backref.sty}{%
+        \RequirePackage{backref}[1999/05/30]
+    }{}%
+}{}
+\IfOption{?}{%
+    \typeout{^^J%
+        Documentation for the amsrefs package is found in amsrdoc.dvi^^J%
+        (or .pdf or .tex).
+        ^^J%
+    }%
+}{}%
+\RequirePackage{rkeyval}[2001/12/22]
+\IfOption{lite}{% True? Then don't load the next two packages.
+}{%              False? OK, let's load them:
+    \RequirePackage{textcmds}[2001/12/14]
+    \RequirePackage{mathscinet}[2002/01/01]
+}
+\newcommand{\BibField}[1]{\csname bib'#1\endcsname}
+\newcommand{\IfEmptyBibField}{\rkvIfEmpty{bib}}
+\let\fld@elt=?
+\let\name=?
+\DefineAdditiveKey{bib}{author}{\name}
+\DefineAdditiveKey{bib}{editor}{\name}
+\DefineAdditiveKey{bib}{translator}{\name}
+\DefineAdditiveKey{bib}{contribution}{\fld@elt}
+\DefineAdditiveKey{bib}{isbn}{\fld@elt}
+\DefineAdditiveKey{bib}{issn}{\fld@elt}
+\DefineAdditiveKey{bib}{review}{\fld@elt}
+\DefineAdditiveKey{bib}{partial}{\fld@elt}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{address}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{book}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{booktitle}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{conference}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{copula}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{date}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{doi}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{edition}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{eprint}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{fulljournal}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{hyphenation}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{institution}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{journal}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{label}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{language}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{name}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{note}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{number}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{organization}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{pages}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{part}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{place}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{publisher}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{reprint}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{school}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{series}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{setup}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{status}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{subtitle}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{title}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{translation}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{type}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{url}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{volume}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{xref}
+\DefineSimpleKey{bib}{year}
+\DefineDummyKey{bib}{transition}
+\DefineSimpleKey{prop}{inverted}
+\DefineSimpleKey{prop}{language}
+\newcommand{\BibSpec}[2]{%
+    \toks@\@emptytoks
+    \@ifnotempty{#2}{%
+        \@ifnextchar{+}{\@xp\bibspec@scan\@gobble}{\bibspec@scan}%
+        #2\@empty\@empty\@empty\@empty
+    }%
+    \@xp\edef\csname setbib@#1\endcsname{\the\toks@}%
+}
+\def\bibspec@scan#1#2#3#4{%
+    \add@toks@{\bib@append{#1}{#2}}%
+    \edef\@tempa{%
+        \toks@{\the\toks@ \@xp\@nx\csname bib'#3\endcsname}%
+    }%
+    \@tempa
+    \ifx\@empty#4%
+        \@xp\@gobble % end the recursion
+    \else
+        \ifx +#4\else\bibspec@scan@error\fi
+    \fi
+    \bibspec@scan
+}
+\def\bibspec@scan@error{\amsrefs@error{Bad BibSpec: Expected '+'}}
+\def\bib@append#1#2#3{%
+    \ifx\@empty#3%
+    \else
+        \ifx\relax#3%
+            \errmessage{#3=\relax}%
+        \else
+            \begingroup
+                \series@index\m@ne
+                \def\current@bibfield{#3}%
+                \@ifempty{#1}{%
+                    \@temptokena{\ifnum\lastkern=\@ne\ignorespaces\fi #2}%
+                }{%
+                    \@temptokena{\SwapBreak{#1}#2}%
+                }%
+                \toks@\@xp{#3}%
+                \edef\@tempa{\the\@temptokena{\the\toks@}}%
+                \rkvIfAdditive#3{}{%
+                    \get@current@properties
+                    \select@auxlanguage
+                }%
+                \@tempa
+            \endgroup
+        \fi
+    \fi
+}
+\def\select@auxlanguage{%
+    \ifx\prop'language\@empty
+    \else
+        \@xp\selectlanguage\@xp{\prop'language}%
+    \fi
+}
+\def\erase@field#1{%
+    \aftergroup\let\aftergroup#1\aftergroup\@empty
+}
+\def\get@current@properties{%
+    \begingroup
+        \@xp\get@nth@property\@xp\@tempa\current@bibfield\series@index
+        \edef\@tempa{%
+            \@nx\RestrictedSetKeys{}{prop}{%
+                \def\@nx\@tempa{\@nx\prop@reset \@nx\the\@nx\rsk@toks}%
+            }{\@tempa}%
+        }%
+        \@tempa
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\newcommand{\BibSpecAlias}[2]{%
+    \@xp\def\@xp\@tempa\@xp{\csname setbib@#1\@xp\endcsname}%
+    \@xp\ifx\csname setbib@#2\endcsname\@tempa
+        \amsrefs@error{%
+            Mirror alias #1->#2 not allowed (infinite loop)}\@ehc
+    \else
+        \@xp\def\csname setbib@#1\@xp\endcsname
+            \@xp{\csname setbib@#2\endcsname}%
+    \fi
+}
+\BibSpec{article}{%
+    +{}  {\PrintAuthors}                {author}
+    +{,} { \textit}                     {title}
+    +{.} { }                            {part}
+    +{:} { \textit}                     {subtitle}
+    +{,} { \PrintContributions}         {contribution}
+    +{.} { \PrintPartials}              {partial}
+    +{,} { }                            {journal}
+    +{}  { \textbf}                     {volume}
+    +{}  { \PrintDatePV}                {date}
+    +{,} { \issuetext}                  {number}
+    +{,} { \eprintpages}                {pages}
+    +{,} { }                            {status}
+    +{,} { \PrintDOI}                   {doi}
+    +{,} { available at \eprint}        {eprint}
+    +{}  { \parenthesize}               {language}
+    +{}  { \PrintTranslation}           {translation}
+    +{;} { \PrintReprint}               {reprint}
+    +{.} { }                            {note}
+    +{.} {}                             {transition}
+    +{}  {\SentenceSpace \PrintReviews} {review}
+}
+
+\BibSpec{partial}{%
+    +{}  {}                             {part}
+    +{:} { \textit}                     {subtitle}
+    +{,} { \PrintContributions}         {contribution}
+    +{,} { }                            {journal}
+    +{}  { \textbf}                     {volume}
+    +{}  { \PrintDatePV}                {date}
+    +{,} { \issuetext}                  {number}
+    +{,} { \eprintpages}                {pages}
+}
+
+\BibSpec{contribution}{%
+    +{} {}                             {type}
+    +{} { by \PrintNameList}           {author}
+}
+
+\BibSpec{book}{%
+    +{}  {\PrintPrimary}                {transition}
+    +{,} { \textit}                     {title}
+    +{.} { }                            {part}
+    +{:} { \textit}                     {subtitle}
+    +{,} { \PrintEdition}               {edition}
+    +{}  { \PrintEditorsB}              {editor}
+    +{,} { \PrintTranslatorsC}          {translator}
+    +{,} { \PrintContributions}         {contribution}
+    +{,} { }                            {series}
+    +{,} { \voltext}                    {volume}
+    +{,} { }                            {publisher}
+    +{,} { }                            {organization}
+    +{,} { }                            {address}
+    +{,} { \PrintDateB}                 {date}
+    +{,} { }                            {status}
+    +{}  { \parenthesize}               {language}
+    +{}  { \PrintTranslation}           {translation}
+    +{;} { \PrintReprint}               {reprint}
+    +{.} { }                            {note}
+    +{.} {}                             {transition}
+    +{}  {\SentenceSpace \PrintReviews} {review}
+}
+
+\BibSpec{collection.article}{%
+    +{}  {\PrintAuthors}                {author}
+    +{,} { \textit}                     {title}
+    +{.} { }                            {part}
+    +{:} { \textit}                     {subtitle}
+    +{,} { \PrintContributions}         {contribution}
+    +{,} { \PrintConference}            {conference}
+    +{}  {\PrintBook}                   {book}
+    +{,} { }                            {booktitle}
+    +{,} { \PrintDateB}                 {date}
+    +{,} { pp.~}                        {pages}
+    +{,} { }                            {status}
+    +{,} { \PrintDOI}                   {doi}
+    +{,} { available at \eprint}        {eprint}
+    +{}  { \parenthesize}               {language}
+    +{}  { \PrintTranslation}           {translation}
+    +{;} { \PrintReprint}               {reprint}
+    +{.} { }                            {note}
+    +{.} {}                             {transition}
+    +{}  {\SentenceSpace \PrintReviews} {review}
+}
+
+\BibSpec{conference}{%
+    +{}  {}                        {title}
+    +{}  {\PrintConferenceDetails} {transition}
+}
+
+\BibSpec{innerbook}{%
+    +{,} { }                            {title}
+    +{.} { }                            {part}
+    +{:} { }                            {subtitle}
+    +{,} { \PrintEdition}               {edition}
+    +{}  { \PrintEditorsB}              {editor}
+    +{,} { \PrintTranslatorsC}          {translator}
+    +{,} { \PrintContributions}         {contribution}
+    +{,} { }                            {series}
+    +{,} { \voltext}                    {volume}
+    +{,} { }                            {publisher}
+    +{,} { }                            {organization}
+    +{,} { }                            {address}
+    +{,} { \PrintDateB}                 {date}
+    +{.} { }                            {note}
+}
+
+\BibSpec{report}{%
+    +{}  {\PrintPrimary}                {transition}
+    +{,} { \textit}                     {title}
+    +{.} { }                            {part}
+    +{:} { \textit}                     {subtitle}
+    +{,} { \PrintEdition}               {edition}
+    +{,} { \PrintContributions}         {contribution}
+    +{,} { Technical Report }           {number}
+    +{,} { }                            {series}
+    +{,} { }                            {organization}
+    +{,} { }                            {address}
+    +{,} { \PrintDateB}                 {date}
+    +{,} { \eprint}                     {eprint}
+    +{,} { }                            {status}
+    +{}  { \parenthesize}               {language}
+    +{}  { \PrintTranslation}           {translation}
+    +{;} { \PrintReprint}               {reprint}
+    +{.} { }                            {note}
+    +{.} {}                             {transition}
+    +{}  {\SentenceSpace \PrintReviews} {review}
+}
+
+\BibSpec{thesis}{%
+    +{}  {\PrintAuthors}                {author}
+    +{,} { \textit}                     {title}
+    +{:} { \textit}                     {subtitle}
+    +{,} { \PrintThesisType}            {type}
+    +{,} { }                            {organization}
+    +{,} { }                            {address}
+    +{,} { \PrintDateB}                 {date}
+    +{,} { \eprint}                     {eprint}
+    +{,} { }                            {status}
+    +{}  { \parenthesize}               {language}
+    +{}  { \PrintTranslation}           {translation}
+    +{;} { \PrintReprint}               {reprint}
+    +{.} { }                            {note}
+    +{.} {}                             {transition}
+    +{}  {\SentenceSpace \PrintReviews} {review}
+}
+\BibSpecAlias{periodical}{book}
+\BibSpecAlias{collection}{book}
+\BibSpecAlias{proceedings}{book}
+\BibSpecAlias{manual}{book}
+\BibSpecAlias{miscellaneous}{book}
+\BibSpecAlias{misc}{miscellaneous}
+\BibSpecAlias{unpublished}{book}
+\BibSpecAlias{proceedings.article}{collection.article}
+\BibSpecAlias{techreport}{report}
+\edef\setbib@incollection{%
+    \@xp\@nx\csname setbib@collection.article\endcsname
+}
+\edef\setbib@inproceedings{%
+    \@xp\@nx\csname setbib@collection.article\endcsname
+}
+\BibSpec{name}{%
+    +{}  {\PrintAuthors}    {name}
+}
+
+\BibSpec{publisher}{%
+    +{,} { } {publisher}
+    +{,} { } {address}
+}
+\newcounter{bib}
+\newenvironment{biblist}{%
+    \setcounter{bib}\z@
+    \@biblist
+}{%
+    \@endbiblist
+}
+\newenvironment{biblist*}{%
+    \@biblist
+}{%
+    \@endbiblist
+}
+\newcommand\@biblist[1][]{%
+    \stepcounter{bib@env}
+    \normalfont
+    \footnotesize
+    \labelsep .5em\relax
+    \list{\BibLabel}{%
+        \restore@labelwidth
+        \@maxlabelwidth\z@
+        \@nmbrlisttrue
+        \def\@listctr{bib}%
+        \let\makelabel\bib@mklab
+        #1\relax
+    }%
+    \sloppy
+    \interlinepenalty\@m
+    \clubpenalty\@M
+    \widowpenalty\clubpenalty
+    \frenchspacing
+    \ResetCapSFCodes
+}
+\def\@endbiblist{%
+    \save@labelwidth
+    \def\@noitemerr{\@latex@warning{Empty bibliography list}}%
+    \endlist
+}
+\newdimen\@maxlabelwidth
+\def\bib@mklab#1{%
+    \settowidth\@tempdima{#1}%
+    \ifdim \@tempdima > \@maxlabelwidth
+        \global\@maxlabelwidth\@tempdima
+    \fi
+    #1\hfil
+}
+\newcounter{bib@env}
+\def\save@labelwidth{%
+    \if@filesw
+        \immediate\write\@auxout{%
+            \string\newlabel{[bibenv:\the\c@bib@env]}{\the\@maxlabelwidth}%
+        }%
+    \fi
+}
+\def\restore@labelwidth{%
+    \@xp\ifx \csname r@[bibenv:\the\c@bib@env]\endcsname \relax
+        \resetbiblist{00}%
+    \else
+        \@xp\labelwidth\csname r@[bibenv:\the\c@bib@env]\endcsname
+        \leftmargin\labelwidth
+        \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+    \fi
+}
+\providecommand{\ResetCapSFCodes}{%
+    \count@=`\A
+    \def\@tempa{%
+        \sfcode\count@=\@m
+        \advance\count@\@ne
+            \ifnum\count@>`\Z\relax \expandafter\@gobble \fi
+        \@tempa
+    }%
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\CurrentBib{??}
+\newcommand{\BibLabel}{%
+    [\hyper@anchorstart{cite.\CurrentBib}\relax\thebib\hyper@anchorend]%
+}
+\newcommand{\resetbiblist}[1]{%
+    \settowidth\labelwidth{\def\thebib{#1}\BibLabel}%
+    \leftmargin\labelwidth
+    \ifdim\labelwidth=\z@
+        \leftmargin=1em
+        \itemindent=-\leftmargin
+    \else
+        \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+    \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\bib}{%
+    \begingroup
+        \@ifstar{%
+            \@tempswatrue
+            \let\@bibdef\star@bibdef
+            \BibItem
+        }{%
+            \@tempswafalse
+            \BibItem
+        }%
+}
+\newcommand{\BibItem}[2]{%
+    \def\@tempa{#1}%
+    \edef\@tempb{%
+        \@nx\@bibdef\@xp\@nx\csname setbib@#2\endcsname{#2}%
+            {\macrotext\@tempa}%
+    }%
+    \@tempb
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\let\@bibdef\normal@bibdef}
+\AtBeginDocument{\let\bib@exec\bib@print}
+\def\normal@bibdef#1#2#3{%
+    \def\CurrentBibType{#2}%
+    \ifx\relax#1%
+        \amsrefs@error{Undefined entry type: #2}\@ehc
+        \let#1\setbib@misc
+    \fi
+    \RestrictedSetKeys{}{bib}%
+        {\bib@exec{#3}{\the\rsk@toks}{#1}\endgroup}%
+}
+
+\let\@bibdef\normal@bibdef
+\def\star@bibdef{%
+    \let\bib@exec\bib@store
+    \normal@bibdef
+}
+\def\copy@bibdef{%
+    \if@tempswa
+        \@xp\defer@bibdef
+    \else
+        \@xp\copy@bibdef@a
+    \fi
+}
+\def\copy@bibdef@a#1#2#3#4{%
+    \@open@bbl@file
+    \process@xrefs{#4}%
+    \bbl@write{%
+        \string\bib\if@tempswa*\fi{#3}{#2}\string{\iffalse}\fi
+    }%
+    \RestrictedSetKeys{\global\let\rsk@set\bbl@copy}\@empty
+        {\bbl@write{\iffalse{\fi\string}^^J}%
+         \endgroup}{#4}%
+}
+\catcode`\:=11
+
+\def\modify@xref@fields{%
+    \let\set:bib'author\output@xref@a
+    \let\set:bib'editor\output@xref@a
+    \let\set:bib'translator\output@xref@a
+    \let\set:bib'journal\output@xref@a
+    \let\set:bib'publisher\output@xref@a
+    \def\set:bib'xref##1##2{\output@xref@{##1}\@empty}%
+}
+
+\catcode`\:=12
+
+\def\process@xrefs#1{%
+    \begingroup
+        \RestrictedSetKeys{\modify@xref@fields}{bib}{\the\rsk@toks}{#1}%
+    \endgroup
+}
+
+\def\output@xref@a#1#2{%
+    \def\@tempa{#1}%
+    \lowercase{\def\@tempb{#1}}%
+    \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+        \output@xref@{#1}%
+    \fi
+}
+
+\def\output@xref@#1{%
+    \@ifnotempty{#1}{%
+        \@ifundefined{bi@#1}{}{%
+            \begingroup
+                \let\star@bibdef\copy@bibdef@a
+                \csname bi@#1\endcsname
+            \endgroup
+        }%
+        \@xp\g@undef\csname bi@#1\endcsname
+    }%
+}
+\def\bbl@copy#1\endcsname#2{%
+    \begingroup
+        \def\@tempa{#1}%
+        \toks@{{#2}}%
+        \star@{\bbl@copy@a}{}%
+}
+\def\bbl@copy@a#1{%
+        \@ifnotempty{#1}{%
+            \add@toks@{*{#1}}%
+        }%
+        \bbl@write{ \space\@tempa=\the\toks@,}%
+    \endgroup
+    \rsk@resume
+}
+\def\selective@bibdef#1#2#3{%
+    \@xp\selbibdef@a\csname b@#3\endcsname{#1}{#2}{#3}%
+}
+\def\selbibdef@a#1{%
+    \def\@tempa{\endgroup\@gobblefour}%
+    \ifx\relax#1\else \@xp\selbibdef@b#1\@nil \fi
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\selbibdef@b#1#2#3\@nil{%
+    \ifx 1#2\let\@tempa\copy@bibdef\fi
+}
+\def\defer@bibdef#1#2#3#4{%
+        \@xp\gdef\csname bi@#3\endcsname{%
+            \bib*{#3}{#2}{#4}%
+        }%
+        \@xp\addto@defer@list \csname bi@#3\endcsname
+    \endgroup
+}
+\let\bibdefer@list\@empty
+\def\addto@defer@list#1{%
+    \begingroup
+        \def\do{\@nx\do\@nx}%
+        \xdef\bibdefer@list{\bibdefer@list\do#1}%
+    \endgroup
+}
+\def\bib@store#1{%
+    \afterassignment\@gobble
+    \@xp\xdef\csname bi@#1\endcsname
+}
+\def\numeric@refs{00}
+\def\bib@print#1#2#3{%
+    \bib@start{#1}%
+        \let\setbib@@#3%
+        #2\relax       % execute definitions locally
+        \bib@resolve@xrefs
+        \bib@field@patches
+        \bib@selectlanguage
+        \generate@label
+        \bib'setup
+        \bib@cite{#1}%
+        \kern\@ne sp
+        \ifx\setbib@@\setbib@article
+            \ifx\bib'booktitle\@empty
+                \ifx\bib'book\@empty
+                    \ifx\bib'conference\@empty
+                    \else
+                        \let\setbib@@\setbib@incollection
+                    \fi
+                \else
+                    \let\setbib@@\setbib@incollection
+                \fi
+            \else
+                \let\setbib@@\setbib@incollection
+            \fi
+        \fi
+        \setbib@@
+    \bib@end
+}
+\def\bib@print@inner#1#2{%
+    \begingroup
+        #2\relax       % execute definitions locally
+        \bib@field@patches
+        \bib'setup
+        #1%
+    \endgroup
+}
+\let\current@citekey\@empty
+\let\prev@citekey\@empty
+\def\bib@start#1{%
+    \begingroup
+        \def\current@citekey{#1}%
+}
+\def\bib@end{%
+        \relax
+        \@xp\PrintBackRefs\@xp{\CurrentBib}%
+        \par
+        \save@primary
+        \global\let\prev@citekey\current@citekey
+    \endgroup
+}
+\def\bib@resolve@xrefs{%
+    \xref@check@c\bib'xref
+    \xref@check@a\bib'author
+    \xref@check@a\bib'editor
+    \xref@check@a\bib'translator
+    \xref@check@b\bib'journal
+    \xref@check@b\bib'publisher
+}
+\def\xref@check@a#1{%
+    \ifx\@empty#1\relax
+    \else
+        \begingroup
+            \toks@\@emptytoks
+            \@temptokenb\@emptytoks
+            \series@index\z@
+            \def\name{\xref@check@aa#1}%
+            #1\relax
+            \edef\@tempa{%
+                \def\@nx#1{\the\toks@}%
+                \the\@temptokenb
+            }%
+        \@xp\endgroup
+        \@tempa
+    \fi
+}
+\def\xref@check@aa#1#2{%
+    \advance\series@index\@ne
+    \def\@tempa{#2}%
+    \lowercase{\def\@tempb{#2}}%
+    \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+        \ifx\@tempa\@empty
+            \add@toks@{\name{}}%
+        \else
+            \@ifundefined{bi@#2}{%
+                \BibAbbrevWarning{#2}%
+                \add@toks@{\name{#2}}%
+            }{%
+                \xref@check@ab#1{#2}%
+            }%
+        \fi
+    \else
+        \add@toks@{\name{#2}}%
+    \fi
+}
+\def\xref@check@ab#1#2{%
+    \csname bi@#2\endcsname
+    \ifx\@empty\bib'name
+        \@temptokena{#2}%
+    \else
+        \@temptokena\@xp{\bib'name}%
+        \get@property\@tempa\bib'name
+        \edef\@tempa{%
+            \@nx\addto@hook\@temptokenb{%
+                \@nx\reset@nth@property\@nx#1\the\series@index{\@tempa}%
+            }%
+        }%
+        \@tempa
+    \fi
+    \edef\@tempa{\@nx\add@toks@{\@nx\name{\the\@temptokena}}}%
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\xref@check@b#1{%
+    \ifx\@empty#1%
+    \else
+        \toks@\@xp{#1}%
+        \edef\@tempb{\lowercase{\def\@nx\@tempa{\the\toks@}}}%
+        \@tempb
+        \ifx\@tempa#1\relax % all lowercase
+            \@ifundefined{bi@#1}{%
+                \BibAbbrevWarning{#1}%
+            }{%
+                \let#1\@empty
+                \xref@check@c\@tempa
+            }%
+        \fi
+    \fi
+}
+\def\xref@check@c#1{%
+    \ifx#1\@empty
+    \else
+        \begingroup
+            \let\DSK@def\xref@add@toks
+            \let\DSK@append\xref@append
+            \toks@\@emptytoks
+            \let\bib@reset\@empty
+            \@for\xref@ID:=#1\do{%
+                \@ifundefined{bi@\xref@ID}{%
+                    \XRefWarning{\xref@ID}%
+                }{%
+                    \csname bi@\xref@ID\endcsname
+                }%
+            }%
+            \edef\@tempa{\endgroup\the\toks@}%
+        \@tempa
+    \fi
+}
+\def\xref@add@toks#1#2#3{%
+    \ifx#1\@empty
+        \edef\@tempa{%
+            \@nx\add@toks@{\@xp\@nx\csname\rkv@setter#1\endcsname{#2}{#3}}%
+        }%
+        \@tempa
+    \else
+        \in@\bib'title{#1}%
+        \ifin@
+            \ifx\bib'booktitle\@empty
+                \edef\@tempa{%
+                    \@nx\add@toks@{%
+                        \@xp\@nx\csname set:bib'booktitle\endcsname
+                    }%
+                }%
+                \@tempa
+                \add@toks@{{#2}{#3}}%
+            \fi
+        \fi
+    \fi
+}
+\def\xref@append#1#2#3#4{%
+    \edef\@tempa{%
+        \@nx\add@toks@{\@xp\@nx\csname\rkv@setter#2\endcsname{#3}{#4}}%
+    }%
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\BibAbbrevWarning#1{\amsrefs@warning{Abbreviation '#1' undefined}}
+\def\XRefWarning#1{\amsrefs@warning{Xref '#1' undefined}}
+\let\current@primary\@empty
+\let\previous@primary\@empty
+\IfOption{nobysame}{%
+    \let\save@primary\@empty
+}{%
+    \def\save@primary{%
+        \global\let\previous@primary\current@primary
+    }%
+}
+\def\bib@field@patches{%
+    \ifx\bib'author\@empty
+        \ifx\bib'editor\@empty
+            \let\current@primary\bib'translator
+            \let\print@primary\PrintTranslatorsA
+        \else
+            \let\current@primary\bib'editor
+            \let\print@primary\PrintEditorsA
+        \fi
+    \else
+        \let\current@primary\bib'author
+        \let\print@primary\PrintAuthors
+    \fi
+    \ifx\bib'address\@empty
+        \let\bib'address\bib'place
+    \fi
+    \ifx\bib'organization\@empty
+        \ifx\bib'institution\@empty
+            \let\bib'organization\bib'school
+        \else
+            \let\bib'organization\bib'institution
+        \fi
+    \fi
+    \ifx\bib'date\@empty
+        \ifx\bib'year\@empty
+            \let\bib@year\bib'status
+        \else
+            \bib@parsedate\bib'year
+        \fi
+    \else
+        \bib@parsedate\bib'date
+    \fi
+    \def\@tempa{year}%
+    \ifx\bib'volume\@tempa
+        \let\bib'volume\bib@year
+        \let\bib'date\@empty
+    \fi
+    \bib@language@fixup
+}
+\let\bib@year\@empty
+\let\bib@month\@empty
+\let\bib@day\@empty
+\def\bib@parsedate#1{%
+    \@xp\bib@parsedate@a#1---\@nil
+}
+\def\bib@parsedate@a#1-#2-#3-#4\@nil{%
+    \def\bib@year{#1}%
+    \def\bib@month{#2}%
+    \def\bib@day{#3}%
+    \ifx\@empty\bib@day
+        \ifx\@empty\bib@month
+            \let\bib'date\bib@year
+        \else
+            \def\bib'date{#1-#2}%
+        \fi
+    \else
+        \def\bib'date{#1-#2-#3}%
+    \fi
+}
+\def\bib@language@fixup{%
+    \ifx\bib'hyphenation\@empty
+        \ifx\bib'language\@empty
+            \let\bib@language\biblanguagedefault
+        \else
+            \let\bib@language\bib'language
+        \fi
+    \else
+        \let\bib@language\bib'hyphenation
+    \fi
+    \def\@tempa##1 ##2\@nil{\lowercase{\def\bib@language{##1}}}%
+    \@firstofone{\@xp\@tempa\bib@language} \@nil
+}
+\def\bib@selectlanguage{%
+    \@ifsame@patterns{\languagename}{\bib@language}{}{%
+        \@ifundefined{date\bib@language}{}{%
+            \@xp\selectlanguage\@xp{\bib@language}%
+        }%
+    }%
+}
+\def\@ifsame@patterns#1#2{%
+    \@xp\@ifsamepat\csname l@#1\@xp\endcsname\csname l@#2\endcsname
+}
+\def\@ifsamepat#1#2{%
+    \ifnum \ifx\relax#1\m@ne\else#1\fi = \ifx\relax#2\m@ne\else#2\fi
+        \@xp\@firstoftwo
+    \else
+        \@xp\@secondoftwo
+    \fi
+}
+\providecommand{\languagename}{english}
+\def\biblanguageEnglish{english}
+\let\biblanguagedefault\biblanguageEnglish
+\let\bib@language\@empty
+\let\generate@label\relax
+\def\cite@label{\@currentlabel}
+\let\alpha@label\relax
+\def\bib@cite#1{%
+    \def\CurrentBib{#1}%
+    \alpha@label            % modify \thebib if necessary
+    \item\leavevmode
+    \SK@\SK@@label{#1}%
+    \@xp\bib@cite@a\csname b@#1\endcsname
+    \bibcite@write{#1}%
+}
+\def\bib@cite@a#1{%
+    \ifx\relax#1%
+        \begingroup
+            \auto@protect\etaltext
+            \protected@edef\@tempa{%
+                \gdef\@nx#1{%
+                    \@nx\citesel 01{\cite@label}{\bib@label@year}{}%
+                }%
+            }%
+        \@xp\endgroup
+        \@tempa
+    \else
+        \@xp\bib@cite@check\@xp#1#1\@empty\@empty\@empty\@empty\@empty
+    \fi
+}
+\def\bib@cite@check#1#2#3#4#5#6#7{%
+    \ifx 1#4\relax
+        \DuplicateBibKeyWarning
+    \else
+        \begingroup
+            \auto@protect\etaltext
+            \@apply\auto@protect\amsrefs@textsymbols
+            \@apply\auto@protect\amsrefs@textaccents
+            \@tempswafalse
+            \in@\CitePrintUndefined{#5}%
+            \ifin@
+                \let\@tempa\@empty
+            \else
+                \def\@tempa{#5}%
+            \fi
+            \ifx\@tempa\@empty
+            \else
+                \@xp\ifx\@xp\@currentlabel\cite@label
+                    \edef\@tempb{\cite@label}%
+                \else
+                    \let\@tempb\cite@label
+                \fi
+                \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+                    \def\@tempa{#6}%
+                    \ifx\@tempa\bib@label@year
+                    \else
+                        \@tempswatrue
+                    \fi
+                \else
+                    \@tempswatrue
+                \fi
+            \fi
+            \if@tempswa
+                \@ifempty{#6}{%
+                    \def\@tempa{#5}%
+                    \let\@tempb\cite@label
+                }{%
+                    \def\@tempa{#5, #6}%
+                    \def\@tempb{\cite@label, \bib@label@year}%
+                }%
+                \amsrefs@warning{Citation label for \extr@cite#1 is
+                    changing from `\@tempa ' to `\@tempb '}%
+            \fi
+            \protected@edef\@tempa{%
+                \gdef\@nx#1{%
+                    \@nx\citesel #31{\cite@label}{\bib@label@year}{#7}%
+                }%
+            }%
+        \@xp\endgroup
+        \@tempa
+    \fi
+}
+\let\bib@label@year\@empty
+\def\DuplicateBibKeyWarning{%
+    \amsrefs@warning{%
+        Duplicate \protect\bib\space key
+        `\CurrentBib ' detected\MessageBreakNS}%
+}
+\def\bibcite@write#1{%
+    \if@filesw
+        \let\citesel\citesel@write
+        \csname b@#1\endcsname
+    \fi
+}
+\def\citesel@write#1#2#3#4#5{%
+    \begingroup
+        \toks@{{#3}{#4}}%
+        \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{\CurrentBib}{\the\toks@}}%
+    \endgroup
+}
+\AtEndDocument{\let\bibcite\@gobbletwo}
+\providecommand{\bibname}{Bibliography}
+\providecommand{\refname}{References}
+\newenvironment{bibchapter}[1][\bibname]{%
+    \begingroup
+        \protected@edef\@{\endgroup\protect\chapter*{#1}}%
+        \@
+}{\par}
+\newenvironment{bibsection}[1][\refname]{%
+    \begingroup
+        \protected@edef\@{\endgroup\protect\section*{#1}}%
+        \@
+}{\par}
+\@ifundefined{chapter}{%
+    \newenvironment{bibdiv}{\bibsection}{\endbibsection}
+}{%
+    \newenvironment{bibdiv}{\bibchapter}{\endbibchapter}
+}
+\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]{%
+    \bibdiv
+    \biblist[\resetbiblist{#1}]%
+}{%
+    \endbiblist
+    \endbibdiv
+}
+\newcommand{\DefineName}[2]{%
+    \bib*{#1}{name}{name={#2}}%
+}
+\newcommand{\DefineJournal}[4]{%
+    \bib*{#1}{periodical}{
+        issn={#2},
+        journal={#4}
+    }%
+}
+\newcommand{\DefinePublisher}[4]{%
+    \bib*{#1}{publisher}{%
+        publisher={#3},
+        address={#4}
+    }%
+}
+\newcommand{\bibselect}{%
+    \@ifstar{%
+        \let\@bibdef\copy@bibdef
+        \BibSelect
+    }{%
+        \let\@bibdef\selective@bibdef
+        \BibSelect
+    }%
+}
+\newcommand{\BibSelect}[2][\bblname]{%
+    \if@filesw
+        \typeout{Trying to create bbl file `#1.bbl' ...}%
+        \def\bibselect@msg{%
+            \typeout{ ... rats. Unable to create bbl file.}%
+        }%
+        \let\@open@bbl@file\OpenBBLFile
+        \@for\@tempa:=#2\do{\ReadBibData{\@tempa}}%
+    \fi
+    \@close@bbl@file
+    \@apply\g@undef\bibdefer@list
+    \global\let\bibdefer@list\@empty
+    \let\@bibdef\normal@bibdef
+    \@input@{#1.bbl}%
+    \let\BibSelect\MultipleBibSelectWarning
+}
+\newcommand\MultipleBibSelectWarning[2][]{%
+    \amsrefs@warning{%
+        Multiple \string\bibselect 's found (only one
+        \string\bibselect\space per biblist environment is allowed)%
+    }%
+}
+\def\bblname{\jobname}
+\newread\bib@dbfile
+\newcommand{\ReadBibData}[1]{%
+    \IfFileExists{#1.ltb}{%
+        \openin\bib@dbfile=\@filef@und \relax
+    }{%
+        \IfFileExists{#1.ltx}{%
+            \openin\bib@dbfile=\@filef@und \relax
+        }{%
+            \IfFileExists{#1.tex}{%
+                \openin\bib@dbfile=\@filef@und \relax
+            }{%
+                \begingroup
+                    \NoBibDBFile{#1}%
+                    \let\ReadBibData@a\endgroup
+            }%
+        }%
+    }%
+    \ReadBibData@a
+}
+\def\NoBibDBFile#1{%
+    \amsrefs@warning{No data file #1.ltb (.ltx, .tex) found}%
+}
+\def\ReadBibData@a{%
+    \ProvidesFile{\@filef@und}\relax
+    \begingroup
+        \let\star@bibdef\defer@bibdef
+        \ReadBibLoop
+    \endgroup
+    \closein\bib@dbfile
+}
+\def\ReadBibLoop{%
+    \ifeof\bib@dbfile
+        \@xp\@gobble
+    \else
+        \read\bib@dbfile to\CurLine
+        \@xp\ReadBibLoop@a\CurLine\@empty\@nil
+    \fi
+    \ReadBibLoop
+}
+\long\def\ReadBibLoop@a#1#2\@nil{%
+    \ifx\bib#1%
+        \CurLine % just exec it
+    \else
+        \ifx\endinput#1%
+            \let\ReadBibLoop\@empty
+        \else
+            \@xp\ReadBibLoop@b#1#2\@empty\@nil
+        \fi
+    \fi
+}
+\long\def\ReadBibLoop@b#1#2\@nil{%
+    \ifx\bib#1%
+        \CurLine % just exec it
+    \fi
+}
+\let\bbl@out=\relax
+\let\bbl@write\@gobble
+\let\@open@bbl@file\relax
+\let\@close@bbl@file\relax
+\def\OpenBBLFile{%
+    \if@filesw
+        % Just use the next unused output stream
+        \count@\count17
+        \advance\count@\@ne
+        \ifnum\count@<\sixt@@n
+            \global\chardef\bbl@out=\count@
+            \immediate\openout\bbl@out=\bblname.bbl\relax
+            \global\let\@close@bbl@file\CloseBBLFile
+            \gdef\bbl@write{\immediate\write\bbl@out}%
+        \else
+            \ch@ck\count@\sixt@@n\write
+        \fi
+    \fi
+    \global\let\@open@bbl@file\relax
+}
+\def\CloseBBLFile{%
+    \immediate\closeout\bbl@out\relax
+    \global\let\@close@bbl@file\relax
+    \global\let\bbl@write\@gobble
+    \global\let\bbl@out\relax
+}
+\def\citesel@update#1#2#3#4#5#6{%
+    \gdef#6{\citesel 1#2{#3}{#4}{#5}}%
+}
+\def\citesel@number#1#2#3#4#5{#3}
+\def\citesel@year#1#2#3#4#5{#4}
+\let\citesel\citesel@number
+\expandafter\let\csname cite \endcsname\relax
+\renewcommand{\cite}[2][]{%
+    \if\cite@single#2,\@gobble \else\MultipleCiteKeyWarning{#2}{#1}\fi
+    \@ifempty{#1}{%
+        \cites@o{#2}%
+    }{%
+        \ObsoleteCiteOptionWarning
+        \cites@a{*{#1}}{#2}%
+    }%
+}
+\def\MultipleCiteKeyWarning#1#2{%
+    \amsrefs@warning{%
+        Use of \string\cites\space is recommended instead of %
+        \string\cite\space\MessageBreak
+        for multiple cites '#1'}%
+    \@ifnotempty{#2}{%
+        \amsrefs@warning{Star option requires \string\citelist\space here}%
+    }%
+    \global\let\MultipleCiteKeyWarning\@gobbletwo
+}
+\def\ObsoleteCiteOptionWarning{%
+    \amsrefs@warning{%
+        The form \string\cite{...}*{...} is recommended\MessageBreak
+        instead of \string\cite[...]{...}}%
+    \global\let\ObsoleteCiteOptionWarning\@empty
+}
+\edef\cite@single#1,#2{\iffalse{\fi\iffalse{\fi\string}#2.\string}}
+\def\cites@o#1{\star@{\cites@oo{#1}}{}}
+\def\cites@oo#1#2{\@ifempty{#2}{\cites@a{}{#1}}{\cites@a{*{#2}}{#1}}}
+\def\cites@a#1#2{%
+    \begingroup
+        \toks@{\endgroup \cites@b{#1}}%
+        \vdef\@tempa{#2}%
+        \edef\@tempa{%
+            \the\toks@ \@firstofone{\@xp\zap@space\@tempa} \@empty
+        }%
+        \@tempa,\@empty
+        \edef\@tempa{\endgroup\@nx\citelist{\the\toks@}}%
+        \@tempa
+}
+\def\cites@b#1#2,#3{%
+    \begingroup
+        \toks@{\InnerCite{#2}#1}%
+        \ifx\@empty#3\@xp\@gobble\fi
+        \cites@c#3%
+}
+\def\cites@c#1,#2{%
+    \add@toks@{\InnerCite{#1}}%
+    \ifx\@empty#2\@xp\@gobble\fi
+    \cites@c#2%
+}
+\def\citeleft{[}
+\def\citeright{]}
+\def\citemid{,\penalty9999 \space}
+\def\citepunct{,\penalty9999 \hskip.13em plus.1em minus.05em\relax}
+\def\citeAltPunct{;\ }
+\providecommand{\citeform}{\@firstofone}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\citelist}{\@citelist}
+\def\@citelist#1{%
+    \leavevmode
+    \begingroup
+        \@citestyle
+        \citeleft\nopunct   % suppress first \citepunct
+        \cite@begingroup
+            \in@*{#1}%
+            \ifin@
+                \let\citepunct\citeAltPunct
+            \fi
+            \let\cite@endgroup\@empty
+            \cites@init
+            \def\citeleft{\@addpunct{\citepunct}}%
+            \let\citeright\ignorespaces
+            \def\cite{\InnerCite}%
+            \process@citelist{#1}%
+        \endgroup
+        \citeright
+    \endgroup
+}
+\providecommand{\@citestyle}{\m@th\upshape\mdseries}
+\def\cite@begingroup{\begingroup\let\cite@begingroup\relax}
+\let\cite@endgroup\endgroup
+\def\cites@init{%
+    \gdef\prev@names{???}%
+    \let\cites@init\@empty
+}
+\newcommand{\InnerCite}[1]{\star@{\cite@a\citesel{#1}}{}}
+\def\cite@a#1#2{%
+    \BackCite{#2}%
+    \cite@begingroup
+        \cites@init
+        \let\citesel#1\relax
+        \ifx\citesel\citesel@author
+            \let\citeleft\@empty
+            \let\citeright\@empty
+        \fi
+        \begingroup
+            \toks@{\endgroup \cite@b}%
+            \vdef\@tempa{#2}%
+            \edef\@tempa{%
+                \the\toks@{\@firstofone{\@xp\zap@space\@tempa} \@empty}%
+            }%
+        \@tempa
+}
+\def\cite@b#1#2{%
+    \@xp\cite@bc\csname b@#1\@xp\endcsname {#1}{#2}%
+}
+\def\cite@bc#1#2{%
+    \ifx#1\@@undefined \global\let#1\relax \fi
+    \ifx#1\relax       \global\let#1\empty@cite \fi
+    \@xp\cite@nobib@test#1{}{}{}{}\@nil#1%
+    \cite@cj#1%
+}
+\def\empty@cite{\citesel 00{}{}{}}
+\def\cite@nobib@test#1#2#3#4#5\@nil#6{%
+    \@ifempty{#4}{%
+        \G@refundefinedtrue
+        \UndefinedCiteWarning#6%
+        \xdef#6{\@nx\citesel #2#3{%
+            \@nx\CitePrintUndefined{\extr@cite#6}}{}{}}%
+    }{}%
+}
+\def\UndefinedCiteWarning#1{%
+    \@latex@warning{%
+        Citation `\extr@cite#1' on page \thepage\space undefined}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\CitePrintUndefined}[1]{%
+    \begingroup\fontshape{n}\fontseries\mddefault \ttfamily ?#1\endgroup
+}
+\let\CPU@normal\CitePrintUndefined
+\def\cite@cj#1#2{%
+        \leavevmode
+            \begingroup
+                \cite@cb#1% write info to aux file
+                \ar@SK@cite#1%
+                \@citeleft
+                \ar@hyperlink{#1}%
+                \@ifnotempty{#2}{\citemid{#2}}%
+                \citeright
+            \endgroup
+            \ignorespaces % ignore spaces inside \citelist
+        \cite@endgroup
+}
+\def\@citeleft{\citeleft}
+\def\cite@cb#1{%
+    \if@filesw
+        \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{\extr@cite#1}}%
+    \fi
+    \begingroup
+        \let\citesel\citesel@update
+        #1#1%
+    \endgroup
+}
+\def\extr@cite{\@xp\@gobblethree\string}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\cites}{\cites@a{}}
+\providecommand{\citen}{\ocite}
+\def\ycite{\cite}
+\let\ycites\cites
+\let\ocite\ycite
+\let\ocites\cites
+\let\fullcite\cite
+\let\fullocite\ocite
+\let\citeauthor\ycite
+\let\citeauthory\ycite
+\renewcommand{\nocite}[1]{\othercites{#1}}
+\newcommand{\othercites}[1]{%
+    \cite@begingroup
+        \let\cite@endgroup\@empty
+        \def\citelist{\othercitelist}%
+        \cites{#1}%
+}
+\newcommand{\othercitelist}[1]{%
+    \cite@begingroup
+        \let\cite@endgroup\@empty
+        \cites@init
+        \let\citeleft\relax
+        \let\citeright\ignorespaces
+        \def\InnerCite{\OtherCite}%
+        \def\cite@cj ##1##2{%
+            \begingroup
+                \@xp\citesel##1%
+                \cite@cb ##1%
+            \endgroup
+            \@xp\ifx\csname b@*\endcsname ##1%
+                \global\let\selective@bibdef\copy@bibdef
+            \fi
+            \ignorespaces
+            \cite@endgroup
+        }%
+    #1\relax
+    \endgroup
+}
+\def\OtherCite#1{\cite@a\citesel@other{#1}{}{}}
+\def\citesel@other#1#2#3#4#5#6{}
+\@namedef{b@*}{\citesel 11{*}{*}{*}}
+\def\process@citelist@sorted#1{%
+    \ifx\citesel\citesel@number
+        \cite@sorted@s #1\cite@sorted@e
+    \else
+        \NonNumericCiteWarning
+        \process@citelist@unsorted{#1}%
+    \fi
+}
+\def\NonNumericCiteWarning{%
+    \amsrefs@warning{%
+        Unable to confirm that cite keys are numeric: not sorting%
+    }%
+}
+\def\process@citelist@unsorted#1{%
+    \ignorespaces#1\relax
+}
+\let\process@citelist\process@citelist@sorted
+\def\CPU@sort#1{2147483647}
+\def\cite@sorted@s{%
+    \begingroup
+        \let\CitePrintUndefined\CPU@sort
+        \let\cite@cjs\cite@cj
+        \let\cite@cj\cite@compress
+        \begingroup
+            \toks@\@emptytoks
+            \let\cite@cj\cite@sort
+            \ignorespaces
+}
+\def\cite@sorted@e{%
+        \@xp\endgroup
+        \the\toks@
+        \cite@dash
+        \prev@cite
+    \endgroup
+}
+\def\cite@sort#1#2{%
+    \safe@set\@tempcnta#1% highest number so far
+    \toks@{\cite@cj#1{#2}}%
+    \@temptokena\toks@
+    \let\cite@cj\cite@sort@a
+    \ignorespaces
+}
+\def\cite@sort@a#1#2{%
+    \safe@set\@tempcntb#1%
+    \ifnum\@tempcntb > \@tempcnta
+        \add@toks@{\cite@cj#1{#2}}%
+        \@tempcnta\@tempcntb
+    \else
+        \let\cite@cj\cite@sort@b
+        \toks@\@emptytoks
+        \def\@tempb{\add@toks@{\cite@cj#1{#2}}}%
+        \the\@temptokena
+        \@tempb
+        \let\cite@cj\cite@sort@a
+    \fi
+    \@temptokena\toks@
+    \ignorespaces
+}
+\def\cite@sort@b#1#2{%
+    \safe@set\count@#1%
+    \ifnum\@tempcntb < \count@
+        \@tempb
+        \let\@tempb\@empty
+    \fi
+    \add@toks@{\cite@cj#1{#2}}%
+    \ignorespaces
+}
+\let\prev@cite\@empty
+\def\prev@cite@cb{%
+    \ifx\@prev@cite\@empty
+    \else
+        \begingroup
+            \def\cite@print##1##2{%
+                \cite@cb##1%
+            }%
+            \prev@cite
+        \endgroup
+    \fi
+}
+\def\cite@print#1#2{%
+    \begingroup
+        \let\CitePrintUndefined\CPU@normal
+        \cite@cjs#1{#2}%
+    \endgroup
+}
+\let\cite@dash\@empty
+\def\print@one@dash{%
+    \textendash \nopunct
+    \let\cite@dash\@empty
+}
+\def\cite@compress#1#2{%
+    \cite@print#1{#2}%
+    \@ifempty{#2}{%
+        \safe@set\@tempcnta#1%
+        \let\cite@cj\cite@compress@a
+    }{}%
+}
+\def\cite@compress@a#1#2{%
+    \@ifempty{#2}{%
+        \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
+        \safe@set\@tempcntb#1%
+        \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb
+            \def\prev@cite{\cite@print#1{}}%
+            \let\cite@cj\cite@compress@b
+        \else
+            \cite@print#1{}%
+            \@tempcnta\@tempcntb
+        \fi
+    }{%
+        \cite@print#1{#2}%
+        \let\cite@cj\cite@compress
+    }%
+}
+\def\cite@compress@b#1#2{%
+    \@ifempty{#2}{%
+        \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
+        \safe@set\@tempcntb#1%
+        \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb
+            \let\cite@dash\print@one@dash
+            \prev@cite@cb
+            \def\prev@cite{\cite@print#1{}}%
+        \else
+            \cite@dash
+            \prev@cite
+            \let\prev@cite\@empty
+            \cite@print#1{}%
+            \@tempcnta\@tempcntb
+            \let\cite@cj\cite@compress@a
+        \fi
+    }{%
+        \cite@dash
+        \prev@cite
+        \let\prev@cite\@empty
+        \cite@print#1{#2}%
+        \let\cite@cj\cite@compress
+    }%
+}
+\def\bibcite#1{\@xp\bibcite@a\csname b@#1\endcsname}
+\def\bibcite@a#1#2{%
+    \ifx\relax#1%
+        \gdef#1{\citesel 00#2{}}%
+    \else
+        \begingroup
+            \@xp\bibcite@b\@xp#1#1{#2}%
+        \endgroup
+    \fi
+}
+\def\bibcite@b#1#2#3#4#5#6#7#8{\gdef#1{\citesel#3#4#8{#7}}}
+\newcommand{\citedest}[1]{\@xp\cite@dest\csname b@#1\endcsname}
+\def\cite@dest#1{%
+    \ifx\relax#1%
+        \gdef#1{\citesel 00{}{}{}}%
+    \fi
+    \@xp\cite@dest@b\@xp#1#1%
+}
+\def\cite@dest@b#1#2#3#4#5#6#7#8{%
+    \@ifempty{#7}{%
+        \def#1{\citesel #3#4{#5}{#6}{{#8}}}%
+    }{%
+        \gdef#1{\citesel #3#4{#5}{#6}{#7,{#8}}}%
+    }%
+}
+\@ifundefined{ifBR@verbose}{\let\ifBR@verbose\iffalse \let\fi\fi}{}%
+\let\BackCite\@gobble
+\def\back@cite#1{%
+    \ifBR@verbose
+        \PackageInfo{backref}{back cite \string `\extr@cite#1'}%
+    \fi
+    \Hy@backout{#1}%
+}
+\def\print@backrefs#1{%
+    \space\SentenceSpace$\uparrow$\csname br@#1\endcsname
+}
+\let\PrintBackRefs\@gobble
+\def\ar@hyperlink#1{\hyper@@link [cite]{}{cite.\extr@cite#1}{#1}}
+\def\ar@SK@cite#1{\@bsphack\@xp\SK@\@xp\SK@@ref\@xp{\extr@cite#1}\@esphack}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+    \@ifundefined{hyper@@link}{%
+        \let\ar@hyperlink\@firstofone
+        \let\hyper@anchorstart\@gobble
+        \let\hyper@anchorend\relax
+    }{}%
+    \@ifundefined{SK@@label}{%
+        \let\ar@SK@cite\@gobble
+        \let\SK@@label\@gobble
+        \let\SK@\@gobbletwo
+    }{}%
+}
+\let\amsrefs@textaccents\@empty
+\def\DeclareNameAccent{%
+    \@lappend\amsrefs@textaccents
+}
+\DeclareNameAccent\"
+\DeclareNameAccent\'
+\DeclareNameAccent\.
+\DeclareNameAccent\=
+\DeclareNameAccent\^
+\DeclareNameAccent\`
+\DeclareNameAccent\~%
+\DeclareNameAccent\b
+\DeclareNameAccent\c
+\DeclareNameAccent\d
+\DeclareNameAccent\H
+\DeclareNameAccent\k
+\DeclareNameAccent\r
+\DeclareNameAccent\t
+\DeclareNameAccent\u
+\DeclareNameAccent\v
+\DeclareNameAccent\utilde
+\DeclareNameAccent\uarc
+\DeclareNameAccent\dudot
+\DeclareNameAccent\lfhook
+\DeclareNameAccent\udot
+\DeclareNameAccent\polhk
+\DeclareNameAccent\soft
+\DeclareNameAccent\etalchar
+\let\amsrefs@textsymbols\@empty
+\def\DeclareNameSymbol#1#2{%
+    \@lappend\amsrefs@textsymbols#1%
+    \@lappend\amsrefs@textsymbols#2%
+    \ifx#1#2\else
+        \@lappend\amsrefs@textsymbols#2%
+        \@lappend\amsrefs@textsymbols#2%
+    \fi
+}
+\DeclareNameSymbol\i\i
+\DeclareNameSymbol\j\j
+\DeclareNameSymbol\AE\ae
+\DeclareNameSymbol\OE\oe
+\DeclareNameSymbol\O\o
+\DeclareNameSymbol\DH\dh
+\DeclareNameSymbol\DJ\dj
+\DeclareNameSymbol\L\l
+\DeclareNameSymbol\NG\ng
+\DeclareNameSymbol\SS\ss
+\DeclareNameSymbol\TH\th
+\DeclareNameSymbol\Dbar\dbar
+\DeclareNameSymbol\lasp\lasp
+\DeclareNameSymbol\rasp\rasp
+\DeclareNameSymbol\cprime\cprime
+\DeclareNameSymbol\cdprime\cdprime
+\DeclareNameSymbol\bud\bud
+\DeclareNameSymbol\cydot\cydot
+\DeclareNameSymbol~~%
+\def\normalize@edef#1#2{%
+    \begingroup
+        \@apply\auto@protect\amsrefs@textsymbols
+        \@apply\wrap@accent\amsrefs@textaccents
+        \let\@tabacckludge\use@accent
+        \let~\space
+        \edef\@tempa{\def\@nx#1{#2}}%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\use@accent#1{\csname\string#1\endcsname}
+\def\wrap@accent#1{%
+    \def#1##1{{\@nx#1##1}}%
+}
+\def\lc@edef#1#2{%
+    \begingroup
+        \let\@tabacckludge\use@accent %%??
+        \@apply\auto@protect\amsrefs@textaccents
+        \@apply\lc@do\amsrefs@textsymbols
+        \edef\@tempa{\lowercase{\def\@nx#1{#2}}}%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\lc@do#1\do#2{%
+    \ifx#1#2%
+        \auto@protect#1%
+    \else
+        \def#1{#2}%
+    \fi
+}
+\def\purge@edef#1#2{%
+    \begingroup
+        \@apply\auto@protect\amsrefs@textsymbols
+        \let~\space
+        \@apply\purge@accent\amsrefs@textaccents
+        \let\@tabacckludge\@gobble
+        \def\i{i}%
+        \def\j{j}%
+        \edef\@tempa{#2}%
+        \toks@\@emptytoks
+        \@xp\purge@edef@ \@tempa \@nil
+        \edef\@tempa{\def\@nx#1{\the\toks@}}%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\purge@edef@{%
+    \futurelet\@let@token
+    \purge@edef@a
+}
+\def\purge@edef@a#1{%
+    \ifx\@let@token\@nil
+        \let\@tempa\@empty
+    \else
+        \ifx\@let@token\bgroup
+            \def\@tempa{%
+                \purge@edef@ #1\@nil
+                \purge@edef@
+            }%
+        \else
+            \add@toks@{#1}%
+            \let\@tempa\purge@edef@
+        \fi
+    \fi
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\purge@accent#1{%
+    \def#1##1{##1}%
+}
+\def\name@split{%
+    \get@namepart\bib'surname\name@split@given
+}
+\def\name@split@given{%
+    \get@namepart\bib'given\name@split@jr
+}
+\def\name@split@jr{%
+    \get@namepart\bib'jr\name@split@finish
+}
+\def\name@split@finish{%
+    \ifx\bib'surname\@empty \EmptyNameWarning \fi
+%%      \ifx\@empty\bib'given
+%%          \NameCheck \bib'surname ??\@nil
+%%      \else
+        \extract@initials\bib'given
+%%      \fi
+    \@nilgobble
+}
+\def\get@namepart#1#2{%
+    \toks@{#1}%
+    \@temptokena{#2}%
+    \get@namepart@a
+}
+\def\get@namepart@a{%
+    \futurelet\@let@token
+    \get@namepart@b
+}
+\def\get@namepart@b{%
+    \ifx\@let@token\@sptoken
+        \@xp\get@namepart@c
+    \else
+        \@xp\get@namepart@d
+    \fi
+}
+\def\get@namepart@c{%
+    \after@deleting@token\get@namepart@a
+}
+\def\get@namepart@d{%
+    \futurelet\@let@token
+    \get@namepart@e
+}
+\def\get@namepart@e{%
+    \ifx\@let@token,%
+        \@xp\let\the\toks@\@empty
+        \edef\@tempa{%
+            \@nx\after@deleting@token\the\@temptokena
+        }%
+        \@xp\@tempa
+    \else
+        \@xp\get@namepart@f
+    \fi
+}
+\def\get@namepart@f#1#2,{%
+    \ifx\@let@token\bgroup
+        \@xp\def\the\toks@{{#1}#2}%
+    \else
+        \@xp\def\the\toks@{#1#2}%
+    \fi
+    \the\@temptokena
+}
+\def\EmptyNameWarning{\amsrefs@warning{Empty contributor name}}
+\def\extract@initials#1{%
+    \begingroup
+        \auto@protect\ini@hyphen
+        \auto@protect\nobreakspace
+        \let~\relax
+        \@apply\auto@protect\amsrefs@textsymbols
+        \@apply\auto@protect\amsrefs@textaccents
+        \normalize@edef\@tempa{#1}%
+        \ifx\@tempa\@empty
+        \else
+            \process@hyphens\@tempa
+            \process@dots\@tempa
+            \process@names\@tempa
+            \@chomp\@tempa{~}%
+        \fi
+        \edef\@tempa{\def\@nx\bib'initials{\@tempa}}%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\ini@hyphen{\unskip-\nobreak}
+\def\process@hyphens#1{%
+    \begingroup
+        \toks@\@emptytoks
+        \@xp\process@one@hyphen #1-\@nil
+        \edef\@tempa{\the\toks@}%
+        \@chomp\@tempa{ \ini@hyphen\space}%
+        \edef\@tempa{\def\@nx#1{\@tempa}}%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\process@one@hyphen{%
+    \futurelet\@let@token
+    \process@one@hyphen@a
+}
+\def\process@one@hyphen@a{%
+    \ifx\@let@token\@nil
+        \let\fsa@n\@gobble
+    \else
+        \ifx\@let@token -%
+            \TrailingHyphenWarning
+            \let\fsa@n\process@one@hyphen@b
+        \else
+            \ifx\@let@token\@sptoken
+                \let\fsa@n\process@one@hyphen@b
+            \else
+                \let\fsa@n\process@one@hyphen@c
+            \fi
+        \fi
+    \fi
+    \fsa@n
+}
+\def\process@one@hyphen@b{%
+    \after@deleting@token\process@one@hyphen
+}
+\def\process@one@hyphen@c#1#2-{%
+    \ifx\bgroup\@let@token
+        \add@toks@{{#1}#2 \ini@hyphen\space}%
+    \else
+        \add@toks@{#1#2 \ini@hyphen\space}%
+    \fi
+    \futurelet\@let@token
+    \process@one@hyphen@d
+}
+\def\process@one@hyphen@d{%
+    \ifx\@let@token\@nil
+        \@xp\@gobble
+    \else
+        \@xp\process@one@hyphen
+    \fi
+}
+\def\TrailingHyphenWarning{%
+    \amsrefs@warning{Trailing hyphen deleted from name}%
+}
+\def\process@dots#1{%
+    \begingroup
+        \toks@\@emptytoks
+        \@xp\process@one@dot #1.\@nil
+        \edef\@tempa{\the\toks@}%
+        \@chomp\@tempa{. }%
+        \@chomp\@tempa{ }%
+        \edef\@tempa{\def\@nx#1{\@tempa}}%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\process@one@dot{%
+    \futurelet\@let@token
+    \process@one@dot@a
+}
+\def\process@one@dot@a{%
+    \ifx\@let@token .%
+        \def\fsa@n{\after@deleting@token\process@bare@dot}%
+    \else
+        \ifx\@let@token\@sptoken
+            \let\fsa@n\process@one@dot@b
+        \else
+            \let\fsa@n\process@one@dot@c
+        \fi
+    \fi
+    \fsa@n
+}
+\def\process@bare@dot{%
+    \add@toks@{. }%
+    \futurelet\@let@token
+    \process@one@dot@d
+}
+\def\process@one@dot@b{%
+    \after@deleting@token\process@one@dot
+}
+\def\process@one@dot@c#1#2.{%
+    \ifx\bgroup\@let@token
+        \add@toks@{{#1}#2. }%
+    \else
+        \add@toks@{#1#2. }%
+    \fi
+    \futurelet\@let@token
+    \process@one@dot@d
+}
+\def\process@one@dot@d{%
+    \ifx\@let@token\@nil
+        \@xp\@gobble
+    \else
+        \@xp\process@one@dot
+    \fi
+}
+\def\process@names#1{%
+    \begingroup
+        \toks@\@emptytoks
+        \@xp\extract@initial #1 \@nil
+        \edef\@tempa{\def\@nx#1{\the\toks@}}%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\extract@initial{%
+    \futurelet\@let@token
+    \extract@initial@a
+}
+\def\extract@initial@a{%
+    \ifx\@let@token\@nil
+        \let\fsa@n\@gobble
+    \else
+        \ifx\@let@token\@sptoken
+            \let\fsa@n\extract@initial@b
+        \else
+            \let\fsa@n\extract@initial@c
+        \fi
+    \fi
+    \fsa@n
+}
+\def\extract@initial@b{%
+    \after@deleting@token\extract@initial
+}
+\def\extract@initial@c#1#2 {%
+    \ifx\@let@token\bgroup
+        \@extract@initial {{#1}}#2\@nil
+    \else
+        \@extract@initial #1#2\@nil
+    \fi
+    \futurelet\@let@token
+    \extract@initial@d
+}
+\def\extract@initial@d{%
+    \ifx\@let@token\@nil
+        \@xp\@gobble
+    \else
+        \@xp\extract@initial
+    \fi
+}
+\def\@extract@initial#1#2\@nil{%
+    \ifx\ini@hyphen#1%
+        \add@toks@{\ini@hyphen}%
+    \else
+        \in@{.\@nil}{#1#2\@nil}% Look for a period at the end of the name
+        \ifin@
+            \add@toks@{#1#2~}%
+        \else
+            \count@chars\@tempcnta{#1#2}%
+            \ifnum\@tempcnta > \@ne
+                \add@toks@{#1.~}%
+            \else
+                \add@toks@{#1~}%
+            \fi
+        \fi
+    \fi
+}
+\def\count@chars#1#2{%
+    \begingroup
+        \@tempcnta\z@
+        \@count@chars#2\@nil
+        \edef\@tempb{#1=\the\@tempcnta\relax}%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempb
+}
+\def\@count@chars#1{%
+    \ifx #1\@nil
+    \else
+        \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
+        \@xp\@count@chars
+    \fi
+}
+\let\previous@stem\@empty
+\let\current@stem\@empty
+\let\previous@year\@empty
+\let\current@year\@empty
+\def\append@to@stem{\global\@concat\current@stem}
+\def\generate@alphalabel{%
+    \ifx\bib'label\@empty
+        \begingroup
+            \global\let\previous@stem\current@stem
+            \global\let\current@stem\@empty
+            \@apply\auto@protect\amsrefs@textsymbols
+            \@apply\auto@protect\amsrefs@textaccents
+            \auto@protect\name
+            \auto@protect\etaltext
+            \normalize@edef\@tempa\current@primary
+            \get@numberof\@tempcnta\name\@tempa
+            \calc@author@part
+            \append@label@year
+            \calc@alpha@suffix
+            \edef\@tempa{%
+                \def\@nx\bib'label{%
+                    \current@stem
+                    \alpha@label@suffix
+                }%
+            }%
+        \@xp\endgroup
+        \@tempa
+    \fi
+}
+\def\calc@author@part{%
+    \ifnum \@tempcnta = 1
+        \@xp\@oneauthorlabel\@xp{\@tempa}%
+    \else
+        \@xp\@multiauthorlabel\@xp{\@tempa}%
+    \fi
+}
+\def\@firstone#1{\@car#1\@empty\@nil}
+\def\@firstthree#1{\@carcube#1\@empty\@empty\@empty\@nil}
+\let\@nametoken\@firstone
+\def\hyph@to@space#1-{#1 \hyph@to@space}
+\def\@marknames#1{%
+    \@ifnotempty{#1}{\surround@names#1 ' }%
+}
+\def\surround@names#1 {%
+    \ifx '#1%
+    \else
+        \@nx\@nametoken{#1}%
+        \@xp\surround@names
+    \fi
+}
+\def\extract@surnames#1#2{%
+    \get@namepart\@tempb\@nilgobble #2,\@nil
+    \edef\@tempb{\@nx\@marknames{\@xp\hyph@to@space\@tempb\@gobble-}}%
+    \edef#1{\@tempb}%
+}
+\newcommand{\@oneauthorlabel}[1]{%
+    \def\name##1{%
+        \extract@surnames\@tempa{##1}%
+        \get@numberof\@tempcnta\@nametoken\@tempa
+        \ifnum \@tempcnta = 1
+            \let\@nametoken\@firstthree
+        \fi
+        \append@to@stem{\@tempa}%
+    }%
+    #1%
+}
+\def\@threeauthors\name#1\name#2\name#3#4\@empty{%
+    \name{#1}\name{#2}\name{#3}%
+    \append@to@stem{\etalchar{+}}%
+}
+\newcommand{\@multiauthorlabel}[1]{%
+    \def\name##1{%
+        \ifx\etaltext ##1%
+            \def\@tempa{\@nx\etalchar{+}}%
+            \let\name\@gobble
+        \else
+            \extract@surnames\@tempa{##1}%
+        \fi
+        \append@to@stem{\@tempa}%
+    }%
+    \ifnum \@tempcnta > 4 \@xp \@threeauthors \fi
+    #1\@empty
+}
+\newcommand{\etalchar}[1]{$^{#1}$}
+\def\year@short#1#2#3#4\@nil{#3#4}
+\def\append@label@year{%
+    \safe@set\@tempcnta\bib@year
+    \edef\bib@citeyear{\the\@tempcnta}%
+    \append@to@stem{%
+        \ifx\bib@year\@empty
+        \else
+            \@xp\year@short \bib@citeyear \@nil
+        \fi
+    }%
+}
+\let\alpha@label@suffix\@empty
+
+\newcount\alpha@suffix
+\alpha@suffix\@ne
+\let\@suffix@format\@alph
+\def\calc@alpha@suffix{%
+    \@tempswafalse
+    \compare@stems\previous@stem\current@stem
+    \ifsame@stems
+        \ifx\previous@year\current@year
+            \@tempswatrue
+        \fi
+    \fi
+    \if@tempswa
+        \global\advance\alpha@suffix\@ne
+        \edef\alpha@label@suffix{\@suffix@format\alpha@suffix}%
+        \ifnum\alpha@suffix=\tw@
+            \immediate\write\@auxout{%
+                \string\ModifyBibLabel{\prev@citekey}%
+            }%
+        \fi
+    \else
+        \let\alpha@label@suffix\@empty
+        \global\alpha@suffix\@ne
+        \@xp\ifx \csname b@\current@citekey @suffix\endcsname \relax
+        \else
+            \edef\alpha@label@suffix{\@suffix@format\alpha@suffix}%
+        \fi
+    \fi
+}
+\newif\ifsame@stems
+\def\compare@stems#1#2{%
+    \begingroup
+        \purge@edef\@tempa{#1}%
+        \purge@edef\@tempb{#2}%
+        \lc@edef\@tempa{\@tempa}%
+        \lc@edef\@tempb{\@tempb}%
+        \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+            \def\@tempa{\same@stemstrue}%
+        \else
+            \def\@tempa{\same@stemsfalse}%
+        \fi
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\ModifyBibLabel#1{%
+    \global\@xp\let\csname b@#1@suffix\endcsname\@empty
+}
+\newcount\series@index
+\def\PrintSeries#1#2#3#4#5#6#7#8{%
+    \begingroup
+        \def\series@add@a{#2}%
+        \def\series@add@b{\SwapBreak{#3}#4}%
+        \def\series@add@c{\SwapBreak{#5}#6}%
+        \def\series@add@d{\SwapBreak{#7}#8}%
+        \def\series@add@e{\SwapBreak{#7}}%
+        \PrintSeries@a{#1}%
+}
+\def\PrintSeries@a#1#2#3#4{%
+        \get@numberof\@tempcnta#1{#3}%
+        \chardef\series@total=\@tempcnta
+        \ifnum\series@total=\@ne
+            \let\SingularPlural\@firstoftwo
+        \else
+            \let\SingularPlural\@secondoftwo
+        \fi
+        \series@index=\z@
+        \let#1\series@add
+        #2#3#4\relax
+    \endgroup
+}
+\def\series@add#1{%
+    \advance\series@index\@ne
+    \ifx\etaltext#1\relax
+        \ifnum\series@index=\tw@
+            \def\@tempa{\space\SubEtal}%
+        \else
+            \def\@tempa{\series@add@e\space\SubEtal}%
+        \fi
+        \series@index\@MM
+    \else
+        \ifcase\series@index
+        \or
+            \let\@tempa\series@add@a
+        \or
+            \ifnum\series@total<\thr@@
+                \let\@tempa\series@add@b
+            \else
+                \let\@tempa\series@add@c
+            \fi
+        \else
+            \ifnum\series@index=\series@total
+                \let\@tempa\series@add@d
+            \else
+                \ifnum\series@index<\series@total
+                    \let\@tempa\series@add@c
+                \else
+                    \let\@tempa\@gobble
+                \fi
+            \fi
+        \fi
+    \fi
+    \@tempa{#1}%
+}
+\def\SwapBreak#1{%
+    \relax\ifvmode\leavevmode\fi
+    \@tempcnta\@MM
+    \toks@{#1}%
+    \unskip
+    \ifnum \lastkern>\@ne \unkern \fi
+    \ifnum\lastpenalty=\z@
+    \else
+        \@tempcnta\lastpenalty
+        \unpenalty
+    \fi
+    \edef\@tempa{%
+        \@nx\deferredquoteslogical
+        \ifnum\lastkern=\@ne
+        \else
+            \ifnum\spacefactor=\sfcode\@xp\@xp\@xp`\@xp\@car\string#1)\@nil
+            \else
+                \ifnum\spacefactor=\@nopunctsfcode
+                \else
+                    \the\toks@
+                \fi
+            \fi
+        \fi
+        \@nx\deferredquotes
+        \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@MM \else \penalty\number\@tempcnta\space \fi
+        \ifnum\lastkern=\@ne \ignorespaces \fi
+    }%
+    \@tempa
+}
+\newcommand{\SingularPlural}[2]{#1}
+\newcommand{\Plural}{\SingularPlural{}}
+\BibSpec{nameLE}{
+    +{}{}{given}
+    +{}{\IfEmptyBibField{given}{}{ }}{surname}
+    +{}{ }{jr}
+}
+\BibSpec{nameBE}{
+    +{}{}{surname}
+    +{}{ }{given}
+}
+\BibSpec{nameinverted}{
+    +{} {}  {surname}
+    +{,}{ } {given}
+    +{,}{ } {jr}
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintNames}{%
+    \@ifstar{\PrintNames@a\set@othername}{\PrintNames@a\set@firstname}%
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintNames@a}[4]{%
+    \PrintSeries{\name}
+        {#1}
+        {}{ and \set@othername}
+        {,}{ \set@othername}
+        {,}{ and \set@othername}
+        {#2}{#4}{#3}%
+}
+\def\set@firstname#1{%
+    \set@name{#1}\setbib@nameLE
+}
+\def\set@othername#1{%
+    \set@name{#1}\setbib@nameLE
+}
+\def\set@name#1{%
+    \name@split#1,,,\@nil
+    \set@name@a
+}
+\def\set@name@a#1{%
+    \begingroup
+        \get@current@properties
+        \select@auxlanguage
+        \def\@tempa{yes}%
+        \ifx\@tempa\prop'inverted
+            \setbib@nameBE
+        \else
+            #1%
+        \fi
+    \endgroup
+}
+\def\PrintPrimary{%
+    \ifx\current@primary\@empty
+        \EmptyPrimaryWarning
+    \else
+        \print@primary\current@primary
+    \fi
+}
+\def\EmptyPrimaryWarning{%
+    \amsrefs@warning{No authors, editors or translators}%
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintAuthors}[1]{%
+    \ifx\previous@primary\current@primary
+        \sameauthors\@empty
+    \else
+        \def\current@bibfield{\bib'author}%
+        \PrintNames{}{}{#1}%
+    \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\sameauthors}[1]{\bysame#1}
+\def\bysame{%
+    \leavevmode\hbox to3em{\hrulefill}\thinspace
+    \kern\z@
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintNameList}{\PrintNames{}{}}
+\newcommand{\PrintEditorsC}[1]{%
+    \PrintNames{Edited by }{}{#1}%
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintEditorsA}[1]{%
+    \ifx\previous@primary\current@primary
+        \sameauthors{(ed\Plural{s}.)}%
+    \else
+        \def\current@bibfield{\bib'editor}%
+        \PrintNames{}{ (ed\Plural{s}.)}{#1}%
+    \fi
+    \erase@field\bib'editor
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintEditorsB}{%
+    \PrintNames*{(}{\SwapBreak{,}~ed\Plural{s}.)}%
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintContributions}[1]{%
+    \PrintSeries
+        {\fld@elt}
+        {\print@contribution}
+        {}{ and \print@contribution}
+        {,}{ \print@contribution}
+        {,}{ and \print@contribution}{}{#1}{}%
+}
+\newcommand{\print@contribution}[1]{%
+    \in@={#1}%
+    \ifin@
+        \ifnum\series@index=\@ne with \fi
+        \RestrictedSetKeys{}{bib}{%
+            \bib@print@inner\setbib@contribution{\the\rsk@toks}%
+        }{#1}%
+    \else
+        #1%
+    \fi
+}
+\def\resolve@inner#1#2{%
+    \in@={#2}%
+    \ifin@
+        \RestrictedSetKeys{}{bib}{#1{\the\rsk@toks}}{#2}%
+    \else
+        \@ifundefined{bi@#2}{%
+            \XRefWarning{#2}%
+        }{%
+            #1{\csname bi@#2\endcsname}%
+        }%
+    \fi
+}
+\def\PrintConference{%
+    \resolve@inner{\bib@print@inner\setbib@conference}
+}
+\def\PrintConferenceDetails#1{%
+    \ifx\@empty\bib'address
+        \ifx\@empty\bib'date
+        \else
+            \PrintConferenceDetails@
+        \fi
+    \else
+        \PrintConferenceDetails@
+    \fi
+}
+\def\PrintConferenceDetails@{%
+    \ifnum\lastkern=\@ne\else\space\fi(\kern 1sp
+    \ifx\@empty\bib'address
+    \else
+        \bib'address
+    \fi
+    \ifx\@empty\bib'date
+    \else
+        \SwapBreak{,}\space
+        \print@date
+    \fi
+    )%\spacefactor\sfcode`\,%
+}
+\def\PrintBook{%
+    \resolve@inner{\bib@print@inner\setbib@innerbook}
+}
+\def\PrintReprint{%
+    \resolve@inner{\bib@reprint}
+}
+\def\bib@reprint#1{%
+    \begingroup
+        #1\relax            % execute definitions locally
+        \bib@field@patches
+        \bib'setup
+        \IfEmptyBibField{copula}{reprinted in}{\bib'copula} \nopunct
+        \let\bib'language\@empty
+        \setbib@book
+    \endgroup
+}
+\def\PrintTranslation{%
+    \resolve@inner{\bib@translation}
+}
+\def\bib@translation#1{%
+    \begingroup
+        #1\relax            % execute definitions locally
+        \bib@field@patches
+        \bib'setup
+        \let\PrintPrimary\@empty
+        \bib@append{;}{ % keep this space!
+            \IfEmptyBibField{language}{English}{\bib'language} transl.%
+            \IfEmptyBibField{pages}{ in \kern\@ne sp}{, }%
+        }\bib'transition
+        \let\bib'language\@empty
+        \setbib@@
+    \endgroup
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintTranslatorsC}[1]{%
+    \PrintNames{translated by }{}{#1}%
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintTranslatorsA}[1]{%
+    \ifx\previous@primary\current@primary
+        \sameauthors{(trans.)}%
+    \else
+        \def\current@bibfield{\bib'translator}%
+        \PrintNames{}{ (trans.)}{#1}%
+    \fi
+    \erase@field\bib'translator
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintTranslatorsB}[1]{
+    \PrintNames*{(}{\SwapBreak{,}~tran\Plural{s}.)}%
+}
+\DefineName{alii}{\etaltext}
+\DefineName{others}{\etaltext}
+\newcommand{\etaltext}{et al.}
+\newcommand{\SubEtal}[1]{\etaltext}
+\newcommand{\print@partial}{%
+    \resolve@inner{\bib@print@inner\setbib@partial}
+}
+\newcommand{\parenthesize}[1]{%
+    \leavevmode\push@bracket)\upn{(}#1\pop@bracket
+}
+\providecommand{\upn}[1]{#1}
+\let\bracket@stack\@empty
+
+\def\push@bracket#1{%
+    \xdef\bracket@stack{#1\bracket@stack}%
+}
+
+\def\pop@bracket{%
+    \iffalse{\fi
+    \@xp\pop@bracket@a\bracket@stack \@empty}%
+}
+
+\def\pop@bracket@a#1{%
+    \leavevmode\/\upn{#1}%
+    \xdef\bracket@stack{\iffalse}\fi
+}
+\newcommand{\bibquotes}[1]{%
+    \textquotedblleft#1%
+    \gdef\deferredquotes{%
+        \global\let\deferredquotes\@empty
+        \textquotedblright
+    }%
+}
+\providecommand{\mdash}{\textemdash}
+\providecommand{\ndash}{\textendash}
+\def\MR#1{%
+    \relax\ifhmode\unskip\spacefactor3000 \space\fi
+    \def\@tempa##1:##2:##3\@nil{%
+        \ifx @##2\@empty##1\else\textbf{##1:}##2\fi
+    }%
+    \MRhref{#1}{MR \@tempa#1:@:\@nil}%
+}
+\providecommand{\MRhref}[1]{}
+\newcommand{\PrintReviews}[1]{%
+    \PrintSeries{\fld@elt}{}{,}{ }{,}{ }{,}{ }{}{#1}{}%
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintPartials}[1]{%
+    \PrintSeries
+        {\fld@elt}
+        {\print@partial}
+        {;}{ \print@partial}
+        {;}{ \print@partial}
+        {;}{ \print@partial}{}{#1}{}%
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintISBNs}[1]{%
+    \PrintSeries{\fld@elt}{}{,}{ }{,}{ }{,}{ }{ISBN }{#1}{}%
+}
+\newcommand{\voltext}{\IfEmptyBibField{series}{Vol.~}{vol.~}}
+\newcommand{\issuetext}{no.~}
+\newcommand{\DashPages}[1]{%
+    p\pp@scan@a#1@\ndash p@\ndash{\pp@scan#1@-p@-{}\@nil}\@nil.~#1%
+}
+
+\def\pp@scan#1-#2@-#3#4\@nil{#3}
+
+\def\pp@scan@a#1\ndash#2@\ndash#3#4\@nil{#3}
+\newcommand{\eprintpages}[1]{%
+    #1\IfEmptyBibField{eprint}{}{\IfEmptyBibField{journal}{ pp.}{}}%
+}
+\def\PrintThesisType#1{%
+    \thesis@type#1?\@nil{#1}%
+}
+
+\def\thesis@type#1#2\@nil#3{%
+    \ifx p#1%
+        Ph.D. Thesis%
+    \else
+        \ifx m#1%
+            Master's Thesis%
+        \else
+            #3%
+        \fi
+    \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintDOI}[1]{%
+    DOI #1%
+    \IfEmptyBibField{volume}{, (to appear in print)}{}%
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintDatePV}[1]{%
+    \IfEmptyBibField{doi}{%
+        \let\@tempa\PrintDate
+    }{%
+        \IfEmptyBibField{volume}{%
+            \let\@tempa\PrintDatePosted
+        }{%
+            \let\@tempa\PrintDate
+        }%
+    }%
+    \@tempa{#1}%
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintDate}[1]{(\print@date)}
+\newcommand{\PrintDateB}[1]{\print@date}
+\def\print@date{%
+    \ifx\bib@month\@empty
+    \else
+        \print@month@day
+    \fi
+    \bib@year
+}
+\def\print@month@day{%
+    \bib@monthname
+    \ifx\@empty\bib@day \else \nobreakspace\number 0\bib@day,\fi
+    \space
+}
+\newcommand{\bib@monthname}{%
+    \ifcase 0\bib@month
+    \or January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+      July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\or
+      Winter\or Spring\or Summer\or Fall\else Unknown Month%
+    \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\PrintYear}[1]{\bib@year}
+\newcommand{\PrintDatePosted}[1]{\unskip,  posted on \print@date}
+\newcommand{\PrintEdition}[1]{%
+    \afterassignment\print@edition
+    \count@ 0#1\relax\@nil
+}
+\def\print@edition#1#2\@nil{%
+    \ifx\relax#1\relax
+        \ifnum\count@>\z@
+            \CardinalNumeric\count@
+        \else
+            ??th%
+        \fi
+        \ \editiontext
+    \else
+        \ifnum \count@>\z@ \number\count@ \fi
+        #1#2\relax
+    \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\editiontext}{ed.}
+\newcommand{\CardinalNumeric}[1]{%
+    \number#1\relax
+    \if
+        \ifnum#1<14
+            \ifnum#1>\thr@@ T\else F\fi
+        \else
+            F%
+        \fi
+        T%
+            th%
+    \else
+        \@xp\keep@last@digit\@xp#1\number#1\relax
+        \ifcase#1th\or st\or nd\or rd\else th\fi
+    \fi
+}
+\def\keep@last@digit#1#2{%
+    \ifx\relax#2%
+        \@xp\@gobbletwo
+    \else
+        #1=#2\relax
+    \fi
+    \keep@last@digit#1%
+}
+\newcommand{\SentenceSpace}{\relax\ifhmode\spacefactor`\. \fi}
+\newcommand{\eprint}[1]{\url{#1}}
+\let\bibliographystyle\@gobble
+\def\bibtex@style{amsrn}
+\AtBeginDocument{
+    \if@filesw
+        \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\bibstyle{\bibtex@style}}%
+    \fi
+}
+\IfOption{alphabetic}{%
+    \def\bibtex@style{amsra}%
+    \def\alpha@label{%
+        \ifx\@empty\bib'label
+            \def\thebib{\CurrentBib}%
+        \else
+            \let\thebib\bib'label
+        \fi
+    }%
+    \let\generate@label\generate@alphalabel
+    \let\process@citelist\process@citelist@unsorted
+    \def\numeric@refs{01}%
+}{}
+\IfOption{shortalphabetic}{%
+    \def\bibtex@style{amsrs}%
+    \def\alpha@label{%
+        \ifx\@empty\bib'label
+            \def\thebib{\CurrentBib}%
+        \else
+            \let\thebib\bib'label
+        \fi
+    }%
+    \let\@suffix@format\@arabic
+    \def\calc@author@part{%
+        \@xp\@multiauthorlabel\@xp{\@tempa}%
+    }%
+    \let\append@label@year\@empty
+    \let\generate@label\generate@alphalabel
+    \let\process@citelist\process@citelist@unsorted
+    \def\numeric@refs{01}%
+}{}
+\IfOption{backrefs}{%
+    \let\PrintBackRefs\print@backrefs
+    \@ifundefined{Hy@backout}{%
+        \amsrefs@warning{backref option requires hyperref package}%
+    }{%
+        \let\BackCite\back@cite
+        \AtBeginDocument{\@starttoc{brf}{}}%
+    }%
+}{%
+}
+\IfOption{citation-order}{%
+    \IfOption{alphabetic}{%
+        \amsrefs@warning@nl{%
+            The 'citation-order' and 'alphabetic' options are
+            incompatible%
+        }%
+    }{
+        \def\bibtex@style{amsru}%
+    }
+}{}
+\IfOption{initials}{% TRUE:
+    \BibSpec{nameLE}{
+        +{}{}{initials}
+        +{}{\IfEmptyBibField{initials}{}{ }}{surname}
+        +{}{ }{jr}
+    }
+
+    \BibSpec{nameBE}{
+        +{}{}{surname}
+        +{}{ }{initials}
+    %    +{}{ }{jr}
+    }
+
+    \BibSpec{nameinverted}{
+        +{} {}  {surname}
+        +{,}{ } {initials}
+        +{,}{ } {jr}
+    }
+}{% initials? FALSE:
+} % end conditional code for initials option
+\IfOption{jpa}{%
+    \amsrefs@warning{The 'jpa' option is obsolete}%
+    \typeout{Trying \string\usepackage{amsjpa} instead ...}%
+    \RequirePackage{amsjpa}[2000/02/02]
+}{}
+\let\deferredquotes\@empty
+\IfOption{logical-quotes}{%
+    \def\deferredquoteslogical{\deferredquotes}%
+}{%
+    \let\deferredquoteslogical\relax
+}
+\IfOption{non-compressed-cites}{%
+    \let\cite@compress\cite@print
+}{}
+\IfOption{non-sorted-cites}{%
+    \let\process@citelist\process@citelist@unsorted
+}{}
+\IfOption{short-journals}{%
+    \renewcommand{\DefineJournal}[4]{%
+        \bib*{#1}{periodical}{
+            issn={#2},
+            journal={#3},
+        }%
+    }
+}{}
+\IfOption{short-publishers}{%
+    \renewcommand{\DefinePublisher}[4]{%
+        \bib*{#1}{publisher}{%
+            publisher={#2},%
+            address={#4},
+        }%
+    }%
+}{}
+\IfOption{short-months}{%
+    \renewcommand{\bib@monthname}{%
+        \ifcase 0\bib@month
+        \or Jan.\or Feb.\or Mar.\or Apr.\or May\or June\or
+          July\or Aug.\or Sep.\or Oct.\or Nov.\or Dec.\or
+          Winter\or Spring\or Summer\or Fall\else Unknown Month%
+        \fi
+    }%
+}{}
+\IfOption{y2k}{%
+    \IfOption{alphabetic}{%
+        \def\year@short#1\@nil{#1}%
+        \def\bibtex@style{amsry}%
+    }{%
+        \amsrefs@warning@nl{%
+            The 'y2k' option can only be used with the^^J%
+            'alphabetic' option%
+        }%
+}
+}{}
+\IfOption{bibtex-style}{%
+    \RequirePackage{amsbst}
+}{}
+\IfOption{author-year}{}{\PopCatcodes \endinput}
+\def\generate@label{%
+    \ifx\bib'label\@empty
+        \begingroup
+            \global\let\previous@stem\current@stem
+            \global\let\current@stem\@empty
+            \global\let\previous@year\current@year
+            \global\let\current@year\bib@year
+            \@apply\auto@protect\amsrefs@textsymbols
+            \@apply\auto@protect\amsrefs@textaccents
+            \def\name##1{\@nx\name{\lnscan@a##1,\@nil}}%
+            \auto@protect\etaltext
+            \normalize@edef\current@stem{\current@primary}%
+            \xdef\current@stem{\current@stem}%
+            \calc@alpha@suffix
+            \edef\@tempa{%
+                \def\@nx\cite@label{\current@stem}%
+                \def\@nx\bib@label@year{%
+                    \current@year
+                    \alpha@label@suffix
+                }%
+            }
+        \@xp\endgroup
+        \@tempa
+    \fi
+}
+\def\lnscan@a#1,#2\@nil{#1}
+\def\citesel@author#1#2#3#4#5{\PrintCiteNames{#3}}
+\def\citesel@authoryear#1#2#3#4#5{\PrintCNY{#3}{#4}}
+\def\citesel@object#1#2#3#4#5{\PrintCiteNames{#3} \citeleft#4}
+\let\citesel\citesel@authoryear
+\def\numeric@refs{01}%
+\def\citeleft{(}%
+\def\citeright{)}%
+\def\@citeleft{\ifx\citesel\citesel@object\else\citeleft\fi}%
+\def\citepunct{; }
+\let\BibLabel\@empty
+\let\process@citelist\process@citelist@unsorted
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\ycite}[1]{%
+    \star@{\cite@a\citesel@year{#1}}{}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\ycites}[1]{%
+    \begingroup
+        \def\citepunct{, }%
+        \let\citesel\citesel@year
+        \cites{#1}%
+    \endgroup
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\ocite}[1]{%
+    \star@{\cite@a\citesel@object{#1}}{}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\ocites}[1]{%
+    \begingroup
+        \let\@citelist\@ocitelist
+        \cites{#1}%
+    \endgroup
+}
+\def\@ocitelist#1{%
+    \PrintSeries{\InnerCite}%
+        {\ocite}%
+        {}{ and \ocite}%
+        {,}{ \ocite}%
+        {,}{ and \ocite}%
+        {}%
+        {#1}%
+        {}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\citeauthor}[1]{%
+    \star@{\cite@a\citesel@author{#1}}{}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\citeauthory}[1]{%
+    \citeauthor{#1} \ycite{#1}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\fullcite}[1]{%
+    \begingroup
+        \let\print@citenames\CiteNamesFull
+        \star@{\cite@a\citesel@authoryear{#1}}{}%
+    \endgroup
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\fullocite}[1]{%
+    \begingroup
+        \let\print@citenames\CiteNamesFull
+        \star@{\cite@a\citesel@object{#1}}{}%
+    \endgroup
+}
+\def\set@firstname#1{%
+    \set@name{#1}\setbib@nameinverted
+}
+\def\PrintCNY#1#2{%
+    \PrintCiteNames{#1}%
+    \@ifnotempty{#2}{\@addpunct{,} #2}%
+}
+\def\PrintCiteNames#1{%
+    \leavevmode
+    \def\@tempa{#1}%
+    \ifx\@tempa\prev@names
+    \else
+        \gdef\prev@names{#1}%
+        \@xp\ifx\@car#1.\@nil\CitePrintUndefined
+            #1\relax
+        \else
+            \print@citenames{#1}%
+        \fi
+    \fi
+}
+\newcommand{\CiteNames}[1]{%
+    \PrintSeries{\name}%
+        {}%
+        {}{ and }%
+        {}{\@gobble}%
+        {}{ \etaltext\@\@gobble}%
+        {}%
+        {#1}%
+        {}%
+}
+\let\print@citenames\CiteNames
+\newcommand{\CiteNamesFull}[1]{%
+    \PrintSeries{\name}%
+        {}%
+        {}{ and }%
+        {,}{ }%
+        {,}{ and }%
+        {}%
+        {#1}%
+        {}%
+}
+\renewcommand{\PrintDate}[1]{\bib@label@year}
+\def\print@date{%
+    \IfEmptyBibField{date}{%
+        \IfEmptyBibField{year}{\BibField{status}}{\bib@year}%
+    }{%
+        \bib@year
+    }%
+}
+\BibSpec{article}{%
+    +{}  {\PrintAuthors}                {author}
+    +{.} { \PrintDate}                  {date}
+    +{.} { \textit}                     {title}
+    +{.} { }                            {part}
+    +{:} { \textit}                     {subtitle}
+    +{,} { \PrintContributions}         {contribution}
+    +{.} { \PrintPartials}              {partial}
+    +{,} { }                            {journal}
+    +{}  { \textbf}                     {volume}
+    +{,} { \issuetext}                  {number}
+    +{,} { \eprintpages}                {pages}
+    +{,} { }                            {status}
+    +{,} { \PrintDOI}                   {doi}
+    +{,} { available at \eprint}        {eprint}
+    +{}  { \parenthesize}               {language}
+    +{}  { \PrintTranslation}           {translation}
+    +{;} { \PrintReprint}               {reprint}
+    +{.} { }                            {note}
+    +{.} {}                             {transition}
+    +{}  {\SentenceSpace \PrintReviews} {review}
+}
+
+\BibSpec{book}{%
+    +{}  {\PrintPrimary}                {transition}
+    +{.} { \PrintDate}                  {date}
+    +{.} { \textit}                     {title}
+    +{.} { }                            {part}
+    +{:} { \textit}                     {subtitle}
+    +{,} { \PrintEdition}               {edition}
+    +{}  { \PrintEditorsB}              {editor}
+    +{,} { \PrintTranslatorsC}          {translator}
+    +{,} { \PrintContributions}         {contribution}
+    +{,} { }                            {series}
+    +{,} { \voltext}                    {volume}
+    +{,} { }                            {publisher}
+    +{,} { }                            {organization}
+    +{,} { }                            {address}
+    +{,} { }                            {status}
+    +{}  { \parenthesize}               {language}
+    +{}  { \PrintTranslation}           {translation}
+    +{;} { \PrintReprint}               {reprint}
+    +{.} { }                            {note}
+    +{.} {}                             {transition}
+    +{}  {\SentenceSpace \PrintReviews} {review}
+}
+
+\BibSpec{collection.article}{%
+    +{}  {\PrintAuthors}                {author}
+    +{.} { \PrintDate}                  {date}
+    +{.} { \textit}                     {title}
+    +{.} { }                            {part}
+    +{:} { \textit}                     {subtitle}
+    +{,} { \PrintContributions}         {contribution}
+    +{,} { \PrintConference}            {conference}
+    +{}  {\PrintBook}                   {book}
+    +{,} { }                            {booktitle}
+    +{,} { pp.~}                        {pages}
+    +{,} { }                            {status}
+    +{,} { \PrintDOI}                   {doi}
+    +{,} { available at \eprint}        {eprint}
+    +{}  { \parenthesize}               {language}
+    +{}  { \PrintTranslation}           {translation}
+    +{;} { \PrintReprint}               {reprint}
+    +{.} { }                            {note}
+    +{.} {}                             {transition}
+    +{}  {\SentenceSpace \PrintReviews} {review}
+}
+
+\BibSpec{report}{%
+    +{}  {\PrintPrimary}                {transition}
+    +{.} { \PrintDate}                  {date}
+    +{.} { \textit}                     {title}
+    +{.} { }                            {part}
+    +{:} { \textit}                     {subtitle}
+    +{,} { \PrintEdition}               {edition}
+    +{,} { \PrintContributions}         {contribution}
+    +{,} { Technical Report }           {number}
+    +{,} { }                            {series}
+    +{,} { }                            {organization}
+    +{,} { }                            {address}
+    +{,} { \eprint}                     {eprint}
+    +{,} { }                            {status}
+    +{}  { \parenthesize}               {language}
+    +{}  { \PrintTranslation}           {translation}
+    +{;} { \PrintReprint}               {reprint}
+    +{.} { }                            {note}
+    +{.} {}                             {transition}
+    +{}  {\SentenceSpace \PrintReviews} {review}
+}
+
+\BibSpec{thesis}{%
+    +{}  {\PrintAuthors}                {author}
+    +{.} { \PrintDate}                  {date}
+    +{.} { \textit}                     {title}
+    +{:} { \textit}                     {subtitle}
+    +{,} { \PrintThesisType}            {type}
+    +{,} { }                            {organization}
+    +{,} { }                            {address}
+    +{,} { \eprint}                     {eprint}
+    +{,} { }                            {status}
+    +{}  { \parenthesize}               {language}
+    +{}  { \PrintTranslation}           {translation}
+    +{;} { \PrintReprint}               {reprint}
+    +{.} { }                            {note}
+    +{.} {}                             {transition}
+    +{}  {\SentenceSpace \PrintReviews} {review}
+}
+\PopCatcodes
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `amsrefs.sty'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsthm.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsthm.sty
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..adc0add1a9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/amsthm.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,448 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `amsthm.sty',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% amsclass.dtx  (with options: `amsthm')
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @LaTeX-file{
+%%%   filename  = "amsclass.dtx",
+%%%   version   = "2.20",
+%%%   date      = "2004/08/06",
+%%%   time      = "13:03:53 EDT",
+%%%   checksum  = "53558 5204 20497 185872",
+%%%   author    = "American Mathematical Society",
+%%%   copyright = "Copyright 1995, 1999, 2004
+%%%                American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                all rights reserved.  Copying of this file is
+%%%                authorized only if either:
+%%%                (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy,
+%%%                including name; OR
+%%%                (2) if you do make changes, you first rename it
+%%%                to some other name.",
+%%%   address   = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                Technical Support,
+%%%                Publications Technical Group,
+%%%                201 Charles Street,
+%%%                Providence, RI 02904,
+%%%                USA",
+%%%   telephone = "401-455-4080 or (in the USA and Canada)
+%%%                800-321-4AMS (321-4267)",
+%%%   FAX       = "401-331-3842",
+%%%   email     = "tech-support@ams.org (Internet)",
+%%%   codetable = "ISO/ASCII",
+%%%   keywords  = "latex, AMS, documentclass, theorem",
+%%%   supported = "yes",
+%%%   abstract  = "This is the source for the amsthm package and three
+%%%                AMS document classes: amsart, amsproc, and amsbook.
+%%%                They are designed for use with LaTeX.",
+%%%   docstring = "The checksum field above contains a CRC-16 checksum
+%%%                as the first value, followed by the equivalent of
+%%%                the standard UNIX wc (word count) utility output of
+%%%                lines, words, and characters.  This is produced by
+%%%                Robert Solovay's checksum utility.",
+%%% }
+%%% ====================================================================
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}% LaTeX 2.09 can't be used (nor non-LaTeX)
+[1995/06/01]% LaTeX date must be June 1995 or later
+\ProvidesPackage{amsthm}[2004/08/06 v2.20]
+\let\@xp=\expandafter
+\let\@nx=\noexpand
+\def\@oparg#1[#2]{\@ifnextchar[{#1}{#1[#2]}}
+\long\def\@ifempty#1{\@xifempty#1@@..\@nil}
+\long\def\@xifempty#1#2@#3#4#5\@nil{%
+  \ifx#3#4\@xp\@firstoftwo\else\@xp\@secondoftwo\fi}
+\long\def\@ifnotempty#1{\@ifempty{#1}{}}
+\def\setboxz@h{\setbox\z@\hbox}
+\def\@addpunct#1{%
+  \relax\ifhmode
+    \ifnum\spacefactor>\@m \else#1\fi
+  \fi}
+\def\nopunct{\spacefactor 1007 }
+\def\frenchspacing{\sfcode`\.1006\sfcode`\?1005\sfcode`\!1004%
+  \sfcode`\:1003\sfcode`\;1002\sfcode`\,1001 }
+\DeclareOption*{\input{\CurrentOption .thm}}
+\ProcessOptions
+
+\newcommand{\theoremstyle}[1]{%
+  \@ifundefined{th@#1}{%
+    \PackageWarning{amsthm}{Unknown theoremstyle `#1'}%
+    \thm@style{plain}%
+  }{%
+    \thm@style{#1}%
+  }%
+}
+\newtoks\thm@style
+\thm@style{plain}
+\newtoks\thm@bodyfont  \thm@bodyfont{\itshape}
+\newtoks\thm@headfont  \thm@headfont{\bfseries}
+\newtoks\thm@notefont  \thm@notefont{}
+\newtoks\thm@headpunct \thm@headpunct{.}
+\newskip\thm@preskip \newskip\thm@postskip
+\def\thm@space@setup{%
+  \thm@preskip=\topsep \thm@postskip=\thm@preskip
+}
+\renewcommand{\newtheorem}{\@ifstar{\@xnthm *}{\@xnthm \relax}}
+\def\@xnthm#1#2{%
+  \let\@tempa\relax
+  \@xp\@ifdefinable\csname #2\endcsname{%
+    \global\@xp\let\csname end#2\endcsname\@endtheorem
+    \ifx *#1% unnumbered, need to get one more mandatory arg
+      \edef\@tempa##1{%
+        \gdef\@xp\@nx\csname#2\endcsname{%
+          \@nx\@thm{\@xp\@nx\csname th@\the\thm@style\endcsname}%
+            {}{##1}}}%
+    \else % numbered theorem, need to check for optional arg
+      \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@ynthm{#2}}[]}%
+    \fi
+  }%
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\@ynthm#1[#2]#3{%
+  \ifx\relax#2\relax
+    \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@xthm{#1}{#3}}[]}%
+  \else
+    \@ifundefined{c@#2}{%
+      \def\@tempa{\@nocounterr{#2}}%
+    }{%
+      \@xp\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@xp\@nx\csname the#2\endcsname}%
+      \toks@{#3}%
+      \@xp\xdef\csname#1\endcsname{%
+        \@nx\@thm{%
+          \let\@nx\thm@swap
+            \if S\thm@swap\@nx\@firstoftwo\else\@nx\@gobble\fi
+          \@xp\@nx\csname th@\the\thm@style\endcsname}%
+            {#2}{\the\toks@}}%
+      \let\@tempa\relax
+    }%
+  \fi
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\@xthm#1#2[#3]{%
+  \ifx\relax#3\relax
+    \newcounter{#1}%
+  \else
+    \newcounter{#1}[#3]%
+    \@xp\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@xp\@nx\csname the#3\endcsname
+      \@thmcountersep\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+  \fi
+  \toks@{#2}%
+  \@xp\xdef\csname#1\endcsname{%
+    \@nx\@thm{%
+      \let\@nx\thm@swap
+        \if S\thm@swap\@nx\@firstoftwo\else\@nx\@gobble\fi
+      \@xp\@nx\csname th@\the\thm@style\endcsname}%
+      {#1}{\the\toks@}}%
+}
+\def\@thm#1#2#3{%
+  \ifhmode\unskip\unskip\par\fi
+  \normalfont
+  \trivlist
+  \let\thmheadnl\relax
+  \let\thm@swap\@gobble
+  \thm@notefont{\fontseries\mddefault\upshape}%
+  \thm@headpunct{.}% add period after heading
+  \thm@headsep 5\p@ plus\p@ minus\p@\relax
+  \thm@space@setup
+  #1% style overrides
+  \@topsep \thm@preskip               % used by thm head
+  \@topsepadd \thm@postskip           % used by \@endparenv
+  \def\@tempa{#2}\ifx\@empty\@tempa
+    \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@begintheorem{#3}{}}[]}%
+  \else
+    \refstepcounter{#2}%
+    \def\@tempa{\@oparg{\@begintheorem{#3}{\csname the#2\endcsname}}[]}%
+  \fi
+  \@tempa
+}
+\def\@restorelabelsep{\relax}
+\let\@ythm\relax
+\let\thmname\@iden \let\thmnote\@iden \let\thmnumber\@iden
+\providecommand\@upn{\textup}
+\def\thmhead@plain#1#2#3{%
+  \thmname{#1}\thmnumber{\@ifnotempty{#1}{ }\@upn{#2}}%
+  \thmnote{ {\the\thm@notefont(#3)}}}
+\let\thmhead\thmhead@plain
+\def\swappedhead#1#2#3{%
+  \thmnumber{#2}%
+  \thmname{\@ifnotempty{#2}{~}#1}%
+  \thmnote{ {\the\thm@notefont(#3)}}}
+\let\swappedhead@plain=\swappedhead
+\let\thmheadnl\relax
+\let\thm@indent\noindent
+\let\thm@swap\@gobble
+\def\@begintheorem#1#2[#3]{%
+  \deferred@thm@head{\the\thm@headfont \thm@indent
+    \@ifempty{#1}{\let\thmname\@gobble}{\let\thmname\@iden}%
+    \@ifempty{#2}{\let\thmnumber\@gobble}{\let\thmnumber\@iden}%
+    \@ifempty{#3}{\let\thmnote\@gobble}{\let\thmnote\@iden}%
+    \thm@swap\swappedhead\thmhead{#1}{#2}{#3}%
+    \the\thm@headpunct
+    \thmheadnl % possibly a newline.
+    \hskip\thm@headsep
+  }%
+  \ignorespaces}
+\newskip\thm@headsep
+\thm@headsep=5pt plus1pt minus1pt\relax
+\let\adjust@parskip@nobreak=\@nbitem
+\newtoks\dth@everypar
+\dth@everypar={%
+  \@minipagefalse \global\@newlistfalse
+  \@noparitemfalse
+  \if@inlabel
+    \global\@inlabelfalse
+    \begingroup \setbox\z@\lastbox
+     \ifvoid\z@ \kern-\itemindent \fi
+    \endgroup
+    \unhbox\@labels
+  \fi
+  \if@nobreak \@nobreakfalse \clubpenalty\@M
+  \else \clubpenalty\@clubpenalty \everypar{}%
+  \fi
+}%
+\def\deferred@thm@head#1{%
+  \if@inlabel \indent \par \fi % eject a section head if one is pending
+  \if@nobreak
+    \adjust@parskip@nobreak
+  \else
+    \addpenalty\@beginparpenalty
+    \addvspace\@topsep
+    \addvspace{-\parskip}%
+  \fi
+  \global\@inlabeltrue
+  \everypar\dth@everypar
+  \sbox\@labels{\normalfont#1}%
+  \ignorespaces
+}
+\def\nonslanted{\relax
+  \@xp\let\@xp\@tempa\csname\f@shape shape\endcsname
+  \ifx\@tempa\itshape\upshape
+  \else\ifx\@tempa\slshape\upshape\fi\fi}
+\def\swapnumbers{\edef\thm@swap{\if S\thm@swap N\else S\fi}}
+\def\thm@swap{N}%
+\let\@opargbegintheorem\relax
+\def\th@plain{%
+%%  \let\thm@indent\noindent % no indent
+%%  \thm@headfont{\bfseries}% heading font is bold
+%%  \thm@notefont{}% same as heading font
+%%  \thm@headpunct{.}% add period after heading
+%%  \let\thm@swap\@gobble
+%%  \thm@preskip\topsep
+%%  \thm@postskip\theorempreskipamount
+  \itshape % body font
+}
+\def\th@definition{%
+  \normalfont % body font
+}
+\def\th@remark{%
+  \thm@headfont{\itshape}%
+  \normalfont % body font
+  \thm@preskip\topsep \divide\thm@preskip\tw@
+  \thm@postskip\thm@preskip
+}
+\def\@endtheorem{\endtrivlist\@endpefalse }
+\newcommand{\newtheoremstyle}[9]{%
+  \@ifempty{#5}{\dimen@\z@skip}{\dimen@#5\relax}%
+  \ifdim\dimen@=\z@
+    \toks@{#4\let\thm@indent\noindent}%
+  \else
+    \toks@{#4\def\thm@indent{\noindent\hbox to#5{}}}%
+  \fi
+  \def\@tempa{#8}\ifx\space\@tempa
+    \toks@\@xp{\the\toks@ \thm@headsep\fontdimen\tw@\font\relax}%
+  \else
+    \def\@tempb{\newline}%
+    \ifx\@tempb\@tempa
+      \toks@\@xp{\the\toks@ \thm@headsep\z@skip
+        \def\thmheadnl{\newline}}%
+    \else
+      \toks@\@xp{\the\toks@ \thm@headsep#8\relax}%
+    \fi
+  \fi
+  \begingroup
+  \thm@space@setup
+  \@defaultunits\@tempskipa#2\thm@preskip\relax\@nnil
+  \@defaultunits\@tempskipb#3\thm@postskip\relax\@nnil
+  \xdef\@gtempa{\thm@preskip\the\@tempskipa
+    \thm@postskip\the\@tempskipb\relax}%
+  \endgroup
+  \@temptokena\@xp{\@gtempa
+    \thm@headfont{#6}\thm@headpunct{#7}%
+  }%
+  \@ifempty{#9}{%
+    \let\thmhead\thmhead@plain
+  }{%
+    \@namedef{thmhead@#1}##1##2##3{#9}%
+    \@temptokena\@xp{\the\@temptokena
+      \@xp\let\@xp\thmhead\csname thmhead@#1\endcsname}%
+  }%
+  \@xp\xdef\csname th@#1\endcsname{\the\toks@ \the\@temptokena}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\qed}{%
+  \ifmmode \mathqed
+  \else
+    \leavevmode\unskip\penalty9999 \hbox{}\nobreak\hfill
+    \quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+  \fi
+}
+\let\QED@stack\@empty
+\let\qed@elt\relax
+\newcommand{\pushQED}[1]{%
+  \toks@{\qed@elt{#1}}\@temptokena\expandafter{\QED@stack}%
+  \xdef\QED@stack{\the\toks@\the\@temptokena}%
+}
+\newcommand{\popQED}{%
+  \begingroup\let\qed@elt\popQED@elt \QED@stack\relax\relax\endgroup
+}
+\def\popQED@elt#1#2\relax{#1\gdef\QED@stack{#2}}
+\newcommand{\qedhere}{%
+  \begingroup \let\mathqed\math@qedhere
+    \let\qed@elt\setQED@elt \QED@stack\relax\relax \endgroup
+}
+\newif\ifmeasuring@
+\newif\iffirstchoice@ \firstchoice@true
+\def\setQED@elt#1#2\relax{%
+  \ifmeasuring@
+  \else \iffirstchoice@ \gdef\QED@stack{\qed@elt{}#2}\fi
+  \fi
+  #1%
+}
+\def\qed@warning{%
+  \PackageWarning{amsthm}{The \@nx\qedhere command may not work
+    correctly here}%
+}
+\newcommand{\mathqed}{\quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}}
+\def\linebox@qed{\hfil\hbox{\qedsymbol}\hfilneg}
+\@ifpackageloaded{amsmath}{%
+  \def\math@qedhere{%
+    \@ifundefined{\@currenvir @qed}{%
+      \qed@warning\quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+    }{%
+      \@xp\aftergroup\csname\@currenvir @qed\endcsname
+    }%
+  }
+  \def\displaymath@qed{%
+    \relax
+    \ifmmode
+      \ifinner \aftergroup\linebox@qed
+      \else
+        \eqno
+        \let\eqno\relax \let\leqno\relax \let\veqno\relax
+        \hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+      \fi
+    \else
+       \aftergroup\linebox@qed
+    \fi
+  }
+  \@xp\let\csname equation*@qed\endcsname\displaymath@qed
+  \def\equation@qed{%
+    \iftagsleft@
+      \hbox{\phantom{\quad\qedsymbol}}%
+      \gdef\alt@tag{%
+        \rlap{\hbox to\displaywidth{\hfil\qedsymbol}}%
+        \global\let\alt@tag\@empty
+      }%
+    \else
+      \gdef\alt@tag{%
+        \global\let\alt@tag\@empty
+        \vtop{\ialign{\hfil####\cr
+                \tagform@\theequation\cr
+                \qedsymbol\cr}}%
+        \setbox\z@
+      }%
+    \fi
+  }
+  \def\qed@tag{%
+    \global\tag@true \nonumber
+    &\omit\setboxz@h {\strut@ \qedsymbol}\tagsleft@false
+    \place@tag@gather
+    \kern-\tabskip
+    \ifst@rred \else \global\@eqnswtrue \fi \global\advance\row@\@ne \cr
+  }
+  \def\split@qed{%
+    \def\endsplit{\crcr\egroup \egroup \ctagsplit@false \rendsplit@
+      \aftergroup\align@qed
+    }%
+  }
+  \def\align@qed{%
+    \ifmeasuring@ \tag*{\qedsymbol}%
+    \else \let\math@cr@@@\qed@tag
+    \fi
+  }
+  \@xp\let\csname align*@qed\endcsname\align@qed
+  \@xp\let\csname gather*@qed\endcsname\align@qed
+%% Needs some patching up for amsmath 1.2
+}{% end of amsmath branch, start plain LaTeX branch
+  \def\math@qedhere{%
+    \@ifundefined{\@currenvir @qed}{%
+      \qed@warning \aftergroup\displaymath@qed
+    }{%
+      \@xp\aftergroup\csname\@currenvir @qed\endcsname
+    }%
+  }
+  \def\displaymath@qed{%
+    \relax
+    \ifmmode
+      \ifinner \aftergroup\aftergroup\aftergroup\linebox@qed
+      \else
+        \eqno \def\@badmath{$$}%
+        \let\eqno\relax \let\leqno\relax \let\veqno\relax
+        \hbox{\qedsymbol}%
+      \fi
+    \else
+       \aftergroup\linebox@qed
+    \fi
+  }
+  \@ifundefined{ver@leqno.clo}{%
+    \def\equation@qed{\displaymath@qed \quad}%
+  }{%
+    \def\equation@qed{\displaymath@qed}%
+  }
+  \def\@tempa#1$#2#3\@nil{%
+    \def\[{#1$#2\def\@currenvir{displaymath}#3}%
+  }%
+  \expandafter\@tempa\[\@nil
+}
+\@ifpackageloaded{amstex}{%
+  \def\@tempa{TT}%
+}{%
+  \@ifpackageloaded{amsmath}{%
+    \def\@tempb#1 v#2.#3\@nil{#2}%
+    \ifnum\@xp\@xp\@xp\@tempb\csname ver@amsmath.sty\endcsname v0.0\@nil
+       <\tw@
+      \def\@tempa{TT}%
+    \else
+      \def\@tempa{TF}%
+    \fi
+  }{%
+    \def\@tempa{TF}
+  }%
+}
+\if\@tempa
+  \renewcommand{\math@qedhere}{\quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}}%
+\fi
+\newcommand{\openbox}{\leavevmode
+  \hbox to.77778em{%
+  \hfil\vrule
+  \vbox to.675em{\hrule width.6em\vfil\hrule}%
+  \vrule\hfil}}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\textsquare}{%
+  \begingroup \usefont{U}{msa}{m}{n}\thr@@\endgroup
+}
+\providecommand{\qedsymbol}{\openbox}
+\newenvironment{proof}[1][\proofname]{\par
+  \pushQED{\qed}%
+  \normalfont \topsep6\p@\@plus6\p@\relax
+  \trivlist
+  \item[\hskip\labelsep
+        \itshape
+    #1\@addpunct{.}]\ignorespaces
+}{%
+  \popQED\endtrivlist\@endpefalse
+}
+\providecommand{\proofname}{Proof}
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `amsthm.sty'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/ifoption.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/ifoption.sty
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7e6e9039dbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/ifoption.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `ifoption.sty',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% ifoption.dtx 
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @LaTeX-doc-source-file{
+%%%   filename  = "ifoption.dtx",
+%%%   version   = "1.02",
+%%%   date      = "2002/03/04",
+%%%   time      = "16:33:16 EST",
+%%%   author    = "Michael J Downes",
+%%%   address   = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                Publications Technical Group,
+%%%                PO Box 6248,
+%%%                Providence, RI 02940,
+%%%                USA",
+%%%   email     = "tech-support@ams.org",
+%%%   URL       = "http://www.ams.org/",
+%%%   abstract  = "",
+%%%   checksum  = "06695 170 563 5432",
+%%%   docstring = "The checksum field, produced by Robert Solovay's
+%%%                checksum utility, gives CRC-16 checksum, lines,
+%%%                words, and characters.",
+%%%  }
+%%% ====================================================================
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+\ProvidesPackage{ifoption}[2002/03/04 v1.02]
+\let\@xp\expandafter \let\@nx\noexpand
+\def\@True{00}
+\def\@False{01}
+\def\CurrentPackage{\@currname}
+\let\CurrentClass\CurrentPackage
+\newcommand{\IfOption}{}
+\def\IfPackageOption{\@ifpackagewith}
+\def\IfClassOption{\@ifclasswith}
+\def\IfOption{%
+  \ifx\@currext\@pkgextension \@xp\IfPackageOption
+  \else \@xp\IfClassOption
+  \fi
+  \@currname
+}
+\newcommand{\DeclareExclusiveOptions}[1]{%
+  \xdef\@declaredoptions{\@declaredoptions,#1}%
+  \gdef\ProcessExclusiveOptions{\relax}%
+  \@for\CurrOption:=#1\do{%
+    \@xp\deo@a\csname ds@\CurrOption\@xp\endcsname\@xp{\CurrOption}{#1}%
+  }%
+}
+\def\DeclareBooleanOption{\DeclareExclusiveOptions}
+\def\deo@a#1#2#3{%
+  \def#1{%
+    \g@addto@macro\ProcessExclusiveOptions{\OptionsFalseTrue{#3}{#2}}%
+  }%
+}
+\def\cull@options#1,{%
+  \@xp\ifx\csname ds@#1\@gobble\@percentchar\@empty\endcsname\@False
+  \else #1,\fi
+  \cull@options
+}
+
+\newcommand{\OptionsFalseTrue}[2]{%
+  \begingroup
+  \@for\CurrentOption:=#1\do{%
+    \@xp\let\csname ds@\CurrentOption\endcsname\@False
+  }%
+  \let\ds@\@False
+  \@xp\xdef\csname opt@\@currname.\@currext\endcsname{%
+    \@xp\@xp\@xp\cull@options\csname opt@\@currname.\@currext\endcsname
+      ,\@firstoftwo\@firstoftwo,#2%
+  }%
+  \endgroup
+}
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `ifoption.sty'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/mathscinet.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/mathscinet.sty
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..80ed5d99e57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/mathscinet.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `mathscinet.sty',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% mathscinet.dtx 
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @LaTeX-doc-source-file{
+%%%   filename  = "mathscinet.dtx",
+%%%   version   = "2.01",
+%%%   date      = "2004/06/30",
+%%%   time      = "12:00:17 EDT",
+%%%   author    = "Michael J Downes and David M. Jones",
+%%%   address   = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                Publications Technical Group,
+%%%                PO Box 6248,
+%%%                Providence, RI 02940,
+%%%                USA",
+%%%   email     = "tech-support@ams.org",
+%%%   URL       = "http://www.ams.org/",
+%%%   abstract  = "",
+%%%   checksum  = "34681 595 2175 20194",
+%%%   docstring = "The checksum field, produced by Robert Solovay's
+%%%                checksum utility, gives CRC-16 checksum, lines,
+%%%                words, and characters.",
+%%%  }
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%%
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+\ProvidesPackage{mathscinet}[2002/04/17 v1.05]
+\RequirePackage{textcmds}\relax
+\providecommand\setboxz@h{\setbox\z@\hbox}
+\providecommand{\bold}{\mathbf}
+\providecommand{\scr}{\mathcal}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+    \@ifundefined{mathfrak}{%
+        \providecommand{\germ}{%
+            \PackageError{mathscinet}{To use the \string\germ\space
+                command, please load the amsfonts package}\@ehc
+        }%
+    }{%
+        \providecommand{\germ}{\mathfrak}%
+    }%
+}
+\providecommand{\romsup}{\tsup}
+\providecommand{\asup}{\tsup}
+\AtBeginDocument{\providecommand{\hslash}{\hbar}}
+\ProvideTextCommandDefault{\rasp}{\leavevmode\raise.45ex\hbox{$\rhook$}}
+\ProvideTextCommandDefault{\lasp}{\leavevmode\raise.45ex\hbox{$\lhook$}}
+\ProvideTextCommand{\Dbar}{T1}{\DJ}
+
+\ProvideTextCommandDefault{\Dbar}{%
+    \leavevmode\lower.5ex\rlap{\hskip-.07em\accent"16}D%
+}
+\ProvideTextCommand{\dbar}{T1}{\dj}
+\ProvideTextCommandDefault{\dbar}{%
+    \begingroup
+        \edef\@tempa{\scdefault}%
+        \ifx\@tempa\f@shape
+            \dimen@-.75ex
+            \dimen@i-.08em
+        \else
+            \dimen@.02ex
+            \dimen@i.1em
+        \fi
+        \leavevmode\raise\dimen@\rlap{\hskip\dimen@i\char"16}d%
+    \endgroup
+}
+\ProvideTextCommandDefault{\cprime}{\tprime}
+\ProvideTextCommandDefault{\cdprime}{\tprime\tprime}
+\ProvideTextCommandDefault{\bud}{\cdprime}
+\ProvideTextCommandDefault{\cydot}{\leavevmode\raise.4ex\hbox{.}}
+\def\save@sf{%
+    \ifmmode\else\global\mathchardef\accent@spacefactor\spacefactor\fi
+}
+\def\restore@sf{\ifmmode\else\spacefactor\accent@spacefactor\fi}
+\def\@underaccent#1#2#3{%
+    \leavevmode
+    \begingroup
+        \ifmmode\let\@mathtoggle$\else\let\@mathtoggle\relax\fi
+        \setboxz@h{\@mathtoggle#3\save@sf\@mathtoggle}%
+        \setbox\@ne\hb@xt@\wd\z@{%
+            \hss\fontshape\updefault\rmfamily#1\char#2\hss
+        }%
+        \dimen@\ht\@ne
+        \advance\dimen@\dp\z@
+        \advance\dimen@.2ex
+        \setboxz@h{\lower\dimen@\rlap{\copy\@ne}\unhbox\z@}%
+        \ifdim\ht\@ne>1ex
+            \advance\dimen@-1.2ex
+            \dp\z@\dimen@
+        \fi
+        \box\z@
+        \restore@sf
+    \endgroup
+}
+\DeclareTextCommandDefault{\utilde}{\@underaccent\@empty{`\~}}
+\DeclareTextCommandDefault{\uarc}{\@underaccent\@empty{'025}}
+\DeclareTextCommandDefault{\lfhook}{\@underaccent\supsize{`\,}}
+\DeclareTextCommandDefault{\dudot}{\@underaccent\@empty{'177}}
+\DeclareTextCommandDefault{\udot}{\d}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\polhk}{OT4}{\k}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\polhk}{T1}{\k}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\polhk}{OT1}[1]{\TextSymbolUnavailable{\k{#1}}#1}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT1}{a}{\msc@ogonek {.6}{.07} a}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT1}{A}{\msc@ogonek {.6}{.07} A}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT1}{e}{\msc@ogonek   0 {.06} e}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT1}{E}{\msc@ogonek{.35}{.07} E}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT1}{i}{\msc@ogonek {.2}{.07} i}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT1}{I}{\msc@ogonek {.2}{.07} I}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT1}{u}{\msc@ogonek {.6}{.07} u}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT1}{U}{\msc@ogonek   0 {.05} U}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT1}{o}{\msc@ogonek   0 {.07} o}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT1}{O}{\msc@ogonek   0 {.05} O}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{T1}{i}{\msc@ogonek@a   0  i}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{T1}{I}{\msc@ogonek@a   0  I}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{T1}{u}{\msc@ogonek@a {.6} u}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{T1}{U}{\msc@ogonek@a   0  U}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{T1}{o}{\msc@ogonek@a   0  o}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{T1}{O}{\msc@ogonek@a   0  O}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT4}{i}{\msc@ogonek {.2}{.07} i}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT4}{I}{\msc@ogonek {.2}{.07} I}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT4}{u}{\msc@ogonek {.6}{.07} u}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT4}{U}{\msc@ogonek   0 {.05} U}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT4}{o}{\msc@ogonek   0 {.07} o}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\polhk}{OT4}{O}{\msc@ogonek   0 {.05} O}
+\def\msc@ogonek#1#2#3{%
+    \begingroup
+        \setboxz@h{#3\save@sf}%
+        \dimen@\wd\z@
+        \ooalign{%
+            \unhbox\z@\crcr
+            \hidewidth
+                \setboxz@h{\kern#1\dimen@\supsize$\lhook$}%
+                \dimen@\ht\z@
+                \advance\dimen@-#2ex\relax
+                \lower\dimen@\box\z@
+            \hidewidth
+        }%
+        \restore@sf
+    \endgroup
+}
+\def\msc@ogonek@a#1#2{%
+    \begingroup
+        \ooalign{%
+            #2\save@sf\crcr
+            \hidewidth
+                \raise0.02ex\hbox{\kern#1ex\char'014}%
+            \hidewidth
+        }%
+        \restore@sf
+    \endgroup
+}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\soft}{OT4}{\v}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\soft}{T1}{\v}
+\DeclareTextCommand{\soft}{OT1}{\v}
+
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\soft}{OT1}{t}{\msc@soft{t}\@ne{.5ex}}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\soft}{OT1}{d}{\msc@soft{d}{.925}{.95ex}}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\soft}{OT1}{l}{\msc@soft{l}{.95}{.4ex}}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\soft}{OT1}{L}{\msc@soft{L}{.975}{.8ex}}
+
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\soft}{OT4}{t}{\msc@soft{t}\@ne{.5ex}}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\soft}{OT4}{d}{\msc@soft{d}{.925}{.95ex}}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\soft}{OT4}{l}{\msc@soft{l}{.95}{.4ex}}
+\DeclareTextCompositeCommand{\soft}{OT4}{L}{\msc@soft{L}{.975}{.8ex}}
+\def\msc@soft#1#2#3{%
+    \leavevmode
+    \begingroup
+        \setboxz@h{#1}%
+        \raise#2\ht\z@\rlap{\kern#3\supsize,}\unhbox\z@
+    \endgroup
+}
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `mathscinet.sty'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/pcatcode.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/pcatcode.sty
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a9431543c5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/pcatcode.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `pcatcode.sty',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% pcatcode.dtx 
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @LaTeX-doc-source-file{
+%%%   filename  = "pcatcode.dtx",
+%%%   version   = "1.04",
+%%%   date      = "2002/04/16",
+%%%   time      = "09:20:52 EDT",
+%%%   author    = "Michael J Downes",
+%%%   copyright = "Copyright 2001 American Mathematical Society",
+%%%   address   = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                Publications Technical Group,
+%%%                PO Box 6248,
+%%%                Providence, RI 02940,
+%%%                USA",
+%%%   email     = "tech-support@ams.org",
+%%%   URL       = "http://www.ams.org/",
+%%%   abstract  = "The pcatcode package changes LaTeX package loading
+%%%                internals so that all subsequently loaded packages
+%%%                can rely on having normal catcodes in effect.",
+%%%   license   = "Artistic",
+%%%   checksum  = "25118 359 1469 13319",
+%%%   docstring = "The checksum field, produced by Robert Solovay's
+%%%                checksum utility, gives CRC-16 checksum, lines,
+%%%                words, and characters.",
+%%%  }
+%%% ====================================================================
+\begingroup\let\e\endlinechar\iffalse\
+\fi\chardef\E\e\e13\chardef\n\catcode\e\catcode\e5\relax\relax
+\chardef\s\catcode32\chardef\t10\catcode32\t
+\chardef\c\catcode37 \catcode37 14 % percent
+\chardef\=\catcode61 \catcode61 12 % equal sign
+\chardef\l=\catcode123 \catcode123=1 % left brace
+\chardef\r=\catcode125 \catcode125=2 % right brace
+\chardef\[=\catcode91 \catcode91=12 % left bracket
+\chardef\]=\catcode93 \catcode93=12 % right bracket
+\chardef\^=\catcode94 \catcode94=7 % hat
+\chardef\.=\catcode46 \catcode46=12 % period
+\chardef\/=\catcode47 \catcode47=12 % slash
+\edef\c{%
+  \endgroup
+  \def\noexpand\pcat@restore{%
+    \catcode\number\e=\number\n \catcode32=\number\s
+    \catcode123=\number\l \catcode125=\number\r
+    \catcode37=\number\c \catcode61=\number\=%
+    \catcode91=\number\[\catcode93=\number\]\catcode94=\number\^%
+    \catcode46=\number\.\catcode47=\number\/%
+    \endlinechar=\number\E \relax
+  }%
+}
+\c
+\endlinechar13\catcode13\string=5\relax\relax
+\catcode32\string=10 \catcode37 14\relax\relax
+\catcode61 12\catcode123=1\catcode125=2\catcode91=12\catcode93=12\relax
+\catcode46=12\catcode47=12\catcode94=7\relax
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+\ProvidesPackage{pcatcode}[2002/04/16 v1.04]
+\def\NormalCatcodes{%
+  \endlinechar=13%
+  \catcode33=12\catcode34=12\catcode35=6\catcode36=3\catcode37=14%
+  \catcode38=4\catcode39=12\catcode40=12\catcode41=12\catcode42=12%
+  \catcode43=12\catcode44=12\catcode45=12\catcode46=12\catcode47=12%
+  \catcode58=12\catcode59=12\catcode60=12\catcode61=12\catcode62=12%
+  \catcode63=12\catcode91=12\catcode92=0\catcode93=12\catcode94=7%
+  \catcode95=8\catcode96=12\catcode123=1\catcode124=12\catcode125=2%
+  \catcode126=13\catcode32=10\catcode13=5\catcode9=10\catcode10=12%
+  \relax
+}
+\def\CatcodeStack{}
+\begingroup \escapechar=\m@ne \let\s\string
+\xdef\pcat@otherchars{%
+  \s\!\s\"\s\#\s\$\s\%\s\&\s\'\s\(\s\)\s\*\s +\s\,\s\-\s\.\s\/\s\:%
+  \s\;\s\<\s\=\s\>\s\?\s\[\s\\\s\]\s\^\s\_\s\`\s\{\s\|\s\}\s\~%
+}
+\endgroup
+\gdef\PushCatcodes{%
+  \xdef\CatcodeStack{%
+    \expandafter\PushCat@a\pcat@otherchars\ \
+    \^^I\^^J{T \@gobbletwo}\@empty
+    \relax
+    {\CatcodeStack}}%
+}
+\def\PushCat@a#1{\catcode\number`#1=\number\catcode`#1 \PushCat@a}
+\PushCatcodes \NormalCatcodes
+\def\PopCatcodes{\expandafter\PopCat@a\CatcodeStack}
+\def\PopCat@a#1#{#1\xdef\CatcodeStack}
+\def\CCSdo#1{ (\string#1\@iden{:\number\catcode`#1)\CCSdo}}
+\def\CurrentCatcodesSubset{%
+  \romannumeral 0\CCSdo\^^I\^^J\^^L\^^M\ \!\"\#\$\%\&\'\(\)\*+\,\-\.\/\:\;\<\=\>\?\@\[\\\]\^\_\`\{\|\}{\~\@gobbletwo}:\number\catcode`\~)%
+}
+\begingroup\pcat@restore
+\begingroup
+\catcode`\3="3 \catcode`\4="4 \catcode`\7="7 \catcode`\8="8
+\catcode`\A="A \catcode`\B="B \catcode`\C="C \catcode`\D="D
+\gdef\fls@let#1#2{%
+  \ifx\@@undefined#1\else\errmessage{\string#1 already defined}\fi
+  \begingroup
+  \lccode`\3=`#2\lccode`\7=`#2\lccode`\8=`#2%
+  \lccode`\B=`#2\lccode`\C=`#2\lccode`\D=`#2\relax
+  \ifnum\catcode`#2=\active
+    \def\do##1{\noexpand\do\noexpand##1\noexpand}%
+    \lowercase{%
+      \xdef\fls@active@characters{%
+        \fls@active@characters
+        \do#1D}%
+    }%
+  \fi
+  \aftergroup\global \aftergroup\let \aftergroup#1\aftergroup=%
+  \lowercase{\aftergroup} %
+  \lowercase{\expandafter\endgroup
+    \ifcase\catcode`#2 %
+      0\or \bgroup\or \egroup\or 3\or 4\or 5\or 6\or 7\or 8\or 9\or
+      \@sptoken\or B\or C\else D\fi
+  }%
+}
+\endgroup
+\gdef\FutureLetSetup{%
+  \gdef\fls@active@characters{}%
+  \fls@let\dl@@space\ %
+  \fls@let\dl@@exclam\!%
+  \fls@let\dl@@dblquote\"%
+  \fls@let\dl@@hash\#%
+  \fls@let\dl@@dollar\$%
+  \fls@let\dl@@ampersand\&%
+  \fls@let\dl@@rquote\'%
+  \fls@let\dl@@lparen\(%
+  \fls@let\dl@@rparen\)%
+  \fls@let\dl@@star\*%
+  \fls@let\dl@@plus\+%
+  \fls@let\dl@@comma\,%
+  \fls@let\dl@@hyphen\-%
+  \fls@let\dl@@period\.%
+  \fls@let\dl@@slash\/%
+  \fls@let\dl@@colon\:%
+  \fls@let\dl@@semicolon\;%
+  \fls@let\dl@@less\<%
+  \fls@let\dl@@equal\=%
+  \fls@let\dl@@greater\>%
+  \fls@let\dl@@question\?%
+  \fls@let\dl@@lbracket\[%
+  \fls@let\dl@@rbracket\]%
+  \fls@let\dl@@hat\^%
+  \fls@let\dl@@underscore\_%
+  \fls@let\dl@@lquote\`%
+  \fls@let\dl@@lbrace\{%
+  \fls@let\dl@@vert\|%
+  \fls@let\dl@@rbrace\}%
+  \fls@let\dl@@tilde\~%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{\FutureLetSetup}
+\gdef\FutureLetReset{%
+  \def\do##1##2{\let##1= ##2}%
+  \fls@active@characters
+  \let\do\relax
+}
+\endgroup
+\endinput \PopCatcodes\pcat@restore
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `pcatcode.sty'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/rkeyval.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/rkeyval.sty
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..48ae11173e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/rkeyval.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,454 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `rkeyval.sty',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% rkeyval.dtx 
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @LaTeX-doc-source-file{
+%%%   filename  = "rkeyval.dtx",
+%%%   version   = "2.00",
+%%%   date      = "2004/06/28",
+%%%   time      = "15:19:29 EDT",
+%%%   author    = "Michael J Downes and David M. Jones",
+%%%   address   = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                Publications Technical Group,
+%%%                PO Box 6248,
+%%%                Providence, RI 02940,
+%%%                USA",
+%%%   email     = "tech-support@ams.org",
+%%%   URL       = "http://www.ams.org/",
+%%%   abstract  = "Key-value scanning functions with more restrictive
+%%%                syntax than the standard keyval package. This permits
+%%%                some improvements in the error-checking.",
+%%%   checksum  = "44721 1116 3178 30537",
+%%%   docstring = "The checksum field, produced by Robert Solovay's
+%%%                checksum utility, gives CRC-16 checksum, lines,
+%%%                words, and characters.",
+%%%  }
+%%% ====================================================================
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+\ProvidesPackage{rkeyval}[2004/05/05 v1.08]
+\let\@xp\expandafter
+\let\@nx\noexpand
+\long\def\@gobblethree#1#2#3{}
+\long\def\@nilgobble#1\@nil{}
+\@ifundefined{@emptytoks}{\csname newtoks\endcsname\@emptytoks}{}
+\@ifundefined{@temptokenb}{\csname newtoks\endcsname\@temptokenb}{}
+\def\@append#1#2#3{\@xp\def\@xp#2\@xp{#2#1{#3}}}
+\def\star@#1#2{%
+    \def\star@a##1{#1}%
+    \def\star@b{#1{#2}}%
+    \futurelet\@let@token\star@test
+}
+
+\def\star@test{\ifx*\@let@token \let\star@b\star@a\fi \star@b}
+\@ifundefined{NormalCatcodes}{\RequirePackage{pcatcode}\relax}{}
+\PushCatcodes\NormalCatcodes
+\def\extract@group#1{%
+    \@xp\extract@group@a\string#1\@nil
+}
+\def\extract@group@a#1#2'{#2\@nilgobble}
+\def\set@property#1{%
+    \begingroup
+        \edef\@tempa{\extract@group#1}%
+        \edef\@tempa{%
+            \@nx\@append\@nx#1\@xp\@nx\csname \@tempa,aux\endcsname
+        }%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\get@property#1#2{%
+    \get@nth@property#1#2\m@ne
+}
+\def\get@nth@property#1#2#3{%
+    \begingroup
+        \edef\@tempa{\extract@group#2}%
+        \@tempcnta#3\relax
+        \@tempcntb\z@
+        \@xp\scan@properties\@xp#2\csname \@tempa,aux\endcsname
+        \edef\@tempa{\def\@nx#1{\@tempa}}%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\scan@properties#1#2{%
+    \begingroup
+        \def\@tempa{#1}%
+        \let\@tempc\@empty
+        \@xp\find@property #2 \@nil\@nil
+        \edef\@tempa{\def\@nx\@tempa{\@tempc}}%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\find@property#1#2{%
+    \ifx\@nil#1%
+    \else
+        \def\@tempb{#1}%
+        \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+            \ifnum\@tempcnta<\z@
+                \def\@tempc{#2}%
+            \else
+                \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+                \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcnta
+                    \def\@tempc{#2}%
+                \fi
+            \fi
+        \fi
+        \@xp\find@property
+    \fi
+}
+\def\reset@property#1#2{%
+    \reset@nth@property#1\m@ne{#2}%
+}
+\def\reset@nth@property#1#2#3{%
+    \begingroup
+        \edef\@tempa{\extract@group#1}%
+        \@tempcnta#2\relax
+        \@temptokena{#3}%
+        \toks@\@emptytoks
+        \@tempcntb\z@
+        \@xp\reset@scan\@xp#1\csname \@tempa,aux\endcsname
+        \edef\@tempa{%
+            \def\@xp\@nx\csname \@tempa,aux\endcsname{\the\toks@}%
+        }%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\reset@scan#1#2{%
+    \begingroup
+        \def\@tempa{#1}%
+        \@xp\reset@scan@a #2 \@nil\@nil
+        \edef\@tempa{\toks@{\the\toks@}}%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\def\reset@scan@a#1#2{%
+    \ifx\@nil#1%
+    \else
+        \def\@tempb{#1}%
+        \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+            \ifnum\@tempcnta<\z@
+                \@temptokenb\@temptokena
+            \else
+                \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+                \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcnta
+                    \@temptokenb\@temptokena
+                \fi
+            \fi
+        \else
+            \@temptokenb{#2}%
+        \fi
+        \edef\@tempb{%
+            \toks@{\the\toks@ \@nx#1{\the\@temptokenb}}%
+        }%
+        \@tempb
+        \@xp\reset@scan@a
+    \fi
+}
+\def\fsa@l{\futurelet\@let@token\fsa@t}
+\def\fsa@b{\afterassignment\fsa@l \let\@let@token= }
+\def\fsa@c#1{\aftergroup#1\fsa@l}
+\let\fsa@n\@empty
+\let\fsa@t\@empty
+\newtoks\rsk@toks
+\def\rkvIfEmpty#1#2{%
+    \@xp\ifx\csname#1'#2\endcsname\@empty
+        \@xp\@firstoftwo
+    \else
+        \@xp\@secondoftwo
+    \fi
+}
+\def\rkvIfAdditive#1{%
+    \@xp\let\@xp\@let@token \csname \rkv@setter#1\endcsname
+    \afterassignment\@nilgobble
+    \@xp\let\@xp\@let@token \@let@token \@empty\@empty\@nil
+    \ifx\@let@token\DSK@append
+        \@xp\@firstoftwo
+    \else
+        \@xp\@secondoftwo
+    \fi
+}
+\def\rkv@setter#1{set:\@xp\@gobble\string#1}
+\def\rkv@DSAK#1#2{%
+    \addto@group@reset#1{\let#1\@empty}%
+    \edef\@tempa{\def\csname \rkv@setter#1\endcsname}%
+    \@tempa{#2#1}%
+}
+\def\rkv@DDK#1{%
+    \addto@group@reset#1{\def#1{\@empty}}%
+    \@xp\let\csname \rkv@setter#1\endcsname\@gobble
+}
+\def\DSK@def#1{%
+    \ifx#1\@empty\else
+        \PackageWarningNoLine{rkeyval}%
+            {Key \string#1 should not be repeated}%
+    \fi
+    \DSK@redef#1%
+}
+\def\DSK@redef#1#2{%
+    \@ifempty{#2}{\@gobble}{%
+        \def#1{#2}%
+        \set@property#1
+    }%
+}
+\def\init@group@reset#1{%
+    \begingroup
+        \edef\@tempb{\@xp\@nx\csname #1@reset\endcsname}%
+        \@xp\ifx\@tempb\relax
+            \@xp\xdef\@tempb{\let \csname #1,aux\endcsname\@nx\@empty}
+        \fi
+    \endgroup
+}
+\def\addto@group@reset#1{%
+    \begingroup
+        \edef\@tempa{\extract@group#1}%
+        \init@group@reset\@tempa
+        \edef\@tempa{%
+            \@nx\g@addto@macro\@xp\@nx\csname\@tempa @reset\endcsname
+        }%
+    \@xp\endgroup
+    \@tempa
+}
+\newcommand{\DefineSimpleKey}[2]{%
+    \@xp\rkv@DSAK
+        \csname #1'#2\endcsname
+        {\DSK@def}%
+}
+\newcommand{\DefineSupersedingKey}[2]{%
+    \@xp\rkv@DSAK
+        \csname #1'#2\endcsname
+        {\DSK@redef}%
+}
+\newcommand{\DefineAdditiveKey}[3]{%
+    \@xp\rkv@DSAK
+        \csname #1'#2\endcsname
+        {\DSK@append#3}%
+}
+\def\DSK@append#1#2#3{%
+    \@ifempty{#3}{\@gobble}{%
+        \@append#1#2{#3}%
+        \set@property#2
+    }%
+}
+\newcommand{\DefineDummyKey}[2]{%
+    \@xp\rkv@DDK \csname #1'#2\endcsname
+}
+\newcommand{\RestrictedSetKeys}[3]{%
+    \global\rsk@toks\@xp{\csname #2@reset\endcsname}%
+    \def\rsk@finish{#3}%
+    \gdef\rsk@set{\@xp\rsk@set@a\csname#2'}%
+    #1\relax
+    \begingroup
+        \rsk@changecase
+        \aftergroup\rsk@set
+        \let\fsa@t\rsk@z
+        \fsa@l
+}
+\def\rsk@unknown@key#1{%
+    \PackageWarning{rkeyval}{Unknown key: \string#1}%
+    \@xp\def\csname\rkv@setter#1\endcsname {\DSK@redef#1}%
+}
+\def\rsk@z{%
+    \ifx\bgroup\@let@token
+        \let\fsa@t\rsk@b
+        \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+    \else
+        \ifx\@sptoken\@let@token
+            \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+        \else
+            \rsk@errf
+        \fi
+    \fi
+    \fsa@n
+}
+\def\rsk@a{%
+    \ifx\@let@token\@sptoken
+        \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+    \else
+        \ifx\@let@token\par
+            \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+        \else
+            \ifx,\@let@token
+                \endgroup
+                \let\fsa@t\rsk@b
+                \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+            \else
+                \ifx\egroup\@let@token
+                    \endgroup
+                    \let\fsa@n\rsk@end
+                \else
+                    \endgroup
+                    \let\fsa@n\rsk@erraa
+                \fi
+            \fi
+        \fi
+    \fi
+    \fsa@n
+}
+\def\rsk@b{%
+    \ifcat\@nx\@let@token A%
+        \let\fsa@t\rsk@c
+        \let\fsa@n\fsa@c
+    \else
+        \ifx\@sptoken\@let@token
+            \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+        \else
+            \rsk@bb
+        \fi
+    \fi
+    \fsa@n
+}
+\def\rsk@bb{%
+    \ifx,\@let@token
+        \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+    \else
+        \ifx\bgroup\@let@token
+            \let\fsa@n\rsk@errb
+        \else
+            \ifx\egroup\@let@token
+                \let\fsa@n\rsk@end
+            \else
+                \ifx\par\@let@token
+                    \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+                \else
+                    \let\fsa@n\rsk@errc
+                \fi
+            \fi
+        \fi
+    \fi
+}
+\def\rsk@c{%
+    \ifcat\@nx\@let@token A%
+        \let\fsa@n\fsa@c
+    \else
+        \ifx\@sptoken\@let@token
+            \let\fsa@t\rsk@d
+            \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+        \else
+            \ifx=\@let@token
+                \let\saw@equal T%
+                \let\fsa@t\rsk@d
+                \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+            \else
+                \rsk@cb
+            \fi
+        \fi
+    \fi
+    \fsa@n
+}
+\def\rsk@cb{%
+    \ifx,\@let@token
+        \let\fsa@n\rsk@errc
+    \else
+        \ifcat\@nx\@let@token .%
+            \let\fsa@n\fsa@c
+        \else
+            \ifx\bgroup\@let@token
+                \let\fsa@n\rsk@noequal
+            \else
+                \ifx\egroup\@let@token
+                    \let\fsa@n\rsk@noequal
+                \else
+                    \let\fsa@n\rsk@errc
+                \fi
+            \fi
+        \fi
+    \fi
+}
+\let\saw@equal=F
+\def\rsk@d{%
+    \ifx\bgroup\@let@token
+        \ifx\saw@equal T%
+            \aftergroup\endcsname
+            \rsk@endcase
+            \let\fsa@n\endgroup
+        \else
+            \let\saw@equal T%
+            \let\fsa@n\rsk@noequal
+        \fi
+    \else
+        \ifx\@sptoken\@let@token
+            \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+        \else
+            \ifx=\@let@token
+                \let\saw@equal T%
+                \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+            \else
+                \let\fsa@n\rsk@erre
+            \fi
+        \fi
+    \fi
+    \fsa@n
+}
+\def\rsk@casesensitive{%
+    \let\rsk@changecase\@empty
+    \let\rsk@endcase\@empty
+}
+\def\rsk@startlc{\aftergroup\lowercase\aftergroup{\iffalse}\fi}
+\def\rsk@endlc{\iffalse{\fi\aftergroup}}
+\def\rsk@lowercase{%
+    \let\rsk@changecase\rsk@startlc
+    \let\rsk@endcase\rsk@endlc
+}
+\rsk@lowercase
+\def\rsk@resume{%
+    \begingroup
+        \rsk@changecase
+        \aftergroup\rsk@set
+        \let\fsa@t\rsk@a
+        \begingroup
+            \catcode\endlinechar=\active
+            \lccode`\~=\endlinechar
+            \lowercase{\let~\par}%
+            \fsa@l
+}
+\def\rsk@set@a#1#2{%
+    \star@{\rsk@set@b#1{#2}}{}%
+}
+\def\rsk@set@b#1#2#3{%
+    \@xp\ifx \csname\rkv@setter#1\endcsname \relax
+        \rsk@unknown@key#1%
+    \fi
+    \edef\@tempa{\@xp\@nx\csname \rkv@setter#1\endcsname}%
+    \toks@\@xp{\@tempa{#2}{#3}}%
+    \edef\@tempa{%
+        \global\rsk@toks{\the\rsk@toks \the\toks@}%
+    }%
+    \@tempa
+    \rsk@resume
+}
+\def\rsk@end{%
+        \global\let\rsk@set\rsk@terminate
+        \rsk@endcase
+    \endgroup
+    \endcsname
+    \afterassignment\rsk@finish
+    \toks@\bgroup
+}
+\def\rsk@terminate{\@xp\@gobble\csname}
+\def\NoCommaWarning{\PackageWarning{rkeyval}{Missing comma}}%
+%%  %    \begin{macro}{\NoCommaError}
+%%  %    \begin{macrocode}
+%%  \def\NoCommaError{\rsk@err{Missing comma}\@ehc}
+%%  %    \end{macrocode}
+%%  %    \end{macro}
+\def\rsk@nocomma{\NoCommaWarning}
+\def\rsk@err{\PackageError{rkeyval}}
+\def\rsk@errf{\rsk@err{Missing open brace}\@ehc\rsk@b}
+\long\def\rsk@erraa{\rsk@nocomma \let\fsa@t\rsk@b \fsa@l}
+\def\rsk@errb{\rsk@err{Missing key name}\@ehc\rsk@d}
+\def\rsk@errc{\rsk@err{Invalid key name character}\@ehc\fsa@b}
+\def\rsk@noequal{\rsk@err{Missing equal sign}\@ehc\rsk@d}
+\def\rsk@erre#1,{%
+        \rsk@err{Missing open brace for key value}\@ehc
+        \iffalse{\fi
+    \endgroup
+    \endcsname
+    \rsk@endcase }{#1},%
+}
+\PopCatcodes
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `rkeyval.sty'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/rkvbeta.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/rkvbeta.sty
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..693ad698a91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/rkvbeta.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `rkeyval.sty',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% rkeyval.dtx 
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @LaTeX-doc-source-file{
+%%%   filename  = "rkeyval.dtx",
+%%%   version   = "1.02",
+%%%   date      = "2000/04/07",
+%%%   time      = "12:01:25 EDT",
+%%%   author    = "Michael J Downes",
+%%%   address   = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                Publications Technical Group,
+%%%                PO Box 6248,
+%%%                Providence, RI 02940,
+%%%                USA",
+%%%   email     = "tech-support@ams.org",
+%%%   URL       = "http://www.ams.org/",
+%%%   abstract  = "Key-value scanning functions with more restrictive
+%%%                syntax than the standard keyval package. This permits
+%%%                some improvements in the error-checking.",
+%%%   checksum  = "41751 427 1502 13407",
+%%%   docstring = "The checksum field, produced by Robert Solovay's
+%%%                checksum utility, gives CRC-16 checksum, lines,
+%%%                words, and characters.",
+%%%  }
+%%% ====================================================================
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+\ProvidesPackage{rkvbeta}[2000/04/07 v1.02]
+\let\@xp\expandafter \let\@nx\noexpand
+\def\@append#1#2#3{\@xp\def\@xp#2\@xp{#2#1{#3}}}
+\edef\@tempa{%
+  \@nx\AtEndOfPackage{\catcode\number`\'=\number\catcode`\'\relax}%
+}
+\@tempa
+\catcode`\'=12
+\def\fsa@l{\futurelet\@let@token\fsa@t}
+\def\fsa@b{\afterassignment\fsa@l \let\@let@token= }
+\def\fsa@c#1{\aftergroup#1\futurelet\@let@token\fsa@t}
+\let\fsa@n\@empty
+\let\fsa@t\@empty
+\def\rkvIfEmpty#1#2{%
+  \@xp\ifx\csname#1'#2\endcsname\@empty \@xp\@firstoftwo
+  \else\@xp\@secondoftwo
+  \fi
+}
+\def\rkv@DSAK#1#2{%
+  \ifx\relax#1\global\let#1\@empty\fi
+  \g@addto@macro#1{\let#2\@empty}%
+  \def#2%
+}
+\def\rkv@DDK#1#2{%
+  \ifx\relax#1\global\let#1\@empty\fi
+  \g@addto@macro#1{\def#2{\@empty}}%
+  \def#2%
+}
+\newcommand{\DefineSimpleKey}[2]{%
+  \@xp\rkv@DSAK\csname #1@init\@xp\endcsname
+    \csname #1'#2\endcsname{\DSK@def}%
+}
+\newcommand{\DefineSupersedingKey}[2]{%
+  \@xp\rkv@DSAK\csname #1@init\@xp\endcsname
+    \csname #1'#2\endcsname{\def}%
+}
+\def\DSK@def#1{%
+  \ifx#1\@empty\else
+    \PackageWarningNoLine{rkeyval}%
+      {Key \string#1 should not be repeated}%
+  \fi
+  \def#1%
+}
+\newcommand{\DefineAdditiveKey}[3]{%
+  \@xp\rkv@DSAK\csname #1@init\@xp\endcsname \csname #1'#2\endcsname
+    {\@append#3}%
+}
+\newcommand{\DefineDummyKey}[2]{%
+  \@xp\rkv@DDK\csname #1@init\@xp\endcsname \csname #1'#2\endcsname{\def}%
+}
+\newcommand{\RestrictedSetKeys}[3][\NoCommaWarning]{%
+  \global\rsk@toks\@xp{\csname #2@init\endcsname}%
+  \gdef\rsk@set{\@xp\rsk@set@a\csname#2'}%
+  \def\rsk@finish{#3}%
+  \def\rsk@nocomma{#1}%
+  \begingroup \aftergroup\rsk@set
+  \let\fsa@t\rsk@z \fsa@l
+}
+\def\rsk@unknown@key#1{%
+  \PackageWarning{rkeyval}{Unknown key: \string#1}%
+  \def#1{\def}%
+}
+\newtoks\rsk@toks
+\def\rsk@set@a#1#2{%
+  \ifx\relax#1\rsk@unknown@key#1\fi
+  \toks@\@xp{#1#1{#2}}%
+  \edef\@tempa{%
+    \global\rsk@toks{\the\rsk@toks \the\toks@}%
+  }%
+  \@tempa
+  \rsk@resume
+}
+\def\rsk@z{%
+  \ifx\bgroup\@let@token \let\fsa@t\rsk@b \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+  \else\ifx\@sptoken\@let@token \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+  \else \rsk@errf
+  \fi\fi
+  \fsa@n
+}
+\def\rsk@a{%
+  \ifx,\@let@token \endgroup \let\fsa@t\rsk@b \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+  \else\rsk@ab\fi
+  \fsa@n
+}
+\def\rsk@ab{%
+  \ifx\@sptoken\@let@token \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+  \else\ifx\bgroup\@let@token \endgroup
+    \let\@let@token\bgroup \let\fsa@n\rsk@erra
+  \else\ifx\egroup\@let@token \endgroup \let\fsa@n\rsk@end
+  \else\ifx\par\@let@token \endgroup \let\fsa@n\rsk@erraa
+  \else \endgroup \let\fsa@n\rsk@erraa
+  \fi\fi\fi\fi
+}
+\def\rsk@lc@letter#1{\lowercase{\fsa@c{#1}}}
+\def\rsk@b{%
+  \ifcat\@nx\@let@token A\let\fsa@t\rsk@c \let\fsa@n\rsk@lc@letter
+  \else\ifx\@sptoken\@let@token \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+  \else\rsk@bb\fi\fi
+  \fsa@n
+}
+\def\rsk@bb{%
+  \ifx,\@let@token \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+  \else\ifx\bgroup\@let@token \let\fsa@n\rsk@errb
+  \else\ifx\egroup\@let@token \let\fsa@n\rsk@end
+  \else \let\fsa@n\rsk@errc
+  \fi\fi\fi
+}
+\def\rsk@c{%
+  \ifcat\@nx\@let@token A\let\fsa@n\rsk@lc@letter
+  \else\ifx\@sptoken\@let@token \let\fsa@t\rsk@d \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+  \else\ifx=\@let@token \let\fsa@t\rsk@d \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+  \else\rsk@cb\fi\fi\fi
+  \fsa@n
+}
+\def\rsk@cb{%
+  \ifx,\@let@token \let\fsa@n\rsk@errc
+  \else\ifcat\@nx\@let@token .\let\fsa@n\fsa@c
+  \else\ifx\bgroup\@let@token \let\fsa@n\rsk@errd
+  \else\ifx\egroup\@let@token \let\fsa@n\rsk@errd
+  \else \let\fsa@n\rsk@errc
+  \fi\fi\fi\fi
+}
+\def\rsk@d{%
+  \ifx\bgroup\@let@token \aftergroup\endcsname \let\fsa@n\endgroup
+  \else\ifx\@sptoken\@let@token \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+  \else\ifx=\@let@token \let\fsa@n\fsa@b
+  \else\let\fsa@n\rsk@erre\fi\fi\fi
+  \fsa@n
+}
+\def\rsk@resume{\begingroup \aftergroup\rsk@set
+  \let\fsa@t\rsk@a
+  \begingroup
+  \catcode\endlinechar=\active \lccode`\~=\endlinechar
+  \lowercase{\let~\par}%
+  \fsa@l}
+\def\rsk@end{%
+  \global\let\rsk@set\@gobble
+  \endgroup \endcsname
+  \afterassignment\rsk@finish
+  \toks@\bgroup
+}
+\def\NoCommaWarning{\PackageWarning{rkeyval}{Missing comma}}%
+\def\NoCommaError{\rsk@err{Missing comma}\@ehc}
+\def\rsk@nocomma{\NoCommaWarning}
+\def\rsk@err{\PackageError{rkeyval}}
+\def\rsk@errf{\rsk@err{Missing open brace}\@ehc\rsk@b}
+\def\rsk@erra{\rsk@nocomma\rsk@b}
+\long\def\rsk@erraa#1{\rsk@nocomma \let\fsa@t\rsk@b \fsa@l}
+\def\rsk@errb{\rsk@err{Missing key name}\@ehc\rsk@d}
+\def\rsk@errc{\rsk@err{Invalid key name character}\@ehc\fsa@b}
+\def\rsk@errd{\rsk@err{Missing equal sign}\@ehc\rsk@d}
+\def\rsk@erre#1,{\rsk@err{Missing open brace for key value}\@ehc
+  \endgroup \endcsname{#1},%
+}
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `rkeyval.sty'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/textcmds.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/textcmds.sty
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4f4346c60a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/textcmds.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `textcmds.sty',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% textcmds.dtx  (with options: `pkg')
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @LaTeX-doc-source-file{
+%%%   filename  = "textcmds.dtx",
+%%%   version   = "1.05",
+%%%   date      = "2002/04/16",
+%%%   time      = "08:47:47 EDT",
+%%%   author    = "Michael J Downes",
+%%%   address   = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                Publications Technical Group,
+%%%                PO Box 6248,
+%%%                Providence, RI 02940,
+%%%                USA",
+%%%   email     = "tech-support@ams.org",
+%%%   URL       = "http://www.ams.org/",
+%%%   abstract  = "Short forms for textemdash and the other LaTeX
+%%%                commands that correspond to ligatures of
+%%%                convenience.",
+%%%   checksum  = "55773 283 1136 10227",
+%%%   docstring = "The checksum field, produced by Robert Solovay's
+%%%                checksum utility, gives CRC-16 checksum, lines,
+%%%                words, and characters.",
+%%%  }
+%%% ====================================================================
+\ProvidesPackage{textcmds}[2002/04/16 v1.05]
+\providecommand{\mdash}{\textemdash\penalty\exhyphenpenalty}
+\providecommand{\ndash}{\textendash\penalty\exhyphenpenalty}
+\newcommand{\qd}{\textquestiondown}
+\newcommand{\xd}{\textexclamdown}
+\newcommand{\ldq}{\textquotedblleft}
+\newcommand{\rdq}{\textquotedblright}
+\newcommand{\lsq}{\textquoteleft}
+\newcommand{\rsq}{\textquoteright}
+\newcommand{\bul}{\textbullet}%
+\newcommand{\vsp}{\textvisiblespace}%
+\newcommand{\pdc}{\textperiodcentered}%
+\newcommand{\vrt}{\textbar}%
+\newcommand{\cir}{\textasciicircum}%
+\newcommand{\til}{\textasciitilde}%
+\newcommand{\bsl}{\textbackslash}%
+\newcommand{\cwm}{\textcompwordmark}%
+\providecommand{\qq}[1]{\ldq#1\/\rdq}
+\newcommand{\supsize}{%
+  \expandafter\ifx\csname S@\f@size\endcsname\relax
+    \calculate@math@sizes
+  \fi
+  \csname S@\f@size\endcsname
+  \fontsize\sf@size\z@\selectfont
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\tsup}[1]{%
+  \leavevmode\raise.9ex\hbox{\supsize #1}%
+}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\tsub}[1]{%
+  \leavevmode\lower.6ex\hbox{\supsize #1}%
+}
+\DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textprimechar}{OMS}
+\DeclareTextSymbol{\textprimechar}{OMS}{48}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\tprime}{\tsup{\textprimechar}}
+\@ifundefined{textlangle}{%
+  \DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textlangle}{OMS}
+  \DeclareTextSymbolDefault{\textrangle}{OMS}
+}{}
+\DeclareTextSymbol{\textlangle}{OMS}{"68}
+\DeclareTextSymbol{\textrangle}{OMS}{"69}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\lara}[1]{\textlangle#1\/\textrangle}
+\csname endinput\endcsname
+<*emacs>
+(defvar latex-ndash-command "\\ndash"
+  "*String to insert for an n-dash in LaTeX mode.")
+
+(defvar latex-mdash-command "\\mdash"
+  "*String to insert for an m-dash in LaTeX mode.")
+
+(defvar latex-quote-command "\\qq"
+  "*String to insert for quotes in LaTeX mode.")
+
+(defun latex-maybe-start-quotes (arg)
+  "Insert the beginning of a \\qq{...} structure if the preceding char is
+a left quote."
+  (interactive "*p")
+  (if (= (preceding-char) ?\`)
+      (progn
+        (delete-backward-char 1)
+        (insert-and-inherit (concat latex-quote-command "\{")))
+    (self-insert-command arg)))
+
+(defun latex-maybe-end-quotes (arg)
+  "Insert the end of a \\qq{...} structure if appropriate."
+  (interactive "*p")
+  (if (= (preceding-char) ?\')
+      (progn
+        (delete-backward-char 1)
+        (insert-and-inherit "\}"))
+    (self-insert-command arg)))
+
+(defun latex-maybe-dash (arg)
+  "Convert two or three hyphens to \\mdash or \\ndash."
+  (interactive "*p")
+  (cond
+   ((re-search-backward
+     (concat (regexp-quote latex-ndash-command) " *\\=") nil t)
+    (replace-match (concat (regexp-quote latex-mdash-command) " ")))
+   ((= (preceding-char) ?-)
+    (delete-backward-char 1)
+    (insert-and-inherit (concat latex-ndash-command " ")))
+   (t (self-insert-command arg))))
+
+(add-hook 'TeX-mode-hook
+  '(lambda
+    (define-key LaTeX-mode-map "\`" 'latex-maybe-start-quotes)
+    (define-key LaTeX-mode-map "\'" 'latex-maybe-end-quotes)
+    (define-key LaTeX-mode-map "-" 'latex-maybe-dash)))
+</emacs>
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `textcmds.sty'.
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/upref.sty b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/upref.sty
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f1b173a842e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amscls/upref.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `upref.sty',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% upref.dtx 
+%% 
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%%  @LaTeX-file{
+%%%     filename        = "upref.dtx",
+%%%     version         = "2.01",
+%%%     date            = "2004/07/29",
+%%%     time            = "16:37:01 EDT",
+%%%     checksum        = "07926 151 617 5530",
+%%%     author          = "American Mathematical Society",
+%%%     copyright       = "Copyright 1996 American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                        all rights reserved.  Copying of this file is
+%%%                        authorized only if either:
+%%%                        (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy,
+%%%                        including name; OR
+%%%                        (2) if you do make changes, you first rename it
+%%%                        to some other name.",
+%%%     address         = "American Mathematical Society,
+%%%                        Technical Support,
+%%%                        Electronic Products and Services,
+%%%                        P. O. Box 6248,
+%%%                        Providence, RI 02940,
+%%%                        USA",
+%%%     telephone       = "401-455-4080 or (in the USA and Canada)
+%%%                        800-321-4AMS (321-4267)",
+%%%     FAX             = "401-331-3842",
+%%%     email           = "tech-support@ams.org (Internet)",
+%%%     codetable       = "ISO/ASCII",
+%%%     keywords        = "latex, amslatex, ams-latex, cross references",
+%%%     supported       = "yes",
+%%%     abstract        = "This is a LaTeX package that provides printing
+%%%                        of \cn{ref}s in an upright font even if the
+%%%                        current context is italic or slanted.",
+%%%     docstring       = "The checksum field above contains a CRC-16
+%%%                        checksum as the first value, followed by the
+%%%                        equivalent of the standard UNIX wc (word
+%%%                        count) utility output of lines, words, and
+%%%                        characters.  This is produced by Robert
+%%%                        Solovay's checksum utility.",
+%%%  }
+%%% ====================================================================
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/06/01]
+\ProvidesPackage{upref}[2004/07/29 v2.01]
+\newcommand{\@noref}[1]{%
+  \G@refundefinedtrue
+  \nfss@text{\reset@font\bfseries ??}%
+  \@latex@warning{Reference `#1' on page \thepage\space undefined}%
+}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+  \@ifpackageloaded{hyperref}{%
+    \def\Hy@setref@link#1#2#3#4#5#6\@nil#7{%
+      \begingroup
+      \toks0{\hyper@@link{#5}{#4}}%
+      \toks1\@xp{#7{\textup{#1}\hbox{}}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}}%
+      \edef\x{\endgroup\the\toks0{\the\toks1}}\x
+    }%
+    \def\@setref#1#2#3{%
+      \ifx#1\relax
+        \@xp\protect\@noref{#3}%
+      \else
+        \@xp\Hy@setref@link#1\@empty\@empty\@nil{#2}%
+      \fi
+    }%
+  }{%
+    \def\@setref#1#2#3{\ifx#1\relax
+        \protect\@noref{#3}%
+      \else
+        \protect\textup{\@xp#2#1\hbox{}}%
+      \fi
+    }%
+  }%
+}
+\providecommand\@upn{\textup}
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `upref.sty'.