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authorKarl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>2007-03-07 18:04:30 +0000
committerKarl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>2007-03-07 18:04:30 +0000
commitf20e65ef1cfe5fc288f66e7af8abc8477511b36a (patch)
tree91b4aa04e610a26e189bf47c7c4f79c52a02ea83 /Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis
parentdc6e3a2da3acbc5fd7479b801f0b8c5d3d20aa0e (diff)
new package umthesis (6mar07)
git-svn-id: svn://tug.org/texlive/trunk@4008 c570f23f-e606-0410-a88d-b1316a301751
Diffstat (limited to 'Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis')
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/PDP.tex55
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/README21
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/appAeng.tex134
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/appendix.tex3
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/conclusion.tex2
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/example.pdfbin0 -> 288311 bytes
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/example.tex279
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/exp1.tex23
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/exp2.tex4
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/exp3.tex74
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/felty.bib2495
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/intro.tex46
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/mybibstyle.bst1468
13 files changed, 4604 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/PDP.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/PDP.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e90eed16d6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/PDP.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=.8,cap=round]
+% Styles
+\tikzstyle{information text}=[text badly centered]%, rounded corners,fill=red!10,inner sep=1ex]
+% The graphic
+\begin{scope}
+\pgfsetarrowsend{stealth'}
+\pgfsetlinewidth{1pt}
+\draw (1,.9) -- (1,1.8)
+ node[below=.9cm,text width=3cm,style=information text]
+ {\small Phonological representation of root form };
+\draw (5,-.2) -- (5,.8)
+ node[below=.9cm,text width=3cm, style=information text]
+ { \small Wickelfeature representation of root form };
+\draw (11,-.2) -- (11,.8)
+ node[below=.9cm,text width=3cm, style=information text]
+ { \small Wickelfeature representation of past tense };
+\draw (16,0.9) -- (16,1.8)
+ node[below=.9cm,text width=3cm, style=information text]
+ { \small Phonological representation of past tense };
+\end{scope}
+\draw (3,6)
+ node[text width=3cm, style=information text]
+ { \small Fixed Encoding Network };
+\draw (8,6)
+ node[text width=4cm, style=information text]
+ { \small Pattern Associator Modifiable Connections };
+\draw (13.5,6)
+ node[text width=3cm, style=information text]
+ { \small Decoding/Binding Network };
+% draw the nodes
+\foreach \x in {1,16}
+ \foreach \y in {2,3,4} {
+ \draw (\x,\y) circle (0.1cm);
+ }
+\foreach \x in {5,11}
+ \foreach \y in {1,2,3,4,5} {
+ \draw (\x,\y) circle (0.1cm);
+ }
+% we add the lines for the nodes starting in y 2,3, and 4
+\foreach \xa / \xb in {1.1 / 4.9, 5.1 / 10.9 , 10.9 / 5.1 , 15.9 / 11.1}
+ \foreach \ya / \yb / \yc / \yd / \ye in {2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 1, 3 / 4 / 5 / 1 /
+ 2, 4 / 5 / 1 / 2 / 3} {
+ \draw (\xa,\ya) -- (\xb,\ya);
+ \draw (\xa,\ya) -- (\xb,\yb);
+ \draw (\xa,\ya) -- (\xb,\yc);
+ \draw (\xa,\ya) -- (\xb,\yd);
+ \draw (\xa,\ya) -- (\xb,\ye);
+ }
+% add remaining lines from y1 to y5
+\foreach \xa / \xb in {5.1 / 10.9 , 10.9 / 5.1}
+ \foreach \ya / \yb in {1 / 5, 5 / 1} {
+ \draw (\xa,\ya) -- (\xb,\ya);
+ \draw (\xa,\ya) -- (\xb,\yb);
+ }
+\end{tikzpicture}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/README b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/README
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b4aec82ba83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/README
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+LaTeX class file in conformance with the specifications set by the
+University of Michigan for dissertations
+This class loads the standard book class and then modifies it as little as %% possible. Many of the modifications were taken from the beavtex class and
+the umdiss.cls
+
+Before using, please read the introductory comments in the umthesis.cls file
+and look at the example.tex file, which is also highly commented. A compiled
+example.pdf is also provided, which illustrates many of the features of the
+class.
+
+INSTALLATION
+You can simply keep the class file in the same directory as your dissertation,
+or if you prefer, you can put it somewhere tex will find it (under texmf)
+and then run
+texhash
+to tell tex you added something
+
+This software is released under the Latex Project Public License.
+
+Please direct any questions or comments to Robert Felty
+<robfelty AE gmail DOT com>
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/appAeng.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/appAeng.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8d1ab06b394
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/appAeng.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+
+\setlength{\extrarowheight}{-7pt}
+\section{English Nonwords}
+\label{S:engNon}
+\begin{footnotesize}
+ \begin{longtable}[c]{|*{2}{l|} *{14}{r|}}
+ \caption{English nonword stimuli used \label{T:engNonwordStimuli}}\\
+ \hline\hline
+ \hspace{3em}\rotth{7em}{spell} &
+ \hspace{2.6em}\rotth{7em}{IPA} &
+ \rotth{7em}{posfreq}&
+ \rotth{7em}{biphone freq} &
+ \rotth{7em}{Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{Freq Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{\raggedright Lemma Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl1 Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl1 Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl1 lemma Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl2 Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{syl2 Freq Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{syl2 lemma Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{edit2 neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{edit2 Freq Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{edit2 lemma Freq Neighbors}\\
+ \hline
+ & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & {\vspace*{-.1em}}\\
+ \endfirsthead
+ \caption[]{English nonword stimuli used (continued)}\\
+ \hline\hline
+ \hspace{3em}\rotth{7em}{spell} &
+ \hspace{2.6em}\rotth{7em}{IPA} &
+ \rotth{7em}{posfreq}&
+ \rotth{7em}{biphone freq} &
+ \rotth{7em}{Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{Freq Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{\raggedright Lemma Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl1 Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl1 Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl1 lemma Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl2 Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{syl2 Freq Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{syl2 lemma Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{edit2 neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{edit2 Freq Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{edit2 lemma Freq Neighbors}\\
+ \hline
+ & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & {\vspace*{-.1em}}\\
+ \endhead
+ \hline\hline
+ \endfoot
+ \input{table/engNonwordStimuliStats}
+ \end{longtable}
+\end{footnotesize}
+
+\begin{landscape}
+\section{English Words}
+\label{S:engStimList}
+\begin{footnotesize}
+ \begin{longtable}[c]{|*{3}{l|} *{16}{r|}}
+ \caption{English word stimuli used \label{T:engWordStimuli}}\\
+ \hline\hline
+ \hspace{3em}\rotth{7em}{spell} &
+ \hspace{2.6em}\rotth{7em}{IPA} &
+ \hspace{1.4em}\rotth{7em}{morph} &
+ \rotth{7em}{logFreq}&
+ \rotth{7em}{lemmaLogFreq}&
+ \rotth{7em}{posfreq}&
+ \rotth{7em}{biphone freq} &
+ \rotth{7em}{Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{Freq Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{\raggedright Lemma Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl1 Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl1 Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl1 lemma Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl2 Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{syl2 Freq Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{syl2 lemma Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{edit2 neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{edit2 Freq Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{edit2 lemma Freq Neighbors}\\
+ \hline
+ & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & {\vspace*{-.1em}}\\
+ \endfirsthead
+ \caption[]{English word stimuli used (continued)}\\
+ \hline\hline
+ \hspace{3em}\rotth{7em}{spell} &
+ \hspace{2.6em}\rotth{7em}{IPA} &
+ \hspace{1.4em}\rotth{7em}{morph} &
+ \rotth{7em}{logFreq}&
+ \rotth{7em}{lemmaLogFreq}&
+ \rotth{7em}{posfreq}&
+ \rotth{7em}{biphone freq} &
+ \rotth{7em}{Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{Freq Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{\raggedright Lemma Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl1 Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl1 Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl1 lemma Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{syl2 Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{syl2 Freq Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{syl2 lemma Freq Neighbors}&
+ \rotth{7em}{edit2 neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{edit2 Freq Neighbors} &
+ \rotth{7em}{edit2 lemma Freq Neighbors}\\
+ \hline
+ & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & {\vspace*{-.1em}}\\
+ \endhead
+ \hline\hline
+ \endfoot
+ \input{table/engWordStimuliStats}
+ \end{longtable}
+\end{footnotesize}
+\end{landscape}
+
+ \clearpage
+
+\setlength{\extrarowheight}{0pt}
+ \begin{table}[htbp]
+ \caption{Distribution of Phonemes for English stimuli}
+ \label{T:engDist}
+ \centering
+ \begin{tabular}{*{21}{r}}
+ \hline\hline
+ \rule{0pt}{1.1em} phon & C1& V1& C2& C3& V2& C4 & & C1& V1& C2& C3& V2&
+ C4& & C1& V1& C2& C3& V2& C4\\[.3em]
+ \hline
+ \rule{0pt}{1.1em} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{monomorphemes} & &
+ \multicolumn{6}{c}{bimorphemes} && \multicolumn{6}{c}{nonwords}\\[.3em]
+ \cline{2-7}\cline{9-14}\cline{16-21}
+ \input{table/engDist}
+ \hline\hline
+ \end{tabular}
+ \end{table}
+ \clearpage
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/appendix.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/appendix.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..82f6d15fe2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/appendix.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+\chapter{The first appendix}
+
+\chapter{The second appendix}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/conclusion.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/conclusion.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9999fa48f5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/conclusion.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+\chapter{The conclusion}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/example.pdf b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/example.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..573701a386a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/example.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/example.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/example.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..29c37847312
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/example.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+\documentclass[12pt, letterpaper]{umthesis}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%% optional packages %%%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% these packages are all optional. I include them here
+%% because I use them, and I know they work with this class
+
+\usepackage{sidecap} %put captions beside a figure
+\usepackage{ifpdf} % check to see if compiling as dvi or pdf
+\usepackage{rotating} % rotate some text
+\usepackage{graphicx} % include graphics files
+\usepackage[all]{xy} %for making simple graphs
+\usepackage{index} %this is newer and more fully featured than makeidx
+\usepackage{hhline} %fancy rules
+\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb} %extra math commands and symbols
+\usepackage{mathptmx} %use times for normal text and math
+\usepackage{helvet} %use helvetica font for sans-serif
+\usepackage{courier} % use courier font for typewriter and fixed width
+\usepackage{colortbl} %allows for color in tables
+\usepackage{subfigure} % groups figures into one large one
+\usepackage{longtable} % multi-page tables
+\usepackage{pdflscape} %better handling of landscape features
+\usepackage{tabularx} %advanced tabular environment
+\usepackage{multicol} % to use multiple columns
+\usepackage{tikz} % package for making cool graphics - compatible with
+ % dvi, postscript, and pdf
+\usetikzlibrary{arrows} % fancy arrows for tikz package
+\usepackage{natbib} %more advanced handling of bibliographies
+\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,} %settings for natbib, if using it
+\usepackage[font=small,labelfont=bf,labelsep=quad]{caption} %more caption
+\ifpdf %use these packages if we are compiling with pdf
+ \usepackage{epstopdf} %automatically converts .eps files to .pdf
+ \usepackage[final,expansion=true,protrusion=true]{microtype}
+ %advanced typesetting
+\fi
+%\usepackage[T1]{tipa} %phonetic fonts
+%\usepackage{placeins} %prevent floats from floating past section
+%\usepackage{flafter} %don't allow floats to appear before their definition
+ %formatting
+%\usepackage{chngpage}%this allows resetting margins within the document
+%\usepackage[color]{showkeys} % prints the names of labels that you use
+ % handy for proofreading purposes
+%\usepackage[dvips]{geometry} %tells dvips about paper size options
+%\usepackage{svn} % to keep track of revisions
+%\SVN $Author: robfelty $
+%\SVN $Revision: 17 $
+%\SVN $Date: 2007-03-06 10:58:33 -0500 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) $
+%\SVN $Id: example.tex 17 2007-03-06 15:58:33Z robfelty $
+%\usepackage{timestamp} % to give me a timestamp
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% sectsty allows to do some fancier formatting
+%% of chapter and section titles - it is not clear
+%% to me whether Rackham allows this or not
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+%\usepackage{sectsty}
+%\makeatletter
+%\chapternumberfont{%
+% \if@mainmatter%
+% \rule{\textwidth}{2pt}\\%
+% \vspace{-1em}\rule{\textwidth}{1pt}\\%
+% \fi%
+% \centering \huge \bf%
+%}
+%\chaptertitlefont{%
+% \if@mainmatter%
+% \vspace{-1em} \rule{\textwidth}{1pt}\\[.2em]%
+% \fi%
+% \centering \huge \bf%
+%}
+%\makeatother
+%\usepackage[pdftex]{graphicx}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%% fancy headers are not allowed by Rackham - however
+%%% this does not mean that you can't use them for all other
+%%% copies that you do not give to Rackham
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+%\usepackage{fancyhdr}
+% \pagestyle{fancy}
+% % with this we ensure that the chapter and section
+% % headings are in lowercase.
+% \renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{\markboth{#1}{}}
+% \renewcommand{\sectionmark}[1]{\markright{\thesection\ #1}}
+% \fancyhf{} % delete current setting for header and footer
+% \fancyhead[LE,RO]{\thepage}
+% \fancyhead[LO]{\rightmark}
+% \fancyhead[RE]{\leftmark}
+% %\fancyhead[RE,RO]{\bfseries\rightmark}
+% %\fancyhead[LE,LO]{\bfseries\leftmark}
+% %\fancyfoot[C]{\thepage}
+% \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.5pt}
+% \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt}
+% \addtolength{\headheight}{0.5pt} % make space for the rule
+% \fancypagestyle{plain}{%
+% \fancyhead{} % get rid of headers on plain pages
+% %\fancyfoot[C]{\thepage}
+% \fancyfoot{}
+% \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % and the line
+% }
+\hfuzz2pt % Don't bother to report overfull hboxes if over-edge is < 2pt
+\vfuzz2pt % Same for overfull vboxes (maybe just works for hfuzz?)
+
+%this command can be used for table headers that need to be rotated, thus the
+%name rotth, for rotated table header -- it takes two arguments, the width of
+%the parbox to create (which since it is rotated is more like height), and the
+%text to put in it
+\newcommand\rotth[2]{%
+ \begin{sideways}%
+ \parbox[b]{#1}{\raggedright #2}%
+ \end{sideways}%
+}
+%this sets up a new command \dash, which makes nice dashes
+\DeclareRobustCommand\dash{%
+\unskip\nobreak\thinspace\textemdash\thinspace\ignorespaces}
+ %in bookmarks, use regular dash instead of emdash
+ \pdfstringdefDisableCommands{\renewcommand{\dash}{ - }}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% additional options for the hyperref package (it is already loaded)
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% \hypersetup{
+% colorlinks,
+% bookmarksnumbered,
+% bookmarkstype={toc},
+% bookmarksopen={true},
+% bookmarksopenlevel={1},
+% pdfstartview={FitH},
+% citecolor={blue},
+% %linkcolor={black},
+% %urlcolor={black},
+% pdfpagemode={UseOutlines},
+% breaklinks=true
+% }
+
+%the next two lines will prevent hyphenation in phonetic transcriptions
+%\usepackage{hyphenat}
+%\newcommand{\ipa}[1]{\nohyphens{\textipa{#1}}}
+
+%% redefine some rules for nice table formatting
+\setlength{\arrayrulewidth}{.6pt}
+\setlength{\doublerulesep}{0pt}
+
+%% allow more floats on a page, and change the float separation from text
+\setlength{\floatsep}{5pt}
+\setlength{\intextsep}{5pt}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.70}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.95}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.95}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.1}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% line spacing %%%
+%% Rackham requires onehalf or double spacing
+%% The default for the class is onehalf
+%% To change it for non-final copies, use one of the following options
+%\singlespacing
+%\doublespacing
+%% The class file automatically singles spaces stuff which should
+%% be single spaced according to rackham, like the bibliography,
+%% titles and such
+%% However, if you want to, you can also change spacing for
+%% a portion of text like so:
+%%\begin{singlespacing} ... \end{singlespacing}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%%% title and author info %%%%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\author{\LaTeX}
+\program{Professional Typesetting}
+\degree{Doctor of Philosophy}
+\cochaircommitteemember{John Smith}{Professor}
+\cochaircommitteemember{Mary Johnson}{Assistant Professor}
+\committeemember{Emily Dickens}{Assistant Professor}
+\committeemember{Robert Hughes}{Professor}
+\title{The most Rackham-standards compliant dissertation ever}
+
+\makeindex %if you are including an index
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% IMPORTANT - learn to use includeonly - it is very helpful
+%% 1. put each chapter in a separate file
+%% 2. type \include{file} where you want it to go
+%% 3. First you have to compile once with everything included,
+%% then you can include only certain parts
+%%
+%% and the table of contents will still list all parts,
+%% the chapter numbers will still all be correct
+%% and you can easily print out (or e-mail or whatever) just one chapter
+%% if you like, you can even leave out all the frontmatter stuff by putting
+%% it in a separate file as well
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\includeonly{%
+intro,%
+exp1,%
+exp2,%
+exp3,%
+conclusion,%
+appendix
+}
+\begin{document}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% IMPORTANT -- must issue frontmatter, mainmatter, and backmatter
+%% commands in right place. These commands handle page numbering and
+%% formatting of various parts
+%% \frontmatter - right after begin document
+%% \mainmatter - right before first chapter
+%% \backmatter - right before bibliography
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\frontmatter
+
+%%%% these command change latex's default hyphenation a bit.
+% Setting tolerance low will encourage hyphenation.
+% Setting tolerance high will discourage hyphenation
+\pretolerance=-1
+\tolerance=1000
+\adjdemerits=6400
+\doublehyphendemerits=90000
+\finalhyphendemerits=14400
+
+\maketitle
+%%%%% the finalabstract environment typesets the abstract as it should be
+% for the copies that go to Rackham separate of the actual dissertation.
+\begin{finalabstract}
+ your abstract here
+\end{finalabstract}
+\makecopyright
+
+\begin{frontispiece}
+ If we knew what we were doing, it wouldn't be called research\\
+ \dash Albert Einstein
+\end{frontispiece}
+
+\begin{dedication}
+ to Delores
+\end{dedication}
+
+\begin{acknowledgments}
+ these people helped me
+\end{acknowledgments}
+
+\begin{preface}
+ before reading this, you should know\dots
+\end{preface}
+
+\tableofcontents
+\listoftables
+\listoffigures
+\listofappendices
+
+% the normal abstract is formatted the same as preface and acknowledgements,
+% and is listed in the table of contents
+\begin{abstract}
+ your abstract here
+\end{abstract}
+\mainmatter
+\include{intro}
+\include{exp1}
+\include{exp2}
+\include{exp3}
+\include{conclusion}
+\appendix
+\include{appendix}
+
+\backmatter
+\bibliographystyle{mybibstyle} %my personal bibliography style
+%\bibliographystyle{plain} %default bib style
+\bibliography{felty}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%% if using an index, make sure to add it to the table of contents
+%% and use phantomsection so hyperref links to the right page
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%\phantomsection %makes sure it points to the right page
+%\addtocontents{toc}{chapter}{Index}
+%\printindex
+\end{document}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/exp1.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/exp1.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c76fdbe8606
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/exp1.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+\chapter{My first experiment}
+
+This is my first experiment. I will try to prove the following things:
+(Note that lists are single spaced, as Rackham wants, and that lists should
+start a new paragraph, otherwise the single spacing will also apply to the
+preceding paragraph).
+
+\begin{itemize}
+ \item lists are easy to use
+ \item \LaTeX\ rocks
+\end{itemize}
+
+The following figure was drawn using the excellent pgf/tikz graphics package.
+If you do not have this package, you should comment it out.
+
+\begin{figure*}[htbp]
+\centering
+\input{PDP}
+\caption[Model structure from \cite{Rumelhart1986}]{Model structure from
+\cite{Rumelhart1986}}
+\label{F:PDP}
+\end{figure*}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/exp2.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/exp2.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..113120801b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/exp2.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+\chapter{My second experiment \dash which has a really long name, to
+illustrate line breaking within the document as well as in the table of
+contents}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/exp3.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/exp3.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..321fdbf1d3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/exp3.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+\chapter{My third experiment}
+"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod
+tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam,
+quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo
+consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse
+cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non
+proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum."
+
+\section{Section 1.10.32 of "de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum", written by
+Cicero in 45 BC}
+
+
+"Sed ut perspiciatis unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium
+doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam, eaque ipsa quae ab illo inventore
+veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt explicabo. Nemo enim
+ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia
+consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque
+porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur,
+adipisci velit, sed quia non numquam eius modi tempora incidunt ut labore et
+dolore magnam aliquam quaerat voluptatem. Ut enim ad minima veniam, quis
+nostrum exercitationem ullam corporis suscipit laboriosam, nisi ut aliquid ex
+ea commodi consequatur? Quis autem vel eum iure reprehenderit qui in ea
+voluptate velit esse quam nihil molestiae consequatur, vel illum qui dolorem
+eum fugiat quo voluptas nulla pariatur?"
+
+1914 translation by H. Rackham
+
+"But I must explain to you how all this mistaken idea of denouncing pleasure
+and praising pain was born and I will give you a complete account of the
+system, and expound the actual teachings of the great explorer of the truth,
+the master-builder of human happiness. No one rejects, dislikes, or avoids
+pleasure itself, because it is pleasure, but because those who do not know how
+to pursue pleasure rationally encounter consequences that are extremely
+painful. Nor again is there anyone who loves or pursues or desires to obtain
+pain of itself, because it is pain, but because occasionally circumstances
+occur in which toil and pain can procure him some great pleasure. To take a
+trivial example, which of us ever undertakes laborious physical exercise,
+except to obtain some advantage from it? But who has any right to find fault
+with a man who chooses to enjoy a pleasure that has no annoying consequences,
+or one who avoids a pain that produces no resultant pleasure?"
+
+\section{Section 1.10.33 of "de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum", written by Cicero
+in 45 BC}
+
+"At vero eos et accusamus et iusto odio dignissimos ducimus qui blanditiis
+praesentium voluptatum deleniti atque corrupti quos dolores et quas molestias
+excepturi sint occaecati cupiditate non provident, similique sunt in culpa qui
+officia deserunt mollitia animi, id est laborum et dolorum fuga. Et harum
+quidem rerum facilis est et expedita distinctio. Nam libero tempore, cum
+soluta nobis est eligendi optio cumque nihil impedit quo minus id quod maxime
+placeat facere possimus, omnis voluptas assumenda est, omnis dolor
+repellendus. Temporibus autem quibusdam et aut officiis debitis aut rerum
+necessitatibus saepe eveniet ut et voluptates repudiandae sint et molestiae
+non recusandae. Itaque earum rerum hic tenetur a sapiente delectus, ut aut
+reiciendis voluptatibus maiores alias consequatur aut perferendis doloribus
+asperiores repellat."
+
+1914 translation by H. Rackham
+
+"On the other hand, we denounce with righteous indignation and dislike men who
+are so beguiled and demoralized by the charms of pleasure of the moment, so
+blinded by desire, that they cannot foresee the pain and trouble that are
+bound to ensue; and equal blame belongs to those who fail in their duty
+through weakness of will, which is the same as saying through shrinking from
+toil and pain. These cases are perfectly simple and easy to distinguish. In a
+free hour, when our power of choice is untrammelled and when nothing prevents
+our being able to do what we like best, every pleasure is to be welcomed and
+every pain avoided. But in certain circumstances and owing to the claims of
+duty or the obligations of business it will frequently occur that pleasures
+have to be repudiated and annoyances accepted. The wise man therefore always
+holds in these matters to this principle of selection: he rejects pleasures to
+secure other greater pleasures, or else he endures pains to avoid worse
+pains."
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/felty.bib b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/felty.bib
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f3402702106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/felty.bib
@@ -0,0 +1,2495 @@
+This file was created with JabRef 2.2b2.
+Encoding: UTF8
+
+@PREAMBLE{"\hyphenation{Vite-vitch
+Cole-man
+Rud-nicky
+Pierre-hum-bert
+Sonnen-stuhl
+Eisen-beiss
+Brad-low
+Ble-vins
+Bier-wisch
+Booth-royd
+Broadbent
+Nitt-rouer
+Zwitser-lood
+Wunder-lich
+Van-nest}"}
+
+@STRING{JASA = {Journal of the Acoustical Society of America}}
+
+@STRING{JML = {Journal of Memory and Language}}
+
+@ARTICLE{Albright2002,
+ author = {Albright, A.},
+ title = {Islands of reliability for regular morphology: Evidence from Italian},
+ journal = {Language},
+ year = {2002},
+ volume = {78},
+ pages = {684--709},
+ number = {4},
+ month = dec,
+ abstract = {The representation of regular morphological processes has been the
+ subject of much controversy, particularly in the debate between single
+ and dual route models of morphology. I present a model of morphological
+ learning that posits rules and seeks to infer their productivity
+ by comparing their reliability in different phonological environments.
+ The result of this procedure is a grammar in which general rules
+ exist alongside more specific, but more reliable, generalizations
+ describing subregularities for the same process. I present results
+ from a nonce-probe (WUG) experiment in Italian, in which speakers
+ rated the acceptability of novel infinitives in various conjugation
+ classes. These results indicate that such subregularities are in
+ fact internalized by speakers, even for a regular morphological process.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Albright2002.pdf},
+ sn = {0097-8507},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.10},
+ ut = {ISI:000180204900006}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Albright2003,
+ author = {Albright, Adam and Hayes, Bruce},
+ title = {Rules vs. analogy in English past tenses: a computational/experimental
+ study},
+ journal = {Cognition},
+ year = {2003},
+ volume = {90},
+ pages = {119--161},
+ number = {2},
+ month = dec,
+ abstract = {Are morphological patterns learned in the form of rules? Some models
+ deny this, attributing all morphology to analogical mechanisms. The
+ dual mechanism model (Pinker, S., & Prince, A. (1998). On language
+ and connectionism: analysis of a parallel distributed processing
+ model of language acquisition. Cognition, 28, 73-193) posits that
+ speakers do internalize rules, but that these rules are few and cover
+ only regular processes; the remaining patterns are attributed to
+ analogy. This article advocates a third approach, which uses multiple
+ stochastic rules and no analogy. We propose a model that employs
+ inductive learning to discover multiple rules, and assigns them confidence
+ scores based on their performance in the lexicon. Our model is supported
+ over the two alternatives by new "wug test" data on English past
+ tenses, which show that participant ratings of novel pasts depend
+ on the phonological shape of the stem, both for irregulars and, surprisingly,
+ also for regulars. The latter observation cannot be explained under
+ the dual mechanism approach, which derives all regulars with a single
+ rule. To evaluate the alternative hypothesis that all morphology
+ is analogical, we implemented a purely analogical model, which evaluates
+ novel pasts based solely on their similarity to existing verbs. Tested
+ against experimental data, this analogical model also failed in key
+ respects: it could not locate patterns that require abstract structural
+ characterizations, and it favored implausible responses based on
+ single, highly similar exemplars. We conclude that speakers extend
+ morphological patterns based on abstract structural properties, of
+ a kind appropriately described with rules.},
+ keywords = {Rules, Analogy, Similarity, Past tenses, Dual mechanism model},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/AlbrightHayes2003.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.12}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Allen1994,
+ author = {Allen, Jont},
+ title = {How do humans process and recognize speech?},
+ journal = {IEEE Transactions of Speech and Audio Processing},
+ year = {1994},
+ volume = {2},
+ pages = {567-577},
+ number = {4},
+ keywords = {Allen, Jont}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Allen2002,
+ author = {Allen, Mark and Badecker, William},
+ title = {Inflectional Regularity: Probing the Nature of Lexical Representation
+ in a Cross-Modal Priming Task},
+ journal = {Journal of Memory and Language},
+ year = {2002},
+ volume = {46},
+ pages = {705--722},
+ number = {4},
+ month = may,
+ abstract = {Two cross-modal priming experiments address issues concerning the
+ representation and processing of regular and irregular morphology
+ in English as well as methodological issues concerning the use of
+ the cross-modal technique in lexical processing studies. Cross-modal
+ inflectional priming facilitates regular verbs (e.g., walked priming
+ walk) but not irregular verbs (e.g., gave priming give). We found
+ that similar but morphologically unrelated words (e.g., slam priming
+ slim) inhibit each other when presented cross-modally. Based on this
+ effect for form-based inhibition, we interpret the regular/irregular
+ verb priming asymmetry as a reflection of competition between orthographically
+ similar verb forms (e.g., gave-give) which results in target inhibition.
+ In support of this proposal, we found that orthographically dissimilar
+ irregular verbs (e.g., taught-teach) show strong priming facilitation.
+ We account for this result in terms of a two-level lexicon in which
+ irregular verb alternates have distinct form-level entries, but engage
+ a common entry at an abstract morphological level of representation.
+ In addition to serving as evidence concerning the representation
+ of English verbal inflection, the findings from these experiments
+ also set important limits on the claim that the cross-modal priming
+ paradigm automatically circumvents form-related processing effects
+ that are not morphological in character.},
+ keywords = {inflectional morphology, regularity, two-level model of lexical processing,
+ cross-modal priming, form-based inhibition.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/AllenBadecker2002JML.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2006.12.13},
+ url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WK4-45WGJ0Y-3/2/4e23b8078a19e6a7eb4f0a516cdb8583}
+}
+
+@MISC{Baayen1993,
+ author = {Baayen, H, R. and H. Rijn},
+ title = {The {CELEX} lexical database (CD-ROM)},
+ howpublished = {Philadelphia: Linguistics Data Consortium, University of Pennsylvania},
+ year = {1993},
+ journal = {Philadelphia: Linguistics Data Consortium, University of Pennsylvania},
+ keywords = {Baayen, H, R. and H. Rijn}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Baayen1997JML,
+ author = {Baayen, R. H. and Dijkstra, T. and Schreuder, R.},
+ title = {Singulars and plurals in Dutch: Evidence for a parallel dual-route
+ modes},
+ journal = {Journal Of Memory And Language},
+ year = {1997},
+ volume = {37},
+ pages = {94--117},
+ number = {1},
+ month = jul,
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/BaayenDijkstraSchreuder1997.pdf},
+ sn = {0749-596X},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.09},
+ ut = {ISI:A1997XG92100005}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Baayen2006,
+ author = {Baayen, R. H. and Feldman, L. B. and Schreuder, R.},
+ title = {Morphological influences on the recognition of monosyllabic monomorphemic
+ words},
+ journal = {Journal Of Memory And Language},
+ year = {2006},
+ volume = {55},
+ pages = {290--313},
+ number = {2},
+ month = aug,
+ af = {Baayen, R. H.EOLEOLFeldman, L. B.EOLEOLSchreuder, R.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/BaayenFeldmanSchreuder2006.pdf},
+ sn = {0749-596X},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.09},
+ ut = {ISI:000239352800009}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Baayen1997,
+ author = {Baayen, R. H. and Lieber, R. and Schreuder, R.},
+ title = {The morphological complexity of simplex nouns},
+ journal = {Linguistics},
+ year = {1997},
+ volume = {35},
+ pages = {861--877},
+ number = {5},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ sn = {0024-3949},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.09},
+ ut = {ISI:A1997YE39500003}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Baayen2005,
+ author = {Baayen, R. H. and Martin, F. M. D.},
+ title = {Semantic density and past-tense formation in three germanic languages},
+ journal = {Language},
+ year = {2005},
+ volume = {81},
+ pages = {666--698},
+ number = {3},
+ month = sep,
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Baayen2005.pdf},
+ sn = {0097-8507},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.06},
+ ut = {ISI:000232076300006}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Bailey2001,
+ author = {Bailey, Todd M. and Hahn, Ulrike},
+ title = {Determinants of Wordlikeness: Phonotactics or Lexical Neighborhoods?},
+ journal = {Journal of Memory and Language},
+ year = {2001},
+ volume = {44},
+ pages = {568--591},
+ number = {4},
+ month = may,
+ abstract = {Wordlikeness, the extent to which a sound sequence is typical of words
+ in a language, affects language acquisition, language processing,
+ and verbal short-term memory. Wordlikeness has generally been equated
+ with phonotactic knowledge of the possible or probable sequences
+ of sounds within a language. Alternatively, wordlikeness might be
+ derived directly from the mental lexicon, depending only on similarity
+ to known words. This paper tests these two cognitively different
+ possibilities by comparing measures of phonotactic probability and
+ lexical influence, including a new model of lexical neighborhoods,
+ in their ability to explain empirical wordlikeness judgments. Our
+ data show independent contributions of both phonotactic probability
+ and the lexicon, with relatively greater influence from the lexicon.
+ The influence of a lexical neighbor is found to be an inverted-U-shaped
+ function of its token frequency. However, our results also indicate
+ that current measures are limited in their ability to account for
+ sequence typicality.},
+ keywords = {wordlikeness, phonotactics, token frequency, lexical neighborhood,
+ sequence typicality.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/BaileyHahn2001.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.01.02},
+ url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WK4-457VF34-14/2/9cd7bc170454fcfc79324ba8f7ad57a7}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Balota1984,
+ author = {Balota, David A. and James I. Chumbley},
+ title = {Are Lexical Decisions a Good Measure of Lexical Access? The Role
+ of Word Frequency in the Neglected Decision Stage},
+ journal = {Journal of Experimental Psychology},
+ year = {1984},
+ volume = {10},
+ pages = {340-357},
+ number = {3},
+ keywords = {Balota, David A. James I.},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/Classes/Linguistics/Ling812-Perception/Balota1984.pdf}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Balota2001,
+ author = {Balota, D. A. and Pilotti, M. and Cortese, M. J.},
+ title = {Subjective frequency estimates for 2,938 monosyllabic words},
+ journal = {Memory and Cognition},
+ year = {2001},
+ volume = {29},
+ pages = {639--647},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.09}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{BenkiJASA,
+ author = {Benk\'i, Jos\'e},
+ title = {Quantitative evaluation of lexical status, word frequency and neighborhood
+ density as context effects in spoken word recognition},
+ journal = JASA,
+ year = {2003},
+ volume = {113},
+ pages = {1689-1705},
+ number = {3},
+ keywords = {Benkk, Jose}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{BenkiPhonetica,
+ author = {Benk\'i, Jos\'e},
+ title = {Analysis of {E}nglish Nonsense Syllable Recognition in Noise},
+ journal = {Phonetica},
+ year = {2003},
+ volume = {60},
+ pages = {129-157},
+ keywords = {BenkÌ, JosÈ},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/LSA2003/Phonetics in Phono/BenkiPhonetica.pdf}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Benki2005,
+ author = {Jos\'e Benk\'i and Robert Felty},
+ title = {Recognition of English phonemes in noise},
+ journal = JASA,
+ year = {2005},
+ volume = {117},
+ pages = {2568},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2006.10.09}
+}
+
+@UNPUBLISHED{BenkiMandarin,
+ author = {Benk\'i, Jos\'e and J. Myers and Terrance Nearey},
+ title = {Lexical Frequency Effects in {M}andarin},
+ year = {in preparation},
+ keywords = {Benki, Jose, J. and Terence Nearey, mandarin}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Berent2004,
+ author = {Berent, I. and Vaknin, V. and Shimron, J.},
+ title = {Does a theory of language need a grammar? Evidence from Hebrew root
+ structure},
+ journal = {Brain And Language},
+ year = {2004},
+ volume = {90},
+ pages = {170--182},
+ number = {1-3},
+ month = jul,
+ abstract = {Hebrew constrains the occurrence of identical consonants in its roots:
+ Identical consonants are acceptable root finally (e.g., skk), but
+ not root initially (e.g., kks). Speakers' ability to freely generalize
+ this constraint to novel phonemes (Berent, Marcus, Shimron, & Gafos,
+ 2002) suggests that they represent segment identity-a relation among
+ mental variables. An alternative account attributes the restriction
+ on identical phonemes to their feature similarity, captured by either
+ the number of shared features or their statistical frequency-The
+ similarity account predicts that roots with partially similar consonants
+ (e.g., sgk) should be at least as acceptable as roots with fully
+ identical consonants (e.g., skk), and each of these roots should
+ be less acceptable than dissimilar controls (e.g., gdn). Contrary
+ to these predictions, three lexical decision experiments demonstrate
+ that full identity is more acceptable than partial similarity and
+ (in some cases) controls. Speakers' sensitivity to consonant identity
+ suggests that linguistic competence, in general, and phonology, in
+ particular, encompass a computational mechanism that operates over
+ variables. This conclusion is consistent with linguistic accounts
+ that postulate a symbolic grammatical component that is irreducible
+ to the statistical properties of the lexicon},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/BerentVaknin2003.pdf},
+ sn = {0093-934X},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.10},
+ ut = {ISI:000222062500018}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Bertram2000,
+ author = {Bertram, Raymond and Laine, Matti and Harald Baayen, R. and Schreuder,
+ Robert and Hyona, Jukka},
+ title = {Affixal Homonymy triggers full-form storage, even with inflected
+ words, even in a morphologically rich language},
+ journal = {Cognition},
+ year = {2000},
+ volume = {74},
+ pages = {B13--B25},
+ number = {2},
+ month = feb,
+ abstract = {This paper investigates whether affixal homonymy, the phenomenon that
+ one affix form serves two or more semantic/syntactic functions, affects
+ lexical processing of inflected words in a similar way for a morphologically
+ rich language such as Finnish as for morphologically restricted languages
+ such as Dutch and English. For the latter two languages, there is
+ evidence that affixal homonymy triggers full-form storage for inflected
+ words (Bertram, R., Schreuder, R., and Baayen, R. H. (in press).
+ The balance of storage and computation in morphological processing:
+ the role of word formation type, affixal homonymy, and productivity.
+ Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition;
+ . Processing of English inflectional morphology. Memory and Cognition,
+ 25, 425-437). Two visual lexical decision experiments show the same
+ pattern for Finnish. Apparently, the substantially richer morphology
+ in Finnish does not prevent full-form storage for inflected words
+ when the affix is homonymic.},
+ keywords = {Affixal Homonymy, Full-form storage, Morphologically rich languages},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.09},
+ url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T24-3Y6RF0B-4/2/04bb420f58933395ba981a099b02d02c}
+}
+
+@INCOLLECTION{Bierwisch1967,
+ author = {Bierwisch, Manfred},
+ title = {Syntactic features in morphology: General problems of so-called pronominal
+ inflection in {G}erman},
+ booktitle = {To Honor Roman Jakobson},
+ publisher = {Mouton},
+ year = {1967},
+ pages = {239-270},
+ address = {The Hague},
+ keywords = {Bierwisch, Manfred. 1967}
+}
+
+@INCOLLECTION{Blevins2000,
+ author = {Blevins, James P},
+ title = { Markedness and blocking in {G}erman declensional paradigms},
+ booktitle = { Lexicon in focus},
+ publisher = {Akademie-Verlag},
+ year = {2000},
+ editor = {Barbara Stiebels and Dieter Wunderlich},
+ pages = {83-103},
+ address = {Berlin},
+ keywords = {Blevins, James P}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Blevins1995,
+ author = {Blevins, James P},
+ title = { Syncretism and paradigmatic opposition},
+ journal = {Linguistics and Philosophy},
+ year = {1995},
+ volume = {18},
+ pages = {113-152},
+ keywords = {Blevins, James P}
+}
+
+@MISC{Praat,
+ author = {Boersma, Paul and Weenink, David},
+ title = {Praat: doing phonetics by computer (Version 4.4.12) [Computer program]},
+ year = {2006},
+ keywords = {Praat},
+ url = {http://www.praat.org/}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Boothroyd1988,
+ author = {Boothroyd, Arthur and Nittrouer, Susan},
+ title = {Mathematical treatment of context effects in phoneme and word recognition},
+ journal = JASA,
+ year = {1988},
+ volume = {84},
+ pages = {101-114},
+ keywords = {Boothroyd, A and Nittrouer S.},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/BoothroydNittrouer1988.pdf}
+}
+
+@INPROCEEDINGS{Boudelaa2000,
+ author = {Boudelaa, S. and Marslen-Wilson, W. D.},
+ title = {Non-concatenative morphemes in language processing: Evidence from
+ Modern Standard Arabic},
+ booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Spoken Word Access Processes},
+ year = {2000},
+ editor = {A. Cutler and J.M. McQueen and R. Zondervan},
+ pages = {23–-26},
+ address = {Nijmegen, The Netherlands},
+ publisher = {Max-Planck Institute for Psychol inguistics.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.13}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Bradlow1999,
+ author = {Bradlow, Ann and David Pisoni},
+ title = {Recognition of spoken words by native and non-native listeners: Talker-,
+ listener- and item-related factors},
+ journal = JASA,
+ year = {1999},
+ volume = {106},
+ pages = {2074-2085},
+ number = {4},
+ keywords = {Bradlow, Ann and David Pisoni},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/BradlowPisoni1999.pdf}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Bradlow1994,
+ author = {Bradlow, Ann and David Pisoni},
+ title = {Using a multi-talker database to identify sentence- and talker-dependent
+ correlates of speech intelligibility: Preliminary results},
+ journal = JASA,
+ year = {1994},
+ volume = {95},
+ pages = {3010},
+ number = {5},
+ keywords = {Bradlow, Ann and David Pisoni}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Broadbent1967,
+ author = {Broadbent, D.},
+ title = {Word-Frequency Effect and Response Bias},
+ journal = {Psychological Review},
+ year = {1967},
+ volume = {74},
+ pages = {1-15},
+ keywords = {Broadbent, D.},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/Classes/Linguistics/Ling812-Perception/Broadbent1967.pdf}
+}
+
+@BOOK{Bybee2001,
+ title = {Phonology and Language Use},
+ publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
+ year = {2001},
+ author = {Joan Bybee},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.01.25}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Bybee1995,
+ author = {Bybee, Joan L.},
+ title = {Regular morphology and the lexicon},
+ journal = {Language and Cognitive Processes},
+ year = {1995},
+ volume = {10},
+ pages = {425-455},
+ keywords = {Bybee},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Bybee1995.pdf}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Caramazza1988,
+ author = {Caramazza, Alfonso and Laudanna, Alessandro and Romani, Cristina},
+ title = {Lexical access and inflectional morphology},
+ journal = {Cognition},
+ year = {1988},
+ volume = {28},
+ pages = {297--332},
+ number = {3},
+ month = apr,
+ abstract = {This study investigated the hypothesis that lexical representations
+ are stored in morphologically decomposed form. Three lexical decision
+ experiments in which the morphological structure of nonword stimuli
+ was varied are reported. Systematic effects of morphological structure
+ on reaction time and error performance were obtained. In particular,
+ it was found that: (1) morphologically nondecomposable nonwords were
+ easiest to process; (2) nonwords with partial morphological structure
+ were processed with greater difficulty than this latter set of stimuli;
+ and, (3) morphologically legal nonwords (i.e., nonwords that are
+ exhaustively decomposable into morphemes) were processed with the
+ greatest difficulty. Furthermore, it was found that within the class
+ of morphologically legal nonwords performance was affected by the
+ type of relationship that obtained between the morphemes that comprised
+ a stimulus item. These results, which are interpreted as evidence
+ in favor of the hypothesis that lexical representations are morphologically
+ decomposed, are discussed in the context of the Augmented Addressed
+ Morphology Model.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/CaramazzaLaudannaRomani1988.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.13},
+ url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T24-45WHV6D-4D/2/2d9f0769a3f41e5937870a6958c1ebe6}
+}
+
+@INCOLLECTION{Chang2001,
+ author = {Steve Chang and Madelaine Plauch\'e and John Ohala},
+ title = {Markedness and consonant confusion asymmetries},
+ booktitle = {The role of speech perception in phonology},
+ publisher = {Academic Press},
+ year = {2001},
+ editor = {Elizabeth Hume and Keith Johnson },
+ address = {San Diego},
+ keywords = {ohala plauche chang confusion asymmetry}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Clahsen1999,
+ author = {Harald Clahsen},
+ title = {Lexical entries and rules of language:
+
+ A multidisciplinary study
+
+ of German inflection},
+ journal = {Behavioral and Brian Sciences},
+ year = {1999},
+ volume = {22},
+ pages = {991--1060},
+ abstract = {Following much work in linguistic theory, it is hypothesized that
+ the language faculty has a modular structure and consists of two
+ basic components, a lexicon of (structured) entries and a computational
+ system of combinatorial operations to form larger linguistic expressions
+ from lexical entries. This target article provides evidence for the
+ dual nature of the language faculty by describing recent results
+ of a multidisciplinary investigation of German inflection. We have
+ examined: (1) its linguistic representation, focussing on noun plurals
+ and verb inflection (participles), (2) processes involved in the
+ way adults produce and comprehend inflected words, (3) brain potentials
+ generated during the processing of inflected words, and (4) the way
+ children acquire and use inflection. It will be shown that the evidence
+ from all these sources converges and supports the distinction between
+ lexical entries and combinatorial operations. Our experimental results
+ indicate that adults have access to two distinct processing routes,
+ one accessing (irregularly) inflected entries from the mental lexicon
+ and another involving morphological decomposition of (regularly)
+ inflected words into stem
+ routes correspond to the dual structure of the linguistic system.
+ Results from event-related potentials confirm this linguistic distinction
+ at the level of brain structures. In children’s language, we have
+ also found these two processes to be clearly dissociated; regular
+ and irregular inflection are used under different circumstances,
+ and the constraints under which children apply them are identical
+ to those of the adult linguistic system.
+
+
+ Our findings will be explained in terms of a linguistic model that
+ maintains the distinction between the lexicon and the computational
+ system but replaces the traditional view of the lexicon as a simple
+ list of idiosyncrasies with the notion of internally structured lexical
+ representations.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Clahsen1999.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.13}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Clahsen2004,
+ author = {Clahsen, H. and Hadler, M. and Weyerts, H.},
+ title = {Speeded production of inflected words in children and adults},
+ journal = {Journal Of Child Language},
+ year = {2004},
+ volume = {31},
+ pages = {683--712},
+ number = {3},
+ month = aug,
+ abstract = {This study examines the production of regular and irregular participle
+ forms of German with high and low frequencies using a speeded production
+ task. 40 children in two age groups (five- to seven-year olds, eleven-
+ to twelve-year olds) and 35 adult native speakers of German listened
+ to stem forms of verbs presented in a sentential context and were
+ asked to produce corresponding participle forms as quickly and accurately
+ as possible. Dependent variables were the subjects' participle-production
+ latencies and error rates. We found contrasts between the production
+ of regular and irregular forms in both children and adults, with
+ respect to the production latencies and types of morphological error.
+ Children overapplied the regular patterns to forms that are irregular
+ in the adult language, but not vice versa. High-frequency irregular
+ participles were produced faster (and amongst the children more accurately)
+ than low-frequency ones, whereas regular participles yielded a reverse
+ frequency effect, i.e. longer production latencies for high-frequency
+ forms than for low-frequency ones, in the two groups of children
+ as well as in one subgroup of adults. We explain these findings from
+ the perspective of dual-mechanism models of inflection arguing that
+ the mental mechanisms and representations for processing morphologically
+ complex words ('words' and 'rules') are the same in children and
+ adults, and that the observed child/adult differences in participle
+ production are due to slower and less accurate lexical access in
+ children than in adults.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/ClahsenHadlerWeyerts2004.pdf},
+ sn = {0305-0009},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.10},
+ ut = {ISI:000225903800008}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Clahsen2001,
+ author = {Clahsen, Harald and Sonja Isenbeiss and Meike Hadler and Ingrid Sonnenstuhl},
+ title = {The mental representations of inflected words: an experimental study
+ of adjectives and verbs in {G}erman},
+ journal = {Language},
+ year = {2001},
+ volume = {77},
+ pages = {510-543},
+ number = {3},
+ keywords = {Clahsen, Harald, Sonja Isenbeiss, Meike Hadler and Ingrid Sonnenstuhl},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/ClahsenEtAl2001.pdf}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{ColeRudnicky1983,
+ author = {Ronald A. Cole and Alexander I. Rudnicky},
+ title = {What's new in speech perception? The research and ideas of {W}illiam
+ {C}handler {B}agley, 1874-1946},
+ journal = {Psychological Review},
+ year = {1983},
+ volume = {90},
+ pages = {94-101},
+ number = {1},
+ keywords = {Cole Rudnicky William Chandler Bagley}
+}
+
+@INPROCEEDINGS{Coleman1997,
+ author = {John Coleman and Janet Pierrehumbert},
+ title = {Stochastic phonological grammars and acceptability},
+ booktitle = {Computational phonology: Third meeting of the ACL special interest
+ group in computational phonology},
+ year = {1997},
+ editor = {John Coleman},
+ pages = {49-56},
+ address = {Somerset, NJ},
+ organization = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
+ publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/randomArticles/Coleman1997.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2006.10.24}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Coltheart1993,
+ author = {Coltheart, Max and Curtis, Brent and Atkins, Paul and Haller, Michael},
+ title = {Models of Reading Aloud: Dual-Route and Parallel-Distributed-Processing
+ Approaches,},
+ journal = {Psychological Review},
+ year = {1993},
+ volume = {100},
+ pages = {589--608},
+ number = {4},
+ month = oct,
+ abstract = {It has often been argued that various facts about skilled reading
+ aloud cannot be explained by any model unless that model possesses
+ a dual-route architecture (lexical and nonlexical routes from print
+ to speech). This broad claim has been challenged by Seidenberg and
+ McClelland (1989, 1990). Their model has but a single route from
+ print to speech, yet, they contend, it can account form major facts
+ about reading that have hitherto been claimed to require a dual-route
+ architecture. The authors identify 6 of these major facts about reading.
+ The 1-route model proposed by Seidenberg and McClelland can account
+ for the first of these but not the remaining 5. Because models with
+ dual-route architectures can explain all 6 of these basic facts about
+ reading, the authors suggest that this remains the viable architecture
+ for any tenable model of skilled reading and learning to read. The
+ dual-route cascaded model, a computational version of the dual-route
+ model, is described.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Coltheart1993.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.12},
+ url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6X04-46T966N-S/2/69edd4c17b69e04b5f29ecea4d05f1d6}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Connine1994,
+ author = {Connine, Cynthia M. and Dawn G. Glasko and Jian Wang},
+ title = {Vertical similarity in spoken word recognition: Multiple lexical
+ activation, individual differences, and the role of sentence context},
+ journal = {Perception and Psychophysics},
+ year = {1994},
+ volume = {56},
+ pages = {624-636},
+ number = {6},
+ keywords = {Connine bilingual }
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Conrad2004,
+ author = {Conrad, M. and Jacobs, A.},
+ title = {Replicating syllable frequency effects in Spanish in German: One
+ more challenge to computational models of visual word recognition},
+ journal = {Language and Cognitive Processes},
+ year = {2004},
+ volume = {19},
+ pages = {369--390},
+ number = {3},
+ month = jun,
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Conrad2004.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2006.12.11}
+}
+
+@INCOLLECTION{Cutler1979,
+ author = {Cutler, Anne and Dennis Norris},
+ title = {Monitoring sentence comprehension},
+ booktitle = {Sentence processing: Psycholinguistics studies presented to Merrill
+ Garrett},
+ publisher = {Erlbaum},
+ year = {1979},
+ editor = {W. E. Cooper and E. C. T. Walker},
+ keywords = {Cutler, Anne, }
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Cutler2004,
+ author = {Cutler, Anne and Andreas Weber and Roel Smits and Nicole Cooper},
+ title = {Patterns of {E}nglish phoneme confusions by native and non-native
+ listeners},
+ journal = JASA,
+ year = {2004},
+ volume = {116},
+ pages = {3668-3678},
+ number = {6},
+ keywords = {Cutler, Anne and Andreas Weber and Roel Smits and Nicole Cooper}
+}
+
+@PHDTHESIS{Dailey1997,
+ author = {Dailey-O'Cain, Jennifer L.},
+ title = {Geographic and Socio-political Influences on Language Ideology and
+ Attitudes Toward Language Variation in Post-unification Germany},
+ school = {University of Michigan},
+ year = {1997},
+ keywords = {Dailey O'Cain, language variation, German}
+}
+
+@BOOK{vanDam1940,
+ title = {Handbuch der {D}eutschen {S}prache. {Z}weiter {B}and: {W}ortlehre},
+ publisher = {J. B. Wolter's Uitgevers-Maatschappij N.V.},
+ year = {1940},
+ author = {van Dam, J.},
+ address = {Groningen},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.14}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Drews1995,
+ author = {Drews, Etta and Piene Zwitser\-lood},
+ title = {Morphological and Orthographic Similarity in Visual Word Recognition},
+ journal = {Journal of Experimental Psychology},
+ year = {1995},
+ volume = {21},
+ pages = {1098- 1116},
+ number = {5},
+ keywords = {Drews, Etta and Piene Zwitserlood}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Eddington2000,
+ author = {Eddington, D.},
+ title = {Analogy and the dual-route model of morphology},
+ journal = {Lingua},
+ year = {2000},
+ volume = {110},
+ pages = {281--298},
+ number = {4},
+ month = apr,
+ abstract = {Prasada and Pinker's (1993) subjects provided past tense forms of
+ nonce verbs. The subject's willingness to provide irregular past
+ tense forms correlated with the verb's phonological similarity to
+ existing irregular English verbs. However, there:was no correlation
+ between the number of nonce verbs assigned regular inflection, and
+ the verb's similarity to existing regular verbs. According to the
+ dual-route model, this is expected since irregular items are stored
+ in associative memory, while regular items take an allomorph of -ed
+ by rule. A single-route connectionist simulation failed to duplicate
+ the subject's behavior on regular verbs.
+
+
+ Two instance-based models were applied to the data: Analogical Modeling
+ of Language and the Tilburg Memory Based Learner. Each model employed
+ a-similarity algorithm to determine the behavior of all regular and
+ irregular items. Both models successfully mirrored the subject's
+ responses. Therefore, the data are consistent with an, instance-based
+ single-route model of morphology.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Eddington2000.pdf},
+ sn = {0024-3841},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.10},
+ ut = {ISI:000085868800003}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Elman2004,
+ author = {Elman, Jeffrey L.},
+ title = {An alternative view of the mental lexicon},
+ journal = {Trends in Cognitive Sciences},
+ year = {2004},
+ volume = {8},
+ pages = {301--306},
+ number = {7},
+ month = jul,
+ abstract = {An essential aspect of knowing language is knowing the words of that
+ language. This knowledge is usually thought to reside in the mental
+ lexicon, a kind of dictionary that contains information regarding
+ a word's meaning, pronunciation, syntactic characteristics, and so
+ on. In this article, a very different view is presented. In this
+ view, words are understood as stimuli that operate directly on mental
+ states. The phonological, syntactic and semantic properties of a
+ word are revealed by the effects it has on those states.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Elman2004.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.12}
+}
+
+@BOOK{Fletcher1953,
+ title = {Speech and Hearing in Communication},
+ publisher = {Krieger},
+ year = {1953},
+ author = {Fletcher, Harvey},
+ address = {New York},
+ keywords = {Fletcher, Harvey}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Forster2000,
+ author = {Forster, Kenneth I. and Azuma, Tamiko},
+ title = {Masked priming for prefixed words with bound stems: Does <i>submit</i>
+ prime <i>permit</i>?},
+ journal = {Language and Cognitive Processes},
+ year = {2000},
+ volume = {15},
+ pages = {539--561},
+ number = {4 - 5},
+ month = aug,
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Forster2000.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2006.12.13},
+ url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01690960050119698}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Plaut2000,
+ author = {Frost, Ram and Grainger, Jonathan},
+ title = {Cross-linguistic perspectives on morphological processing: An introduction},
+ journal = {Language and Cognitive Processes},
+ year = {2000},
+ volume = {15},
+ pages = {321--328},
+ number = {4 - 5},
+ month = aug,
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Frost2000.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2006.12.13},
+ url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01690960050119616}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Ganong1980,
+ author = {Ganong, William F. III},
+ title = {Phonetic Categorization in Auditory Word Perception},
+ journal = {Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance},
+ year = {1980},
+ volume = {6},
+ pages = {110-125},
+ number = {1},
+ keywords = {Ganong, Lexical Index Shift}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Goldinger1998,
+ author = {Gol\-dinger, Stephen D},
+ title = {Signal detection comparisons of phonemic and phonetic priming: The
+ flexible-bias problem},
+ journal = {Perception and Psychophysics},
+ year = {1998},
+ volume = {60},
+ pages = {952-965},
+ number = {6},
+ keywords = {Goldinger, Stephen D}
+}
+
+@PHDTHESIS{Gordon1997,
+ author = {Gordon, Matthew},
+ title = {Urban sound change beyond city limits: the spread of the Northern
+ Cities Shift in Michigan},
+ school = {University of Michigan dissertation},
+ year = {1997},
+ keywords = {Gordon northern cities shift}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Graf2005,
+ author = {Graf, R. and Nagler, M. and Jacobs, A. M.},
+ title = {Factor analysis of 57 variables in visual word recognition},
+ journal = {ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PSYCHOLOGIE},
+ year = {2005},
+ volume = {116},
+ pages = {205--218},
+ number = {4},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2006.12.11}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Hahn2000,
+ author = {Hahn, U. and Nakisa, R. C.},
+ title = {German inflection: Single route or dual route?},
+ journal = {Cognitive Psychology},
+ year = {2000},
+ volume = {41},
+ pages = {313--360},
+ number = {4},
+ month = dec,
+ keywords = {single dual route},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/HahnNakisa2000.pdf},
+ sn = {0010-0285},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.06},
+ ut = {ISI:000165767000001}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Hahne2006,
+ author = {Hahne, A. and Mueller, J. L. and Clahsen, H.},
+ title = {Morphological processing in a second language: Behavioral and event-related
+ brain potential evidence for storage and decomposition},
+ journal = {Journal Of Cognitive Neuroscience},
+ year = {2006},
+ volume = {18},
+ pages = {121--134},
+ number = {1},
+ month = jan,
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/HahneMuellerClahsen2006.pdf},
+ sn = {0898-929X},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.10},
+ ut = {ISI:000235368200011}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Hillenbrand1995,
+ author = {Hillenbrand, J.M. and Getty, L.A. and Clark, M.J. and Wheeler, K.},
+ journal = JASA,
+ year = {1995},
+ volume = {97},
+ pages = {3099-3111},
+ number = {5},
+ keywords = {Hillendbrand english vowels Peterson and Barney}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Hirsh1954,
+ author = {Hirsh, I., Elizabeth g. and Maurice Joseph},
+ title = {Intelligibility of Different Speech Materials},
+ journal = JASA,
+ year = {1954},
+ volume = {26},
+ pages = {530-538},
+ number = {4},
+ keywords = {Hirsh, I., Elizabeth g. and Maurice Joseph}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Imai2005,
+ author = {Satomi Imai and Amanda C. Walley and James E. Flege},
+ title = {Lexical frequency and neighborhood density effects on the recognition
+ of native and Spanish-accented words by native English and Spanish
+ listeners},
+ journal = JASA,
+ year = {2005},
+ volume = {117},
+ pages = {896--907},
+ abstract = {This study examined the effect of presumed mismatches between speech
+ input and the phonological representations of English words by native
+ speakers of English
+ which were produced by a NE speaker and a NS speaker, varied orthogonally
+ in lexical frequency and neighborhood density and were presented
+ to NE listeners and to NS listeners who differed in English pronunciation
+ proficiency. It was hypothesized that mismatches between phonological
+ representations and speech input would impair word recognition, especially
+ for items from dense lexical neighborhoods which are phonologically
+ similar to many other words and require finer sound discrimination.
+ Further, it was assumed that L2 phonological representations would
+ change with L2 proficiency. The results showed the expected mismatch
+ effect only for words from dense neighborhoods. For Spanish-accented
+ stimuli, the NS groups recognized more words from dense neighborhoods
+ than the NE group did. For native-produced stimuli, the low-proficiency
+ NS group recognized fewer words than the other two groups. The-high
+ proficiency NS participants’ performance was as good as the NE group’s
+ for words from sparse neighborhoods, but not for words from dense
+ neighborhoods. These results are discussed in relation to the development
+ of phonological representations of L2 words.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/ImaiWalleyFlege2005.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.15}
+}
+
+@BOOK{IPA,
+ title = {Handbook of the International Phonetic Association},
+ publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
+ year = {1999},
+ author = {{International Phonetic Association}},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.08}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Isel2003,
+ author = {Isel, Fr\'ederic and Thomas C. Gunter and Angela D. Friederici},
+ title = {Prosody-Assisted Head-Driven Access to Spoken {G}erman Compounds},
+ journal = {Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition},
+ year = {2003},
+ volume = {29},
+ pages = {277-288},
+ number = {2},
+ keywords = {Isel, Frederic, Thomas C. and Angela D.}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Jacobs1991,
+ author = {Jacobs, Robert A. and Jordan, Michael I. and Barto, Andrew G.},
+ title = {Task decomposition through competition in a modular connectionist
+ architecture: The what and where vision tasks},
+ journal = {Cognitive Science},
+ year = {1991},
+ volume = {15},
+ pages = {219--250},
+ number = {2},
+ abstract = {A novel modular connectionist architecture is presented in which the
+ networks composing the architecture compete to learn the training
+ patterns. An outcome of the competition is that different networks
+ learn different training patterns and, thus, learn to compute different
+ functions. The architecture performs task decomposition in the sense
+ that it learns to partition a task into two or more functionally
+ independent tasks and allocates distinct networks to learn each task.
+ In addition, the architecture tends to allocate to each task the
+ network whose topology is most appropriate to that task. The architecture's
+ performance on "what" and "where" vision tasks is presented and compared
+ with the performance of two multilayer networks. Finally, it is noted
+ that function decomposition is an underconstrained problem, and,
+ thus, different modular architectures may decompose a function in
+ different ways. A desirable decomposition can be achieved if the
+ architecture is suitably restricted in the types of functions that
+ it can compute. Finding appropriate restrictions is possible through
+ the application of domain knowledge. A strength of the modular architecture
+ is that its structure is well suited for incorporating domain knowledge.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/JacobsJordanBarto1991.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.14}
+}
+
+@INCOLLECTION{Johnson1997,
+ author = {Keith Johnson},
+ title = {Speech perception without speaker normalization: An exemplar model},
+ booktitle = {Talker Variability in Speech Processing},
+ publisher = {Academic Press},
+ year = {1997},
+ editor = {Keith Johnson and J.W. Mullennix},
+ address = {San Diego},
+ keywords = {Johnson, exemplar}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{deJong2000,
+ author = {Nivja H. de Jong and Robert Schreuder and R. Harald Baayen},
+ title = {The morphological family size effect and morphology},
+ journal = {Language and Cognitive Processes},
+ year = {2000},
+ volume = {V15},
+ pages = {329--365},
+ number = {4},
+ month = aug,
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/deJongSchreuderBaayen2000.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.09},
+ url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01690960050119625}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Krott2006,
+ author = {Krott, A. and Baayen, R. H. and Hagoort, P.},
+ title = {The nature of anterior negativities caused by misapplications of
+ morphological rules},
+ journal = {Journal Of Cognitive Neuroscience},
+ year = {2006},
+ volume = {18},
+ pages = {1616--1630},
+ number = {10},
+ month = oct,
+ af = {Krott, AndreaEOLEOLBaayen, R. HaraldEOLEOLHagoort, Peter},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/KrottBaayenHagoort2006.pdf},
+ sn = {0898-929X},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.06},
+ ut = {ISI:000241278500002}
+}
+
+@BOOK{Kucera1967,
+ title = {Computational Analysis of Present Day American {E}nglish},
+ publisher = {Brown University Press},
+ year = {1967},
+ author = {Ku{\v c}era, F. and Francis, W.},
+ address = {Providence},
+ keywords = {Kucera, F., and Francis, W. }
+}
+
+@INCOLLECTION{Lahiri2002,
+ author = {Aditi Lahiri and Henning Reetz},
+ title = {Underspecified Recognition},
+ booktitle = {Papers in Laboratory Phonology 7},
+ publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter},
+ year = {2002},
+ editor = {Carlos Gussenhoven, Natasha Warner and Toni Rietveld},
+ address = {New York},
+ keywords = {Lahiri Reetz FUL}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Laine1999,
+ author = {Laine, M and S. Vainio and J. Hy\"on\"a},
+ title = {Lexical access routes to nouns in a morphologically rich language},
+ journal = {Journal of Memory and Language},
+ year = {1999},
+ volume = {40},
+ pages = {109-135},
+ keywords = {Laine, M, S. and J. Hyona}
+}
+
+@MISC{Lenzo1998,
+ author = {Lenzo, K.},
+ title = {Text-to-phoneme converter builder software},
+ year = {1998},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.19},
+ url = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~lenzo/t2p/}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Lorch1990,
+ author = {Lorch, Robert F. and Myers, Jerome L.},
+ title = {Regression analyses of repeated measures data in cognitive research.},
+ journal = {Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition},
+ year = {1990},
+ volume = {16},
+ pages = {149--157},
+ number = {1},
+ month = jan,
+ abstract = {Repeated measures designs involving nonorthogonal variables are being
+ used with increasing frequency in cognitive psychology. Researchers
+ usually analyze the data from such designs inappropriately, probably
+ because the designs are not discussed in standard textbooks on regression.
+ Two commonly used approaches to analyzing repeated measures designs
+ are considered in this article. It is argued that both approaches
+ use inappropriate error terms for testing the effects of independent
+ variables. A more appropriate analysis is presented, and two alternative
+ computational procedures for the analysis are illustrated. (PsycINFO
+ Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)},
+ comment = {Accession Number: xlm-16-1-149. First Author & Affiliation: Lorch,
+ Robert F.; U Kentucky, Lexington, US. Release Date: 19900401. Publication
+ Type: Journal, Peer Reviewed Journal. Language: English. Major Descriptor(s):
+ Cognitive Psychology; Experimentation; Repeated Measures; Statistical
+ Regression. Minor Descriptor(s): Methodology. Classification: Cognitive
+ Processes (2340); Population: Human (10); . References Available:
+ Y.},
+ issn = {0278-7393},
+ keywords = {regression analyses of repeated measures data in cognitive psychology
+ research, Cognitive Psychology, Experimentation, Repeated Measures,
+ Statistical Regression, Methodology},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/LorchMyers1990.pdf},
+ publisher = {American Psychological Assn},
+ timestamp = {2007.01.02},
+ url = {http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=pdh&AN=xlm-16-1-149&site=ehost-live}
+}
+
+@PHDTHESIS{Luce1986,
+ author = {Paul Luce},
+ title = {Neighborhoods of words in the mental lexicon},
+ school = {Indiana University},
+ year = {1986},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2006.10.09}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Luce1998,
+ author = {Luce, Paul and David Pisoni},
+ title = {Recognizing spoken words: The neighborhood activation model},
+ journal = {Ear and Hearing},
+ year = {1998},
+ volume = {19},
+ pages = {1-36},
+ keywords = { NAM Luce Pisoni},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/Classes/Linguistics/Ling812-Perception/LucePisoni1998.pdf}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Munte1999,
+ author = {M\"unte, Thomas F and Tessa Say and Harald Clahsen and Kolja Schiltz
+ and Marta Kutas},
+ title = {Decomposition of morphologically complex words in {E}nglish: evidence
+ from event-related brain potentials},
+ journal = {Cognitive Brain Research},
+ year = {1999},
+ volume = {7},
+ pages = {241 - 253},
+ keywords = {Munte, Thomas F and Tessa Say, Harald Clahsen, Kolja Schiltz and Marta
+ Kutas},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/MunteEtAl1999.pdf}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{MacWhinney1991,
+ author = {MacWhinney, Brian and Leinbach, Jared},
+ title = {Implementations are not conceptualizations: Revising the verb learning
+ model},
+ journal = {Cognition},
+ year = {1991},
+ volume = {40},
+ pages = {121--157},
+ number = {1-2},
+ month = aug,
+ abstract = {In a recent issue of this journal, Pinker and Prince (1988) and Lachter
+ and Bever (1988) presented detailed critiques of Rumelhart and McClelland's
+ (1986) connectionist model of the child's learning of the phonological
+ form of the English past tense. In order to address these criticisms,
+ a new connectionist model was constructed using the back-propagation
+ algorithm, a larger input corpus, a fuller paradigm, and a new phonological
+ representation. This new implementation successfully addressed the
+ criticisms of the phonological representation used by Rumelhart and
+ McClelland. It did a much better job of learning the past tense using
+ a fuller input set with realistic frequencies of occurrence. Ancillary
+ simulations using the same network were able to deal with the homonymy
+ problem and the generation of forms like "ated" from "ate". The one
+ feature not provided by the new model was a way of modeling early
+ correct production of irregular forms. The success of the new model
+ can be used to help clarify the extent to which the published critiques
+ apply to a particular connectionist implementation as opposed to
+ fundamental principles underlying the broader connectionist conceptualization.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/MacWhinneyLeinbach1991.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.13}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Marcus1995,
+ author = {Marcus, G. F. and Brinkman, U. and Clahsen, H. and Wiese, R. and
+ Pinker, S.},
+ title = {German inflection: The exception that proves the rule},
+ journal = {Cognitive Psychology},
+ year = {1995},
+ volume = {29},
+ pages = {189--256},
+ number = {3},
+ month = dec,
+ abstract = {Language is often explained as the product of generative rules and
+ a memorized lexicon. For example, most English verbs take a regular
+ past tense suffix (ask-asked), which is applied to new verbs (faxed,
+ wugged), suggesting the mental rule ''add-ed to a Verb.'' Irregular
+ verbs (break-broke, go-went) would be listed in memory. Alternatively,
+ a pattern associator memory (such as a connectionist network) might
+ record all past tense forms and generalize to new ones by similarity;
+ irregular and regular patterns would differ only because of their
+ different numbers of verbs. We present evidence that mental rules
+ are indispensible. A rule concatenates a suffix to a symbol for verbs,
+ so it does not require access to memorized verbs or their sound patterns,
+ but applies as the ''default,'' whenever memory access fails. We
+ find 21 such circumstances for regular past tense formation, including
+ novel, unusual-sounding, and rootless and headless derived words;
+ in every case, people inflect them regularly (explaining quirks like
+ flied out, sabre-tooths, walkmans). Contrary to the connectionist
+ account, these effects are not due to regular words constituting
+ a large majority of vocabulary. The German participle -t applies
+ to a much smaller percentage of verbs than its English counterpart,
+ and the German plural -s applies to a small minority of nouns. Bur
+ the affixes behave in the language like their English counterparts,
+ as defaults. We corroborate this effect in two experiments eliciting
+ ratings of participle and plural forms of novel German words. Thus
+ default suffixation is not due to numerous regular words reinforcing
+ a pattern in associative memory. Because default cases do not occupy
+ a cohesive similarity space, but do correspond to the range of a
+ symbol, they are evidence for a memory-independent, symbol-concatenating
+ mental operation},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/MarcusBrinkmannClahsenWiesePinker1995.pdf},
+ sn = {0010-0285},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.11},
+ ut = {ISI:A1995TM28500001}
+}
+
+@INPROCEEDINGS{Marian1999,
+ author = {Marian, V. and Spivey, M.},
+ title = {Activation of {R}ussian and {E}nglish cohorts during bilingual spoken
+ word recognition },
+ booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science
+ Society},
+ year = {1999},
+ pages = {349-354},
+ address = {Mahwah, NJ},
+ publisher = {Erlbaum},
+ keywords = {marian spivey}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Marslen-Wilson2001,
+ author = {Marslen-Wilson, William},
+ title = {Access to lexical representations: Cross-linguistic issues},
+ journal = {Language and Cognitive Processes},
+ year = {2001},
+ volume = {16},
+ pages = {699-708},
+ number = {5/6},
+ keywords = {Marslen-Wilson, William},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Marslen-Wilson2001.pdf}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Marslen-Wilson1994,
+ author = {Marslen-Wilson, William and Lorraine K. Tyler and Rachelle Waksler
+ and Lianne Older},
+ title = {Morphology and meaning in the {E}nglish mental lexicon},
+ journal = {Psychological Review},
+ year = {1994},
+ volume = {101},
+ pages = {3-33},
+ keywords = {Marslen-Wilson}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Marslen-Wilson1989,
+ author = {Marslen-Wilson, William and Pienie Zwitser\-lood},
+ title = {Accessing Spoken Words: The Importance of Word Onsets},
+ journal = {Journal of Experimental Psychology},
+ year = {1989},
+ volume = {15},
+ pages = {576-585},
+ number = {3},
+ keywords = {Marslen-Wilson, William and Pienie Zwitserlood}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Martin2004,
+ author = {Martin, Fermin Moscoso del Prado and Kostic, Aleksandar and Baayen,
+ R. Harald},
+ title = {Putting the bits together: an information theoretical perspective
+ on morphological processing},
+ journal = {Cognition},
+ year = {2004},
+ volume = {94},
+ pages = {1--18},
+ number = {1},
+ month = nov,
+ abstract = {In this study we introduce an information-theoretical formulation
+ of the emergence of type- and token-based effects in morphological
+ processing. We describe a probabilistic measure of the informational
+ complexity of a word, its information residual, which encompasses
+ the combined influences of the amount of information contained by
+ the target word and the amount of information carried by its nested
+ morphological paradigms. By means of re-analyses of previously published
+ data on Dutch words we show that the information residual outperforms
+ the combination of traditional token- and type-based counts in predicting
+ response latencies in visual lexical decision, and at the same time
+ provides a parsimonious account of inflectional, derivational, and
+ compounding processes.},
+ keywords = {Inflection, Derivation, Compound, Morphology, Information theory,
+ Lexical decision},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.09},
+ url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T24-4C4X2C5-1/2/d88949c7cd3de31445656da63c1d1cbb}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{McClelland1988,
+ author = {McClelland, James L.},
+ title = {Connectionist models and psychological evidence},
+ journal = {Journal of Memory and Language},
+ year = {1988},
+ volume = {27},
+ pages = {107--123},
+ number = {2},
+ month = apr,
+ abstract = {In this article I review the connectionist framework for modeling
+ psychological processes, and I examine the role of connectionist
+ models in empirical psychology. I illustrate how modeling can reveal
+ the empirical implications of general principles, and I point out
+ that the connectionist framework is particularly apt for formalizing
+ certain proposed processing principles. The framework has led to
+ the discovery of new classes of explanations for basic findings;
+ it has led to unified accounts of disparate or contradictory phenomena;
+ and it has shed light on the relevance of certain types of evidence
+ for basic questions about the nature of the processing system.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/McClelland1988.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.14},
+ url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WK4-4D62K31-5M/2/c289e7eb53f8187ca46ec4d12f403260}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{McClellandElman,
+ author = {McClelland, J. L. and J. L. Elman},
+ title = {The TRACE model of spoken word recognition},
+ journal = {Cognitive Psychology},
+ year = {1986},
+ volume = {18},
+ pages = {1-86},
+ keywords = {McClelland, J. and J.}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{McClelland2002,
+ author = {McClelland, James L. and Patterson, Karalyn},
+ title = {Rules or connections in past-tense inflections: what does the evidence
+ rule out?},
+ journal = {Trends in Cognitive Sciences},
+ year = {2002},
+ volume = {6},
+ pages = {465--472},
+ number = {11},
+ month = nov,
+ abstract = {Pinker and colleagues propose two mechanisms - a rule system and a
+ lexical memory - to form past tenses and other inflections. They
+ predict that children's acquisition of the regular inflection is
+ sudden; that the regular inflection applies uniformly regardless
+ of phonological, semantic or other factors; and that the rule system
+ is separably vulnerable to disruption. A connectionist account makes
+ the opposite predictions. Pinker has taken existing evidence as support
+ for his theory, but the review of the evidence presented here contradicts
+ this assessment. Instead, it supports all three connectionist predictions:
+ gradual acquisition of the past tense inflection; graded sensitivity
+ to phonological and semantic content; and a single, integrated mechanism
+ for regular and irregular forms, dependent jointly on phonology and
+ semantics.},
+ keywords = {Rules, Connectionist Models, Parallel-Distributed Processing, Langauge
+ Processing, Past Tense, Inflectional Morphology},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/McClelland2002.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.11},
+ url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VH9-4777Y0F-D/2/698e13cee7eec7f957060cc0ef95d656}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Meador2000,
+ author = {Diane Meador and James E. Flege and Ian R. A. Mackay},
+ title = {Factors affecting the recognition of words in a second language},
+ journal = {Bilingualism: Language and Cognition},
+ year = {2000},
+ volume = {3},
+ pages = {55-67},
+ abstract = {This study examined the recognition of English words by groups of
+ native speakers of Italian who differed in age of arrival in Canada
+ and amount of continued native language use. The dependent variable
+ was the number of words correctly repeated in English sentences presented
+ in noise. Significantly higher word recognition scores were obtained
+ for early than late bilinguals, and for early bilinguals who used
+ Italian seldom than for early bilinguals who used Italian relatively
+ often. A hierarchical regression analysis showed that the native
+ Italian participants' ability to perceive English vowels and consonants
+ accounted for a significant amount of variance in the word-recognition
+ scores independently of age of arrival, amount of L1 use, and length
+ of residence in Canada. The native language use effect was interpreted
+ to have arisen from differences in the extent to which the early
+ bilinguals' Italian phonetic system influenced the representations
+ they developed for English vowels and consonants},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/MeadorFlegeMackay2000.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.15}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Moon1994,
+ author = {Seung-Jae Moon and Bjorn Lindblom},
+ title = {Interaction between duration, context, and speaking style in English
+ stressed vowels},
+ journal = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America},
+ year = {1994},
+ volume = {96},
+ pages = {40-55},
+ number = {1},
+ keywords = {VOWELS; SPEECH; TIMING PROPERTIES},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/MoonLindblom1997.pdf},
+ publisher = {ASA}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Murphy2004,
+ author = {Murphy, V. A.},
+ title = {Dissociable systems in second language inflectional morphology},
+ journal = {Studies In Second Language Acquisition},
+ year = {2004},
+ volume = {26},
+ pages = {433--459},
+ number = {3},
+ month = sep,
+ abstract = {Pinker and Prince (1988) argued that two dissociable systems underlie
+ the development of linguistic representations: one rule governed
+ and the other associative. These two dissociable systems of representation
+ and processing are claimed to be a linguistic universal (Pinker,
+ 1999). Therefore, one should expect that nonnative speakers of a
+ language also manifest the same kinds of dissociations in performance
+ between rule-based and associative features of language as native
+ speakers. The study reported here extends the work of Prasada and
+ Pinker (1993) into the second language (L2) domain to test whether
+ nonnative speakers (a) perform similarly to native speakers and (b)
+ dissociate rule-based from associative features of language. In Prasada
+ and Pinker, the degree of similarity between a nonce verb and a real
+ English verb influenced past-tense generalizations on nonce irregular
+ verbs but did not influence generalizations on nonce regular verbs.
+ In the experiment reported here, first language (L1) and L2 participants
+ of different ages and language groups were compared or the same task
+ as that used by Prasada and Pinker. Participants overall produced
+ more verbs with a past-tense suffix for nonce regular items than
+ for the nonce irregular items. Significant group effects indicate
+ that participants' varying levels of experience with English play
+ an important role in their past-tense productions of nonce verbs.
+ Furthermore, similarity influenced both the regular and irregular
+ verbs on a production task. These results are discussed in terms
+ of whether there are two dissociable systems underlying L2 linguistic
+ knowledge and whether an alternative single associative learning
+ mechanism could be responsible for the development of the system
+ of regular and irregular inflectional morphology in both L1 and L2
+ learning.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Murphy2004.pdf},
+ sn = {0272-2631},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.10},
+ ut = {ISI:000224743300003}
+}
+
+@INCOLLECTION{Nakisa2001,
+ author = {Nakisa, R. C. and Plunkett, K. and Hahn, U.},
+ title = { A cross-linguistic comparison of single and dual-route models of
+ inflectional morphology},
+ booktitle = {Models of language acquisition: inductive and deductive approaches},
+ publisher = {MIT Press},
+ year = {2001},
+ editor = {P. Broeder and J. Murre},
+ address = {Cambridge, MA},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.13}
+}
+
+@INCOLLECTION{Nearey2004,
+ author = {Nearey, Terrance},
+ title = {On the Factorability of Phonological Units in Speech Perception},
+ booktitle = {Laboratory Phonology 6},
+ publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
+ year = {2004},
+ editor = {John Local and Richard Ogden and Rosalind Temple},
+ address = {Cambridge},
+ keywords = {Nearey, Terrance}
+}
+
+@UNPUBLISHED{NeareySimulate,
+ author = {Nearey, Terrance},
+ title = {The factorability of phonological units in speech perception: Simulating
+ results on speech reception in noise},
+ note = {In R. Smyth (ed.) A festschrift for Bruce Derwing},
+ year = {in press},
+ keywords = {Nearey, Terrance}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Newman1997,
+ author = {Newman, Rochelle S. and James R. Sawusch and Paul A. Luce},
+ title = {Lexical Neighborhood Effects in Phonetic Processing},
+ journal = {Journal of Experimental Psychology},
+ year = {1997},
+ volume = {23},
+ pages = {873- 889},
+ number = {1},
+ keywords = {Newman, Rochelle S, James R. and Paul A.},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/Classes/Linguistics/Ling812-Perception/Newman1997.pdf}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Nittrouer1990,
+ author = {Nittrouer, S. and Boothroyd, A.},
+ title = {Context effects in phoneme and word recognition by young children
+ and older adults},
+ journal = JASA,
+ year = {1990},
+ volume = {87},
+ pages = {2705-2715},
+ keywords = {boothroyd, nittrouer, age}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Norris2000,
+ author = {Norris, Dennis and James M. McQueen and Anne Cutler},
+ title = {Merging information in speech: Feedback is never necessary},
+ journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
+ year = {2000},
+ volume = {23},
+ pages = {299-370},
+ keywords = {Norris, Dennis, James M. McQueen and Anne Cutler}
+}
+
+@TECHREPORT{Nusbaum1984,
+ author = {Nusbaum, H. C. and Pisoni, D. B. and Davis, C. K. },
+ title = {Sizing up the Hoosier mental lexicon: Measuring the familiarity of
+ 20 000 words},
+ institution = {Speech Research Laboratory, Psychology Department, Indiana University,
+ Bloomington},
+ year = {1984},
+ type = {Research on Speech Perception Progress Report No. 10 },
+ number = {10},
+ keywords = {hoosier mental lexicon}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Nygaard1998,
+ author = {Nygaard, L. C. and Pisoni, D. B.},
+ title = {Talker-specific learning in speech perception},
+ journal = {Perception and Psychophysics},
+ year = {1998},
+ volume = {60},
+ pages = {335--376},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.15}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Nygaard1994,
+ author = {Nygaard, L. C. and Sommers, M. C. and Pisoni, David. B.},
+ title = {Speech perception as a talker-contingent process},
+ journal = {Psychological Science},
+ year = {1994},
+ volume = {5},
+ pages = {42--46},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.15}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Olsen1997,
+ author = {Olsen, Wayne and Dianne Van Tasell and Charles Speaks},
+ title = {Phoneme and word recognition for words in isolation and sentences},
+ journal = {Ear and Hearing},
+ year = {1997},
+ volume = {18},
+ pages = {175-188},
+ number = {3},
+ keywords = {Olsen, Wayne, Dianne Van Tasell and Charles Speaks},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/OlsenEtAl1997.pdf}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Pallier2001,
+ author = {Pallier,Christophe and Colome,Angels and Sebastian-Galles,Nuria},
+ title = {The Influence of Native-language Phonology on Lexical Access: Exemplar-Based
+ Versus Abstract Lexical Entries},
+ journal = {Psychological Science},
+ year = {2001},
+ volume = {12},
+ pages = {445-449},
+ number = {6},
+ abstract = {This study used medium-term auditory repetition priming to investigate
+ word-recognition processes. Highly fluent Catalan-Spanish bilinguals
+ whose first language was either Catalan or Spanish were tested in
+ a lexical decision task involving Catalan words and nonwords. Spanish-dominant
+ individuals, but not Catalan-dominant individuals, exhibited repetition
+ priming for minimal pairs differing in only one feature that is nondistinctive
+ in Spanish (e.g., /net@/ vs. /nEt@/), thereby indicating that they
+ processed these words as homophones. This finding provides direct
+ evidence both that word recognition uses a language-specific phonological
+ representation and that lexical entries are stored in the mental
+ lexicon as abstract forms.},
+ doi = {10.1111/1467-9280.00383},
+ eprint = {http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1467-9280.00383},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/PallierColomeSebastian-Galles2001.pdf}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Penke2002,
+ author = {Penke, M. and Krause, M.},
+ title = {German noun plurals: A challenge to the Dual-Mechanism Model},
+ journal = {Brain And Language},
+ year = {2002},
+ volume = {81},
+ pages = {303--311},
+ number = {1-3},
+ month = apr,
+ abstract = {In this article, the authors test one of the central claims of the
+ Dual-Mechanism Model (Pinker & Prince, 1994), that is, that regular
+ inflection equals default inflection. Based on results from an elicitation
+ task with eight agrammatic Broca's aphasics and a lexical decision
+ task with unimpaired subjects, the authors show that this assumption
+ is not borne out. Their data on German plural inflection rather indicate
+ that regular inflection is not necessarily identical to default inflection.
+ To capture the German data. they have to assume regular but input-restricted
+ inflection besides regular default inflection.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/PenkeKrause2002.pdf},
+ sn = {0093-934X},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.11},
+ ut = {ISI:000175771500026}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Perea1998,
+ author = {Perea, Manuel and Carreiras, Manuel},
+ title = {Effects of syllable frequency and syllable neighborhood frequency
+ in visual word recognition.},
+ journal = {Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance},
+ year = {1998},
+ volume = {24},
+ pages = {134--144},
+ number = {1},
+ month = feb,
+ abstract = {Three experiments were carried out to analyze the role of syllable
+ frequency in lexical decision and naming. The results show inhibitory
+ effects of syllable frequency in the lexical decision task for both
+ high- and low-frequency words. In contrast, the effect of syllable
+ frequency is facilitatory in the naming task. A post hoc analysis
+ revealed the important role played by the number of higher frequency
+ syllabic neighbors (words that share a syllable with the target)
+ in the lexical decision task and the role of the frequency of the
+ first syllable in the naming task. Experiment 3 manipulated the neighborhood
+ syllable frequency directly by comparing words with few higher frequency
+ syllabic neighbors and words with many higher frequency syllabic
+ neighbors in the lexical decision task; an inhibitory neighborhood
+ syllable frequency effect was found. The results are interpreted
+ in terms of current models of visual word recognition and word naming.
+ (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved) (from
+ the journal abstract)},
+ comment = {Accession Number: xhp-24-1-134. First Author & Affiliation: Perea,
+ Manuel; U de València, Facultat de Psicologia, Area de Metodologia,
+ València, Spain. Release Date: 19980401. Publication Type: Journal,
+ Peer Reviewed Journal. Language: English. Major Descriptor(s): Lexical
+ Decision; Orthography; Syllables; Word Frequency; Word Recognition.
+ Minor Descriptor(s): Naming; Words (Phonetic Units). Classification:
+ Cognitive Processes (2340); Population: Human (10); Location: Spain.
+ Age Group: Adulthood (18 yrs & older) (300); Young Adulthood (18-29
+ yrs) (320); . Methodology: Empirical Study. References Available:
+ Y.},
+ issn = {0096-1523},
+ keywords = {syllable frequency & number & frequency of orthographic neighbors
+ of high- vs low-frequency words, lexical decision & word naming,
+ college students, Spain, Lexical Decision, Orthography, Syllables,
+ Word Frequency, Word Recognition, Naming, Words (Phonetic Units)},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/pereaCarreiras1998.pdf},
+ publisher = {American Psychological Assn},
+ timestamp = {2007.01.09}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{PetersonBarney,
+ author = {G. E. Peter\-son and H. L. Barney},
+ title = {Control methods used in a study of the vowels},
+ journal = JASA,
+ year = {1952},
+ volume = {24},
+ pages = {175-184},
+ keywords = {Peterson and Barney}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Pinker1988,
+ author = {Pinker, Steven and Prince, Alan},
+ title = {On language and connectionism: Analysis of a parallel distributed
+ processing model of language acquisition},
+ journal = {Cognition},
+ year = {1988},
+ volume = {28},
+ pages = {73--193},
+ number = {1-2},
+ month = mar,
+ abstract = {Does knowledge of language consist of mentally-represented rules?
+ Rumelhart and McClelland have described a connectionist (parallel
+ distributed processing) model of the acquisition of the past tense
+ in English which successfully maps many stems onto their past tense
+ forms, both regular (walk/walked) and irregular (go/went), and which
+ mimics some of the errors and sequences of development of children.
+ Yet the model contains no explicit rules, only a set of neuronstyle
+ units which stand for trigrams of phonetic features of the stem,
+ a set of units which stand for trigrams of phonetic features of the
+ past form, and an array of connections between the two sets of units
+ whose strengths are modified during learning. Rumelhart and McClelland
+ conclude that linguistic rules may be merely convenient approximate
+ fictions and that the real causal processes in language use and acquisition
+ must be characterized as the transfer of activation levels among
+ units and the modification of the weights of their connections. We
+ analyze both the linguistic and the developmental assumptions of
+ the model in detail and discover that (1) it cannot represent certain
+ words, (2) it cannot learn many rules, (3) it can learn rules found
+ in no human language, (4) it cannot explain morphological and phonological
+ regularities, (5) it cannot explain the differences between irregular
+ and regular forms, (6) it fails at its assigned task of mastering
+ the past tense of English, (7) it gives an incorrect explanation
+ for two developmental phenomena: stages of overregularization of
+ irregular forms such as bringed, and the appearance of doubly-marked
+ forms such as ated and (8) it gives accounts of two others (infrequent
+ overregularization of verbs ending in t/d, and the order of acquisition
+ of different irregular subclasses) that are indistinguishable from
+ those of rule-based theories. In addition, we show how many failures
+ of the model can be attributed to its connectionist architecture.
+ We conclude that connectionists' claims about the dispensability
+ of rules in explanations in the psychology of language must be rejected,
+ and that, on the contrary, the linguistic and developmental facts
+ provide good evidence for such rules.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/PinkerPrince1988.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.11}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Pinker2002reply,
+ author = {Pinker, S. and Ullman, M.},
+ title = {Combination and structure, not gradedness, is the issue - Reply to
+ McClelland and Patterson},
+ journal = {Trends In Cognitive Sciences},
+ year = {2002},
+ volume = {6},
+ pages = {472--474},
+ number = {11},
+ month = nov,
+ abstract = {We defend the theory that irregular past-tense forms are stored in
+ the lexicon, a division of declarative memory, whereas regular inflection
+ is rule-driven and based in grammatical processing. This dual-mechanism
+ approach differs from single-system connectionist approaches, which
+ fail to capture all the data.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/PinkerUllman2002reply.pdf},
+ sn = {1364-6613},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.11},
+ ut = {ISI:000179170000011}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Pinker2002,
+ author = {Pinker, S. and Ullman, M. T.},
+ title = {The past and future of the past tense},
+ journal = {Trends In Cognitive Sciences},
+ year = {2002},
+ volume = {6},
+ pages = {456--463},
+ number = {11},
+ month = nov,
+ abstract = {What is the interaction between storage and computation in language
+ processing? What is the psychological status of grammatical rules?
+ What are the relative strengths of connectionist and symbolic models
+ of cognition? How are the components of language implemented in the
+ brain? The English past tense has served as an arena for debates
+ on these issues. We defend the theory that irregular past-tense forms
+ are stored in the lexicon, a division of declarative memory, whereas
+ regular forms can be computed by a concatenation rule, which requires
+ the procedural system. Irregulars have the psychological, linguistic
+ and neuropsychological signatures of lexical memory, whereas regulars
+ often have the signatures of grammatical processing. Furthermore,
+ because regular inflection is rule-driven, speakers can apply it
+ whenever memory fails.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/PinkerUllman2002.pdf},
+ sn = {1364-6613},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.11},
+ ut = {ISI:000179170000008}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Plaut2000a,
+ author = {Plaut, David C. and Gonnerman, Laura M.},
+ title = {Are non-semantic morphological effects incompatible with a distributed
+ connectionist approach to lexical processing?},
+ journal = {Language and Cognitive Processes},
+ year = {2000},
+ volume = {15},
+ pages = {445--485},
+ number = {4 - 5},
+ month = aug,
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Plaut2000.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2006.12.13},
+ url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01690960050119661}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Plunkett1991,
+ author = {Plunkett, Kim and Marchman, Virginia},
+ title = {U-shaped learning and frequency effects in a multi-layered perception:
+ Implications for child language acquisition},
+ journal = {Cognition},
+ year = {1991},
+ volume = {38},
+ pages = {43--102},
+ number = {1},
+ month = jan,
+ abstract = {A three-layer back-propagation network is used to implement a pattern
+ association task in which four types of mapping are learned. These
+ mappings, which are considered analogous to those which characterize
+ the relationship between the stem and past tense forms of English
+ verbs, include arbitrary mappings, identity mappings, vowel changes,
+ and additions of a suffix. The degree of correspondence between parallel
+ distributed processing (PDP) models which learn mappings of this
+ sort (e.g., Rumelhart & McClelland, 1986, 1987) and children's acquisition
+ of inflectional morphology has recently been at issue in discussions
+ of the applicability of PDP models to the study of human cognition
+ and language (Pinker & Mehler, 1989; Bever, in press). In this paper,
+ we explore the capacity of a network to learn these types of mappings,
+ focusing on three major issues. First, we compare the performance
+ of a single-layered perceptron similar to the one used by Rumerlhart
+ and McClelland with a multi-layered perceptron. The results suggest
+ that it is unlikely that a single-layered perceptron is capable of
+ finding an adequate solution to the problem of mapping stems and
+ past tense forms in input configurations that are sufficiently analogous
+ to English. Second, we explore the input conditions which determine
+ learning in these networks. Several factors that characterize linguistic
+ input are investigated: (a) the nature of the mapping performed by
+ the network (arbitrary, suffixation, identity, and vowel change);
+ (b) the competition effects that arise when the task demands simultaneous
+ learning of distinct mapping types; (c) the role of the type and
+ token frequency of verb stems; and (d) the influence of phonological
+ subregularities in the irregular verbs. Each of these factors is
+ shown to have selective consequences on both successful and erroneous
+ performance in the network. Third, we outline several types of systems
+ which could result in U-shaped acquisition, and discuss the ways
+ in which learning in multi-layered networks can be seen to capture
+ several characteristics of U-shaped learning in children. In general,
+ these models provide information about the role of input in determining
+ the kinds of errors that a network will produce, including the conditions
+ under which rule-like behavior and U-shaped learning will and will
+ not emerge. The results from all simulations are discussed in light
+ of behavioral data on children's acquisition of the past tense and
+ the validity of drawing conclusions about the acquisition of language
+ from models of this sort.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/PlunkettMarchman1991.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.14}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Pothos2005,
+ author = {Pothos, E. M.},
+ title = {The rules versus similarity distinction},
+ journal = {Behavioral And Brain Sciences},
+ year = {2005},
+ volume = {28},
+ pages = {1--+},
+ number = {1},
+ month = feb,
+ abstract = {The distinction between rules and similarity is central to our understanding
+ of much of cognitive psychology. Two aspects of existing research
+ have motivated the present work. First, in different cognitive psychology
+ areas we typically see different conceptions of rules and similarity;
+ for example, rules in language appear to be of a different kind compared
+ to rules in categorization. Second, rules processes are typically
+ modeled as separate from similarity ones; for example, in a learning
+ experiment, rules and similarity influences would be described on
+ the basis of separate models. in the present article, I assume that
+ the rules versus similarity distinction can be understood in the
+ same way in learning, reasoning, categorization, and language, and
+ that a unified model for rules and similarity is appropriate. A rules
+ process is considered to be a similarity one where only a single
+ or a small subset of an object's properties are involved. Hence,
+ rules and overall similarity operations are extremes in a single
+ continuum of similarity operations. It is argued that this viewpoint
+ allows adequate coverage of theory and empirical findings in learning,
+ reasoning, categorization, and language, and also a reassessment
+ of the objectives in research on rules versus similarity.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Pothos2005.pdf},
+ sn = {0140-525X},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.06},
+ ut = {ISI:000229944100001}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Prasada1993,
+ author = {Prasada, S. and Pinker, S},
+ title = {Generalization of regular and irregular morphological patterns},
+ journal = {Language and Cognitive Processes},
+ year = {1993},
+ volume = {8},
+ pages = {1--56},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.13}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Prince1988,
+ author = {Prince, Alan and Pinker, Steven},
+ title = {Rules and connections in human language},
+ journal = {Trends in Neurosciences},
+ year = {1988},
+ volume = {11},
+ pages = {195--202},
+ number = {5},
+ abstract = {Recently `connectionist' or `parallel distributed processing' (PDP)
+ approaches to brain modelling have attracted an enormous amount of
+ attention. These models are said to be faithful to neurophysiological
+ and to behavioral data in a way that previous approaches based on
+ symbolic computation were not. A PDP simulation by Rumelhart and
+ McClelland of children's acquisition of the past tense in English
+ has been one of the most famous demonstrations of the advantages
+ of the connectionist approach. In a recent special issue of the journal
+ Cognition devoted to Connectionism and Symbol Systems, Steven Pinker
+ and Alan Prince examine this model and the relevant data in great
+ detail, finding severe limitations in the ability of current PDP
+ models to explain human language and cognition. The key points of
+ their analysis are summarised in the following article.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/PrasadaPinker1993.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.11},
+ url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T0V-482YFJR-2J/2/2f7474e120061a838a5d449ec45fcb28}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Prince1988wickel,
+ author = {Prince, Alan and Pinker, Steven},
+ title = {Wickelphone ambiguity},
+ journal = {Cognition},
+ year = {1988},
+ volume = {30},
+ pages = {189--190},
+ number = {2},
+ month = nov,
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/PrincePinker1988wickelphone.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.11},
+ url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T24-45Y1213-16/2/8ee5c0c5f3f54e7d2c3bdc49c4660d91}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Ramscar2002,
+ author = {Ramscar, M.},
+ title = {The role of meaning in inflection: Why the past tense does not require
+ a rule},
+ journal = {Cognitive Psychology},
+ year = {2002},
+ volume = {45},
+ pages = {45--94},
+ number = {1},
+ month = aug,
+ abstract = {How do we produce the past tenses of verbs? For the last 20 years
+ this question has been the focal domain for conflicting theories
+ of language, knowledge representation, and cognitive processing.
+ On one side of the debate have been similarity-based or single-route
+ approaches that propose that all past tenses are formed simply through
+ phonological analogies to existing past tenses stored in memory.
+ On the other side of the debate are rule-based or dual-route approaches
+ which agree that phonological analogy is important for producing
+ irregular past tenses (e.g., think 7 thought), but argue that regular
+ past tenses (e.g., walk --> walked) are generated via a +ed rule
+ and that a principled account of regular inflection can only be given
+ by recourse to explicit rules. This debate has become a crucial battleground
+ for arguments concerning the necessity and importance of abstract
+ mental rules, embracing not only language processing, but also the
+ of nature cognition itself. However, in centering on the roles of
+ phonological similarity and rules, the past tense debate has largely
+ ignored the possible role of semantics in determining inflection.
+ This paper presents five studies that demonstrate a striking and
+ decisive role of semantic similarity in inflection. In fact, semantic
+ factors appear to be more important in inflection than the grammatical
+ considerations put forward by the dual-route account. Further, these
+ new findings provide a new way of discriminating between the claims
+ of single-route (similarity-based) and dual-route (rule-based) approaches.
+ It appears that inflection is carried out through analogical reminding
+ based on semantic and phonological similarity and that a rule-based
+ route is not necessary to account for past tense inflection.},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Ramscar2002.pdf},
+ sn = {0010-0285},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.10},
+ ut = {ISI:000177350700002}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Redford1999,
+ author = {Redford, Melissa A and Randy L.},
+ title = {The relative perceptual distinctiveness of initial and final consonants
+ in CVC syllables},
+ journal = JASA,
+ year = {1999},
+ volume = {106},
+ pages = {1555-1565},
+ number = {3},
+ keywords = {Redford, Melissa A and Randy L.}
+}
+
+@PHDTHESIS{Reid2001,
+ author = {Reid, A.},
+ title = {The combinatorial lexicon: Psycholinguistic studies of Polish morphology.},
+ school = {Birkbeck College, University of London.},
+ year = {2001},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.13}
+}
+
+@INCOLLECTION{Rumelhart1986,
+ author = {David E. Rumelhart and James L. McClelland},
+ title = {On learning the past tenses of English verbs},
+ booktitle = {Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure
+ of Cognition},
+ publisher = {MIT Press},
+ year = {1986},
+ editor = {James L. McLelland and David E. Rumelhart},
+ volume = {2},
+ chapter = {18},
+ pages = {216--271},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.12}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Samuel1981,
+ author = {Samuel, Arthur G},
+ title = {Phonemic Restoration: Insights From a New Methodology},
+ journal = {Journal of Experimental Psychology},
+ year = {1981},
+ volume = {110},
+ pages = {474-494},
+ number = {4},
+ keywords = {Samuel, Arthur G}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Schreuder1997,
+ author = {Schreuder, R. and Baayen, R. H.},
+ title = {How complex simplex words can be},
+ journal = {Journal Of Memory And Language},
+ year = {1997},
+ volume = {37},
+ pages = {118--139},
+ number = {1},
+ month = jul,
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/SchreuderBaayen1997.pdf},
+ sn = {0749-596X},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.09},
+ ut = {ISI:A1997XG92100006}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Schreuder1994,
+ author = {Schreuder, R. and Baayen, R. Harald.},
+ title = {Prefix Stripping Re-Revisited},
+ journal = {Journal Of Memory And Language},
+ year = {1994},
+ volume = {33},
+ pages = {357--375},
+ number = {1},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/SchreuderBaayen1994.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.09}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Schroeder1968,
+ author = {Schroeder, M.},
+ title = {Reference signal for signal quality studies},
+ journal = JASA,
+ year = {1968},
+ volume = {44},
+ pages = {1735--1736},
+ keywords = {Schroeder, M.}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Seidenberg1989,
+ author = {Seidenberg, Mark S. and McClelland, James L.},
+ title = {A distributed, developmental model of word recognition and naming.},
+ journal = {Psychological Review},
+ year = {1989},
+ volume = {96},
+ pages = {523--568},
+ number = {4},
+ month = oct,
+ abstract = {The model described consists of sets of orthographic and phonological
+ units and an interlevel of hidden units. Weights on connections between
+ units were modified during a training phase using the back-propagation
+ learning algorithm. The model simulates many aspects of human performance,
+ including (a) differences between words in terms of processing difficulty,
+ (b) pronunciation of novel items, (c) differences between readers
+ in terms of word recognition skill, (d) transitions from beginning
+ to skilled reading, and (e) differences in performance on lexical
+ decisions and naming tasks. The model's behavior early in the learning
+ phase corresponds to that of children acquiring word recognition
+ skills. Training with a smaller number of hidden units produces output
+ characteristic of many dyslexic readers. Naming is simulated without
+ pronunciation rules, and lexical decisions are simulated without
+ assessing word-level representations. The performance of the model
+ is largely determined by three factors: the nature of the input,
+ a significant fragment of written English; the learning rule, which
+ encodes the implicit structure of the orthography in the weights
+ on connections; and the architecture of the system, which influences
+ the scope of what can be learned. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006
+ APA, all rights reserved)},
+ comment = {Accession Number: rev-96-4-523. First Author & Affiliation: Seidenberg,
+ Mark S.; McGill U, Montreal, PQ, Canada. Release Date: 19900201.
+ Publication Type: Journal, Peer Reviewed Journal. Language: English.
+ Major Descriptor(s): Language Development; Models; Naming; Word Recognition.
+ Minor Descriptor(s): Reading. Classification: Cognitive Processes
+ (2340); Population: Human (10); . References Available: Y.},
+ issn = {0033-295X},
+ keywords = {model of word recognition & naming, language development & reading,
+ Language Development, Models, Naming, Word Recognition, Reading},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/SeidenbergMcClelland1989.pdf},
+ publisher = {American Psychological Assn},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.14}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Sereno1997,
+ author = {Sereno, J. and Jongman, A.},
+ title = {Processing of {E}nglish inflectional morphology},
+ journal = {Memory and Cognition},
+ year = {1997},
+ volume = {25},
+ pages = {425-437},
+ keywords = {Sereno, J. and Jongman A.}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Shannon1999,
+ author = {Shannon, R.V. and Jensvold, A. and Padilla, M. and Robert, M.E. and
+ Wang, X.},
+ title = {Consonant recordings for speech testing},
+ journal = JASA,
+ year = {1999},
+ volume = {106},
+ pages = {L71-L74},
+ number = {6},
+ keywords = {Shannon}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Stemberger2004,
+ author = {Stemberger, J. P.},
+ title = {Phonological priming and irregular past},
+ journal = {Journal Of Memory And Language},
+ year = {2004},
+ volume = {50},
+ pages = {82--95},
+ number = {1},
+ month = jan,
+ abstract = {It has been shown that the processing of irregular past-tense forms
+ is affected by phonological factors that are inherent in the relationship
+ of the past-tense forms to other words in the lexicon (rhyming families
+ of irregulars) or to their base forms (vowel dominance effects).
+ This paper addresses more ephemeral phonological effects. In a sentence-production
+ task, the vowel of the base form or past-tense form of an irregular
+ verb (e.g., /i/ of freeze or /oupsilon/ of froze) is primed by an
+ identical vowel in the subject noun (e.g., base vowel cream, past-tense
+ vowel chrome, unrelated vowel slot). For verbs with different vowels
+ in the base form and past-tense form, phonological priming of the
+ base vowel or of the past-tense vowel increases the rate of overregularization
+ errors such as *freezed as compared to an unrelated vowel prime.
+ For verbs with the same vowel in the base and past-tense forms (e.g.,
+ hit/hit), phonological printing has no effect on the rate of overregularization
+ errors. It is argued that irregular forms are not produced in a specialized
+ subnetwork for (irregular) past-tense forms, but are produced in
+ the general lexical system simultaneous with general phonological
+ processing. Implications for theories of inflectional morphology
+ are discussed},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Stemberger2004.pdf},
+ sn = {0749-596X},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.10},
+ ut = {ISI:000187570800005}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Stevens1989,
+ author = {Kenneth N. Stevens},
+ title = {On the quantal nature of speech},
+ journal = {Journal of Phonetics},
+ year = {1989},
+ volume = {17},
+ pages = {3-45},
+ keywords = {Stevens, quantal }
+}
+
+@INCOLLECTION{Stevens1981,
+ author = {Kenneth N. Stevens and S. E. Blum\-stein},
+ title = {The search for invariant acoustic correlates of phonetic features},
+ booktitle = {Perspectives on the Study of Speech},
+ publisher = {Erlbaum},
+ year = {1981},
+ editor = {Elmas Miller},
+ address = {Hillsdale},
+ keywords = {Stevens, Blumstein invariant}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Taft1988,
+ author = {Taft, Marcus},
+ title = {A morphological decomposition model of lexical representation},
+ journal = {Linguistics},
+ year = {1988 },
+ volume = {26},
+ pages = {657-667},
+ keywords = {Taft, Marcus}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Taft1979,
+ author = {Taft, M.},
+ title = {Recognition of affixed words and the word frequency effect},
+ journal = {Memory \& Cognition},
+ year = {1979},
+ volume = {7},
+ pages = {263--272},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.09}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Taft1975,
+ author = {Taft, Marcus and Kenneth Forster},
+ title = {Lexical storage and retrieval of prefixed words},
+ journal = {Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior},
+ year = {1975},
+ volume = {14},
+ pages = {638-647},
+ keywords = {Taft, Marcus and Kenneth Forster}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Vannest2002,
+ author = {Vannest, Jennifer and Raymond Bertram and Juhani J\"arvikivi and
+ Jussi Niemi},
+ title = {Counterintuitive Cross-Linguistic Differences: More Morphological
+ Computation in {E}nglish than in {F}innish},
+ journal = {Journal of Psycholinguistic Research},
+ year = {2002},
+ volume = {31},
+ pages = {83-106},
+ keywords = {Vannest, Jennifer, Raymond Bertram, Juhani Jarvikivi and Jussi Niemi}
+}
+
+@MISC{Vannest2006,
+ author = {Jennifer Vannest and Elissa L. Newport and Daphne Bavelier},
+ title = {How Frequent is a Word? Reexamining base and surface frequencies},
+ howpublished = {poster presented at the Fifth International Conference on the Mental
+ Lexicon},
+ month = {October},
+ year = {2006},
+ booktitle = {poster presented at the Fifth International Conference on the Mental
+ Lexicon},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/randomArticles/Vannest_ML_2006.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2006.11.26}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Vitevitch2005,
+ author = {Michael S. Vitevitch and Paul A. Luce},
+ title = {Increases in phonotactic probability facilitate spoken nonword repetition},
+ journal = JML,
+ year = {2005},
+ volume = {52},
+ pages = {193-204},
+ keywords = {vitevitch, luce, phonotactic probability},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/randomArticles/VitevitchLuceJML2005.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2006.10.24}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Vitevitch2004,
+ author = {Michael S. Vitevitch and Paul A. Luce},
+ title = {A Web-based interface to calculate phonotactic probability for words
+ and nonwords in English},
+ journal = {Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, \& Computers},
+ year = {2004},
+ volume = {36},
+ pages = {481-487},
+ number = {3},
+ keywords = {phonotactic probability, positional frequency, vitevitch, luce, lexical
+ access},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/VitevitchLuce2004phonoProb.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2006.09.28}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Vitevitch1999,
+ author = {Michael S. Vitevitch and Paul A. Luce},
+ title = {Probabilistic Phonotactics and Neighborhood Activation in Spoken
+ Word Recognition},
+ journal = JML,
+ year = {1999},
+ volume = {40},
+ pages = {374-406},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {file://localhost/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/VitevitchAndLuce1999.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2006.10.24}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Vitevitch1998,
+ author = {Michael S. Vitevitch and Paul A. Luce},
+ title = {WHEN WORDS COMPETE: Levels of Processing in Perception of Spoken
+ Words},
+ journal = {Psychological Science},
+ year = {1998},
+ volume = {9},
+ pages = {325-329},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {file://localhost/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/VitevitchAndLuce1998.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2006.10.24}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Weber2004,
+ author = {Weber, Andrea and Anne Cutler},
+ title = {Lexical competition in non- native spoken-word recognition},
+ journal = {Journal of Memory and Language},
+ year = {2004},
+ volume = {50},
+ pages = {1- 25},
+ keywords = {Weber, Andrea and Anne Cutler}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Wickelgren1969,
+ author = {W. A. Wickelgren},
+ title = {Context-sensitive coding, associative memory, and serial order in
+ (speech) behavior},
+ journal = {Psychological Review},
+ year = {1969},
+ volume = {76},
+ pages = {1-15},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.12}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Wiese1986,
+ author = {Richard Wiese},
+ title = {Schwa and the structure of words in German},
+ journal = {Linguistics},
+ year = {1986},
+ volume = {24},
+ pages = {695-724},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.14}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Wijngaarden2002,
+ author = {van Wijngaarden, S. J. and Steeneken, H. J. M. and Houtgast, T.},
+ title = {Quantifying the intelligibility of speech in noise for non-native
+ listeners},
+ journal = {Journal Of The Acoustical Society Of America},
+ year = {2002},
+ volume = {111},
+ pages = {1906--1916},
+ number = {4},
+ month = apr,
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ sn = {0001-4966},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.03},
+ ut = {ISI:000175000900039}
+}
+
+@INCOLLECTION{Wunderlich1997,
+ author = {Wunderlich, Dieter},
+ title = {Der unterspezifizierte {A}rtikel},
+ booktitle = {Sprache im Fokus},
+ publisher = {Niemeyer},
+ year = {1997},
+ editor = {Christa D\"urscheid and Karl-Heinz Ramers and Monika Schwarz},
+ pages = {47-55},
+ address = {T\"ubingen},
+ keywords = {Wunderlich, underspecification}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Zhou2000,
+ author = {Zhou, X. and Marslen-Wilson, W.D.},
+ title = {Lexical representation of compound words: Cross-linguistic evidence},
+ journal = {Psychologia},
+ year = {2000},
+ volume = {43},
+ pages = {47--66},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.13}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Zhou1995,
+ author = {Zhou, X. and Marslen-Wilson, W.D.},
+ title = {Morphological structure in the Chinese mental lexicon},
+ journal = {Language and Cognitive Processes},
+ year = {1995},
+ volume = {10},
+ pages = {545--601},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.13}
+}
+
+@BOOK{Zipf1935,
+ title = {The psycho-biology of language: An introduction to dynamic philology},
+ publisher = {Houghton Mifflin},
+ year = {1935},
+ author = {Zipf, G.K.},
+ address = {Cambridge, MA},
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ timestamp = {2007.02.09}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Zwicky1986,
+ author = {Zwicky, Arnold M.},
+ title = {The general case: Basic form versus default form},
+ journal = {Berkeley Linguistics Society},
+ year = {1986},
+ volume = {12},
+ pages = {305-315},
+ keywords = {Zwicky, basic , default}
+}
+
+@ARTICLE{Zwitserlood2000,
+ author = {Zwitserlood, Pienie and B\"olte, Jens and Dohmes, Petra},
+ title = {Morphological effects on speech production: Evidence from picture
+ naming},
+ journal = {Language and Cognitive Processes},
+ year = {2000},
+ volume = {15},
+ pages = {563--591},
+ number = {4 - 5},
+ month = aug,
+ owner = {robfelty},
+ pdf = {/Users/robfelty/RobsDocs/prospectus/articles/Zwitserlood2000.pdf},
+ timestamp = {2006.12.13},
+ url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01690960050119706}
+}
+
+@PROCEEDINGS{Strange1995,
+ title = {Speech Perception and Linguistic Experience: Theoretical and Methodological
+ Issues},
+ year = {1995},
+ editor = {Winifred Strange},
+ address = {Timonium, MD},
+ publisher = {York Press},
+ keywords = {strange cross-linguistics}
+}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/intro.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/intro.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f0e2ebd284c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/intro.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+\chapter{The introduction}
+Modern research on lexical access began in the 1950's (though
+\cite{ColeRudnicky1983} note very similar research performed in the 1890's by
+William Chandler Bagley). Several statistical properties of the mental
+lexicon have consistently been found to influence how humans process speech.
+One of the earliest and most robust findings was that lexical frequency has a
+strong influence on lexical access. Repeated research has shown that high
+frequency words elicit quicker and more accurate responses than low
+frequency words in a large variety of experimental conditions
+(e.g.\ \cite{Broadbent1967, Taft1979, BenkiJASA}). Another factor which has
+been reliably shown to affect lexical access is neighborhood density.
+Neighborhood density is a metric of similarity, roughly defined as the degree
+to which a word is similar to others (both phonological and orthographical
+measures have been used). Words which have many similar words are said to be
+in dense neighborhoods, whereas words which have few similar words are said to
+be in sparse neighborhoods. In contrast to lexical frequency, which
+facilitates the activation of a word in the brain, neighborhood density has
+been found to inhibit activation (e.g.\ \cite{Luce1986, Luce1998, BenkiJASA,
+Imai2005}). Of course these are not the only factors which affect language
+processing, but they are the most frequently cited, and will be referred to
+again in the following sections.
+\begin{table*}[!htb]
+ \centering
+ \caption[Basic Predictions]{Basic Predictions: Predicted results are marked
+ with a checkmark, and a relative effect size is also given.}
+ \label{T:predictions}
+ \begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{%
+ >{\setlength{\hsize}{1.5\hsize}\raggedright\arraybackslash}X%
+ *{2}{>{\setlength{\hsize}{.7\hsize}\raggedright\arraybackslash}X}%
+ *{2}{>{\setlength{\hsize}{1.05\hsize}\raggedright\arraybackslash}X}}
+ \hline\hline
+ \rule{0em}{1.1em}& English native listeners& German native listeners &
+ English non-native listeners & German non-native listeners\\[.3em]
+ \cline{2-5}
+ \rule{0em}{1.1em}lexical status & \checkmark robust& \checkmark
+ robust& \checkmark less than native listeners& \checkmark less than native
+ listeners\\
+ morphology & marginal & more than English & less than L1& less than L1\\
+ lexical frequency & \checkmark robust& \checkmark
+ robust& \checkmark less than native listeners& \checkmark less than native
+ listeners\\
+ neighborhood density & \checkmark robust & \checkmark robust & \checkmark less
+ than L1& \checkmark less than L1\\[.3em]
+ \hline\hline
+ \end{tabularx}
+\end{table*}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/mybibstyle.bst b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/mybibstyle.bst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..95867d0e26b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/umthesis/mybibstyle.bst
@@ -0,0 +1,1468 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `felty3.bst',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% merlin.mbs (with options: `ay,nat,nm-revv1,jnrlst,keyxyr,dt-beg,yr-per,yrp-per,note-yr,volp-com,num-xser,bkpg-x,add-pub,pre-pub,edparc,bkedcap,blk-com,blknt,ppx,ed,abr,xedn,url,url-blk')
+%% ----------------------------------------
+%% *** updated stylesheet for prospectus ***
+%%
+%% Copyright 1994-2002 Patrick W Daly
+ % ===============================================================
+ % IMPORTANT NOTICE:
+ % This bibliographic style (bst) file has been generated from one or
+ % more master bibliographic style (mbs) files, listed above.
+ %
+ % This generated file can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
+ % of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
+ % archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
+ % version 1 of the License, or any later version.
+ % ===============================================================
+ % Name and version information of the main mbs file:
+ % \ProvidesFile{merlin.mbs}[2002/10/21 4.05 (PWD, AO, DPC)]
+ % For use with BibTeX version 0.99a or later
+ %-------------------------------------------------------------------
+ % This bibliography style file is intended for texts in ENGLISH
+ % This is an author-year citation style bibliography. As such, it is
+ % non-standard LaTeX, and requires a special package file to function properly.
+ % Such a package is natbib.sty by Patrick W. Daly
+ % The form of the \bibitem entries is
+ % \bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)]{key}...
+ % \bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)Jones, Baker, and Smith]{key}...
+ % The essential feature is that the label (the part in brackets) consists
+ % of the author names, as they should appear in the citation, with the year
+ % in parentheses following. There must be no space before the opening
+ % parenthesis!
+ % With natbib v5.3, a full list of authors may also follow the year.
+ % In natbib.sty, it is possible to define the type of enclosures that is
+ % really wanted (brackets or parentheses), but in either case, there must
+ % be parentheses in the label.
+ % The \cite command functions as follows:
+ % \citet{key} ==>> Jones et al. (1990)
+ % \citet*{key} ==>> Jones, Baker, and Smith (1990)
+ % \citep{key} ==>> (Jones et al., 1990)
+ % \citep*{key} ==>> (Jones, Baker, and Smith, 1990)
+ % \citep[chap. 2]{key} ==>> (Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)
+ % \citep[e.g.][]{key} ==>> (e.g. Jones et al., 1990)
+ % \citep[e.g.][p. 32]{key} ==>> (e.g. Jones et al., p. 32)
+ % \citeauthor{key} ==>> Jones et al.
+ % \citeauthor*{key} ==>> Jones, Baker, and Smith
+ % \citeyear{key} ==>> 1990
+ %---------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ENTRY
+ { address
+ author
+ booktitle
+ chapter
+ edition
+ editor
+ howpublished
+ institution
+ journal
+ key
+ month
+ note
+ number
+ organization
+ pages
+ publisher
+ school
+ series
+ title
+ type
+ url
+ volume
+ year
+ }
+ {}
+ { label extra.label sort.label short.list }
+INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block }
+FUNCTION {init.state.consts}
+{ #0 'before.all :=
+ #1 'mid.sentence :=
+ #2 'after.sentence :=
+ #3 'after.block :=
+}
+STRINGS { s t}
+FUNCTION {output.nonnull}
+{ 's :=
+ output.state mid.sentence =
+ { ", " * write$ }
+ { output.state after.block =
+ { add.period$ write$
+ newline$
+ "\newblock " write$
+ }
+ { output.state before.all =
+ 'write$
+ { add.period$ " " * write$ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+ }
+ if$
+ s
+}
+FUNCTION {output}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+ 'pop$
+ 'output.nonnull
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {output.check}
+{ 't :=
+ duplicate$ empty$
+ { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+ 'output.nonnull
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {fin.entry}
+{ add.period$
+ write$
+ newline$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {new.block}
+{ output.state before.all =
+ 'skip$
+ { after.block 'output.state := }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.sentence}
+{ output.state after.block =
+ 'skip$
+ { output.state before.all =
+ 'skip$
+ { after.sentence 'output.state := }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {add.blank}
+{ " " * before.all 'output.state :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {date.block}
+{
+ new.sentence
+}
+
+FUNCTION {not}
+{ { #0 }
+ { #1 }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {and}
+{ 'skip$
+ { pop$ #0 }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {or}
+{ { pop$ #1 }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {new.block.checkb}
+{ empty$
+ swap$ empty$
+ and
+ 'skip$
+ 'new.block
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {field.or.null}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+ { pop$ "" }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {emphasize}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+ { pop$ "" }
+ { "{\em " swap$ * "\/}" * }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {tie.or.space.prefix}
+{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
+ { "~" }
+ { " " }
+ if$
+ swap$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {capitalize}
+{ "u" change.case$ "t" change.case$ }
+
+FUNCTION {space.word}
+{ " " swap$ * " " * }
+ % Here are the language-specific definitions for explicit words.
+ % Each function has a name bbl.xxx where xxx is the English word.
+ % The language selected here is ENGLISH
+FUNCTION {bbl.and}
+{ "and"}
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.etal}
+{ "et~al." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.editors}
+{ "eds." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.editor}
+{ "ed." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.edby}
+{ "edited by" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.edition}
+{ "edn." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.volume}
+{ "vol." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.of}
+{ "of" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.number}
+{ "no." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.nr}
+{ "no." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.in}
+{ "in" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.pages}
+{ "" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.page}
+{ "" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.chapter}
+{ "chap." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.techrep}
+{ "Tech. Rep." }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.mthesis}
+{ "Master's thesis" }
+
+FUNCTION {bbl.phdthesis}
+{ "Ph.D. thesis" }
+
+MACRO {jan} {"Jan."}
+
+MACRO {feb} {"Feb."}
+
+MACRO {mar} {"Mar."}
+
+MACRO {apr} {"Apr."}
+
+MACRO {may} {"May"}
+
+MACRO {jun} {"Jun."}
+
+MACRO {jul} {"Jul."}
+
+MACRO {aug} {"Aug."}
+
+MACRO {sep} {"Sep."}
+
+MACRO {oct} {"Oct."}
+
+MACRO {nov} {"Nov."}
+
+MACRO {dec} {"Dec."}
+
+MACRO {acmcs} {"ACM Computing Surveys"}
+
+MACRO {acta} {"Acta Informatica"}
+
+MACRO {cacm} {"Communications of the ACM"}
+
+MACRO {ibmjrd} {"IBM Journal of Research and Development"}
+
+MACRO {ibmsj} {"IBM Systems Journal"}
+
+MACRO {ieeese} {"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering"}
+
+MACRO {ieeetc} {"IEEE Transactions on Computers"}
+
+MACRO {ieeetcad}
+ {"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits"}
+
+MACRO {ipl} {"Information Processing Letters"}
+
+MACRO {jacm} {"Journal of the ACM"}
+
+MACRO {jcss} {"Journal of Computer and System Sciences"}
+
+MACRO {scp} {"Science of Computer Programming"}
+
+MACRO {sicomp} {"SIAM Journal on Computing"}
+
+MACRO {tocs} {"ACM Transactions on Computer Systems"}
+
+MACRO {tods} {"ACM Transactions on Database Systems"}
+
+MACRO {tog} {"ACM Transactions on Graphics"}
+
+MACRO {toms} {"ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software"}
+
+MACRO {toois} {"ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems"}
+
+MACRO {toplas} {"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems"}
+
+MACRO {tcs} {"Theoretical Computer Science"}
+FUNCTION {bibinfo.check}
+{ swap$
+ duplicate$ missing$
+ {
+ pop$ pop$
+ ""
+ }
+ { duplicate$ empty$
+ {
+ swap$ pop$
+ }
+ { swap$
+ pop$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {bibinfo.warn}
+{ swap$
+ duplicate$ missing$
+ {
+ swap$ "missing " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$ pop$
+ ""
+ }
+ { duplicate$ empty$
+ {
+ swap$ "empty " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$
+ }
+ { swap$
+ pop$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.url}
+{ url empty$
+ { "" }
+ { "\urlprefix\url{" url * "}" * }
+ if$
+}
+
+STRINGS { bibinfo}
+INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }
+
+FUNCTION {format.names}
+{ 'bibinfo :=
+ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ {
+ 's :=
+ "" 't :=
+ #1 'nameptr :=
+ s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+ numnames 'namesleft :=
+ { namesleft #0 > }
+ { s nameptr
+ duplicate$ #1 >
+ { "{ff~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" }
+ { "{vv~}{ll}{, ff}{, jj}" }
+ if$
+ format.name$
+ bibinfo bibinfo.check
+ 't :=
+ nameptr #1 >
+ {
+ namesleft #1 >
+ { ", " * t * }
+ {
+ numnames #2 >
+ { "," * }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ s nameptr "{ll}" format.name$ duplicate$ "others" =
+ { 't := }
+ { pop$ }
+ if$
+ t "others" =
+ {
+ " " * bbl.etal *
+ }
+ {
+ bbl.and
+ space.word * t *
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ 't
+ if$
+ nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+ namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+ }
+ while$
+ } if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.names.ed}
+{
+ 'bibinfo :=
+ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ {
+ 's :=
+ "" 't :=
+ #1 'nameptr :=
+ s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+ numnames 'namesleft :=
+ { namesleft #0 > }
+ { s nameptr
+ "{ff~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}"
+ format.name$
+ bibinfo bibinfo.check
+ 't :=
+ nameptr #1 >
+ {
+ namesleft #1 >
+ { ", " * t * }
+ {
+ numnames #2 >
+ { "," * }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ s nameptr "{ll}" format.name$ duplicate$ "others" =
+ { 't := }
+ { pop$ }
+ if$
+ t "others" =
+ {
+
+ " " * bbl.etal *
+ }
+ {
+ bbl.and
+ space.word * t *
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ 't
+ if$
+ nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+ namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+ }
+ while$
+ } if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.key}
+{ empty$
+ { key field.or.null }
+ { "" }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.authors}
+{ author "author" format.names
+}
+FUNCTION {get.bbl.editor}
+{ editor num.names$ #1 > 'bbl.editors 'bbl.editor if$ }
+
+FUNCTION {format.editors}
+{ editor "editor" format.names duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+ {
+ "," *
+ " " *
+ get.bbl.editor
+ capitalize
+ "(" swap$ * ")" *
+ *
+ }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.note}
+{
+ note empty$
+ { "" }
+ { note #1 #1 substring$
+ duplicate$ "{" =
+ 'skip$
+ { output.state mid.sentence =
+ { "l" }
+ { "u" }
+ if$
+ change.case$
+ }
+ if$
+ note #2 global.max$ substring$ * "note" bibinfo.check
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.title}
+{ title
+ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+ { "t" change.case$ }
+ if$
+ "title" bibinfo.check
+}
+FUNCTION {format.full.names}
+{'s :=
+ "" 't :=
+ #1 'nameptr :=
+ s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+ numnames 'namesleft :=
+ { namesleft #0 > }
+ { s nameptr
+ "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+ 't :=
+ nameptr #1 >
+ {
+ namesleft #1 >
+ { ", " * t * }
+ {
+ s nameptr "{ll}" format.name$ duplicate$ "others" =
+ { 't := }
+ { pop$ }
+ if$
+ t "others" =
+ {
+ " " * bbl.etal *
+ }
+ {
+ numnames #2 >
+ { "," * }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ bbl.and
+ space.word * t *
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ 't
+ if$
+ nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+ namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+ }
+ while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.editor.key.full}
+{ author empty$
+ { editor empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+ 'key
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor format.full.names }
+ if$
+ }
+ { author format.full.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.key.full}
+{ author empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+ 'key
+ if$
+ }
+ { author format.full.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {editor.key.full}
+{ editor empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+ 'key
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor format.full.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {make.full.names}
+{ type$ "book" =
+ type$ "inbook" =
+ or
+ 'author.editor.key.full
+ { type$ "proceedings" =
+ 'editor.key.full
+ 'author.key.full
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {output.bibitem}
+{ newline$
+ "\bibitem[{" write$
+ label write$
+ ")" make.full.names duplicate$ short.list =
+ { pop$ }
+ { * }
+ if$
+ "}]{" * write$
+ cite$ write$
+ "}" write$
+ %newline$
+ ""
+ before.all 'output.state :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {n.dashify}
+{
+ 't :=
+ ""
+ { t empty$ not }
+ { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
+ { t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
+ { "--" *
+ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+ }
+ { { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
+ { "-" *
+ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+ }
+ while$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ { t #1 #1 substring$ *
+ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {word.in}
+{ bbl.in
+ " " * }
+
+FUNCTION {format.date}
+{ year "year" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$
+ {
+ "empty year in " cite$ * "; set to ????" * warning$
+ pop$ "????"
+ }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ extra.label *
+ before.all 'output.state :=
+ after.sentence 'output.state :=
+}
+FUNCTION {format.btitle}
+{ title "title" bibinfo.check
+ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+ {
+ emphasize
+ }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {either.or.check}
+{ empty$
+ 'pop$
+ { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.bvolume}
+{ volume empty$
+ { "" }
+ { bbl.volume volume tie.or.space.prefix
+ "volume" bibinfo.check * *
+ series "series" bibinfo.check
+ duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+ { swap$ bbl.of space.word * swap$
+ emphasize * }
+ if$
+ "volume and number" number either.or.check
+ }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.number.series}
+{ volume empty$
+ { number empty$
+ { series field.or.null }
+ { series empty$
+ { number "number" bibinfo.check }
+ { output.state mid.sentence =
+ { bbl.number }
+ { bbl.number capitalize }
+ if$
+ number tie.or.space.prefix "number" bibinfo.check * *
+ bbl.in space.word *
+ series "series" bibinfo.check *
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ { "" }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.edition}
+{ edition duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+ {
+ output.state mid.sentence =
+ { "l" }
+ { "t" }
+ if$ change.case$
+ "edition" bibinfo.check
+ " " * bbl.edition *
+ }
+ if$
+}
+INTEGERS { multiresult }
+FUNCTION {multi.page.check}
+{ 't :=
+ #0 'multiresult :=
+ { multiresult not
+ t empty$ not
+ and
+ }
+ { t #1 #1 substring$
+ duplicate$ "-" =
+ swap$ duplicate$ "," =
+ swap$ "+" =
+ or or
+ { #1 'multiresult := }
+ { t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
+ if$
+ }
+ while$
+ multiresult
+}
+FUNCTION {format.pages}
+{ pages duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+ { duplicate$ multi.page.check
+ {
+ n.dashify
+ }
+ {
+ }
+ if$
+ "pages" bibinfo.check
+ }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.journal.pages}
+{ pages duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+ { swap$ duplicate$ empty$
+ { pop$ pop$ format.pages }
+ {
+ ", " *
+ swap$
+ n.dashify
+ "pages" bibinfo.check
+ *
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages}
+{ volume field.or.null
+ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+ {
+ "volume" bibinfo.check
+ }
+ if$
+ number "number" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+ {
+ swap$ duplicate$ empty$
+ { "there's a number but no volume in " cite$ * warning$ }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ swap$
+ "(" swap$ * ")" *
+ }
+ if$ *
+ format.journal.pages
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages}
+{ chapter empty$
+ 'format.pages
+ { type empty$
+ { bbl.chapter }
+ { type "l" change.case$
+ "type" bibinfo.check
+ }
+ if$
+ chapter tie.or.space.prefix
+ "chapter" bibinfo.check
+ * *
+ pages empty$
+ 'skip$
+ { ", " * format.pages * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.booktitle}
+{
+ booktitle "booktitle" bibinfo.check
+ emphasize
+}
+FUNCTION {format.in.ed.booktitle}
+{ format.booktitle duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
+ {
+ editor "editor" format.names.ed duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
+ {
+ "," *
+ " " *
+ get.bbl.editor
+ capitalize
+ "(" swap$ * ") " *
+ * swap$
+ * }
+ if$
+ word.in swap$ *
+ }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.thesis.type}
+{ type duplicate$ empty$
+ 'pop$
+ { swap$ pop$
+ "t" change.case$ "type" bibinfo.check
+ }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.tr.number}
+{ number "number" bibinfo.check
+ type duplicate$ empty$
+ { pop$ bbl.techrep }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ "type" bibinfo.check
+ swap$ duplicate$ empty$
+ { pop$ "t" change.case$ }
+ { tie.or.space.prefix * * }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.article.crossref}
+{
+ word.in
+ " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.book.crossref}
+{ volume duplicate$ empty$
+ { "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
+ pop$ word.in
+ }
+ { bbl.volume
+ swap$ tie.or.space.prefix "volume" bibinfo.check * * bbl.of space.word *
+ }
+ if$
+ " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref}
+{
+ word.in
+ " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+FUNCTION {format.org.or.pub}
+{ 't :=
+ ""
+ address empty$ t empty$ and
+ 'skip$
+ {
+ address "address" bibinfo.check *
+ t empty$
+ 'skip$
+ { address empty$
+ 'skip$
+ { ": " * }
+ if$
+ t *
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.publisher.address}
+{ publisher "publisher" bibinfo.warn format.org.or.pub
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.organization.address}
+{ organization "organization" bibinfo.check format.org.or.pub
+}
+
+FUNCTION {article}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ date.block
+ format.title "title" output.check
+ crossref missing$
+ {
+ journal
+ "journal" bibinfo.check
+ emphasize
+ "journal" output.check
+ format.vol.num.pages output
+ }
+ { format.article.crossref output.nonnull
+ format.pages output
+ }
+ if$
+ format.url output
+ new.sentence
+ format.note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {book}
+{ output.bibitem
+ author empty$
+ { format.editors "author and editor" output.check
+ editor format.key output
+ add.blank
+ }
+ { format.authors output.nonnull
+ crossref missing$
+ { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ date.block
+ format.btitle "title" output.check
+ crossref missing$
+ { format.bvolume output
+ format.number.series output
+ format.publisher.address output
+ }
+ {
+ format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+ }
+ if$
+ format.edition output
+ format.url output
+ new.sentence
+ format.note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {booklet}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors output
+ author format.key output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ date.block
+ format.title "title" output.check
+ howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
+ address "address" bibinfo.check output
+ format.url output
+ new.sentence
+ format.note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {inbook}
+{ output.bibitem
+ author empty$
+ { format.editors "author and editor" output.check
+ editor format.key output
+ }
+ { format.authors output.nonnull
+ crossref missing$
+ { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ date.block
+ format.btitle "title" output.check
+ crossref missing$
+ {
+ format.publisher.address output
+ format.bvolume output
+ format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
+ format.number.series output
+ }
+ {
+ format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
+ format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+ }
+ if$
+ format.edition output
+ format.url output
+ new.sentence
+ format.note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {incollection}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ date.block
+ format.title "title" output.check
+ crossref missing$
+ { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
+ format.publisher.address output
+ format.bvolume output
+ format.number.series output
+ format.chapter.pages output
+ format.edition output
+ }
+ { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+ format.chapter.pages output
+ }
+ if$
+ format.url output
+ new.sentence
+ format.note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {inproceedings}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ date.block
+ format.title "title" output.check
+ crossref missing$
+ { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
+ publisher empty$
+ { format.organization.address output }
+ { organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+ format.publisher.address output
+ }
+ if$
+ format.bvolume output
+ format.number.series output
+ format.pages output
+ }
+ { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+ format.pages output
+ }
+ if$
+ format.url output
+ new.sentence
+ format.note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {conference} { inproceedings }
+FUNCTION {manual}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors output
+ author format.key output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ date.block
+ format.btitle "title" output.check
+ organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+ address "address" bibinfo.check output
+ format.edition output
+ format.url output
+ new.sentence
+ format.note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {mastersthesis}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ date.block
+ format.btitle
+ "title" output.check
+ bbl.mthesis format.thesis.type output.nonnull
+ school "school" bibinfo.warn output
+ address "address" bibinfo.check output
+ format.url output
+ new.sentence
+ format.note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {misc}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors output
+ author format.key output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ date.block
+ format.title output
+ howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
+ format.url output
+ new.sentence
+ format.note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+FUNCTION {phdthesis}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ date.block
+ format.btitle
+ "title" output.check
+ bbl.phdthesis format.thesis.type output.nonnull
+ school "school" bibinfo.warn output
+ address "address" bibinfo.check output
+ format.url output
+ new.sentence
+ format.note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {proceedings}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.editors output
+ editor format.key output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ date.block
+ format.btitle "title" output.check
+ format.bvolume output
+ format.number.series output
+ publisher empty$
+ { format.organization.address output }
+ { organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
+ format.publisher.address output
+ }
+ if$
+ format.url output
+ new.sentence
+ format.note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {techreport}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ date.block
+ format.title
+ "title" output.check
+ format.tr.number output.nonnull
+ institution "institution" bibinfo.warn output
+ address "address" bibinfo.check output
+ format.url output
+ new.sentence
+ format.note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {unpublished}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ date.block
+ format.title "title" output.check
+ format.url output
+ new.sentence
+ format.note "note" output.check
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {default.type} { misc }
+READ
+FUNCTION {sortify}
+{ purify$
+ "l" change.case$
+}
+INTEGERS { len }
+FUNCTION {chop.word}
+{ 's :=
+ 'len :=
+ s #1 len substring$ =
+ { s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }
+ 's
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {format.lab.names}
+{ 's :=
+ "" 't :=
+ s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+ s num.names$ duplicate$
+ #2 >
+ { pop$
+ " " * bbl.etal *
+ }
+ { #2 <
+ 'skip$
+ { s #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
+ {
+ " " * bbl.etal *
+ }
+ { bbl.and space.word * s #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+ * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.key.label}
+{ author empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+ 'key
+ if$
+ }
+ { author format.lab.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.editor.key.label}
+{ author empty$
+ { editor empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+ 'key
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor format.lab.names }
+ if$
+ }
+ { author format.lab.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {editor.key.label}
+{ editor empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+ 'key
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor format.lab.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {calc.short.authors}
+{ type$ "book" =
+ type$ "inbook" =
+ or
+ 'author.editor.key.label
+ { type$ "proceedings" =
+ 'editor.key.label
+ 'author.key.label
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ 'short.list :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {calc.label}
+{ calc.short.authors
+ short.list
+ "("
+ *
+ year duplicate$ empty$
+ short.list key field.or.null = or
+ { pop$ "" }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ *
+ 'label :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {sort.format.names}
+{ 's :=
+ #1 'nameptr :=
+ ""
+ s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+ numnames 'namesleft :=
+ { namesleft #0 > }
+ { s nameptr
+ "{vv{ } }{ll{ }}{ ff{ }}{ jj{ }}"
+ format.name$ 't :=
+ nameptr #1 >
+ {
+ " " *
+ namesleft #1 = t "others" = and
+ { "zzzzz" * }
+ { t sortify * }
+ if$
+ }
+ { t sortify * }
+ if$
+ nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+ namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+ }
+ while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {sort.format.title}
+{ 't :=
+ "A " #2
+ "An " #3
+ "The " #4 t chop.word
+ chop.word
+ chop.word
+ sortify
+ #1 global.max$ substring$
+}
+FUNCTION {author.sort}
+{ author empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$
+ ""
+ }
+ { key sortify }
+ if$
+ }
+ { author sort.format.names }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {author.editor.sort}
+{ author empty$
+ { editor empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+ ""
+ }
+ { key sortify }
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor sort.format.names }
+ if$
+ }
+ { author sort.format.names }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {editor.sort}
+{ editor empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { "to sort, need editor or key in " cite$ * warning$
+ ""
+ }
+ { key sortify }
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor sort.format.names }
+ if$
+}
+FUNCTION {presort}
+{ calc.label
+ label sortify
+ " "
+ *
+ type$ "book" =
+ type$ "inbook" =
+ or
+ 'author.editor.sort
+ { type$ "proceedings" =
+ 'editor.sort
+ 'author.sort
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ #1 entry.max$ substring$
+ 'sort.label :=
+ sort.label
+ *
+ " "
+ *
+ title field.or.null
+ sort.format.title
+ *
+ #1 entry.max$ substring$
+ 'sort.key$ :=
+}
+
+ITERATE {presort}
+SORT
+STRINGS { last.label next.extra }
+INTEGERS { last.extra.num number.label }
+FUNCTION {initialize.extra.label.stuff}
+{ #0 int.to.chr$ 'last.label :=
+ "" 'next.extra :=
+ #0 'last.extra.num :=
+ #0 'number.label :=
+}
+FUNCTION {forward.pass}
+{ last.label label =
+ { last.extra.num #1 + 'last.extra.num :=
+ last.extra.num int.to.chr$ 'extra.label :=
+ }
+ { "a" chr.to.int$ 'last.extra.num :=
+ "" 'extra.label :=
+ label 'last.label :=
+ }
+ if$
+ number.label #1 + 'number.label :=
+}
+FUNCTION {reverse.pass}
+{ next.extra "b" =
+ { "a" 'extra.label := }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ extra.label 'next.extra :=
+ extra.label
+ duplicate$ empty$
+ 'skip$
+ { "{\natexlab{" swap$ * "}}" * }
+ if$
+ 'extra.label :=
+ label extra.label * 'label :=
+}
+EXECUTE {initialize.extra.label.stuff}
+ITERATE {forward.pass}
+REVERSE {reverse.pass}
+FUNCTION {bib.sort.order}
+{ sort.label
+ " "
+ *
+ year field.or.null sortify
+ *
+ " "
+ *
+ title field.or.null
+ sort.format.title
+ *
+ #1 entry.max$ substring$
+ 'sort.key$ :=
+}
+ITERATE {bib.sort.order}
+SORT
+FUNCTION {begin.bib}
+{ preamble$ empty$
+ 'skip$
+ { preamble$ write$ newline$ }
+ if$
+ "\begin{thebibliography}{" number.label int.to.str$ * "}" *
+ write$ newline$
+ "\expandafter\ifx\csname natexlab\endcsname\relax\def\natexlab#1{#1}\fi"
+ write$ newline$
+ "\expandafter\ifx\csname url\endcsname\relax"
+ write$ newline$
+ " \def\url#1{{\tt #1}}\fi"
+ write$ newline$
+ "\expandafter\ifx\csname urlprefix\endcsname\relax\def\urlprefix{URL }\fi"
+ write$ newline$
+}
+EXECUTE {begin.bib}
+EXECUTE {init.state.consts}
+ITERATE {call.type$}
+FUNCTION {end.bib}
+{ newline$
+ "\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$
+}
+EXECUTE {end.bib}
+%% End of customized bst file
+%%
+%% End of file `felty3.bst'.