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author | Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> | 2012-05-13 22:58:34 +0000 |
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committer | Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> | 2012-05-13 22:58:34 +0000 |
commit | a74c16d06af04f22a53debd1a1ef211416c3a6f6 (patch) | |
tree | 0cbb1892377354b7b04acd3a18df9581343b6152 /Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/latex2e-help-texinfo/latex2e.html | |
parent | 54881f89f5ade7bdb55ea7c8d36a62d3860856b4 (diff) |
latex2e-help-texinfo (11may12)
git-svn-id: svn://tug.org/texlive/trunk@26333 c570f23f-e606-0410-a88d-b1316a301751
Diffstat (limited to 'Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/latex2e-help-texinfo/latex2e.html')
-rw-r--r-- | Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/latex2e-help-texinfo/latex2e.html | 1143 |
1 files changed, 622 insertions, 521 deletions
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/latex2e-help-texinfo/latex2e.html b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/latex2e-help-texinfo/latex2e.html index 08033cf85b3..399a533ae25 100644 --- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/latex2e-help-texinfo/latex2e.html +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/latex2e-help-texinfo/latex2e.html @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <!-- This document is an unofficial reference manual for LaTeX, a -document preparation system, version of May 2011. +document preparation system, version of May 2012. -This was originally translated from LATEX.HLP v1.0a in the VMS -Help Library. The pre-translation version was written by +This manual was originally translated from LATEX.HLP v1.0a in +the VMS Help Library. The pre-translation version was written by George D. Greenwade of Sam Houston State University. The LaTeX 2.09 version was written by Stephen Gilmore. The LaTeX2e version was adapted from this by Torsten Martinsen. Karl @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ and C. Biemesderfer (published by the TeX Users Group as TeXniques number 10), as reference material (no text was directly copied). -Copyright (C) 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 Karl Berry. +Copyright (C) 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 Karl Berry. Copyright (C) 1988, 1994, 2007 Stephen Gilmore. @@ -32,19 +32,18 @@ resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one. Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual -into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions. - --> -<!-- Created by @PACKAGE_NAME@ @PACKAGE_VERSION@, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ --> +into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions. --> +<!-- Created by Texinfo 4.13.90+dev, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ --> <head> -<title>LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2011)</title> +<title>LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2012)</title> -<meta name="description" content="LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2011)"> -<meta name="keywords" content="LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2011)"> +<meta name="description" content="LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2012)"> +<meta name="keywords" content="LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2012)"> <meta name="resource-type" content="document"> <meta name="distribution" content="global"> -<meta name="Generator" content="@PACKAGE_NAME@"> +<meta name="Generator" content="texi2any"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> -<link href="#Top" rel="start" title="LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2011)"> +<link href="#Top" rel="start" title="Top"> <link href="#Concept-Index" rel="index" title="Concept Index"> <link href="#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents"> <link href="dir.html#Top" rel="up" title="(dir)"> @@ -78,15 +77,19 @@ ul.no-bullet {list-style: none} </head> <body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000"> +<h1 class="settitle" align="center">LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2012)</h1> + + + + -<h1 class="settitle" align="center">LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2011)</h1> <a name="SEC_Overview"></a> -<h1>Short Table of Contents</h1> +<h2 class="shortcontents-heading">Short Table of Contents</h2> <div class="shortcontents"> <ul class="no-bullet"> -<li><a name="stoc-Overview-of-LaTeX-1" href="#toc-Overview-of-LaTeX-1">1 Overview of LaTeX</a></li> +<li><a name="stoc-About-this-document-1" href="#toc-About-this-document-1">1 About this document</a></li> <li><a name="stoc-Overview-of-LaTeX" href="#toc-Overview-of-LaTeX">2 Overview of LaTeX</a></li> <li><a name="stoc-Starting-_0026-ending-1" href="#toc-Starting-_0026-ending-1">3 Starting & ending</a></li> <li><a name="stoc-Document-classes-1" href="#toc-Document-classes-1">4 Document classes</a></li> @@ -120,12 +123,12 @@ ul.no-bullet {list-style: none} </div> <a name="SEC_Contents"></a> -<h1>Table of Contents</h1> +<h2 class="contents-heading">Table of Contents</h2> <div class="contents"> <ul class="no-bullet"> - <li><a name="toc-Overview-of-LaTeX-1" href="#About-this-document">1 Overview of LaTeX</a></li> + <li><a name="toc-About-this-document-1" href="#About-this-document">1 About this document</a></li> <li><a name="toc-Overview-of-LaTeX" href="#Overview">2 Overview of LaTeX</a></li> <li><a name="toc-Starting-_0026-ending-1" href="#Starting-_0026-ending">3 Starting & ending</a></li> <li><a name="toc-Document-classes-1" href="#Document-classes">4 Document classes</a> @@ -401,81 +404,82 @@ Next: <a href="#About-this-document" accesskey="n" rel="next">About this documen <h1 class="top">LaTeX2e</h1> <p>This document is an unofficial reference manual for LaTeX, a -document preparation system, version as of May 2011. It is +document preparation system, version as of May 2012. It is intended to cover LaTeX2e, which has been the standard version of LaTeX for many years. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#About-this-document" accesskey="1">About this document</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Bug reporting, etc. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#About-this-document" accesskey="1">About this document</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Bug reporting, etc. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Overview" accesskey="2">Overview</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> What is LaTeX? +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Overview" accesskey="2">Overview</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">What is LaTeX? </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Starting-_0026-ending" accesskey="3">Starting & ending</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> The standard beginning and end of a document. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Starting-_0026-ending" accesskey="3">Starting & ending</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">The standard beginning and end of a document. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Document-classes" accesskey="4">Document classes</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Some of the various classes available. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Document-classes" accesskey="4">Document classes</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Some of the various classes available. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Typefaces" accesskey="5">Typefaces</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> And fonts, such as bold, italics etc. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Typefaces" accesskey="5">Typefaces</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">And fonts, such as bold, italics etc. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Layout" accesskey="6">Layout</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Controlling the page layout. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Layout" accesskey="6">Layout</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Controlling the page layout. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Sectioning" accesskey="7">Sectioning</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> How to section properly. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Sectioning" accesskey="7">Sectioning</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">How to section properly. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Cross-references" accesskey="8">Cross references</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Automatic referencing. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Cross-references" accesskey="8">Cross references</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Automatic referencing. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Environments" accesskey="9">Environments</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Such as enumerate & itemize. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Environments" accesskey="9">Environments</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Such as enumerate & itemize. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Line-breaking">Line breaking</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Influencing line breaks. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Line-breaking">Line breaking</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Influencing line breaks. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Page-breaking">Page breaking</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Influencing page breaks. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Page-breaking">Page breaking</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Influencing page breaks. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Footnotes">Footnotes</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> How to produce footnotes. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Footnotes">Footnotes</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">How to produce footnotes. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Definitions">Definitions</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Define your own commands etc. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Definitions">Definitions</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Define your own commands etc. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Counters">Counters</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Internal counters used by LaTeX. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Counters">Counters</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Internal counters used by LaTeX. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Lengths">Lengths</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> The length commands. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Lengths">Lengths</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">The length commands. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Making-paragraphs">Making paragraphs</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Paragraph commands. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Making-paragraphs">Making paragraphs</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Paragraph commands. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Math-formulas">Math formulas</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> How to create mathematical formulas. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Math-formulas">Math formulas</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">How to create mathematical formulas. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Modes">Modes</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Paragraph, Math or LR modes. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Modes">Modes</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Paragraph, Math or LR modes. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Page-styles">Page styles</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Various styles of page layout. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Page-styles">Page styles</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Various styles of page layout. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Spaces">Spaces</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Horizontal and vertical space. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Spaces">Spaces</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Horizontal and vertical space. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Boxes">Boxes</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Making boxes. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Boxes">Boxes</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Making boxes. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Special-insertions">Special insertions</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Inserting reserved and special characters. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Special-insertions">Special insertions</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Inserting reserved and special characters. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Splitting-the-input">Splitting the input</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Dealing with big files by splitting. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Splitting-the-input">Splitting the input</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Dealing with big files by splitting. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Front_002fback-matter">Front/back matter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Tables of contents, glossaries, indexes. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Front_002fback-matter">Front/back matter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Tables of contents, glossaries, indexes. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Letters">Letters</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> The letter class. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Letters">Letters</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">The letter class. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Terminal-input_002foutput">Terminal input/output</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> User interaction. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Terminal-input_002foutput">Terminal input/output</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">User interaction. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Command-line">Command line</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> System-independent command-line behavior. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Command-line">Command line</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">System-independent command-line behavior. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Document-templates">Document templates</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Starter templates for various document classes. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Document-templates">Document templates</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Starter templates for various document classes. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Concept-Index">Concept Index</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> General index. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Concept-Index">Concept Index</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">General index. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Command-Index">Command Index</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Alphabetical list of LaTeX commands. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Command-Index">Command Index</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Alphabetical list of LaTeX commands. </td></tr> </table> +<hr> <a name="About-this-document"></a> <div class="header"> <p> Next: <a href="#Overview" accesskey="n" rel="next">Overview</a>, Previous: <a href="#Top" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Top</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> -<a name="Overview-of-LaTeX-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">1 Overview of LaTeX</h1> +<a name="About-this-document-1"></a> +<h2 class="chapter">1 About this document</h2> <a name="index-Knuth_002c-Donald-E_002e"></a> <a name="index-Lamport_002c-Leslie"></a> @@ -500,6 +504,28 @@ comments to <a href="mailto:latexrefman-discuss@gna.org">latexrefman-discuss@gna current output in various formats, sources, mailing lists, and other infrastructure. </p> +<p>Of course, there are many, many other sources of information about +LaTeX. Here are a few: +</p> +<dl compact="compact"> +<dt><a href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/latex-doc-ptr">http://www.ctan.org/pkg/latex-doc-ptr</a></dt> +<dd><p>Two pages of recommended references to LaTeX documentation. +</p> +</dd> +<dt><a href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/first-latex-doc">http://www.ctan.org/pkg/first-latex-doc</a></dt> +<dd><p>Writing your first document, with a bit of both text and math. +</p> +</dd> +<dt><a href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/usrguide">http://www.ctan.org/pkg/usrguide</a></dt> +<dd><p>The guide for document authors maintained as part of LaTeX; there +are several others. +</p> +</dd> +<dt><a href="http://tug.org/begin.html">http://tug.org/begin.html</a></dt> +<dd><p>Introduction to the TeX system, including LaTeX. +</p></dd> +</dl> + <hr> <a name="Overview"></a> @@ -508,7 +534,7 @@ infrastructure. Next: <a href="#Starting-_0026-ending" accesskey="n" rel="next">Starting & ending</a>, Previous: <a href="#About-this-document" accesskey="p" rel="previous">About this document</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Overview-of-LaTeX"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">2 Overview of LaTeX</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">2 Overview of LaTeX</h2> <p>What is LaTeX? </p> @@ -523,8 +549,7 @@ text that can be written in any reasonable editor. It produces at least three files as output: </p> <ol> -<li> -The main output file, which is one of: +<li> The main output file, which is one of: <dl compact="compact"> <dt><code>.dvi</code></dt> @@ -564,16 +589,14 @@ the XeTeX engine (<a href="http://tug.org/xetex">http://tug.org/xetex</a>). <p>Many other less-common variants of LaTeX (and TeX) exist, which can produce HTML, XML, and other things. </p> -</li><li> -<a name="index-transcript-file"></a> +</li><li> <a name="index-transcript-file"></a> <a name="index-log-file"></a> <a name="index-_002elog-file"></a> The “transcript” or ‘<tt>.log</tt>’ file that contains summary information and diagnostic messages for any errors discovered in the input file. -</li><li> -<a name="index-auxiliary-file"></a> +</li><li> <a name="index-auxiliary-file"></a> <a name="index-_002eaux-file"></a> An “auxiliary” or ‘<tt>.aux</tt>’ file. This is used by LaTeX itself, for things such as cross-references. @@ -603,7 +626,7 @@ explicitly directed to do otherwise. Next: <a href="#Document-classes" accesskey="n" rel="next">Document classes</a>, Previous: <a href="#Overview" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Overview</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Starting-_0026-ending-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">3 Starting & ending</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">3 Starting & ending</h2> <a name="index-starting-_0026-ending"></a> <a name="index-ending-_0026-starting"></a> @@ -634,7 +657,7 @@ and the <code>\begin{document}</code> commands (this area is called the Next: <a href="#Typefaces" accesskey="n" rel="next">Typefaces</a>, Previous: <a href="#Starting-_0026-ending" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Starting & ending</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Document-classes-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">4 Document classes</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">4 Document classes</h2> <a name="index-document-classes"></a> <a name="index-classes-of-documents"></a> @@ -665,7 +688,7 @@ classes are available as add-ons; see <a href="#Overview">Overview</a>): <p>Standard <var>options</var> are described below. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Document-class-options" accesskey="1">Document class options</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Global options. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Document-class-options" accesskey="1">Document class options</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Global options. </td></tr> </table> @@ -677,7 +700,7 @@ classes are available as add-ons; see <a href="#Overview">Overview</a>): Up: <a href="#Document-classes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Document classes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Document-class-options-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">4.1 Document class options</h2> +<h3 class="section">4.1 Document class options</h3> <a name="index-document-class-options"></a> <a name="index-options_002c-document-class"></a> @@ -817,7 +840,7 @@ by the selected document class are passed on to the packages loaded with Next: <a href="#Layout" accesskey="n" rel="next">Layout</a>, Previous: <a href="#Document-classes" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Document classes</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Typefaces-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">5 Typefaces</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">5 Typefaces</h2> <a name="index-typefaces"></a> <a name="index-fonts"></a> @@ -826,11 +849,11 @@ Next: <a href="#Layout" accesskey="n" rel="next">Layout</a>, Previous: <a href=" and a style. The LaTeX commands for doing this are described here. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Font-styles" accesskey="1">Font styles</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Select roman, italics etc. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Font-styles" accesskey="1">Font styles</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Select roman, italics etc. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Font-sizes" accesskey="2">Font sizes</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Select point size. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Font-sizes" accesskey="2">Font sizes</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Select point size. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Low_002dlevel-font-commands" accesskey="3">Low-level font commands</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Select encoding, family, series, shape. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Low_002dlevel-font-commands" accesskey="3">Low-level font commands</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Select encoding, family, series, shape. </td></tr> </table> @@ -842,7 +865,7 @@ and a style. The LaTeX commands for doing this are described here. Next: <a href="#Font-sizes" accesskey="n" rel="next">Font sizes</a>, Up: <a href="#Typefaces" accesskey="u" rel="up">Typefaces</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Font-styles-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">5.1 Font styles</h2> +<h3 class="section">5.1 Font styles</h3> <a name="index-font-styles"></a> <a name="index-typeface-styles"></a> @@ -850,19 +873,21 @@ Next: <a href="#Font-sizes" accesskey="n" rel="next">Font sizes</a>, Up: <a href <p>The following type style commands are supported by LaTeX. </p> -<p>These commands are used like <code>\textit{italic text}</code>. The -corresponding command in parenthesis is the “declaration form”, which -takes no arguments. The scope of the declaration form lasts until the -next type style command or the end of the current group. +<p>This first group of commands is typically used like +<code>\textit{italic text}</code>. The corresponding command in +parenthesis is the “declaration form”, which takes no arguments. The +scope of the declaration form lasts until the next type style command +or the end of the current group. </p> <p>The declaration forms are cumulative; i.e., you can say either <code>\sffamily\bfseries</code> or <code>\bfseries\sffamily</code> to get bold sans serif. </p> -<p>You can also use the environment form of the declaration forms; for instance, -<code>\begin{ttfamily}...\end{ttfamily}</code>. +<p>You can alternatively use an environment form of the declarations; for +instance, <code>\begin{ttfamily}...\end{ttfamily}</code>. </p> -<dl compact="compact"> +<p>These commands automatically supply an italic correction if the +</p><dl compact="compact"> <dt><code>\textrm (\rmfamily)</code></dt> <dd><a name="index-_005ctextrm"></a> <a name="index-_005crmfamily"></a> @@ -1044,7 +1069,7 @@ things. Next: <a href="#Low_002dlevel-font-commands" accesskey="n" rel="next">Low-level font commands</a>, Previous: <a href="#Font-styles" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Font styles</a>, Up: <a href="#Typefaces" accesskey="u" rel="up">Typefaces</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Font-sizes-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">5.2 Font sizes</h2> +<h3 class="section">5.2 Font sizes</h3> <a name="index-font-sizes"></a> <a name="index-typeface-sizes"></a> <a name="index-sizes-of-text"></a> @@ -1052,7 +1077,8 @@ Next: <a href="#Low_002dlevel-font-commands" accesskey="n" rel="next">Low-level <p>The following standard type size commands are supported by LaTeX. The table shows the command name and the corresponding actual font size used (in points) with the ‘<samp>10pt</samp>’, ‘<samp>11pt</samp>’, and -‘<samp>12pt</samp>’ document size options, respectively (see <a href="#Document-class-options">Document class options</a>). +‘<samp>12pt</samp>’ document size options, respectively (see <a href="#Document-class-options">Document class +options</a>). </p> <a name="index-_005ctiny"></a> <a name="index-_005cscriptsize"></a> @@ -1092,7 +1118,7 @@ these commands; for instance, <code>\begin{tiny}...\end{tiny}</code>. Previous: <a href="#Font-sizes" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Font sizes</a>, Up: <a href="#Typefaces" accesskey="u" rel="up">Typefaces</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Low_002dlevel-font-commands-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">5.3 Low-level font commands</h2> +<h3 class="section">5.3 Low-level font commands</h3> <a name="index-low_002dlevel-font-commands"></a> <a name="index-font-commands_002c-low_002dlevel"></a> @@ -1200,21 +1226,21 @@ followed by <code>\selectfont</code>. Next: <a href="#Sectioning" accesskey="n" rel="next">Sectioning</a>, Previous: <a href="#Typefaces" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Typefaces</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Layout-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">6 Layout</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">6 Layout</h2> <a name="index-layout-commands"></a> <p>Miscellaneous commands for controlling the general layout of the page. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005conecolumn" accesskey="1">\onecolumn</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Use one-column layout. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005conecolumn" accesskey="1">\onecolumn</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Use one-column layout. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ctwocolumn" accesskey="2">\twocolumn</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Use two-column layout. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ctwocolumn" accesskey="2">\twocolumn</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Use two-column layout. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cflushbottom" accesskey="3">\flushbottom</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Make all text pages the same height. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cflushbottom" accesskey="3">\flushbottom</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Make all text pages the same height. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005craggedbottom" accesskey="4">\raggedbottom</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Allow text pages of differing height. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005craggedbottom" accesskey="4">\raggedbottom</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Allow text pages of differing height. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Page-layout-parameters" accesskey="5">Page layout parameters</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> \headheight \footskip. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Page-layout-parameters" accesskey="5">Page layout parameters</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">\headheight \footskip. </td></tr> </table> @@ -1226,7 +1252,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Sectioning" accesskey="n" rel="next">Sectioning</a>, Previous: < Next: <a href="#g_t_005ctwocolumn" accesskey="n" rel="next">\twocolumn</a>, Up: <a href="#Layout" accesskey="u" rel="up">Layout</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005conecolumn-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">6.1 <code>\onecolumn</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">6.1 <code>\onecolumn</code></h3> <a name="index-_005conecolumn"></a> <a name="index-one_002dcolumn-output"></a> @@ -1241,7 +1267,7 @@ single-column output. This is the default. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cflushbottom" accesskey="n" rel="next">\flushbottom</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005conecolumn" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\onecolumn</a>, Up: <a href="#Layout" accesskey="u" rel="up">Layout</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005ctwocolumn-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">6.2 <code>\twocolumn</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">6.2 <code>\twocolumn</code></h3> <a name="index-_005ctwocolumn"></a> <a name="index-multicolumn-text"></a> <a name="index-two_002dcolumn-output"></a> @@ -1324,7 +1350,7 @@ and the main text. Default ‘<samp>20pt plus2pt minus4pt</samp>’. Next: <a href="#g_t_005craggedbottom" accesskey="n" rel="next">\raggedbottom</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005ctwocolumn" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\twocolumn</a>, Up: <a href="#Layout" accesskey="u" rel="up">Layout</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cflushbottom-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">6.3 <code>\flushbottom</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">6.3 <code>\flushbottom</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cflushbottom"></a> @@ -1343,7 +1369,7 @@ page. Next: <a href="#Page-layout-parameters" accesskey="n" rel="next">Page layout parameters</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cflushbottom" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\flushbottom</a>, Up: <a href="#Layout" accesskey="u" rel="up">Layout</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005craggedbottom-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">6.4 <code>\raggedbottom</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">6.4 <code>\raggedbottom</code></h3> <a name="index-_005craggedbottom"></a> <a name="index-stretch_002c-omitting-vertical"></a> @@ -1359,7 +1385,7 @@ stretched. Previous: <a href="#g_t_005craggedbottom" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\raggedbottom</a>, Up: <a href="#Layout" accesskey="u" rel="up">Layout</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Page-layout-parameters-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">6.5 Page layout parameters</h2> +<h3 class="section">6.5 Page layout parameters</h3> <a name="index-page-layout-parameters"></a> <a name="index-parameters_002c-page-layout"></a> @@ -1473,7 +1499,7 @@ same as the font size, e.g., ‘<samp>10pt</samp>’ at ‘<samp>10p Next: <a href="#Cross-references" accesskey="n" rel="next">Cross references</a>, Previous: <a href="#Layout" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Layout</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Sectioning-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">7 Sectioning</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">7 Sectioning</h2> <a name="index-sectioning"></a> <p>Sectioning commands provide the means to structure your text into units: @@ -1514,10 +1540,8 @@ Next: <a href="#Cross-references" accesskey="n" rel="next">Cross references</a>, section title can appear in two other places: </p> <ol> -<li> -The table of contents. -</li><li> -The running head at the top of the page. +<li> The table of contents. +</li><li> The running head at the top of the page. </li></ol> <p>You may not want the same text in these places as in the main text. @@ -1568,18 +1592,18 @@ The setting Next: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="n" rel="next">Environments</a>, Previous: <a href="#Sectioning" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Sectioning</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Cross-references-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">8 Cross references</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">8 Cross references</h2> <a name="index-cross-references"></a> <p>One reason for numbering things like figures and equations is to refer the reader to them, as in “See Figure 3 for more details.” </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005clabel" accesskey="1">\label</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Assign a symbolic name to a piece of text. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005clabel" accesskey="1">\label</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Assign a symbolic name to a piece of text. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cpageref" accesskey="2">\pageref</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Refer to a page number. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cpageref" accesskey="2">\pageref</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Refer to a page number. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cref" accesskey="3">\ref</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Refer to a section, figure or similar. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cref" accesskey="3">\ref</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Refer to a section, figure or similar. </td></tr> </table> @@ -1591,7 +1615,7 @@ the reader to them, as in “See Figure 3 for more details.” Next: <a href="#g_t_005cpageref" accesskey="n" rel="next">\pageref</a>, Up: <a href="#Cross-references" accesskey="u" rel="up">Cross references</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005clabel-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">8.1 <code>\label</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">8.1 <code>\label</code></h3> <a name="index-_005clabel"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -1640,7 +1664,7 @@ a colon or period. Some conventionally-used prefixes: Next: <a href="#g_t_005cref" accesskey="n" rel="next">\ref</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005clabel" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\label</a>, Up: <a href="#Cross-references" accesskey="u" rel="up">Cross references</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cpageref_007bkey_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">8.2 <code>\pageref{<var>key</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">8.2 <code>\pageref{<var>key</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cpageref"></a> <a name="index-cross-referencing-with-page-number"></a> <a name="index-page-number_002c-cross-referencing"></a> @@ -1663,7 +1687,7 @@ the place in the text where the corresponding Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cpageref" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\pageref</a>, Up: <a href="#Cross-references" accesskey="u" rel="up">Cross references</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cref_007bkey_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">8.3 <code>\ref{<var>key</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">8.3 <code>\ref{<var>key</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cref"></a> <a name="index-cross-referencing_002c-symbolic"></a> <a name="index-section-number_002c-cross-referencing"></a> @@ -1690,7 +1714,7 @@ such as the word ‘Section’ or ‘Figure’, just the bare nu Next: <a href="#Line-breaking" accesskey="n" rel="next">Line breaking</a>, Previous: <a href="#Cross-references" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Cross references</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Environments-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">9 Environments</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">9 Environments</h2> <a name="index-environments"></a> <a name="index-_005cbegin"></a> @@ -1706,61 +1730,61 @@ Each environment begins and ends in the same manner: </pre></div> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#abstract" accesskey="1">abstract</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Produce an abstract. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#abstract" accesskey="1">abstract</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Produce an abstract. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#array" accesskey="2">array</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Math arrays. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#array" accesskey="2">array</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Math arrays. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#center" accesskey="3">center</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Centered lines. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#center" accesskey="3">center</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Centered lines. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#description" accesskey="4">description</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Labelled lists. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#description" accesskey="4">description</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Labelled lists. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#displaymath" accesskey="5">displaymath</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Formulas that appear on their own line. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#displaymath" accesskey="5">displaymath</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Formulas that appear on their own line. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#document" accesskey="6">document</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Enclose the whole document. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#document" accesskey="6">document</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Enclose the whole document. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#enumerate" accesskey="7">enumerate</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Numbered lists. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#enumerate" accesskey="7">enumerate</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Numbered lists. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#eqnarray" accesskey="8">eqnarray</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Sequences of aligned equations. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#eqnarray" accesskey="8">eqnarray</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Sequences of aligned equations. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#equation" accesskey="9">equation</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Displayed equation. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#equation" accesskey="9">equation</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Displayed equation. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#figure">figure</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Floating figures. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#figure">figure</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Floating figures. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#flushleft">flushleft</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Flushed left lines. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#flushleft">flushleft</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Flushed left lines. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#flushright">flushright</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Flushed right lines. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#flushright">flushright</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Flushed right lines. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#itemize">itemize</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Bulleted lists. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#itemize">itemize</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Bulleted lists. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#letter">letter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Letters. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#letter">letter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Letters. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#list">list</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Generic list environment. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#list">list</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Generic list environment. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#math">math</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> In-line math. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#math">math</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">In-line math. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#minipage">minipage</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Miniature page. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#minipage">minipage</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Miniature page. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#picture">picture</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Picture with text, arrows, lines and circles. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#picture">picture</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Picture with text, arrows, lines and circles. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#quotation">quotation</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Indented environment with paragraph indentation. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#quotation">quotation</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Indented environment with paragraph indentation. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#quote">quote</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Indented environment with no paragraph indentation. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#quote">quote</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Indented environment with no paragraph indentation. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#tabbing">tabbing</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Align text arbitrarily. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#tabbing">tabbing</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Align text arbitrarily. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#table">table</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Floating tables. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#table">table</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Floating tables. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#tabular">tabular</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Align text in columns. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#tabular">tabular</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Align text in columns. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#thebibliography">thebibliography</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Bibliography or reference list. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#thebibliography">thebibliography</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Bibliography or reference list. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#theorem">theorem</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Theorems, lemmas, etc. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#theorem">theorem</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Theorems, lemmas, etc. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#titlepage">titlepage</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> For hand crafted title pages. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#titlepage">titlepage</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">For hand crafted title pages. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#verbatim">verbatim</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Simulating typed input. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#verbatim">verbatim</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Simulating typed input. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#verse">verse</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> For poetry and other things. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#verse">verse</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">For poetry and other things. </td></tr> </table> @@ -1772,7 +1796,7 @@ Each environment begins and ends in the same manner: Next: <a href="#array" accesskey="n" rel="next">array</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="abstract-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.1 <code>abstract</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.1 <code>abstract</code></h3> <a name="index-abstract-environment"></a> <a name="index-abstracts"></a> @@ -1794,7 +1818,7 @@ Next: <a href="#array" accesskey="n" rel="next">array</a>, Up: <a href="#Environ Next: <a href="#center" accesskey="n" rel="next">center</a>, Previous: <a href="#abstract" accesskey="p" rel="previous">abstract</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="array-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.2 <code>array</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.2 <code>array</code></h3> <a name="index-array-environment"></a> <a name="index-arrays_002c-math"></a> @@ -1862,7 +1886,7 @@ namely <code>\arrayrulewidth</code> and <code>\arraystretch</code>. Next: <a href="#description" accesskey="n" rel="next">description</a>, Previous: <a href="#array" accesskey="p" rel="previous">array</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="center-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.3 <code>center</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.3 <code>center</code></h3> <a name="index-center-environment"></a> <a name="index-centering-text_002c-environment-for"></a> @@ -1883,7 +1907,7 @@ margins on the current page. Each line is terminated with the string <code>\\</code>. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ccentering" accesskey="1">\centering</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Declaration form of the <code>center</code> environment. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ccentering" accesskey="1">\centering</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Declaration form of the <code>center</code> environment. </td></tr> </table> @@ -1895,7 +1919,7 @@ string <code>\\</code>. Up: <a href="#center" accesskey="u" rel="up">center</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005ccentering-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.3.1 <code>\centering</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.3.1 <code>\centering</code></h4> <a name="index-_005ccentering"></a> <a name="index-centering-text_002c-declaration-for"></a> @@ -1930,7 +1954,7 @@ second line \\ Next: <a href="#displaymath" accesskey="n" rel="next">displaymath</a>, Previous: <a href="#center" accesskey="p" rel="previous">center</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="description-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.4 <code>description</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.4 <code>description</code></h3> <a name="index-description-environment"></a> <a name="index-labelled-lists_002c-creating"></a> @@ -1970,7 +1994,7 @@ plain typewriter}]</code>. Next: <a href="#document" accesskey="n" rel="next">document</a>, Previous: <a href="#description" accesskey="p" rel="previous">description</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="displaymath-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.5 <code>displaymath</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.5 <code>displaymath</code></h3> <a name="index-displaymath-environment"></a> @@ -2004,7 +2028,7 @@ equation number, use the <code>equation</code> environment (see <a href="#equati Next: <a href="#enumerate" accesskey="n" rel="next">enumerate</a>, Previous: <a href="#displaymath" accesskey="p" rel="previous">displaymath</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="document-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.6 <code>document</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.6 <code>document</code></h3> <a name="index-document-environment"></a> @@ -2019,7 +2043,7 @@ It is required in every LaTeX document. See <a href="#Starting-_0026-ending">St Next: <a href="#eqnarray" accesskey="n" rel="next">eqnarray</a>, Previous: <a href="#document" accesskey="p" rel="previous">document</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="enumerate-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.7 <code>enumerate</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.7 <code>enumerate</code></h3> <a name="index-enumerate-environment"></a> <a name="index-lists-of-items_002c-numbered"></a> @@ -2068,7 +2092,8 @@ that item. <a name="index-_005clabelenumiv"></a> <p>The <code>enumerate</code> environment uses the commands <code>\labelenumi</code> through <code>\labelenumiv</code> to produce the default label. So, you can -use <code>\renewcommand</code> to change the labels (see <a href="#g_t_005cnewcommand-_0026-_005crenewcommand">\newcommand & \renewcommand</a>). For instance, to have the first level use uppercase +use <code>\renewcommand</code> to change the labels (see <a href="#g_t_005cnewcommand-_0026-_005crenewcommand">\newcommand & +\renewcommand</a>). For instance, to have the first level use uppercase letters: </p> <a name="index-_005cAlph-example"></a> @@ -2085,12 +2110,24 @@ letters: Next: <a href="#equation" accesskey="n" rel="next">equation</a>, Previous: <a href="#enumerate" accesskey="p" rel="previous">enumerate</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="eqnarray-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.8 <code>eqnarray</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.8 <code>eqnarray</code></h3> <a name="index-eqnarray-environment"></a> <a name="index-equations_002c-aligning"></a> -<a name="index-aligning-Equations"></a> +<a name="index-aligning-equations"></a> +<a name="index-align-environment_002c-from-amsmath"></a> +<a name="index-amsmath-package_002c-replacing-eqnarray"></a> +<a name="index-Madsen_002c-Lars"></a> +<p>First, a caveat: the <code>eqnarray</code> environment has some infelicities +which cannot be overcome; the article “Avoid eqnarray!” by Lars +Madsen describes them in detail +(<a href="http://tug.org/TUGboat/tb33-1/tb103madsen.pdf">http://tug.org/TUGboat/tb33-1/tb103madsen.pdf</a>). The bottom +line is that it is better to use the <code>align</code> environment (and +others) from the <code>amsmath</code> package. +</p> +<p>Nevertheless, here is a description of <code>eqnarray</code>: +</p> <div class="example"> <pre class="example">\begin{eqnarray} <span class="roman">(or <code>eqnarray*</code>)</span> <var>formula1</var> \\ @@ -2130,7 +2167,7 @@ zero width. Next: <a href="#figure" accesskey="n" rel="next">figure</a>, Previous: <a href="#eqnarray" accesskey="p" rel="previous">eqnarray</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="equation-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.9 <code>equation</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.9 <code>equation</code></h3> <a name="index-equation-environment"></a> <a name="index-equations_002c-environment-for"></a> @@ -2156,7 +2193,7 @@ on the page, and also places an equation number in the right margin. Next: <a href="#flushleft" accesskey="n" rel="next">flushleft</a>, Previous: <a href="#equation" accesskey="p" rel="previous">equation</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="figure-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.10 <code>figure</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.10 <code>figure</code></h3> <a name="index-figure"></a> <a name="index-inserting-figures"></a> <a name="index-figures_002c-inserting"></a> @@ -2176,6 +2213,8 @@ Figures will not be split between two pages. <p>When typesetting in double-columns, the starred form produces a full-width figure (across both columns). </p> +<a name="index-placement-of-floats"></a> +<a name="index-specifier_002c-float-placement"></a> <p>The optional argument <code>[placement]</code> determines where LaTeX will try to place your figure. There are four places where LaTeX can possibly put a float: @@ -2196,10 +2235,15 @@ FAQ: <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=2colfloat">http://w <dt><code>h</code></dt> <dd><a name="index-float-package"></a> <p>(Here)—at the position in the text where the figure environment -appears. However, this is not allowed by itself, <code>t</code> is -automatically added. To absolutely force a figure to appear “here”, -use the <code>float</code> and use its <code>H</code> placement letter. (That -package also provides other options.) +appears. However, this is not allowed by itself; <code>t</code> is +automatically added. +</p> +<a name="index-here_002c-putting-floats"></a> +<a name="index-float-package-1"></a> +<p>To absolutely force a figure to appear “here”, you can +<code>\usepackage{float}</code> and use the <code>H</code> specifier which it +defines. For further discussion, see the FAQ entry at +<a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=figurehere">http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=figurehere</a>. </p> </dd> <dt><code>p</code></dt> @@ -2207,13 +2251,21 @@ package also provides other options.) containing no text, only floats. </p> </dd> +<dt><code>!</code></dt> +<dd><p>Used in addition to one of the above; for this float only, LaTeX +ignores the restrictions on both the number of floats that can appear +and the relative amounts of float and non-float text on the page. +The <code>!</code> specifier does <em>not</em> mean “put the float here”; +see above. +</p> +</dd> </dl> <p>The standard report and article classes use the default placement <code>tbp</code>. </p> -<p>The body of the figure is made up of whatever text, LaTeX commands, etc. -you wish. +<p>The body of the figure is made up of whatever text, LaTeX commands, +etc. you wish. </p> <a name="index-_005ccaption"></a> <p>The <code>\caption</code> command specifies caption <var>text</var> for the @@ -2221,6 +2273,9 @@ figure. The caption is numbered by default. If <var>loftitle</var> is present, it is used in the list of figures instead of <var>text</var> (see <a href="#Tables-of-contents">Tables of contents</a>). </p> +<p>Parameters relating to fractions of pages occupied by float and +non-float text: +</p> <dl compact="compact"> <dd><a name="index-_005cbottomfraction"></a> <p>The maximum fraction of the page allowed to be occuped by floats at @@ -2234,6 +2289,25 @@ the bottom; default ‘<samp>.3</samp>’. default ‘<samp>.5</samp>’. </p> </dd> +<dt><code>\textfraction</code> +<a name="index-_005ctextfraction"></a> +</dt> +<dd><p>Minimum fraction of a page that must be text; if floats take up too +much space to preserve this much text, floats will be moved to a +different page. The default is ‘<samp>.2</samp>’. +</p> +</dd> +<dt><code>\topfraction</code> +<a name="index-_005ctopfraction"></a> +</dt> +<dd><p>Maximum fraction at the top of a page that may be occupied before +floats; default ‘<samp>.7</samp>’. +</p></dd> +</dl> + +<p>Parameters relating to vertical space around floats: +</p> +<dl compact="compact"> <dt><code>\floatsep</code> <a name="index-_005cfloatsep"></a> </dt> @@ -2254,25 +2328,36 @@ default ‘<samp>.5</samp>’. </dt> <dd><p>Space between the last (first) float at the top (bottom) of a page; default ‘<samp>20pt plus2pt minus4pt</samp>’. +</p></dd> +</dl> + +<p>Parameters relating to the number of floats on a page: </p> -</dd> -<dt><code>\textfraction</code> -<a name="index-_005ctextfraction"></a> +<dl compact="compact"> +<dt><code>\bottomnumber</code> +<a name="index-_005cbottomnumber"></a> </dt> -<dd><p>Minimum fraction of a page that must be text; if floats take up too -much space to preserve this much text, floats will be moved to a -different page. The default is ‘<samp>.2</samp>’. +<dd><p>Maximum number of floats that can appear at the bottom of a text page; +default 1. </p> </dd> -<dt><code>\topfraction</code> -<a name="index-_005ctopfraction"></a> +<dt><code>\topnumber</code> +<a name="index-_005ctopnumber"></a> </dt> -<dd><p>Maximum fraction at the top of a page that may be occupied before -floats; default is ‘<samp>.7</samp>’. +<dd><p>Maximum number of floats that can appear at the top of a text page; +default 2. </p> </dd> +<dt><code>\totalnumber</code> +<a name="index-_005ctotalnumber"></a> +</dt> +<dd><p>Maximum number of floats that can appear on a text page; default 3. +</p></dd> </dl> +<p>The principal TeX FAQ entry relating to floats: +<a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=floats">http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=floats</a>. +</p> <hr> <a name="flushleft"></a> @@ -2281,7 +2366,7 @@ floats; default is ‘<samp>.7</samp>’. Next: <a href="#flushright" accesskey="n" rel="next">flushright</a>, Previous: <a href="#figure" accesskey="p" rel="previous">figure</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="flushleft-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.11 <code>flushleft</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.11 <code>flushleft</code></h3> <a name="index-flushleft-environment"></a> <a name="index-left_002djustifying-text_002c-environment-for"></a> <a name="index-ragged-right-text_002c-environment-for"></a> @@ -2300,7 +2385,7 @@ consisting of lines that are flush to the left-hand margin and ragged right Each line must be terminated with the string <code>\\</code>. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005craggedright" accesskey="1">\raggedright</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Declaration form of the <code>flushleft</code> environment. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005craggedright" accesskey="1">\raggedright</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Declaration form of the <code>flushleft</code> environment. </td></tr> </table> @@ -2312,7 +2397,7 @@ right Each line must be terminated with the string <code>\\</code>. Up: <a href="#flushleft" accesskey="u" rel="up">flushleft</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005craggedright-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.11.1 <code>\raggedright</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.11.1 <code>\raggedright</code></h4> <a name="index-_005craggedright"></a> <a name="index-ragged-right-text"></a> <a name="index-left_002djustifying-text"></a> @@ -2336,7 +2421,7 @@ command that ends the paragraph unit. Next: <a href="#itemize" accesskey="n" rel="next">itemize</a>, Previous: <a href="#flushleft" accesskey="p" rel="previous">flushleft</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="flushright-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.12 <code>flushright</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.12 <code>flushright</code></h3> <a name="index-flushright-environment"></a> <a name="index-ragged-left-text_002c-environment-for"></a> <a name="index-right_002djustifying-text_002c-environment-for"></a> @@ -2355,7 +2440,7 @@ consisting of lines that are flush to the right-hand margin and ragged left. Each line must be terminated with the string <code>\\</code>. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005craggedleft" accesskey="1">\raggedleft</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Declaration form of the <code>flushright</code> environment. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005craggedleft" accesskey="1">\raggedleft</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Declaration form of the <code>flushright</code> environment. </td></tr> </table> @@ -2367,7 +2452,7 @@ left. Each line must be terminated with the string <code>\\</code>. Up: <a href="#flushright" accesskey="u" rel="up">flushright</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005craggedleft-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.12.1 <code>\raggedleft</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.12.1 <code>\raggedleft</code></h4> <a name="index-_005craggedleft"></a> <a name="index-ragged-left-text"></a> <a name="index-justification_002c-ragged-left"></a> @@ -2391,7 +2476,7 @@ command that ends the paragraph unit. Next: <a href="#letter" accesskey="n" rel="next">letter</a>, Previous: <a href="#flushright" accesskey="p" rel="previous">flushright</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="itemize-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.13 <code>itemize</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.13 <code>itemize</code></h3> <a name="index-itemize-environment"></a> <a name="index-_005citem-2"></a> <a name="index-lists-of-items"></a> @@ -2420,7 +2505,7 @@ There must be at least one <code>\item</code> command within the environment. </p> <ol> <li> • (bullet) -</li><li> <b>-<span class="nolinebreak">-</span></b> (bold en-dash) +</li><li> <b>-<span class="nolinebreak">-</span><!-- /@w --></b> (bold en-dash) </li><li> * (asterisk) </li><li> . (centered dot, rendered here as a period) </li></ol> @@ -2562,7 +2647,7 @@ see <a href="#g_t_005cparskip">\parskip</a>): Next: <a href="#list" accesskey="n" rel="next">list</a>, Previous: <a href="#itemize" accesskey="p" rel="previous">itemize</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="letter-environment_003a-writing-letters"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.14 <code>letter</code> environment: writing letters</h2> +<h3 class="section">9.14 <code>letter</code> environment: writing letters</h3> <a name="index-letter"></a> <p>This environment is used for creating letters. See <a href="#Letters">Letters</a>. @@ -2575,7 +2660,7 @@ Next: <a href="#list" accesskey="n" rel="next">list</a>, Previous: <a href="#ite Next: <a href="#math" accesskey="n" rel="next">math</a>, Previous: <a href="#letter" accesskey="p" rel="previous">letter</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="list-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.15 <code>list</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.15 <code>list</code></h3> <a name="index-list"></a> <a name="index-lists-of-items_002c-generic"></a> @@ -2611,7 +2696,7 @@ empty, i.e., <code>{}</code>, which leaves the default spacing. Next: <a href="#minipage" accesskey="n" rel="next">minipage</a>, Previous: <a href="#list" accesskey="p" rel="previous">list</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="math-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.16 <code>math</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.16 <code>math</code></h3> <a name="index-math-environment"></a> <a name="index-in_002dline-formulas"></a> @@ -2636,7 +2721,7 @@ See <a href="#Math-formulas">Math formulas</a>. Next: <a href="#picture" accesskey="n" rel="next">picture</a>, Previous: <a href="#math" accesskey="p" rel="previous">math</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="minipage-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.17 <code>minipage</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.17 <code>minipage</code></h3> <a name="index-minipage-environment"></a> <a name="index-minipage_002c-creating-a"></a> @@ -2681,7 +2766,7 @@ footnotes; they may wind up at the bottom of the wrong minipage. Next: <a href="#quotation" accesskey="n" rel="next">quotation</a>, Previous: <a href="#minipage" accesskey="p" rel="previous">minipage</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="picture-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.18 <code>picture</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.18 <code>picture</code></h3> <a name="index-picture"></a> <a name="index-creating-pictures"></a> @@ -2764,33 +2849,33 @@ be the lower left corner of the box. <p>The <code>picture</code> commands are described in the following sections. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ccircle" accesskey="1">\circle</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Draw a circle. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ccircle" accesskey="1">\circle</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Draw a circle. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cmakebox-_0028picture_0029" accesskey="2">\makebox (picture)</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Draw a box of the specified size. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cmakebox-_0028picture_0029" accesskey="2">\makebox (picture)</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Draw a box of the specified size. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cframebox-_0028picture_0029" accesskey="3">\framebox (picture)</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Draw a box with a frame around it. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cframebox-_0028picture_0029" accesskey="3">\framebox (picture)</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Draw a box with a frame around it. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cdashbox" accesskey="4">\dashbox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Draw a dashed box. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cdashbox" accesskey="4">\dashbox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Draw a dashed box. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cframe" accesskey="5">\frame</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Draw a frame around an object. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cframe" accesskey="5">\frame</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Draw a frame around an object. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cline" accesskey="6">\line</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Draw a straight line. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cline" accesskey="6">\line</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Draw a straight line. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005clinethickness" accesskey="7">\linethickness</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Set the line thickness. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005clinethickness" accesskey="7">\linethickness</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Set the line thickness. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cthicklines" accesskey="8">\thicklines</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> A heavier line thickness. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cthicklines" accesskey="8">\thicklines</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">A heavier line thickness. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cthinlines" accesskey="9">\thinlines</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> The default line thickness. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cthinlines" accesskey="9">\thinlines</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">The default line thickness. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cmultiput">\multiput</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Draw multiple instances of an object. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cmultiput">\multiput</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Draw multiple instances of an object. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005coval">\oval</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Draw an ellipse. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005coval">\oval</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Draw an ellipse. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cput">\put</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Place an object at a specified place. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cput">\put</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Place an object at a specified place. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cshortstack">\shortstack</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Make a pile of objects. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cshortstack">\shortstack</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Make a pile of objects. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cvector">\vector</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Draw a line with an arrow. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cvector">\vector</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Draw a line with an arrow. </td></tr> </table> @@ -2802,7 +2887,7 @@ be the lower left corner of the box. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cmakebox-_0028picture_0029" accesskey="n" rel="next">\makebox (picture)</a>, Up: <a href="#picture" accesskey="u" rel="up">picture</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005ccircle-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.18.1 <code>\circle</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.18.1 <code>\circle</code></h4> <a name="index-_005ccircle"></a> <div class="example"> @@ -2823,7 +2908,7 @@ draws a solid circle. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cframebox-_0028picture_0029" accesskey="n" rel="next">\framebox (picture)</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005ccircle" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\circle</a>, Up: <a href="#picture" accesskey="u" rel="up">picture</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cmakebox-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.18.2 <code>\makebox</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.18.2 <code>\makebox</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cmakebox-_0028picture_0029"></a> <p><code>\makebox(width,height)[position]{...}</code> @@ -2864,7 +2949,7 @@ your text appears in. You may select up to two of the following: Next: <a href="#g_t_005cdashbox" accesskey="n" rel="next">\dashbox</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cmakebox-_0028picture_0029" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\makebox (picture)</a>, Up: <a href="#picture" accesskey="u" rel="up">picture</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cframebox"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.18.3 <code>\framebox</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.18.3 <code>\framebox</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cframebox"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -2891,7 +2976,7 @@ and the contents of the box. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cframe" accesskey="n" rel="next">\frame</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cframebox-_0028picture_0029" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\framebox (picture)</a>, Up: <a href="#picture" accesskey="u" rel="up">picture</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cdashbox-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.18.4 <code>\dashbox</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.18.4 <code>\dashbox</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cdashbox"></a> @@ -2916,7 +3001,7 @@ multiples of the <code>dlen</code>. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cline" accesskey="n" rel="next">\line</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cdashbox" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\dashbox</a>, Up: <a href="#picture" accesskey="u" rel="up">picture</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cframe-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.18.5 <code>\frame</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.18.5 <code>\frame</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cframe"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -2937,7 +3022,7 @@ space is put between the frame and the object. Next: <a href="#g_t_005clinethickness" accesskey="n" rel="next">\linethickness</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cframe" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\frame</a>, Up: <a href="#picture" accesskey="u" rel="up">picture</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cline-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.18.6 <code>\line</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.18.6 <code>\line</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cline"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -2962,7 +3047,7 @@ see the <code>curve2e</code> and many many other packages on CTAN. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cthicklines" accesskey="n" rel="next">\thicklines</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cline" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\line</a>, Up: <a href="#picture" accesskey="u" rel="up">picture</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005clinethickness-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.18.7 <code>\linethickness</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.18.7 <code>\linethickness</code></h4> <a name="index-_005clinethickness"></a> <p>The <code>\linethickness{<var>dim</var>}</code> command declares the thickness @@ -2980,7 +3065,7 @@ circles, or the quarter circles drawn by <code>\oval</code>. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cthinlines" accesskey="n" rel="next">\thinlines</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005clinethickness" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\linethickness</a>, Up: <a href="#picture" accesskey="u" rel="up">picture</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cthicklines-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.18.8 <code>\thicklines</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.18.8 <code>\thicklines</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cthicklines"></a> <p>The <code>\thicklines</code> command is an alternate line thickness for @@ -2995,7 +3080,7 @@ cf. <a href="#g_t_005clinethickness">\linethickness</a> and <a href="#g_t_0 Next: <a href="#g_t_005cmultiput" accesskey="n" rel="next">\multiput</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cthicklines" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\thicklines</a>, Up: <a href="#picture" accesskey="u" rel="up">picture</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cthinlines-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.18.9 <code>\thinlines</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.18.9 <code>\thinlines</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cthinlines"></a> <p>The <code>\thinlines</code> command is the default line thickness for @@ -3010,7 +3095,7 @@ cf. <a href="#g_t_005clinethickness">\linethickness</a> and <a href="#g_t_0 Next: <a href="#g_t_005coval" accesskey="n" rel="next">\oval</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cthinlines" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\thinlines</a>, Up: <a href="#picture" accesskey="u" rel="up">picture</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cmultiput-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.18.10 <code>\multiput</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.18.10 <code>\multiput</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cmultiput"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -3031,7 +3116,7 @@ pattern across a picture. <var>obj</var> is first placed at position Next: <a href="#g_t_005cput" accesskey="n" rel="next">\put</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cmultiput" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\multiput</a>, Up: <a href="#picture" accesskey="u" rel="up">picture</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005coval-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.18.11 <code>\oval</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.18.11 <code>\oval</code></h4> <a name="index-_005coval"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -3071,7 +3156,7 @@ boxes with rounded corners. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cshortstack" accesskey="n" rel="next">\shortstack</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005coval" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\oval</a>, Up: <a href="#picture" accesskey="u" rel="up">picture</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cput-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.18.12 <code>\put</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.18.12 <code>\put</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cput"></a> @@ -3088,7 +3173,7 @@ argument at the given coordinates. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cvector" accesskey="n" rel="next">\vector</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cput" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\put</a>, Up: <a href="#picture" accesskey="u" rel="up">picture</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cshortstack-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.18.13 <code>\shortstack</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.18.13 <code>\shortstack</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cshortstack"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -3123,7 +3208,7 @@ positions are: Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cshortstack" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\shortstack</a>, Up: <a href="#picture" accesskey="u" rel="up">picture</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cvector-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.18.14 <code>\vector</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.18.14 <code>\vector</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cvector"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -3144,7 +3229,7 @@ length and slope. The <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> values must lie between Next: <a href="#quote" accesskey="n" rel="next">quote</a>, Previous: <a href="#picture" accesskey="p" rel="previous">picture</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="quotation-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.19 <code>quotation</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.19 <code>quotation</code></h3> <a name="index-quotation"></a> <a name="index-quoted-text-with-paragraph-indentation_002c-displaying"></a> @@ -3174,7 +3259,7 @@ normally. Next: <a href="#tabbing" accesskey="n" rel="next">tabbing</a>, Previous: <a href="#quotation" accesskey="p" rel="previous">quotation</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="quote-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.20 <code>quote</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.20 <code>quote</code></h3> <a name="index-quote"></a> <a name="index-quoted-text-without-paragraph-indentation_002c-displaying"></a> @@ -3203,11 +3288,11 @@ blank line between text produces a new paragraph. Next: <a href="#table" accesskey="n" rel="next">table</a>, Previous: <a href="#quote" accesskey="p" rel="previous">quote</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="tabbing-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.21 <code>tabbing</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.21 <code>tabbing</code></h3> <a name="index-tabbing-environment"></a> <a name="index-tab-stops_002c-using"></a> -<a name="index-lining-text-up-in-columns-using-tab-stops"></a> +<a name="index-lining-text-up-using-tab-stops"></a> <a name="index-alignment-via-tabbing"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -3358,7 +3443,7 @@ function \= fact(n : integer) : integer;\\ Next: <a href="#tabular" accesskey="n" rel="next">tabular</a>, Previous: <a href="#tabbing" accesskey="p" rel="previous">tabbing</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="table-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.22 <code>table</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.22 <code>table</code></h3> <a name="index-table"></a> <a name="index-tables_002c-creating"></a> @@ -3398,7 +3483,7 @@ you wish. The <code>\caption</code> command allows you to title your table. Next: <a href="#thebibliography" accesskey="n" rel="next">thebibliography</a>, Previous: <a href="#table" accesskey="p" rel="previous">table</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="tabular-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.23 <code>tabular</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.23 <code>tabular</code></h3> <a name="index-tabular-environment"></a> <a name="index-lines-in-tables"></a> <a name="index-lining-text-up-in-tables"></a> @@ -3412,7 +3497,7 @@ column 1 entry & column 2 entry ... & column n entry \\ \end{tabular} </pre></div> -<p> or +<p>or </p> <div class="example"> <pre class="example">\begin{tabular*}{width}[pos]{cols} @@ -3445,7 +3530,8 @@ the environment. <dl compact="compact"> <dt><code>t</code></dt> <dd><p>align on top row -</p></dd> +</p> +</dd> <dt><code>b</code></dt> <dd><p>align on bottom row </p></dd> @@ -3477,13 +3563,19 @@ intercolumn material. <dt><code>@{<var>text</var>}</code></dt> <dd><p>This inserts <var>text</var> in every row. An @-expression suppresses the intercolumn space normally inserted between columns; any desired space -between the inserted text and the adjacent items must be included in -<var>text</var>. An <code>\extracolsep{wd}</code> command in an @-expression -causes an extra space of width <code>wd</code> to appear to the left of all -subsequent columns, until countermanded by another <code>\extracolsep</code> -command. Unlike ordinary intercolumn space, this extra space is not -suppressed by an @-expression. An <code>\extracolsep</code> command can be -used only in an @-expression in the <code>cols</code> argument. +before the adjacent item must be included in <var>text</var>. +</p> +<p>To insert commands that are automatically executed before a given +column, you have to load the <code>array</code> package and use the +<code>>{...}</code> specifier. +</p> +<a name="index-_005cextracolsep"></a> +<p>An <code>\extracolsep{wd}</code> command in an @-expression causes an +extra space of width <code>wd</code> to appear to the left of all subsequent +columns, until countermanded by another <code>\extracolsep</code> command. +Unlike ordinary intercolumn space, this extra space is not suppressed +by an @-expression. An <code>\extracolsep</code> command can be used only +in an @-expression in the <code>cols</code> argument. </p> </dd> <dt><code>p{<var>wd</var>}</code></dt> @@ -3493,12 +3585,9 @@ used only in an @-expression in the <code>cols</code> argument. appear in the item, except in the following situations: </p> <ol> -<li> -inside an environment like <code>minipage</code>, <code>array</code>, or <code>tabular</code>. -</li><li> -inside an explicit <code>\parbox</code>. -</li><li> -in the scope of a <code>\centering</code>, <code>\raggedright</code>, or <code>\raggedleft</code> +<li> inside an environment like <code>minipage</code>, <code>array</code>, or <code>tabular</code>. +</li><li> inside an explicit <code>\parbox</code>. +</li><li> in the scope of a <code>\centering</code>, <code>\raggedright</code>, or <code>\raggedleft</code> declaration. The latter declarations must appear inside braces or an environment when used in a <code>p</code>-column element. </li></ol> @@ -3547,16 +3636,17 @@ in the <code>tabular</code> and <code>array</code> environments; default is &lsq </dd> </dl> -<p>These commands can be used inside a <code>tabular</code> environment: +<p>The following commands can be used inside a <code>tabular</code> +environment: </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cmulticolumn" accesskey="1">\multicolumn</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Make an item spanning several columns. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cmulticolumn" accesskey="1">\multicolumn</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Make an item spanning several columns. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ccline" accesskey="2">\cline</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Draw a horizontal line spanning some columns. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ccline" accesskey="2">\cline</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Draw a horizontal line spanning some columns. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005chline" accesskey="3">\hline</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Draw a horizontal line spanning all columns. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005chline" accesskey="3">\hline</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Draw a horizontal line spanning all columns. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cvline" accesskey="4">\vline</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Draw a vertical line. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cvline" accesskey="4">\vline</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Draw a vertical line. </td></tr> </table> @@ -3568,7 +3658,7 @@ in the <code>tabular</code> and <code>array</code> environments; default is &lsq Next: <a href="#g_t_005ccline" accesskey="n" rel="next">\cline</a>, Up: <a href="#tabular" accesskey="u" rel="up">tabular</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cmulticolumn-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.23.1 <code>\multicolumn</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.23.1 <code>\multicolumn</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cmulticolumn"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -3603,7 +3693,7 @@ for flushleft, <code>r</code> for flushright. The third mandatory argument, Next: <a href="#g_t_005chline" accesskey="n" rel="next">\hline</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cmulticolumn" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\multicolumn</a>, Up: <a href="#tabular" accesskey="u" rel="up">tabular</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005ccline-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.23.2 <code>\cline</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.23.2 <code>\cline</code></h4> <a name="index-_005ccline"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -3624,7 +3714,7 @@ which are specified in the mandatory argument. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cvline" accesskey="n" rel="next">\vline</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005ccline" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\cline</a>, Up: <a href="#tabular" accesskey="u" rel="up">tabular</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005chline-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.23.3 <code>\hline</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.23.3 <code>\hline</code></h4> <a name="index-_005chline"></a> <p>The <code>\hline</code> command draws a horizontal line the width of the @@ -3640,7 +3730,7 @@ of a table. Previous: <a href="#g_t_005chline" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\hline</a>, Up: <a href="#tabular" accesskey="u" rel="up">tabular</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cvline-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.23.4 <code>\vline</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.23.4 <code>\vline</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cvline"></a> <p>The <code>\vline</code> command will draw a vertical line extending the full @@ -3656,7 +3746,7 @@ move the line to the edge of the column. It can also be used in an Next: <a href="#theorem" accesskey="n" rel="next">theorem</a>, Previous: <a href="#tabular" accesskey="p" rel="previous">tabular</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="thebibliography-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.24 <code>thebibliography</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.24 <code>thebibliography</code></h3> <a name="index-thebibliography"></a> <a name="index-bibliography_002c-creating-_0028manually_0029"></a> @@ -3689,13 +3779,13 @@ commands. It is typically given as <code>9</code> for bibliographies with less than 10 references, <code>99</code> for ones with less than 100, etc. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cbibitem" accesskey="1">\bibitem</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Specify a bibliography item. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cbibitem" accesskey="1">\bibitem</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Specify a bibliography item. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ccite" accesskey="2">\cite</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Refer to a bibliography item. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ccite" accesskey="2">\cite</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Refer to a bibliography item. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnocite" accesskey="3">\nocite</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Include an item in the bibliography. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnocite" accesskey="3">\nocite</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Include an item in the bibliography. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Using-BibTeX" accesskey="4">Using BibTeX</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Automatic generation of bibliographies. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Using-BibTeX" accesskey="4">Using BibTeX</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Automatic generation of bibliographies. </td></tr> </table> @@ -3707,7 +3797,7 @@ less than 10 references, <code>99</code> for ones with less than 100, etc. Next: <a href="#g_t_005ccite" accesskey="n" rel="next">\cite</a>, Up: <a href="#thebibliography" accesskey="u" rel="up">thebibliography</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cbibitem-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.24.1 <code>\bibitem</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.24.1 <code>\bibitem</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cbibitem"></a> @@ -3737,7 +3827,7 @@ associated label. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cnocite" accesskey="n" rel="next">\nocite</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cbibitem" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\bibitem</a>, Up: <a href="#thebibliography" accesskey="u" rel="up">thebibliography</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005ccite-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.24.2 <code>\cite</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.24.2 <code>\cite</code></h4> <a name="index-_005ccite"></a> @@ -3764,7 +3854,7 @@ citation. For example, <code>\cite[p.~314]{knuth}</code> might produce Next: <a href="#Using-BibTeX" accesskey="n" rel="next">Using BibTeX</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005ccite" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\cite</a>, Up: <a href="#thebibliography" accesskey="u" rel="up">thebibliography</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cnocite-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.24.3 <code>\nocite</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.24.3 <code>\nocite</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cnocite"></a> <p><code>\nocite{key_list}</code> @@ -3780,7 +3870,7 @@ which is a list of one or more citation keys, on the ‘<tt>.aux</tt>’ Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cnocite" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\nocite</a>, Up: <a href="#thebibliography" accesskey="u" rel="up">thebibliography</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Using-BibTeX-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.24.4 Using BibTeX</h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.24.4 Using BibTeX</h4> <a name="index-using-BibTeX"></a> <a name="index-bibTeX_002c-using"></a> @@ -3839,7 +3929,7 @@ BibTeX format. Only the entries referred to via <code>\cite</code> and Next: <a href="#titlepage" accesskey="n" rel="next">titlepage</a>, Previous: <a href="#thebibliography" accesskey="p" rel="previous">thebibliography</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="theorem-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.25 <code>theorem</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.25 <code>theorem</code></h3> <a name="index-theorem-environment"></a> <a name="index-theorems_002c-typesetting"></a> @@ -3865,7 +3955,7 @@ possibilities for <var>n</var> are described under <code>\newtheorem</code> Next: <a href="#verbatim" accesskey="n" rel="next">verbatim</a>, Previous: <a href="#theorem" accesskey="p" rel="previous">theorem</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="titlepage-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.26 <code>titlepage</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.26 <code>titlepage</code></h3> <a name="index-titlepage-environment"></a> <a name="index-making-a-title-page"></a> @@ -3896,7 +3986,7 @@ produce a standard title page without a <code>titlepage</code> environment. Next: <a href="#verse" accesskey="n" rel="next">verse</a>, Previous: <a href="#titlepage" accesskey="p" rel="previous">titlepage</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="verbatim-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.27 <code>verbatim</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.27 <code>verbatim</code></h3> <a name="index-verbatim-environment"></a> <a name="index-verbatim-text"></a> @@ -3922,7 +4012,7 @@ effect that they would on a typewriter. <p>The <code>verbatim</code> uses a monospaced typewriter-like font (<code>\tt</code>). </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cverb" accesskey="1">\verb</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> The macro form of the <code>verbatim</code> environment. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cverb" accesskey="1">\verb</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">The macro form of the <code>verbatim</code> environment. </td></tr> </table> @@ -3933,7 +4023,7 @@ effect that they would on a typewriter. Up: <a href="#verbatim" accesskey="u" rel="up">verbatim</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cverb-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">9.27.1 <code>\verb</code></h3> +<h4 class="subsection">9.27.1 <code>\verb</code></h4> <a name="index-_005cverb"></a> <a name="index-verbatim-text_002c-inline"></a> @@ -3963,7 +4053,7 @@ verbatim text. The delimiter must not appear in <var>literal-text</var>. Previous: <a href="#verbatim" accesskey="p" rel="previous">verbatim</a>, Up: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="u" rel="up">Environments</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="verse-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">9.28 <code>verse</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">9.28 <code>verse</code></h3> <a name="index-verse-environment"></a> <a name="index-poetry_002c-an-environment-for"></a> @@ -3995,7 +4085,7 @@ stanzas. Next: <a href="#Page-breaking" accesskey="n" rel="next">Page breaking</a>, Previous: <a href="#Environments" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Environments</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Line-breaking-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">10 Line breaking</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">10 Line breaking</h2> <a name="index-line-breaking"></a> <a name="index-breaking-lines"></a> @@ -4009,21 +4099,21 @@ some environments, you do the line breaking yourself with the <code>\\</code> command, and you can always manually force breaks. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005c_005c" accesskey="1">\\</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Start a new line. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005c_005c" accesskey="1">\\</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Start a new line. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cobeycr-_0026-_005crestorecr" accesskey="2">\obeycr & \restorecr</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Make each input line start a new output line. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cobeycr-_0026-_005crestorecr" accesskey="2">\obeycr & \restorecr</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Make each input line start a new output line. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewline" accesskey="3">\newline</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Break the line +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewline" accesskey="3">\newline</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Break the line </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005c_002d-_0028hyphenation_0029" accesskey="4">\- (hyphenation)</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Insert explicit hyphenation. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005c_002d-_0028hyphenation_0029" accesskey="4">\- (hyphenation)</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Insert explicit hyphenation. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cfussy" accesskey="5">\fussy</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Be fussy about line breaking. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cfussy" accesskey="5">\fussy</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Be fussy about line breaking. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csloppy" accesskey="6">\sloppy</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Be sloppy about line breaking. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csloppy" accesskey="6">\sloppy</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Be sloppy about line breaking. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005chyphenation" accesskey="7">\hyphenation</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Tell LaTeX how to hyphenate a word. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005chyphenation" accesskey="7">\hyphenation</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Tell LaTeX how to hyphenate a word. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005clinebreak-_0026-_005cnolinebreak" accesskey="8">\linebreak & \nolinebreak</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Forcing & avoiding line breaks. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005clinebreak-_0026-_005cnolinebreak" accesskey="8">\linebreak & \nolinebreak</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Forcing & avoiding line breaks. </td></tr> </table> @@ -4035,7 +4125,7 @@ some environments, you do the line breaking yourself with the Next: <a href="#g_t_005cobeycr-_0026-_005crestorecr" accesskey="n" rel="next">\obeycr & \restorecr</a>, Up: <a href="#Line-breaking" accesskey="u" rel="up">Line breaking</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005c_005c_005b_002a_005d_005bmorespace_005d"></a> -<h2 class="section">10.1 <code>\\</code>[*][<var>morespace</var>]</h2> +<h3 class="section">10.1 <code>\\</code>[*][<var>morespace</var>]</h3> <a name="index-_005c_005c-force-line-break"></a> <a name="index-new-line_002c-starting"></a> <a name="index-line-break_002c-forcing"></a> @@ -4056,7 +4146,7 @@ except that it tells LaTeX not to start a new page after the line. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cnewline" accesskey="n" rel="next">\newline</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005c_005c" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\\</a>, Up: <a href="#Line-breaking" accesskey="u" rel="up">Line breaking</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cobeycr-_0026-_005crestorecr-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">10.2 <code>\obeycr</code> & <code>\restorecr</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">10.2 <code>\obeycr</code> & <code>\restorecr</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cobeycr"></a> <a name="index-_005crestorecr"></a> <a name="index-new-line_002c-output-as-input"></a> @@ -4076,7 +4166,7 @@ in the output. Next: <a href="#g_t_005c_002d-_0028hyphenation_0029" accesskey="n" rel="next">\- (hyphenation)</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cobeycr-_0026-_005crestorecr" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\obeycr & \restorecr</a>, Up: <a href="#Line-breaking" accesskey="u" rel="up">Line breaking</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cnewline-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">10.3 <code>\newline</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">10.3 <code>\newline</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cnewline"></a> <a name="index-new-line_002c-starting-_0028paragraph-mode_0029"></a> @@ -4092,7 +4182,7 @@ mode. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cfussy" accesskey="n" rel="next">\fussy</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cnewline" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\newline</a>, Up: <a href="#Line-breaking" accesskey="u" rel="up">Line breaking</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005c_002d-_0028discretionary-hyphen_0029"></a> -<h2 class="section">10.4 <code>\-</code> (discretionary hyphen)</h2> +<h3 class="section">10.4 <code>\-</code> (discretionary hyphen)</h3> <a name="index-_005c_002d-_0028hyphenation_0029"></a> <a name="index-hyphenation_002c-forcing"></a> @@ -4115,7 +4205,7 @@ that LaTeX might otherwise have chosen. Next: <a href="#g_t_005csloppy" accesskey="n" rel="next">\sloppy</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005c_002d-_0028hyphenation_0029" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\- (hyphenation)</a>, Up: <a href="#Line-breaking" accesskey="u" rel="up">Line breaking</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cfussy-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">10.5 <code>\fussy</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">10.5 <code>\fussy</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cfussy"></a> <p>The declaration <code>\fussy</code> (which is the default) makes TeX @@ -4133,7 +4223,7 @@ words, at the cost of an occasional overfull box. Next: <a href="#g_t_005chyphenation" accesskey="n" rel="next">\hyphenation</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cfussy" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\fussy</a>, Up: <a href="#Line-breaking" accesskey="u" rel="up">Line breaking</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005csloppy-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">10.6 <code>\sloppy</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">10.6 <code>\sloppy</code></h3> <p>The declaration <code>\sloppy</code> makes TeX less fussy about line breaking. This will avoid overfull boxes, at the cost of loose @@ -4149,7 +4239,7 @@ interword spacing. Next: <a href="#g_t_005clinebreak-_0026-_005cnolinebreak" accesskey="n" rel="next">\linebreak & \nolinebreak</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005csloppy" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\sloppy</a>, Up: <a href="#Line-breaking" accesskey="u" rel="up">Line breaking</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005chyphenation-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">10.7 <code>\hyphenation</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">10.7 <code>\hyphenation</code></h3> <a name="index-_005chyphenation"></a> <a name="index-hyphenation_002c-defining"></a> @@ -4178,7 +4268,7 @@ misses the hyphenations in these words): Previous: <a href="#g_t_005chyphenation" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\hyphenation</a>, Up: <a href="#Line-breaking" accesskey="u" rel="up">Line breaking</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005clinebreak-_0026-_005cnolinebreak-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">10.8 <code>\linebreak</code> & <code>\nolinebreak</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">10.8 <code>\linebreak</code> & <code>\nolinebreak</code></h3> <a name="index-_005clinebreak"></a> <a name="index-_005cnolinebreak"></a> <a name="index-line-breaks_002c-forcing"></a> @@ -4208,7 +4298,7 @@ from a demand to a request. The <var>priority</var> must be a number from Next: <a href="#Footnotes" accesskey="n" rel="next">Footnotes</a>, Previous: <a href="#Line-breaking" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Line breaking</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Page-breaking-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">11 Page breaking</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">11 Page breaking</h2> <a name="index-page-breaking"></a> <a name="index-breaking-pages"></a> @@ -4217,15 +4307,15 @@ accumulated to fill up a page. Usually this happens automatically, but sometimes you may want to influence the breaks. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ccleardoublepage" accesskey="1">\cleardoublepage</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Start a new right-hand page. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ccleardoublepage" accesskey="1">\cleardoublepage</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Start a new right-hand page. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cclearpage" accesskey="2">\clearpage</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Start a new page. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cclearpage" accesskey="2">\clearpage</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Start a new page. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewpage" accesskey="3">\newpage</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Start a new page. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewpage" accesskey="3">\newpage</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Start a new page. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cenlargethispage" accesskey="4">\enlargethispage</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Enlarge the current page a bit. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cenlargethispage" accesskey="4">\enlargethispage</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Enlarge the current page a bit. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cpagebreak-_0026-_005cnopagebreak" accesskey="5">\pagebreak & \nopagebreak</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Forcing & avoiding page breaks. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cpagebreak-_0026-_005cnopagebreak" accesskey="5">\pagebreak & \nopagebreak</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Forcing & avoiding page breaks. </td></tr> </table> @@ -4237,7 +4327,7 @@ but sometimes you may want to influence the breaks. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cclearpage" accesskey="n" rel="next">\clearpage</a>, Up: <a href="#Page-breaking" accesskey="u" rel="up">Page breaking</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005ccleardoublepage-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">11.1 <code>\cleardoublepage</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">11.1 <code>\cleardoublepage</code></h3> <a name="index-_005ccleardoublepage"></a> <a name="index-starting-on-a-right_002dhand-page"></a> @@ -4255,7 +4345,7 @@ In a two-sided printing style, it also makes the next page a right-hand Next: <a href="#g_t_005cnewpage" accesskey="n" rel="next">\newpage</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005ccleardoublepage" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\cleardoublepage</a>, Up: <a href="#Page-breaking" accesskey="u" rel="up">Page breaking</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cclearpage-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">11.2 <code>\clearpage</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">11.2 <code>\clearpage</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cclearpage"></a> <a name="index-flushing-floats-and-starting-a-page"></a> <a name="index-starting-a-new-page-and-clearing-floats"></a> @@ -4271,7 +4361,7 @@ figures and tables that have so far appeared in the input to be printed. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cenlargethispage" accesskey="n" rel="next">\enlargethispage</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cclearpage" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\clearpage</a>, Up: <a href="#Page-breaking" accesskey="u" rel="up">Page breaking</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cnewpage-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">11.3 <code>\newpage</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">11.3 <code>\newpage</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cnewpage"></a> <a name="index-new-page_002c-starting"></a> <a name="index-starting-a-new-page"></a> @@ -4287,7 +4377,7 @@ floats (see <code>\clearpage</code> above). Next: <a href="#g_t_005cpagebreak-_0026-_005cnopagebreak" accesskey="n" rel="next">\pagebreak & \nopagebreak</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cnewpage" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\newpage</a>, Up: <a href="#Page-breaking" accesskey="u" rel="up">Page breaking</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cenlargethispage-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">11.4 <code>\enlargethispage</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">11.4 <code>\enlargethispage</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cenlargethispage"></a> <a name="index-enlarge-current-page"></a> @@ -4311,7 +4401,7 @@ much as possible. This is normally used together with an explicit Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cenlargethispage" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\enlargethispage</a>, Up: <a href="#Page-breaking" accesskey="u" rel="up">Page breaking</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cpagebreak-_0026-_005cnopagebreak-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">11.5 <code>\pagebreak</code> & <code>\nopagebreak</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">11.5 <code>\pagebreak</code> & <code>\nopagebreak</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cpagebreak"></a> <a name="index-_005cnopagebreak"></a> <a name="index-page-break_002c-forcing"></a> @@ -4325,8 +4415,8 @@ Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cenlargethispage" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\enlar </pre></div> <p>By default, the <code>\pagebreak</code> (<code>\nopagebreak</code>) command forces -(prevents) a page break at the current position. For -<code>\linebreak</code>, the vertical space on the page is stretched out +(prevents) a page break at the current position. With +<code>\pagebreak</code>, the vertical space on the page is stretched out where possible so that it extends to the normal bottom margin. </p> <p>With the optional argument <var>priority</var>, you can convert the @@ -4342,7 +4432,7 @@ insistent the request is. Next: <a href="#Definitions" accesskey="n" rel="next">Definitions</a>, Previous: <a href="#Page-breaking" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Page breaking</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Footnotes-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">12 Footnotes</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">12 Footnotes</h2> <a name="index-footnotes_002c-creating"></a> <p>Footnotes can be produced in one of two ways. They can be produced @@ -4351,15 +4441,15 @@ produced with two commands, the <code>\footnotemark</code> and the <code>\footnotetext</code> commands. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cfootnote" accesskey="1">\footnote</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Insert a footnote. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cfootnote" accesskey="1">\footnote</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Insert a footnote. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cfootnotemark" accesskey="2">\footnotemark</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Insert footnote mark only. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cfootnotemark" accesskey="2">\footnotemark</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Insert footnote mark only. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cfootnotetext" accesskey="3">\footnotetext</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Insert footnote text only. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cfootnotetext" accesskey="3">\footnotetext</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Insert footnote text only. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Symbolic-footnotes" accesskey="4">Symbolic footnotes</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Using symbols instead of numbers for footnotes. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Symbolic-footnotes" accesskey="4">Symbolic footnotes</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Using symbols instead of numbers for footnotes. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Footnote-parameters" accesskey="5">Footnote parameters</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Parameters for footnote formatting. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Footnote-parameters" accesskey="5">Footnote parameters</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Parameters for footnote formatting. </td></tr> </table> @@ -4371,7 +4461,7 @@ produced with two commands, the <code>\footnotemark</code> and the Next: <a href="#g_t_005cfootnotemark" accesskey="n" rel="next">\footnotemark</a>, Up: <a href="#Footnotes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Footnotes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cfootnote-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">12.1 <code>\footnote</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">12.1 <code>\footnote</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cfootnote"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -4396,7 +4486,7 @@ tables or in a <code>tabular</code> environment. (See following sections.) Next: <a href="#g_t_005cfootnotetext" accesskey="n" rel="next">\footnotetext</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cfootnote" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\footnote</a>, Up: <a href="#Footnotes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Footnotes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cfootnotemark-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">12.2 <code>\footnotemark</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">12.2 <code>\footnotemark</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cfootnotemark"></a> <p>With no optional argument, the <code>\footnotemark</code> command puts the @@ -4421,7 +4511,7 @@ markers referring to the same footnote with Next: <a href="#Symbolic-footnotes" accesskey="n" rel="next">Symbolic footnotes</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cfootnotemark" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\footnotemark</a>, Up: <a href="#Footnotes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Footnotes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cfootnotetext-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">12.3 <code>\footnotetext</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">12.3 <code>\footnotetext</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cfootnotetext"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -4445,7 +4535,7 @@ appear in outer paragraph mode. Next: <a href="#Footnote-parameters" accesskey="n" rel="next">Footnote parameters</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cfootnotetext" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\footnotetext</a>, Up: <a href="#Footnotes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Footnotes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Symbolic-footnotes-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">12.4 Symbolic footnotes</h2> +<h3 class="section">12.4 Symbolic footnotes</h3> <a name="index-footnotes_002c-symbolic-instead-of-numbered"></a> <p>If you want to use symbols for footnotes, rather than increasing @@ -4470,7 +4560,7 @@ redefine <code>\@fnsymbol</code>. Previous: <a href="#Symbolic-footnotes" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Symbolic footnotes</a>, Up: <a href="#Footnotes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Footnotes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Footnote-parameters-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">12.5 Footnote parameters</h2> +<h3 class="section">12.5 Footnote parameters</h3> <a name="index-footnote-parameters"></a> <a name="index-parameters_002c-for-footnotes"></a> @@ -4505,28 +4595,28 @@ footnotes. This is ‘<samp>6.65pt</samp>’ for ‘<samp>10pt</sam Next: <a href="#Counters" accesskey="n" rel="next">Counters</a>, Previous: <a href="#Footnotes" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Footnotes</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Definitions-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">13 Definitions</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">13 Definitions</h2> <a name="index-definitions"></a> <p>LaTeX has support for making new commands of many different kinds. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewcommand-_0026-_005crenewcommand" accesskey="1">\newcommand & \renewcommand</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> (Re)define a new command. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewcommand-_0026-_005crenewcommand" accesskey="1">\newcommand & \renewcommand</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">(Re)define a new command. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewcounter" accesskey="2">\newcounter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Define a new counter. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewcounter" accesskey="2">\newcounter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Define a new counter. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewlength" accesskey="3">\newlength</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Define a new length. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewlength" accesskey="3">\newlength</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Define a new length. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewsavebox" accesskey="4">\newsavebox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Define a new box. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewsavebox" accesskey="4">\newsavebox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Define a new box. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewenvironment-_0026-_005crenewenvironment" accesskey="5">\newenvironment & \renewenvironment</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Define a new environment. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewenvironment-_0026-_005crenewenvironment" accesskey="5">\newenvironment & \renewenvironment</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Define a new environment. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewtheorem" accesskey="6">\newtheorem</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Define a new theorem-like environment. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewtheorem" accesskey="6">\newtheorem</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Define a new theorem-like environment. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewfont" accesskey="7">\newfont</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Define a new font name. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnewfont" accesskey="7">\newfont</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Define a new font name. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cprotect" accesskey="8">\protect</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Using tricky commands. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cprotect" accesskey="8">\protect</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Using tricky commands. </td></tr> </table> @@ -4538,7 +4628,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Counters" accesskey="n" rel="next">Counters</a>, Previous: <a hr Next: <a href="#g_t_005cnewcounter" accesskey="n" rel="next">\newcounter</a>, Up: <a href="#Definitions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Definitions</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cnewcommand-_0026-_005crenewcommand-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">13.1 <code>\newcommand</code> & <code>\renewcommand</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">13.1 <code>\newcommand</code> & <code>\renewcommand</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cnewcommand"></a> <a name="index-commands_002c-defining-new-ones"></a> <a name="index-defining-a-new-command"></a> @@ -4591,7 +4681,7 @@ text of the <var>n</var>th argument. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cnewlength" accesskey="n" rel="next">\newlength</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cnewcommand-_0026-_005crenewcommand" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\newcommand & \renewcommand</a>, Up: <a href="#Definitions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Definitions</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cnewcounter-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">13.2 <code>\newcounter</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">13.2 <code>\newcounter</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cnewcounter"></a> <a name="index-counters_002c-defining-new"></a> @@ -4617,7 +4707,7 @@ will be reset whenever <var>countername</var> is incremented. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cnewsavebox" accesskey="n" rel="next">\newsavebox</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cnewcounter" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\newcounter</a>, Up: <a href="#Definitions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Definitions</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cnewlength-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">13.3 <code>\newlength</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">13.3 <code>\newlength</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cnewlength"></a> <a name="index-lengths_002c-defining-new"></a> @@ -4643,7 +4733,7 @@ for more information about lengths in general. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cnewenvironment-_0026-_005crenewenvironment" accesskey="n" rel="next">\newenvironment & \renewenvironment</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cnewlength" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\newlength</a>, Up: <a href="#Definitions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Definitions</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cnewsavebox-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">13.4 <code>\newsavebox</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">13.4 <code>\newsavebox</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cnewsavebox"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -4663,7 +4753,7 @@ defined, to refer to a new bin for storing boxes. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cnewtheorem" accesskey="n" rel="next">\newtheorem</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cnewsavebox" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\newsavebox</a>, Up: <a href="#Definitions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Definitions</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cnewenvironment-_0026-_005crenewenvironment-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">13.5 <code>\newenvironment</code> & <code>\renewenvironment</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">13.5 <code>\newenvironment</code> & <code>\renewenvironment</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cnewenvironment"></a> <a name="index-_005crenewenvironment"></a> <a name="index-environments_002c-defining"></a> @@ -4720,7 +4810,7 @@ may not contain any argument parameters. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cnewfont" accesskey="n" rel="next">\newfont</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cnewenvironment-_0026-_005crenewenvironment" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\newenvironment & \renewenvironment</a>, Up: <a href="#Definitions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Definitions</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cnewtheorem-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">13.6 <code>\newtheorem</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">13.6 <code>\newtheorem</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cnewtheorem"></a> <a name="index-theorems_002c-defining"></a> <a name="index-defining-new-theorems"></a> @@ -4767,7 +4857,7 @@ not both. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cprotect" accesskey="n" rel="next">\protect</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cnewtheorem" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\newtheorem</a>, Up: <a href="#Definitions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Definitions</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cnewfont-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">13.7 <code>\newfont</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">13.7 <code>\newfont</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cnewfont"></a> <a name="index-fonts_002c-new-commands-for"></a> <a name="index-defining-new-fonts"></a> @@ -4793,7 +4883,7 @@ More commonly, fonts are defined in families through ‘<tt>.fd</tt>’ Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cnewfont" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\newfont</a>, Up: <a href="#Definitions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Definitions</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cprotect-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">13.8 <code>\protect</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">13.8 <code>\protect</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cprotect"></a> <a name="index-fragile-commands"></a> @@ -4817,7 +4907,7 @@ be preceded by <code>\protect</code>. </p> <div class="smallexample"> <pre class="smallexample"><a href="http://www-h.eng.cam.ac.uk/help/tpl/textprocessing/teTeX/latex/latex2e-html/fragile.html">http://www-h.eng.cam.ac.uk/help/tpl/textprocessing/teTeX/latex/latex2e-html/fragile.html</a> -<a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=protect">http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=protect</a> +</pre><pre class="smallexample"><a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=protect">http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=protect</a> </pre></div> @@ -4829,7 +4919,7 @@ be preceded by <code>\protect</code>. Next: <a href="#Lengths" accesskey="n" rel="next">Lengths</a>, Previous: <a href="#Definitions" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Definitions</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Counters-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">14 Counters</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">14 Counters</h2> <a name="index-counters_002c-a-list-of"></a> <a name="index-variables_002c-a-list-of"></a> @@ -4849,21 +4939,21 @@ subsubsection </pre></div> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005calph-_005cAlph-_005carabic-_005croman-_005cRoman-_005cfnsymbol" accesskey="1">\alph \Alph \arabic \roman \Roman \fnsymbol</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Print value of a counter. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005calph-_005cAlph-_005carabic-_005croman-_005cRoman-_005cfnsymbol" accesskey="1">\alph \Alph \arabic \roman \Roman \fnsymbol</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Print value of a counter. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cusecounter" accesskey="2">\usecounter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Use a specified counter in a list environment. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cusecounter" accesskey="2">\usecounter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Use a specified counter in a list environment. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cvalue" accesskey="3">\value</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Use the value of a counter in an expression. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cvalue" accesskey="3">\value</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Use the value of a counter in an expression. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csetcounter" accesskey="4">\setcounter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Set the value of a counter. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csetcounter" accesskey="4">\setcounter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Set the value of a counter. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005caddtocounter" accesskey="5">\addtocounter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Add a quantity to a counter. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005caddtocounter" accesskey="5">\addtocounter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Add a quantity to a counter. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005crefstepcounter" accesskey="6">\refstepcounter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Add to counter, resetting subsidiary counters. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005crefstepcounter" accesskey="6">\refstepcounter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Add to counter, resetting subsidiary counters. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cstepcounter" accesskey="7">\stepcounter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Add to counter, resetting subsidiary counters. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cstepcounter" accesskey="7">\stepcounter</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Add to counter, resetting subsidiary counters. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cday-_005cmonth-_005cyear" accesskey="8">\day \month \year</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Numeric date values. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cday-_005cmonth-_005cyear" accesskey="8">\day \month \year</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Numeric date values. </td></tr> </table> @@ -4875,7 +4965,7 @@ subsubsection Next: <a href="#g_t_005cusecounter" accesskey="n" rel="next">\usecounter</a>, Up: <a href="#Counters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Counters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005calph-_005cAlph-_005carabic-_005croman-_005cRoman-_005cfnsymbol_003a-Printing-counters"></a> -<h2 class="section">14.1 <code>\alph \Alph \arabic \roman \Roman \fnsymbol</code>: Printing counters</h2> +<h3 class="section">14.1 <code>\alph \Alph \arabic \roman \Roman \fnsymbol</code>: Printing counters</h3> <p>All of these commands take a single counter as an argument, for instance, <code>\alph{enumi}</code>. @@ -4935,7 +5025,7 @@ double-asterix(**) double-dagger double-ddagger Next: <a href="#g_t_005cvalue" accesskey="n" rel="next">\value</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005calph-_005cAlph-_005carabic-_005croman-_005cRoman-_005cfnsymbol" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\alph \Alph \arabic \roman \Roman \fnsymbol</a>, Up: <a href="#Counters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Counters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cusecounter_007bcounter_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">14.2 <code>\usecounter{<var>counter</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">14.2 <code>\usecounter{<var>counter</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cusecounter"></a> <a name="index-list-items_002c-specifying-counter"></a> <a name="index-numbered-items_002c-specifying-counter"></a> @@ -4958,7 +5048,7 @@ the list items. Next: <a href="#g_t_005csetcounter" accesskey="n" rel="next">\setcounter</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cusecounter" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\usecounter</a>, Up: <a href="#Counters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Counters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cvalue_007bcounter_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">14.3 <code>\value{<var>counter</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">14.3 <code>\value{<var>counter</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cvalue"></a> <a name="index-counters_002c-getting-value-of"></a> @@ -4985,7 +5075,7 @@ be used anywhere LaTeX expects a number, for example: Next: <a href="#g_t_005caddtocounter" accesskey="n" rel="next">\addtocounter</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cvalue" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\value</a>, Up: <a href="#Counters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Counters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005csetcounter_007bcounter_007d_007bvalue_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">14.4 <code>\setcounter{<var>counter</var>}{<var>value</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">14.4 <code>\setcounter{<var>counter</var>}{<var>value</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005csetcounter"></a> <a name="index-counters_002c-setting"></a> <a name="index-setting-counters"></a> @@ -5007,7 +5097,7 @@ Next: <a href="#g_t_005caddtocounter" accesskey="n" rel="next">\addtocounter</a> Next: <a href="#g_t_005crefstepcounter" accesskey="n" rel="next">\refstepcounter</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005csetcounter" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\setcounter</a>, Up: <a href="#Counters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Counters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005caddtocounter_007bcounter_007d_007bvalue_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">14.5 <code>\addtocounter{<var>counter</var>}{<var>value</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">14.5 <code>\addtocounter{<var>counter</var>}{<var>value</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005caddtocounter"></a> <p>The <code>\addtocounter</code> command increments <var>counter</var> by the @@ -5021,7 +5111,7 @@ amount specified by the <var>value</var> argument, which may be negative. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cstepcounter" accesskey="n" rel="next">\stepcounter</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005caddtocounter" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\addtocounter</a>, Up: <a href="#Counters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Counters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005crefstepcounter_007bcounter_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">14.6 <code>\refstepcounter{<var>counter</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">14.6 <code>\refstepcounter{<var>counter</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005crefstepcounter"></a> <p>The <code>\refstepcounter</code> command works in the same way as @@ -5036,7 +5126,7 @@ current <code>\ref</code> value to be the result of <code>\thecounter</code>. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cday-_005cmonth-_005cyear" accesskey="n" rel="next">\day \month \year</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005crefstepcounter" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\refstepcounter</a>, Up: <a href="#Counters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Counters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cstepcounter_007bcounter_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">14.7 <code>\stepcounter{<var>counter</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">14.7 <code>\stepcounter{<var>counter</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cstepcounter"></a> <p>The <code>\stepcounter</code> command adds one to <var>counter</var> and @@ -5050,7 +5140,7 @@ resets all subsidiary counters. Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cstepcounter" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\stepcounter</a>, Up: <a href="#Counters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Counters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cday-_005cmonth-_005cyear_003a-Predefined-counters"></a> -<h2 class="section">14.8 <code>\day \month \year</code>: Predefined counters</h2> +<h3 class="section">14.8 <code>\day \month \year</code>: Predefined counters</h3> <a name="index-_005cday"></a> <a name="index-_005cmonth"></a> <a name="index-_005cyear"></a> @@ -5072,24 +5162,24 @@ current day (see <a href="#g_t_005ctoday">\today</a>). Next: <a href="#Making-paragraphs" accesskey="n" rel="next">Making paragraphs</a>, Previous: <a href="#Counters" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Counters</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Lengths-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">15 Lengths</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">15 Lengths</h2> <a name="index-lengths_002c-defining-and-using"></a> <p>A <code>length</code> is a measure of distance. Many LaTeX commands take a length as an argument. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csetlength" accesskey="1">\setlength</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Set the value of a length. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csetlength" accesskey="1">\setlength</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Set the value of a length. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005caddtolength" accesskey="2">\addtolength</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Add a quantity to a length. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005caddtolength" accesskey="2">\addtolength</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Add a quantity to a length. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csettodepth" accesskey="3">\settodepth</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Set a length to the depth of something. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csettodepth" accesskey="3">\settodepth</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Set a length to the depth of something. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csettoheight" accesskey="4">\settoheight</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Set a length to the height of something. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csettoheight" accesskey="4">\settoheight</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Set a length to the height of something. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csettowidth" accesskey="5">\settowidth</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Set a length to the width of something. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csettowidth" accesskey="5">\settowidth</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Set a length to the width of something. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Predefined-lengths" accesskey="6">Predefined lengths</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Lengths that are, like, predefined. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Predefined-lengths" accesskey="6">Predefined lengths</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Lengths that are, like, predefined. </td></tr> </table> @@ -5101,7 +5191,7 @@ length as an argument. Next: <a href="#g_t_005caddtolength" accesskey="n" rel="next">\addtolength</a>, Up: <a href="#Lengths" accesskey="u" rel="up">Lengths</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005csetlength_007b_005clen_007d_007bvalue_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">15.1 <code>\setlength{\<var>len</var>}{<var>value</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">15.1 <code>\setlength{\<var>len</var>}{<var>value</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005csetlength"></a> <a name="index-lengths_002c-setting"></a> @@ -5118,7 +5208,7 @@ understands, i.e., inches (<code>in</code>), millimeters (<code>mm</code>), poin Next: <a href="#g_t_005csettodepth" accesskey="n" rel="next">\settodepth</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005csetlength" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\setlength</a>, Up: <a href="#Lengths" accesskey="u" rel="up">Lengths</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005caddtolength_007b_005clen_007d_007bamount_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">15.2 \addtolength{<var>\len</var>}{<var>amount</var>}</h2> +<h3 class="section">15.2 \addtolength{<var>\len</var>}{<var>amount</var>}</h3> <a name="index-_005caddtolength"></a> <a name="index-lengths_002c-adding-to"></a> @@ -5134,7 +5224,7 @@ may be negative. Next: <a href="#g_t_005csettoheight" accesskey="n" rel="next">\settoheight</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005caddtolength" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\addtolength</a>, Up: <a href="#Lengths" accesskey="u" rel="up">Lengths</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005csettodepth-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">15.3 <code>\settodepth</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">15.3 <code>\settodepth</code></h3> <a name="index-_005csettodepth"></a> <p><code>\settodepth{\gnat}{text}</code> @@ -5150,7 +5240,7 @@ equal to the depth of the <code>text</code> argument. Next: <a href="#g_t_005csettowidth" accesskey="n" rel="next">\settowidth</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005csettodepth" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\settodepth</a>, Up: <a href="#Lengths" accesskey="u" rel="up">Lengths</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005csettoheight-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">15.4 <code>\settoheight</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">15.4 <code>\settoheight</code></h3> <a name="index-_005csettoheight"></a> <p><code>\settoheight{\gnat}{text}</code> @@ -5167,14 +5257,13 @@ equal to the height of the <code>text</code> argument. Next: <a href="#Predefined-lengths" accesskey="n" rel="next">Predefined lengths</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005csettoheight" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\settoheight</a>, Up: <a href="#Lengths" accesskey="u" rel="up">Lengths</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005csettowidth_007b_005clen_007d_007btext_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">15.5 <code>\settowidth{\<var>len</var>}{<var>text</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">15.5 <code>\settowidth{\<var>len</var>}{<var>text</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005csettowidth"></a> <p>The <code>\settowidth</code> command sets the value of the command <var>\len</var> to the width of the <var>text</var> argument. </p> - <hr> <a name="Predefined-lengths"></a> <div class="header"> @@ -5182,7 +5271,7 @@ to the width of the <var>text</var> argument. Previous: <a href="#g_t_005csettowidth" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\settowidth</a>, Up: <a href="#Lengths" accesskey="u" rel="up">Lengths</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Predefined-lengths-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">15.6 Predefined lengths</h2> +<h3 class="section">15.6 Predefined lengths</h3> <a name="index-lengths_002c-predefined"></a> <a name="index-predefined-lengths"></a> @@ -5199,8 +5288,8 @@ Previous: <a href="#g_t_005csettowidth" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\settowidth <a name="index-_005ctotalheight"></a> </p> <p>These length parameters can be used in the arguments of the box-making -commands (see <a href="#Boxes">Boxes</a>). They specify the natural width etc. of the -text in the box. <code>\totalheight</code> equals <code>\height</code> + +commands (see <a href="#Boxes">Boxes</a>). They specify the natural width, etc., of +the text in the box. <code>\totalheight</code> equals <code>\height</code> + <code>\depth</code>. To make a box with the text stretched to double the natural size, e.g., say </p> @@ -5214,7 +5303,7 @@ natural size, e.g., say Next: <a href="#Math-formulas" accesskey="n" rel="next">Math formulas</a>, Previous: <a href="#Lengths" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Lengths</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Making-paragraphs-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">16 Making paragraphs</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">16 Making paragraphs</h2> <a name="index-making-paragraphs"></a> <a name="index-paragraphs"></a> @@ -5224,13 +5313,13 @@ paragraph cannot be started, such as in math mode or in the argument of a sectioning command. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cindent" accesskey="1">\indent</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Indent this paragraph. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cindent" accesskey="1">\indent</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Indent this paragraph. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnoindent" accesskey="2">\noindent</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Do not indent this paragraph. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cnoindent" accesskey="2">\noindent</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Do not indent this paragraph. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cparskip" accesskey="3">\parskip</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Space added before paragraphs. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cparskip" accesskey="3">\parskip</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Space added before paragraphs. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Marginal-notes" accesskey="4">Marginal notes</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Putting remarks in the margin. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Marginal-notes" accesskey="4">Marginal notes</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Putting remarks in the margin. </td></tr> </table> @@ -5242,7 +5331,7 @@ a sectioning command. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cnoindent" accesskey="n" rel="next">\noindent</a>, Up: <a href="#Making-paragraphs" accesskey="u" rel="up">Making paragraphs</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cindent-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">16.1 <code>\indent</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">16.1 <code>\indent</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cindent"></a> <a name="index-_005cparindent-1"></a> <a name="index-indent_002c-forcing"></a> @@ -5264,7 +5353,7 @@ mode, otherwise <code>15pt</code> for <code>10pt</code> documents, <code>17pt</c Next: <a href="#g_t_005cparskip" accesskey="n" rel="next">\parskip</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cindent" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\indent</a>, Up: <a href="#Making-paragraphs" accesskey="u" rel="up">Making paragraphs</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cnoindent-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">16.2 <code>\noindent</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">16.2 <code>\noindent</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cnoindent"></a> <a name="index-indent_002c-suppressing"></a> @@ -5280,7 +5369,7 @@ the middle of a paragraph. Next: <a href="#Marginal-notes" accesskey="n" rel="next">Marginal notes</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cnoindent" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\noindent</a>, Up: <a href="#Making-paragraphs" accesskey="u" rel="up">Making paragraphs</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cparskip-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">16.3 <code>\parskip</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">16.3 <code>\parskip</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cparskip"></a> <a name="index-vertical-space-before-paragraphs"></a> @@ -5295,7 +5384,7 @@ before each paragraph. The default is <code>0pt plus1pt</code>. Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cparskip" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\parskip</a>, Up: <a href="#Making-paragraphs" accesskey="u" rel="up">Making paragraphs</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Marginal-notes-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">16.4 Marginal notes</h2> +<h3 class="section">16.4 Marginal notes</h3> <a name="index-marginal-notes"></a> <a name="index-notes-in-the-margin"></a> <a name="index-remarks-in-the-margin"></a> @@ -5315,12 +5404,9 @@ where the <code>\marginpar</code> occurs. will be placed </p> <ul> -<li> -in the right margin for one-sided layout; -</li><li> -in the outside margin for two-sided layout; -</li><li> -in the nearest margin for two-column layout. +<li> in the right margin for one-sided layout; +</li><li> in the outside margin for two-sided layout; +</li><li> in the nearest margin for two-column layout. </li></ul> <a name="index-_005creversemarginpar"></a> @@ -5374,7 +5460,7 @@ notes from falling off the bottom of the page. Next: <a href="#Modes" accesskey="n" rel="next">Modes</a>, Previous: <a href="#Making-paragraphs" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Making paragraphs</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Math-formulas-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">17 Math formulas</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">17 Math formulas</h2> <a name="index-math-formulas"></a> <a name="index-formulas_002c-math"></a> <a name="index-math-mode_002c-entering"></a> @@ -5436,17 +5522,17 @@ below summations. For example <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Subscripts-_0026-superscripts" accesskey="1">Subscripts & superscripts</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Also known as exponent or index. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Subscripts-_0026-superscripts" accesskey="1">Subscripts & superscripts</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Also known as exponent or index. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Math-symbols" accesskey="2">Math symbols</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Various mathematical squiggles. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Math-symbols" accesskey="2">Math symbols</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Various mathematical squiggles. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Math-functions" accesskey="3">Math functions</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Math function names like sin and exp. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Math-functions" accesskey="3">Math functions</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Math function names like sin and exp. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Math-accents" accesskey="4">Math accents</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Accents in math. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Math-accents" accesskey="4">Math accents</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Accents in math. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Spacing-in-math-mode" accesskey="5">Spacing in math mode</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Thick, medium, thin and negative spaces. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Spacing-in-math-mode" accesskey="5">Spacing in math mode</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Thick, medium, thin and negative spaces. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Math-miscellany" accesskey="6">Math miscellany</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Stuff that doesn’t fit anywhere else. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Math-miscellany" accesskey="6">Math miscellany</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Stuff that doesn’t fit anywhere else. </td></tr> </table> @@ -5458,7 +5544,7 @@ below summations. For example Next: <a href="#Math-symbols" accesskey="n" rel="next">Math symbols</a>, Up: <a href="#Math-formulas" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math formulas</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Subscripts-_0026-superscripts-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">17.1 Subscripts & superscripts</h2> +<h3 class="section">17.1 Subscripts & superscripts</h3> <a name="index-superscript"></a> <a name="index-subscript"></a> <a name="index-exponent"></a> @@ -5480,7 +5566,7 @@ superscript. Next: <a href="#Math-functions" accesskey="n" rel="next">Math functions</a>, Previous: <a href="#Subscripts-_0026-superscripts" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Subscripts & superscripts</a>, Up: <a href="#Math-formulas" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math formulas</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Math-symbols-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">17.2 Math symbols</h2> +<h3 class="section">17.2 Math symbols</h3> <a name="index-math-symbols"></a> <a name="index-symbols_002c-math"></a> <a name="index-greek-letters"></a> @@ -6747,7 +6833,7 @@ the pi symbol (<em>\pi</em>) in your output. Next: <a href="#Math-accents" accesskey="n" rel="next">Math accents</a>, Previous: <a href="#Math-symbols" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Math symbols</a>, Up: <a href="#Math-formulas" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math formulas</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Math-functions-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">17.3 Math functions</h2> +<h3 class="section">17.3 Math functions</h3> <a name="index-math-functions"></a> <a name="index-functions_002c-math"></a> @@ -6969,7 +7055,7 @@ spacing. Next: <a href="#Spacing-in-math-mode" accesskey="n" rel="next">Spacing in math mode</a>, Previous: <a href="#Math-functions" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Math functions</a>, Up: <a href="#Math-formulas" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math formulas</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Math-accents-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">17.4 Math accents</h2> +<h3 class="section">17.4 Math accents</h3> <a name="index-math-accents"></a> <a name="index-accents_002c-mathematical"></a> @@ -7005,7 +7091,7 @@ in math. These are different from accents in normal text </dt> <dd><a name="index-check-accent_002c-math"></a> <a name="index-hacek-accent_002c-math"></a> -<p>Math hác<ek (check) accent: <em>\check{x}</em>. +<p>Math háček (check) accent: <em>\check{x}</em>. </p> </dd> <dt><code>\ddot</code> @@ -7052,6 +7138,12 @@ in math. These are different from accents in normal text <p>Math dotless j. </p> </dd> +<dt><code>\mathring</code> +<a name="index-_005cmathring"></a> +</dt> +<dd><a name="index-ring-accent_002c-math"></a> +<p>Math ring accent: x*. </p> +</dd> <dt><code>\tilde</code> <a name="index-_005ctilde"></a> </dt> @@ -7090,7 +7182,7 @@ in math. These are different from accents in normal text Next: <a href="#Math-miscellany" accesskey="n" rel="next">Math miscellany</a>, Previous: <a href="#Math-accents" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Math accents</a>, Up: <a href="#Math-formulas" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math formulas</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Spacing-in-math-mode-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">17.5 Spacing in math mode</h2> +<h3 class="section">17.5 Spacing in math mode</h3> <a name="index-spacing-within-math-mode"></a> <a name="index-math-mode_002c-spacing"></a> @@ -7127,7 +7219,7 @@ commands for use in math mode: Previous: <a href="#Spacing-in-math-mode" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Spacing in math mode</a>, Up: <a href="#Math-formulas" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math formulas</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Math-miscellany-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">17.6 Math miscellany</h2> +<h3 class="section">17.6 Math miscellany</h3> <a name="index-math-miscellany"></a> <dl compact="compact"> @@ -7231,7 +7323,7 @@ descenders. Next: <a href="#Page-styles" accesskey="n" rel="next">Page styles</a>, Previous: <a href="#Math-formulas" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Math formulas</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Modes-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">18 Modes</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">18 Modes</h2> <a name="index-modes"></a> <a name="index-paragraph-mode"></a> <a name="index-math-mode"></a> @@ -7243,12 +7335,9 @@ Next: <a href="#Page-styles" accesskey="n" rel="next">Page styles</a>, Previous: modes: </p> <ul> -<li> -Paragraph mode -</li><li> -Math mode -</li><li> -Left-to-right mode, called LR mode for short +<li> Paragraph mode +</li><li> Math mode +</li><li> Left-to-right mode, called LR mode for short </li></ul> <p>LaTeX changes mode only when it goes up or down a staircase to a @@ -7286,7 +7375,7 @@ in, is called “outer paragraph mode”. Next: <a href="#Spaces" accesskey="n" rel="next">Spaces</a>, Previous: <a href="#Modes" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Modes</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Page-styles-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">19 Page styles</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">19 Page styles</h2> <a name="index-styles_002c-page"></a> <a name="index-page-styles"></a> @@ -7294,13 +7383,13 @@ Next: <a href="#Spaces" accesskey="n" rel="next">Spaces</a>, Previous: <a href=" the page’s head and foot. The page style determines what goes in them. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cmaketitle" accesskey="1">\maketitle</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Generate a title page. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cmaketitle" accesskey="1">\maketitle</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Generate a title page. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cpagenumbering" accesskey="2">\pagenumbering</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Set the style used for page numbers. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cpagenumbering" accesskey="2">\pagenumbering</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Set the style used for page numbers. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cpagestyle" accesskey="3">\pagestyle</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Change the headings/footings style. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cpagestyle" accesskey="3">\pagestyle</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Change the headings/footings style. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cthispagestyle" accesskey="4">\thispagestyle</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Change the headings/footings style for this page. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cthispagestyle" accesskey="4">\thispagestyle</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Change the headings/footings style for this page. </td></tr> </table> @@ -7312,7 +7401,7 @@ the page’s head and foot. The page style determines what goes in them. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cpagenumbering" accesskey="n" rel="next">\pagenumbering</a>, Up: <a href="#Page-styles" accesskey="u" rel="up">Page styles</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cmaketitle-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">19.1 <code>\maketitle</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">19.1 <code>\maketitle</code></h3> <a name="index-titles_002c-making"></a> <a name="index-_005cmaketitle"></a> @@ -7371,7 +7460,7 @@ document. Use <code>\\</code> to force a line break, as usual. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cpagestyle" accesskey="n" rel="next">\pagestyle</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cmaketitle" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\maketitle</a>, Up: <a href="#Page-styles" accesskey="u" rel="up">Page styles</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cpagenumbering-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">19.2 <code>\pagenumbering</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">19.2 <code>\pagenumbering</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cpagenumbering"></a> <a name="index-page-numbering-style"></a> @@ -7409,7 +7498,7 @@ Next: <a href="#g_t_005cpagestyle" accesskey="n" rel="next">\pagestyle</a>, Prev Next: <a href="#g_t_005cthispagestyle" accesskey="n" rel="next">\thispagestyle</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cpagenumbering" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\pagenumbering</a>, Up: <a href="#Page-styles" accesskey="u" rel="up">Page styles</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cpagestyle-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">19.3 <code>\pagestyle</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">19.3 <code>\pagestyle</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cpagestyle"></a> <a name="index-header-style"></a> <a name="index-footer-style"></a> @@ -7475,7 +7564,7 @@ the page. Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cpagestyle" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\pagestyle</a>, Up: <a href="#Page-styles" accesskey="u" rel="up">Page styles</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cthispagestyle_007bstyle_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">19.4 <code>\thispagestyle{<var>style</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">19.4 <code>\thispagestyle{<var>style</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cthispagestyle"></a> <p>The <code>\thispagestyle</code> command works in the same manner as the @@ -7490,7 +7579,7 @@ changes to <var>style</var> for the current page only. Next: <a href="#Boxes" accesskey="n" rel="next">Boxes</a>, Previous: <a href="#Page-styles" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Page styles</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Spaces-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">20 Spaces</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">20 Spaces</h2> <a name="index-spaces"></a> <p>LaTeX has many ways to produce white (or filled) space. @@ -7501,31 +7590,31 @@ more often useful in math mode (see <a href="#Spacing-in-math-mode">Spacing in </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tr><th colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><pre class="menu-comment">Horizontal space -</pre></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005chspace" accesskey="1">\hspace</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Fixed horizontal space. +</pre></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005chspace" accesskey="1">\hspace</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Fixed horizontal space. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005chfill" accesskey="2">\hfill</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Stretchable horizontal space. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005chfill" accesskey="2">\hfill</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Stretchable horizontal space. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cSPACE" accesskey="3">\SPACE</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Normal interword space. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cSPACE" accesskey="3">\SPACE</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Normal interword space. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cAT" accesskey="4">\AT</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Ending a sentence. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cAT" accesskey="4">\AT</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Ending a sentence. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cthinspace" accesskey="5">\thinspace</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> One-sixth of an em. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cthinspace" accesskey="5">\thinspace</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">One-sixth of an em. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005c_002f" accesskey="6">\/</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Per-character italic correction. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005c_002f" accesskey="6">\/</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Per-character italic correction. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005chrulefill" accesskey="7">\hrulefill</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Stretchable horizontal rule. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005chrulefill" accesskey="7">\hrulefill</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Stretchable horizontal rule. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cdotfill" accesskey="8">\dotfill</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Stretchable horizontal dots. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cdotfill" accesskey="8">\dotfill</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Stretchable horizontal dots. </td></tr> <tr><th colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><pre class="menu-comment"> Vertical space -</pre></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005caddvspace" accesskey="9">\addvspace</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Add arbitrary vertical space if needed. +</pre></th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005caddvspace" accesskey="9">\addvspace</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Add arbitrary vertical space if needed. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cbigskip-_005cmedskip-_005csmallskip">\bigskip \medskip \smallskip</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Fixed vertical spaces. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cbigskip-_005cmedskip-_005csmallskip">\bigskip \medskip \smallskip</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Fixed vertical spaces. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cvfill">\vfill</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Infinitely stretchable vertical space. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cvfill">\vfill</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Infinitely stretchable vertical space. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cvspace">\vspace</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Add arbitrary vertical space. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cvspace">\vspace</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Add arbitrary vertical space. </td></tr> </table> @@ -7537,7 +7626,7 @@ Vertical space Next: <a href="#g_t_005chfill" accesskey="n" rel="next">\hfill</a>, Up: <a href="#Spaces" accesskey="u" rel="up">Spaces</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005chspace-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">20.1 <code>\hspace</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">20.1 <code>\hspace</code></h3> <a name="index-_005chspace"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -7564,7 +7653,7 @@ form. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cSPACE" accesskey="n" rel="next">\SPACE</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005chspace" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\hspace</a>, Up: <a href="#Spaces" accesskey="u" rel="up">Spaces</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005chfill-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">20.2 <code>\hfill</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">20.2 <code>\hfill</code></h3> <a name="index-_005chfill"></a> <p>The <code>\hfill</code> fill command produces a “rubber length” which has @@ -7584,7 +7673,7 @@ equivalent to <code>\hfill</code>. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cAT" accesskey="n" rel="next">\AT</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005chfill" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\hfill</a>, Up: <a href="#Spaces" accesskey="u" rel="up">Spaces</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cSPACE-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">20.3 <code>\SPACE</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">20.3 <code>\SPACE</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cSPACE"></a> <a name="index-_005cTAB"></a> <a name="index-_005cNEWLINE"></a> @@ -7606,7 +7695,7 @@ are equivalent to <code>\ </code>. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cthinspace" accesskey="n" rel="next">\thinspace</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cSPACE" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\SPACE</a>, Up: <a href="#Spaces" accesskey="u" rel="up">Spaces</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005c_0040"></a> -<h2 class="section">20.4 <code>\@</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">20.4 <code>\@</code></h3> <a name="index-_005c_0040"></a> <p>The <code>\@</code> command makes the following punctuation character end a @@ -7615,15 +7704,15 @@ a capital letter. Here are side-by-side examples with and without <code>\@</code>: </p> <div class="example"> -<pre class="example">… in C\@. Pascal, though … -… in C. Pascal, though … +<pre class="example">… in C\@. Pascal, though … +… in C. Pascal, though … </pre></div> <p>produces </p> <blockquote> -<p>… in C. Pascal, though … -… in C. Pascal, though … +<p>… in C. Pascal, though … +… in C. Pascal, though … </p></blockquote> @@ -7634,7 +7723,7 @@ a capital letter. Here are side-by-side examples with and without Next: <a href="#g_t_005c_002f" accesskey="n" rel="next">\/</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cAT" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\AT</a>, Up: <a href="#Spaces" accesskey="u" rel="up">Spaces</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cthinspace-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">20.5 <code>\thinspace</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">20.5 <code>\thinspace</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cthinspace"></a> <p><code>\thinspace</code> produces an unbreakable and unstretchable space that @@ -7649,7 +7738,7 @@ in ’”. Next: <a href="#g_t_005chrulefill" accesskey="n" rel="next">\hrulefill</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cthinspace" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\thinspace</a>, Up: <a href="#Spaces" accesskey="u" rel="up">Spaces</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005c_002f-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">20.6 <code>\/</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">20.6 <code>\/</code></h3> <a name="index-_005c_002f"></a> <p>The <code>\/</code> command produces an <em>italic correction</em>. This is a @@ -7677,7 +7766,7 @@ with pdfTeX. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cdotfill" accesskey="n" rel="next">\dotfill</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005c_002f" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\/</a>, Up: <a href="#Spaces" accesskey="u" rel="up">Spaces</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005chrulefill-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">20.7 <code>\hrulefill</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">20.7 <code>\hrulefill</code></h3> <a name="index-_005chrulefill"></a> <p>The <code>\hrulefill</code> fill command produces a “rubber length” which can @@ -7692,7 +7781,7 @@ rule. Next: <a href="#g_t_005caddvspace" accesskey="n" rel="next">\addvspace</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005chrulefill" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\hrulefill</a>, Up: <a href="#Spaces" accesskey="u" rel="up">Spaces</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cdotfill-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">20.8 <code>\dotfill</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">20.8 <code>\dotfill</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cdotfill"></a> @@ -7707,7 +7796,7 @@ with dots instead of just white space. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cbigskip-_005cmedskip-_005csmallskip" accesskey="n" rel="next">\bigskip \medskip \smallskip</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cdotfill" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\dotfill</a>, Up: <a href="#Spaces" accesskey="u" rel="up">Spaces</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005caddvspace-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">20.9 <code>\addvspace</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">20.9 <code>\addvspace</code></h3> <a name="index-_005caddvspace"></a> <a name="index-vertical-space"></a> <a name="index-space_002c-inserting-vertical"></a> @@ -7728,7 +7817,7 @@ of the total vertical space equal to <code>length</code>. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cvfill" accesskey="n" rel="next">\vfill</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005caddvspace" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\addvspace</a>, Up: <a href="#Spaces" accesskey="u" rel="up">Spaces</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cbigskip-_005cmedskip-_005csmallskip-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">20.10 <code>\bigskip \medskip \smallskip</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">20.10 <code>\bigskip \medskip \smallskip</code></h3> <p>These commands produce a given amount of space. </p> @@ -7766,7 +7855,7 @@ quarter of a line space (with stretch and shrink). Next: <a href="#g_t_005cvspace" accesskey="n" rel="next">\vspace</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cbigskip-_005cmedskip-_005csmallskip" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\bigskip \medskip \smallskip</a>, Up: <a href="#Spaces" accesskey="u" rel="up">Spaces</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cvfill-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">20.11 <code>\vfill</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">20.11 <code>\vfill</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cvfill"></a> <p>The <code>\vfill</code> fill command produces a rubber length (glue) which @@ -7781,7 +7870,7 @@ can stretch or shrink vertically as far as needed. It’s equivalent to Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cvfill" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\vfill</a>, Up: <a href="#Spaces" accesskey="u" rel="up">Spaces</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cvspace_005b_002a_005d_007blength_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">20.12 <code>\vspace[*]{<var>length</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">20.12 <code>\vspace[*]{<var>length</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cvspace"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -7805,7 +7894,7 @@ space is not removed. Next: <a href="#Special-insertions" accesskey="n" rel="next">Special insertions</a>, Previous: <a href="#Spaces" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Spaces</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Boxes-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">21 Boxes</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">21 Boxes</h2> <a name="index-boxes"></a> @@ -7813,23 +7902,23 @@ Next: <a href="#Special-insertions" accesskey="n" rel="next">Special insertions< used in the arguments of the box-making commands. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cmbox" accesskey="1">\mbox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Horizontal boxes. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cmbox" accesskey="1">\mbox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Horizontal boxes. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cfbox-and-_005cframebox" accesskey="2">\fbox and \framebox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Put a frame around a box. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cfbox-and-_005cframebox" accesskey="2">\fbox and \framebox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Put a frame around a box. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#lrbox" accesskey="3">lrbox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> An environment like \sbox. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#lrbox" accesskey="3">lrbox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">An environment like \sbox. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cmakebox" accesskey="4">\makebox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Box, adjustable position. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cmakebox" accesskey="4">\makebox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Box, adjustable position. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cparbox" accesskey="5">\parbox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Box with text in paragraph mode. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cparbox" accesskey="5">\parbox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Box with text in paragraph mode. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005craisebox" accesskey="6">\raisebox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Raise or lower text. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005craisebox" accesskey="6">\raisebox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Raise or lower text. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csavebox" accesskey="7">\savebox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Like \makebox, but save the text for later use. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csavebox" accesskey="7">\savebox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Like \makebox, but save the text for later use. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csbox" accesskey="8">\sbox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Like \mbox, but save the text for later use. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csbox" accesskey="8">\sbox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Like \mbox, but save the text for later use. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cusebox" accesskey="9">\usebox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Print saved text. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cusebox" accesskey="9">\usebox</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Print saved text. </td></tr> </table> @@ -7841,7 +7930,7 @@ used in the arguments of the box-making commands. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cfbox-and-_005cframebox" accesskey="n" rel="next">\fbox and \framebox</a>, Up: <a href="#Boxes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Boxes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cmbox_007btext_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">21.1 <code>\mbox{<var>text}</var></code></h2> +<h3 class="section">21.1 <code>\mbox{<var>text}</var></code></h3> <a name="index-_005cmbox"></a> <a name="index-hyphenation_002c-preventing"></a> @@ -7857,7 +7946,7 @@ lines, so it can be used to prevent hyphenation. Next: <a href="#lrbox" accesskey="n" rel="next">lrbox</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cmbox" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\mbox</a>, Up: <a href="#Boxes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Boxes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cfbox-and-_005cframebox-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">21.2 <code>\fbox</code> and <code>\framebox</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">21.2 <code>\fbox</code> and <code>\framebox</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cfbox"></a> <a name="index-_005cframebox-1"></a> @@ -7893,7 +7982,7 @@ argument. </p> Next: <a href="#g_t_005cmakebox" accesskey="n" rel="next">\makebox</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cfbox-and-_005cframebox" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\fbox and \framebox</a>, Up: <a href="#Boxes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Boxes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="lrbox-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">21.3 <code>lrbox</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">21.3 <code>lrbox</code></h3> <a name="index-lrbox"></a> <p><code>\begin{lrbox}{cmd} text \end{lrbox}</code> @@ -7911,7 +8000,7 @@ must have been declared with <code>\newsavebox</code>. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cparbox" accesskey="n" rel="next">\parbox</a>, Previous: <a href="#lrbox" accesskey="p" rel="previous">lrbox</a>, Up: <a href="#Boxes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Boxes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cmakebox-2"></a> -<h2 class="section">21.4 <code>\makebox</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">21.4 <code>\makebox</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cmakebox"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -7953,7 +8042,7 @@ see <a href="#g_t_005cmakebox-_0028picture_0029">\makebox (picture)</a>. Next: <a href="#g_t_005craisebox" accesskey="n" rel="next">\raisebox</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cmakebox" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\makebox</a>, Up: <a href="#Boxes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Boxes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cparbox-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">21.5 <code>\parbox</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">21.5 <code>\parbox</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cparbox"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -8014,7 +8103,7 @@ for this to work. Next: <a href="#g_t_005csavebox" accesskey="n" rel="next">\savebox</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cparbox" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\parbox</a>, Up: <a href="#Boxes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Boxes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005craisebox-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">21.6 <code>\raisebox</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">21.6 <code>\raisebox</code></h3> <a name="index-_005craisebox"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -8041,7 +8130,7 @@ ignoring its natural height and depth. Next: <a href="#g_t_005csbox" accesskey="n" rel="next">\sbox</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005craisebox" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\raisebox</a>, Up: <a href="#Boxes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Boxes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005csavebox-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">21.7 <code>\savebox</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">21.7 <code>\savebox</code></h3> <a name="index-_005csavebox"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -8063,7 +8152,7 @@ declared with <code>\newsavebox</code> (see <a href="#g_t_005cnewsavebox">\newsa Next: <a href="#g_t_005cusebox" accesskey="n" rel="next">\usebox</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005csavebox" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\savebox</a>, Up: <a href="#Boxes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Boxes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005csbox_007b_005cboxcmd_007d_007btext_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">21.8 <code>\sbox{<var>\boxcmd</var>}{<var>text</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">21.8 <code>\sbox{<var>\boxcmd</var>}{<var>text</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005csbox"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -8086,7 +8175,7 @@ included in the normal output, it is saved in the box labeled Previous: <a href="#g_t_005csbox" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\sbox</a>, Up: <a href="#Boxes" accesskey="u" rel="up">Boxes</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cusebox_007b_005cboxcmd"></a> -<h2 class="section">21.9 <code>\usebox{<var>\boxcmd</var></code></h2> +<h3 class="section">21.9 <code>\usebox{<var>\boxcmd</var></code></h3> <a name="index-_005cusebox"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -8106,23 +8195,23 @@ Previous: <a href="#g_t_005csbox" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\sbox</a>, Up: <a Next: <a href="#Splitting-the-input" accesskey="n" rel="next">Splitting the input</a>, Previous: <a href="#Boxes" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Boxes</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Special-insertions-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">22 Special insertions</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">22 Special insertions</h2> <p>LaTeX provides commands for inserting characters that have a special meaning do not correspond to simple characters you can type. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Reserved-characters" accesskey="1">Reserved characters</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Inserting # $ % & ~ _ ^ \ { } +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Reserved-characters" accesskey="1">Reserved characters</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Inserting # $ % & ~ _ ^ \ { } </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Text-symbols" accesskey="2">Text symbols</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Inserting other non-letter symbols in text. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Text-symbols" accesskey="2">Text symbols</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Inserting other non-letter symbols in text. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Accents" accesskey="3">Accents</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Inserting accents. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Accents" accesskey="3">Accents</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Inserting accents. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Non_002dEnglish-characters" accesskey="4">Non-English characters</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Inserting other non-English characters. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Non_002dEnglish-characters" accesskey="4">Non-English characters</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Inserting other non-English characters. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005crule" accesskey="5">\rule</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Inserting lines and rectangles. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005crule" accesskey="5">\rule</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Inserting lines and rectangles. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ctoday" accesskey="6">\today</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Inserting today’s date. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ctoday" accesskey="6">\today</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Inserting today’s date. </td></tr> </table> @@ -8134,7 +8223,7 @@ special meaning do not correspond to simple characters you can type. Next: <a href="#Text-symbols" accesskey="n" rel="next">Text symbols</a>, Up: <a href="#Special-insertions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Special insertions</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Reserved-characters-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">22.1 Reserved characters</h2> +<h3 class="section">22.1 Reserved characters</h3> <a name="index-reserved-characters"></a> <a name="index-characters_002c-reserved"></a> @@ -8190,7 +8279,7 @@ with <code>"</code>, so the previous example could also be written as Next: <a href="#Accents" accesskey="n" rel="next">Accents</a>, Previous: <a href="#Reserved-characters" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Reserved characters</a>, Up: <a href="#Special-insertions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Special insertions</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Text-symbols-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">22.2 Text symbols</h2> +<h3 class="section">22.2 Text symbols</h3> <a name="index-text-symbols"></a> <a name="index-textcomp-package"></a> @@ -8647,7 +8736,7 @@ has the ascender height. Next: <a href="#Non_002dEnglish-characters" accesskey="n" rel="next">Non-English characters</a>, Previous: <a href="#Text-symbols" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Text symbols</a>, Up: <a href="#Special-insertions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Special insertions</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Accents-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">22.3 Accents</h2> +<h3 class="section">22.3 Accents</h3> <a name="index-accents"></a> <a name="index-characters_002c-accented"></a> @@ -8821,7 +8910,7 @@ descenders. See also <code>\underline</code> in <a href="#Math-miscellany">Math <a name="index-hacek-accent"></a> <a name="index-check-accent"></a> <a name="index-caron-accent"></a> -<p>Produces a hác<ek (check, caron) accent, as in ‘o<’. +<p>Produces a háček (check, caron) accent, as in ‘ǒ’. </p> </dd> </dl> @@ -8834,7 +8923,7 @@ descenders. See also <code>\underline</code> in <a href="#Math-miscellany">Math Next: <a href="#g_t_005crule" accesskey="n" rel="next">\rule</a>, Previous: <a href="#Accents" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Accents</a>, Up: <a href="#Special-insertions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Special insertions</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Non_002dEnglish-characters-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">22.4 Non-English characters</h2> +<h3 class="section">22.4 Non-English characters</h3> <a name="index-special-characters"></a> <a name="index-non_002dEnglish-characters"></a> @@ -8944,7 +9033,7 @@ used in languages other than English. Next: <a href="#g_t_005ctoday" accesskey="n" rel="next">\today</a>, Previous: <a href="#Non_002dEnglish-characters" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Non-English characters</a>, Up: <a href="#Special-insertions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Special insertions</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005crule-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">22.5 <code>\rule</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">22.5 <code>\rule</code></h3> <a name="index-_005crule"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -8978,7 +9067,7 @@ rectangles. The arguments are: Previous: <a href="#g_t_005crule" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\rule</a>, Up: <a href="#Special-insertions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Special insertions</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005ctoday-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">22.6 <code>\today</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">22.6 <code>\today</code></h3> <a name="index-_005ctoday"></a> <p>The <code>\today</code> command produces today’s date, in the format @@ -8999,7 +9088,7 @@ of other date formats. Next: <a href="#Front_002fback-matter" accesskey="n" rel="next">Front/back matter</a>, Previous: <a href="#Special-insertions" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Special insertions</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Splitting-the-input-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">23 Splitting the input</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">23 Splitting the input</h2> <a name="index-splitting-the-input-file"></a> <a name="index-input-file"></a> @@ -9010,11 +9099,11 @@ there is one that is the root file; it is the one whose name you type when you run LaTeX. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cinclude" accesskey="1">\include</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Conditionally include a file. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cinclude" accesskey="1">\include</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Conditionally include a file. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cincludeonly" accesskey="2">\includeonly</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Determine which files are included. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cincludeonly" accesskey="2">\includeonly</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Determine which files are included. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cinput" accesskey="3">\input</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Unconditionally include a file. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cinput" accesskey="3">\input</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Unconditionally include a file. </td></tr> </table> @@ -9026,7 +9115,7 @@ when you run LaTeX. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cincludeonly" accesskey="n" rel="next">\includeonly</a>, Up: <a href="#Splitting-the-input" accesskey="u" rel="up">Splitting the input</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cinclude-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">23.1 <code>\include</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">23.1 <code>\include</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cinclude"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -9056,7 +9145,7 @@ read by another <code>\include</code> command. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cinput" accesskey="n" rel="next">\input</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cinclude" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\include</a>, Up: <a href="#Splitting-the-input" accesskey="u" rel="up">Splitting the input</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cincludeonly-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">23.2 \<code>includeonly</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">23.2 \<code>includeonly</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cincludeonly"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -9081,7 +9170,7 @@ effective. Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cincludeonly" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\includeonly</a>, Up: <a href="#Splitting-the-input" accesskey="u" rel="up">Splitting the input</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cinput-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">23.3 \input</h2> +<h3 class="section">23.3 \input</h3> <a name="index-_005cinput"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -9107,7 +9196,7 @@ is tried (‘<samp>foo</samp>’ or ‘<samp>foo.bar</samp>’). Next: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="n" rel="next">Letters</a>, Previous: <a href="#Splitting-the-input" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Splitting the input</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Front_002fback-matter-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">24 Front/back matter</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">24 Front/back matter</h2> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Tables-of-contents" accesskey="1">Tables of contents</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> @@ -9126,7 +9215,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="n" rel="next">Letters</a>, Previous: <a href Next: <a href="#Glossaries" accesskey="n" rel="next">Glossaries</a>, Up: <a href="#Front_002fback-matter" accesskey="u" rel="up">Front/back matter</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Tables-of-contents-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">24.1 Tables of contents</h2> +<h3 class="section">24.1 Tables of contents</h3> <a name="index-table-of-contents_002c-creating"></a> @@ -9153,9 +9242,9 @@ Everything works exactly the same as for the table of contents. <em>prevents</em> any of these lists from being generated. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005caddcontentsline" accesskey="1">\addcontentsline</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Add an entry to table of contents etc. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005caddcontentsline" accesskey="1">\addcontentsline</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Add an entry to table of contents etc. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005caddtocontents" accesskey="2">\addtocontents</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Add text directly to table of contents file etc. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005caddtocontents" accesskey="2">\addtocontents</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Add text directly to table of contents file etc. </td></tr> </table> @@ -9167,7 +9256,7 @@ Everything works exactly the same as for the table of contents. Next: <a href="#g_t_005caddtocontents" accesskey="n" rel="next">\addtocontents</a>, Up: <a href="#Tables-of-contents" accesskey="u" rel="up">Tables of contents</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005caddcontentsline-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">24.1.1 \addcontentsline</h3> +<h4 class="subsection">24.1.1 \addcontentsline</h4> <a name="index-_005caddcontentsline_007bext_007d_007bunit_007d_007btext_007d"></a> <a name="index-table-of-contents-entry_002c-manually-adding"></a> @@ -9217,7 +9306,7 @@ command <code>\contentsline{<var>unit</var>}{<var>name</var>}</code>. Previous: <a href="#g_t_005caddcontentsline" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\addcontentsline</a>, Up: <a href="#Tables-of-contents" accesskey="u" rel="up">Tables of contents</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005caddtocontents-1"></a> -<h3 class="subsection">24.1.2 \addtocontents</h3> +<h4 class="subsection">24.1.2 \addtocontents</h4> <a name="index-_005caddtocontents_007bext_007d_007btext_007d"></a> <p>The <code>\addtocontents</code>{<var>ext</var>}{<var>text</var>} command adds text @@ -9244,7 +9333,7 @@ generates the table of contents or lists of figures or tables. Next: <a href="#Indexes" accesskey="n" rel="next">Indexes</a>, Previous: <a href="#Tables-of-contents" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Tables of contents</a>, Up: <a href="#Front_002fback-matter" accesskey="u" rel="up">Front/back matter</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Glossaries-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">24.2 Glossaries</h2> +<h3 class="section">24.2 Glossaries</h3> <a name="index-glossaries"></a> <a name="index-_005cmakeglossary"></a> @@ -9271,7 +9360,7 @@ glossaries. Previous: <a href="#Glossaries" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Glossaries</a>, Up: <a href="#Front_002fback-matter" accesskey="u" rel="up">Front/back matter</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Indexes-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">24.3 Indexes</h2> +<h3 class="section">24.3 Indexes</h3> <a name="index-indexes"></a> <a name="index-_005cmakeindex"></a> @@ -9338,7 +9427,7 @@ TeX FAQ entry on this topic, Next: <a href="#Terminal-input_002foutput" accesskey="n" rel="next">Terminal input/output</a>, Previous: <a href="#Front_002fback-matter" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Front/back matter</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Letters-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">25 Letters</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">25 Letters</h2> <a name="index-letters"></a> <a name="index-creating-letters"></a> @@ -9381,31 +9470,31 @@ commands, use <code>\\</code> to separate the items. <p>These commands are used with the <code>letter</code> class. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005caddress" accesskey="1">\address</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Your return address. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005caddress" accesskey="1">\address</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Your return address. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ccc" accesskey="2">\cc</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Cc list. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ccc" accesskey="2">\cc</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Cc list. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cclosing" accesskey="3">\closing</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Saying goodbye. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cclosing" accesskey="3">\closing</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Saying goodbye. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cencl" accesskey="4">\encl</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> List of enclosed material. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cencl" accesskey="4">\encl</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">List of enclosed material. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005clocation" accesskey="5">\location</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Your organisation’s address. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005clocation" accesskey="5">\location</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Your organisation’s address. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cmakelabels" accesskey="6">\makelabels</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Making address labels. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cmakelabels" accesskey="6">\makelabels</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Making address labels. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cname" accesskey="7">\name</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Your name, for the return address. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cname" accesskey="7">\name</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Your name, for the return address. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005copening" accesskey="8">\opening</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Saying hello. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005copening" accesskey="8">\opening</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Saying hello. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cps" accesskey="9">\ps</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Adding a postscript. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cps" accesskey="9">\ps</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Adding a postscript. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csignature">\signature</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Your signature. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005csignature">\signature</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Your signature. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cstartbreaks">\startbreaks</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Allow page breaks. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cstartbreaks">\startbreaks</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Allow page breaks. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cstopbreaks">\stopbreaks</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Disallow page breaks. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005cstopbreaks">\stopbreaks</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Disallow page breaks. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ctelephone">\telephone</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Your phone number. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ctelephone">\telephone</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Your phone number. </td></tr> </table> @@ -9417,7 +9506,7 @@ commands, use <code>\\</code> to separate the items. Next: <a href="#g_t_005ccc" accesskey="n" rel="next">\cc</a>, Up: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Letters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005caddress_007breturn_002daddress_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">25.1 \address{<var>return-address}</var></h2> +<h3 class="section">25.1 \address{<var>return-address}</var></h3> <a name="index-_005caddress"></a> <p>The <code>\address</code> specifies the return address of a letter, as it @@ -9438,7 +9527,7 @@ letter will be formatted as a personal letter. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cclosing" accesskey="n" rel="next">\closing</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005caddress" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\address</a>, Up: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Letters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005ccc-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">25.2 <code>\cc</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">25.2 <code>\cc</code></h3> <a name="index-_005ccc"></a> <a name="index-cc-list_002c-in-letters"></a> @@ -9460,7 +9549,7 @@ printed on a separate line. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cencl" accesskey="n" rel="next">\encl</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005ccc" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\cc</a>, Up: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Letters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cclosing-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">25.3 <code>\closing</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">25.3 <code>\closing</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cclosing"></a> <a name="index-letters_002c-ending"></a> @@ -9485,7 +9574,7 @@ Next: <a href="#g_t_005cencl" accesskey="n" rel="next">\encl</a>, Previous: <a h Next: <a href="#g_t_005clocation" accesskey="n" rel="next">\location</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cclosing" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\closing</a>, Up: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Letters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cencl-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">25.4 <code>\encl</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">25.4 <code>\encl</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cencl"></a> <a name="index-enclosure-list"></a> @@ -9506,7 +9595,7 @@ Next: <a href="#g_t_005clocation" accesskey="n" rel="next">\location</a>, Previo Next: <a href="#g_t_005cmakelabels" accesskey="n" rel="next">\makelabels</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cencl" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\encl</a>, Up: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Letters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005clocation-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">25.5 <code>\location</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">25.5 <code>\location</code></h3> <a name="index-_005clocation"></a> <p><code>\location{address}</code> @@ -9522,7 +9611,7 @@ if the <code>firstpage</code> pagestyle is selected. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cname" accesskey="n" rel="next">\name</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005clocation" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\location</a>, Up: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Letters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cmakelabels-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">25.6 <code>\makelabels</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">25.6 <code>\makelabels</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cmakelabels"></a> <p><code>\makelabels{number}</code> @@ -9539,7 +9628,7 @@ address labels. This sheet will be output before the letters. Next: <a href="#g_t_005copening" accesskey="n" rel="next">\opening</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cmakelabels" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\makelabels</a>, Up: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Letters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cname-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">25.7 <code>\name</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">25.7 <code>\name</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cname"></a> <p><code>\name{June Davenport}</code> @@ -9555,7 +9644,7 @@ address. Next: <a href="#g_t_005cps" accesskey="n" rel="next">\ps</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cname" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\name</a>, Up: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Letters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005copening_007btext_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">25.8 <code>\opening{<var>text</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">25.8 <code>\opening{<var>text</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005copening"></a> <a name="index-letters_002c-starting"></a> @@ -9581,7 +9670,7 @@ For instance: Next: <a href="#g_t_005csignature" accesskey="n" rel="next">\signature</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005copening" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\opening</a>, Up: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Letters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cps-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">25.9 <code>\ps</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">25.9 <code>\ps</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cps"></a> <a name="index-postscript_002c-in-letters"></a> @@ -9596,7 +9685,7 @@ Next: <a href="#g_t_005csignature" accesskey="n" rel="next">\signature</a>, Prev Next: <a href="#g_t_005cstartbreaks" accesskey="n" rel="next">\startbreaks</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cps" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\ps</a>, Up: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Letters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005csignature_007btext_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">25.10 <code>\signature{<var>text</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">25.10 <code>\signature{<var>text</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005csignature"></a> <p>Your name, as it should appear at the end of the letter underneath the @@ -9611,7 +9700,7 @@ space for your signature. <code>\\</code> starts a new line within Next: <a href="#g_t_005cstopbreaks" accesskey="n" rel="next">\stopbreaks</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005csignature" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\signature</a>, Up: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Letters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cstartbreaks-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">25.11 <code>\startbreaks</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">25.11 <code>\startbreaks</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cstartbreaks"></a> <p><code>\startbreaks</code> @@ -9627,7 +9716,7 @@ Next: <a href="#g_t_005cstopbreaks" accesskey="n" rel="next">\stopbreaks</a>, Pr Next: <a href="#g_t_005ctelephone" accesskey="n" rel="next">\telephone</a>, Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cstartbreaks" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\startbreaks</a>, Up: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Letters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005cstopbreaks-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">25.12 <code>\stopbreaks</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">25.12 <code>\stopbreaks</code></h3> <a name="index-_005cstopbreaks"></a> <p><code>\stopbreaks</code> @@ -9643,7 +9732,7 @@ Next: <a href="#g_t_005ctelephone" accesskey="n" rel="next">\telephone</a>, Prev Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cstopbreaks" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\stopbreaks</a>, Up: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Letters</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005ctelephone-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">25.13 <code>\telephone</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">25.13 <code>\telephone</code></h3> <a name="index-_005ctelephone"></a> <p><code>\telephone{number}</code> @@ -9659,14 +9748,14 @@ Previous: <a href="#g_t_005cstopbreaks" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\stopbreaks Next: <a href="#Command-line" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command line</a>, Previous: <a href="#Letters" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Letters</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Terminal-input_002foutput-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">26 Terminal input/output</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">26 Terminal input/output</h2> <a name="index-input_002foutput"></a> <a name="index-terminal-input_002foutput"></a> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ctypein" accesskey="1">\typein</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Read text from the terminal. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ctypein" accesskey="1">\typein</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Read text from the terminal. </td></tr> -<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ctypeout" accesskey="2">\typeout</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Write text to the terminal. +<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#g_t_005ctypeout" accesskey="2">\typeout</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Write text to the terminal. </td></tr> </table> @@ -9678,7 +9767,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Command-line" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command line</a>, Previou Next: <a href="#g_t_005ctypeout" accesskey="n" rel="next">\typeout</a>, Up: <a href="#Terminal-input_002foutput" accesskey="u" rel="up">Terminal input/output</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005ctypein_005bcmd_005d_007bmsg_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">26.1 <code>\typein[<var>cmd</var>]{<var>msg</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">26.1 <code>\typein[<var>cmd</var>]{<var>msg</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005ctypein"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -9703,7 +9792,7 @@ redefined to be the typed input. Previous: <a href="#g_t_005ctypein" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\typein</a>, Up: <a href="#Terminal-input_002foutput" accesskey="u" rel="up">Terminal input/output</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="g_t_005ctypeout_007bmsg_007d"></a> -<h2 class="section">26.2 <code>\typeout{<var>msg</var>}</code></h2> +<h3 class="section">26.2 <code>\typeout{<var>msg</var>}</code></h3> <a name="index-_005ctypeout"></a> <p>Synopsis: @@ -9731,7 +9820,7 @@ printed, independent of surrounding spaces. A <code>^^J</code> in Next: <a href="#Document-templates" accesskey="n" rel="next">Document templates</a>, Previous: <a href="#Terminal-input_002foutput" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Terminal input/output</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Command-line-1"></a> -<h1 class="chapter">27 Command line</h1> +<h2 class="chapter">27 Command line</h2> <a name="index-command-line"></a> <p>The input file specification indicates the file to be formatted; @@ -9762,12 +9851,12 @@ command; e.g. Next: <a href="#Concept-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Concept Index</a>, Previous: <a href="#Command-line" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Command line</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Document-templates-1"></a> -<h1 class="appendix">Appendix A Document templates</h1> +<h2 class="appendix">Appendix A Document templates</h2> <a name="index-document-templates"></a> <p>Although not reference material, perhaps these document templates will -be useful. Additional templates are collected at -<a href="http://www.howtotex.com/templates">http://www.howtotex.com/templates</a>. +be useful. Additional template resources are listed +<a href="http://tug.org/interest.html#latextemplates">http://tug.org/interest.html#latextemplates</a>. </p> <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#book-template" accesskey="1">book template</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> @@ -9786,7 +9875,7 @@ be useful. Additional templates are collected at Next: <a href="#beamer-template" accesskey="n" rel="next">beamer template</a>, Up: <a href="#Document-templates" accesskey="u" rel="up">Document templates</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="book-template-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">A.1 <code>book</code> template</h2> +<h3 class="section">A.1 <code>book</code> template</h3> <pre class="verbatim">\documentclass{book} \title{Book Class Template} @@ -9813,7 +9902,7 @@ The end. Next: <a href="#tugboat-template" accesskey="n" rel="next">tugboat template</a>, Previous: <a href="#book-template" accesskey="p" rel="previous">book template</a>, Up: <a href="#Document-templates" accesskey="u" rel="up">Document templates</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="beamer-template-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">A.2 <code>beamer</code> template</h2> +<h3 class="section">A.2 <code>beamer</code> template</h3> <p>The <code>beamer</code> class creates slides presentations. </p> @@ -9848,7 +9937,7 @@ Next: <a href="#tugboat-template" accesskey="n" rel="next">tugboat template</a>, Previous: <a href="#beamer-template" accesskey="p" rel="previous">beamer template</a>, Up: <a href="#Document-templates" accesskey="u" rel="up">Document templates</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="tugboat-template-1"></a> -<h2 class="section">A.3 <code>tugboat</code> template</h2> +<h3 class="section">A.3 <code>tugboat</code> template</h3> <p><cite>TUGboat</cite> is the journal of the TeX Users Group, <a href="http://tug.org/TUGboat">http://tug.org/TUGboat</a>. @@ -9857,13 +9946,13 @@ Previous: <a href="#beamer-template" accesskey="p" rel="previous">beamer templat \usepackage{graphicx} \usepackage{ifpdf} \ifpdf - \usepackage[breaklinks,colorlinks,linkcolor=black,citecolor=black, - urlcolor=black]{hyperref} +\usepackage[breaklinks,colorlinks,linkcolor=black,citecolor=black, + urlcolor=black]{hyperref} \else - \usepackage{url} +\usepackage{url} \fi -\title{Example \TUB\ Article} +\title{Example \TUB\ article} % repeat info for each author. \author{First Last} @@ -9871,12 +9960,12 @@ Previous: <a href="#beamer-template" accesskey="p" rel="previous">beamer templat \netaddress{user (at) example dot org} \personalURL{http://example.org/~user/} -\maketitle - \begin{document} +\maketitle + \begin{abstract} -This is an example article for a regular \TUB{} issue. +This is an example article for \TUB{}. \end{abstract} \section{Introduction} @@ -9888,22 +9977,23 @@ We recommend the graphicx package for image inclusions, and the hyperref package for active url's (in the \acro{PDF} output). Nowadays \TUB\ is produced using \acro{PDF} files exclusively. -The \texttt{ltug*} classes provide these abbreviations, among many others: +The \texttt{ltugboat} class provides these abbreviations and many more: -{\small -\begin{verbatim} +% verbatim blocks are often better in \small +\begin{verbatim}[\small] \AllTeX \AMS \AmS \AmSLaTeX \AmSTeX \aw \AW \BibTeX \CTAN \DTD \HTML -\ISBN \ISSN \JTeX \LaTeXe -\Mc \mf \MFB \mtex \PCTeX \pcTeX \Pas +\ISBN \ISSN \LaTeXe +\Mc \mf \MFB \mtex \PCTeX \pcTeX \PiC \PiCTeX \plain \POBox \PS -\SC \SGML \SliTeX \TANGLE \TB \TP \TUB \TUG \tug +\SC \SGML \SliTeX \TANGLE \TB \TP +\TUB \TUG \tug \UG \UNIX \VAX \XeT \WEB \WEAVE \Dash \dash \vellipsis \bull \cents \Dag \careof \thinskip -\acro{FRED} -> {\small fred} % please use! +\acro{FRED} -> {\small[er] fred} % please use! \cs{fred} -> \fred \env{fred} -> \begin{fred} \meta{fred} -> <fred> @@ -9911,14 +10001,13 @@ The \texttt{ltug*} classes provide these abbreviations, among many others: \sfrac{3/4} -> 3/4 \booktitle{Book of Fred} \end{verbatim} -} For more information, see the ltubguid document at: \url{http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/tugboat} +(we recommend using \verb|mirror.ctan.org| for \CTAN\ references). Email \verb|tugboat@tug.org| if problems or questions. - \bibliographystyle{plain} % we recommend the plain bibliography style \nocite{book-minimal} % just making the bibliography non-empty \bibliography{xampl} % xampl.bib comes with BibTeX @@ -9934,7 +10023,7 @@ Email \verb|tugboat@tug.org| if problems or questions. Next: <a href="#Command-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command Index</a>, Previous: <a href="#Document-templates" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Document templates</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Concept-Index-1"></a> -<h1 class="unnumbered">Concept Index</h1> +<h2 class="unnumbered">Concept Index</h2> <table><tr><th valign="top">Jump to: </th><td><a class="summary-letter" href="#Concept-Index_cp_symbol-1"><b>*</b></a> @@ -10004,7 +10093,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Command-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command Index</a>, Previ <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_002eidx-file">‘<tt>.idx</tt>’ file</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Indexes">Indexes</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_002eind-file">‘<tt>.ind</tt>’ file</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Indexes">Indexes</a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr> -<tr><th><a name="Concept-Index_cp_symbol-3">‘</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr> +<tr><th><a name="Concept-Index_cp_symbol-3">`</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_0060see_0027-and-_0060see-also_0027-index-entries">‘see’ and ‘see also’ index entries</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Indexes">Indexes</a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr> <tr><th><a name="Concept-Index_cp_letter-A">A</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr> @@ -10015,8 +10104,10 @@ Next: <a href="#Command-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command Index</a>, Previ <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-acute-accent">acute accent</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Accents">Accents</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-acute-accent_002c-math">acute accent, math</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-accents">Math accents</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ae-ligature">ae ligature</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Non_002dEnglish-characters">Non-English characters</a></td></tr> -<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-aligning-Equations">aligning Equations</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#eqnarray">eqnarray</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-align-environment_002c-from-amsmath">align <span class="roman">environment, from <code>amsmath</code></span></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#eqnarray">eqnarray</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-aligning-equations">aligning equations</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#eqnarray">eqnarray</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-alignment-via-tabbing">alignment via tabbing</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#tabbing">tabbing</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-amsmath-package_002c-replacing-eqnarray">amsmath <span class="roman">package, replacing <code>eqnarray</code></span></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#eqnarray">eqnarray</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-appendix_002c-creating">appendix, creating</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Sectioning">Sectioning</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-aring">aring</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Non_002dEnglish-characters">Non-English characters</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-arrays_002c-math">arrays, math</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#array">array</a></td></tr> @@ -10171,6 +10262,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Command-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command Index</a>, Previ <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-figures_002c-inserting">figures, inserting</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#figure">figure</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-fixed_002dwidth-font">fixed-width font</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-float-package"><code>float</code> package</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#figure">figure</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-float-package-1"><code>float</code> package</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#figure">figure</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-flushing-floats-and-starting-a-page">flushing floats and starting a page</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cclearpage">\clearpage</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-font-commands_002c-low_002dlevel">font commands, low-level</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Low_002dlevel-font-commands">Low-level font commands</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-font-sizes">font sizes</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-sizes">Font sizes</a></td></tr> @@ -10200,12 +10292,13 @@ Next: <a href="#Command-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command Index</a>, Previ <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-greek-letters">greek letters</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr> <tr><th><a name="Concept-Index_cp_letter-H">H</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr> -<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-hacek-accent_002c-math">hác<ek accent, math</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-accents">Math accents</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-hacek-accent_002c-math">háček accent, math</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-accents">Math accents</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-hacek-accent">hacek accent</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Accents">Accents</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-hat-accent">hat accent</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Accents">Accents</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-hat-accent_002c-math">hat accent, math</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-accents">Math accents</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-header-style">header style</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cpagestyle">\pagestyle</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-header_002c-parameters-for">header, parameters for</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Page-layout-parameters">Page layout parameters</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-here_002c-putting-floats">here, putting floats</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#figure">figure</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-hungarian-umlaut-accent">hungarian umlaut accent</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Accents">Accents</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-hyphenation_002c-defining">hyphenation, defining</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005chyphenation">\hyphenation</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-hyphenation_002c-forcing">hyphenation, forcing</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005c_002d-_0028hyphenation_0029">\- (hyphenation)</a></td></tr> @@ -10265,8 +10358,8 @@ Next: <a href="#Command-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command Index</a>, Previ <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-line-breaks_002c-forcing">line breaks, forcing</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005clinebreak-_0026-_005cnolinebreak">\linebreak & \nolinebreak</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-line-breaks_002c-preventing">line breaks, preventing</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005clinebreak-_0026-_005cnolinebreak">\linebreak & \nolinebreak</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lines-in-tables">lines in tables</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#tabular">tabular</a></td></tr> -<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lining-text-up-in-columns-using-tab-stops">lining text up in columns using tab stops</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#tabbing">tabbing</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lining-text-up-in-tables">lining text up in tables</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#tabular">tabular</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lining-text-up-using-tab-stops">lining text up using tab stops</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#tabbing">tabbing</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-list-items_002c-specifying-counter">list items, specifying counter</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cusecounter">\usecounter</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lists-of-items">lists of items</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#itemize">itemize</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lists-of-items_002c-generic">lists of items, generic</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#list">list</a></td></tr> @@ -10283,6 +10376,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Command-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command Index</a>, Previ <tr><th><a name="Concept-Index_cp_letter-M">M</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-macron-accent">macron accent</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Accents">Accents</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-macron-accent_002c-math">macron accent, math</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-accents">Math accents</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-Madsen_002c-Lars">Madsen, Lars</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#eqnarray">eqnarray</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-makeidx-package"><code>makeidx</code> package</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Indexes">Indexes</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-makeindex-program"><code>makeindex</code> program</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Indexes">Indexes</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-making-a-title-page">making a title page</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#titlepage">titlepage</a></td></tr> @@ -10352,6 +10446,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Command-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command Index</a>, Previ <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-period_002c-centered_002c-in-text">period, centered, in text</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Text-symbols">Text symbols</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-pictures_002c-creating">pictures, creating</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#picture">picture</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-pilcrow">pilcrow</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Text-symbols">Text symbols</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-placement-of-floats">placement of floats</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#figure">figure</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-poetry_002c-an-environment-for">poetry, an environment for</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#verse">verse</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-polish-l">polish l</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Non_002dEnglish-characters">Non-English characters</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-postscript_002c-in-letters">postscript, in letters</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cps">\ps</a></td></tr> @@ -10386,6 +10481,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Command-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command Index</a>, Previ <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-right_002djustifying-text">right-justifying text</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005craggedleft">\raggedleft</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-right_002djustifying-text_002c-environment-for">right-justifying text, environment for</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#flushright">flushright</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ring-accent">ring accent</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Accents">Accents</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ring-accent_002c-math">ring accent, math</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-accents">Math accents</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-robust-commands">robust commands</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cprotect">\protect</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-roman-font">roman font</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-running-header-and-footer">running header and footer</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Page-layout-parameters">Page layout parameters</a></td></tr> @@ -10416,6 +10512,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Command-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command Index</a>, Previ <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-spacing-within-math-mode">spacing within math mode</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Spacing-in-math-mode">Spacing in math mode</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-Spanish-ordinals_002c-feminine-and-masculine">Spanish ordinals, feminine and masculine</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Text-symbols">Text symbols</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-special-characters">special characters</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Non_002dEnglish-characters">Non-English characters</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-specifier_002c-float-placement">specifier, float placement</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#figure">figure</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-splitting-the-input-file">splitting the input file</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Splitting-the-input">Splitting the input</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-starting-_0026-ending">starting & ending</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Starting-_0026-ending">Starting & ending</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-starting-a-new-page">starting a new page</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cnewpage">\newpage</a></td></tr> @@ -10554,7 +10651,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Command-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command Index</a>, Previ Previous: <a href="#Concept-Index" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Concept Index</a>, Up: <a href="#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> </div> <a name="Command-Index-1"></a> -<h1 class="unnumbered">Command Index</h1> +<h2 class="unnumbered">Command Index</h2> <table><tr><th valign="top">Jump to: </th><td><a class="summary-letter" href="#Command-Index_fn_symbol-1"><b>$</b></a> @@ -10732,6 +10829,7 @@ Previous: <a href="#Concept-Index" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Concept Index</a <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cboldmath"><code>\boldmath</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-formulas">Math formulas</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cbot"><code>\bot</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cbottomfraction"><code>\bottomfraction</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#figure">figure</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cbottomnumber"><code>\bottomnumber</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#figure">figure</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cbowtie"><code>\bowtie</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cBox"><code>\Box</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cbreve"><code>\breve</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-accents">Math accents</a></td></tr> @@ -10838,6 +10936,7 @@ Previous: <a href="#Concept-Index" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Concept Index</a <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cevensidemargin"><code>\evensidemargin</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Document-class-options">Document class options</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cexists"><code>\exists</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cexp"><code>\exp</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-functions">Math functions</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cextracolsep"><code>\extracolsep</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#tabular">tabular</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cfbox"><code>\fbox</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cfbox-and-_005cframebox">\fbox and \framebox</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cfboxrule"><code>\fboxrule</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cframebox-_0028picture_0029">\framebox (picture)</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cfboxrule-1"><code>\fboxrule</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cfbox-and-_005cframebox">\fbox and \framebox</a></td></tr> @@ -11018,6 +11117,7 @@ Previous: <a href="#Concept-Index" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Concept Index</a <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cmathbf"><code>\mathbf</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cmathcal"><code>\mathcal</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cmathnormal"><code>\mathnormal</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cmathring"><code>\mathring</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-accents">Math accents</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cmathrm"><code>\mathrm</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cmathsf"><code>\mathsf</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cmathtt"><code>\mathtt</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr> @@ -11312,9 +11412,11 @@ Previous: <a href="#Concept-Index" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Concept Index</a <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005ctop"><code>\top</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005ctopfraction"><code>\topfraction</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#figure">figure</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005ctopmargin"><code>\topmargin</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Page-layout-parameters">Page layout parameters</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005ctopnumber"><code>\topnumber</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#figure">figure</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005ctopsep"><code>\topsep</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#itemize">itemize</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005ctopskip"><code>\topskip</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Page-layout-parameters">Page layout parameters</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005ctotalheight"><code>\totalheight</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Predefined-lengths">Predefined lengths</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005ctotalnumber"><code>\totalnumber</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#figure">figure</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005ctriangle"><code>\triangle</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005ctriangleleft"><code>\triangleleft</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005ctriangleright"><code>\triangleright</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr> @@ -11571,9 +11673,8 @@ Previous: <a href="#Concept-Index" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Concept Index</a </td></tr></table> <hr> -<p> -</p> + </body> </html> |