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author | Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> | 2013-05-15 21:52:09 +0000 |
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committer | Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> | 2013-05-15 21:52:09 +0000 |
commit | a3f89152f66285a955a51e3dbeeae31e1f8a63e1 (patch) | |
tree | 088c89520e533101f7b2f065752e945e169e8244 /Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/latex2e-help-texinfo/latex2e.html | |
parent | b1c0322f63142a632f15e21009547e439784bfc9 (diff) |
latex2e-help-texinfo (15may13)
git-svn-id: svn://tug.org/texlive/trunk@30487 c570f23f-e606-0410-a88d-b1316a301751
Diffstat (limited to 'Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/latex2e-help-texinfo/latex2e.html')
-rw-r--r-- | Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/latex2e-help-texinfo/latex2e.html | 215 |
1 files changed, 131 insertions, 84 deletions
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/latex2e-help-texinfo/latex2e.html b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/latex2e-help-texinfo/latex2e.html index 399a533ae25..fa6f6fbbdd7 100644 --- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/latex2e-help-texinfo/latex2e.html +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/latex2e-help-texinfo/latex2e.html @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <!-- This document is an unofficial reference manual for LaTeX, a -document preparation system, version of May 2012. +document preparation system, version of May 2013. This manual was originally translated from LATEX.HLP v1.0a in the VMS Help Library. The pre-translation version was written by @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ and C. Biemesderfer (published by the TeX Users Group as TeXniques number 10), as reference material (no text was directly copied). -Copyright (C) 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 Karl Berry. +Copyright (C) 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 Karl Berry. Copyright (C) 1988, 1994, 2007 Stephen Gilmore. @@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ notice identical to this one. Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions. --> -<!-- Created by Texinfo 4.13.90+dev, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ --> +<!-- Created by Texinfo 5.1+dev, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ --> <head> -<title>LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2012)</title> +<title>LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2013)</title> -<meta name="description" content="LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2012)"> -<meta name="keywords" content="LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2012)"> +<meta name="description" content="LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2013)"> +<meta name="keywords" content="LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2013)"> <meta name="resource-type" content="document"> <meta name="distribution" content="global"> <meta name="Generator" content="texi2any"> @@ -53,20 +53,23 @@ a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none} blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller} div.display {margin-left: 3.2em} div.example {margin-left: 3.2em} +div.indentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em} div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em} div.smalldisplay {margin-left: 3.2em} div.smallexample {margin-left: 3.2em} +div.smallindentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em; font-size: smaller} div.smalllisp {margin-left: 3.2em} -pre.display {font-family: serif} -pre.format {font-family: serif} +kbd {font-style:oblique} +pre.display {font-family: inherit} +pre.format {font-family: inherit} pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif} pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif} -pre.smalldisplay {font-family: serif; font-size: smaller} +pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller} pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller} -pre.smallformat {font-family: serif; font-size: smaller} +pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller} pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller} -span.nocodebreak {white-space:pre} -span.nolinebreak {white-space:pre} +span.nocodebreak {white-space:nowrap} +span.nolinebreak {white-space:nowrap} span.roman {font-family:serif; font-weight:normal} span.sansserif {font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal} ul.no-bullet {list-style: none} @@ -77,7 +80,7 @@ ul.no-bullet {list-style: none} </head> <body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000"> -<h1 class="settitle" align="center">LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2012)</h1> +<h1 class="settitle" align="center">LaTeX2e reference manual (May 2013)</h1> @@ -404,7 +407,7 @@ Next: <a href="#About-this-document" accesskey="n" rel="next">About this documen <h1 class="top">LaTeX2e</h1> <p>This document is an unofficial reference manual for LaTeX, a -document preparation system, version as of May 2012. It is +document preparation system, version as of May 2013. It is intended to cover LaTeX2e, which has been the standard version of LaTeX for many years. </p> @@ -555,10 +558,10 @@ least three files as output: <dt><code>.dvi</code></dt> <dd><a name="index-_002edvi-file"></a> <a name="index-latex-command"></a> -<p>If invoked as <code>latex</code>, a “Device Independent” (‘<tt>.dvi</tt>’) +<p>If invoked as <code>latex</code>, a “Device Independent” (<samp>.dvi</samp>) file is produced. This contains commands that can be translated into commands for virtually any output device. You can view such -‘<tt>.dvi</tt>’ output of LaTeX by using a program such as +<samp>.dvi</samp> output of LaTeX by using a program such as <code>xdvi</code> (display directly), <code>dvips</code> (convert to PostScript), or <code>dvipdfmx</code> (convert to PDF). </p> @@ -568,19 +571,19 @@ PostScript), or <code>dvipdfmx</code> (convert to PDF). <a name="index-pdfTeX"></a> <a name="index-pdflatex-command"></a> <p>If invoked as <code>pdflatex</code>, a “Portable Document Format” -(‘<tt>.pdf</tt>’) file. Typically, this is a self-contained file, with +(<samp>.pdf</samp>) file. Typically, this is a self-contained file, with all fonts and images embedded. This can be very useful, but it does -make the output much larger than the ‘<tt>.dvi</tt>’ produced from the +make the output much larger than the <samp>.dvi</samp> produced from the same document. </p> <a name="index-lualatex-command"></a> <a name="index-LuaTeX"></a> -<p>If invoked as <code>lualatex</code>, a ‘<tt>.pdf</tt>’ file is created using +<p>If invoked as <code>lualatex</code>, a <samp>.pdf</samp> file is created using the LuaTeX engine (<a href="http://luatex.org">http://luatex.org</a>). </p> <a name="index-xelatex-command"></a> <a name="index-XeTeX"></a> -<p>If invoked as <code>xelatex</code>, a ‘<tt>.pdf</tt>’ file is created using +<p>If invoked as <code>xelatex</code>, a <samp>.pdf</samp> file is created using the XeTeX engine (<a href="http://tug.org/xetex">http://tug.org/xetex</a>). </p> </dd> @@ -592,13 +595,13 @@ can produce HTML, XML, and other things. </li><li> <a name="index-transcript-file"></a> <a name="index-log-file"></a> <a name="index-_002elog-file"></a> -The “transcript” or ‘<tt>.log</tt>’ file that contains summary +The “transcript” or <samp>.log</samp> file that contains summary information and diagnostic messages for any errors discovered in the input file. </li><li> <a name="index-auxiliary-file"></a> <a name="index-_002eaux-file"></a> -An “auxiliary” or ‘<tt>.aux</tt>’ file. This is used by LaTeX itself, +An “auxiliary” or <samp>.aux</samp> file. This is used by LaTeX itself, for things such as cross-references. </li></ol> @@ -916,49 +919,59 @@ instance, <code>\begin{ttfamily}...\end{ttfamily}</code>. <dd><a name="index-_005ctextbf"></a> <a name="index-_005cbfseries"></a> <p>Boldface. -</p></dd> +</p> +</dd> <dt><code>\textup (\upshape)</code></dt> <dd><a name="index-_005ctextup"></a> <a name="index-_005cupshape"></a> <p>Upright (default). The opposite of slanted. -</p></dd> +</p> +</dd> <dt><code>\textsl (\slshape)</code></dt> <dd><a name="index-_005ctextsl"></a> <a name="index-_005cslshape"></a> <p>Slanted. -</p></dd> +</p> +</dd> <dt><code>\textsf (\sffamily)</code></dt> <dd><a name="index-_005ctextsf"></a> <a name="index-_005csffamily"></a> <p>Sans serif. -</p></dd> +</p> +</dd> <dt><code>\textsc (\scshape)</code></dt> <dd><a name="index-_005ctextsc"></a> <a name="index-_005cscshape"></a> <p>Small caps. -</p></dd> +</p> +</dd> <dt><code>\texttt (\ttfamily)</code></dt> <dd><a name="index-_005ctexttt"></a> <a name="index-_005cttfamily"></a> <p>Typewriter. -</p></dd> +</p> +</dd> <dt><code>\textnormal (\normalfont)</code></dt> <dd><a name="index-_005ctextnormal"></a> <a name="index-_005cnormalfont"></a> <p>Main document font. -</p></dd> +</p> +</dd> <dt><code>\mathrm</code></dt> <dd><a name="index-_005cmathrm"></a> <p>Roman, for use in math mode. -</p></dd> +</p> +</dd> <dt><code>\mathbf</code></dt> <dd><a name="index-_005cmathbf"></a> <p>Boldface, for use in math mode. -</p></dd> +</p> +</dd> <dt><code>\mathsf</code></dt> <dd><a name="index-_005cmathsf"></a> <p>Sans serif, for use in math mode. -</p></dd> +</p> +</dd> <dt><code>\mathtt</code></dt> <dd><a name="index-_005cmathtt"></a> <p>Typewriter, for use in math mode. @@ -972,19 +985,35 @@ instance, <code>\begin{ttfamily}...\end{ttfamily}</code>. <dt><code>\mathnormal</code></dt> <dd><a name="index-_005cmathnormal"></a> <p>For use in math mode, e.g. inside another type style declaration. -</p></dd> +</p> +</dd> <dt><code>\mathcal</code></dt> <dd><a name="index-_005cmathcal"></a> <p>‘Calligraphic’ letters, for use in math mode. -</p></dd> +</p> +</dd> </dl> -<p>In addition, the command -<code>\mathversion{bold}</code> <a name="index-_005cmathversion"></a> -can be used for switching to bold letters and symbols in +<p>In addition, the command <code>\mathversion{bold}</code> can be used for +switching to bold letters and symbols in formulas. <code>\mathversion{normal}</code> restores the default. </p> +<a name="index-_005coldstylenums"></a> +<a name="index-numerals_002c-old_002dstyle"></a> +<a name="index-old_002dstyle-numerals"></a> +<a name="index-lining-numerals"></a> +<a name="index-textcomp-package"></a> +<p>Finally, the command <code>\oldstylenums{<var>numerals</var>}</code> will +typeset so-called “old-style” numerals, which have differing heights +and depths (and sometimes widths) from the standard “lining” +numerals. LaTeX’s default fonts support this, and will respect +<code>\textbf</code> (but not other styles; there are no italic old-style +numerals in Computer Modern). Many other fonts have old-style +numerals also; sometimes the <code>textcomp</code> package must be loaded, +and sometimes package options are provided to make them the default. +FAQ entry: <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=osf">http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=osf</a>. +</p> <p>LaTeX also provides these commands, which unconditionally switch to the given style, that is, are <em>not</em> cumulative. They are used differently than the above commands, too: <code>{\<var>cmd</var> ...}</code> @@ -1077,8 +1106,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Low_002dlevel-font-commands" accesskey="n" rel="next">Low-level <p>The following standard type size commands are supported by LaTeX. The table shows the command name and the corresponding actual font size used (in points) with the ‘<samp>10pt</samp>’, ‘<samp>11pt</samp>’, and -‘<samp>12pt</samp>’ document size options, respectively (see <a href="#Document-class-options">Document class -options</a>). +‘<samp>12pt</samp>’ document size options, respectively (see <a href="#Document-class-options">Document class options</a>). </p> <a name="index-_005ctiny"></a> <a name="index-_005cscriptsize"></a> @@ -2092,8 +2120,7 @@ that item. <a name="index-_005clabelenumiv"></a> <p>The <code>enumerate</code> environment uses the commands <code>\labelenumi</code> through <code>\labelenumiv</code> to produce the default label. So, you can -use <code>\renewcommand</code> to change the labels (see <a href="#g_t_005cnewcommand-_0026-_005crenewcommand">\newcommand & -\renewcommand</a>). For instance, to have the first level use uppercase +use <code>\renewcommand</code> to change the labels (see <a href="#g_t_005cnewcommand-_0026-_005crenewcommand">\newcommand & \renewcommand</a>). For instance, to have the first level use uppercase letters: </p> <a name="index-_005cAlph-example"></a> @@ -2787,9 +2814,11 @@ point and a minus sign—a number like <code>5</code>, <code>0.3</code> or <code>-3.1416</code>. A coordinate specifies a length in multiples of the unit length <code>\unitlength</code>, so if <code>\unitlength</code> has been set to <code>1cm</code>, then the coordinate 2.54 specifies a length of 2.54 -centimeters. You should only change the value of <code>\unitlength</code>, -using the <code>\setlength</code> command, outside of a <code>picture</code> -environment. +centimeters. +</p> +<p>You should only change the value of <code>\unitlength</code>, using the +<code>\setlength</code> command, outside of a <code>picture</code> environment. +The default value is <code>1pt</code>. </p> <p>A position is a pair of coordinates, such as <code>(2.4,-5)</code>, specifying the point with x-coordinate <code>2.4</code> and y-coordinate <code>-5</code>. @@ -3812,8 +3841,8 @@ automatically generated using the <code>enumi</code> counter. The <var>cite_key</var> is any sequence of letters, numbers, and punctuation symbols not containing a comma. </p> -<p>This command writes an entry to the ‘<tt>.aux</tt>’ file containing the -item’s <var>cite_key</var> and label. When the ‘<tt>.aux</tt>’ file is read by +<p>This command writes an entry to the <samp>.aux</samp> file containing the +item’s <var>cite_key</var> and label. When the <samp>.aux</samp> file is read by the <code>\begin{document}</code> command, the item’s <code>label</code> is associated with <code>cite_key</code>, causing references to <var>cite_key</var> with a <code>\cite</code> command (see next section) to produce the @@ -3840,7 +3869,7 @@ Next: <a href="#g_t_005cnocite" accesskey="n" rel="next">\nocite</a>, Previous: <p>The <var>keys</var> argument is a list of one or more citation keys, separated by commas. This command generates an in-text citation to the references associated with <var>keys</var> by entries in the -‘<tt>.aux</tt>’ file. +<samp>.aux</samp> file. </p> <p>The text of the optional <var>subcite</var> argument appears after the citation. For example, <code>\cite[p.~314]{knuth}</code> might produce @@ -3860,7 +3889,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Using-BibTeX" accesskey="n" rel="next">Using BibTeX</a>, Previou <p><code>\nocite{key_list}</code> </p> <p>The <code>\nocite</code> command produces no text, but writes <code>key_list</code>, -which is a list of one or more citation keys, on the ‘<tt>.aux</tt>’ file. +which is a list of one or more citation keys, on the <samp>.aux</samp> file. </p> <hr> @@ -3892,7 +3921,7 @@ you include the lines <p>The <code>\bibliographystyle</code> command does not produce any output of its own. Rather, it defines the style in which the bibliography will be produced: <var>bibstyle</var> refers to a file -<var>bibstyle</var>‘<tt>.bst</tt>’, which defines how your citations will look. +<var>bibstyle</var><samp>.bst</samp>, which defines how your citations will look. The standard <var>style</var> names distributed with BibTeX are: </p> <dl compact="compact"> @@ -3917,7 +3946,7 @@ the demands of various publications. See </p> <p>The <code>\bibliography</code> command is what actually produces the bibliography. The argument to <code>\bibliography</code> refers to files -named ‘<tt><var>bibfile</var>.bib</tt>’, which should contain your database in +named <samp><var>bibfile</var>.bib</samp>, which should contain your database in BibTeX format. Only the entries referred to via <code>\cite</code> and <code>\nocite</code> will be listed in the bibliography. </p> @@ -4638,14 +4667,17 @@ Next: <a href="#g_t_005cnewcounter" accesskey="n" rel="next">\newcounter</a>, Up command, respectively. Synopses: </p> <div class="example"> -<pre class="example"> \newcommand{<var>cmd</var>}[<var>nargs</var>]{<var>defn</var>} -\renewcommand{<var>cmd</var>}[<var>nargs</var>]{<var>defn</var>} - \newcommand{<var>cmd</var>}[<var>nargs</var>][<var>default</var>]{<var>defn</var>} -\renewcommand{<var>cmd</var>}[<var>nargs</var>][<var>default</var>]{<var>defn</var>} +<pre class="example"> \newcommand[*]{<var>cmd</var>}[<var>nargs</var>][<var>optarg</var>]{<var>defn</var>} +\renewcommand[*]{<var>cmd</var>}[<var>nargs</var>][<var>optarg</var>]{<var>defn</var>} </pre></div> - <dl compact="compact"> +<dt><var><code>*</code></var></dt> +<dd><a name="index-_002a_002dform-of-defining-new-commands"></a> +<p>The *-form of these commands requires that the arguments not contain +multiple paragraphs of text (not <code>\long</code>, in plain TeX terms). +</p> +</dd> <dt><var>cmd</var></dt> <dd><p>The command name beginning with <code>\</code>. For <code>\newcommand</code>, it must not be already defined and must not begin with <code>\end</code>; for @@ -4658,11 +4690,12 @@ that the command will take. The default is for the command to have no arguments. </p> </dd> -<dt><var>default</var></dt> +<dt><var>optarg</var></dt> <dd><p>If this optional parameter is present, it means that the command’s -first argument is optional. When the new command is called, the -default value of the optional argument (i.e., if it is not specified -in the call) is the string ‘<samp>def</samp>’. +first argument is optional. The default value of the optional +argument (i.e., if it is not specified in the call) is <var>optarg</var>, +or, if that argument is present in the <code>\newcommand</code> but has an +empty value, the string ‘<samp>def</samp>’. </p> </dd> <dt><var>defn</var></dt> @@ -4763,15 +4796,20 @@ Next: <a href="#g_t_005cnewtheorem" accesskey="n" rel="next">\newtheorem</a>, Pr <p>Synopses: </p> <div class="example"> -<pre class="example"> \newenvironment{<var>env</var>}[<var>nargs</var>]{<var>begdef</var>}{<var>enddef</var>} - \newenvironment{<var>env</var>}[<var>nargs</var>][<var>default</var>]{<var>begdef</var>}{<var>enddef</var>} -\renewenvironment{<var>env</var>}[<var>nargs</var>]{<var>begdef</var>}{<var>enddef</var>} +<pre class="example"> \newenvironment[*]{<var>env</var>}[<var>nargs</var>][<var>default</var>]{<var>begdef</var>}{<var>enddef</var>} +\renewenvironment[*]{<var>env</var>}[<var>nargs</var>]{<var>begdef</var>}{<var>enddef</var>} </pre></div> <p>These commands define or redefine an environment <var>env</var>, that is, <code>\begin{<var>env</var>} … \end{<var>env</var>}</code>. </p> <dl compact="compact"> +<dt><var><code>*</code></var></dt> +<dd><a name="index-_002a_002dform-of-environment-commands"></a> +<p>The *-form of these commands requires that the arguments (not the +contents of the environment) not contain multiple paragraphs of text. +</p> +</dd> <dt><var>env</var></dt> <dd><p>The name of the environment. For <code>\newenvironment</code>, <var>env</var> must not be an existing environment, and the command <code>\<var>env</var></code> @@ -4870,10 +4908,10 @@ Next: <a href="#g_t_005cprotect" accesskey="n" rel="next">\protect</a>, Previous <p>Defines a control sequence <code>\<var>cmd</var></code>, which must not already be defined, to make <var>fontname</var> be the current font. The file -looked for on the system is named ‘<tt><var>fontname</var>.tfm</tt>’. +looked for on the system is named <samp><var>fontname</var>.tfm</samp>. </p> <p>This is a low-level command for setting up to use an individual font. -More commonly, fonts are defined in families through ‘<tt>.fd</tt>’ files. +More commonly, fonts are defined in families through <samp>.fd</samp> files. </p> <hr> @@ -7684,7 +7722,7 @@ useful after punctuation which shouldn’t end a sentence. For example It is also often used after control sequences, as in <code>\TeX\ is a nice system.</code> </p> -<p>In normal circumstances, <code>\</code><tab> and <code>\</code><newline> +<p>In normal circumstances, <code>\</code><tt class="key">tab</tt> and <code>\</code><tt class="key">newline</tt> are equivalent to <code>\ </code>. </p> @@ -7711,7 +7749,7 @@ a capital letter. Here are side-by-side examples with and without <p>produces </p> <blockquote> -<p>… in C. Pascal, though … +<p>… in C. Pascal, though …<br> … in C. Pascal, though … </p></blockquote> @@ -8282,7 +8320,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Accents" accesskey="n" rel="next">Accents</a>, Previous: <a href <h3 class="section">22.2 Text symbols</h3> <a name="index-text-symbols"></a> -<a name="index-textcomp-package"></a> +<a name="index-textcomp-package-1"></a> <p>LaTeX provides commands to generate a number of non-letter symbols in running text. Some of these, especially the more obscure ones, are not available in OT1; you may need to load the <code>textcomp</code> package. @@ -9224,7 +9262,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Glossaries" accesskey="n" rel="next">Glossaries</a>, Up: <a href <p>A table of contents is produced with the <code>\tableofcontents</code> command. You put the command right where you want the table of contents to go; LaTeX does the rest for you. A previous run must -have generated a ‘<tt>.toc</tt>’ file. +have generated a <samp>.toc</samp> file. </p> <p>The <code>\tableofcontents</code> command produces a heading, but it does not automatically start a new page. If you want a new page after the @@ -9294,7 +9332,7 @@ following, matching the value of the <var>ext</var> argument: </dl> <a name="index-_005ccontentsline"></a> -<p>What is written to the ‘<tt>.<var>ext</var></tt>’ file is the +<p>What is written to the <samp>.<var>ext</var></samp> file is the command <code>\contentsline{<var>unit</var>}{<var>name</var>}</code>. </p> @@ -9310,14 +9348,14 @@ Previous: <a href="#g_t_005caddcontentsline" accesskey="p" rel="previous">\addco <a name="index-_005caddtocontents_007bext_007d_007btext_007d"></a> <p>The <code>\addtocontents</code>{<var>ext</var>}{<var>text</var>} command adds text -(or formatting commands) directly to the ‘<tt>.<var>ext</var></tt>’ file that +(or formatting commands) directly to the <samp>.<var>ext</var></samp> file that generates the table of contents or lists of figures or tables. </p> <dl compact="compact"> <dt><var>ext</var></dt> <dd><p>The extension of the file on which information is to be written: -‘<tt>toc</tt>’ (table of contents), ‘<tt>lof</tt>’ (list of figures), or -‘<tt>lot</tt>’ (list of tables). +<samp>toc</samp> (table of contents), <samp>lof</samp> (list of figures), or +<samp>lot</samp> (list of tables). </p> </dd> <dt><var>text</var></dt> @@ -9342,7 +9380,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Indexes" accesskey="n" rel="next">Indexes</a>, Previous: <a href <a name="index-_005cglossary"></a> <a name="index-_002eglo-file"></a> <p>The command <code>\glossary{<var>text</var>}</code> writes a glossary entry for -<var>text</var> to an auxiliary file with the ‘<tt>.glo</tt>’ extension. +<var>text</var> to an auxiliary file with the <samp>.glo</samp> extension. </p> <a name="index-_005cglossaryentry"></a> <p>Specifically, what gets written is the command @@ -9370,7 +9408,7 @@ the preamble. <a name="index-_005cindex"></a> <a name="index-_002eidx-file"></a> <p>The command <code>\index{<var>text</var>}</code> writes an index entry for -<var>text</var> to an auxiliary file with the ‘<tt>.idx</tt>’ extension. +<var>text</var> to an auxiliary file with the <samp>.idx</samp> extension. </p> <a name="index-_005cindexentry"></a> <p>Specifically, what gets written is the command @@ -9391,11 +9429,11 @@ languages. <a name="index-makeindex-program"></a> <a name="index-xindy-program"></a> <a name="index-_002eind-file"></a> -<p>The generated ‘<tt>.idx</tt>’ file is then sorted with an external +<p>The generated <samp>.idx</samp> file is then sorted with an external command, usually either <code>makeindex</code> (<a href="http://mirror.ctan.org/indexing/makeindex">http://mirror.ctan.org/indexing/makeindex</a>) or (the multi-lingual) <code>xindy</code> (<a href="http://xindy.sourceforge.net">http://xindy.sourceforge.net</a>). -This results in a ‘<tt>.ind</tt>’ file, which can then be read to typeset +This results in a <samp>.ind</samp> file, which can then be read to typeset the index. </p> <a name="index-printindex"></a> @@ -9435,7 +9473,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Terminal-input_002foutput" accesskey="n" rel="next">Terminal inp <code>letter</code> document class is designed to make a number of letters at once, although you can make just one if you so desire. </p> -<p>Your ‘<tt>.tex</tt>’ source file has the same minimum commands as the other +<p>Your <samp>.tex</samp> source file has the same minimum commands as the other document classes, i.e., you must have the following commands as a minimum: </p> @@ -9824,7 +9862,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Document-templates" accesskey="n" rel="next">Document templates< <a name="index-command-line"></a> <p>The input file specification indicates the file to be formatted; -TeX uses ‘<tt>.tex</tt>’ as a default file extension. If you omit the +TeX uses <samp>.tex</samp> as a default file extension. If you omit the input file entirely, TeX accepts input from the terminal. You specify command options by supplying a string as a parameter to the command; e.g. @@ -9833,7 +9871,7 @@ command; e.g. <pre class="example">latex '\nonstopmode\input foo.tex' </pre></div> -<p>will process ‘<tt>foo.tex</tt>’ without pausing after every error. +<p>will process <samp>foo.tex</samp> without pausing after every error. </p> <a name="index-_002a-prompt"></a> <a name="index-prompt_002c-_002a"></a> @@ -9927,8 +9965,10 @@ Next: <a href="#tugboat-template" accesskey="n" rel="next">tugboat template</a>, \end{frame} \end{document} - </pre> +<p>One web resource for this: +<a href="http://robjhyndman.com/hyndsight/beamer/">http://robjhyndman.com/hyndsight/beamer/</a>. +</p> <hr> <a name="tugboat-template"></a> @@ -10086,12 +10126,14 @@ Next: <a href="#Command-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command Index</a>, Previ <tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr> <tr><th><a name="Concept-Index_cp_symbol-1">*</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_002a-prompt">‘<samp>*</samp>’ prompt</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Command-line">Command line</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_002a_002dform-of-defining-new-commands">*-form of defining new commands</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cnewcommand-_0026-_005crenewcommand">\newcommand & \renewcommand</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_002a_002dform-of-environment-commands">*-form of environment commands</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cnewenvironment-_0026-_005crenewenvironment">\newenvironment & \renewenvironment</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_002a_002dform-of-sectioning-commands">*-form of sectioning commands</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Sectioning">Sectioning</a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr> <tr><th><a name="Concept-Index_cp_symbol-2">.</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr> -<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_002eglo-file">‘<tt>.glo</tt>’ file</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Glossaries">Glossaries</a></td></tr> -<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_002eidx-file">‘<tt>.idx</tt>’ file</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Indexes">Indexes</a></td></tr> -<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_002eind-file">‘<tt>.ind</tt>’ file</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Indexes">Indexes</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_002eglo-file"><samp>.glo</samp> file</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Glossaries">Glossaries</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_002eidx-file"><samp>.idx</samp> file</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Indexes">Indexes</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_002eind-file"><samp>.ind</samp> file</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Indexes">Indexes</a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr> <tr><th><a name="Concept-Index_cp_symbol-3">`</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_0060see_0027-and-_0060see-also_0027-index-entries">‘see’ and ‘see also’ index entries</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Indexes">Indexes</a></td></tr> @@ -10358,6 +10400,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Command-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command Index</a>, Previ <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-line-breaks_002c-forcing">line breaks, forcing</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005clinebreak-_0026-_005cnolinebreak">\linebreak & \nolinebreak</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-line-breaks_002c-preventing">line breaks, preventing</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005clinebreak-_0026-_005cnolinebreak">\linebreak & \nolinebreak</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lines-in-tables">lines in tables</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#tabular">tabular</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lining-numerals">lining numerals</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lining-text-up-in-tables">lining text up in tables</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#tabular">tabular</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-lining-text-up-using-tab-stops">lining text up using tab stops</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#tabbing">tabbing</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-list-items_002c-specifying-counter">list items, specifying counter</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cusecounter">\usecounter</a></td></tr> @@ -10410,11 +10453,13 @@ Next: <a href="#Command-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command Index</a>, Previ <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-notes-in-the-margin">notes in the margin</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Marginal-notes">Marginal notes</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-null-delimiter">null delimiter</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-miscellany">Math miscellany</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-numbered-items_002c-specifying-counter">numbered items, specifying counter</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cusecounter">\usecounter</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-numerals_002c-old_002dstyle">numerals, old-style</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr> <tr><th><a name="Concept-Index_cp_letter-O">O</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-oblique-font">oblique font</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-oe-ligature">oe ligature</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Non_002dEnglish-characters">Non-English characters</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-ogonek">ogonek</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Accents">Accents</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-old_002dstyle-numerals">old-style numerals</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-one_002dcolumn-output">one-column output</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005conecolumn">\onecolumn</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-opening-quote">opening quote</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Text-symbols">Text symbols</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-options_002c-document-class">options, document class</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Document-class-options">Document class options</a></td></tr> @@ -10536,6 +10581,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Command-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Command Index</a>, Previ <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-terminal-input_002foutput">terminal input/output</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Terminal-input_002foutput">Terminal input/output</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-TeX-logo">TeX logo</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Text-symbols">Text symbols</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-text-symbols">text symbols</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Text-symbols">Text symbols</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-textcomp-package"><code>textcomp</code> package</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-thanks_002c-for-titlepage">thanks, for titlepage</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cmaketitle">\maketitle</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-theorems_002c-defining">theorems, defining</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#g_t_005cnewtheorem">\newtheorem</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-theorems_002c-typesetting">theorems, typesetting</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#theorem">theorem</a></td></tr> @@ -11178,6 +11224,7 @@ Previous: <a href="#Concept-Index" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Concept Index</a <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005coe-_0028oe_0029"><code>\oe (œ)</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Non_002dEnglish-characters">Non-English characters</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cOE-_0028OE_0029"><code>\OE (Œ)</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Non_002dEnglish-characters">Non-English characters</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005coint"><code>\oint</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005coldstylenums"><code>\oldstylenums</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Font-styles">Font styles</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cOmega"><code>\Omega</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005comega"><code>\omega</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-_005cominus"><code>\ominus</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Math-symbols">Math symbols</a></td></tr> @@ -11599,7 +11646,7 @@ Previous: <a href="#Concept-Index" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Concept Index</a <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-tabbing-environment"><code>tabbing <span class="roman">environment</span></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#tabbing">tabbing</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-table"><code>table</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#table">table</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-tabular-environment"><code>tabular <span class="roman">environment</span></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#tabular">tabular</a></td></tr> -<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-textcomp-package"><code>textcomp <span class="roman">package</span></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Text-symbols">Text symbols</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-textcomp-package-1"><code>textcomp <span class="roman">package</span></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Text-symbols">Text symbols</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-thebibliography"><code>thebibliography</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#thebibliography">thebibliography</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-theorem-environment"><code>theorem <span class="roman">environment</span></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#theorem">theorem</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-titlepage-environment"><code>titlepage <span class="roman">environment</span></code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#titlepage">titlepage</a></td></tr> |