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authorKarl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>2011-05-04 23:39:21 +0000
committerKarl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>2011-05-04 23:39:21 +0000
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parent9a8f00b89c2c1cd283f5fd0fb54959ef0690646f (diff)
FAQ-en 3.22 (4may11)
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-<head>
-<title>UK TeX FAQ -- question label alreadydef</title>
-</head><body>
-<h3>Package reports &#8220;command already defined&#8221;</h3>
-<p/>You load a pair of packages, and the second reports that one of the
-commands it defines is already present. For example, both the
-<i>txfonts</i> and <i>amsmath</i> define a command <code>\</code><code>iint</code>
-(and <code>\</code><code>iiint</code> and so on); so
-<blockquote>
-<pre>
-...
-\usepackage{txfonts}
-\usepackage{amsmath}
-</pre>
-</blockquote><p>
-produces a string of error messages of the form:
-<blockquote>
-<pre>
-! LaTeX Error: Command \iint already defined.
- Or name \end... illegal, see p.192 of the manual.
-</pre>
-
-</blockquote><p>
-As a general rule, things that <i>amsmath</i> defines, it defines
-well; however, there is a good case for using the <i>txfonts</i>
-version of <code>\</code><code>iint</code> &#8212; the associated <i>tx</i> fonts have a
-double integral symbol that doesn&#8217;t need to be &#8220;faked&#8221; in the way
-<i>amsmath</i> does. In the case that you are loading several
-symbol packages, every one of which defines the same symbol, you are
-likely to experience the problem in a big way (<code>\</code><code>euro</code> is a common
-victim).
-<p/>There are similar cases where one package redefines another&#8217;s command,
-but no error occurs because the redefining package doesn&#8217;t use
-<code>\</code><code>newcommand</code>. Often, in such a case, you only notice the change
-because you assume the definition given by the first package. The
-<i>amsmath</i>&#8211;<i>txfonts</i> packages are just such a pair;
-<i>txfonts</i> doesn&#8217;t provoke errors.
-<p/>You may deal with the problem by saving and restoring the command.
-Macro programmers may care to do this for themselves; for the rest of
-us, there&#8217;s the package <i>savesym</i>. The sequence:
-<blockquote>
-<pre>
-\usepackage{savesym}
-\usepackage{amsmath}
-\savesymbol{iint}
-\usepackage{txfonts}
-\restoresymbol{TXF}{iint}
-</pre>
-</blockquote><p>
-does the job; restoring the <i>amsmath</i> version of the command,
-and making the <i>txfonts</i> version of the command available as
-<code>\</code><code>TXFiint</code>.
-<p/>Documentation of <i>savesym</i> doesn&#8217;t amount to much: the only
-commands are <code>\</code><code>savesymbol</code> and <code>\</code><code>restoresymbol</code>, as noted above.
-<dl>
-<dt><tt><i>amsmath.sty</i></tt><dd>Part of <a href="http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/required/amslatex.zip">macros/latex/required/amslatex</a> (or <a href="http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/required/amslatex/">browse the directory</a>); <a href="http://mirror.ctan.org/help/Catalogue/entries/amslatex.html">catalogue entry</a>
-<dt><tt><i>savesym.sty</i></tt><dd><a href="http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/savesym/savesym.sty">macros/latex/contrib/savesym/savesym.sty</a>; <a href="http://mirror.ctan.org//help/Catalogue/entries/savesym.html">catalogue entry</a>
-<dt><tt><i>txfonts.sty</i></tt><dd>Part of <a href="http://mirror.ctan.org/fonts/txfonts.zip">fonts/txfonts</a> (or <a href="http://mirror.ctan.org/fonts/txfonts/">browse the directory</a>); <a href="http://mirror.ctan.org/help/Catalogue/entries/txfonts.html">catalogue entry</a>
-</dl>
-<p/><p>This question on the Web: <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=alreadydef">http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=alreadydef</a>
-</body>