diff options
author | Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> | 2006-01-09 00:43:17 +0000 |
---|---|---|
committer | Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> | 2006-01-09 00:43:17 +0000 |
commit | f9ba1f4431124f48769a2666d5d9ec921345ca71 (patch) | |
tree | 84f6056d0a7a06c9fed9927a8be9210064de058c /Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth | |
parent | fd423d0bb64fe29a2be1fbae5baaf4bc386cc274 (diff) |
doc 2
git-svn-id: svn://tug.org/texlive/trunk@78 c570f23f-e606-0410-a88d-b1316a301751
Diffstat (limited to 'Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth')
-rw-r--r-- | Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/Changelog | 27 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/README | 43 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/cirth.pdf | bin | 0 -> 137101 bytes | |||
-rw-r--r-- | Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/cirth.tex | 223 |
4 files changed, 293 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/Changelog b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/Changelog new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..33ef934384e --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/Changelog @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +Version 2.0 (Nov 2004) mhabets@users.sourceforge.net: + +- Fixed a & A to close gap. +- Split up graphics for 55 and 56 to separate the reduced version. + The stroke-only version of 55 is ` (back-tick, ascii 96). + The stroke-only version of 56 is ' (tick, ascii 39). +- Assigned character values to all numerical runes: + Value Sequence + 33 x + 37 xo + 38b M + 45a uu + 45b UU + 52a oo + 52b OO + 53 Y + 55a er + 55b ` + 56a el + 56b ' +- Added new runes for: + . Single dot in the middle of the character. + : Two vertical dots. + , Three vertical dots. + ; Four vertical dots. +- Updated cirth.tex and added examples section. +- Added version number to runes.mf. diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/README b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/README new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a558fdbf979 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/README @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ + Tolkien Cirth font for TeX/LaTeX + + +Contents: + cirth.pdf PDF file showing use + cirth.tex Latex file showing use + num.tex La/TeX macros for using fonts + Changelog Summary of changes between versions + README This file + + cirth.mf Standard cirth font + cirbf.mf Boldface cirth font + cirsl.mf Slanted cirth font + cirss.mf Sans-serif cirth font + + macros.mf Macro file + runes.mf Letter definition file + ligs.mf Ligature table file + +Windows users: + Find out from your local guru what settings to use for +running Metafont and where to install the fonts. On my PC for my +HP laserjet printer I use + mf &plain \mode=hplaser; mag=1; input cirth + For the other fonts just substitute cirbf (say) for cirth. For +more information on its use see cirth.tex. + +Linux users: + As root, install these files in a new directory + $TEXMF/fonts/source/public/cirth + ($TEXMF is usually set to /usr/local/share/texmf or + /usr/share/texmf). + Next, execute 'mktexlsr'. Make sure the $TEXMF directory is + listed in the output. + + Test the font as a normal user by copying both .tex files to + a directory, and execute 'latex cirth'. + To test DVI configuration use xdvi or dvips. + +Version 2.0 is Copyright 2004 by + Martin Habets mhabets@users.sourceforge.net +Version 1.0 is Copyright 1992 by + Jo Grant jaymin@maths.tcd.ie diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/cirth.pdf b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/cirth.pdf Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 00000000000..400f110b0ff --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/cirth.pdf diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/cirth.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/cirth.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ab1bbff5e65 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/cirth/cirth.tex @@ -0,0 +1,223 @@ +\documentclass{article} +\font\cirth=cirbf +\input num +\def\nj{n$\!\!$\j} +\def\C#1{\c{#1}$_{_{#1}}$} +\def\bs{$\backslash$} +\baselineskip=18pt +\begin{document} +\begin{center} +\section*{THE CIRTH} +\end{center} + +\noindent +The {\sl Certhas Daeron} was originally devised to represent the sounds +of Sindarin only. The oldest {\sl cirth} were \C{1}, \C{2}, \C{5}, \C{6}; +\C{8}, \C{9}, \C{12}; \C{18}, \C{19}, \C{22}; \C{29}, \C{31}; \C{35}, +\C{36}; \C{39}, \C{42}, \C{46}, \C{50}; and a {\sl certh} varying +between \C{13} and \C{15}. The assignment of values was unsystematic. +\C{39}, \C{42}, \C{46} and \C{50} were vowels and remained so in all later +developments. \C{13} and \C{15} were used for {\sl h} or {\sl s}, according +as \C{35} was used for {\sl s} or {\sl h}. This tendency to hesitate +in the assignment of values for {\sl s} and {\sl h} continued in +later arangements. In those characters that consisted of a +`stem' and a `branch', \C{1}--\C{31}, the attachment of the branch was, +if on one side only, usually made on the right side. +The reverse was not infrequent, but had no phonetic significance. + +The extension and elaboration of this {\sl certhas} was called in its older +form the {\sl Angerthas Daeron}, since the additions to the old {\sl cirth} +and their re-organization was attributed to Daeron. The principal additions, +however, the introductions of two new series, \C{13}--\C{17}, and +\C{23}--\C{28}, were actually most probably inventions of the Noldor of +Eregion, since they were used for the representation of sounds not found +in Sindarin. + +In the rearrangement of the {\sl Angerthas} the following principles +are observable (evidently inspired by the F\"eanorian system): +(1) adding a stroke to a brance added a `voice'; +(2) reversing the {\sl certh} indicated opening to a `spirant'; +(3) placing the branch on both sides of the stem added voice and +nasality. +These principles were regularly carried out, except in one point. +For (archaic) Sindarin a sign for a spirant {\sl m} (or nasal {\sl v}) +was required, and since this could best be provided by a reversal of the sign +for {\sl m}, the reversible \C{6} was given the value {\sl m}, but \C{5} +was given the value {\sl hw}. + +\C{36}, the theoretic value of which was {\sl z} was used, in spelling +Sindarin or Quenya, for {\sl ss}: cf.\ F\"eanorian 31. \C{39} was used for +either {\sl i} or {\sl y} consonant); \C{34}, \C{35} were used indifferently +for {\sl s}; and \C{38} was used for the frequent sequence {\sl nd}, although +it was not clearly related in shape to the dentals. + +\bigskip + +In the Table of Values those on the left are, when seperated by --, the +values of the older {\sl Angerthas}. Those on the right are the +value of the Dwarvish {\sl Angerthas Moria}\footnote{Those in (\ ) are +values only found in Elvish use: $\star$ marks}. +The Dwarves of Moria, as can be seen, introduced a number of unsystematic +changes in value, as well as certain new {\sl cirth}: +\C{37}, \C{40}, \C{41}, \C{53}, \C{55}, \C{56}. The dislocation in +values was due to mainly two causes: +(1) the alteration in the values of \C{34}, \C{35}, \C{54} respectively to +{\sl h}, (the clear or glottal beginning of a work with an initial vowel +that appeared in Khuzdul), and {\sl s}; +(2) the abandonment of the \C{14}, \C{16} for which the Dwarves substitutde +\C{29}, \C{30}. The consequent use of 12 for {\sl r}, +the invention of \C{53} for {\sl n} (and its confusion with \C{22}); +the use of \C{17} as {\sl z}, to go with \C{54} in its value {\sl s}, and +the consequent use of \C{36} as \nj\ and the new {\sl certh} \C{37} for {\sl ng} +may also be observed. The new \C{55}, \C{56} were in origin a halved form +of \C{46}, and were used for vowels like those heard in English {\sl butter}, +which were frequent in Dwarvish and in the Westron. When weak or evanescent +they were often reduced to a mere stroke ({\cirth `} and {\cirth '}) without a stem. +This {\sl Angerthas Moria} is represented in the tomb-inscription. + +The Dwarves of Erebor used a further modification of +this system, known as the mode or Erebor, and exmplified in the Book or +Mazarbul. Its chief characteristics were: the use of \C{43} as {\sl z}; +of \C{17} as {\sl ks} ({\sl x}); and the invention of two new {\sl cirth}, +\C{57}, \C{58} for {\sl ps} and {\sl ts}. They also reintroduced \C{14}, +\C{16} for the values {\sl j}, {\sl zh}; but used \C{29}, \C{30} for +{\sl g}, {\sl gh}, or as mere variants of \C{19}, \C{21}. These peculiarities +are not included in the table, except for the special Ereborian {\sl cirth}, +\C{57}, \C{58}. + +\begin{center} +{\sc the angerthas}\\ +{\sc table of values}\\ +\begin{tabular}{|lc|lc|lc|lc|} +\hline +\small 1&\cirth p&\small 16&\cirth zh&\small 31&\cirth l&\small 46&\cirth e\\ +\small 2&\cirth b&\small 17&\cirth nj&\small 32&\cirth lh&\small 47&\cirth E\\ +\small 3&\cirth f&\small 18&\cirth k&\small 33&\cirth x&\small 48&\cirth a\\ +\small 4&\cirth v&\small 19&\cirth g&\small 34&\cirth s&\small 49&\cirth A\\ +\small 5&\cirth hw&\small 20&\cirth kh&\small 35&\cirth S&\small 50&\cirth o\\ +\small 6&\cirth m&\small 21&\cirth gh&\small 36&\cirth z&\small 51&\cirth O \char25\\ +\small 7&\cirth mb&\small 22&\cirth N&\small 37&\cirth xo&\small 52&\cirth \char26 \char27\\ +\small 8&\cirth t&\small 23&\cirth kw&\small 38&\cirth nd M&\small 53&\cirth Y\\ +\small 9&\cirth d&\small 24&\cirth gw&\small 39&\cirth i&\small 54&\cirth h\\ +\small 10&\cirth th&\small 25&\cirth \char12&\small 40&\cirth y&\small 55&\cirth \char28 `\\ +\small 11&\cirth dh&\small 26&\cirth \char13&\small 41&\cirth hy&\small 56&\cirth \char29 '\\ +\small 12&\cirth n&\small 27&\cirth ngw&\small 42&\cirth u&\small 57&\cirth ps\\ +\small 13&\cirth ch&\small 28&\cirth nw&\small 43&\cirth U&\small 58&\cirth ts\\ +\small 14&\cirth j&\small 29&\cirth r&\small 44&\cirth w& &\cirth c\\ +\small 15&\cirth sh&\small 30&\cirth rh&\small 45&\cirth \char23 \char24&\&&\cirth \&\\ +\hline +\end{tabular}\\ +\bigskip +{\sc phonetic values}\\ +\begin{tabular}{|lc|lc|lc|lc|} +\hline +\small 1&\rm p&\small 16&\rm zh&\small 31&\rm l&\small 46&\rm e\\ +\small 2&\rm b&\small 17&\rm nj--z&\small 32&\rm lh&\small 47&\rm \=e\\ +\small 3&\rm f&\small 18&\rm k&\small 33&\rm ng--nd&\small 48&\rm a\\ +\small 4&\rm v&\small 19&\rm g&\small 34&\rm s--h&\small 49&\rm \=a\\ +\small 5&\rm hw&\small 20&\rm kh&\small 35&\rm s--'&\small 50&\rm o\\ +\small 6&\rm m&\small 21&\rm gh&\small 36&\rm z--\nj&\small 51&\rm \=o\\ +\small 7&\rm (mh)mb&\small 22&\rm \nj--n&\small 37&\rm ng$^\star$&\small 52&\rm \"o\\ +\small 8&\rm t&\small 23&\rm kw&\small 38&\rm nd--nj&\small 53&\rm n$^\star$\\ +\small 9&\rm d&\small 24&\rm gw&\small 39&\rm i(y)&\small 54&\rm h--s\\ +\small 10&\rm th&\small 25&\rm khw&\small 40&\rm y$^\star$&\small 55&\rm `$\star$\\ +\small 11&\rm dh&\small 26&\rm ghw,w&\small 41&\rm hy$^\star$&\small 56&\rm '$\star$\\ +\small 12&\rm n--r&\small 27&\rm ngw&\small 42&\rm u&\small 57&\rm ps$^\star$\\ +\small 13&\rm ch&\small 28&\rm nw&\small 43&\rm \=u&\small 58&\rm ts$^\star$\\ +\small 14&\rm j&\small 29&\rm r--j&\small 44&\rm w& &\rm $+$h\\ +\small 15&\rm sh&\small 30&\rm rh--zh&\small 45&\rm \"u& &\rm \&\\ +\hline +\end{tabular} +\end{center} + +\noindent +\section*{USING THE CIRTH FROM \TeX} + +\noindent +The name of the font, as distributed, is {\tt cirth} and can be simply +accessed by {\tt \bs font\bs cirth=cirth}\footnote{In \LaTeX\ use {\tt +\bs newfont\{\bs cirth\}\{cirth scaled\bs magstep2\}} for a scalable +font.}. +The normal letters are mapped according to the older {\sl Angerthas} +where possible. The letter values and ligatures are indicated on the +table below. +Additionally the file {\tt num.tex} is provided that allows the +characters to be accesses by referenced to their numeric entry point +in Tolkien's Table of Values. +There are two interfaces for this. +Firstly the macro {\tt \bs c} takes a single paramer which should +be a number and coresponds to the table entry. (for example {\tt \bs c\{24\}} +produces \c{24}.) +Alternatively you can type the english for the number preceded by a +`c' (e.g. {\tt \bs ctwentyfour} produces \ctwentyfour). In the case +where there are two {\sl cirth} for a single entry {\tt \bs c} takes +the first and the english macros are suffixed by either an +`a' or a `b'. For example {\tt \bs c\{38\}} produces \c{38} and +you must use {\tt \bs cthirtyeighta} for {\cirth \cthirtyeighta} and +{\tt \bs cthirtyeightb} for {\cirth \cthirtyeightb}. + +\begin{center} +{\sc the angerthas to keycode mappings}\\ +\begin{tabular}{|cc|cc|cc|cc|} +\hline +\cirth p&\tt p&\cirth zh&\tt zh&\cirth l&\tt l&\cirth e&\tt e\\ +\cirth b&\tt b&\cirth nj&\tt nj&\cirth lh&\tt lh&\cirth E&\tt E\\ +\cirth f&\tt f&\cirth k&\tt k&\cirth x&\tt x&\cirth a&\tt a\\ +\cirth v&\tt v&\cirth g&\tt g&\cirth s&\tt s&\cirth A&\tt A\\ +\cirth hw&\tt hw&\cirth kh&\tt kh&\cirth S&\tt S&\cirth o&\tt o\\ +\cirth m&\tt m&\cirth gh&\tt gh&\cirth z&\tt z&\cirth O&\tt O\\ +\cirth mb&\tt mb&\cirth N&\tt N&\cirth xo&\tt xo&\cirth oo OO&\tt oo,OO\\ +\cirth t&\tt t&\cirth kw&\tt kw&\cirth nd M&\tt nd,M&\cirth Y&\tt Y\\ +\cirth d&\tt d&\cirth gw&\tt gw&\cirth i&\tt i&\cirth h&\tt h\\ +\cirth th&\tt th&\cirth khw&\tt khw&\cirth y&\tt y&\cirth er` &\tt er,`\\ +\cirth dh&\tt dh&\cirth ghw&\tt ghw&\cirth hy&\tt hy&\cirth el' &\tt el,'\\ +\cirth n&\tt n&\cirth ngw&\tt ngw&\cirth u&\tt u&\cirth ps&\tt ps\\ +\cirth ch&\tt ch&\cirth nw&\tt nw&\cirth U&\tt U&\cirth ts&\tt ts\\ +\cirth j&\tt j&\cirth r&\tt r&\cirth w&\tt w&\cirth c&\tt c\\ +\cirth sh&\tt sh&\cirth rh&\tt rh&\cirth uu UU&\tt uu,UU&\cirth \&&\tt \&\\ +\cirth .&\tt .&\cirth :&\tt :&\cirth ,&\tt ,&\cirth ;&\tt ;\\ +\hline +\end{tabular}\\ +\end{center} +The last line in the table contains the extra typesetting runes provided. + +The files {\tt cirbf.mf}, {\tt cirsl.mf}, and {\tt cirss.mf} have +also been provided that produce (respectively) boldface, slanted, +and sans-serif Cirth fonts. The boldface fonts stands out well +and can be used when inserting Cirth into normal text. For Cirth +on its own I reccomend the normal font at 12 point. The Sans-serif +font eliminates the serifs (as expected) and makes the pen round, +giving very clear characters. (With the normal slanted pen the +slanted strokes to the left are darker than to the right.) I can +think of no use for the slanted font (but it was easy to do!). +MetaFont hacks can easily combine the options and produce a +slanted bold font without serifs if they so chose. + +\section*{EXAMPLES} + +\noindent +\begin{tabular}{l|c} +\bf English text &\bf TeX code \& result \\ \hline +The Lord of the rings &\tt\verb+{\cirth dher lon-d ov dher nizS}+ \\ + & {\cirth dher lon-d ov dher nizS} \\ +translated from the red book &\tt\verb+{\cirth tnaNSlat`d fnom dher ned bOk}+ \\ + & {\cirth tnaNSlat`d fnom dher ned bOk} \\ \hline +There and back again &\tt\verb+{\cirth dhener ax bak agaiN}+ \\ + & {\cirth dhener ax bak agaiN} \\ +a hobbits tale &\tt\verb+{\cirth a hobbitS taler}+ \\ + & {\cirth a hobbitS taler} \\ \hline +Balin son of Fundin &\tt\verb+{\cirth baliN SelN ov fuxiN}+ \\ + & {\cirth baliN SelN ov fuxiN} \\ +Lord of Moria &\tt\verb+{\cirth lon-d ov monia}+ \\ + & {\cirth lon-d ov monia} \\ \hline +Glamdring (foe-hammer) &\tt\verb+{\cirth glamdriN}+ \\ + & {\cirth glamdriN} \\ +Orc-rist (goblin-cleaver) &\tt\verb+{\cirth orkriSt}+ \\ + & {\cirth orkriSt} \\ +\end{tabular} + +\bigskip\noindent +Please send all comments, criticisms or improvements to +me. e-mail: jaymin@maths.tcd.ie, or by mail to +Jo Jaquinta, 44 Bancroft Avenue, Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland. +\end{document} |