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authorDenis Bitouzé <dbitouze@wanadoo.fr>2021-02-25 18:23:07 +0000
committerDenis Bitouzé <dbitouze@wanadoo.fr>2021-02-25 18:23:07 +0000
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tree1bf7f5a881d7a4f5c5bf59d0b2821943dd822372 /Build/source/texk/web2c/man/tex.man
parent07ee7222e389b0777456b427a55c22d0e6ffd267 (diff)
French translation for tlmgr updated
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-.TH TEX 1 "6 August 2019" "Web2C @VERSION@"
-.\"=====================================================================
-.if n .ds MF Metafont
-.if t .ds MF Metafont
-.if t .ds TX \fRT\\h'-0.1667m'\\v'0.20v'E\\v'-0.20v'\\h'-0.125m'X\fP
-.if n .ds TX TeX
-.ie t .ds OX \fIT\v'+0.25m'E\v'-0.25m'X\fP
-.el .ds OX TeX
-.\" BX definition must follow TX so BX can use TX
-.if t .ds BX \fRB\s-2IB\s0\fP\*(TX
-.if n .ds BX BibTeX
-.\" LX definition must follow TX so LX can use TX
-.if t .ds LX \fRL\\h'-0.36m'\\v'-0.15v'\s-2A\s0\\h'-0.15m'\\v'0.15v'\fP\*(TX
-.if n .ds LX LaTeX
-.if n .ds WB Web
-.if t .ds WB W\s-2EB\s0
-.\" EX and EE are used for displays that are pure code
-.de EX
-.nf
-.ft CW
-..
-.de EE
-.ft R
-.fi
-..
-.\"=====================================================================
-.SH NAME
-tex, initex \- text formatting and typesetting
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.B tex
-.RI [ options ]
-.RI [ \fB&\fPformat ]
-.RI [ file | \fB\e\fPcommands ]
-.\"=====================================================================
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-Run the \*(TX typesetter on
-.IR file ,
-usually creating
-.IR file.dvi .
-If the file argument has no extension, ".tex" will be appended to it.
-Instead of a filename, a set of \*(TX commands can be given, the first
-of which must start with a backslash.
-With a
-.BI & format
-argument \*(TX uses a different set of precompiled commands,
-contained in
-.IR format\fB.fmt\fP ;
-it is usually better to use the
-.B -fmt
-.I format
-option instead.
-.PP
-\*(TX
-formats the interspersed text and commands contained in the named
-files
-and outputs a typesetter independent file (called
-.IR DVI ,
-which is short for
-.IR "DeVice Independent" ).
-\*(TX's capabilities and language are described in
-.IR "The \*(OXbook" .
-\*(TX
-is normally used with a large body of precompiled macros,
-and there are several specific formatting systems, such as
-\*(LX,
-which require the support of several macro files.
-.PP
-This version of \*(TX looks at its command line to see what name it
-was called under. If they exist, then both
-.B initex
-and
-.B virtex
-are symbolic links to the
-.B tex
-executable. When called as
-.BR initex
-(or when the
-.B -ini
-option is given) it can be used to precompile macros into a
-.I .fmt
-file. When called as
-.B virtex
-it will use the
-.I plain
-format. When called under any other name, \*(TX will use that name as
-the name of the format to use. For example, when called as
-.B tex
-the
-.I tex
-format is used, which is identical to the
-.I plain
-format. The commands defined by the
-.I plain
-format are documented in
-.IR "The \*(OXbook" .
-Other formats that are often available include
-.I latex
-and
-.IR amstex .
-.PP
-The non-option command line arguments to the
-\*(TX
-program are passed to it as the first input line. (But it is often
-easier to type extended arguments as the first input line, since UNIX
-shells tend to gobble up or misinterpret \*(TX's favorite symbols,
-like backslashes, unless you quote them.)
-As described in
-.IR "The \*(OXbook" ,
-that first line should begin with a filename, a
-.IR \econtrolsequence ,
-or a
-.IR &formatname .
-.PP
-The normal usage is to say
-.EX
-tex paper
-.EE
-to start processing
-.IR paper.tex .
-The name
-.I paper
-will be the ``jobname'', and is used in forming
-output filenames.
-If \*(TX doesn't get a filename in the first line, the jobname is
-.IR texput .
-When looking for a file, \*(TX looks for the name with and without the
-default extension
-.RI ( .tex )
-appended, unless the name already contains that extension. If
-.I paper
-is the ``jobname'',
-a log of error messages, with rather more detail than normally appears
-on the screen, will appear in
-.IR paper.log ,
-and the output file will be in
-.IR paper.dvi .
-.PP
-This version of \*(TX can look in the first line of the file
-.I paper.tex
-to see if it begins with the magic sequence
-.IR %& .
-If the first line begins with
-.BI %& format
-.BI -translate-file \ tcxname
-then \*(TX will use the named format and translation table
-.I tcxname
-to process the source file. Either the format name or the
-.B -translate-file
-specification may be omitted, but not both. This overrides the
-format selection based on the name by which the program is invoked.
-The
-.B -parse-first-line
-option or the
-.B parse_first_line
-configuration variable controls whether this behaviour is enabled.
-.PP
-The
-.I e
-response to \*(TX's error prompt causes the system default editor to
-start up at the current line of the current file. The environment
-variable TEXEDIT can be used to change the editor used. It may
-contain a string with "%s" indicating where the filename goes and "%d"
-indicating where the decimal line number (if any) goes. For example,
-a TEXEDIT string for
-.B emacs
-can be set with the
-.B sh
-command
-.EX
-\fITEXEDIT="emacs +%d %s"; export TEXEDIT\fP
-.EE
-.PP
-A convenient file in the library is
-.IR null.tex ,
-containing nothing.
-When \*(TX can't find a file it thinks you want to input, it keeps
-asking you for another filename; responding `null' gets you out
-of the loop if you don't want to input anything. You can also type your
-EOF character (usually control-D).
-.PP
-.\"=====================================================================
-.SH OPTIONS
-This version of \*(TX understands the following command line options.
-.TP
-.BI -cnf-line \ string
-Parse
-.I string
-as a
-.I texmf.cnf
-configuration line. See the Kpathsea manual.
-.TP
-.B -enc
-Enable the enc\*(TX extensions. This option is only effective in
-combination with
-.BR -ini .
-For documentation of the enc\*(TX extensions see
-.BR http://www.olsak.net/enctex.html .
-.TP
-.B -file-line-error
-Print error messages in the form
-.I file:line:error
-which is similar to the way many compilers format them.
-.TP
-.B -no-file-line-error
-Disable printing error messages in the
-.I file:line:error
-style.
-.TP
-.B -file-line-error-style
-This is the old name of the
-.B -file-line-error
-option.
-.TP
-.BI -fmt \ format
-Use
-.I format
-as the name of the format to be used, instead of the name by which
-\*(TX was called or a
-.I %&
-line.
-.TP
-.B -halt-on-error
-Exit with an error code when an error is encountered during processing.
-.TP
-.B -help
-Print help message and exit.
-.TP
-.B -ini
-Start in
-.I INI
-mode, which is used to dump formats. The
-.I INI
-mode can be used for typesetting, but no format is preloaded, and
-basic initializations like setting catcodes may be required.
-.TP
-.BI -interaction \ mode
-Sets the interaction mode. The mode can be either
-.IR batchmode ,
-.IR nonstopmode ,
-.IR scrollmode ,
-and
-.IR errorstopmode .
-The meaning of these modes is the same as that of the corresponding
-\ecommands.
-.TP
-.B -ipc
-Send DVI output to a socket as well as the usual output file. Whether
-this option is available is the choice of the installer.
-.TP
-.B -ipc-start
-As
-.BR -ipc ,
-and starts the server at the other end as well. Whether this option
-is available is the choice of the installer.
-.TP
-.BI -jobname \ name
-Use
-.I name
-for the job name, instead of deriving it from the name of the input file.
-.TP
-.BI -kpathsea-debug \ bitmask
-Sets path searching debugging flags according to the bitmask. See the
-.I Kpathsea
-manual for details.
-.TP
-.BI -mktex \ fmt
-Enable
-.RI mktex fmt ,
-where
-.I fmt
-must be either
-.I tex
-or
-.IR tfm .
-.TP
-.B -mltex
-Enable ML\*(TX extensions. Only effective in combination with
-.BR -ini .
-.TP
-.BI -no-mktex \ fmt
-Disable
-.RI mktex fmt ,
-where
-.I fmt
-must be either
-.I tex
-or
-.IR tfm .
-.TP
-.BI -output-comment \ string
-Use
-.I string
-for the
-.I DVI
-file comment instead of the date.
-.TP
-.BI -output-directory \ directory
-Write output files in
-.I directory
-instead of the current directory. Look up input files in
-.I directory
-first, then along the normal search path. See also description of the
-TEXMFOUTPUT environment variable.
-.TP
-.B -parse-first-line
-If the first line of the main input file begins with
-.I %&
-parse it to look for a dump name or a
-.B -translate-file
-option.
-.TP
-.B -no-parse-first-line
-Disable parsing of the first line of the main input file.
-.TP
-.BI -progname \ name
-Pretend to be program
-.IR name .
-This affects both the format used and the search paths.
-.TP
-.B -recorder
-Enable the filename recorder. This leaves a trace of the files opened
-for input and output in a file with extension
-.IR .fls .
-.TP
-.B -shell-escape
-Enable the
-.BI \ewrite18{ command }
-construct. The
-.I command
-can be any shell command. This construct is normally
-disallowed for security reasons.
-.TP
-.B -no-shell-escape
-Disable the
-.BI \ewrite18{ command }
-construct, even if it is enabled in the
-.I texmf.cnf
-file.
-.TP
-.B -src-specials
-Insert source specials into the
-.I DVI
-file.
-.TP
-.BI -src-specials \ where
-Insert source specials in certain places of the
-.I DVI
-file.
-.I where
-is a comma-separated value list:
-.IR cr ,
-.IR display ,
-.IR hbox ,
-.IR math ,
-.IR par ,
-.IR parent ,
-or
-.IR vbox .
-.TP
-.BI -translate-file \ tcxname
-Use the
-.I tcxname
-translation table to set the mapping of input characters and
-re-mapping of output characters.
-.TP
-.BI -default-translate-file \ tcxname
-Like
-.B -translate-file
-except that a
-.I %&
-line can overrule this setting.
-.TP
-.B -version
-Print version information and exit.
-.\"=====================================================================
-.SH ENVIRONMENT
-See the Kpathsearch library documentation (the `Path specifications'
-node) for precise details of how the environment variables are used.
-The
-.B kpsewhich
-utility can be used to query the values of the variables.
-.PP
-One caveat: In most \*(TX formats, you cannot use ~ in a filename you
-give directly to \*(TX, because ~ is an active character, and hence is
-expanded, not taken as part of the filename. Other programs, such as
-\*(MF, do not have this problem.
-.PP
-.TP
-.B TEXMFOUTPUT
-Normally, \*(TX puts its output files in the current directory. If
-any output file cannot be opened there, it tries to open it in the
-directory specified in the environment variable TEXMFOUTPUT.
-There is no default value for that variable. For example, if you say
-.I tex paper
-and the current directory is not writable, if TEXMFOUTPUT has
-the value
-.IR /tmp ,
-\*(TX attempts to create
-.I /tmp/paper.log
-(and
-.IR /tmp/paper.dvi ,
-if any output is produced.) TEXMFOUTPUT is also checked for input
-files, as \*(TX often generates files that need to be subsequently
-read; for input, no suffixes (such as ``.tex'') are added by default,
-the input name is simply checked as given.
-.TP
-.B TEXINPUTS
-Search path for
-.I \einput
-and
-.I \eopenin
-files.
-This should probably start with ``.'', so
-that user files are found before system files. An empty path
-component will be replaced with the paths defined in the
-.I texmf.cnf
-file. For example, set TEXINPUTS to ".:/home/user/tex:" to prepend the
-current directory and ``/home/user/tex'' to the standard search path.
-.TP
-.B TEXFORMATS
-Search path for format files.
-.TP
-.B TEXPOOL
-search path for
-.B tex
-internal strings.
-.TP
-.B TEXEDIT
-Command template for switching to editor. The default, usually
-.BR vi ,
-is set when \*(TX is compiled.
-.TP
-.B TFMFONTS
-Search path for font metric
-.RI ( .tfm )
-files.
-.\"=====================================================================
-.SH FILES
-The location of the files mentioned below varies from system to
-system. Use the
-.B kpsewhich
-utility to find their locations.
-.TP
-.I texmf.cnf
-Configuration file. This contains definitions of search paths as well
-as other configuration parameters like
-.BR parse_first_line .
-.TP
-.I tex.pool
-Text file containing \*(TX's internal strings.
-.TP
-.I texfonts.map
-Filename mapping definitions.
-.TP
-.I *.tfm
-Metric files for \*(TX's fonts.
-.TP
-.I *.fmt
-Predigested \*(TX format (.\|fmt) files.
-.TP
-.I $TEXMFMAIN/tex/plain/base/plain.tex
-The basic macro package described in the \*(OXbook.
-.br
-.\"=====================================================================
-.SH NOTES
-This manual page is not meant to be exhaustive. The complete
-documentation for this version of \*(TX can be found in the info manual
-.IR "Web2C: A TeX implementation" .
-.\"=====================================================================
-.SH BUGS
-This version of \*(TX implements a number of optional extensions.
-In fact, many of these extensions conflict to a greater or lesser
-extent with the definition of \*(TX. When such extensions are
-enabled, the banner printed when \*(TX starts is changed to print
-.B TeXk
-instead of
-.BR TeX .
-.PP
-This version of \*(TX fails to trap arithmetic overflow when
-dimensions are added or subtracted. Cases where this occurs are rare,
-but when it does the generated
-.I DVI
-file will be invalid.
-.\"=====================================================================
-.SH "SEE ALSO"
-.BR mf (1),
-.br
-Donald E. Knuth,
-.IR "The \*(OXbook" ,
-Addison-Wesley, 1986, ISBN 0-201-13447-0.
-.br
-Leslie Lamport,
-.IR "\*(LX \- A Document Preparation System" ,
-Addison-Wesley, 1985, ISBN 0-201-15790-X.
-.br
-K. Berry,
-.IR "Eplain: Expanded plain \*(TX" ,
-https://tug.org/eplain
-.br
-Michael Spivak,
-.IR "The Joy of \*(OX" ,
-2nd edition, Addison-Wesley, 1990, ISBN 0-8218-2997-1.
-.br
-.I TUGboat
-(the journal of the \*(TX Users Group).
-https://tug.org/TUGboat
-.\"=====================================================================
-.SH TRIVIA
-\*(TX, pronounced properly, rhymes with ``blecchhh.'' The proper
-spelling in typewriter-like fonts is ``TeX'' and not ``TEX'' or ``tex.''
-.\"=====================================================================
-.SH AUTHORS
-\*(TX was created by Donald E. Knuth,
-who implemented it using his \*(WB system for Pascal programs.
-It was ported to Unix at Stanford by Howard Trickey, and
-at Cornell by Pavel Curtis.
-The version now offered with the Unix \*(TX distribution is that
-generated by the \*(WB to C system
-.RB ( web2c ),
-originally written by Tomas Rokicki and Tim Morgan.
-.PP
-The enc\*(TX extensions were written by Petr Olsak.