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diff --git a/language/greek/greek-fontenc/greek-fontenc.html b/language/greek/greek-fontenc/greek-fontenc.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e0e864507f --- /dev/null +++ b/language/greek/greek-fontenc/greek-fontenc.html @@ -0,0 +1,1208 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> +<head> +<meta charset="utf-8"/> +<meta name="generator" content="Docutils 0.17b.dev: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/" /> +<title>greek-fontenc</title> +<meta name="author" content="Günter Milde" /> +<meta name="dcterms.rights" content="© 2013 Günter Milde <milde@users.sf.net>" /> +<link rel="schema.dcterms" href="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"/> +<style type="text/css"> + +/* Minimal style sheet for the HTML output of Docutils. */ +/* */ +/* :Author: Günter Milde, based on html4css1.css by David Goodger */ +/* :Id: $Id$ */ +/* :Copyright: © 2015 Günter Milde. */ +/* :License: Released under the terms of the `2-Clause BSD license`_, */ +/* in short: */ +/* */ +/* Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, */ +/* are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright */ +/* notice and this notice are preserved. */ +/* */ +/* This file is offered as-is, without any warranty. */ +/* */ +/* .. _2-Clause BSD license: http://www.spdx.org/licenses/BSD-2-Clause */ + +/* This CSS2.1_ stylesheet defines rules for Docutils elements without */ +/* HTML equivalent. 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} + +/* Description Lists */ +/* styled like in most dictionaries, encyclopedias etc. */ +dl.description > dt { + font-weight: bold; + clear: left; + float: left; + margin: 0; + padding: 0; + padding-right: 0.5em; +} + +/* Field Lists */ + +/* example for custom field-name width */ +dl.field-list.narrow > dd { + margin-left: 5em; +} +/* run-in: start field-body on same line after long field names */ +dl.field-list.run-in > dd p { + display: block; +} + +/* Bibliographic Fields */ + +/* generally, bibliographic fields use special definition list dl.docinfo */ +/* but dedication and abstract are placed into "topic" divs */ +div.abstract p.topic-title { + text-align: center; +} +div.dedication { + margin: 2em 5em; + text-align: center; + font-style: italic; +} +div.dedication p.topic-title { + font-style: normal; +} + +/* Citations */ +dl.citation dt.label { + font-weight: bold; +} +span.fn-backref { + font-weight: normal; +} + +/* Text Blocks */ +/* =========== */ + +/* Literal Blocks */ + +pre.literal-block, +pre.doctest-block, +pre.math, +pre.code { + font-family: monospace; 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+ clear: left; + float: left; + margin-right: 1em; +} +.figure.align-right, +figure.align-right, +img.align-right, +object.align-right { + display: block; + clear: right; + float: right; + margin-left: 1em; +} +/* Stop floating sidebars, images and figures at section level 1,2,3 */ +h1, h2, h3, h4 { clear: both; } + +/* Numbered figures */ +figure.numbered > figcaption > p:before { + counter-increment: figure; + content: "Figure " counter(figure) ": "; + font-weight: bold; +} + + +/* Admonitions and System Messages */ + +div.admonition, +div.system-message, +aside.sidebar { + border: medium outset; + margin: 1em 1.5em; + padding: 0.5em 1em; +} + +div.caution p.admonition-title, +div.attention p.admonition-title, +div.danger p.admonition-title, +div.error p.admonition-title, +div.warning p.admonition-title, +div.error { + color: red; +} + + +/* Sidebar */ + +/* Move right. In a layout with fixed margins, */ +/* it can be moved into the margin. */ +div.sidebar, +aside.sidebar { + width: 30%; + max-width: 26em; + margin-left: 1em; + margin-right: -2%; + background-color: #ffffee; +} + +/* Code */ + +pre.code { padding: 0.7ex } +pre.code, code { background-color: #eeeeee } +pre.code .ln { color: gray; } /* line numbers */ +/* basic highlighting: for a complete scheme, see */ +/* http://docutils.sourceforge.net/sandbox/stylesheets/ */ +pre.code .comment, code .comment { color: #5C6576 } +pre.code .keyword, code .keyword { color: #3B0D06; font-weight: bold } +pre.code .literal.string, code .literal.string { color: #0C5404 } +pre.code .name.builtin, code .name.builtin { color: #352B84 } +pre.code .deleted, code .deleted { background-color: #DEB0A1} +pre.code .inserted, code .inserted { background-color: #A3D289} + +/* Math */ +/* styled separately (see math.css for math-output=HTML) */ + +/* Epigraph */ +/* Highlights */ +/* Pull-Quote */ +/* Compound Paragraph */ +/* Container */ + +/* Document Header and Footer */ + +footer, header { + font-size: smaller; + clear: both; + padding: 0.5em 2%; + background-color: #ebebee; + border: none; +} + +/* Inline Markup */ +/* ============= */ + +/* Emphasis */ +/* em */ +/* Strong Emphasis */ +/* strong */ +/* Interpreted Text */ +/* span.interpreted */ +/* Title Reference */ +/* cite */ + +/* Inline Literals */ +/* possible values: normal, nowrap, pre, pre-wrap, pre-line */ +/* span.docutils.literal { white-space: pre-wrap; } */ + +/* Hyperlink References */ +a { text-decoration: none; } + +/* External Targets */ +/* span.target.external */ +/* Internal Targets */ +/* span.target.internal */ +/* Footnote References */ +/* a.footnote-reference */ +/* Citation References */ +/* a.citation-reference */ + +</style> +</head> +<body> +<main id="greek-fontenc"> +<h1 class="title">greek-fontenc</h1> +<p class="subtitle" id="greek-font-encoding-definition-files">Greek font encoding definition files</p> +<dl class="docinfo simple"> +<dt class="author">Author</dt> +<dd class="author"><p>Günter Milde</p></dd> +<dt class="copyright">Copyright</dt> +<dd class="copyright">© 2013 Günter Milde <<a class="reference external" href="mailto:milde@users.sf.net">milde@users.sf.net</a>></dd> +<dt class="licence">Licence</dt> +<dd class="licence"><p>This work may be distributed and/or modified under the +conditions of the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt">LaTeX Project Public License</a>, either +version 1.3 of this license or any later version.</p> +</dd> +</dl> +<div class="abstract topic"> +<p class="topic-title">Abstract</p> +<p><cite>LaTeX internal character representation</cite> (LICR) macros are a +verbose but failsafe 7-bit ASCII encoding that works unaltered +under both, 8-bit TeX and XeTeX/LuaTeX. Use cases are macro +definitions and generated text</p> +<p>This package provides <a class="reference internal" href="#greek-licr-macros">Greek LICR macros</a> and encoding +definition files for <a class="reference internal" href="#greek-text-font-encodings">Greek text font encodings</a> for use with +<a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/fontenc">fontenc</a> (8-bit TeX) or <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/fontspec">fontspec</a> (XeTeX/LuaTeX).</p> +<p>Included are also the LaTeX packages <a class="reference internal" href="#textalpha">textalpha</a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#alphabeta">alphabeta</a>.</p> +</div> +<div class="admonition note"> +<p class="admonition-title">Note</p> +<p>The LICR macro names for Greek symbols are chosen pending +endorsement by the TeX community and related packages.</p> +<p>Names for archaic characters, accents/diacritics, and +punctuation may change in future versions.</p> +</div> +<section id="changelog"> +<h2>Changelog</h2> +<table class="borderless"> +<colgroup> +<col style="width: 8%" /> +<col style="width: 15%" /> +<col style="width: 77%" /> +</colgroup> +<tbody> +<tr><td><p>0.9</p></td> +<td><p>2013-07-03</p></td> +<td><p><a class="reference external" href="greek-fontenc.def">greek-fontenc.def</a> “outsourced” from lgrxenc.def</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><!-- --> +</td> +<td></td> +<td><p>experimental files xunicode-greek.sty and +greek-euenc.def: LICRs for XeTeX/LuaTeX.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.9.1</p></td> +<td><p>2013-07-18</p></td> +<td><p>Bugfix: wrong breathings psilioxia -> dasiaoxia.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.9.2</p></td> +<td><p>2013-07-19</p></td> +<td><p>Bugfix: Disable composite defs starting with char macro,</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><!-- --> +</td> +<td></td> +<td><p>fix “hiatus” handling.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.9.3</p></td> +<td><p>2013-07-24</p></td> +<td><p>Fix “input” path in xunicode-greek and greek-euenc.def.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.9.4</p></td> +<td><p>2013-09-10</p></td> +<td><p>greek-fontenc.sty: Greek text font encoding setup package,</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><!-- --> +</td> +<td></td> +<td><p>remove xunicode-greek.sty.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.10</p></td> +<td><p>2013-09-13</p></td> +<td><p><a class="reference external" href="textalpha.sty">textalpha.sty</a> and <a class="reference external" href="alphabeta.sty">alphabeta.sty</a> moved here from lgrx and +updated to work with XeTeX/LuaTeX.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><!-- --> +</td> +<td></td> +<td><p>greek-fontenc.sty removed (obsoleted by textalpha.sty).</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.10.1</p></td> +<td><p>2013-10-01</p></td> +<td><p>Bugfix in greek-euenc.def and alphabeta-euenc.def.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.11</p></td> +<td><p>2013-11-28</p></td> +<td><p>Compatibility with Xe/LuaTeX in 8-bit mode,</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><!-- --> +</td> +<td></td> +<td><p><span class="docutils literal">\greekscript</span> TextCommand.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.11.1</p></td> +<td><p>2013-12-01</p></td> +<td><p>Fix identification of <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">greek-euenc.def</span></span>.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.11.2</p></td> +<td><p>2014-09-04</p></td> +<td><p>Documentation update, remove duplicate code.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.12</p></td> +<td><p>2014-12-25</p></td> +<td><p>Fix auxiliary macro names in <cite>textalpha</cite>.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><!-- --> +</td> +<td></td> +<td><p>Conservative naming: move definition of <span class="docutils literal">\<</span> and <span class="docutils literal">\></span> +from <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">greek-fontenc.def</span></span> to <span class="docutils literal">textalpha.sty</span> +(Bugreport David Kastrup). +Documentation update.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.13</p></td> +<td><p>2015-09-04</p></td> +<td><p>Support for <a class="reference internal" href="#symbol-variants">symbol variants</a>,</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><!-- --> +</td> +<td></td> +<td><p><span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">keep-semicolon</span></span> option in <a class="reference internal" href="#textalpha">textalpha</a>,</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><!-- --> +</td> +<td></td> +<td><p><span class="docutils literal">\lccode</span>/<span class="docutils literal">\uccode</span> corrections for Unicode +(from Apostolos Syropoulos’ <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/xgreek">xgreek</a>) in greek-euenc,</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><!-- --> +</td> +<td></td> +<td><p>Do not convert <span class="docutils literal">\ypogegrammeni</span> to <span class="docutils literal">\prosgegrammeni</span> +with <span class="docutils literal">\MakeUppercase</span>.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.13.1</p></td> +<td><p>2015-12-07</p></td> +<td><p>Fix <a class="reference external" href="http://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/281631/greek-small-rho-with-dasia-and-also-psili-problem-with-accent-and-lgr-encodin">rho with dasia bug</a> in lgrenc.def (Linus Romer).</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.13.2</p></td> +<td><p>2016-02-05</p></td> +<td><p>Support for standard Unicode text font encoding “TU” +(new in fontspec v2.5a).</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.13.3</p></td> +<td><p>2019-07-10</p></td> +<td><p>Drop error font declaration (cf. <a class="reference external" href="https://www.latex-project.org/cgi-bin/ltxbugs2html?pr=latex%2F4399&search=">ltxbugs 4399</a>).</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.13.4</p></td> +<td><p>2019-07-11</p></td> +<td><p><span class="docutils literal">@uclclist</span> entry for <span class="docutils literal">\prosgegrammeni</span>.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><!-- --> +</td> +<td></td> +<td><p>Documentation update.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>0.14</p></td> +<td><p>2020-02-28</p></td> +<td><p>Update test for Unicode fonts. +Rename <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">greek-euenc</span></span> to <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tuenc-greek</span></span>.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><!-- --> +</td> +<td></td> +<td><p>Use <span class="docutils literal">\UTFencoding</span> instead of <span class="docutils literal">\LastDeclaredEncoding</span>.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><p>1.0</p></td> +<td><p>2020-09-25</p></td> +<td><p>Bugfix in <a class="reference internal" href="#textalpha">textalpha</a>: Let <span class="docutils literal">\greekscript</span> set +<span class="docutils literal">\encodingdefault</span>.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><!-- --> +</td> +<td></td> +<td><p><span class="docutils literal">\textKoppa</span> as alias for <span class="docutils literal">\textkoppa</span> in LGR.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td><!-- --> +</td> +<td></td> +<td><p>Update URLs.</p></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> +</section> +<section id="tex-files"> +<h2>TeX files</h2> +<dl class="simple"> +<dt><a class="reference external" href="greek-fontenc.def">greek-fontenc.def</a></dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="greek-fontenc.def.html">Common Greek font encoding definitions</a>.</p> +</dd> +<dt><a class="reference external" href="greek-euenc.def">greek-euenc.def</a></dt> +<dd><p>Backwards compatibility file loading <a class="reference internal" href="#tuenc-greek">tuenc-greek</a>.</p> +</dd> +</dl> +<dl id="lgr-font-encoding-definition-file"> +<dt><a class="reference external" href="lgrenc.def">lgrenc.def</a></dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="lgrenc.def.html">LGR Greek font encoding definitions</a>.</p> +<p>This file is the successor of the basic LGR encoding definition file which +comes with <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/babel">babel</a>’s Greek support and the now obsolete <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/lgrx">lgrx</a> bundle.</p> +</dd> +<dt id="textalpha"><a class="reference external" href="textalpha.sty">textalpha.sty</a></dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="textalpha.sty.html">Greek symbols in text</a></p> +<p>Use <span class="docutils literal">\textalpha</span> … <span class="docutils literal">\textOmega</span> independent of font encoding and TeX +engine.</p> +</dd> +<dt id="alphabeta"><a class="reference external" href="alphabeta.sty">alphabeta.sty</a></dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="alphabeta.sty.html">Greek symbols in text and math</a>.</p> +<p>Use <span class="docutils literal">\alpha</span> … <span class="docutils literal">\Omega</span> independent of text/math mode, font +encoding, and TeX engine.</p> +</dd> +<dt><a class="reference external" href="alphabeta-tuenc.def">alphabeta-tuenc.def</a></dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="alphabeta-tuenc.def.html">Composite definitions with XeTeX/LuaTeX.</a>.</p> +</dd> +<dt id="tuenc-greek"><a class="reference external" href="tuenc-greek.def">tuenc-greek.def</a></dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="tuenc-greek.def.html">Font setup for Greek with XeTeX/LuaTeX</a>.</p> +</dd> +</dl> +<p>Literate source files were converted with <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pylit">PyLit</a> to <a class="reference external" href="http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html">reStructuredText</a> and +with <a class="reference external" href="http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html">Docutils</a> to the HTML documentation.</p> +</section> +<section id="documentation-and-test-documents"> +<h2>Documentation and test documents</h2> +<dl> +<dt><cite>textalpha</cite> package documentation:</dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="textalpha-doc.tex">textalpha-doc.tex</a>, <a class="reference external" href="textalpha-doc.pdf">textalpha-doc.pdf</a></p> +</dd> +<dt><cite>alphabeta</cite> package documentation:</dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="alphabeta-doc.tex">alphabeta-doc.tex</a> <a class="reference external" href="alphabeta-doc.pdf">alphabeta-doc.pdf</a></p> +</dd> +<dt>Test and usage example</dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="lgrenc-test.tex">lgrenc-test.tex</a>, <a class="reference external" href="lgrenc-test.pdf">lgrenc-test.pdf</a></p> +</dd> +<dt>Font setup for Greek with XeTeX/LuaTeX</dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="tuenc-greek-doc.tex">tuenc-greek-doc.tex</a>, <a class="reference external" href="tuenc-greek-doc.pdf">tuenc-greek-doc.pdf</a></p> +</dd> +<dt>Greek script in PDF metadata</dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="greekhyperref.tex">greekhyperref.tex</a>, <a class="reference external" href="greekhyperref.pdf">greekhyperref.pdf</a></p> +<p>The package <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/hyperref">hyperref</a> defines the PU font encoding which also supports +(monotonic) Greek.</p> +</dd> +</dl> +</section> +<section id="experimental-files"> +<h2>Experimental files</h2> +<p>These files are still in development and will eventually be moved to/merged +with other packages or removed in future versions:</p> +<dl class="simple"> +<dt><a class="reference external" href="lgr2licr.lua">lgr2licr.lua</a></dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="lgr2licr.lua.html">LGR Transcription to Greek LICR transformation</a></p> +</dd> +</dl> +</section> +<section id="installation"> +<h2>Installation</h2> +<p>If possible, get this package from your distribution using its installation +manager.</p> +<p>Otherwise, make sure LaTeX can find the package and definition files:</p> +<ul class="simple"> +<li><p>Download and unpack <a class="reference external" href="http://mirrors.ctan.org/language/greek/greek-fontenc.zip">greek-fontenc.zip</a>.</p></li> +<li><p>Copy/Move/Link files ending in <span class="docutils literal">.def</span> or <span class="docutils literal">.sty</span> to a suitable place in +the “TeX Directory Structure” (<a class="reference external" href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=tds">TDS</a>) and run <span class="docutils literal">texhash</span>, or place them in +the current working directory (e.g. for testing).</p></li> +</ul> +</section> +<section id="conflicts"> +<h2>Conflicts</h2> +<p>The <a class="reference external" href="https://www.ctan.org/pkg/arabi">arabi</a> package provides the Babel <span class="docutils literal">arabic</span> option which loads +<span class="docutils literal">arabicfnt.sty</span> for font setup. This package overwrites the LICR macros +<span class="docutils literal">\omega</span> and <span class="docutils literal">\textomega</span> with font selecting commands. See the report +for Debian <a class="reference external" href="https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=858987">bug 858987</a> for details and the <a class="reference internal" href="#arabi-workaround">arabi workaround</a> below.</p> +</section> +<section id="usage"> +<h2>Usage</h2> +<p>There are several alternatives to set up the support for a Greek font +encoding provided by this package, e.g.:</p> +<dl> +<dt><a class="reference internal" href="#textalpha">textalpha</a>:</dt> +<dd><p>Ensure support for Greek characters in text mode:</p> +<pre class="literal-block">\usepackage{textalpha}</pre> +<p>eventually with the <a class="reference external" href="textalpha.sty.html#normalize-symbols">normalize-symbols</a> option to handle <a class="reference internal" href="#symbol-variants">symbol +variants</a></p> +<pre class="literal-block">\usepackage[normalize-symbols]{textalpha}</pre> +<p>and/or the <a class="reference external" href="textalpha.sty.html#keep-semicolon">keep-semicolon</a> option to use the <a class="reference external" href="textalpha.sty.html#semicolon-as-erotimatiko">semicolon as erotimatiko</a> +also in LGR</p> +<pre class="literal-block">\usepackage[normalize-symbols,keep-semicolon]{textalpha}</pre> +<p>This sets up LICR macros for Greek text charactes under both, 8-bit TeX +and Xe-/LuaTeX. +For details see <a class="reference external" href="textalpha-doc.tex">textalpha-doc.tex</a> and <a class="reference external" href="textalpha-doc.pdf">textalpha-doc.pdf</a> (8-bit +TeX) as well as <a class="reference external" href="tuenc-greek-doc.tex">tuenc-greek-doc.tex</a> and <a class="reference external" href="tuenc-greek-doc.pdf">tuenc-greek-doc.pdf</a> +(XeTeX/LuaTeX).</p> +</dd> +<dt><a class="reference internal" href="#alphabeta">alphabeta</a>:</dt> +<dd><p>To use the short macro names (<span class="docutils literal">\alpha</span> … <span class="docutils literal">\Omega</span>) known from math +mode in both, text and math mode, write</p> +<pre class="literal-block">\usepackage{alphabeta}</pre> +<p>For details see <a class="reference external" href="alphabeta-doc.tex">alphabeta-doc.tex</a> and <a class="reference external" href="alphabeta-doc.pdf">alphabeta-doc.pdf</a>.</p> +</dd> +<dt>Babel:</dt> +<dd><p>Use the <span class="docutils literal">greek</span> option with <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/babel">Babel</a>:</p> +<pre class="literal-block">\usepackage[greek]{babel}</pre> +<p>This automatically loads <span class="docutils literal">lgrenc.def</span> with 8-bit TeX and +<span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tuenc-greek.def</span></span> with XeTeX/LuaTeX and provides localized auto-strings, +hyphenation and other localizations (see <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/babel-greek">babel-greek</a>).</p> +<p>Babel can be used together with <a class="reference internal" href="#textalpha">textalpha</a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#alphabeta">alphabeta</a>.</p> +</dd> +<dt>fontenc:</dt> +<dd><p>Declare LGR via <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/fontenc">fontenc</a>. For example, specify T1 (8-bit +Latin) as default font encoding and LGR for Greek with</p> +<pre class="literal-block">\usepackage[LGR,T1]{fontenc}</pre> +<p>Note that without <a class="reference internal" href="#textalpha">textalpha</a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#alphabeta">alphabeta</a>, Greek text macros work +only if the current font encoding supports Greek. See <a class="citation-reference" href="#fntguide" id="id6">[fntguide]</a> for +details and <a class="reference external" href="lgrenc-test.tex">lgrenc-test.tex</a> for an example.</p> +<p>It is possible to use 8-bit Greek text fonts in the LGR TeX font encoding +also with XeTeX/LuaTeX, if the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/fontenc">fontenc</a> package is loaded before +<a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/fontspec">fontspec</a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#textalpha">textalpha</a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#alphabeta">alphabeta</a>, e.g.</p> +<pre class="literal-block">\usepackage[LGR]{fontenc} +\usepackage{fontspec} +\setmainfont{Linux Libertine O} % Latin Modern does not support Greek +\setsansfont{Linux Biolinum O} +\usepackage{textalpha}</pre> +<p>See <a class="reference external" href="tuenc-greek-doc.tex">tuenc-greek-doc.tex</a>, <a class="reference external" href="tuenc-greek-doc.pdf">tuenc-greek-doc.pdf</a> and +<a class="reference external" href="lgrenc-test.tex">lgrenc-test.tex</a>, <a class="reference external" href="lgrenc-test.pdf">lgrenc-test.pdf</a>.</p> +</dd> +</dl> +<p id="arabi-workaround">To work around the conflict with <a class="reference external" href="https://www.ctan.org/pkg/arabi">arabi</a>, it may suffice to ensure <span class="docutils literal">greek</span> +is loaded after <span class="docutils literal">arabic</span>:</p> +<pre class="literal-block">\usepackage[arabic,greek,english]{babel}</pre> +<p>More secure is an explicit reverse-definition, e.g.</p> +<pre class="literal-block">% save original \omega +\let\mathomega\omega + +\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} +\usepackage[LAE,LGR,T1]{fontenc} +\usepackage[arabic,greek,english]{babel} + +% fix arabtex: +\DeclareTextSymbol{\textomega}{LGR}{119} +\renewcommand{\omega}{\mathomega}</pre> +</section> +<section id="greek-text-font-encodings"> +<h2>Greek text font encodings</h2> +<p>Greek TeX font encodings are the envisaged <a class="reference internal" href="#t7">T7</a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#lgr">LGR</a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="#lgi">LGI</a>. +Greek letters and symbols are also defined in the Unicode-based font +encodings <a class="reference internal" href="#tu">TU</a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#eu1-eu2">EU1, EU2</a>, and PU (<a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/hyperref">hyperref</a>).</p> +<section id="t7"> +<h3>T7</h3> +<p>The <a class="citation-reference" href="#encguide" id="id12">[encguide]</a> reserves the name T7 for a Greek <cite>standard font encoding</cite>. +However, up to now, there is no agreement on an implementation because the +restrictions for general text encodings are too severe for typesetting +polytonic Greek.</p> +</section> +<section id="lgr"> +<h3>LGR</h3> +<p>The LGR font encoding is the de-facto standard for typesetting Greek with +(8-bit) LaTeX. <cite>greek-fontenc</cite> provides a comprehensive <a class="reference internal" href="#lgr-font-encoding-definition-file">LGR font +encoding definition file</a>.</p> +<p>Fonts in this encoding include the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/cbgreek-complete">CB fonts</a> (matching CM), <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/grtimes">grtimes</a> +(Greek Times), <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/kerkis">Kerkis</a> (matching URW Bookman), <a class="reference external" href="https://www.ctan.org/pkg/dejavu">DejaVu</a>, <a class="reference external" href="https://www.ctan.org/pkg/libertinegc">Libertine GC</a>, and +the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/gfs">GFS fonts</a>. Setup of these fonts as Greek variant to +matching Latin fonts is facilitated by the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/substitutefont">substitutefont</a> package.</p> +<p>The LGR font encoding allows to access Greek characters via an ASCII +transliteration. This enables simple input with a Latin keyboard. +Characters with diacritics can be selected by ligature definitions in the +font (see <a class="citation-reference" href="#greek-usage" id="id13">[greek-usage]</a>, <a class="citation-reference" href="#teubner-doc" id="id14">[teubner-doc]</a>, <a class="citation-reference" href="#cbfonts" id="id15">[cbfonts]</a>).</p> +<p>A major drawback of the transliteration is, that you cannot access Latin +letters if LGR is the active font encoding (e.g. in documents or parts of +documents given the <cite>Babel</cite> language <span class="docutils literal">greek</span> or <span class="docutils literal">polutionikogreek</span>). +This means that for every Latin-written word or acronym an explicit +language-switch is required. This problem can only be solved via a +font-encoding comprising Latin and Greek like the envisaged <a class="reference internal" href="#t7">T7</a> or +Unicode (with XeTeX or LuaTeX).</p> +</section> +<section id="lgi"> +<h3>LGI</h3> +<p>The ‘Ibycus’ fonts from the package <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/ibygrk">ibygrk</a> implement an alternative +transliteration scheme (also explained in <a class="citation-reference" href="#babel-patch" id="id16">[babel-patch]</a>). +It is currently not supported by <cite>greek-fontenc</cite>.</p> +<p>The font encoding file <span class="docutils literal">lgienc.def</span> from <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/ibycus-babel">ibycus-babel</a> provides a basic +setup (without any LICR macros or composite definitions).</p> +</section> +<section id="tu"> +<h3>TU</h3> +<p>Standard Unicode font encoding for XeTeX and LuaTeX loaded by <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/fontspec">fontspec</a> +(since v2.5a). <cite>greek-fontenc</cite> adds support for the Greek script (see +<a class="reference internal" href="#tuenc-greek">tuenc-greek</a>).</p> +<p>Xe/LuaTeX works with any system-wide installed <a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/topic/font-otf">OpenType font</a>. Suitable +fonts supporting Greek include <a class="reference external" href="https://www.ctan.org/pkg/cm-unicode">CM Unicode</a>, <a class="reference external" href="http://dejavu-fonts.org">Deja Vu</a>, <a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/pkg/ebgaramond">EB Garamond</a>, +the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/gfs">GFS fonts</a>, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/libertineotf">Libertine OTF</a>, <a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/pkg/libertinus">Libertinus</a>, <a class="reference external" href="https://ctan.org/pkg/oldstandard">Old Standard</a>, +<a class="reference external" href="https://www.ctan.org/pkg/tempora">Tempora</a>, and <a class="reference external" href="https://www.ctan.org/pkg/umtypewriter">UM Typewriter</a> (all available on CTAN) but also many commercial +fonts. Unfortunately, the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/fontspec">fontspec</a> default, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.gust.org.pl/projects/e-foundry/latin-modern">Latin Modern</a> misses most +Greek characters.</p> +</section> +<section id="eu1-eu2"> +<h3>EU1, EU2</h3> +<p>Legacy Unicode font encodings for XeTeX and LuaTeX respectively. Superseded +by <a class="reference internal" href="#tu">TU</a>.</p> +</section> +</section> +<section id="greek-licr-macros"> +<h2>Greek LICR macros</h2> +<p>This package provides LaTeX internal character representations (LICR macros) +for Greek letters and diacritics. Macro names were selected based on the +following considerations:</p> +<section id="letters-and-symbols"> +<h3>letters and symbols</h3> +<ul> +<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#fntguide">fntguide</a> (section 6.4 Naming conventions) recommends:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>Where possible, text symbols should be named as <span class="docutils literal">\text</span> followed +by the <strong>Adobe glyph name</strong>: for example <span class="docutils literal">\textonequarter</span> or +<span class="docutils literal">\textsterling</span>. Similarly, math symbols should be named as +<span class="docutils literal">\math</span> followed by the glyph name, for example +<span class="docutils literal">\mathonequarter</span> or <span class="docutils literal">\mathsterling</span>.</p> +</blockquote> +<dl class="simple"> +<dt>Problem:</dt> +<dd><p>The <a class="reference external" href="http://raw.githubusercontent.com/adobe-type-tools/agl-aglfn/master/aglfn.txt">Adobe Glyph List For New Fonts</a> has names for many glyphs in the +<cite>Greek and Coptic</cite> Unicode block, but not for <cite>Greek extended</cite>. The +<a class="reference external" href="http://raw.githubusercontent.com/adobe-type-tools/agl-aglfn/master/glyphlist.txt">Adobe Glyph List</a> (for existing fonts) lists additional glyph names +used in older fonts. However, these are not intended for active use.</p> +</dd> +</dl> +</li> +<li><p>If there exists a <strong>math-mode macro</strong> for a symbol, the corresponding text +macro could be formed by prepending <span class="docutils literal">text</span>.</p> +<dl class="simple"> +<dt>Example:</dt> +<dd><p>The glyph name for the GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA is <span class="docutils literal">sigma1</span>, +the corresponding math-macro is <span class="docutils literal">\varsigma</span>. The text symbol is +made available as <span class="docutils literal">\textvarsigma</span>.</p> +</dd> +<dt>Problem:</dt> +<dd><p>The math macros for the <a class="reference internal" href="#symbol-variants">symbol variants</a> <span class="docutils literal">\varepsilon</span> and +<span class="docutils literal">\varphi</span> map to characters named “GREEK SMALL <em>LETTER</em> …”, while +<span class="docutils literal">\vartheta</span>, <span class="docutils literal">\varkappa</span>, <span class="docutils literal">\varrho</span>, and <span class="docutils literal">\varpi</span> map to “GREEK +… <em>SYMBOL</em>” Unicode characters. (See also section 5.5.3 of the +<a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/unicode-math">unicode-math</a> documentation.)</p> +</dd> +</dl> +</li> +<li><p>The <a class="reference external" href="http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/NamesList.txt">Unicode names list</a> provides standardized descriptive names for all +Unicode characters that use only capital letters of the Latin alphabet. +While not suited for direct use in LICR macros, they can be either</p> +<ol class="lowerroman simple"> +<li><p>used as inspiration for new LICR macro names or</p></li> +<li><p>converted to LICR macro names via a defined set of transformation rules.</p></li> +</ol> +<dl class="simple"> +<dt>Example:</dt> +<dd><p><span class="docutils literal">\textfinalsigma</span> is a descriptive alias for +GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA derived via the rules:</p> +<ul class="simple"> +<li><p>drop “LETTER” if the name remains unique,</p></li> +<li><p>drop “GREEK” if the name remains unique,</p></li> +<li><p>use capitalized name for capital letters, lowercase for “SMALL” letters +and drop “SMALL”,</p></li> +<li><p>concatenate</p></li> +</ul> +</dd> +</dl> +</li> +<li><p>Omit the “text” prefix for macros that do not have a math counterpart?</p> +<dl class="simple"> +<dt>Pro:</dt> +<dd><ul class="simple"> +<li><p>Simpler,</p></li> +<li><p>ease of use (less typing, better readability of source text),</p></li> +<li><p>many established text macro names without “text”,</p></li> +<li><p><span class="docutils literal">text</span> prefix does <strong>not</strong> mark a macro as encoding-specific or +“inserting a glyph”. There are e.g. font-changing macros (<span class="docutils literal">\textbf</span>, +<span class="docutils literal">\textit</span>) and encoding-changing macros (<span class="docutils literal">\textgreek</span>, +<span class="docutils literal">\textcyr</span>).</p></li> +<li><p>There are examples of encoding-specific macros +without the <span class="docutils literal">text</span>-prefix, especially for letters, see <a class="reference internal" href="#encguide">encguide</a>.</p></li> +</ul> +</dd> +<dt>Contra:</dt> +<dd><ul class="simple"> +<li><p>Less consistent,</p></li> +<li><p>possible name clashes</p></li> +<li><p><span class="docutils literal">text</span> prefix marks a macro as confined to text (as opposed to math) +mode,</p></li> +</ul> +</dd> +</dl> +<p>The font encoding definition files use the <span class="docutils literal">text</span> prefix for symbols. +Aliases (short forms, compatibility defs, etc.) are defined in +additional packages (e.g. <a class="reference external" href="alphabeta.sty">alphabeta.sty</a>, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/babel-greek">babel-greek</a>, or <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/teubner">teubner</a>)</p> +</li> +</ul> +</section> +<section id="accent-macros"> +<h3>accent macros</h3> +<ul> +<li><p>standard accent macros (<span class="docutils literal">\DeclareTextAccent</span> definitions in +<span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">latex/base/...</span></span>) are one-symbol macros (<span class="docutils literal">\' \" ... \u \v ...</span>) .</p></li> +<li><p><span class="docutils literal">tipa.sty</span>, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/xunicode">xunicode</a>, and <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/unicode">ucs</a> use the “text” prefix also for accents.</p> +<p>However, the <a class="reference external" href="http://raw.githubusercontent.com/adobe-type-tools/agl-aglfn/master/aglfn.txt">Adobe Glyph List For New Fonts</a> maps, e.g., “tonos” and +“dieresistonos” to the spacing characters GREEK TONOS and GREEK DIALYTIKA +TONOS, hence <cite>texttonos</cite> and <cite>textdiaresistonos</cite> should be spacing +characters.</p> +</li> +<li><p>textcomp (ts1enc.def) defines <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\capital...</span></span> accents (i.e. without +<span class="docutils literal">text</span> prefix).</p></li> +</ul> +<p>Currently, <cite>greek-fontenc</cite> uses for diacritics:</p> +<ul class="simple"> +<li><p>Greek names like in Unicode, and <span class="docutils literal">ucsencs.def</span>, and</p></li> +<li><p>the prefix <span class="docutils literal">\acc</span> to distinguish the macros as <cite>TextAaccent</cite> and reduce +the risc of name clashes (cf. <span class="docutils literal">\@tabacckludge</span>).</p></li> +</ul> +<p>For the end-user “symbol macros” (<span class="docutils literal">\~ \' \` \" \< \> \"' ...</span>) are +provided. (The non-standard macros <span class="docutils literal">\<</span> and <span class="docutils literal">\></span> only with +<a class="reference internal" href="#textalpha">textalpha</a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#alphabeta">alphabeta</a>.)</p> +</section> +<section id="symbol-variants"> +<h3>symbol variants</h3> +<p>See also <a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_alphabet#Glyph_variants">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_alphabet#Glyph_variants</a></p> +<p>Mathematical notation distinguishes variant shapes for beta (β|ϐ), theta +(θ|ϑ), phi (φ|ϕ), pi (π|ϖ), kappa (κ|ϰ), rho (ρ|ϱ), Theta (Θ|ϴ), and epsilon +(ε|ϵ). The variations have no syntactic meaning in Greek text and Greek +text fonts use the shape variants indiscriminately.</p> +<p>Unicode defines separate code points for the symbol variants for use in +mathematical context. However, they are sometimes also used in place of the +corresponding letter characters in Unicode-encoded text.</p> +<p>The variant shapes are not given separate code-points in the <a class="reference internal" href="#lgr">LGR</a> font +encoding.</p> +<p>In mathematical mode, TeX supports the distinction between θ|ϑ, π|ϖ, φ|ϕ, +ρ|ϱ, and ε|ϵ with <span class="docutils literal">\var<lettername></span> macros. However, the mapping of +letter/symbol in Unicode to “normal”/variant in TeX is inconsistent +and variant macros for ϴ ϐ, and ϰ are not available without additional +packages (e.g. <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/amsfonts">amssymb</a> provides ϰ as <span class="docutils literal">\varkappa</span>).</p> +<p><cite>greek-fontenc</cite> provides <span class="docutils literal">\text<lettername>symbol</span> LICR macros for these +characters:</p> +<ul class="simple"> +<li><p>With Unicode fonts, the macros select the GREEK +<lettername> SYMBOL``.</p></li> +<li><p>With LGR encoded fonts, they report an error by default and are mapped to +the corresponding letter with the <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">normalize-symbols</span></span> option of +<a class="reference internal" href="#textalpha">textalpha</a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#alphabeta">alphabeta</a> (loosing the distinction between the shape +variants).</p></li> +</ul> +</section> +<section id="references"> +<h3>References</h3> +<p>An alternative, more complete set of short mnemonic character names is +the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-entity-names/">XML Entity Definitions for Characters</a> W3C Recommendation from +01 April 2010.</p> +<p>For glyph names of the LGR encoding see, e.g., <span class="docutils literal">CB.enc</span> by Apostolos +Syropoulos and <span class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">xl-lgr.enc</span></span> from the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/libertine-legacy">libertine</a> (legacy) package. +<span class="docutils literal">lgr.cmap</span> provides a mapping to Unicode characters.</p> +<p>A full set of <span class="docutils literal">\text*</span> symbol macros is defined in <span class="docutils literal">ucsencs.def</span> +from the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/unicode">ucs</a> package.</p> +<p>Aliases from <span class="docutils literal">puenc.def</span> ensure that the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/hyperref">hyperref</a> package can convert +Greek text in “LICR encoding” to a PDF-string (utf-8 encoded input is used +as-is).</p> +<dl class="citation"> +<dt class="label" id="fntguide"><span class="brackets"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id6">fntguide</a></span></dt> +<dd><p>LaTeX3 Project Team, <cite>LaTeX2ε font selection</cite>, 2005. +<a class="reference external" href="http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/base/fntguide.pdf">http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/base/fntguide.pdf</a></p> +</dd> +<dt class="label" id="encguide"><span class="brackets"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id12">encguide</a></span></dt> +<dd><p>Frank Mittelbach, Robin Fairbairns, Werner Lemberg, +LaTeX3 Project Team, <cite>LaTeX font encodings</cite>, 2006. +<a class="reference external" href="http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/base/encguide.pdf">http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/base/encguide.pdf</a></p> +</dd> +<dt class="label" id="greek-usage"><span class="brackets"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id13">greek-usage</a></span></dt> +<dd><p>Apostolos Syropoulos, <cite>Writing Greek with the greek option +of the babel package</cite>, 1997. +<a class="reference external" href="http://mirrors.ctan.org/language/babel/contrib/greek/usage.pdf">http://mirrors.ctan.org/language/babel/contrib/greek/usage.pdf</a></p> +</dd> +<dt class="label" id="cbfonts"><span class="brackets"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id15">cbfonts</a></span></dt> +<dd><p>Claudio Beccari, <cite>The CB Greek fonts</cite>, Εὔτυπον, τεῦχος № 21, 2008. +<a class="reference external" href="http://www.eutypon.gr/eutypon/pdf/e2008-21/e21-a01.pdf">http://www.eutypon.gr/eutypon/pdf/e2008-21/e21-a01.pdf</a></p> +</dd> +<dt class="label" id="teubner-doc"><span class="brackets"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id14">teubner-doc</a></span></dt> +<dd><p>Claudio Beccari, <span class="docutils literal">teubner.sty</span> +<cite>An extension to the greek option of the babel package</cite>, 2011. +<a class="reference external" href="http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/teubner/teubner-doc.pdf">http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/teubner/teubner-doc.pdf</a></p> +</dd> +<dt class="label" id="babel-patch"><span class="brackets"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id16">babel-patch</a></span></dt> +<dd><p>Werner Lemberg, <cite>Unicode support for the Greek LGR +encoding</cite> Εὔτυπον, τεῦχος № 20, 2008. +<a class="reference external" href="http://www.eutypon.gr/eutypon/pdf/e2008-20/e20-a03.pdf">http://www.eutypon.gr/eutypon/pdf/e2008-20/e20-a03.pdf</a></p> +</dd> +</dl> +</section> +</section> +</main> +</body> +</html> |