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\section{Installation}
\label{sec:install}

\subsection{Starting the installer}
\label{sec:inst_start}
First, get \TL, \TK{} or the net installer, and locate the installer
script: install-tl for Unix, install-tl.bat for Windows:

\begin{itemize}
\item For the \TK{} \DVD, go to its texlive- or texlive2008
  subdirectory. Under Windows, the installer will probably start
  automatically when you insert the \DVD.
\item The net installer can be downloaded from CTAN, under
  systems/texlive/tlnet. You can choose between install-tl.zip which
  can be used under Unix and Windows and install-unx.tar.gz which is
  Unix-only (including \MacOSX). Unpack it and go to the install-tl
  subdirectory.
\item You can also download an iso image from CTAN. However, even
  the compressed image is about 1 GB in size. So use one of the other
  options unless you have a good reason for preferring the iso
  image. Under most Unices, including Linux and \MacOSX, you can
  mount the image directly. Otherwise, burn the image to a physical
  \DVD\ and mount it. The installer scripts install-tl and
  install-tl.bat will be in the root. Under Windows, the installer
  will probably start automatically when you insert the \DVD.
\end{itemize}

\subsubsection{Unix/Linux}
\noindent
Below, \texttt{>} denotes the shell prompt; user input is
\Ucom{\texttt{underlined}}.
Starting under Unix/Linux from a terminal emulator:

\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{./install-tl}
\end{alltt}
or
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{perl install-tl}
\end{alltt}
if you are in the installer directory, otherwise
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{<path_to_installer>/install-tl}
\end{alltt}
For \GUI\ mode, use
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{./install-tl -gui}
\end{alltt}
For a complete listing of the various options:
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{./install-tl -help}
\end{alltt}

\subsubsection{Windows}

As already noted, the \DVD\ installer will probably start
automatically when you put the \DVD\ in the \DVD-drive. If not, or
if you use the net installer, you can double-click install-tl.bat.

You can also start the installer from the command-prompt:
Below, \texttt{>} denotes the prompt; user input is
\Ucom{\texttt{underlined}}.

\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{install-tl}
\end{alltt}
if you are in the installer directory, otherwise
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{D:\bs{}install-tl}
\end{alltt}
for the downloadable iso, if \texttt{D:} is the optical drive, or
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{D:\bs{}texlive\bs{}install-tl}
\end{alltt}
for the \TK\ \DVD. For text mode, use
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{install-tl -no-gui}
\end{alltt}
For a complete listing of the various options:
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{install-tl -help}
\end{alltt}

\subsubsection{The text installer}

This is the main text mode screen under Unix/Linux:

\begin{verbatim}
======================> TeX Live installation procedure <=====================

=======> Note: Letters/digits in <angle brackets> indicate menu items <=======
=======>       for commands or configurable options                   <=======


 Detected platform: Intel x86 with GNU/Linux

 <B> binary systems: 1 out of 16

 <S> Installation scheme (scheme-full)

 Customizing installation scheme:
   <C> standard collections
   <L> language collections
   83 collections out of 84, disk space required: 1666 MB

 <D> directories:
   TEXDIR (the main TeX directory):
     !! default location: /usr/local/texlive/2008
     !! is not writable, please select a different one!
   TEXMFLOCAL (directory for site-wide local files):
     /usr/local/texlive/texmf-local
   TEXMFSYSVAR (directory for variable and automatically generated data):
     /usr/local/texlive/2008/texmf-var
   TEXMFSYSCONFIG (directory for local config):
     /usr/local/texlive/2008/texmf-config
   TEXMFHOME (directory for user-specific files):
     ~/texmf

 <O> options:
   [ ] use letter size instead of A4 by default
   [X] create all format files
   [X] install macro/font doc tree
   [X] install macro/font source tree
   [ ] create symlinks in standard directories

 <V> Install for running from DVD

Other actions:
 <I> start installation to HD
 <H> help
 <Q> quit

Enter command:
\end{verbatim}

You cannot tab around checkboxes or input fields. You just have to
type something at the prompt and press the Enter key, and then the
entire terminal screen will be rewritten, with adjusted content.

The text installer interface is this primitive for a reason: it
is designed to run on as many platforms as possible, even with a
very barebones Perl (for Windows, a Perl subset is included).

\subsubsection{The graphical installer}

This is what the graphical installer looks like under Windows:

\noindent
%\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{install-w32-main.png}
\tlpng{install-w32-main}{\linewidth}

Most differences in available options are due to
this screenshot being from Windows, and the text screen above being
from Linux.

\subsection{Running the installer}

The installer is mostly self-explanatory. Still, a few quick notes
about the various options and submenus:

\subsubsection{Binary systems menu (Unix/Linux only)}

By default, only the binaries for your current platform will be
installed.  From this menu, you can select installation of binaries
for other architectures as well.  This can be useful if you are
sharing a \TeX\ tree across a network of heterogenous machines, or
for a dual-boot system. This is what the text mode menu looks like:
\begin{verbatim}
Available sets of binaries:
===============================================================================

   a [ ] alpha-linux:     DEC Alpha with GNU/Linux
   b [ ] amd64-freebsd:   x86_64 with FreeBSD
   c [ ] hppa-hpux:       HP-UX
   d [ ] i386-freebsd:    Intel x86 with FreeBSD
   e [X] i386-linux:      Intel x86 with GNU/Linux
   f [ ] i386-openbsd:    Intel x86 with OpenBSD
   g [ ] i386-solaris:    Intel x86 with Sun Solaris
   h [ ] mips-irix:       SGI IRIX
   i [ ] powerpc-aix:     PowerPC with AIX
   j [ ] powerpc-linux:   PowerPC with GNU/Linux
   k [ ] sparc-linux:     Sparc with GNU/Linux
   l [ ] sparc-solaris:   Sparc with Solaris
   m [ ] universal-darwin: universal binaries for MacOSX/Darwin
   o [ ] win32:           Windows
   p [ ] x86_64-linux:    x86_64 with GNU/Linux
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{Selecting what is going to be installed}
From the scheme menu, you can choose an overall set of package
collections.  The default \optname{full} scheme installs everything
available, but you can also choose the \optname{basic} scheme for a
minimal system, or \optname{medium} or \optname{teTeX} to get
something in between.  There are also various specialized and
country-specific schemes.

\begin{verbatim}
Select a scheme:
===============================================================================

 a [ ] TeX Live basic scheme
 b [ ] TeX Live scheme for ConTeXt
 c [X] TeX Live full scheme
 d [ ] GUST TeX Live scheme
 e [ ] GUTenberg TeX Live scheme
 f [ ] TeX Live medium scheme
 g [ ] TeX Live minimal scheme
 h [ ] TeX Live for Omega users
 i [ ] teTeX scheme
 j [ ] XML typesetting scheme
\end{verbatim}

You can refine your selection with the `standard collections' and
`language collections' menus.  Collections are one level more
detailed than schemes\Dash collections consist of one or more
packages, where packages (the lowest level grouping in \TL) contain
the actual \TeX\ macro files, font families, and so on.  In these
submenus, selection letters are case-sensitive\Dash unless you run
the gui installer, where you can simply click checkboxes. See the
screenshot below:

\noindent
\tlpng{stdcoll}{\linewidth}

If you want more detail, you need run the tlmgr program afterwards,
see....  The installer will take care of appropriate configuration
of format generation, hyphenation patterns and font-related matters.

\subsubsection{Directories}

The default layout is described in section~\ref{sec:texmftrees},
\p.\pageref{sec:texmftrees}. The default location of \texttt{TEXDIR}
is different for Windows (\texttt{\%PROGRAMFILES\%\bs texlive\bs
2008}) and for Unix/Linux (\texttt{/usr/local/texlive/2008}).

The main reason for changing the proposed directory structure is
lack of write permissions for the default location. You don't have
to be root or adminstrator to install \TL, but you do need write
access to the target directory.

A logical
alternate choice is under your home directory


\subsection{Installing from source}

As long as your platform has a decent Perl, you will be able to
install everything \emph{except} the binaries. It is probably a good
idea to uncheck the option to create all format files. Afterwards,
unpack source.tar.bzip2 from the source subdirectory and run the
Build script in the root of the unpacked archive. Don't forget to
read the README in the same directory.

\subsection{Starting the installer}

The installer is called
http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/systems/texlive/tlnet/tldev/


As introduced in section~\ref{sec:basic} (\p.\pageref{sec:basic}),
\TL{} has three principal uses:

\begin{enumerate}
\item Run directly from media.
\item Install to disk.
\item Integrate a particular package or collection into your existing
\TeX{} installation.
\end{enumerate}

\noindent The following sections describes the Unix-specific procedures
for each of these.

\ifSingleColumn \begin{figure}[ht]\noindent \fi
\begin{warningbox}
\textbf{Warning: } The \TK{} \CD{}s and \DVD{} are in ISO 9660 (High Sierra)
format, \emph{with} Rock Ridge (and Joliet, for Windows)
extensions. Therefore, in order to take full advantage of the \TK{}
under Unix, your system needs to be able to use the Rock Ridge
extensions.  Please consult the documentation for your \cmdname{mount}
command to see how to do this.  If you have several different machines
on a local network, you may be able to mount the discs on one which
does support Rock Ridge, and use this with the others.

\leavevmode\quad Modern systems should be able to use the discs without
problems.  If troubles, let us know.  The discussion below assumes you
have been able to mount the \CD{}s with full Rock Ridge compatibility.
\end{warningbox}
\ifSingleColumn\end{figure}\fi


% 
\subsection{Portable \protect\TL{} on DVD and USB (Unix)}
\label{sec:portable-unix}

\def\runlive{% text repeated in windows section
It is possible to use the \TeX{} system directly from the \pkgname{live}
\DVD{}, without installing the distribution to hard disk.  (Thus the
name \TeX\ `Live', in fact.)  It is \emph{not} possible to run \TeX{}
directly from the other \CD{}s (see section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist},
\p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}).
}

\def\startinst{% repeated in other subsections
To start, you mount the \CD{} or \DVD{}, with Rock Ridge extensions
enabled.  The exact command to do this varies from system to system; the
following works under \acro{GNU}/Linux, except the name of the device
(\filename{/dev/cdrom}, here) may vary. (All our examples will use
\texttt{>} as the shell prompt; user input is
\Ucom{\texttt{underlined}}.)
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom}
\end{alltt}

\noindent Change the current directory to the mount point:
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{cd /mnt/cdrom}
\end{alltt}

\noindent (Under \MacOSX, the directory is typically under
\dirname{/Volumes}, and the media will be mounted automatically.)

Your \code{umask} at the time of installation will be respected by the
\TL{} installer.  Therefore, if you want your installation to be usable
by users other than you, make sure your setting is sufficiently
permissive, for instance, \code{umask 002}.  For more information about
\code{umask}, consult your system documentation.

}

\runlive
\startinst

Then, in a terminal, run this command:

\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{sh tl-portable.sh}
\end{alltt}

This \filename{tl-portable.sh} script is at the top level of the
distribution.  It starts up a secondary shell with the necessary
environment settings.  When it runs for the first time, some files will
be generated in a directory \dirname{~/.texlive2008}.  On subsequent
runs, though, it will start almost instantaneously.

You can run several parallel \TL{} sessions this way, each in a
different terminal.

You can also use \filename{tl-portable.sh} to run \TL{} on a \acro{USB}
stick.  In this case, copy all the top-level files and the contents of
the \dirname{bin}, \dirname{texmf}, \dirname{texmf-dist}, and
\dirname{tlpkg} directories (at least) to the stick.  A
\dirname{texmf-local} directory on the stick will also be found and
used.  Then run \filename{tl-portable.sh} from the root of the stick, as
above.  In this case, the script will notice that the stick is writable
and use it for generated files.  You could probably burn the resulting contents
of the stick back to \DVD{} if that's more convenient to (for example) give
to others.

\def\textifindoubt{%
If in doubt, please ask any local system gurus to help you with
problems; for example, the way to mount the \TL{} media, which
directory or directories to use, and precise details of the changes to
your personal initialization files can and do vary from site to site.
}



% 
\subsection{Installing \protect\TeX\protect\ Live to disk}
\label{sec:install-disk}

It is possible, indeed typical, to install the \TL{} distribution to
hard disk.  This can be done from either the \pkgname{live} or
\pkgname{inst} distributions.  (See section~\ref{sec:multiple-dist},
\p.\pageref{sec:multiple-dist}, for an explanation of the different
distributions.)

\startinst

Run the installation script \filename{install-tl.sh}:
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh}\\
Welcome to TeX Live...
\end{alltt}

\noindent After various greeting messages and a list of the main menu
options, the installation will ask you to enter a command.  Do this by
typing the desired character and hitting return; don't type the angle
brackets shown.  Either uppercase or lowercase is ok; we'll use
lowercase in our examples.

Table~\ref{tab:main-menu-options} briefly lists the options in the main
menu.  The order in which you select the options makes little
difference, except that \Ucom{i} must be last.  It's reasonable to go
through them in the order presented here.

% apparently here.sty [H] doesn't support table*.
\begin{table}[H]
\caption{Main menu options for the installation.}
\label{tab:main-menu-options}
\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll}
p & The platform you are running on.\\
b & The architectures for which to install binaries.\\
s & The base installation scheme to use (minimal, recommended,
          full, etc.)\\
c & Override the base scheme for individual collections.\\
l & Override for language collections.\\
d & Directories in which to install.\\
o & Other options.\\
i & Perform the installation.\\
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

Here are further details on each option.

% xx really should generate list from texmf/tpm/collection/tex-lang*
% a la install-tl.sh.
\begin{tabbing}
\hspace{.25\linewidth} \=
\hspace{.25\linewidth} \=
\hspace{.25\linewidth} \=
\hspace{.25\linewidth} \kill
(some) African scripts \>
Arabic \>
Armenian \>
Chinese\,Japanese\,Korean \\
Croatian \>
Cyrillic \>
Czech/Slovak \>
Danish \\
Dutch \>
Finnish \>
French \>
German \\
Greek \>
Hebrew \>
Hungarian \>
Indic \\
Italian \>
Latin \>
Manju \>
Mongolian \\
Norwegian \>
Polish \>
Portuguese \>
Spanish \\
Swedish \>
Tibetan \>
\acro{UK} English \>
Vietnamese \\
\end{tabbing}

\noindent Language collections typically include fonts, macros,
hyphenation patterns, and other support files.  (For instance,
\pkgname{frenchle.sty} is installed if you select the \optname{French}
collection.)  In addition, installing a language collection will alter
the \filename{language.dat} configuration file controlling which
hyphenation patterns are loaded.

\textbf{\optname{d} -- Installation directories}.  The following
directories can be changed here:
\label{text:instdir}

\begin{ttdescription}
\item [TEXDIR] The top-level directory under which
everything else will be installed.  The default value is
\dirname{/usr/local/texlive/2007}, and is often changed.  We recommend
including the year in the name, to keep different releases of \TL{}
separate.  (You may wish to make a version-independent name such
\dirname{/usr/local/texlive-cur} via a symbolic link, which you can then
update after testing the new release.)

Under \MacOSX, the usual frontends look for \TeX{} in
\dirname{/usr/local/teTeX}, so you may wish to install \TL{} there.

If you use a \path|~| in this value, it is immediately expanded to your
home directory (and this is reflected in the prompt).  The expanded
value is also used in the custom configuration files written by the
installer.

\item [TEXMFLOCAL] This tree is the recommended location to for any
locally-created or installed packages or configuration files.  The
default value is \dirname{/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local}, independent
of the current \TL{} release.

\item [TEXMFSYSVAR] This tree is where \cmdname{texconfig-sys} puts
files that \emph{are} version-specific.  The default value is
\dirname{TEXDIR/texmf-var}, and there's generally no reason to change
it.  See section~\ref{sec:texconfig}, \p.\pageref{sec:texconfig} for
more information.

\item [TEXMFHOME] This tree is the recommended location for personal
macro files or packages.  The default value is \dirname{~/texmf}.  In
contrast to \dirname{TEXDIR}, here a \path|~| is preserved in the
newly-written configuration files, since it usefully refers to the home
directory of each individual running \TeX.  It expands to
\filename{\$HOME} on Unix and \filename{\%USERPROFILE\%} on Windows.

\end{ttdescription}

\textbf{\optname{o} -- Other options.}  From this menu, you can select
the following general options:

\begin{ttdescription}
\item [a] Specify an alternate directory for generated fonts.
The default is to use the \envname{TEXMFVAR} tree, as explained above.
Setting this is useful if you plan to mount the main tree read-only, and
therefore you need another location (perhaps host-specific) for
dynamically created fonts.

\item [l] Create symbolic links for the binaries, man pages,
and\slash or \acro{GNU} Info files in other locations.  For example, you may
wish to make the man pages available under \dirname{/usr/local/man} and
the Info files available under \dirname{/usr/local/info}.  (Of course
you need appropriate privileges to write in the specified directories.)

It is not advisable to overwrite a \TeX\ system that came with your
system with this option.  It's intended primarily for creating the links
in standard directories that are known to users, such as
\dirname{/usr/local/bin}, which don't already contain any \TeX\ files.

\item [d] Skip installation of the font/macro documentation tree.
This is useful if you need to save space, or if you've previously
installed the documentation elsewhere.

\item [s] Skip installation of the main font/macro source
tree.  This is useful if you are arranging to share that tree between
machines and\slash or architectures in some other way, such as \acro{NFS}.

\end{ttdescription}

\textbf{i -- Perform installation.}  When you're satisfied with your
configuration options, enter \Ucom{i} to actually do the installation
from the media to your chosen locations.

% text is similar to above, but no TEXMFSYSVAR, so we have to write out.
After the installation completes, your next step is to include the
architecture-specific subdirectory of \dirname{TEXDIR/bin} in your
\envname{PATH}, so the newly-installed programs can be found.  The
architecture names are listed in table~\ref{tab:archlist},
\p.\pageref{tab:archlist}, or you can simply list the directory
\dirname{TEXDIR/bin}.

The syntax for doing this, and the initialization file to use, depends
on your shell.  If you use a Bourne-compatible shell (\cmdname{sh},
\cmdname{bash}, \cmdname{ksh}, et al.), put the following into your
\filename{$HOME/.profile} file:

\begin{alltt}
PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2007/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH; export PATH
\end{alltt}

\noindent For C shell-compatible shells (\cmdname{csh}, \cmdname{tcsh}),
put the following into your \filename{$HOME/.cshrc} file:
\begin{alltt}
setenv PATH /usr/local/texlive/2007/bin/\var{archname}:$PATH
\end{alltt}

After the main installation has completed, and environment variables
have been set, the last step is to run \cmdname{texconfig} or
\cmdname{texconfig-sys} to customize your installation to your needs.
This is explained in section~\ref{sec:texconfig},
\p.\pageref{sec:texconfig}.

Here is a minimal annotated example which accepts the default
directories and installs binaries for the current system only.  Thus,
only one command is needed, \Ucom{i} for install.  The \texttt{>} is the
shell prompt as usual.

\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{sh install-tl.sh}
\Ucom{i}                         # perform installation
> \Ucom{texconfig} ...           # see section \ref{sec:texconfig}
# New PATH element, with GNU/Linux as the example:
> \Ucom{PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2007/bin/i386-linux:\$PATH; export PATH}
\end{alltt}

If your Unix system supports the \cmdname{manpath} command (type \code{man
manpath} to learn more), you can make the \TL\ manual pages available
system-wide via the normal \cmdname{man} command by editing the file
\filename{/etc/manpath.config}; you might need root permissions for this.
With the following entry in \filename{/etc/manpath.config} the \TL\
manual pages will be found at their original places within the \TL\ tree
(adapt the binary path for your system architecture):

\begin{verbatim}
MANPATH_MAP /usr/local/texlive/2007/bin/i386-linux \
            /usr/local/texlive/2007/texmf/doc/man
\end{verbatim}

\textifindoubt

\begin{table*}[ht]
\caption[Supported system architectures.]{Supported system
architectures.}
\label{tab:archlist}
\begin{tabular}{>{\ttfamily}ll}
alpha-linux	   & HP Alpha GNU/Linux   \\
hppa-hpux          & HPPA HP-UX	  \\
i386-darwin        & x86 \MacOSX    \\
i386-freebsd       & x86 FreeBSD    \\
i386-linux         & x86 GNU/Linux  \\
i386-openbsd       & x86 OpenBSD   \\
i386-solaris       & x86 Solaris    \\
mips-irix          & SGI IRIX             \\
powerpc-aix        & IBM RS/6000 AIX      \\
powerpc-darwin     & PowerPC \MacOSX      \\
powerpc-linux      & PowerPC GNU/Linux      \\
sparc-linux        & Sun Sparc GNU/Linux  \\
sparc-solaris      & Sun Sparc Solaris    \\
win32		   & Windows (32-bit)     \\
x86\_64-linux      & x86 64-bit GNU/Linux \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table*}


\subsubsection{Non-interactive installation}
\label{sec:noninteractive-install}

It is possible to override the default directories with environment
variables, and then install non-interactively.  Example:
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{TEXLIVE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/texlive}
> \Ucom{export TEXLIVE_INSTALL_PREFIX}
> \Ucom{echo i | sh install-tl.sh}
\end{alltt}

The \envname{TEXLIVE\_INSTALL\_PREFIX} variable overrides the default
location of \dirname{/usr/local/texlive}, leaving all else
unchanged---so with the above invocation, the main installation will go
to \dirname{/opt/texlive/2007}.

In the usual Unix way, the final \Ucom{echo i} can be replaced by any
sequence of input commands via a here document, so any sequence of
commands can be scripted.

Here are all the possible overrides:

\begin{ttdescription}
\item [TEXLIVE\_INSTALL\_PREFIX]
      Override \dirname{/usr/local/texlive}.
\item [TEXLIVE\_INSTALL\_TEXDIR]
      Override \dirname{\$TEXLIVE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/2007.
\item [TEXLIVE\_INSTALL\_TEXMFLOCAL]
      Override \dirname{\$TEXLIVE_INSTALL_PREFIX/texmf-var}.
\item [TEXLIVE\_INSTALL\_TEXMFSYSVAR]
      Override \dirname{\$TEXLIVE_INSTALL_TEXDIR/texmf-var}.
\item [TEXLIVE\_INSTALL\_TEXMFHOME]
      Override \dirname{\$HOME/texmf}.
\end{ttdescription}

It would be better to support a standard \acro{GNU}-style
\filename{configure} with options, instead of these environment
variables.  Volunteers are welcome!

\subsection{Testing the installation}
\label{sec:test-install}

After installing \TL{} as best you can, you naturally want to test
it out, so you can start creating beautiful documents and\slash or fonts.

This section gives some basic procedures for testing that the new system
is functional.  We give Unix commands; under \MacOSX{} and Windows,
you're more likely to run the tests through a graphical interface, but
the principles are the same.

\begin{enumerate}

\item Make sure that you can run the \cmdname{tex} program in the first
place:

\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{tex -{}-version}
TeX 3.141592 (Web2C 7.5.5)
kpathsea version 3.5.5
...
\end{alltt}
If this comes back with `command not found' instead of version and
copyright information, most likely you don't have the correct
\dirname{bin} subdirectory in your \envname{PATH}.  See
the environment-setting information on \p.\pageref{text:path}.

\item Process a basic \LaTeX{} file:
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{latex sample2e.tex}
This is pdfeTeXk, Version 3.141592...
...
Output written on sample2e.dvi (3 pages, 7496 bytes).
Transcript written on sample2e.log.
\end{alltt}
If this fails to find \filename{sample2e.tex} or other files, perhaps
you have interference from old environment variables or configuration
files.  For a deep analysis, you can always ask \TeX{} to report on
exactly what it is searching for, and finding; see ``Debugging actions''
on page~\pageref{Debugging}.

\item Preview the result online:
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{xdvi sample2e.dvi}
\end{alltt}
(Under Windows, the analogous command is \cmdname{dviout}.)  You should
see a new window with a nice document explaining some of the basics of
\LaTeX{}.  (Well worth reading, by the way if you're new to the system.)
You do have to be running under X for \cmdname{xdvi} to work; if you're
not, or your \envname{DISPLAY} environment variable is set incorrectly,
you'll get an error \samp{Can't open display}.

\item Create a \PS{} file for printing or display:
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{dvips sample2e.dvi -o sample2e.ps}
\end{alltt}

\item Create a \acro{PDF} file instead of \dvi{}; this processes the
\filename{.tex} file and writes \acro{PDF} directly:
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{pdflatex sample2e.tex}
\end{alltt}

\item Preview the \acro{PDF} file:
\begin{alltt}
> \Ucom{gv sample2e.pdf}
\textrm{or:}
> \Ucom{xpdf sample2e.pdf}
\end{alltt}
Unfortunately neither \cmdname{gv} nor \cmdname{xpdf} are currently
included in \TL{}, so you must install them separately.  See
\url{http://www.gnu.org/software/gv} and
\url{http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf}, respectively.

\item Other standard test files you may find useful:

\begin{ttdescription}
\item [small2e.tex] A simpler document than \filename{sample2e}, to
reduce the input size if you're having troubles.
\item [testpage.tex] Test if your printer introduces any offsets.
\item [nfssfont.tex] For printing font tables and tests.
\item [testfont.tex] Also for font tables, but using plain \TeX{}.
\item [story.tex] The most canonical (plain) \TeX{} test file of all.
You must type \samp{\bs bye} to the \code{*} prompt after \samp{tex
story.tex}.
\end{ttdescription}
You can process these in the same way as we did with
\filename{sample2e.tex}.

\end{enumerate}

If you are new to \TeX{}, or otherwise need help with actually
constructing \TeX{} or \LaTeX{} documents, please visit
\url{http://tug.org/begin.html} for some introductory resources.


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