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|
%D \module
%D [ file=supp-fun,
%D version=1995.10.10,
%D title=\CONTEXT\ Support Macros,
%D subtitle=Fun Stuff,
%D author=Hans Hagen,
%D date=\currentdate,
%D copyright={PRAGMA ADE \& \CONTEXT\ Development Team}]
%C
%C This module is part of the \CONTEXT\ macro||package and is
%C therefore copyrighted by \PRAGMA. See mreadme.pdf for
%C details.
\unprotect
%D This module implements some typographics tricks that can
%D be fun when designing document layouts. The examples use
%D macros that are typical to \CONTEXT, but non \CONTEXT\
%D users can use the drop caps and first line treatment
%D macros without problems. This module will be extended
%D when the need for more of such tricks arises.
\ifx \undefined \writestatus \input supp-mis.tex \relax \fi
\writestatus{loading}{ConTeXt Support Macros / Fun Stuff}
\ifx\definefont\undefined
\def\definedfont[#1]{\font\temp#1\relax\temp}
\fi
%D \macros
%D {DroppedCaps, DroppedString, DroppedIndent, DroppedLines}
%D
%D \startbuffer
%D \DroppedCaps
%D {\color[green]} {cmbx12}
%D {2.2\baselineskip} {2pt} {\baselineskip} {2}
%D Let's start
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \getbuffer with dropped caps, those blown up first
%D characters of a paragraph. It's hard to implement a general
%D mechanism that suits all situations, but dropped caps are so
%D seldomly used that we can permit ourselves a rather user
%D unfriendly implementation.
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D As we will see, there are 7 different settings involved. The
%D first argument takes a command that is used to do whatever
%D fancy things we want to do, but normally this one will be
%D empty. The second argument takes the font. Because we're
%D dealing with something very typographic, there is no real
%D reason to adopt complicated font switching schemes, a mere
%D name will do. Font encodings can bring no harm, because the
%D alphanumeric characters are nearly always located at their
%D natural position in the encoding vector.
%D
%D \startbuffer
%D \DroppedCaps
%D {\color[red]} {cmbx12}
%D {\baselineskip} {0pt} {0pt} {1}
%D This simple
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \getbuffer case shows us what happens when we apply minimal
%D values. Here we used:
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D \startbuffer
%D \DroppedCaps
%D {\color[red]} {cmbx12}
%D {2\baselineskip} {0pt} {\baselineskip} {2}
%D Is this ugly
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \getbuffer example the third argument tells
%D this macro that we want a dropped capital scaled to the
%D baseline distance. The two zero point arguments are the
%D horizontal and vertical offsets and the last arguments
%D determines the hanging indentation. In this paragraph we
%D set the height to two times the baselinedistance and use
%D two hanging lines:
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D Here, the first character is moved down one baseline. Here
%D we also see why the horizontal offset is important. The
%D first example (showing the~L) sets this to a few points and
%D also used a slightly larger height.
%D
%D Of course common users (typist) are not supposed to see this
%D kind of fuzzy definitions, but fortunately \TEX\ permits us
%D to hide them in macros. Using a macro also enables us to
%D garantee consistency throughout the document:
%D
%D \startbuffer
%D \def\MyDroppedCaps%
%D {\DroppedCaps
%D {\color[green]} {cmbx12}
%D {5\baselineskip} {3pt} {3\baselineskip} {4}}
%D
%D \MyDroppedCaps The implementation
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D \getbuffer of the general macro is rather simple and only
%D depends on the arguments given and the dimensions of the
%D strut box. We explicitly load the font, which is no problem
%D because \TEX\ does not load a font twice. We could have
%D combined some arguments, like the height, vertical offset
%D and the number of lines, but the current implementation
%D proved to be the most flexible. One should be aware of the
%D fact that the offsets depend on the design of the glyphs
%D used.
\let\DroppedIndent\!!zeropoint \def\DroppedLines{0}
\def\DroppedString{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}
\let\globaldropcaps\global % will be an option, but on by default
\def\localdropcaps{\let\globaldropcaps\relax}
\chardef\DroppedStatus = 0 % 0=done 1=starting 2=doing 3=error
\chardef\DropMode = 0 % 1 == marginhang
\ifx\keeplinestogether\undefined
\let\keeplinestogether\gobbleoneargument
\fi
\def\DroppedCaps#1#2#3#4#5#6#7% does not yet handle accented chars
{\defconvertedargument\asciia{#7}%
\defconvertedcommand \asciib{\DroppedString}%
\ExpandBothAfter\doifinstringelse\asciia\asciib
{\noindentation
\dontleavehmode
\checkindentation % redo this one
%\ifhmode\hskip-\parindent\fi % sensitive for context mechanism
\keeplinestogether{#6}%
\setbox0\hbox{\definedfont[#2 at #3]#1{#7}\hskip#4}%
\ifdim\dp0>\strutdp % one of those Q's , will be option
\setbox2\hbox{\raise\dp0\hbox{\lower\strutdp\copy0}}%
\ht2\ht0
\dp0\strutdp
\setbox0\box2
\fi
\setbox0\hbox
{\ifnum\DropMode=\plusone
\hskip-\wd0\wd0\zeropoint
\fi
\lower#5\box0}%
\ht0\strutht
\dp0\strutdp
\ifnum\DropMode=\plusone
\globaldropcaps\let\DroppedIndent\!!zeropoint
\globaldropcaps\edef\DroppedLines{\number\maxdimen}%
\globaldropcaps\chardef\DroppedStatus\plusthree
\else
\globaldropcaps\edef\DroppedIndent{\the\wd0}%
\globaldropcaps\edef\DroppedLines {\number#6}%
\globaldropcaps\chardef\DroppedStatus\plustwo
\globaldropcaps\hangindent\DroppedIndent
\globaldropcaps\hangafter-\DroppedLines
% \noindent
\noindentation
\checkindentation % redo this one
\hskip-\DroppedIndent
\fi
\vbox{\forgetall\box0}%
\nobreak
\let\next\ignorespaces} % Could be a one character word !
{\globaldropcaps\let\DroppedIndent\!!zeropoint
\globaldropcaps\edef\DroppedLines{\number\maxdimen}%
\globaldropcaps\chardef\DroppedStatus\plusthree
\def\next{#7}}%
\let\globaldropcaps\global
\next}
%D Before we go to the next topic, we summarize this command:
%D
%D \starttyping
%D \DroppedCaps
%D {command} {font}
%D {height} {hoffset} {voffset} {lines}
%D \stoptyping
%D
%D Sometimes you need to make sure that the global settings are
%D kept local, as in:
%D
% %D \startbuffer
% %D \defineparagraphs[SomePar][n=2,rule=on]
% %D \setupparagraphs [SomePar][1][width=.5\textwidth]
% %D \setupparagraphs [SomePar][2][width=.5\textwidth]
%D \startbuffer
%D \defineparagraphs[SomePar][n=2,rule=on]
%D \setupparagraphs [SomePar][1][width=.5\textwidth]
%D \setupparagraphs [SomePar][2][width=.5\textwidth]
%D
%D \startSomePar
%D \localdropcaps\NiceDroppedCaps{}{cmr12}{0pt}{2}Here we need
%D to explicitly keep the hanging indentation local, like it or
%D not.
%D \SomePar
%D \localdropcaps\NiceDroppedCaps{}{cmr12}{0pt}{2}Here we need
%D to explicitly keep the hanging indentation local, like it or
%D not.
%D \stopSomePar
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \typebuffer \getbuffer
%D \macros
%D {AutoDroppedCaps, CheckDroppedCaps}
%D
%D {\em To be documented.}
% example usage
%
% \def\bpar{\ifvmode\CheckDroppedCaps\fi}
% \def\epar{\ifhmode\par\fi\CheckDroppedCaps}
\newcount\lastprevgraf
\newcount\droppedlines
\def\CheckDroppedCaps
{\global\lastprevgraf\prevgraf}
\def\AutoDroppedCaps % will be proper core stuff since it
{\globaldropcaps\chardef\DroppedStatus\plusone
\global\lastprevgraf\zerocount
\global\droppedlines\zerocount
\EveryPar{\doAutoDroppedCaps}}
\let\AutoDroppedNext\relax
\ifx\AutoDroppedCapsCommand\undefined
\def\AutoDroppedCapsCommand{\NiceDroppedCaps{}{SerifBold}{.125em}{3}}
\fi
\def\doAutoDroppedCaps
{\ifcase\DroppedStatus % done
\let\next\relax
\or % starting
% \ifnum\lastprevgraf>0 % tricky, probably a wrong par
% \globaldropcaps\chardef\DroppedStatus=3 % and inhibits dropped
% \let\next\relax % caps after titles and more than once
% \else % so let's nill this rubishly code fragment
\let\next\AutoDroppedCapsCommand
% \fi % and hope for the best
\or % doing
\global\advance\droppedlines \lastprevgraf
\ifnum\droppedlines=\zerocount
\globaldropcaps\chardef\DroppedStatus\zerocount
\let\next\relax
\else\ifnum\droppedlines>\zerocount
\ifnum\droppedlines<\DroppedLines\relax
\globaldropcaps\hangindent\DroppedIndent
\globaldropcaps\hangafter-\DroppedLines
\globaldropcaps\advance\hangafter \droppedlines
\hskip-\parindent % brrr
\let\next\AutoDroppedNext
\else
\globaldropcaps\chardef\DroppedStatus\zerocount
\let\next\relax
\fi
\else
\globaldropcaps\chardef\DroppedStatus\zerocount
\let\next\relax
\fi\fi
\or % error
\globaldropcaps\chardef\DroppedStatus\zerocount
\let\next\relax
\fi
\next}
%D \macros
%D {LineDroppedCaps, NiceDroppedCaps}
%D
%D To save definitions, we also provide:
%D
%D \starttyping
%D \LineDroppedCaps {command} {font} {hoffset} {lines}
%D \NiceDroppedCaps {command} {font} {hoffset} {lines}
%D \stoptyping
%D
%D The first command scales the font to the exact height, while
%D the second command scales the font to a nice 2.5 times the
%D line height, a value that gives a pleasant grayness.
\def\DoLineDroppedCaps#1#2#3#4#5% compensation command font offset lines
{\scratchcounter#5%
\advance\scratchcounter \minusone
\scratchdimen\scratchcounter\baselineskip
\advance\scratchdimen #1%
\NormalizeFontHeight\DummyFont{W}\scratchdimen{#3}%
\DroppedCaps{#2}{#3}\TheNormalizedFontSize{#4}
{\scratchcounter\baselineskip}{#5}}
\def\LineDroppedCaps% command font offset lines
{\DoLineDroppedCaps{\strutht}}
\def\NiceDroppedCaps% command font offset lines
{\DoLineDroppedCaps{.5\baselineskip}}
%D \macros
%D {TreatFirstLine}
%D
%D \startbuffer
%D \TreatFirstLine {\sc} {} {} {}
%D Instead of limiting its action to one token, the next macro
%D treats the whole first line. This paragraph was typeset by
%D saying:
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \getbuffer
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D \startbuffer
%D \TreatFirstLine {\startcolor[red]\bf} {\stopcolor} {} {}
%D The combined color and font effect is also possible,
%D although one must be careful in using macros that accumulate
%D grouping, but the commands used here are pretty save in that
%D respect.
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \getbuffer
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D Before we explain the third and fourth argument, we show the
%D implementation. Those who know a bit about the way \TEX\
%D treats tokens, will probably see in one glance that this
%D alternative works all right for most text||only situations
%D in which there is enough text available for the first line,
%D but that more complicated things will blow. One has to live
%D with that. A workaround is rather trivial but obscures the
%D principles used.
\def\TreatFirstLine#1#2#3#4% before, after, first, next
{\leavevmode
\bgroup
\forgetall
\bgroup
#1%
\setbox0\emptybox
\setbox2\emptybox
\def\grabfirstline##1 %
{\setbox2\hbox
{\ifvoid0
{#3{\ignorespaces##1}}%
\else
\unhcopy0\ {#4{##1}}%
\fi}%
\ifdim\wd2=\zeropoint
\setbox0\emptybox
\setbox2\emptybox
\@EA\grabfirstline
\else\ifdim\wd2>\hsize
\hbox to \hsize{\strut\unhbox0}#2\egroup
\break##1\
\egroup
\else
\setbox0\box2
\@EAEAEA\grabfirstline
\fi\fi}%
\grabfirstline}
%D \startbuffer
%D \gdef\FunnyCommand
%D {\getrandomfloat\FunnyR{0}{1}%
%D \getrandomfloat\FunnyG{0}{1}%
%D \getrandomfloat\FunnyB{0}{1}%
%D \definecolor[FunnyColor][r=\FunnyR,g=\FunnyG,b=\FunnyB]%
%D \color[FunnyColor]}
%D
%D %\TreatFirstLine {\bf} {} {\FunnyCommand} {\FunnyCommand}
%D The third and fourth argument can be used to gain special
%D effects on the individual words. Of course one needs ...
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \getbuffer
%D to know a bit more about the macro package used to get real
%D nice effects, but this example probably demonstrates the
%D principles well.
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D Like in dropped caps case, one can hide such treatments in a
%D macro, like:
%D
%D \starttyping
%D \def\MyTreatFirstLine%
%D {\TreatFirstLine{\bf}{}{\FunnyCommand}{\FunnyCommand}}
%D \stoptyping
%D \macros
%D {reshapebox}
%D
%D \startbuffer
%D \beginofshapebox
%D When using \CONTEXT, one can also apply this funny command
%D to whole lines by using the reshape mechanism. Describing
%D this interesting mechanism falls outside the scope of this
%D module, so we only show the trick. This is an example of
%D low level \CONTEXT\ functionality: it's all there, and it's
%D stable, but not entirely meant for novice users.
%D \endofshapebox
%D
%D \reshapebox{\FunnyCommand{\box\shapebox}} \flushshapebox
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \getbuffer
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D This mechanism permits hyphenation and therefore gives
%D better results than the previously discussed macro
%D \type{\TreatFirstLine}.
%D \macros
%D {TreatFirstCharacter}
%D
%D \startbuffer
%D \TreatFirstCharacter{\bf\color[green]} Just to be
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \getbuffer complete we also offer a very simple one
%D character alternative, that is not that hard to understand:
\def\TreatFirstCharacter#1#2% command, character
{{#1{#2}}}
%D A previous paragraph started with:
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D \macros
%D {StackCharacters}
%D
%D The next hack deals with vertical stacking.
\def\StackCharacters#1#2#3#4% sequence vsize vskip command
{\vbox #2
{\forgetall
\baselineskip\zeropoint
\def\StackCharacter##1{#4{##1}\cr\noalign{#3}}%
\halign
{\hss##\hss&##\cr
\handletokens#1\with\StackCharacter\cr}}}
%D \startbuffer
%D \StackCharacters{CONTEXT}{}{\vskip.2ex}{\FunnyCommand}
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D Such a stack looks like:
%D
%D \startlinecorrection
%D \hbox to \hsize
%D {$\hss\bfd
%D \vcenter{\StackCharacters{TEX} {}{\vskip.2ex}{\FunnyCommand}}%
%D \hss
%D \vcenter{\StackCharacters{CON} {}{\vskip.2ex}{\FunnyCommand}}
%D \hss
%D \vcenter{\StackCharacters{TEXT} {}{\vskip.2ex}{\FunnyCommand}}
%D \hss
%D \vcenter{\StackCharacters{CONTEXT}{}{\vskip.2ex}{\FunnyCommand}}
%D \hss$}
%D \stoplinecorrection
%D
%D and is typeset by saying:
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D An alternative would have been
%D
%D \starttyping
%D \StackCharacters {CONTEXT} {to 5cm} {\vfill} {\FunnyCommand}
%D \stoptyping
%D \macros
%D {processtokens}
%D
%D At a lower level horizontal and vertical manipulations are
%D already supported by:
%D
%D \starttyping
%D \processtokens {begin} {between} {end} {space} {text}
%D \stoptyping
%D
%D \startbuffer[a]
%D \processtokens
%D {\hbox to .5\hsize\bgroup} {\hfill}
%D {\egroup} {\space} {LET'S HAVE}
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \startbuffer[b]
%D \processtokens
%D {\vbox\bgroup\raggedcenter\hsize1em}
%D {\vskip.25ex} {\egroup} {\strut} {FUN}
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D This macro is able to typeset:
%D
%D \leavevmode\hbox to \hsize
%D {$\hfil\hfil
%D \vcenter{\bf\getbuffer[a]}%
%D \hfil
%D \vcenter{\bfd\getbuffer[b]}%
%D \hfil\hfil$}
%D
%D which was specified as:
%D
%D \typebuffer[a]
%D \typebuffer[b]
%D \macros
%D {NormalizeFontHeight, NormalizeFontWidth,
%D TheNormalizedFontSize}
%D
%D Next we introduce some font manipulation macros. When we
%D want to typeset some text spread in a well defined area, it
%D can be considered bad practice to manipulate character and
%D word spacing. In such situations the next few macros can be
%D of help:
%D
%D \starttyping
%D \NormalizeFontHeight \name {sample text} {height} {font}
%D \NormalizeFontWidth \name {sample text} {width} {font}
%D \stoptyping
%D
%D These are implemented using an auxilliary macro:
\def\NormalizeFontHeight{\NormalizeFontSize\ht}
\def\NormalizeFontWidth {\NormalizeFontSize\wd}
% \def\NormalizeFontSize#1#2#3#4#5%
% {\bgroup
% \dimen0=#4% #4 can be \ht0 or so
% \setbox0\hbox{\definedfont[#5 at 10pt]#3}%
% \ifdim\wd0>\zeropoint
% \dimen2=#10 % #1 is \wd or \ht
% \dimen4=10000pt
% \divide\dimen4 \dimen2
% \divide\dimen0 \plusthousand
% \dimen0=\number\dimen4\dimen0
% \xdef\TheNormalizedFontSize{\the\dimen0}%
% \else
% \dimen0\bodyfontsize
% \fi
% \definedfont[#5 at \the\dimen0]%
% \expandafter
% \egroup
% \expandafter\font\expandafter#2\fontname\font\relax}
%
% the familiar struggle with accuracy forces us to use:
\def\NormalizeFontSize#1#2#3#4#5%
{\bgroup
\dimen0=#4% #4 can be \ht0 or so
\setbox0\hbox{\definedfont[#5 at 5pt]#3}% 10pt
\ifdim\wd0>\zeropoint
\dimen2=#10 % #1 is \wd or \ht
\dimen4=\maxdimen % 10000pt
\divide\dimen4 \dimen2
\divide\dimen0 1638 % 1000
\dimen0=\number\dimen4\dimen0
\divide \dimen0 \plustwo % ...
\xdef\TheNormalizedFontSize{\the\dimen0}%
\else
\dimen0\bodyfontsize
\fi
% mkii
% \definedfont[#5 at \the\dimen0]%
% \expandafter
% \egroup
% \expandafter\font\expandafter#2\fontname\font\relax}
% mkiv safe (file: prefix etc)
\expanded{\egroup\def\noexpand#2{\definedfont[#5 at \the\dimen0]}}}
%D Afterwards, we have access to the calculated size by:
\let\TheNormalizedFontSize\!!zeropoint
%D Extra:
\def\WidthSpanningText#1#2#3% text width font
{\hbox{\NormalizeFontWidth\temp{#1}{#2}{#3}\temp\the\everydefinedfont#1}}
%D Consider for instance:
%D
%D \startbuffer
%D \NormalizeFontHeight \tmp {X} {2\baselineskip} {cmr10}
%D
%D {\tmp To Be Or Not To Be}
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D This shows up as (we also show the baselines):
%D
%D {\showbaselines\getbuffer}
%D
%D The horizontal counterpart is:
%D
%D \startbuffer
%D \NormalizeFontWidth \tmp {This Line Fits} {\hsize} {cmr10}
%D
%D \hbox{\tmp This Line Fits}
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D The calculated font scale is avaliable in the macro
%D \type{\NormalizedFontSize}.
%D
%D \startlinecorrection
%D \ruledhbox{\getbuffer}
%D \stoplinecorrection
%D
%D One can of course combine these macros with the ones
%D described earlier, like in:
%D
%D \starttyping
%D \NormalizeFontHeight {text} \DroppedFont {2\baselineskip} {cmbx12}
%D
%D \def\NicelyDroppedCaps
%D {\DroppedCaps
%D {\color[green]}
%D {\DroppedFont}
%D {2pt}
%D {\baselineskip}
%D {2}}
%D \stoptyping
%D
%D It's up to the reader to test this one.
\unexpanded\def\FirstNCharacters#1#2% \FirstNCharacters{3}{fr{\"o}beln}
{\bgroup
\scratchcounter\zerocount
\def\docommand##1%
{\ifnum\scratchcounter=#1\else
##1\relax % catches ##1 = \"e and alike
\advance\scratchcounter\plusone
\fi}
\handletokens#2\with\docommand
\egroup}
%D \macros
%D {FittingText}
%D
%D First used in Pascal (demo-bbv):
%D
%D \startbuffer
%D \ruledvbox{\FittingText{3cm}{1cm}{Serif}{24pt}{1pt}{1}
%D {\veryraggedright
%D \hangindent1em\hangafter1\relax
%D \begstrut \dorecurse{8}{Bram Marta }\unskip \endstrut}}
%D
%D \ruledvbox{\FittingText{3cm}{1cm}{Serif}{24pt}{1pt}{1}
%D {\raggedleft\begstrut Bram\\Marta \unskip\endstrut}}
%D \stopbuffer
%D
%D \typebuffer
%D
%D \startlinecorrection
%D \getbuffer
%D \stoplinecorrection
% #1 width #2 height #3 font #4 size #5 step #6 interlinie #7 text
\long\def\FittingText#1#2#3#4#5#6#7%
{\bgroup
\forgetall
\dontcomplain
\setuptolerance[\v!verytolerant]% == \tolerance4500
\hsize#1%
\def\\{\softbreak}%
\!!heighta#4%
\!!heightb#2%
\doloop
{\ifdim\!!heighta>\onepoint
\expanded{\definefont[\s!dummy][#3 at \the\!!heighta][\c!interlinespace=#6]}%
\getvalue\s!dummy
\setbox\scratchbox\vbox{#7\endgraf}%
\ifdim\ht\scratchbox>\!!heightb
\advance\!!heighta-#5%
\else
\beginshapebox
\unvcopy\scratchbox
\endshapebox
\global\dimen1\hsize
\reshapebox
{\setbox\shapebox\hbox{\unhbox\shapebox}%
\ifdim\wd\shapebox>\dimen1
\global\dimen1\wd\shapebox
\fi}%
\ifdim\dimen1>\hsize
\advance\!!heighta-#5%
\else
\exitloop
\fi
\fi
\else
\exitloop
\fi}%
%\writestatus{\strippedcsname\FittingText}{height: \the\!!heighta}%
\unvbox\scratchbox
\egroup}
%D New:
% \font width gap font spec text
\def\NormalizeFontWidthSpread#1#2#3#4#5#6%
{\global\setfalse\NFSpread
\scratchdimen#3%
\scratchdimen-.5\scratchdimen
\advance\scratchdimen#2\relax
\NormalizeFontWidth
#1%
{\def\+{\global\settrue\NFSpread\gobbleuntil\relax}%
\def\\{\gobbleuntil\relax}% newline
\setupspacing
#6\relax}%
{\scratchdimen}%
{#4}%
\ifconditional\NFSpread
% de gap valt in de binding
\else
\definefont[\strippedcsname#1][#4 #5]%
\fi}
\def\SpreadGapText#1#2%
{{\def\+{\kern#1}#2}}
\def\GapText#1#2#3#4#5% width distance font spec title
{\bgroup
\NormalizeFontWidthSpread\DummyFont{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}%
\DummyFont\setupspacing\SpreadGapText{#2}{#5}\endgraf
\egroup}
\protect \endinput
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