%    Copyright (C) 2000, 2001 Aladdin Enterprises.  All rights reserved.
% 
% This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
% under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
% Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
% option) any later version.
%
% This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
% WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General
% Public License for more details.
%
% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
% with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
% 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA, 02111-1307.

% $Id: pdfopt.ps,v 1.10.2.2.2.1 2003/04/12 14:02:39 giles Exp $
% PDF linearizer ("optimizer").

.currentglobal true .setglobal
/pdfoptdict 200 dict def
pdfoptdict begin

% This linearizer is designed for simplicity, not for performance.
% See the main program (the last procedure in the file) for comments
% describing the main processing sequence.

% ---------------- Utilities ---------------- %

% ------ Data structures ------ %

% Distinguish dictionaries, arrays, and everything else.
/ifdaelse {		% <obj> <dictproc> <arrayproc> <otherproc> ifdaelse -
  3 index type dup /dicttype eq {
    pop pop pop
  } {
    dup /arraytype ne exch /packedarraytype ne and {
      exch
    } if pop exch pop
  } ifelse exec
} bind def

% Implement dynamically growable arrays using a dictionary.
/darray {		% <size> darray <darray>
  dict
} bind def
/dadd {			% <darray> <value> dadd -
  1 index length exch put
} bind def
/daforall {		% <darray> <proc> daforall -
  /exch cvx /get cvx 3 -1 roll /exec cvx 5 packedarray cvx
  0 1 2 index 0 get length 1 sub 4 -1 roll for
} bind def
/dacontents {		% <darray> dacontents <array>
  [ exch { } daforall ]
} bind def
/dacontstring {		% <darray> dacontstring <string>
  0 1 index { exch pop length add } forall string
  dup /NullEncode filter
			% Stack: darray str filter
  3 -1 roll { 1 index exch writestring } daforall
  closefile
} bind def

% Force an object, mapping it if it is a reference.
/omforcenew {		% <obj> omforce <obj'> <notseen>
  dup oforce 2 copy eq { pop true } { exch 0 get omapnew exch pop } ifelse
} bind def
/omforce {		% <obj> omforce <obj'>
  omforcenew pop
} bind def
/omget {		% <dict|array> <key> omget <obj>
  get omforce
} bind def
% Visit an entire tree.
/omvisit {		% <obj> omvisit -
  omforcenew {
    { { omvisit omvisit } forall }
    { { omvisit } forall }
    { pop }
    ifdaelse
  } {
    pop
  } ifelse
} bind def
% Visit a tree, stopping at references to Page objects.
% (This is only needed for the OpenAction in the Catalog.)
/omvisitnopage {	% <obj> omvisitnopage -
  dup oforce dup type /dicttype eq {
    /Type .knownget { /Page eq } { false } ifelse
  } {
    pop false
  } ifelse {
    pop		% Page reference
  } {
    omforcenew {
      { { omvisitnopage omvisitnopage } forall }
      { { omvisitnopage } forall }
      { pop }
      ifdaelse
    } {
      pop
    } ifelse
  } ifelse
} bind def

% Collect the list of currently mapped object numbers, in order.
/omapped {		% - omapped <obj#s>
  RMap length array RMap {
    2 index 3 1 roll 1 sub exch put
  } forall
} bind def

% Collect the list of object numbers passed to omap by a procedure.
/visited {		% <proc> visited <obj#s>
  false currentomap 2 .execn
  omapped exch setomap
} bind def

% ------ Output ------ %

% Provide a framework for closure-based streams.
.currentglobal false .setglobal
userdict /clostreams 20 dict put	% stream -> [data endproc]
.setglobal
% Create a closure-based stream.
/clostream {		% <data> <proc> <endproc> clostream <stream>
  2 index 3 -1 roll /exec load 3 packedarray cvx
  /NullEncode filter
		% Stack: data endproc stream
  clostreams 1 index 5 -2 roll 2 array astore put
} bind def
% Close a closure-based stream.
/closend {		% <stream> closend <result>
  dup closefile clostreams exch
  2 copy get 3 1 roll undef aload pop exec
} bind def

% Implement in-memory output streams.
/msproc {		% <data> <more> <accum> msproc <scratch>
  3 -1 roll dadd { 100 string } { () } ifelse
} bind def
/mstream {		% - mstream <mstream>
  10 darray {msproc} {dacontstring} clostream
} bind def
/mcontents {		% <mstream> mcontents <string>
  closend
} bind def

% Implement a stream that only keeps track of its position.
% (All streams should do this, but the PLRM doesn't require it.)
/posbuf 100 string def
/posproc {		% <data> <more> <accum> posproc <scratch>
  0 2 copy get 5 -1 roll length add put
  pop //posbuf
} bind def
/postream {		% - postream <postream>
  [0] {posproc} {0 get} clostream
} bind def
/poslength {		% <postream> poslength <pos>
  closend
} bind def

% Implement streams with variable-bit-width data.
% Note that these are dictionary objects, not stream objects.
/bitstream {		% <stream> bitstream <bstream>
  4 dict begin /S exch def /N 8 def /B 0 def
  currentdict end
} bind def
/bitwrite {		% <bstream> <value> <width> bitwrite -
  PDEBUG { ( ) print 1 index =only (:) print dup = } if
  3 -1 roll begin
  N exch sub dup 0 ge {
    /N exch def N bitshift B add
  } {
    2 copy bitshift B add S exch write
			% Stack: value -left
    { 8 add dup 0 ge { exit } if
      2 copy bitshift 255 and S exch write
    } loop
    /N 1 index def bitshift 255 and
  } ifelse /B exch def
  end
} bind def
/bitflush {		% <bstream> bitflush -
  begin N 8 ne { S B write /B 0 def /N 8 def } if end
} bind def

% Capture OFile output on the temporary file, in memory, or just as a length.
/totemp {		% <proc> totemp <start> <end>
  TFile fileposition OFile
  /OFile TFile def 3 .execn
  /OFile exch def
  TFile fileposition
} bind def
/tomemory {		% <proc> tomemory <string>
  OFile /OFile mstream def 2 .execn
  OFile mcontents exch /OFile exch def
} bind def
/tolength {		% <proc> tolength <string>
  OFile /OFile postream def 2 .execn
  OFile poslength exch /OFile exch def
} bind def

% Copy a range of bytes from TFile to OFile.
/copyrange {		% <start> <end> copybytes -
  TFile 2 index setfileposition
  exch sub 1024 string exch {
		% Stack: buf left
    2 copy 1 index length .min 0 exch getinterval
    TFile exch readstring pop OFile exch writestring
    1 index length sub dup 0 le { exit } if
  } loop pop pop
} bind def

% Pad with blanks to a specified position.
/padto {		% <pos> padto -
  OFile fileposition sub
  dup 0 lt {
    (ERROR: file position incorrect by ) print =
    /padto cvx /rangecheck signalerror
  } {
    { ( ) ows } repeat
  } ifelse
} bind def

% ---------------- Read objects into memory ---------------- %

/touch {		% <object> touch -
  {
    { touch touch } forall
  } {
    dup xcheck {
		% Executable array, must be an indirect object.
      dup 0 get resolved? { pop pop } { oforce touch } ifelse
    } {
      { touch } forall
    } ifelse
  } {
    pop
  } ifdaelse
} bind def

% ---------------- Replace references with referents ---------------- %

/replaceable? {		% <value> replaceable? <bool>
  dup type /integertype eq exch xcheck not and
} bind def
/replacement {		% <obj|ref> replacement <obj'>
  dup oforce dup replaceable? { exch } if pop
} bind def

/replacerefs {		% <object> replacerefs <object>
  {
    dup {
      2 index 2 index undef
      exch replacement exch replacement
      2 index 3 1 roll put
    } forall
  } {
    0 1 2 index length 1 sub {
      1 index exch 2 copy get replacement put
    } for
  } {
  } ifdaelse
} bind def

/replaceReferences {	% - replaceReferences -
  Objects { replacerefs pop } lforall
		% Delete replaced objects.
  0 1 Objects llength 1 sub {
    Objects 1 index lget replaceable? {
      PDEBUG { (Deleting ) print dup = } if
      Generations 1 index 0 lput
    } if pop
  } for
} bind def

% ---------------- Create new objects ---------------- %

/createObjects {	% [<obj>...] createObjects <firstobj#>
  Objects llength dup
  dup 3 index length add growPDFobjects
		% Stack: objects objn objn
  3 1 roll exch {
    Objects 2 index 3 -1 roll lput
    Generations 1 index 1 lput
    1 add
  } forall pop
} bind def

% ---------------- Propagate attributes ---------------- %

/nopropattrs <<
	% Never propagate these.
  /Type dup /Kids dup /Count dup /Parent dup
	% Handle Resources specially.
  /Resources dup
>> def

% Merge Resources.
/mergeres {		% <fromdict> <todict> mergeres -
		% Values in todict take priority over fromdict.
  1 index /Resources .knownget {
    1 index /Resources .knownget {
		% Stack: fromdict todict fromres tores
      exch oforce exch oforce
		% todict's Resources may be shared, so make a copy.
      dup length dict .copydict
      exch {
		% Stack: fromdict todict tores' fromkey fromvalue
	2 index 2 index knownoget {
		% Stack: fromdict todict tores' fromkey fromvalue tovalue
	  exch oforce exch
		% ProcSet is an array, other types are dictionaries.
	  dup type /dicttype eq {
		% Dictionary, not ProcSet.
	    exch dup length 2 index length add dict .copydict .copydict
	  } {
		% Array or packed array, ProcSet.
		% Use dictionaries to do the merge.
	    dup length 2 index length add dict begin
	    exch { dup def } forall { dup def } forall
	    mark currentdict end { pop } forall .packtomark
	  } ifelse
	} if
	2 index 3 1 roll put
      } forall
    } if /Resources exch put pop
  } {
    pop pop
  } ifelse
} bind def

% Merge attributes other than Resources.
/mergeattrs {		% <fromdict> <todict> mergeattrs <fromdict> <todict>
		% Values in todict take priority over fromdict.
  1 index {
		% Stack: fromdict todict fromkey fromvalue
    //nopropattrs 2 index known {
      pop pop
    } {
      2 index 2 index known { pop pop } { 2 index 3 1 roll put } ifelse
    } ifelse
  } forall
} bind def

% Propagate attributes to a subtree.
/proppage {		% <attrs> <subtree> proppage -
		% We should be able to tell when we reach a leaf
		% by finding a Type unequal to /Pages.  Unfortunately,
		% some files distributed by Adobe lack the Type key
		% in some of the Pages nodes!  Instead, we check for Kids.
  dup /Kids knownoget {
		% Accumulate inherited values.
    3 1 roll
		% Stack: kids attrs pagesnode
    dup length dict .copydict mergeattrs
    dup 3 1 roll mergeres
    exch { oforce 1 index exch proppage } forall pop
  } {
		% Merge inherited values into the leaf.
    mergeattrs mergeres
  } ifelse
} bind def

% Propagate attributes to all pages.
/propagateAttributes {	% - propagateAttributes -
  0 dict Trailer /Root oget /Pages oget proppage
} bind def

% ---------------- Identify document-level objects ---------------- %

/identifyDocumentObjects {	% - identifyDocumentObjects <obj#s>
  {
    Trailer /Root omget
    dup /PageMode .knownget { omvisit } if
	% Don't allow omvisit to trace references to Page objects.
    dup /OpenAction .knownget { omvisitnopage } if
    Trailer /Encrypt .knownget { omvisit } if
    dup /Threads .knownget {
      omforce { omforce } forall
    } if
    dup /AcroForm .knownget { omvisit } if
    pop
  } visited
} bind def

% ---------------- Identify the objects of each page ---------------- %

/identifyfont {		% <fontref> identifyfont -
  omforce {
    exch /FontDescriptor eq {
      omforce dup /Flags .knownget { 32 and 0 ne } { false } ifelse
      exch {
	exch dup dup /FontFile eq exch /FontFile2 eq or
	exch /FontFile3 eq or 2 index and {
	  fontfiles exch dadd
	} {
	  omvisit
	} ifelse
      } forall pop
    } {
      omvisit
    } ifelse
  } forall
} bind def

/identifyPageObjects {	% <extra> <page#> identifyPageObjects <obj#s>
  pdffindpageref
  4 dict begin
  /images 10 darray def
  /fontfiles 10 darray def
  {
    omforce
		% Stack: extra page
		% Visit any extra objects if applicable.
    exch omvisit
		% Visit Annots, if any.
		% We don't try to defer the drawing information.
    dup /Annots .knownget { omvisit } if
		% Visit beads.
    dup /B .knownget { omvisit } if
		% Visit resources dictionaries.
    dup /Resources .knownget {
      omforce dup {
		% Visit the first-level Resource dictionaries.
	omforce pop pop
      } forall {
		% Visit the resources themselves.
		% Skip Image XObjects, and FontFile streams if the
		% FontDescriptor Flags have bit 6 set.
		% We don't try to visit the resources in the order in which
		% the Contents stream(s) reference(s) them.
	exch dup /XObject eq {
	  pop oforce {
	    dup oforce /Subtype get /Image eq {
	      images exch dadd
	    } {
	      omvisit
	    } ifelse pop
	  } forall
	} {
	  /Font eq {
	    oforce { identifyfont pop } forall
	  } {
	    oforce omvisit
	  } ifelse
	} ifelse
      } forall
    } if
		% Visit the Contents stream(s).
    dup /Contents .knownget { omvisit } if
		% Visit Image XObjects.  We don't try to visit them in
		% reference order.
    images { omvisit } daforall
		% Visit FontFile streams.  We don't try to visit them in
		% reference order.
    fontfiles { omvisit } daforall
    pop
  } visited end
} bind def

% Identify the objects of the first page.
/identifyFirstPageObjects {	% -identifyFirstPageObjects <obj#s>
  Trailer /Root oget null
  1 index /PageMode knownoget {
    /UseOutlines eq {
      1 index /Outlines knownoget { exch pop } if
    } if
  } if exch pop
  1 identifyPageObjects
} bind def

% Identify the non-shared objects of the other pages, and the shared objects.
/identifyOtherPageObjects {	% - identifyOtherPageObjects [<pageobj#s> ...]
				%   <sharedobj#s>
  4 dict begin
  /marks lstring Objects llength lgrowto def
		% Mark document-level and first page objectsw.
  [CatalogNs FirstPageNs] {
    { marks exch 255 lput } forall
  } forall
		% Collect objects of other pages and identify sharing.
  [ 2 1 pdfpagecount { null exch identifyPageObjects } for ]
  dup {
    { marks exch 2 copy lget 1 add 254 .min lput } forall
  } forall
  [ exch {
    [ exch {
      marks 1 index lget 1 ne { pop } if
    } forall ]
  } forall ]
  [ 1 1 marks llength 1 sub {
    marks 1 index lget dup 1 le exch 255 eq or { pop } if
  } for ]
  end
} bind def

% Identify objects not associated with any page.
/identifyNonPageObjects {	% - identifyNonPageObjects <obj#s>
  4 dict begin
  /marks lstring Objects llength lgrowto def
  [[[LPDictN PHSN] CatalogNs FirstPageNs SharedNs] OtherPageNs] {
    { { marks exch 1 lput } forall } forall
  } forall
	%****** PUT THESE IN A REASONABLE ORDER ******
  [ 1 1 Objects llength 1 sub {
    marks 1 index lget 0 eq {
      Generations 1 index lget 0 eq { pop } if
    } {
      pop
    } ifelse
  } for ]
} bind def

% ---------------- Assign object numbers ---------------- %

% Assign object numbers to all objects that will be copied.
% Return the first (translated) object number in the First Page xref table.
/assignObjectNumbers {		% - assignObjectNumbers -
  OtherPageNs { { omap pop } forall } forall
  SharedNs { omap pop } forall
  NonPageNs { omap pop } forall
		% Assign object numbers for the First Page xref table last.
  LPDictN omap	% don't pop, this is the return value
  CatalogNs { omap pop } forall
  FirstPageNs { omap pop } forall
  PHSN omap pop
} bind def

% ---------------- Create the LPDict ---------------- %

% Create the contents of the LPDict.
/createLPDict {			% <phsstart> <phsend> <firstpageend>
				%   <xref0start> <filelength> createLPDict -
  LPDict
  dup /Linearized 1 put
  dup /L 4 -1 roll put		% filelength
  dup /T 4 -1 roll put		% xref0start
  dup /E 4 -1 roll put		% firstpageend
  dup /H 5 -2 roll 1 index sub 2 array astore put	% phsstart, end-start
  dup /O 1 pdffindpageref 0 get omap put
  /N pdfpagecount put
} bind def

% ---------------- Adjust object positions ---------------- %

/adjustObjectPositions {	% <boundary> <deltabelow> <deltaabove>
				%   adjustObjectPositions -
	% Objects fall into 4 categories: LPDict, PHS, Catalog, and others.
	% We handle the first two as special cases.
  XRef {
		% Stack: bdy below above key loc
    dup 5 index ge { 2 } { 3 } ifelse index add
    XRef 3 1 roll put
  } forall pop pop pop
  XRef LPDictN omap HeaderLength put
  XRef PHSN omap PHSStart put
} bind def

% ---------------- Write the output file ---------------- %

% Write objects identified by object number.
/writeobjn {		% <obj#> writeobjn -
  Generations 1 index lget pdfwriteobj
} bind def
/writeobjns {		% <obj#s> writeobjns -
  { writeobjn } forall
} bind def

% Write a part of the output file.
/writePart {		% <proc> <label> writePart -
  PDEBUG {
    dup print ( start=) print
    OFile { .fileposition } stopped { pop (???) } if =
    2 .execn
    print ( end=) print
    OFile { .fileposition } stopped { pop (???) } if =
  } {
    pop exec
  } ifelse
} bind def

% Write the header.
/writePart1 {		% - writePart1 -
  {
    pdfwriteheader
  } (part1) writePart
} bind def

% Write the linearization parameters dictionary.
/writePart2 {		% - writePart2 -
  {
    LPDictN writeobjn
  } (part2) writePart
} bind def

% Write the First Page xref table and trailer.
% Free variables: FirstPageXN.
/writePart3 {		% <xrefstart> writePart3 -
  {
    FirstPageXN NObjects 1 add 1 index sub pdfwritexref
    Trailer dup length 1 add dict copy
    dup /Size NObjects 1 add put
    dup /Prev 4 -1 roll put
    pdfwritetrailer
    0 pdfwritestartxref
  } (part3) writePart
} bind def

% Write the Catalog and other required document-level objects.
% Free variables: CatalogNs.
/writePart4 {		% - writePart4 -
  {
    CatalogNs writeobjns
  } (part4) writePart
} bind def

% Write the Primary Hint Stream.
/writePart5 {		% - writePart5 -
  {
    PHSN writeobjn
  } (part5) writePart
} bind def

% Write the First Page's objects.
% Free variables: FirstPageNs.
/writePart6 {		% - writePart6 -
  {
    FirstPageNs writeobjns
  } (part6) writePart
} bind def

% Write the objects of other pages (Page + non-shared objects).
% Free variables: OtherPageNs.
/writePart7 {		% - writePart7 <lengths>
  {
    [ OtherPageNs {
      OFile fileposition exch
      writeobjns OFile fileposition exch sub
    } forall ]
  } (part7) writePart
} bind def

% Write the shared objects of other pages.
% Free variables: SharedNs.
/writePart8 {		% - writePart8 -
  {
    SharedNs writeobjns
  } (part8) writePart
} bind def

% Write the other objects not associated with pages.
% Free variables: NonPageNs.
/writePart9 {		% - writePart9 -
  {
    NonPageNs writeobjns
  } (part9) writePart
} bind def

% Write the main xref table and trailer.
% Free variables: FirstPageXN.
/writePart11xref {	% writePart11 -
  {
    0 FirstPageXN pdfwritexref
  } (part11xref) writePart
} bind def
/writePart11rest {	% <part3start> writePart11rest -
  {
    << /Size FirstPageXN >> pdfwritetrailer
    pdfwritestartxref
  } (part11rest) writePart
} bind def

% ---------------- Write hint tables ---------------- %

/bitsneeded {		% <maxvalue> bitsneeded <#bits>
  0 exch { dup 0 eq { pop exit } if exch 1 add exch 2 idiv } loop
} bind def

% Find the start and end of objects in the output.
/omstart {		% <obj#> omstart <pos>
  PDEBUG { (start\() print dup =only } if
  omap
  PDEBUG { (=>) print dup =only } if
  XRef exch get
  PDEBUG { (\) = ) print dup = } if
} bind def
/omend {		% <obj#> omend <pos>
	% The end of an object is the start of the next object.
	% The caller must be sure that this object is not the last one
	% in part 9.
  PDEBUG { (end\() print dup =only } if
  omap
  PDEBUG { (=>) print dup =only } if
  1 add
	% Check that the requested object wasn't the last one in part 6:
	% the next object in the output file is the first in part 7.
  PHSN omap 1 index eq { pop 1 } if
  XRef exch get
  PDEBUG { (\) = ) print dup = } if
} bind def
/omlength {		% <obj#> omlength <length>
  dup omend exch omstart sub
} bind def

% Find the Contents of a page.
/contentsobjects {	% <pagedict> contentsobjects <firstobj#> <lastobj#>
  /Contents get
  dup oforce dup type /dicttype eq {
    pop dup
  } {
    dup 0 get exch dup length 1 sub get
  } ifelse
  exch 0 get exch 0 get
} bind def
/contentsstart {	% <pagedict> contentsstart <pos>
  contentsobjects pop omstart
} bind def
/contentslength {	% <pagedict> contentslength <length>
  contentsobjects omend exch omstart sub
} bind def


/writePageOffsetHints {
  PDEBUG { /writePageOffsetHints == } if
  20 dict begin
  /bits OFile bitstream def
  /bwn { bits 3 1 roll bitwrite } def

	% Calculate least length of a page.
  FirstPageLength OtherPageLengths { .min } forall
  /minpl exch def
	% Calculate least contents length.
  FirstPageNs 0 get Objects exch lget contentslength
  OtherPageNs { 0 get Objects exch lget contentslength .min } forall
  /mincl exch def

	% The Adobe documentation says that all versions of Acrobat
	% require item 8 (mincl) to be zero.  Patch this here.
  /mincl 0 def

	% Calculate bits needed to represent greatest page length.
  FirstPageLength OtherPageLengths { .max } forall
  minpl sub bitsneeded /maxplbits exch def
	% Calculate bits needed to represent the greatest Contents length.
  FirstPageNs 0 get Objects exch lget contentslength
  OtherPageNs { 0 get Objects exch lget contentslength .max } forall
  mincl sub bitsneeded /maxclbits exch def

	% Per Adobe documentation, Acrobat requires that item 5 (maxplbits)
	% be equal to item 9 (maxclbits).  Set both to the max of the two.
  maxplbits maxclbits .max /maxplbits 1 index def /maxclbits exch def

		% 1: Least number of objects in a page:
  FirstPageNs length OtherPageNs { length .min } forall
  /minnop 1 index def 32 bwn
		% 2: Location of first page's Page object:
  FirstPageNs 0 get omap XRef exch get 32 bwn
		% 3: Bits needed to represent greatest # of objects in a page:
  FirstPageNs length OtherPageNs { length .max } forall
  minnop sub bitsneeded /maxnopbits 1 index def 16 bwn
		% 4: Least length of a page:
  minpl 32 bwn
		% 5: Bits needed to represent the greatest page length:
  maxplbits 16 bwn
		% 6: Least start of Contents offset:
  0		% (Acrobat requires that this be 0.)
  /minsco 1 index def 32 bwn
		% 7: Bits needed to represent the greatest start of Contents
		% offset:
  0		% (Acrobat ignores this.)
  /maxscobits 1 index def 16 bwn
		% 8: Least contents length:
  mincl 32 bwn
		% 9: Bits needed to represent the greatest Contents length:
  maxclbits 16 bwn
		% 10: Bits needed to represent the greatest number of Shared
  0		% Object references (we don't report any):
  /maxsorbits 1 index def 16 bwn
		% 11: Bits needed to identify a Shared Object (we don't
  0		% report any):
  /sobits 1 index def 16 bwn
		% 12: Bits needed to represent numerator of fraction (only
  0		% needed for Shared Object references, which we don't report):
  /numfbits 1 index def 16 bwn
		% 13: Denominator of fraction (only needed for Shared Object
		% references, which we don't report):
  255	% arbitrary
  /denf 1 index def 16 bwn

		% Number of objects in pages:
  FirstPageNs length minnop sub maxnopbits bwn
  OtherPageNs {
    length minnop sub maxnopbits bwn
  } forall

		% Total length of pages in bytes;
  FirstPageLength minpl sub maxplbits bwn
  OtherPageLengths {
    minpl sub maxplbits bwn
  } forall

		% Number of shared objects referenced from page:
		% (Currently we don't report this.)
  OtherPageNs length 1 add { 0 maxsorbits bwn } repeat

		% Since there are no shared object references,
		% the next two sections are empty.

		% Contents offsets:
  [FirstPageNs OtherPageNs aload pop] {
    0 get Objects exch lget contentsstart minsco sub maxscobits bwn
  } forall

		% Contents lengths:
  [FirstPageNs OtherPageNs aload pop] {
    0 get Objects exch lget contentslength mincl sub maxclbits bwn
  } forall

  bits bitflush end
} bind def

/writeSharedObjectHints {
  PDEBUG { /writeSharedObjectHints == } if
  20 dict begin
  /bits OFile bitstream def
  /bwn { bits 3 1 roll bitwrite } def

		% Currently we use the Shared Object hint table only for
		% the objects in the first page, which are all treated as
		% "shared" objects.

		% Object number of first object in Shared Objects section
		% (not currently used):
  0 32 bwn
		% Location of first object in Shared Objects section
		% (not currently used): If there are no shared objects,
		% Acrobat sets this to the location of linearization
		% parameters object (the very first object).
  { pdfwriteheader } tomemory length 32 bwn
		% Number of Shared Object entries for first page:
  FirstPageNs length 32 bwn
		% Number of Shared Object entries for Shared Objects
		% section (not currently used):
  FirstPageNs length 32 bwn
		% Bits needed to represent the greatest number of objects
		% in a shared object group (always 0, because all groups
		% have only 1 object):
  0 16 bwn
		% Least length of a Shared Object Group in bytes:
  16#7fffffff FirstPageNs { omlength .min } forall
  /minsol 1 index def 32 bwn
		% Bits needed to represent the greatest length of a
		% Shared Object Group:
  0 FirstPageNs { omlength .max } forall
  minsol sub bitsneeded
  /maxsolbits 1 index def 16 bwn

		% Lengths of shared object groups:
  FirstPageNs { omlength minsol sub maxsolbits bwn } forall

		% MD5 flag:
  0 1 bwn

  bits bitflush end
} bind def

% ---------------- Main program ---------------- %

/tmpprefix (/tmp/) def

/pdfOptimize {		% <infile> <outfile> pdfOptimize -
  realtime 3 1 roll
  exch pdfdict begin pdfopenfile dup begin
  40 dict begin
  /IDict exch def
  /OFile exch def
  /starttime exch def
  /now {
    QUIET { pop } { print (, t = ) print realtime starttime sub = flush } ifelse
  } def
  omapinit
  
	% Create and open a temporary file.

  null (w) .tempfile /TFile exch def /TFileName exch def
  .setsafe

	% Read all objects into memory.

  Trailer touch
  (Read objects) now

	% Replace indirect references to numbers.  This is needed
	% for the Length of streams, and doesn't hurt anything else.

  replaceReferences
  (Replaced references) now

	% Create the two new objects: the linearization parameter
	% dictionary, and the Primary Hint Stream.

  /LPDict 10 dict def
  /PHS 10 dict cvx def		% executable = stream
  [LPDict PHS] createObjects
  /LPDictN 1 index def 1 add
  /PHSN exch def
  PDEBUG { << /LPDictN LPDictN /PHSN PHSN >> === } if

	% Count the number of objects in the output.

  0 0 1 Objects llength 1 sub {
    Generations exch lget 0 ne { 1 add } if
  } for
  /NObjects exch def
  QUIET not { NObjects =only ( objects total) = flush } if

	% Propagate inherited attributes down the page tree.

  propagateAttributes
  (Propagated attributes) now

	% Identify the document-level objects (part 4).

  identifyDocumentObjects /CatalogNs exch def
  QUIET not { CatalogNs === flush } if
  (Identified Catalog) now

  	% Identify the first page's objects (part 6),
	% including the Outlines tree if appropriate.

  pdfopencache
  /FirstPageNs identifyFirstPageObjects def
  QUIET not { FirstPageNs === flush } if
  (Identified first page) now

	% Identify shared vs. non-shared objects for remaining pages
	% (parts 7 and 8).

  identifyOtherPageObjects
  /SharedNs exch def
  /OtherPageNs exch def
  QUIET not { OtherPageNs === flush SharedNs === flush } if
  (Identified other pages) now

	% Identify objects not associated with any page (part 9).

  /NonPageNs identifyNonPageObjects def
  QUIET not { NonPageNs === flush } if
  (Identified non-pages) now

	% Assign final object numbers to all the objects.
	% (The omap is currently empty.)

  /FirstPageXN assignObjectNumbers def
  (Assigned objects #s) now

	% Write the document-level objects (part 4).

  { writePart4 } totemp
  /CatalogTempEnd exch def /CatalogTempStart exch def
  (Wrote Catalog) now

	% Write the first page's objects (part 6).

  { writePart6 } totemp
  /FirstPageTempEnd exch def /FirstPageTempStart exch def
  (Wrote first page) now

	% Write the non-shared objects for other pages (part 7).

  { writePart7 /OtherPageLengths exch def } totemp
  /OtherPageTempEnd exch def /OtherPageTempStart exch def
  (Wrote other pages) now

	% Write the shared objects for other pages (part 8).

  { writePart8 } totemp
  /SharedTempEnd exch def /SharedTempStart exch def
  (Wrote shared objects) now

	% Write the objects not associated with pages (part 9).

  { writePart9 } totemp
  /NonPageTempEnd exch def /NonPageTempStart exch def

	% Compute conservative lengths of parts 2,3,5,11 of the output.
	% It's OK for these to be too large, but not too small.

  % Make dummy XRef entres for LPDict and PHS.
  XRef LPDictN omap 0 put
  XRef PHSN omap 0 put

  /HeaderLength {	% this is exact
    writePart1			% part 1
  } tolength def
  /CatalogLength	% this is exact
    CatalogTempEnd CatalogTempStart sub def	% part 4
  /FirstPageLength	% this is exact
    FirstPageTempEnd FirstPageTempStart sub def	% part 6
  /OtherObjectsLength	% this is exact
    NonPageTempEnd OtherPageTempStart sub def	% parts 7,8,9
  /ObjectsLength	% this is exact
    CatalogLength FirstPageLength add OtherObjectsLength add def
  /XrefLength {			% part 11
	% The LPDict must end within the first 1024 bytes,
	% so the start of the FirstPage xref table can't exceed 1024.
    writePart11xref 1024 writePart11rest
  } tolength def
  /NominalFileLength 	% Make a generous allowance for parts 2,3,5.
    HeaderLength ObjectsLength 3 mul add 10000 add 99999 .max def
  /FirstPageXrefLength {	% part 3
    NominalFileLength writePart3
  } tolength def
  /LPDictLength {		% part 2
    NominalFileLength dup 2 mul 2 copy add 1 index dup createLPDict writePart2
  } tolength def

	% Compute a few additional values from the above.

  /XrefBeginLength {
    (xref\n0 ) ows
    OFile FirstPageXN write=
  } tolength def
  HeaderLength LPDictLength add
  /FirstPageXrefStart 1 index def
  FirstPageXrefLength add
  /CatalogStart 1 index def
  CatalogLength add		% phsstart
  /PHSStart exch def

	% Adjust the object positions ignoring PHS.
	% (Writing the PHS needs these.)

  0 0 CatalogStart CatalogTempStart sub adjustObjectPositions
  % Make a temporary XRef entry for the PHS, for the benefit of omend.
  XRef PHSN omap CatalogStart put
  (Adjusted positions) now

	% Construct the hint tables (part 5).

  { writePageOffsetHints } totemp
  pop /PHSTempStart exch def
  { writeSharedObjectHints } totemp
  exch PHSTempStart sub PHS /S 3 -1 roll put
  PHSTempStart sub /PHSTempLength exch def
  (Wrote hints) now

  % Prepare to read TFile.
  TFile closefile
  /TFile TFileName (r) file def

  PHS
    dup /File TFile put
    dup /FilePosition PHSTempStart put
    dup /Length PHSTempLength put
  pop
  /PHSLength { writePart5 } tolength def

	% Construct the linearization parameter dictionary (part 2).

  PHSStart
  dup PHSLength add		% phsend
  /FirstPageStart 1 index def
  dup FirstPageLength add	% firstpageend
  dup OtherObjectsLength add
  /XrefStart 1 index def
  XrefBeginLength add		% xref0start
  dup XrefBeginLength sub XrefLength add	% fileend
	% Because of a bug, Acrobat Reader doesn't recognize any file
	% shorter than 1K as linearized.  Patch this here.
  1024 .max
  /FileLength 1 index def
  createLPDict

	% Adjust the object positions again, taking the PHS into account.

  PHSStart 0 PHSLength adjustObjectPositions
  (Readjusted positions) now

	% Finally, write the output file.

  writePart1
  writePart2
  FirstPageXrefStart padto
  XrefStart writePart3
  CatalogStart padto
  CatalogTempStart CatalogTempEnd copyrange	% part 4
  writePart5
  FirstPageStart padto
  FirstPageTempStart NonPageTempEnd copyrange	% parts 6,7,8,9
  % No Overflow Hint Stream (part 10).
  XrefStart padto
  writePart11xref
  { FirstPageXrefStart writePart11rest } tomemory
  FileLength 1 index length sub padto ows
  (Wrote output file) now

	% Wrap up.

  TFile closefile TFileName deletefile
  end		% temporary dict
  end		% IDict
} bind def

end			% pdfoptdict
.setglobal

% Check for command line arguments.
[ shellarguments {
  ] dup length 2 eq {
	% Load the pdfwrite utilities if necessary.
    /omapinit where { pop } { (pdfwrite.ps) runlibfile } ifelse
    save exch
    aload pop exch (r) file exch (w) file
    3000000 setvmthreshold
    pdfoptdict begin pdfOptimize end
    restore
  } {
    (Usage: gs -dNODISPLAY -- pdfopt.ps input.pdf output.pdf) = flush quit
  } ifelse
} {
  pop
} ifelse