[This is ./doc/fonts/ibycus4/tex/README 12 July, 1997. [For some of the previous history see the final notes on Ibycus 3, from May 30, 1966 in README.ibycus3] ( THIS IS A TDS-CONFORMANT PACKAGE ) BE SURE THAT ibycus4.map HAS BEEN MADE ACCESSIBLE AS DESCRIBED BELOW FOR INCOMPATIBILITIES WITH IBYCUS3, SEARCH FOR %%%%%%%%%%%% on page 3. Like its predecessors, Ibycus4 is based on Silvio Levy's realization of a classic Didot cut of Greek type from around 1800. Ibycus4 is as close as possible to Ibycus3 in all possible respects, but there are some improved set widths and pair-kernings which might clobber old carefully adjusted text spacings such as Alexandrian shaped poetry. A sample input file is provided in iby4text.tex or ibycus4.ltx PLAIN TeX USAGE: \input iby4text then: \setgreek10/12 (or other reasonable combination of pointsize and leading) then: Latin text \GK{}a)rxai=a gra'mmata\RM{} Latin again. NOTE that the ) is a smooth breathing, not a parenthesis. LaTeX2e USAGE: \usepackage{ibycus4} then: Latin text {\greek{a)rxai=a gra'mmata}} Latin again. (Note the double braces, there is a font change here.) change font size with the \fontsize macro, thus: \fontsize{14}{17pt}\selectfont The TeX files in $TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4 together with the METAFONT files in $TEXMF/fonts/source/public/ibycus4 {\em especially ibycus4.map} are intended to provide a reasonable degree of compatibility between David Packard Jr.'s Ibycus/TLG system, and the TeX and METAFONT environment. If you are not using Karl Berry's path-searching or its equivalent, these TeX files may have to be moved to an appropriate branch directory of $TEXMF/tex/ continues . . . README Page 2 The TeX files are: 1. $TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/ibycus4.tex The driver file for this package (in plain tex). 1a. $TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/ibycus4.sty The driver file for this package (in LaTeX2e). 2. $TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/setiby4.tex Included by ibygrk.tex unless newnep format is running 3. $TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/tlgsqq.tex The name suggests the association with coding of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae. This file provides uniquely named macros for all combinations of letter and accent, so that any invocation of the macro will produce a sequence of characters corresponding with the entries put into the TFM ligature table. These sequences may always be used to generate accented characters. They are based, with some slight modifications where David Packard's Ibycus input coding seems too misleading, on the Ibycus adaptation of TLG beta-code. For input coding, the parentheses, ) and ( are used for breathings, ' (ASCII char '047--acute or single quote) and ` (ASCII char '140--grave) are used for oxytone and barytone (to avoid preemption of the usual TeX excape character) and = (ASCII char '075) is used for perispomenon to avoid preemption of the active tie character in plain.tex. + is used for dieresis after u or i and for some other special characters. | is used for iota subscript and ! (ASCII char '041--\bang) is used to call out the "dot-under" convention for partially preserved letters in manuscript or epigraphical texts. Order is significant. Breathings or diereses come first, after the affected letter, then accents, then iota subscript or \bang. These codings represent the input coding convention, not the mapping in the font itself. The digraphs, trigraphs etc. can be read from tlgsqq.tex Postpositives fall into three order-dependent and exclusive classes--only one from each class may be used in any single accented cluster. 1 2 3 nil nil nil ( [asper] ' [oxytone] | [iota subscript] ) [lenis] ` [barytone] ! [dot below letter] + [other] = [perispomene] continues . . . README Page 3 Some special digraphs are K+ Koppa, k+ koppa, C+ lunate Cigma, c+ lunate cigma, s+ sampi (lowercase late form only) and s| which forces a medial sigma. << and >> give guillemets (not guillemots as Adobe ornithologically supposes) and (( )) give single parentheses though care must be taken that the first ( or ) is not interpreted as a breathing. {((} and {))} are safe. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% NOTE: THE FOLLOWING CODINGS ARE NOT COMPATIBLE WITH IBYCUS3 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% I have tried to keep incompatible codings to the minimum but the ibycus3 versions of the following were extremely undesirable. These are all simplifications of ibycus3 coding. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% The mark of elision is ' or {'} (the form in braces may be needed to prevent ' from being read as an accent). Single quotes may be provided by ` {`} and ' {'}, (isolate them in braces if necessary). Double quotes are `` {``} and '' {''} (isolate in braces if necessary). < and > are the angle brackets used for conjectural supplements. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 4. ibycus4.map This is {\em exactly} the same file as is used by METAFONT. Copy $TEXMF/fonts/source/public/ibycus4/ibycus4.map to the same directory as ibycus4.tex or, even better, link it with a symbolic link. It is so structured that it can be read by either TeX or Metafont. The mapping is very close to that of GreekKeys, which is distributed for the Macintosh by the American Philological Association. Other mappings can be created in the same manner. 5. $TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/Uibycus4.fd Supporting fd file for LaTeX2e. 6. $TEXMF/tex/generic/ibycus4/iby4extr.tex Access to some editorial symbols for classical editions. continues . . . README Page 4 7. $TEXMF/tex/generic/ibygrk/ibycus4.ltx $TEXMF/tex/generic/ibygrk/iby4text.tex The exquisite little poem by Ibycus of Rhegium, until recently almost the only thing known by him. (The Ibycus system developed by David Packard is only indirectly named after the poet. The direct inspiration was Packard's cat.) M E T A F O N T The METAFONT part of the package consists of a set of files which use the original characters of Silvio Levy's greek fonts and combine them in ways which reflect the increased capabilities of TeX and METAFONT developed since Levy did the original greek for TeX. The Levy source files can be got from one of the CTAN archives and placed in $TEXMF/fonts/source/public/levy where they will automatically become accessible if you are using a TeX Directory Structure [TDS] layout of files. If you are not using a file searching system like Karl Berry's "kpathsea", see $TEXMF/fonts/source/public/ibycus4/ibycus4.mf for hints on making the Levy source available. For directions on the use and management of Karl Berry's path searching, consult "The TeX Live Guide, version 2" by Sebastian Rahtz and Michael Goosens, in {\it TUGboat}. Volume 18 (1997). Pages 81-112, especially pp. 87--9. Web2c TeX for Unix systems, Thomas Esser's teTeX, and the Solaris package referenced at http://smc.vnet.net/solaris_2.5.html all use Karl Berry's path searching. Ibycus4 METAFONT files are in $TEXMF/fonts/source/public/ibycus4 The most significant changes are: 1. The large repertory of initial/medial sigma + letter pairs is suppressed from the new fonts, and the new enhanced TFM ligature scheme is used instead to provide for the automatic differentiation between medial and final sigma. 2. The cells thus opened up in the font mapping are used for a variety of additional characters: a. A full repertory of vowels with breathings and barytone accents (many of these were absent from the original). The various forms of long epsilon and omicron with perispomene accent needed for early Attic and similar local scripts are provided. b. Lunate sigma, digamma, koppa and sampi are provided (the last in its lowercase late form only, since earlier forms are rather problematic and are virtually unused even in epigraphical texts). c. A simple iota subscript in a 0.5em character space is provided at position '174 for use in unusual continues . . . README Page 5 groupings. For all normal usages three additional occurences of the glyph are kerned (in the traditional sense) far to the left so that they will fit under alpha, eta and omega respectively. These characters are called out automatically through the TeX TFM ligature system, for which see below. The glyph under eta is shortened slightly to give better clearance under the left stem of lowercase eta. The iota subscript glyph retains its simple form in 300dpi renditions, and in any bitmap which drops below 500dpi, but it thins out and develops a slight rightward hook at 600dpi and above. d. The mechanism of drastic left kerning is also used to set dots under letters which cannot be read completely from the manuscript or stone. These dota are likewise called out automatically through the TFM ligature system. A final ! {\bang} after any letter or letter with postpositive accents (except those with iota subscripts) will produce the dotted form. e. Angle brackets, half brackets, double quotes, braces, a dagger and a doubledagger are now provided (see iby4extr.tex). 3. All characters have been named. The constructs ASCII"A" and oct"000" appear only at lower levels of programming. 4. Character spacing has been adjusted through kerning tables, particularly around lowercase iota (file ibylig4.mf). There is better separation between breathings and accents (this has required a redesign of almost all accents) and clearance between accent and base letter has been increased. The perispomene has been restored to its traditional form with a thick center and tapered ends, and the breathings have been given shorter, tapered tails. The deep ink trap between the bulb and tail of the breathings has been eliminated. Accents over epsilon have been raised and slightly shortened to give better clearance. The accents with diaeresis have been shifted up and laterally to clear the dot they lean toward. 5. Font mapping is specified independently of other parameters, in a distinct and separate file (file ibycus4.map). In some cases it may be more effective to remap the font than to struggle with TeX remapping. continues . . . README Page 6 6. A programming error which produced the wrong displacement value with free-standing accents has been corrected. Accents before uppercase vowels are kerned (in the traditional sense) out left to a negative left side bearing of about one unit (1/18em) unit so that their escapement does not leave excessive space after the preceding word or at the start of a line. They have also been properly pair-kerned with the uppercase vowels. A new naming convention uses "ibycus4" wherever possible, and the shorter string "iby4" where that would lead to ambiguity. some of the individual METAFONT character files are simply taged with the number 4. 8+3 filename compatibility is preserved. (under protest and with difficulty). The names of PK and TFM files follow Karl Berry's font name convention ( 84 is the encoding for Ibycus 4). Foundry Facename Weights Variants Encoding_Variants DesignSize f ib [r], b r, o 84 [10], 9, 8 fibr84 fibo84 fibb84 with METAFONT design-size additions fibr848 fibo848 fibb848 fibr849 fibo849 fibb849 Driver files for the Bold Oblique variant can be provided but their use is discouraged. These Didot-derived characters do not stand up well to either boldfacing or obliqueing, and the combination is quite unfortunate. The typewriter style originally offered with these designs is quietly forgotten, although the code for it is still embedded in Silvio Levy's source. Also in the works, a type1 version. Pierre A. MacKay Department of Classics University of Washington mackay@cs.washington.edu