% \section{Reference Manual}
% \label{sec:ref}
% \subsection{Environment \texttt{paracol}}
% \label{sec:ref-paracol}
% 
% \begin{description}
% \item[\ENV{paracol}{\marg{num}\oarg{text}}]\mbox{}\par
% The environment \env{paracol} contains \meta{body} typeset in \meta{num}
% columns in parallel.  The optional \meta{text} is put spanning all columns
% prior to the multi-columned \meta{body}.
% 
% \begin{itemize}
% \item
% The environment may start from \emph{any} vertical position in a page,
% i.e., not necessary at the top of a page.  The single-column contents of
% the {\em\Uidx\spage} in which \beginparacol{} lies are naturally connected
% to the beginning part of \meta{body} in each column, unless the page has
% footnotes or bottom floats.  If these kind of bottom stuff exist, they are
% put above the multi-columned \meta{body}, or the multi-column \meta{text}
% 
% \UsageIndex{multi-column text}
% 
% if provided.  The \emph{deferred} floats which have not yet appeared in
% the starting page and thus will appear in the next or succeeding pages are
% considered as multi-column floats given in the environment.
% 
% \item
% All \Uidx\lcounter{}s in all columns are initialized to have the values at
% \beginparacol{} on its first occurence.  On the second and succeeding
% occurences of \beginparacol, the \lcounter{}s in each column have the
% value at the last \Endparacol, unless they are modified after the
% \Endparacol.  If a counter is modified (or declared by \!\newcounter!)
% after the \Endparacol, the local versions of the counter in all column
% commonly have the value at \beginparacol.
% 
% \item
% The environment may end at \emph{any} vertical position in a page, i.e.,
% the {\em\Uidx\postenv} being the single-column texts and others
% following \Endparacol{} may not start from the top of a page.  If any
% columns don't have deferred single-column floats and the most advanced
% {\em\Uidx\lcolumn} at \Endparacol{} has neither of footnotes nor bottom
% floats, its bottom is naturally connected to the \postenv{}.  If the
% \lcolumn{} has these kinds of bottom stuff, they are put above the
% \postenv{}, with a vertical skip of \!\textfloatsep! separating them if
% bottom floats exist.  All deferred single-column floats given in the
% environment are flushed before the \postenv{} appears, possibly creating
% {\em\Uidx\fcolumn{}s} only with floats.  On the other hand, deferred
% multi-column floats given in the environment are considered as deferred
% single-column floats given just after \Endparacol.
% 
% \item
% The values of all \lcounter{}s in the leftmost column are used as the
% initial values of them in the \postenv.
% 
% \item
% The \env{paracol} environment cannot be nested, or you will have an error
% message of illegal nesting.
% 
% \item
% The commands \!\switchcolumn!, \!\synccounter!, \!\syncallcounters! and
% \!\flushpage!, and environments \env{column}(|*|), \env{nthcolumn}(|*|),
% \env{leftcolumn}(|*|) and \env{rightcolumn}(|*|) are {\em local} to
% \env{paracol} environment and thus undefined outside the
% environment\footnote{
% 
% Unless you dare to define them.}.
% 
% The command \!\clearpage! is of course usable outside and inside the
% environment but its function inside is a little bit different from outside.
% \end{itemize}
% \end{description}
% 
% 
% 
% \subsection{Column-Switching Command and Environments}
% \label{sec:ref-switchcolumn}
% 
% \begin{description}
% \item[\Midx{\!\switchcolumn!}\oarg{col}]\mbox{}
% \Item[\Midx{\!\switchcolumn!}\oarg{col}\texttt{*}\oarg{text}]\mbox{}\par
% The command switches columns from $i$ to $j$ where $i$ and $j$ is the
% zero-origin ordinals of the columns from/to which we are leaving\slash
% visiting respectively.  Without the optional \meta{col}, $j=i+1\bmod n$
% where $n$ is the number of columns given to \beginparacol, while
% $j=\meta{col}$ with the optional argument.  If the command (or
% \oarg{col} if specified) is followed by a |*|, the \cswitch{} takes
% place after \sync{}ation and, if specified, the optional multi-column
% \meta{text} is put.
% 
% \Index{multi-column text}
% 
% \begin{itemize}
% \item
% Using \!\switchcolumn! in a \env{list} and other relative environments
% such as \env{itemize} causes an ugly result without any error\slash
% warning messages.  This caution is effectual for all \csenv{}s
% too.
% 
% \item
% If $\meta{col}\notin\LBRP0n$, an error is reported and, if you dare to
% continue, you will switch to the leftmost column 0.
% 
% \item
% The \sync{}ation point is set just below the last line of the \lcolumn{}
% in a page $p$, partly taking deferred floats into account.  That is, all
% deferred floats are put in the pages up to $p-1$ and at the top of $p$ if
% possible.  Then, if a non-\lcolumn{} has footnotes and/or bottom floats
% and they cannot be pushed down below the \sync{}ation point, the point is
% moved to the next page top.
% 
% \item
% In a page having one or more \sync{}ation points, stretch and shrink
% factors of all vertical spaces, such as those surrounding sectionning
% commands, are ingonred.  Therefore, even if you specify \!\flushbottom!,
% the page is typeset as if \!\raggedbottom! were specified.
% 
% \item
% After a sync{}ation point is set, top floats will not be put in the page
% having the point any more and thus will be deferred to the next or
% succeeding page.
% \end{itemize}
% 
% 
% 
% \item[\ENV{column}{}]\mbox{}
% \Item[\ENV{column*}{\oarg{text}}]\mbox{}\par
% The environment \env{column} contains \meta{body} for the column next to
% what we are in just before \!\begin!|{|\env{column}|}|.  The starred
% version \env{column*} does the same after \sync{}ation and, if specified,
% the optional multi-column \meta{text} is put.
% 
% \Index{multi-column text}
% 
% \begin{itemize}
% \item
% The environments are almost equivalent to;
% \begin{quote}
% |{|\!\switchcolumn!\quad\meta{body}\quad\CSIndex{par}|}|\\
% |{|\!\switchcolumn!|*|\oarg{text}\quad\meta{body}\quad\CSIndex{par}|}|
% \end{quote}
% except for their first occurences which don't switch to the column 1
% (i.e., right column if two-columned) but stay in the leftmost column 0.
% More precicesly, \!\begin!|{|\env{column}(|*|)|}| does not make \cswitch{}
% if it is not preceded by \!\switchcolumn! nor other \csenv{}s.
% 
% \item
% The \meta{body} of the environments cannot have \!\switchcolumn! nor other
% \csenv{}s including \env{column}(|*|) themselves, or you will have an
% error message of illegal use of command\slash environment.
% 
% \item
% Column-switching\index{column-switching} does not take place at
% \!\end!|{|\env{column}(|*|)|}|.  Therefore, texts following the
% environments are put in the column in which \meta{body} resides until a
% \cswitch{} commnad\slash environment is given.
% \end{itemize}
% 
% 
% 
% \item[\ENV{nthcolumn}{\marg{col}}]\mbox{}
% \Item[\ENV{nthcolumn*}{\marg{col}\oarg{text}}]\mbox{}\par
% The environment \env{nthcolumn} contains \meta{body} for the column
% \meta{col}.  The starred version \env{nthcolumn*} does the same after
% \sync{}ation and, if specified, the optional multi-column \meta{text} is
% put.
% 
% \Index{multi-column text}
% 
% \begin{itemize}
% \item
% The environments are equivalent to;
% 
% \begin{quote}
% |{|\!\switchcolumn!\oarg{col}\quad\meta{body}\quad\CSIndex{par}|}|\\
% |{|\!\switchcolumn!\oarg{col}|*|\oarg{text}\quad
%     \meta{body}\quad\CSIndex{par}|}|
% \end{quote}
% 
% \item
% The \meta{body} of the environments cannot have \!\switchcolumn! nor other
% \csenv{}s including \env{nthcolumn}(|*|) themselves, or you will have an
% error message of illegal use of command\slash environment.
% 
% \item
% Column-switching\index{column-switching} does not take place at
% \!\end!|{|\env{nthcolumn}(|*|)|}|.  Therefore, texts following the
% environments are put in the column in which \meta{body} resides until a
% \cswitch{} commnad\slash environment is given.
% \end{itemize}
% 
% 
% 
% \newpage
% \item[\ENV{leftcolumn}{}]\mbox{}
% \Item[\ENV{leftcolumn*}{\oarg{text}}]\mbox{}
% \Item[\ENV{rightcolumn}{}]\mbox{}
% \Item[\ENV{rightcolumn*}{\oarg{text}}]\mbox{}\par\nobreak
% The environment \env{leftcolumn} contains \meta{body} for the leftmost
% column 0, while \env{rightcolumn} for the column 1 being the right column
% in two-column typesetting.  The starred versions \env{leftcolumn*} and
% \env{rightcolumn*} do the same after \sync{}ation and, if specified, the
% optional multi-column \meta{text} is put.
% 
% \Index{multi-column text}
% 
% \begin{itemize}
% \item
% The environments \env{leftcolumn}(|*|) are equivalent to;
% 
% \begin{quote}
% \Env{nthcolumn}{\Arg{\texttt{0}}}\\
% \Env{nthcolumn*}{\Arg{\texttt{0}}\oarg{text}}
% \end{quote}
% 
% while \env{rightcolumn}(|*|) are equivalent to;
% 
% \begin{quote}
% \Env{nthcolumn}{\Arg{\texttt{1}}}\\
% \Env{nthcolumn*}{\Arg{\texttt{1}}\oarg{text}}
% \end{quote}
% 
% \end{itemize}
% \end{description}
% 
% 
% \subsection{Command to Control Column Width} 
% \label{sec:ref-columnratio}
% \changes{v1.1}{2012/05/11}
% 	{Add description of \cs{columnratio}.}
% 
% \begin{description}
% \item[\Midx{\!\columnratio!}\Arg{$r_0,r_1,\cdots,r_k$}]\mbox{}\par
% The command defines the width of each column by the fraction $r_i$ to
% specify the portion which $i$-th ($i=0$ for the leftmost) column
% occupies.  More specifically, the width $\Midx{\w}_i$ of the $i$-th column
% is defined as follows, where $W$ is \!\textwidth!, $S$ is \!\columnsep!,
% and $n$ is the numnber of columns given to \beginparacol.
% 
% \begin{eqnarray*}
% W'&=&W-(n-1)S\\
% w_i&=&\cases{
%   r_iW'
%     \vrule height1.5\ht\strutbox depth1.5\dp\strutbox width0pt&$i\leq k$\cr
%   \displaystyle{(1-\sum_{j=0}^k r_j)W'\over n-(k+1)}&$i>k$}
% \end{eqnarray*}
% 
% \begin{itemize}
% \item
% The equations above imply that $k<n-1$, $r_i>0$ and $\sum_{j=0}^k
% r_j<1$.  If $k\geq n-1$, $k$ is assumed to be $n-2$ and all $r_i$ such
% that $i\geq n-1$ are ignored.  If $r_i$ or its sum does not satisfy the
% conditions, you will have an ugly result with ``Overful'' messages.
% 
% \item
% The argument $r_0,r_1,\cdots,r_k$ can be empty to mean $k=-1$ to let all
% column widths be $W'/n$ as default.
% 
% \item
% The setting of column width by the command takes effect in the |paracol|
% environments following the command\footnote{
% 
% If the command is in a \texttt{paracol} environment, the command does not
% affect the column widths of the environment but does the next ones, though
% such usage is very unusual.}.
% 
% Therefore, though placing the command in the preamble is the most natural
% way\footnote{
% 
% Or second most to not using it at all, of course.},
% 
% you may place this command between two |paracol| environments to change
% the column layout for the second one even when they appear in a page as
% shown in Section~\ref{sec:man-close}.
% 
% \item
% In the $i$-th column, \!\columnwidth! has $w_i$ and, for outermost
% paragraphs in the column, \!\linewidth! and \!\hsize! have $w_i$ as well.
% \end{itemize}
% \end{description}
% 
% 
% 
% \subsection{Commands for Counters}
% \label{sec:ref-counter}
% 
% \begin{description}
% \item[\Midx{\!\globalcounter!}\marg{ctr}]\mbox{}\par
% The command declares that the counter \meta{ctr} is global to all columns.
% An update of a \Uidx\gcounter{} in a column is seen by any other columns.
% 
% \begin{itemize}
% \item
% All column-local values of a descendant \lcounter{} of a \gcounter{} are
% zero-cleared when the \gcounter{} is explicitly stepped by \!\stepcounter!
% or \!\refstepcounter!, or implicitly by a sectioning command and so on.
% 
% \item
% The counter \counter{page} is always global but an explicit update of it
% by e.g., \!\setcounter! in a non-leftmost column is not seen by other
% columns and is canceled even for the column itself after a \cswitch{} or a
% page break in the column.  Therefore, if you want to make a \emph{jump} of
% \counter{page}, it must be done in the leftmost column 0.  Note that a
% jump from a page $p$ to $q$ can be seen in other columns even if they have
% gone beyond $p$ \emph{before} the column 0 makes the jump, as far as
% \counter{page} having $q$ (or its successor) is referred to by \!\pageref!
% or through \emph{contents} files such as |.toc|\footnote{
% 
% Direct reference to \counter{page} may give an inconsisent result, as you
% might have in ordinary \LaTeX{} documents.}.
% \end{itemize}
% 
% 
% 
% \item[\Midx{\!\definethecounter!}\marg{ctr}\marg{col}\marg{rep}]\mbox{}\par
% The command defines |\the|\meta{ctr} being \marg{rep} for the local use in
% the column \meta{col}.  That is, |\the|\meta{ctr} in the column \meta{col}
% acts as if it is defined by
% \!\renewcommand!\Arg{\cs{the}\meta{ctr}}\Arg{\meta{rep}}.
% 
% 
% 
% \item[\Midx{\!\synccounter!}\marg{ctr}]\mbox{}\par
% The command \emph{broadcasts} the value of the \lcounter{} \meta{ctr} in
% the column in which the command appears to the values in all other columns.
% 
% \item[\Midx{\!\syncallcounters!}]\mbox{}\par
% The command broadcasts the values of all \lcounter{}s in the column in
% which the command appears to the values in all other columns.
% \end{description}
% 
% 
% 
% \subsection{Control of Contents Output}
% \label{sec:ref-contents}
% 
% \begin{description}
% \item[\Midx{\!\addcontentsonly!}\marg{file}\marg{col}]\mbox{}\par
% The command inhibits the output of contents information to
% $\meta{file}\in\{|toc|,|lof|,|lot|\}$ from columns other than \meta{col}.
% 
% \begin{itemize}
% \ifx\ONLYDESCRIPTION\undefined
% \item
% For example, this manual has \!\addcontentsonly!|{toc}{0}| to
inhibit the % contents information output from \!\subsection! commands
in the right column % in % Section~\ref{sec:env} and~\ref{sec:float},
or the table should have % duplicated entries of sub-sections.
% 
% \else
% \item
% For example, if this manual had the table of contents,
% \!\addcontentsonly!|{toc}{0}| should be specified to inhibit the contents
% information output from \!\subsection! commands in Section~\ref{sec:env}
% and~\ref{sec:float}, or the table should have duplicated entries of
% sub-sections.
% \fi
% 
% \item
% It must be $\meta{file}\in\{|toc|,|lof|,|lot|\}$, or you will have an
% error message of illegal type of contents file.
% \end{itemize}
% \end{description}
% 
% 
% 
% \subsection{Page Flushing Commands}
% \label{sec:ref-flush}
% 
% \begin{description}
% \item[\Midx{\!\flushpage!}]\mbox{}\par
% The command flushes pages up to the {\em\Uidx\tpage} in which the \lcolumn{}
% resides.  Deferred floats which can be put in the pages up to the \tpage{}
% are also flushed.
% 
% \item[\Midx{\!\clearpage!}]\mbox{}\par
% The command does what \!\flushpage! does and then flushes all floats still
% deferred if any.  The deferred float flushing beyond the \tpage{} takes
% place at first for single-column ones creating \fcolumn{}s for them, and
% then for multi-column ones creating {\em\Uidx\fpage{}s} only with
% multi-column floats, as \LaTeX's \!\clearpage! does outside \env{paracol}
% environment.
% \end{description}
\endinput
