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% Chapter about scrlttr2 of the KOMA-Script guide
% Maintained by Markus Kohm
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% Kapitel über scrlttr2 in der KOMA-Script-Anleitung
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\ProvidesFile{scrlttr2.tex}[2008/07/10 KOMA-Script guide (chapter: scrlttr2)]
\translator{Harald Bongartz\and Georg Grandke\and Raimund Kohl\and Jens-Uwe
  Morawski\and Stephan Hennig\and Gernot Hassenpflug\and Markus Kohm}

% Date of translated german file: < 2007-09-17

\chapter{The New Letter Class \Class{scrlttr2}}
\labelbase{scrlttr2}

\BeginIndex{Class}{scrlttr2}\BeginIndex{}{letters}%
\begin{Explain}
  Since the June 2002 release {\KOMAScript} provides a completely
  rewritten letter class\ChangedAt{v2.8q}{\Class{scrlttr2}}. Although
  part of the code is identical to that of the main classes described
  in \autoref{cha:maincls}, letters are quite different from articles,
  reports, books, and suchlike.  That alone justifies a separate
  chapter about the letter class. But there is another reason for a
  chapter on \Class{scrlttr2}. This class has been redeveloped from
  scratch and provides a new user interface different from every other
  class the author knows of. This new user interface may be uncommon,
  but the author is convinced both experienced and new {\KOMAScript}
  users will benefit from its advantages.

\section{Looking Back on the Old Letter Class}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.scrlettr}

With the June 2002 release the old letter class
\Class{scrlettr}\IndexClass{scrlettr} became obsolete. It is
recommended not to use that class for new applications. There is no
more active development of the old letter class, and support is very
restricted. However, if you really need the documentation of the old
letter class, you can still find it in the file \File{scrlettr.dtx},
but only in German. You should run it through {\LaTeX} several times,
like this:
\begin{lstlisting}
  latex scrlettr.dtx
  latex scrlettr.dtx
  latex scrlettr.dtx
\end{lstlisting}
Then you obtain the file \File{scrlettr.dvi} containing the old German
manual.

To facilitate the transition to the new class, there is a
compatibility option. In general, the complete older functionality
still remains in the new class.  Without that compatibility option,
the user interface and the defaults will be different. More details on
%this option is provided in \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.options} and
%\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.fromscrlettr}.
this option are provided in \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.lcoFile},
\autoref{tab:lcoFiles} and \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.fromscrlettr}.
\end{Explain}

\section{Options}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.options}

The letter class \Class{scrlttr2} uses the package
\Package{keyval}\IndexPackage{keyval} to handle options. This is part
of the \Package{graphics} package (see \cite{package:graphics}). Since
\Package{graphics} is part of the \emph{required} section of {\LaTeX},
it should be found in every {\LaTeX} distribution. Should your {\TeX}
distribution contain {\LaTeX}, but not the packages \Package{graphics}
and \Package{keyval}, please complain to your {\TeX} distributor. If
you want to use \Class{scrlttr2}, you will have to install the
\Package{graphics} package yourself in that case.

\begin{Explain}
  The special feature of the \Package{keyval} package is that options
  can have values. Thus, you not only need a lot less options, but
  perhaps also fewer optional arguments. You will see that when
  discussing the \Environment{letter} environment in
  \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee},
  \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.env.letter}. The class will
  automatically load the \Package{keyval} package. If you need to
  supply options to the \Package{keyval} package, you should use the
  \Macro{PassOptionsToPackage} command before \Macro{documentclass}.
\end{Explain}

\subsection{Defining Options Later}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.options.late}
\BeginIndex{}{options}

This section anticipates a feature of the new letter class. The
meaning of this feature will not become clear until the structure of a
document with more than one letter inside and another feature of
\Class{scrlttr2} is understood. However, to keep the number of forward
references low, it is reasonable to describe the feature this early.

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{KOMAoptions}\Parameter{option list}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{KOMAoptions}%
A special feature of the \Class{scrlttr2} class is the possibility to
change many options even after loading the class. The
\Macro{KOMAoptions} command serves this purpose, taking options and
their values as arguments. You can list multiple options, separated by
commas, just like in the optional argument of
\Macro{documentclass}. If an option is only available when loading the
class, i.\,e., as an optional argument to \Macro{documentclass}, this
will be explicitly mentioned in the option's description.

\begin{Explain}
  If you set an option to an illegal value within the \PName{option
    list}, {\LaTeX} will stop and show an error message. By entering
  ``\texttt{h}'' you will get an explanation that will also list
  possible values for that particular option.
\end{Explain}
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{KOMAoptions}%
\EndIndex{}{options}%

\subsection{Options for  Compatibility}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.compatibilityOptions}
\BeginIndex{}{compatibility}%

People who archive their letters in source code format generally place
the highest priority on obtaining exactly the same results in future
{\LaTeX} runs. In some cases however, improvements and corrections to
the class can lead to changes in behaviour, particularly as regards
page breaking.

\begin{Declaration}
  \Option{version}=\PName{value}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{version}%
With\ChangedAt{v2.9t}{\Class{scrlttr2}} \Class{scrlttr2} there is the
choice, whether a source file should give, as far as is technically
possible, the same in any future {\LaTeX} runs, or whether the
document should be set according to the latest version of the
class. To which version compatibility should be retained is determined
by the option \Option{version}. The default is version 2.9t. The same effect can be obtained with
\begin{lstlisting}
  version=first
\end{lstlisting}
or
\begin{lstlisting}
  version=2.9
\end{lstlisting}
or
\begin{lstlisting}
  version=2.9t
\end{lstlisting}
If an unknown version is entered for \PName{value}, a warning is
output and for safety's sake \Option{version=}\PValue{first} is
assumed. With
\begin{lstlisting}
  version=last
\end{lstlisting}
the current newest version can be selected. In this case future
compatibility is waived. If the option is used without any value, then
\PValue{last} is assumed as well.

The question of compatibility concerns first and foremost page
breaking. New features which have no effect on page breaking will be
available even when compatibility to an earlier version is chosen by
this option. The option also has no effect on changes in page breaking
which result from the removal of old errors in the new version
class. If page breaking compatibility is required absolutely, to the
point of incorporating previous class errors, then the document should
rather be archived together with the relevant version of \KOMAScript.

It should be noted that the option \Option{version} can no longer be
changed after loading of the class.%
%
\EndIndex{Option}{version}%
%
\EndIndex{}{compatibility}%

\subsection{Page Layout Options}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.typeareaOptions}
\BeginIndex{}{page>layout}%

In contrast to the old \Class{scrlettr} class, but in agreement with
the other {\KOMAScript} classes, the \Class{scrlttr2} class refers to
the \Package{typearea} package for the construction of the page layout
(see \autoref{cha:typearea}). The package will be loaded by the class
automatically, and the class then controls the package. The necessary
options will be explained in this section.

\begin{Declaration}
  \Option{enlargefirstpage}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{enlargefirstpage}%
As described later in this chapter, the first page of a letter always
uses a different page layout. The \Class{scrlttr2} class provides a
mechanism to calculate height and vertical alignment of header and
footer of the first page independently of the following pages. If, as
a result, the footer of the first page would reach into the text area,
this text area is automatically made smaller using the
\Macro{enlargethispage}\IndexCmd{enlargethispage} macro. On the other
hand, if the text area should become larger, supposing that the footer
on the first page allows that, you can also use this option. At best,
a little more text will then fit on the first page. See also the
description of the pseudo-length \PLength{firstfootvpos} in
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstFoot},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.firstfootvpos}.  This option can
take the standard values for simple switches, as listed in
\autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}. Default is
\PValue{false}.
%
\EndIndex{Option}{enlargefirstpage}%
%
\EndIndex{}{page>layout}%

\subsection{Other Layout Options}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.layout}

In this subsection, you will find all options, except the specific
page layout options, that have an influence on the layout in
general. Strictly speaking, all page layout options
(see~\ref{sec:scrlttr2.typeareaOptions}) are also layout options, and
vice versa for some of them.

\begin{Declaration}
  \Option{cleardoublepage}=\PName{style}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{cleardoublepage~=\PName{style}}%
If you want pages inserted by the \Macro{cleardoublepage} command to
just contain a page number in the header and footer, or to be empty,
this can be accomplished with this option. There are three different
styles supported that are listed at
\autoref{tab:scrlttr2.cleardoublepage}. Default is \PValue{standard}.

\begin{table}
  \caption[{Possible values of option \Option{cleardoublepage} with
    \Class{scrlttr2}}]{Possible values of option \Option{cleardoublepage} for
    selection of page style of empty left pages with \Class{scrlttr2}}
  \label{tab:scrlttr2.cleardoublepage}
  \begin{desctabular}
    \pventry{empty}{switches to page style\Index{page>style}
        \PValue{empty}\IndexPagestyle{empty} for inserted pages}%
    \pventry{plain}{switches to page style
        \PValue{plain}\IndexPagestyle{plain} for inserted pages}
    \pventry{standard}{keeps the current page style for inserted pages}
  \end{desctabular}
\end{table}
%
\EndIndex{Option}{cleardoublepage~=\PName{style}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{headsepline}\PName{switch}\\
  \KOption{footsepline}\PName{switch}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{headsepline~=\PName{switch}}%
\BeginIndex{Option}{footsepline~=\PName{switch}}%
These two options insert a separator line below the header or above
the footer, respectively, on consecutive pages. In the terminology of
this manual, all pages of a letter except the first one are
consecutive pages.  This option can take the standard values for
simple switches, as listed in
\autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}. Default is
\PValue{false}. If one of the options is used without a value, like in
the declaration above, this evaluates as \PValue{true}, so the
separator line will be activated. When used as a \Macro{documentclass}
option, the option \Option{headinclude} or \Option{footinclude},
respectively, will be passed on to the \Package{typearea} package (see
\autoref{sec:typearea.options},
\autopageref{desc:typearea.option.headinclude}).
%
\EndIndex{Option}{headsepline~=\PName{switch}}%
\EndIndex{Option}{footsepline~=\PName{switch}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \Option{pagenumber}=\PName{position}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{pagenumber}%
This option defines if and where a page number will be placed on
consecutive pages. All pages without a letterhead are consecutive
pages. This option affects the page styles\Index{page>style}
\PValue{headings} and \PValue{plain}. It also affects the default page
styles of the \Package{scrpage2} package, if set before loading the
package (see \autoref{cha:scrpage}). It can take values only
influencing horizontal, only vertical, or both positions. Possible
value are shown in \autoref{tab:scrlttr2.pagenumber}. Default is
\PValue{botcenter}.

\begin{table}
  \caption[{Possible values of option \Option{pagenumber} with
    \Class{scrlttr2}}]{Possible values of option \Option{pagenumber} for the
    position of the page number in page styles \PValue{headings} and
    \PValue{plain} with \Class{scrlttr2}}
 \label{tab:scrlttr2.pagenumber}
  \begin{desctabular}
    \entry{\PValue{bot}, \PValue{foot}}{%
      page number in footer, horizontal position not changed}%
    \entry{\PValue{botcenter}, \PValue{botcentered}, \PValue{botmittle},
      \PValue{footcenter}, \PValue{footcentered}, \PValue{footmiddle}}{%
      page number in footer, centered}%
    \entry{\PValue{botleft}, \PValue{footleft}}{%
      page number in footer, left justified}%
    \entry{\PValue{botright}, \PValue{footright}}{%
      page number in footer, right justified}%
    \entry{\PValue{center}, \PValue{centered}, \PValue{middle}}{%
      page number centered horizontally, vertical position not changed}%
    \entry{\PValue{false}, \PValue{no}, \PValue{off}}{%
      no page number}%
    \entry{\PValue{head}, \PValue{top}}{%
      page number in header, horizontal position not changed}%
    \entry{\PValue{headcenter}, \PValue{headcentered}, \PValue{headmiddle},
      \PValue{topcenter}, \PValue{topcentered}, \PValue{topmiddle}}{%
      page number in header, centered}%
    \entry{\PValue{headleft}, \PValue{topleft}}{%
      page number in header, left justified}%
    \entry{\PValue{headright}, \PValue{topright}}{%
      page number in header, right justified}%
    \entry{\PValue{left}}{%
      page number left, vertical position not changed}%
    \entry{\PValue{right}}{%
      page number right, vertical position not changed}%
  \end{desctabular}
\end{table}
%
\EndIndex{Option}{pagenumber}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \Option{parskip}=\PName{value}
\end{Declaration}%
\BeginIndex{Option}{parskip~=\PName{value}}%
\begin{Explain}%
  Especially in letters you often encounter paragraphs marked not with
  indentation of the first line, but with a vertical skip between
  them. This is a matter of tradition. Apparently, it was easier for a
  secretary to operate the carriage return lever twice than to set an
  indentation using a tab stop or the space bar. Correct justification
  is almost impossible using a typewriter, so letters are
  traditionally typeset unjustified.

  However, typographers like Jan Tschichold take the view that
  letters, written using means available to modern typesetting, should
  take advantage of their possibilities just like other documents
  do. Under these circumstances, letters should also be typeset using
  paragraph indentation and justification.
\end{Explain}

As a reaction to many serious requests, \Class{scrlttr2} offers the
possibility to mark paragraphs not only by indentation of the first
line, but alternatively by a vertical skip. You can choose between a
full or half a line of vertical space. When using paragraph spacing,
it is often useful to keep the last line of a paragraph shorter so
that paragraph recognition will be eased. All these features are
controlled by different values for the \Option{parskip} option, shown
in \autoref{tab:scrlttr2.parskip}. Default is \PValue{false}.

\begin{table}
  \caption[{Possible values of option \Option{parskip} with
    \Class{scrlttr2}}]{Possible values of option \Option{parskip} to select
    the paragraph mark with \Class{scrlttr2}}
  \label{tab:scrlttr2.parskip}
  \begin{desctabular}
    \entry{\PValue{false}, \PValue{off}}{%
      paragraph indentation instead of vertical space; the last line of a
      paragraph may be arbitrarily filled}%
    \entry{\PValue{full}, \PValue{on}, \PValue{true}}{%
      one line vertical space between paragraphs; there must be at least
      1\Unit{em} free space in the last line of a paragraph}%
    \pventry{full*}{one line vertical space between paragraphs; there must be
      at least a quarter of a line free space at the end of a paragraph}%
    \pventry{full+}{one line vertical space between paragraphs; there must be
      at least a third of a line free space at the end of a paragraph}%
    \pventry{full-}{one line vertical space between paragraphs; the last line
      of a paragraph may be arbitrarily filled}%
    \pventry{half}{half a line vertical space between paragraphs; there must
      be at least 1\Unit{em} free space in the last line of a paragraph}%
    \pventry{half*}{half a line vertical space between paragraphs; there must
      be at least a quarter of a line free space at the end of a paragraph}%
    \pventry{half+}{half a line vertical space between paragraphs; there must
      be at least a third of a line free space at the end of a paragraph}%
    \pventry{half-}{one line vertical space between paragraphs}%
  \end{desctabular}
\end{table}
%
\EndIndex{Option}{parskip~=\PName{value}}%

\subsection{Font Options}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.fontOptions}

Fonts options are any options which influence the size of the base
font or of fonts for particular parts of the letter. In theory,
options affecting the font type would also count as font options. At
present there is only one option for font size in \Class{scrlttr2}.

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{fontsize}\PName{size}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{fontsize~=\PName{size}}%
Whereas in the main classes you choose the font size\Index{font>size}
for the document using the \Option{10pt}, \Option{12pt}, etc.,
options, in the \Class{scrlttr2} class the desired \PName{size} is set
using the \Option{fontsize} option. The functionality is however the
same. This option can only be used with \Macro{documentclass}, not
with \Macro{KOMAoptions}.  Default is \PValue{12pt}.
%
\EndIndex{Option}{fontsize~=\PName{size}}%

\subsection{Options for Letterhead and Address}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions}
\BeginIndex{}{letter>head}\BeginIndex{}{address}%

The \Class{scrlttr2} class offers numerous extensions for the design
of the letterhead.  There are also options for address formatting,
extending the possibilities of the standard letter class, although
these features could already be found in the now obsolete
\Class{scrlettr} class.

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{firsthead}\PName{switch}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{firsthead~=\PName{switch}}%
This\ChangedAt{v2.97e}{\Class{scrlttr2}} option determines whether the
letterhead will be typeset at all. The option undestands the standard
values for simple keys, given
in \autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}. Default is for the
letterhead to be set.
\EndIndex{Option}{firsthead~=\PName{switch}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{fromalign}\PName{value}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{fromalign~=\PName{value}}%
This option defines the placement of the return address in the
letterhead of the first page. Apart from the various options for
positioning the return address in the letterhead, there is also the
option\ChangedAt{v2.97e}{\Class{scrlttr2}} of adding the return
address to the sender's
extension\Index{sender's extension}. At the same
time, this option serves as a switch to activate or deactivate the
extended letterhead options. If these extensions are deactivated, some
other options will have no effect. This will be noted in the
explanations of the respective options. Possible values for
\Option{fromalign} are shown in
\autoref{tab:scrlttr2.fromalign}. Default is \PValue{left}.

\begin{table}
  \caption[{Possible values of option \Option{fromalign} with
    \Class{scrlttr2}}]{Possible values of option \Option{fromalign} for
    setting the position of the from address in the letterhead with
    \Class{scrlttr2}}
  \label{tab:scrlttr2.fromalign}
  \begin{desctabular}
    \entry{\PValue{center}, \PValue{centered}, \PValue{middle}}{%
      return address centered; an optional logo will be above the
      extended return address; letterhead extensions will be
      activated}%
    \entry{\PValue{false}, \PValue{no}, \PValue{off}}{%
      standard design will be used for the return address; the
      letterhead extensions are deactivated}%
    \entry{\PValue{left}}{%
      left-justified return address; an optional logo will be right
      justified; letterhead extensions will be activated}%
    \entry{\PValue{locationleft}, \PValue{leftlocation}}{%
      return address is set left-justified in the sender's extension;
      a logo, if applicable, will be placed above it; the letterhead
      is automatically deactivated but can be reactivated using option
      \Option{firsthead}.}%
    \entry{\PValue{locationright}, \PValue{rightlocation},
      \PValue{location}}{%
      return address is set right-justified in the sender's extension;
      a logo, if applicable, will be placed above it; the letterhead
      is automatically deactivated but can be reactivated using option
      \Option{firsthead}.}%
    \entry{\PValue{right}}{%
      right-justified return address; an optional logo will be left
      justified; letterhead extensions will be activated}%
  \end{desctabular}
\end{table}
%
\EndIndex{Option}{fromalign~=\PName{value}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{fromrule}\PName{value}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{fromrule~=\PName{value}}%
This option is part of the letterhead extensions (see option
\Option{fromalign} above). It allows you to place a horizontal line
within the return address. The possible values are shown in
\autoref{tab:scrlttr2.fromrule}. Default is \PValue{false}. You can
not activate more than one line at a time. Regarding the length of the
line, see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.other},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.fromrulewidth}.

\begin{table}
  \caption[{Possible values of option \Option{fromrule} with
    \Class{scrlttr2}}]{Possible values of option \Option{fromrule} for the
    position of the rule in the from address with
    \Class{scrlttr2}}
  \label{tab:scrlttr2.fromrule}
  \begin{desctabular}
  \entry{\PValue{afteraddress}, \PValue{below}, \PValue{on}, \PValue{true},
    \PValue{yes}}{%
    rule below the return address}%
  \entry{\PValue{aftername}}{%
    rule directly below the sender's name}%
  \entry{\PValue{false}, \PValue{no}, \PValue{off}}{%
    no rule}%
  \end{desctabular}
\end{table}
%
\EndIndex{Option}{fromrule~=\PName{value}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{fromphone}\PName{switch}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{fromphone~=\PName{switch}}%
This option is part of the letterhead extensions (see option
\Option{fromalign} above). It defines whether the phone number will be
part of the return address.  This option can take the standard values
for simple switches, as listed in
\autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}. Default is
\PValue{false}.
%
\EndIndex{Option}{fromphone~=\PName{switch}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{fromfax}\PName{switch}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{fromfax~=\PName{switch}}%
This option is part of the letterhead extensions (see option
\Option{fromalign} above). It defines whether the facsimile number
will be part of the return address.  This option can take the standard
values for simple switches, as listed in
\autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}. Default is
\PValue{false}.
%
\EndIndex{Option}{fromfax~=\PName{switch}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{fromemail}\PName{switch}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{fromemail~=\PName{switch}}%
This option is part of the letterhead extensions (see option
\Option{fromalign} above). It defines whether the
email address will be part of the return address.  This option can take
the standard values for simple switches, as listed in
\autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}. Default is \PValue{false}.
%
\EndIndex{Option}{fromemail~=\PName{switch}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{fromurl}\PName{switch}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{fromurl~=\PName{switch}}%
This option is part of the letterhead extensions (see option
\Option{fromalign} above). It defines whether the
URL will be part of the return address.  This option can take
the standard values for simple switches, as listed in
\autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}. Default is \PValue{false}.
%
\EndIndex{Option}{fromurl~=\PName{switch}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{fromlogo}\PName{switch}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{fromlogo~=\PName{switch}}%
This option is part of the letterhead extensions (see option
\Option{fromalign} above). It defines whether the logo will be part of
the return address.  This option can take the standard values for
simple switches, as listed in
\autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}. Regarding the placement
of the logo, see also the explanation of the option \Option{fromalign}
above. Default is \PValue{false}.
%
\EndIndex{Option}{fromlogo~=\PName{switch}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{addrfield}\PName{switch}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{addrfield~=\PName{switch}}%
This option defines whether an address field will be set. Default is
to use the address field. This option can take the standard values for
simple switches, as listed in
\autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}. Default is
\PValue{true}.
%
\EndIndex{Option}{addrfield~=\PName{switch}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{backaddress}\PName{switch}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{backaddress~=\PName{switch}}%
This option defines whether a return address for window envelopes will
be set. Default is to use the return address. If the address field is
suppressed (see option \Option{addrfield}), there will be no return
address either. This option can take the standard values for simple
switches, as listed in \autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}.
Default is \PValue{true}.
%
\EndIndex{Option}{backaddress~=\PName{switch}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{subject}\PName{value}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{subject~=\PName{value}}%
This option serves two purposes: first, you can choose if your
subject\Index{subject} should have a title, given by the
\PName{subject} variable (see \autoref{tab:scrlttr2.subjectTerm},
\autopageref{tab:scrlttr2.subjectTerm}); second, you can choose if the
subject should be set before or after the opening. Furthermore, the
formatting\ChangedAt{v2.97c}{\Class{scrlttr2}} of the subject can be
modified. Possible values for this option are shown in
\autoref{tab:scrlttr2.subject}. It is expressly noted that when using
the setting \PValue{underlined}, the subject must fit on one line!
Defaults are \PValue{beforeopening} and \PValue{untitled}.
\begin{table}
  \caption[{Possible values of option \Option{subject} with
    \Class{scrlttr2}}]{Possible values of option \Option{subject} for the
    position of the subject with
    \Class{scrlttr2}}
  \label{tab:scrlttr2.subject}
  \begin{desctabular}
    \pventry{afteropening}{set subject after opening}%
    \pventry{beforeopening}{set subject before opening}%
    \pventry{centered}{set subject centered}%
    \pventry{left}{set subject left-justified}%
    \pventry{right}{set subject right-justified}%
    \pventry{titled}{add title to subject}%
    \pventry{underlined}{set subject underlined (see note in text)}%
    \pventry{untitled}{do not add title to subject}%
  \end{desctabular}
\end{table}
%
\EndIndex{Option}{subject~=\PName{value}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{locfield}\PName{value}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{locfield~=\PName{value}}%
\Class{scrlttr2} places a field with additional sender attributes next
to the address field. This can be used, for example, for bank account
or similar additional information.  Depending on the
\Option{fromalign} option, it will also be used for the sender
logo. The width of this field may be defined within an \File{lco} file
(see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.lcoFile}). If the width is set to 0 in that file,
then the \Option{locfield} option can toggle between two presets for
the field width. See the explanation on the \Variable{locwidth} pseudo
length in \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.locationField},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.locwidth}. Possible values for this
option are shown in \autoref{tab:scrlttr2.locfield}. Default is
\PValue{narrow}.

\begin{table}
  \caption[{Possible values of option \Option{locfield} with
    \Class{scrlttr2}}]{Possible values of option \Option{locfield} for setting
    the width of the field with additional sender attributes with
    \Class{scrlttr2}}
  \label{tab:scrlttr2.locfield}
  \begin{desctabular}
    \pventry{narrow}{narrow sender supplement field}%
    \pventry{wide}{wide sender supplement field}%
  \end{desctabular}
\end{table}
%
\EndIndex{Option}{locfield~=\PName{value}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{foldmarks}\PName{value}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{foldmarks~=\PName{value}}%
This option activates or deactivates foldmarks\Index{foldmark} for
vertical two-, three- or four-panel folding, and a single horizontal
folding, of the letter, whereby the folding need not result in
equal-sized parts. The position of the four horizontal and the single
vertical marks are configurable via pseudo-lengths (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.foldmarks} from
\autopageref{sec:scrlttr2.foldmarks} onwards).

The user has a choice: Either one may use the standard values for
simple switches, as described in
\autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}, to activate or
deactivate at once all configured foldmarks on the left and upper
edges of the paper; or\ChangedAt{v2.97e}{\Class{scrlttr2}} one may
specify by one or more letters, as listed in
\autoref{tab:scrlttr2.foldmark}, the use of the individual foldmarks
independently. Also in the latter case the foldmarks will only be
shown if they have not been switched off generally with one of
\PValue{false}, \PValue{off} or \PValue{no}. The exact positioning of
the foldmarks is specified in the user settings, that is, the
\File{lco} files (see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.lcoFile}) chosen for a
letter. Default values are \PValue{true} and \PValue{TBMPL}.

The exact placement of the fold marks for three-panel letter folding
depends on user settings, that is, the \File{lco} files (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.lcoFile}). The folding need not result in
equal-sized parts. This option can take the standard values for simple
switches, as listed in \autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}. Default is
\PValue{true}, which implies setting the fold marks.
\begin{table}
  \centering
  \caption{Combined values for the configuration of foldmarks with the
    option \Option{foldmarks}}
  \label{tab:scrlttr2.foldmark}
  \begin{desctabular}
    \pventry{B}{activate upper horizontal foldmark on left paper edge}%
    \pventry{b}{deactivate upper horizontal foldmark on left paper edge}%
    \pventry{H}{activate all horizontal foldmarks on left paper edge}%
    \pventry{h}{deactivate all horizontal foldmarks on left paper edge}%
    \pventry{L}{activate left vertical foldmark on upper paper edge}%
    \pventry{l}{deactivate left vertical foldmark on upper paper edge}%
    \pventry{M}{activate middle horizontal foldmark on left paper edge}%
    \pventry{m}{deactivate middle horizontal foldmark on left paper edge}%
    \pventry{P}{activate punch or center mark on left paper edge}%
    \pventry{p}{deactivate punch or center mark on left paper edge}%
    \pventry{T}{activate lower horizontal foldmark on left paper edge}%
    \pventry{t}{deactivate lower horizontal foldmark on left paper edge}%
    \pventry{V}{activate all vertical foldmarks on upper paper edge}%
    \pventry{v}{deactivate all vertical foldmarks on upper paper edge}%
  \end{desctabular}
\end{table}
\begin{Example}
  Assume that you would like to deactivate all foldmarks exept the punching
  mark.  This you can accomplish with, for example:
  \begin{lstlisting}
    \KOMAoption{foldmarks=blmt}
  \end{lstlisting}
  as long as the defaults have not been changed previously. If some changes
  might have been made before, then for added safety you may use:
  \begin{lstlisting}
    \KOMAoption{foldmarks=true,foldmarks=blmtP}
  \end{lstlisting}
\end{Example}%
\EndIndex{Option}{foldmarks~=\PName{value}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{numericaldate}\PName{switch}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{numericaldate~=\PName{switch}}%
This option toggles between the standard, language-dependent date
presentation, and a short, numerical one. {\KOMAScript} does not
provide the standard presentation. It should be defined by packages
such as \Package{german}\IndexPackage{german},
\Package{babel}\IndexPackage{babel}, or
\Package{isodate}\IndexPackage{isodate}. The short, numerical
presentation, on the other hand, is produced by \Class{scrlttr2}
itself. This option can take the standard values for simple switches,
as listed in \autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}. Default is
\PValue{false}, which results in standard date presentation. In the
now obsolete \Class{scrlettr} class, the opposite effect was achieved
using the \Option{orgdate} option.
%
\EndIndex{Option}{numericaldate~=\PName{switch}}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \Option{refline}\PName{value}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{refline~=\PName{value}}%
With the \Class{scrlttr2} class, the header, footer, address, and
sender attributes may extend beyond the normal type area to the left
and to the right. This option defines whether that should also apply
to the reference fields line. Normally, the reference fields line
contains at least the date, but it can hold additional data. Possible
values for this option are shown in
\autoref{tab:scrlttr2.refline}. Default is \PValue{narrow}.

\begin{table}
  \caption[{Possible value of option \Option{refline} with
    \Class{scrlttr2}}]{Possible value of option \Option{refline} for setting
    the width of the reference fields line with
    \Class{scrlttr2}}
  \label{tab:scrlttr2.refline}
  \begin{desctabular}
    \pventry{narrow}{reference fields line restricted to type area}%
    \pventry{wide}{reference fields line corresponds to address and
      sender attributes}%
  \end{desctabular}
\end{table}
%
\EndIndex{Option}{refline~=\PName{value}}%

%
\EndIndex{}{letter>head}\EndIndex{}{address}%

\subsection{Options for the Letterfoot}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.footoptions}
\BeginIndex{}{letter>footer}

The letterfoot is the footer of the first page of the letter. There
exist some special rules for its placement, which are given in the
description of the option
\Option{enlargefirstpage}\IndexOption{enlargefirstpage} (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.typeareaOptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.enlargefirstpage}) and the
pseudo-length \PLength{firstfootvpos}\IndexPLength{firstfootvpos}
(siehe \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstFoot},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.firstfootvpos}).

\begin{Declaration}
  \Option{firstfoot}\PName{switch}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{firstfoot~=\PName{switch}}%
This\ChangedAt{v2.97e}{\Class{scrlttr2}} option determines whether the
letterfoot is set or not. If the letterfoot is not set then the
pseudo-length \PLength{firstfootvpos} is also ignored, and instead
\Class{scrlttr2} assumes that the value is equal to
\Length{paperheight}.  This has an effect when the option
\Option{enlargefirstpage} (see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstFoot},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.firstfootvpos}) is used
concurrently.
  
The option understands the standard values for simple switches, as
given in \autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}. Default is the setting
of the letterfoot.
\EndIndex{Option}{firstfoot~=\PName{switch}}%

\EndIndex{}{letter>footer}

\subsection{Formatting Options}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.formatingOptions}

Formatting options are those which influence form or formatting of the
output and do not belong to another section. You might also call them
the \emph{miscellaneous options}.

\begin{Declaration}
  \KOption{draft}\PName{switch}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Option}{draft~=\PName{switch}}%
This option toggles between the final\Index{final version} and the
draft\Index{draft version} version of a document. In particular,
enabling the \Option{draft} option activates little black boxes that
will be drawn at the end of overfull lines. These boxes allow the
unpracticed eye to more easily identify paragraphs that need manual
intervention. When the \Option{draft} option is disabled, there will
be no such boxes. This option can take the standard values for simple
switches, as listed in \autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}.  Default is
\PValue{false}, as usual. However, I strongly recommend enabling the
\Option{draft} option when designing a letter, as for every other
document.
%
\EndIndex{Option}{draft~=\PName{switch}}%

\subsection{The Letter Class Option Files}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.lcoFile}

\BeginIndex{}{lco=\File{lco}}\BeginIndex{}{letter>class option}%
Normally, you would not redefine parameters like the distance between
the address field and the top edge of the paper every time you write a
letter. Instead, you would reuse a whole set of parameters for certain
occasions. It will be much the same for the letterhead and footer used
on the first page. Therefore, it is reasonable to save these settings
in a separate file. For this purpose, the \Class{scrlttr2} class
offers the \File{lco} files. The \File{lco} suffix is an abbreviation
for \emph{\emph{l}etter \emph{c}lass \emph{o}ption}.

In an \File{lco} file you can use all commands available to the
document at the time the \File{lco} file is loaded.  Additionally, it
can contain internal commands available to package writers. For
\Class{scrlttr2}, these are in particular the commands
\Macro{@newplength}, \Macro{@setplength}, and \Macro{@addtoplength}
(see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.pseudoLength}).

There are already some \File{lco} files included in the {\KOMAScript}
distribution. The \File{DIN.lco}, \File{DINmtext.lco},
\File{SNleft.lco}, and \File{SN.lco} files serve to adjust
{\KOMAScript} to different layout standards. They are well suited as
templates for your own parameter sets. The \File{KOMAold.lco} file, on
the other hand, serves to improve compatibility with the old letter
class \Class{scrlettr}.  Since it contains internal commands not open
to package writers, you should not use this as a template for your own
\File{lco} files. You can find a list of predefined \File{lco} files
in \autoref{tab:lcoFiles}, \autopageref{tab:lcoFiles}.

\begin{Explain}
  If you have defined a parameter set for a letter standard not yet
  supported by \KOMAScript, you are explicitly invited to send this
  parameter set to the {\KOMAScript} support address. Please do not
  forget to include the permission for distribution under the
  {\KOMAScript} license (see the \File{lppl.txt} file). If you know
  the necessary metrics for an unsupported letter standard, but are
  not able to write a corresponding \File{lco} file yourself, you can
  also contact the {\KOMAScript} author, Markus Kohm, directly.
\end{Explain}

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{LoadLetterOption}\Parameter{name}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{LoadLetterOption}%
Usually, the \File{lco} files will be loaded by the
\Macro{documentclass} command. You enter the name of the \File{lco} file
without suffix as an option. The \File{lco} file will be loaded right
after the class file.

However, it is also possible to load an \File{lco} file later, or even
from within another \File{lco} file. This can be done with the
\Macro{LoadLetterOption} command, which takes the \PName{name} of the
\File{lco} file without suffix as a parameter.
\begin{Example}
You write a document containing several letters. Most of them should
comply with the German DIN standard. So you start with:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \documentclass{scrlttr2}
\end{lstlisting}
However, one letter should use the \File{DINmtext} variant, with the
address field placed more toward the top, which results in more text
fitting on the first page. The folding will be modified so that the
address field still matches the address window in a DIN~C6/5 envelope.
You can achieve this as follows:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \begin{letter}{Markus Kohm\\
      Freiherr-von-Drais-Stra\ss e 66\\68535 Edingen-Neckarhausen}
    \LoadLetterOption{DINmtext}
    \opening{Hello,}
\end{lstlisting}
Since construction of the page does not start before the
\Macro{opening} command, it is sufficient to load the \File{lco} file
before this. In particular, the laoding need not be done before
\Macro{begin}\PParameter{letter}. Therefore the changes made by
loading the \File{lco} file are local to the corresponding letter.
\end{Example}

\begin{Explain}
  If\ChangedAt{v2.97}{\Class{scrlttr2}} an \File{lco} file is loaded
  via \Macro{documentclass}, then it may no longer have the same name
  as an option.
\end{Explain}

\begin{Example}
  You do not want to enter your sender address every time, so you
  create an \File{lco} file with the necessary data, like this:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \ProvidesFile{mkohm.lco}[2002/02/25 letter class option]
  \setkomavar{fromname}{Markus Kohm}
  \setkomavar{fromaddress}{Freiherr-von-Drais-Stra\ss e 66\\
                           68535 Edingen-Neckarhausen}
\end{lstlisting}
The command \Macro{setkomavar} used above, and the principle of
variables will be explained in detail
in\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.variables},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.cmd.setkomavar}. In the example given
here, knowledge of the exact function of the command is not
critical. It is only important to note what can be done with
\File{lco} files, less so exactly how this might be
accomplished. Please note that the German sharp s, ``\ss'', was
entered using the {\TeX} macro \Macro{ss}, because directly after
\Macro{documentclass} no packages for input encoding, for example
\Macro{usepackage}\PValue{[latin1]}\PParameter{inputenc} for Unix or
\Macro{usepackage}\PValue{[ansinew]}\PParameter{inputenc} for Windows,
and no language packages, like
\Macro{usepackage}\PParameter{ngerman}\IndexPackage{ngerman} for the
new German orthography, are loaded.
  
However, if you would always use the same input encoding, you could
also include it into your \File{lco} file. This would look as follows:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \ProvidesFile{mkohm.lco}[2002/02/25 letter class option]
  \RequirePackage[latin1]{inputenc}
  \setkomavar{fromname}{Markus Kohm}
  \setkomavar{fromaddress}{Freiherr-von-Drais-Stra\ss e 66\\
                             68535 Edingen-Neckarhausen}
\end{lstlisting}
There is one distinct disadvantage with this usage: you can no longer
load this \File{lco} file later in your document. If you want to have
letters with different senders in one document, you should therefore
refrain from loading packages in your \File{lco} file.
  
Let us further assume that I always typeset letters using the preset
parameters \File{KOMAold}. Then I could add the following line to my
\File{mkohm.lco} file:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \LoadLetterOption{KOMAold}
\end{lstlisting}
  
  Anyway, now you can preset my sender address using
\begin{lstlisting}
  \documentclass[mkohm]{scrlttr2}
\end{lstlisting}
\end{Example}

In \autoref{tab:lcoFiles}, \autopageref{tab:lcoFiles} you can find a
list of all predefined \File{lco} files. If you use a printer that has
large unprintable areas on the left or right side, you might have
problems with the \Option{SN}\IndexOption{SN} option. Since the Swiss
standard SN~101\,130 defines the address field to be placed 8\Unit{mm} from
the right paper edge, the headline and the sender attributes too will
be set with the same small distance from the paper edge. This also
applies to the reference fields line when using the
\Option{refline}\PValue{=wide} option (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.refline}). If you have this kind of
problem, create your own \File{lco} file that loads \Option{SN} first
and then changes \PLength{toaddrhpos}\IndexPLength{toaddrhpos} (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.toaddrvpos}) to a smaller
value. Additionally, also reduce \PLength{toaddrwidth} accordingly.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{LoadLetterOption}%

\begin{desctable}
  \caption{The predefined \File{lco} files\label{tab:lcoFiles}}\\
  \Endfirsthead%
  \caption[]{The predefined \File{lco} files (\emph{continuation})}\\
  \Endhead%
  \standardfoot%
  \oentry{DIN}{%
    parameter set for letters on A4-size paper, complying with German
    standard DIN~676; suitable for window envelopes in the sizes C4,
    C5, C6, and C6/5 (C6 long).}%
  \oentry{DINmtext}{%
    parameter set for letters on A4-size paper, complying with
    DIN~676, but using an alternate layout with more text on the first
    page; only suitable for window envelopes in the sizes C6 and C6/5
    (C6 long).}%
  \oentry{KOMAold}{%
    parameter set for letters on A4-size paper using a layout close to
    the now obsolete \Class{scrlettr} letter class; suitable for
    window envelopes in the sizes C4, C5, C6, and C6/5 (C6 long); some
    additional commands to improve compatibility with obsolete
    \Class{scrlettr} commands are defined; \Class{scrlttr2} may behave
    slightly different when used with this \File{lco} file than with
    the other \File{lco} files.}%
  \oentry{NipponEL}{%
    parameter set for Japanese letters in A4 format; suitable for
    Japanese window envelopes of types Chou or You 3 or 4, in which
    the windows is approximately 90\Unit{mm} wide, 45\Unit{mm} high,
    and positioned 22\Unit{mm} from the left and 12\Unit{mm} from the
    top edge (see \autoref{cha:japanlco}).}%
  \oentry{NipponEH}{%
    parameter set for Japanese letters in A4 format; suitable for
    Japanese window envelopes of types Chou or You 3 or 4, in which
    the windows is approximately 90\Unit{mm} wide, 55\Unit{mm} high,
    and positioned 22\Unit{mm} from the left and 12\Unit{mm} from the
    top edge (see \autoref{cha:japanlco}).}%
  \oentry{NipponLL}{%
    parameter set for Japanese letters in A4 format; suitable for
    Japanese window envelopes of types Chou or You 3 or 4, in which
    the windows is approximately 90\Unit{mm} wide, 45\Unit{mm} high,
    and positioned 25\Unit{mm} from the left and 12\Unit{mm} from the
    top edge (see \autoref{cha:japanlco}).}%
  \oentry{NipponLH}{%
    parameter set for Japanese letters in A4 format; suitable for
    Japanese window envelopes of types Chou or You 3 or 4, in which
    the windows is approximately 90\Unit{mm} wide, 55\Unit{mm} high,
    and positioned 25\Unit{mm} from the left and 12\Unit{mm} from the
    top edge (see \autoref{cha:japanlco}).}%
  \oentry{NipponRL}{%
    parameter set for Japanese letters in A4 format; suitable for
    Japanese window envelopes of types Chou or You 3 or 4, in which
    the windows is approximately 90\Unit{mm} wide, 45\Unit{mm} high,
    and positioned 25\Unit{mm} from the left and 24\Unit{mm} from the
    top edge (see \autoref{cha:japanlco}).}%
  \oentry{KakuLL}{%
    parameter set for Japanese letters in A4 format; suitable for
    Japanese window envelopes of type Kaku A4, in which the windows is
    approximately 90\Unit{mm} wide, 45\Unit{mm} high, and positioned
    25\Unit{mm} from the left and 24\Unit{mm} from the top edge (see
    \autoref{cha:japanlco}).}%
  \oentry{SN}{%
    parameter set for Swiss letters with address field on the right
    side, according to SN~010\,130; suitable for Swiss window
    envelopes in the sizes C4, C5, C6, and C6/5 (C6 long).}%
  \oentry{SNleft}{%
    parameter set for Swiss letters with address field on the left
    side; suitable for Swiss window envelopes with window on the left
    side in the sizes C4, C5, C6, and C6/5 (C6 long).}%
\end{desctable}

\begin{Explain}
\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{LetterOptionNeedsPapersize}%
    \Parameter{option name}\Parameter{paper size}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{LetterOptionNeedsPapersize}
As mentioned in \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.typeareaOptions}, at present
there exist only parameter sets and \File{lco} files for A4-sized
paper. In order that you will at least be warned when using another
\PName{paper size}, you will find a \Macro{LetterOptionNeedsPapersize}
command in every \File{lco} file distributed with {\KOMAScript}. The
first argument is the name of the \File{lco} file without the
``\File{.lco}'' suffix. The second argument is the paper size for
which the \File{lco} file is designed.

If several \File{lco} files are loaded in succession, a
\Macro{LetterOptionNeedsPapersize} command can be contained in each of
them, but the \Macro{opening} command will only check the last given
\PName{paper size}. As shown in the following example, an experienced
user can thus easily write \File{lco} files with parameter sets for
other paper sizes. If you do not plan to set up such \File{lco} files
yourself, you may just forget about this option and skip the example.

\begin{Example}
  Suppose you use A5-sized paper in normal, i.\,e., upright or
  portrait, orientation for your letters. We further assume that you
  want to put them into standard C6 window envelopes. In that case,
  the position of the address field would be the same as for a DIN
  standard letter on A4-sized paper. The main difference is that A5
  paper needs only one fold. So you want to disable the upper and
  lower fold marks. The easiest way to achieve this is to place the
  marks outside of the paper area.
\begin{lstlisting}
  \ProvidesFile{paper=a5.lco}[2002/05/02 letter class option]
  \LetterOptionNeedsPapersize{paper=a5}{a5}
  \@setplength{tfoldmarkvpos}{\paperheight}
  \@setplength{bfoldmarkvpos}{\paperheight}
\end{lstlisting}
Besides this, the placement of the foot, that is, the pseudo-length
\PLength{firstfootvpos}, must be adjusted. It is left to the reader to
find an appropriate value. When using such an \File{lco} file, you
must only take care that other \File{lco} file options, like
\File{SN}, are declared before the paper size, i.\,e., before loading
``\File{paper=a5.lco}''. Does this seem too complicated?  Only before
you have used it the first time. Anyway, how often do you write
letters not using your standard formats for A4-size or letter-size
paper?
\end{Example}
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{LetterOptionNeedsPapersize}
\end{Explain}

By the way, the \File{DIN} \File{lco} file will always be loaded as
the first \File{lco} file. This ensures that all pseudo-lengths will
have more or less reasonable default values.

Please note that it is not possible to use \Macro{PassOptionsToPackage}
to pass options to packages from within an \File{lco} file that have
already been loaded by the class. Normally, this only applies to the
\Package{typearea}, \Package{scrlfile}, and \Package{keyval} packages.
%
\EndIndex{}{lco=\File{lco}}\EndIndex{}{letter>class option}%

\section{General Document Properties}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.general}

Some document properties are not assigned to any particular part of
the document such as to the letterhead or the letter body. Several of
these properties have already been mentioned or explained in
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.options}.


\subsection{Font Selection}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.font}

\BeginIndex{}{font>style}\BeginIndex{}{font>size}%
\begin{Explain}
  Commands for defining, extending and querying the font of a specific
  element can be found in \autoref{sec:maincls.font}. These commands
  work exactly the same in \Class{scrlttr2}. The elements which can be
  influenced in this way are listed in
  \autoref{tab:scrlttr2.elementsWithoutText}.
  % 
  \begin{desctable}
    \caption{Alphabetical list of elements whose font can be changed in
      \Class{scrlttr2} using the commands \Macro{setkomafont} and
      \Macro{addtokomafont}\label{tab:scrlttr2.elementsWithoutText}}\\
    \Endfirsthead
    \caption[]{Elements whose font can be changed
      (\emph{continuation})}\\
    \Endhead%
    \standardfoot%
    \feentry{addressee}{name und address in address field}%
    \feentry{backaddress}{%
      return address for a window envelope}%
    \feentry{descriptionlabel}{%
      label, i.\,e., the optional argument of \Macro{item}, in a
      \Environment{description} environment}%
    \feentry{foldmark}{foldmark on the letter page; intended for color
      settings}%
    \feentry{fromaddress}{%
      sender's address in the letterhead}%
    \feentry{fromname}{%
      sender's address in the letterhead if different from
      \FontElement{fromaddress}}%
    \feentry{fromrule}{line in return address field in letterhead;
      intended for color settings}%
    \feentry{pagefoot}{%
      in most cases the footer, sometimes the header of a page}%
    \feentry{pagehead}{%
      in most cases the header, sometimes the footer of page}%
    \feentry{pagenumber}{%
      page number in the footer or header, inserted with
      \Macro{pagemark}}%
    \feentry{specialmail}{mode of dispatch in address field}%
    \feentry{subject}{%
      subject in the opening of the letter}%
    \feentry{title}{%
      title in the opening of the letter}%
    \feentry{toaddress}{variation of the element
      \FontElement{addressee} for setting the adressee address (less
      the name) in the adress field}%
    \feentry{toname}{variation of the element \FontElement{addressee}
      for the name (only) of the addressee in the address field}%
  \end{desctable}
\end{Explain}
% 
\EndIndex{}{font>style}\EndIndex{}{font>size}%


\subsection{Page Style}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.pageStyle} One of the general properties of a
document is the page style. Please refer also to
\autoref{sec:maincls.pageStyle} and \autoref{cha:scrpage}.

\begin{Declaration}
\Macro{pagestyle}\PParameter{empty}\\
\XMacro{pagestyle}\PParameter{plain}\\
\XMacro{pagestyle}\PParameter{headings}\\
\XMacro{pagestyle}\PParameter{myheadings}\\
\XMacro{thispagestyle}\Parameter{local page style}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{pagestyle}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{thispagestyle}%
\BeginIndex{Pagestyle}{empty}%
\BeginIndex{Pagestyle}{plain}%
\BeginIndex{Pagestyle}{headings}%
\BeginIndex{Pagestyle}{myheadings}%
In letters written with \Class{scrlttr2} there are four different
page styles.
\begin{description}
\item[empty] is the page style, in which the header and footer of
  subsequent pages (all pages apart from the first) are completely
  empty. This page style is also used for the first page, because
  header and footer of this page are set by otehr means using the
  macro \Macro{opening}\IndexCmd{opening} (see
  \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead}, \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstFoot},
  as well as \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.opening},
  \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.cmd.opening}).

\item[plain] is the page style with only page numbers in the header or
  footer on subsequent pages. The placement of these page numbers is
  determined by the option \Option{pagenumber} (see
  \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.layout},
  \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.pagenumber}).

\item[headings] is the page style for running (automatic) headings on
  subsequent pages. The inserted marks are the sender's name from the
  variable \Variable{fromname}\IndexVariable{fromname} and the subject
  from the variable \Variable{subject}\IndexVariable{subject} (see
  \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead},
  \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.fromname} and
  \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.titleSubject},
  \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.subject}). At which position
  these marks and the page numbers are placed, depends on the option
  \Option{pagenumber} (see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.layout},
  \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.pagenumber}). The author can also
  change these marks manually after the \Macro{opening} command. To
  this end, the commands \Macro{markboth} and \Macro{markright} are
  available as usual, and with the use of package \Package{scrpage2}
  also \Macro{markleft} (see \autoref{sec:scrpage.basics.mark},
  \autopageref{desc:scrpage.cmd.automark}) is available.

\item[myheadings] is the page style for manual page headings on
  subsequent pages. This is very similar to \PValue{headings}, but
  here the marks must be set by the author using the commands
  \Macro{markboth}\IndexCmd{markboth} and
  \Macro{markright}\Index{markright}.  With the use of package
  \Package{scrpage2} also \Macro{markleft} can be utilized.
\end{description}

In the terminology of this manual, subsequent pages are all pages of a
letter except for the first one.

Page styles are also influenced by the option
\Option{headsepline}\IndexOption{headsepline} and
\Option{footsepline}\IndexOption{footsepline} (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.layout},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.headsepline}). The page style
beginning with the current page is switched using
\Macro{pagestyle}. In contrast, \Macro{thispagestyle} changes only the
page style of the current page. The letter class itself uses
\Macro{thispagestyle}\PParameter{empty} within
\Macro{opening}\IndexCmd{opening} for the first page of the letter.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{pagestyle}%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{thispagestyle}%
\EndIndex{Pagestyle}{empty}%
\EndIndex{Pagestyle}{plain}%
\EndIndex{Pagestyle}{headings}%
\EndIndex{Pagestyle}{myheadings}%

\BeginIndex[indexother]{}{font>style}%
For changing the font style of headers or footers you should use the
user interface described in \autoref{sec:maincls.font}.  For header
and footer the same element is used, which you can name either
\FontElement{pagehead}\IndexFontElement{pagehead} or
\FontElement{pagefoot}\IndexFontElement{pagefoot}. The element for the
page number within the header or footer is named
\FontElement{pagenumber}\IndexFontElement{pagenumber}.  Default
settings are listed in \autoref{tab:maincls.defaultFontsHeadFoot},
\autopageref{tab:maincls.defaultFontsHeadFoot}.  Please have also a
look at the example in \autoref{sec:maincls.pageStyle},
\autopageref{sec:maincls.pageStyle.example}.
%
\EndIndex[indexother]{}{font>style}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{clearpage}\\
  \Macro{cleardoublepage}\\
  \Macro{cleardoublestandardpage}\\
  \Macro{cleardoubleplainpage}\\
  \Macro{cleardoubleemptypage}
\end{Declaration}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{clearpage}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{cleardoublepage}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{cleardoublestandardpage}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{cleardoubleplainpage}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{cleardoubleemptypage}%
Please refer to \autoref{sec:maincls.pageStyle},
\autopageref{desc:maincls.cmd.clearpage}. The function
of \Macro{cleardoublepage} in \Class{scrlttr2} depends on the
option \Option{cleardoublepage} which is described in more detail
in \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.layout},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.cleardoublepage}.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{clearpage}%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{cleardoublepage}%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{cleardoublestandardpage}%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{cleardoubleplainpage}%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{cleardoubleemptypage}%



\subsection{Variables}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.variables}

\BeginIndex{}{variables}%
Apart from options, commands, environments, counters and lengths,
additional elements have already been introduced in \KOMAScript.  A
typical property of an element is the font style and the option to
change it (see \autoref{sec:maincls.font}). At this point we now
introduce variables. Variables have a name by which they are called,
and they have a content. The content of a variable can be set
independently from time and location of the actual usage in the same
way as the contents of a command can be separated from its usage. The
main difference between a command and a variable is that a command
usually triggers an action, whereas a variable only consists of plain
text which is then output by a command. Furthermore, a variable can
additionally have a description which can be set and output.

This section specifically only gives an introduction to the concept of
variables. The following examples have no special meaning. More
detailed examples can be found in the explanation of predefined
variables of the letter class in the following sections. An overview
of all variables is given in \autoref{tab:scrlttr2.variables}.

\begin{desctable}
  \caption{Alphabetical list of all supported variables in
    \Class{scrlttr2}\label{tab:scrlttr2.variables}}\\
  \Endfirsthead
  \caption[]{Alphabetical list of all supported variables in
    \Class{scrlttr2} (\emph{continued})}\\
  \Endhead%
  \standardfoot%
  \ventry{backaddress}{return address for window envelopes
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.backaddress})}%
  \ventry{backaddressseparator}{separator within the return address
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.backaddressseparator})}%
  \ventry{ccseparator}{separator between title of additional addressees, and
    additional addressees
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.afterClosing}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.ccseparator})}%
  \ventry{customer}{customer number
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.refLine}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.customer})}%
  \ventry{date}{date
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.refLine}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.date})}%
  \ventry{emailseparator}{separator between e-mail name and e-mail address
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.emailseparator})}%
  \ventry{enclseparator}{separator between title of enclosure, and enclosures
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.afterClosing}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.enclseparator})}%
  \ventry{faxseparator}{separator between title of fax, and fax number
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.faxseparator})}%
  \ventry{fromaddress}{sender's address without sender name
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.fromaddress})}%
  \ventry{frombank}{sender's bank account
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.other}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.frombank})}%
  \ventry{fromemail}{sender's e-mail
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.fromemail})}%
  \ventry{fromfax}{sender's fax number
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.fromfax})}%
  \ventry{fromlogo}{commands for inserting the sender's logo
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.fromlogo})}%
  \ventry{fromname}{complete name of sender
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.fromname})}%
  \ventry{fromphone}{sender's telephone number
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.fromphone})}%
  \ventry{fromurl}{a url of the sender
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.fromurl})}%
  \ventry{invoice}{invoice number
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.refLine}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.invoice})}%
  \ventry{location}{more details of the sender
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.locationField}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.location})}%
  \ventry{myref}{ sender's reference
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.refLine}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.myref})}%
  \ventry{place}{place
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.refLine}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.place})}%
  \ventry{placeseparator}{separator between place and date
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.refLine}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.placeseparator})}%
  \ventry{phoneseparator}{separator between title of telephone, and telephone
    number
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.phoneseparator})}%
  \ventry{signature}{signature beneath the ending of the letter
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.closing}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.signature})}%
  \ventry{specialmail}{mode of dispatch
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.specialmail})}%
  \ventry{subject}{subject
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.titleSubject}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.subject})}%
  \ventry{subjectseparator}{separator between title of subject, and subject
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.titleSubject}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.subjectseparator})}%
  \ventry{title}{letter title
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.titleSubject}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.title})}%
  \ventry{toname}{complete name of addressee
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.toname})}%
  \ventry{toaddress}{address of addressee without addressee name
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.toaddress})}%
  \ventry{yourmail}{date of addressee's mail
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.refLine}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.yourmail})}%
  \ventry{yourref}{addressee's reference
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.refLine}, 
     \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.yourref})}%
\end{desctable}

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{newkomavar}\OParameter{description}\Parameter{name}\\
  \Macro{newkomavar*}\OParameter{description}\Parameter{name}\\
  \Macro{removereffields}\\
  \Macro{defaultreffields}\\
  \Macro{addtoreffields}\Parameter{name}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{newkomavar}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{newkomavar*}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{addtoreffields}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{removereffields}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{defaultreffields}%
With \Macro{newkomavar} a new variable is defined. This variable is
addressed via \PName{name}. As an option you can define a
\PName{description} for the variable \PName{name}. Using the command
\Macro{addtoreffields} you can add the variable \PName{name} to the
reference fields line (see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.refLine}). The
\PName{description} and the content of the variable are added at the
end of the reference fields line. The starred version
\Macro{newkomavar*} is similar to the unstarred version, with a
subsequent call of the command \Macro{addtoreffields}. Thus, the
starred version automatically adds the variable to the reference
fields line.
\begin{Example}
  Suppose you need an additional field for direct dialling. You can
  define this field either with
\begin{lstlisting}
  \newkomavar[Direct dialling]{myphone}
  \addtoreffields{myphone}
\end{lstlisting}
  or more concisely with
\begin{lstlisting}
  \newkomavar*[direct dialling]{myphone}
\end{lstlisting}

\end{Example}
When you define a variable for the reference fields line you should always
give it a description.

With the command \Macro{removereffields} all variables in the ference
line can be removed. This also includes the predefined variables of
the class. The reference fields line is then empty except for the date
which is always appended to the end. This can be useful, for example,
if you wish to change the order of the variables in the reference
fields line.

The command \Macro{defaultreffields} acts to reset the reference
fields line to its predefined format. In doing so, all custom-defined
variables are removed from the reference fields line.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{defaultreffields}%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{newkomavar}\EndIndex{Cmd}{newkomavar*}%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{addtoreffields}\EndIndex{Cmd}{removereffields}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{setkomavar}%
    \Parameter{name}\OParameter{description}\Parameter{content}\\
  \Macro{setkomavar*}\Parameter{name}\Parameter{description}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{setkomavar}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{setkomavar*}%
With the command \Macro{setkomavar} you determine the
\PName{content} of the variable \PName{name}. Using an optional
argument you can at the same time  change  the \PName{description}
of the variable. In contrast, \Macro{setkomavar*} can only set the
\PName{description} of the variable \PName{name}.
\begin{Example}
  Suppose you have defined a direct dialling as mentioned above
  and you now want to set the content. You write:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \setkomavar{myphone}{-\,11}
\end{lstlisting}
  In addition, you want to replace the term ``direct dialling''
  with ``Connection''. Thus you add the description:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \setkomavar*{myphone}{Connection}
\end{lstlisting}
  or you can combine both in one command:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \setkomavar{myphone}[Connection]{-\,11}
\end{lstlisting}
\end{Example}
By the way: You may delete the content of a variable using an empty
\PName{content} argument. You can also delete the description using an
empty \PName{description} argument.
\begin{Example}
  Suppose you have defined a direct dialling as mentioned above and
  you now no longer want a description to be set. You write:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \setkomavar*{myphone}{}
\end{lstlisting}
  You can combine this with the definition of the content:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \setkomavar{myphone}[]{-\,11}
\end{lstlisting}
  So you may setup the content and delete the description using only
  one command.
\end{Example}
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{setkomavar}\EndIndex{Cmd}{setkomavar*}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{usekomavar}\OParameter{command}\Parameter{name}\\
  \Macro{usekomavar*}\OParameter{command}\Parameter{name}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{usekomavar}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{usekomavar*}%
In\ChangedAt{v2.9i}{\Class{scrlttr2}} some cases it is necessary for
the user to access the content or the description of a variable, and
not to leave this only up to the class. This is specially important
when you have defined a variable which is not added to the reference
fields line. Using the command \Macro{usekomavar} you have access to the
content of the variable \PName{name}, whereas the starred version
\Macro{usekomavar*} allows you to access the description.

\begin{Explain}
  The commands \Macro{usekomavar} and \Macro{usekomavar*} are,
  similarly to all commands where a starred version exists or which
  can take an optional argument, not fully expandable. Nevertheless,
  if used within \Macro{markboth}\IndexCmd{markboth},
  \Macro{markright}\IndexCmd{markright} or similar commands, you need
  not insert a \Macro{protect}\IndexCmd{protect} before using them.
  Of course this is also true for \Macro{markleft}\IndexCmd{markleft}
  if using package \Package{scrpage2}. However, these kinds of
  commands can not be used within commands like
  \Macro{MakeUppercase}\IndexCmd{MakeUppercase} which directly
  influence their argument.
  \Macro{MakeUppercase}\PParameter{\Macro{usekomavar}\Parameter{name}}
  would result in \Macro{usekomavar}\Parameter{NAME}. To avoid this
  problem you may use commands like \Macro{MakeUppercase} as an
  optional argument to \Macro{usekomavar} or \Macro{usekomavar*}. Then
  you will get the uppercase content of a variable using
  \Macro{usekomavar}\PValue{[\Macro{MakeUppercase}]}\Parameter{name}.
\end{Explain}
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{usekomavar}\EndIndex{Cmd}{usekomavar*}%
%
\EndIndex{}{variables}

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{ifkomavarempty}\Parameter{name}\Parameter{true}\Parameter{false}\\
  \Macro{ifkomavarempty*}\Parameter{name}\Parameter{true}\Parameter{false}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{ifkomavarempty}%
With\ChangedAt{v2.9i}{\Class{scrlttr2}} these commands you may check
whether or not the expanded content or description of a variable is
empty. The \PName{true} argument will be executed if the content or
description is empty. Otherwise the \PName{false} argument will be
executed. The starred variant handles the description of a variable,
the unstarred variant handles the contents.

\begin{Explain}
  It is important to know that the content or description of the
  variable will be expanded as far as this is possible with
  \Macro{edef}. If this results in spaces or unexpandable macros like
  \Macro{relax}, the result will be not empty even where the use of
  the variable would not result in any visible output.
  
  Both variants of the command also must not be used as the argument
  of \Macro{MakeUppercase}\IndexCmd{MakeUppercase} or other commands
  which have similar effects to their arguments (see the description
  of \Macro{usekomavar} above for more information about using
  commands like \Macro{usekomavar} or \Macro{ifkomavarempty} at the
  argument of \Macro{MakeUppercase}). However, they are robust enough
  to be used as the argument of, e.\,g., \Macro{markboth} or
  \Macro{footnote}.
\end{Explain}


\subsection{The Pseudo-Lengths}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.pseudoLength}
\BeginIndex{}{pseudo-lengths}

\begin{Explain}
  {\TeX} works with a fixed number of registers. There are registers
  for tokens, for boxes, for counters, for skips and for dimensions.
  Overall there are 256 registers for each of these categories. For
  {\LaTeX} lengths, which are addressed with \Macro{newlength}, skip
  registers are used. Once all these registers are in use, you can not
  define any more additional lengths.  The letter class
  \Class{scrlttr2} would normally use up more than 20 of such
  registers for the first page alone. {\LaTeX} itself already uses 40
  of these registers. The \Package{typearea} package needs some of
  them too; thus, approximately a quarter of the precious registers
  would already be in use. That is the reason why lengths specific to
  letters in \Class{scrlttr2} are defined with macros instead of
  lengths. The drawback of this approach is that computations with
  macros is somewhat more complicated than with real lengths.

  It can be pointed out that the now recommended {\LaTeX} installation
  with {\eTeX} no longer suffers from the above-mentioned
  limitation. However, that improvement came too late for
  \Class{scrlttr2}.
\end{Explain}

A list of all pseudo-lengths in \Class{scrlttr2} is shown in
\autoref{tab:scrlttr2.pseudoLength} starting at
\autopageref{tab:scrlttr2.pseudoLength}. The meaning of the various
pseudo-lengths is shown graphically in
\autoref{fig:scrlttr2.pseudoLength}. The dimensions used in the figure
correspond to the default settings of \Class{scrlttr2}. More detailed
description of the individual pseudo-lengths is found in the
individual sections of this chapter.

\begin{figure}
  \centering
  \includegraphics{plenDIN}
  \caption{Schematic of the pseudo-lengths for a letter}
  \label{fig:scrlttr2.pseudoLength}
\end{figure}

\begin{desctable}
  \caption{Pseudo-lengths provided by class \Class{scrlttr2}%
    \label{tab:scrlttr2.pseudoLength}}\\
  \Endfirsthead %
  \caption[]{Pseudo-lengths provided by class \Class{scrlttr2}
    (\emph{continued})}\\%
  \Endhead%
  \standardfoot%
  \pentry{backaddrheight}{%
    height of the return address at the upper edge of the address
    field (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.backaddrheight})}%
  \pentry{bfoldmarkvpos}{%
    vertical distance of lower foldmark from top paper edge
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.other},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.bfoldmarkvpos})}%
  \pentry{firstfootvpos}{%
    vertical distance of letterfoot from top paper edge
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstFoot},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.firstfootvpos})}%
  \pentry{firstfootwidth}{%
    width of letterfoot; letterfoot is centered horizontally on letter
    paper (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstFoot},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.firstfootwidth})}%
  \pentry{firstheadvpos}{%
    vertical distance of letterhead from top paper edge
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.firstheadvpos})}%
  \pentry{firstheadwidth}{%
    width of letter head; letterhead is centered horizontally on
    letter paper (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.firstheadwidth})}%
  \pentry{foldmarkhpos}{%
    horizontal distance of all foldmarks from left paper edge
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.other},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.foldmarkhpos})}%
  \pentry{fromrulethickness}{%
    Thickness of an optional horizontal line in the letterhead
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.fromrulethickness})}%
  \pentry{fromrulewidth}{%
    length of an optional horizontal rule in letterhead
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.fromrulewidth})}%
  \pentry{locwidth}{%
    width of supplemental data field; for zero value width is
    calculated automatically with respect to option \Option{locfield}
    that is described in \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions}
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.locationField},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.locwidth})}%
  \pentry{refaftervskip}{%
    vertical skip below reference fields line
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.refLine},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.refaftervskip})}%
  \pentry{refhpos}{%
    horizontal distance of reference fields line from left paper edge;
    for zero value reference fields line is centered horizontally on
    letter paper (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.refLine},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.refhpos})}%
  \pentry{refvpos}{%
    vertical distance of reference fields line from top paper edge
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.refLine},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.refvpos})}%
  \pentry{refwidth}{%
    width of reference fields line (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.refLine},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.refwidth})}%
  \pentry{sigbeforevskip}{%
    vertical skip between closing and signature
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.closing},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.sigbeforevskip})}%
  \pentry{sigindent}{%
    indentation of signature with respect to text body
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.closing},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.sigindent})}%
  \pentry{specialmailindent}{%
    left indentation of mode of dispatch within address field
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.specialmailindent})}%
  \pentry{specialmailrightindent}{%
    right indentation of mode of dispatch within address field
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.specialmailrightindent})}%
  \pentry{tfoldmarkvpos}{%
    vertical distance of upper foldmark from top paper edge
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.other},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.tfoldmarkvpos})}%
  \pentry{toaddrheight}{%
    height of address field (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.toaddrheight})}%
  \pentry{toaddrhpos}{%
    horizontal distance of address field from left paper edge, for
    positive values; or negative horizontal distance of address field
    from right paper edge, for negative values
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.toaddrhpos})}%
  \pentry{toaddrindent}{%
    left and right indentation of address within address field
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.toaddrindent})}%
  \pentry{toaddrvpos}{%
    vertical distance of address field from top paper edge
    (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.toaddrvpos})}%
  \pentry{toaddrwidth}{%
    width of address field (\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee},
    \autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.toaddrwidth})}%
\end{desctable}

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{@newplength}\Parameter{name}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{@newplength}%
This command defines an new pseudo-length. This new pseudo-length is
uniquely identified by its \PName{name}. If with this command a
redefinition of an already existing pseudo-length is attempted, the
commands exits with an error message.

Since the user in general does not define own pseudo-lengths, this
command is not intended as a user command. Thus, it can not be used
within a document, but it can, for example, be used within an
\File{lco} file.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{@newplength}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{@setplength}%
    \OParameter{factor}\Parameter{pseudo-length}\Parameter{value}\\
  \Macro{@addtoplength}%
    \OParameter{factor}\Parameter{pseudo-length}\Parameter{value}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{@setplength}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{@addtoplength}%
Using the command \Macro{@setplength} you can assign the multiple of a
\PName{value} to a \PName{pseudo-length}. The \PName{factor} is given
as an optional argument (see also \Macro{setlengthtoplength}). The
command \Macro{@addtoplength} adds the \PName{value} to a
\PName{pseudo-length}. To assign, or to add the multiple of, one
\PName{pseudo-length} to another pseudo-length, the command
\Macro{useplength} is used within \PName{value}.  To subtract the
value of one pseudo-length from another \PName{pseudo-length} a minus
sign, or \PValue{-1}, is used as the \PName{factor}.

Since the user in general does not define own pseudo-lengths, this
command is not intended as a user command. Thus, it can not be used
within a document, but can, for example, be used within an \File{lco}
file.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{@setplength}%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{@addtoplength}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{useplength}\Parameter{name}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{useplength}%
Using this command you can access the value of the pseudo-length with
the given \PName{name}. This is one of the few user commands in
connection with pseudo-lengths. Of course this command can also be
used with an \File{lco} file.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{useplength}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{setlengthtoplength}%
    \OParameter{factor}\Parameter{length}\Parameter{pseudo-length}\\
  \Macro{addtolengthplength}%
    \OParameter{factor}\Parameter{length}\Parameter{pseudo-length}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{setlengthtoplength}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{addtolengthplength}%
\begin{Explain}%
  While you can simply prepend a factor to a length, this is not
  possible with pseudo-lengths. Suppose you have a length \Macro{test}
  with the value 2\Unit{pt}; then \texttt{3\Macro{test}} gives you the
  value 6\Unit{pt}. Using pseudo-lengths instead,
  \texttt{3\Macro{useplength}\PParameter{test}} would give you
  32\Unit{pt}. This is especially annoying if you want a real
  \PName{length} to take the value of a \PName{pseudo-length}.
\end{Explain}
Using the command \Macro{setlengthtoplength} you can assign the
multiple of a \PName{pseudo-length} to a real \PName{length}.  Here,
instead of prepending the \PName{factor} to the \PName{pseudo-length},
it is given as an optional argument. You should also use this command
when you want to assign the negative value of a \PName{pseudo-length}
to a \PName{length}. In this case you can either use a minus sign or
\PValue{-1} as the \PName{factor}. The command
\Macro{addtolengthplength} works very similarly; it adds the multiple
of a \PName{pseudo-length} to the \PName{length}.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{setlengthtoplength}%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{addtolengthplength}%
%
\EndIndex{}{pseudo-lengths}

\subsection{The General Structure of a Letter Document}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.document}

The general structure of a letter document differs somewhat from the
structure of a normal document. Whereas a book document in general
contains only one book, a letter document can contain several
letters. As illustrated in \autoref{fig:scrlttr2.document}, a letter
document consists of a preamble, the individual letters, and the
closing.

The preamble comprises all settings that in general concern all letters. Most
of them can also be overwritten in the settings of the individual letters. The
only setting which can not be changed within a single letter is compatibility
to prior versions of \Class{scrlttr2} (see option \Option{version} in
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.compatibilityOptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.version}).

It is recommended that only general settings such as the loading of packages
and the setting of options be placed before
\Macro{begin}\PParameter{document}. All settings that comprise the setting of
variables or other text features should be done after
\Macro{begin}\PParameter{document}. This is particularly recommended when the
\Package{babel} package\IndexPackage{babel} (see \cite{package:babel}) is
used, or language-dependent variables of \Class{scrlttr2} are to be changed.

The closing usually consists only of
\Macro{end}\PParameter{document}. Of course you can also insert
additional comments at this point.

\begin{figure}
\centering\small\setlength{\fboxsep}{1.5ex}
\fbox{\parbox{.667\linewidth}{\raggedright%
    \Macro{documentclass}\OParameter{\dots}\PParameter{scrlttr2}\\
    \dots\\
    {\centering\emph{settings for all letters}\\}
    \dots\\
    \Macro{begin}\PParameter{document}\\
    \dots\\
    {\centering\emph{settings for all letters}\\}
    \dots\\
  }}\\
\fbox{\parbox{.667\linewidth}{\raggedright%
    \Macro{begin}\PParameter{letter}\Parameter{addressee}\\
    \dots\\
    {\centering\emph{content of the individual letter}\\}
    \dots\\
    \Macro{end}\PParameter{letter}\\
  }}\\
\parbox{.667\linewidth}{\raggedright\vspace{-.5ex}\vdots\vspace{1ex}}\\
\fbox{\parbox{.667\linewidth}{\raggedright%
    \Macro{end}\PParameter{document}\\
  }}\\
\caption{General structure of a letter document with several
individual letters (the structure of a single letter is shown in
 \autoref{fig:scrlttr2.letter})}
\label{fig:scrlttr2.document}
\vspace{2\abovecaptionskip}
\fbox{\parbox{.667\linewidth}{\raggedright%
    \Macro{begin}\PParameter{letter}%
      \OParameter{options}\Parameter{addressee}\\
    \dots\\
    {\centering\emph{settings for this letter}\\}
    \dots\\
    \Macro{opening}\Parameter{opening}\\
  }}\\
\fbox{\parbox{.667\linewidth}{\raggedright%
    \dots\\
    {\centering\emph{letter text}\\}
    \dots\\
  }}\\
\fbox{\parbox{.667\linewidth}{\raggedright%
    \Macro{closing}\Parameter{closing}\\
    \Macro{ps}\\
    \dots\\
    {\centering\emph{postscript}\\}
    \dots\\
    \Macro{encl}\Parameter{enclosures}\\
    \Macro{cc}\Parameter{additional addressees}\\
    \Macro{end}\PParameter{letter}\\
  }}\\
\caption{General structure of a single letter within a letter
document (see also \autoref{fig:scrlttr2.document})}
\label{fig:scrlttr2.letter}
\end{figure}

As shown in \autoref{fig:scrlttr2.letter}, every single letter itself
consists of an introduction, the letter body, and the closing. In the
introduction, all settings pertaining only to the current letter are
defined. It is important that this introduction always ends with
\Macro{opening}. Similarly, the closing always starts with
\Macro{closing}. The two arguments \PName{opening} and \PName{closing}
can be left empty, but both commands must be used and must have an
argument.

\begin{Explain}
  It should be noted that several settings can be changed between the
  individual letters. Such changes then have an effect on all
  subsequent letters. For reasons of maintainability of your letter
  documents, it is however not recommended to use further general
  settings with limited scope between the letters.
\end{Explain}

As already mentioned, all general settings used in the preamble of a
letter document, with the exception of font size, can also be in the
preamble of the individual letters. Therefore, you will not find more
detailed explanations for the possible settings in this
section. Please refer to \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.startLetter}.


\section{The Letter Declaration}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.startLetter}

The letter declaration gives all settings for the letter itself, as
well as for the first page of the body. The first page consists of
more than just the preliminaries of the letter; in fact, it consists
of several different parts.


\subsection{Foldmarks}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.foldmarks}
\BeginIndex{}{foldmark}%

Foldmarks\Index{foldmark} are short horizontal lines at the left edge,
and short vertical lines at the upper edge of the paper. \KOMAScript{}
at present supports three configurable horizontal and one configurable
vertical foldmarks. In addition, there is support for a punchmark or
center mark which cannot be shifted in the vertical direction.

\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{tfoldmarkvpos}\\
  \PLength{mfoldmarkvpos}\\
  \PLength{bfoldmarkvpos}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{tfoldmarkvpos}%
\BeginIndex{PLength}{bfoldmarkvpos}%
\BeginIndex{PLength}{mfoldmarkvpos}%
The letter class \Class{scrlttr2} knows a total of three
vertically-placed configurable foldmarks. The position of the upper
foldmark, taken from the upper edge of the paper, is governed by the
pseudo-length \PLength{tfoldmarkvpos}, that of the middle foldmark by
pseudo-length
\PLength{mfoldmarkvpos}\ChangedAt{v2.97e}{\Class{scrlttr2}}, and that
of the lower foldmark by pseudo-length \PLength{bfoldmarkvpos}. With
the addition of the punch\Index{punchmark} or 
center\Index{center mark|see{punchmark}}% not sure of this construction
mark, there is still a fourth horizontal mark. This one is however
always placed at the vertical center of the paper.

The upper and lower foldmarks do not serve to divide the paper into
exactly equal thirds. Instead, with their help, the paper should be
folded such that the address field appears correctly in the space
available in the chosen window envelope format, which is determined by
choice of \File{lco} file. Several such files are available offering
predefined formats. An anomaly is present with \Option{DINmtext}: for
this format, an envelope format of C6/5 (also known as ``C6 long'') is
assumed. Letters written with this option are not suited to envelopes
of formats C5 or C4.

The middle foldmark is not normally required for Western letters. In
Japan, however, a larger number of envelope formats exists, requiring
one more foldmark (see the Japanese \File{lco} files). At this point
attention is drawn to the fact that reference to ``upper'',
``middle'', and ``lower'' foldmarks is simply a convenience. In fact,
it is not defined that \PLength{tfoldmarkvpos} must be smaller than
\PLength{mfoldmarkvpos}, which in turn must be smaller than
\PLength{bfoldmarkvpos}. If on the other hand one of the
pseudo-lengths is set to null, then the corresponding foldmark will
not be set even if the option \Option{foldmarks} (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.foldmarks}) is explicity activated.
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{tfoldmarkvpos}%
\EndIndex{PLength}{mfoldmarkvpos}%
\EndIndex{PLength}{bfoldmarkvpos}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{tfoldmarklength}\\
  \PLength{mfoldmarklength}\\
  \PLength{bfoldmarklength}\\
  \PLength{pfoldmarklength}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{tfoldmarklength}%
\BeginIndex{PLength}{mfoldmarklength}%
\BeginIndex{PLength}{bfoldmarklength}%
\BeginIndex{PLength}{pfoldmarklength}%
These\ChangedAt{v2.97e}{\Class{scrlttr2}} four pseudo-lengths
determine the lengths of the four horizontal foldmarks. One
exceptional behaviour exists. If the length is given as null, then the
three vertically-configurable pseudo-lengths
\PLength{tfoldmarklength}, \PLength{mfoldmarklength} and
\PLength{bfoldmarklength} are set to 2\Unit{mm} in length. The length of
the punchmark, \PLength{pfoldmarklength}, is instead set to 4\Unit{mm}.
\EndIndex{PLength}{tfoldmarklength}%
\EndIndex{PLength}{mfoldmarklength}%
\EndIndex{PLength}{bfoldmarklength}%
\EndIndex{PLength}{pfoldmarklength}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{foldmarkhpos}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{foldmarkhpos}%
This pseudo-length gives the distance of all horizontal foldmarks from
the left edge of the paper. Normally, this is 3.5\Unit{mm}. This value
can be changed in the user's own \File{lco} file, in case the user's
printer has a wider unprintable left margin. Whether the foldmarks are
typeset at all depends on the option \Option{foldmarks} (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.foldmarks}).
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{foldmarkhpos}%
\EndIndex{}{Faltmarke}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{lfoldmarkhpos}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{lfoldmarkhpos}%
Apart from\ChangedAt{v2.97e}{\Class{scrlttr2}} the horizontal
foldmarks there is also a vertical foldmark, whose position from the
left margin is set via the pseudo-length \PLength{lfoldmarkhpos}. This
foldmark is used, for example, in Japanese Chou- or You-format
envelopes, when one wishes to use A4 size sheets with them. This can
also be useful for envelopes in C6 format.
\EndIndex{PLength}{lfoldmarkhpos}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{lfoldmarklength}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{lfoldmarklength}%
The\ChangedAt{v2.97e}{\Class{scrlttr2}} length of the vertical
foldmark is set via the pseudo-length \PLength{lfoldmarklength}.  Here
too there is an exceptional behaviour. When the length is set to null,
a length of 4\Unit{mm} is actually used.
\EndIndex{PLength}{lfoldmarklength}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{foldmarkvpos}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{foldmarkvpos}%
This\ChangedAt{v2.97e}{\Class{scrlttr2}} pseudo-length gives the
distance of all vertical foldmarks from teh upper edge of the
paper. Normally this is 3.5\Unit{mm}, but the value can be changed in the
user's personal \File{lco} file in case the user's printer has a wider
unprintable top margin.  Whether the foldmarks are typeset at all
depends on the option \Option{foldmarks} (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.foldmarks}). At present there is
only one vertical foldmark, which is designated the left vertical
foldmark.
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{foldmarkvpos}%
\EndIndex{}{Faltmarke}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{foldmarkthickness}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{foldmarkthickness}%
This\ChangedAt{v2.97c}{\Class{scrlttr2}} pseudo-length determines the
thickness of all foldmarks. Default value is 0.2\Unit{pt}, in other words a
very thin hairline. In particular, if the color of the foldmarks is
changed, this can be too thin!
\EndIndex{PLength}{foldmarkthickness}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \FontElement{foldmark}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{FontElement}{foldmark}%
Via\ChangedAt{v2.97c}{\Class{scrlttr2}} this element the color of the
foldmarks can be changed. To do so, the commands to change the font of
the element are usd, as described in \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.font},
\autopageref{sec:scrlttr2.font}. The default setting is no change.
\EndIndex{FontElement}{foldmark}%

\subsection{The Letterhead}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead}
\BeginIndex{}{letter>head}%

The term letterhead here refers to all of the data pertaining to the
sender and which is set above the addressee's address. It is usually
expected that this information is set via the page style settings. In
fact, this was the case in the earlier incarnation of the letter
class, \Class{scrlettr}. But with \Class{scrlttr2}, the letterhead is
made independent of the page style setting, and is set by the command
\Macro{opening}.
% Fuellmaterial
\iftrue The position of the letterhead is absolute and independent of
the type area. In fact, the first page of a letter, the page that
holds the letterhead, is set using the page style \PValue{empty}.  \fi
% Ende des Fuellmaterials

\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{firstheadvpos}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{firstheadvpos}%
The pseudo-length \PLength{firstheadvpos} gives the distance between
the top edge of the paper and start of the letterhead. This value is
set differently in the various predefined \File{lco} files. A typical
value is 8\Unit{mm}.
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{firstheadvpos}

\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{firstheadwidth}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{firstheadwidth}%
The pseudo-length \PLength{firstheadwidth} gives the width of the
letterhead. This value is set differently in the various predefined
\File{lco} files. While this value usually depends on the paper width
and the distance between the left edge of the paper and the adressee
address field, it was the type area width in \Option{KOMAold}.
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{firstheadwidth}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \Variable{fromname}\\
  \Variable{fromaddress}\\
  \Variable{fromphone}\\
  \Variable{fromfax}\\
  \Variable{fromemail}\\
  \Variable{fromurl}\\
  \Variable{fromlogo}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Variable}{fromname}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{fromaddress}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{fromphone}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{fromfax}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{fromemail}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{fromurl}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{fromlogo}%
%
These variables give all information concerning the sender necessary
to create the letterhead. Which variables will actually be used to
finally build the letterhead can be chosen by use of the letterhead
extensions (see option \Option{fromalign} in
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.fromalign}) and the options given
there. The variables \Variable{fromname}, \Variable{fromaddress} and
\Variable{fromlogo} will be set in the letterhead without their
labels; the variables \Variable{fromphone}, \Variable{fromfax},
\Variable{fromemail} and \Variable{fromurl} will be set with their
labels. The labels are shown in \autoref{tab:scrlttr2.fromTerm},
\autopageref{tab:scrlttr2.fromTerm}.
%
\begin{table}
  \centering
  \caption{The sender's predefined labels for the letterhead}
  \begin{desctabular}[1.8em]
    \ventry{fromemail}{\Macro{usekomavar*}\PParameter{emailseparator}%
      \Macro{usekomavar}\PParameter{emailseparator}}%
    \ventry{fromfax}{\Macro{usekomavar*}\PParameter{faxseparator}
      \Macro{usekomavar}\PParameter{faxseparator}}%
    \ventry{fromname}{\Macro{headfromname}}
    \ventry{fromphone}{\Macro{usekomavar*}\PParameter{phoneseparator}%
      \Macro{usekomavar}\PParameter{phoneseparator}}%
    \ventry{fromurl}{\Macro{usekomavar*}\PParameter{urlseparator}%
      \Macro{usekomavar}\PParameter{urlseparator}}%
  \end{desctabular}
\label{tab:scrlttr2.fromTerm}
\end{table}

An important hint concerns the sender's address: within the sender's
address, parts such as street, P.O.~Box, state, country, etc., are
separated with a double backslash. Depending on how the sender's
address is used, this double backslash will be interpreted differently
and therefore is not strictly always a line break. Paragraphs,
vertical spacing and the like are usually not allowed within the
sender's address declaration. One has to have very good knowledge of
\Class{scrlttr2} to use things like those mentioned above,
intelligently. Another point to note is the one should most certainly
set the variables for return address (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.backaddress}) and signature (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.closing},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.signature}) oneself.

It is possible, by the way, to load an external picture to use as a
logo. For this purpose one can put as content of \Variable{fromlogo}
an \Macro{includegraphics} command. Naturally, the corresponding
package, that is, either \Package{graphics} or \Package{graphicx} (see
\cite{package:graphics}), has to be loaded in the preamble of the
letter document (see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.document}).
%
\EndIndex{Variable}{fromname}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{fromaddress}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{fromphone}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{fromfax}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{fromemail}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{fromurl}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{fromlogo}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{fromrulethickness}\\
  \PLength{fromrulewidth}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{fromrulethickness}%
\BeginIndex{PLength}{fromrulewidth}%
Depending on the class option \Option{fromrule} (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.fromrule}), a horizontal rule can be
drawn the predefined letterheads under or within the sender
address. If the pseudo-length \PLength{fromrulewidth} has a value of
0\Unit{pt}, which is the default in the predefined \File{lco} files,
the rule length is calculated automatically taking into account,
e.\,g., letterhead width or an optional logo. Users can adjust rule
length manually in their own \File{lco} files by setting this
pseudo-length to positive values using \Macro{\@setplength} (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.pseudoLength},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.cmd.@setplength}). The default
thickness of the line\ChangedAt{v2.97c}{\Class{scrlttr2}},
\PLength{fromrulethickness}, is 0.4\Unit{pt}.
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{fromrulethickness}%
\EndIndex{PLength}{fromrulewidth}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \Variable{phoneseparator}\\
  \Variable{faxseparator}\\
  \Variable{emailseparator}\\
  \Variable{urlseparator}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Variable}{phoneseparator}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{faxseparator}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{emailseparator}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{urlseparator}%
With these variables, hyphens are defined. If applicable, they are
used in the sender's data in the letterhead (see
\autoref{tab:scrlttr2.fromTerm}). As a feature, they are labeled and
the labels also used in the sender's details of the letterhead. To
look up the predefined labels and their contents, see
\autoref{tab:scrlttr2.fromSeparator}.
%
% table moved in following paragraph (JUM) >>>
%
\EndIndex{Variable}{phoneseparator}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{faxseparator}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{emailseparator}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{urlseparator}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{firsthead}\Parameter{construction}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{firsthead}%
For most cases, \Class{scrlttr2} with its options and variables offers
enough possibilities to create a letterhead. In very rare situations
one may wish to have more freedom in terms of layout. In those
situations one will have to do without predefined letterheads, which
could have been chosen via options. Instead, one needs to create one's
own letterhead from scratch. To do so, one has to define the preferred
\PName{construction} with the command \Macro{firsthead}. Within
\Macro{firsthead}, and with the help of the \Macro{parbox} command
(see \cite{latex:usrguide}), one can set several boxes side by side,
or one underneath the other. An advanced user will thus be able to
create a letterhead on his own. Of course the \PName{construct} may
use variables with the help of \Macro{usekomavar}.
%
% <<< table of previous paragraph
\begin{table}
  \centering
  \caption{predefined labels and contents of hyphens for sender's data in the
    letterhead}
  \begin{tabular}{lll}
    \toprule
    name                      & label & content \\
    \midrule
    \Variable{emailseparator} & \Macro{emailname} & \texttt{:\~} \\
    \Variable{faxseparator}   & \Macro{faxname}   & \texttt{:\~} \\
    \Variable{phoneseparator} & \Macro{phonename} & \texttt{:\~} \\
    \Variable{urlseparator}   & \Macro{wwwname}   & \texttt{:\~} \\
    \bottomrule
  \end{tabular}
  \label{tab:scrlttr2.fromSeparator}
\end{table}
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{firsthead}%
%
\EndIndex{}{letter>head}%

\subsection{The Letterfoot}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.firstFoot}
\BeginIndex{}{letter>footer}%

As the first page holds a letterhead of its own, it also holds a
footer of its own. And, as with the letterhead, it will not be set by
the page style settings, but directly with the use of \Macro{opening}.

\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{firstfootvpos}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{firstfootvpos}%
%
This pseudo-length gives the distance between the letterfoot and the
upper edge of the paper. This value is set differently in the various
predefined \File{lco} files. It also takes care of preventing text
from jutting into the footer area. If needed, it can help to shorten
the text height on the first page using \Macro{enlargethispage}.
Likewise, and if it is needed, the text height can conversely be
extended with the help of the option \Option{enlargefirstpage}. This
way, the distance between text area and the first letterfoot can be
reduced to the value \Length{footskip}. See also
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.typeareaOptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.enlargefirstpage}.

With the compatibility option set\ChangedAt{2.9t}{\Class{scrlttr2}} up
to version 2.9t (see \Option{version} in
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.compatibilityOptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.version}) the footer is set
independently of the type area in all predefined \File{lco} files (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.lcoFile}) except for \Option{KOMAold}. The
option \Option{enlargefirstpage} also loses its effect. From version
2.9u onwards the footer is set in a position at the bottom edge of the
paper. In this situation, the height of the type area also becomes
dependent on \Option{enlargefirstpage}.

If the letterfoot be switched off using option
\Option{firstfoot}\IndexOption{firstfoot}\ChangedAt{v2.97e}{\Class{scrlttr2}}
(siehe \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.footoptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.firstfoot}), then the setting of
\PLength{firstfootvpos} is ignored, and instead
\Length{paperheight}\IndexLength{paperheight} is applied.  Thus, there
remains a mimimum bottom margin of length
\Length{footskip}\IndexLength{footskip}.
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{firstfootvpos}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{firstfootwidth}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{firstfootwidth}%
This pseudo-length gives the width of the letter's first page
footer. The value is set equal to that of the pseudo-length
\PLength{firstheadwidth} in the predefined \File{lco} files.
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{firstfootwidth}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{firstfoot}\Parameter{construction}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{firstfoot}%
The first page's footer is preset to empty. However, with the
\Macro{firstfoot} command, it is possible to create a
\PName{construction} the same way as when defining the letterhead with
\Macro{firsthead}.
\begin{Example}
  In the first page's footer, you may want to set the content of the
  variable \Variable{frombank} (the bank account). The double
  backslash should be exchanged with a comma at the same time:
  \begin{lstlisting}
    \firstfoot{%
      \parbox[b]{\linewidth}{%
        \centering\def\\{, }\usekomavar{frombank}%
      }%
    }
  \end{lstlisting}
  For the hyphen you might define a variable of your own if you like.
  This is left as an exercise for the reader.
  
  Nowadays it has become very common to create a proper footer in
  order to obtain some balance with respect to the letterhead. This
  can be done as follows:
  \begin{lstlisting}
    \firstfoot{%
      \parbox[t]{\textwidth}{\footnotesize
        \begin{tabular}[t]{l@{}}%
          \multicolumn{1}{@{}l@{}}{Partners:}\\
          Jim Smith\\
          Russ Mayer
        \end{tabular}%
        \hfill
        \begin{tabular}[t]{l@{}}%
          \multicolumn{1}{@{}l@{}}{Manager:}\\
          Jane Fonda\\[1ex]
          \multicolumn{1}{@{}l@{}}{Court Of Jurisdiction:}\\
          Great Plains
        \end{tabular}%
        \ifkomavarempty{frombank}{}{%
          \hfill
          \begin{tabular}[t]{l@{}}%
            \multicolumn{1}{@{}l@{}}{\usekomavar*{frombank}:}\\
            \usekomavar{frombank}
          \end{tabular}%
        }%
      }%
    }
  \end{lstlisting}
  This example, by the way, came from Torsten Kr\"uger. With
  \begin{lstlisting}
    \setkomavar{frombank}{Account No. 12\,345\,678\\
      at Citibank\\
      bank code no: 876\,543\,21}
  \end{lstlisting}
  the bank account can be set accordingly. If the footer will have
  such a large height then it might happen that you have to shift its
  position. You can do this with the pseudo-length
  \PLength{firstfootvpos}\IndexPLength{firstfootvpos}, which is
  described above in this section.
\end{Example}

In the previous example a multi-line footer was set.  With a
compatibility setting to version 2.9u (see \Option{version} in
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.compatibilityOptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.version}) the space will in general
not suffice. In that case, you may need to reduce
\PLength{firstfootvpos} (see
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.firstfootvpos}) appropriately.
% 
\EndIndex{Cmd}{firstfoot}%
%
\EndIndex{}{letter>footer}%

\subsection{The Address}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.addressee}
\BeginIndex{}{address}%

The term address here refers to the addressee's name and address which
are output in an address field. Additional information can be output
within this address field, such as dispatch type or a return address;
the latter is especially useful when using window envelopes. The
address directly follows the letterhead.

\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{toaddrvpos}\\
  \PLength{toaddrhpos}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{toaddrvpos}%
\BeginIndex{PLength}{toaddrhpos}%
These pseudo-lengths define vertical and horizontal position of the
address field relative to the top-left corner of the paper. Values are
set differently in the various predefined \File{lco} files, according
to standard envelope window measures. A special feature of
\PLength{toaddrhpos} is that with negative values the offset is that
of the right edge of the address field relative to the right edge of
the paper. This can be found, for instance, in the case of
\Option{SN}. The smallest value of \PLength{toaddrvpos} is found with
\Option{DINmtext}. Care must be taken to avoid overlap of letterhead
and address field. Whether the address field is output or not can be
controlled by class option \Option{addrfield} (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.addrfield}).
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{toaddrhpos}%
\EndIndex{PLength}{toaddrvpos}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{toaddrheight}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{toaddrheight}%
The pseudo-length \PLength{toaddrheight} defines the height of the
address field, including the dispatch type. If no dispatch type is
specified, then the address is vertically centered in the field. If a
dispatch type is specified, then the address is set below the dispatch
type, and vertically centered in the remaining field height.
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{toaddrheight}%
 
\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{toaddrwidth}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{toaddrwidth}%
The pseudo-length \PLength{toaddrwidth} defines the width of the
address field. Values are set differently in the various predefined
\File{lco} files, according to standard envelope window
measures. Typical values are between 70\Unit{mm} and 100\Unit{mm}.
\begin{Example}
  Assume that your printer has a very wide left or right margin of
  15\Unit{mm}. In this case, when using the option \Option{SN}, the
  letterhead, sender's extensions and the address can not be
  completely printed. Thus, you create a new \File{lco} file with the
  following content:
  \begin{lstlisting}
    \ProvidesFile{SNmmarg.lco}
    [2002/06/04 v0.1 my own lco]
    \LoadLetterOption{SN}
    \@addtoplength{toaddrwidth}{%
      -\useplength{toaddrhpos}}
    \@setplength{toaddrhpos}{-15mm}
    \@addtoplength{toaddrwidth}{%
      \useplength{toaddrhpos}}
    \endinput
  \end{lstlisting}
  Then, until you can obtain a printer with smaller page margins, you
  simply use the option \Option{SNmmarg} instead of \Option{SN}.
\end{Example}
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{toaddrwidth}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{toaddrindent}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{toaddrindent}%
Additional indentation of the address within address field can be
controlled by the pseudo-length \PLength{toaddrindent}. Its value
applies to both left and right margin. Default value is 0\Unit{pt}.
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{toaddrindent}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \Variable{backaddress}\\
  \Variable{backaddressseparator}\\
  \PLength{backaddrheight}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Variable}{backaddress}\BeginIndex{Variable}{backaddressseparator}%
\BeginIndex{PLength}{backaddrheight}%
When using window envelopes, the sender's return address is often
included within the window, placed at the top above the addressee and
dispatch type information, separated by a horizontal rule and set in a
smaller font size. The contents of the return address, stored in the
variable \Variable{backaddress}, are usually built automatically from
the variables \Variable{fromname} and \Variable{fromaddress}. Within
the return address, double backslashes are replaced by the content of
the variable \Variable{backaddressseparator}, whose default value is a
comma followed by a non-breaking space. 

The height reserved for the return address within the address field is
defined by the pseudo-length \PLength{backaddrheight}. In the
predefined \File{lco} files, this is typically set to
5\Unit{mm}. Whether the return address is output or not is controlled
by document class options \Option{addrfield} (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.addrfield}) and \Option{backaddress
} (see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.backaddress}).
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{backaddrheight}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{backaddress}\EndIndex{Variable}{backaddressseparator}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \Variable{specialmail}\\
  \PLength{specialmailindent}\\
  \PLength{specialmailrightindent}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Variable}{specialmail}%
\BeginIndex{PLength}{specialmailindent}%
\BeginIndex{PLength}{specialmailrightindent}%
An optional dispatch type can be output within the address field
between the return address and the addressee address, by setting the
variable \Variable{specialmail}. Left and right alignment are
determined by pseudo-lengths \PLength{specialmailindent} and
\PLength{specialmailrightindent}, respectively. In the predefined
\File{lco} files provided by \KOMAScript, \PLength{specialmailindent}
is set to rubber length \Macro{fill}, while
\PLength{specialmailrightindent} is set to 1\Unit{em}. Thus the
dispatch type is set 1\Unit{em} from the address field's right margin.
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{specialmailindent}%
\EndIndex{PLength}{specialmailrightindent}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{specialmail}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \Variable{toname}\\
  \Variable{toaddress}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Variable}{toname}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{toaddress}%
These two variables contain the addressee's name and address as output
in the address field. Usually you will not access these variables
directly, but their values are taken from the argument to the
\Environment{letter} environment\IndexEnv{letter}. Please see the
important hint on address formatting given in
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.firstHead},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.variable.fromname}.
%
\EndIndex{Variable}{toname}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{toaddress}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \Environment{letter}\OParameter{options}\Parameter{addressee}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Env}{letter}%
The \Environment{letter} environment is only one of the key
environments of the letter class. A special \Class{scrlttr2} feature
are optional arguments to the \Environment{letter} environment. These
\PName{options} are executed internally via the \Macro{KOMAoptions}
command.

The \PName{addressee} is a mandatory argument passed to the
\Environment{letter} environment. Parts of the addressee contents are
separated by double backslashes. The first part of \PName{addressee}
is stored in variable \Variable{toname}, while the rest is stored in
variable \Variable{toaddress} for further use. These parts are output
on individual lines in the address field. Nevertheless, the double
backslash should not be interpreted as a certain line break. Vertical
material such as paragraphs or vertical space is not permitted within
\PName{addressee}, and could lead to unexpected results and error
messages, as is the case also for the standard letter class. 

The \Environment{letter} environment does not actually start the
letter output. This is done by the \Macro{opening} command.
%
\EndIndex{Env}{letter}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{AtBeginLetter}\Parameter{commands}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{AtBeginLetter}%
{\LaTeX} enables the user to declare \PName{commands} whose execution
is delayed until a determined point. Such points are called
\emph{hooks}. Known macros for using hooks are \Macro{AtBeginDocument}
and \Macro{AtEndOfClass}. The letter class \Class{scrlttr2} provides
an additional hook that can be used via the macro
\Macro{AtBeginLetter}.  Originally, hooks were provided for package
and class authors, so they are documented in \cite{latex:clsguide}
only, and not in \cite{latex:usrguide}. However, with letters there
are useful applications of \Macro{AtBeginLetter} as the following
example may illustrate:
%
\begin{Example}
  It is given that one has to set multiple letters with questionnaires
  within one document. Questions are numbered automatically within
  single letters using a counter. Since, in contrast to page
  numbering, that counter is not known by \Class{scrlttr2}, it would
  not be reset at the start of each new letter. Given that each
  questionnaire contains ten questions, question~1 would get number~11
  in the second letter. A solution is to reset this counter at the
  beginning of each new letter:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \newcounter{Question}
  \newcommand{\Question}[1]{%
    \refstepcounter{Question}\par
    \@hangfrom{\makebox[2em][r]{\theQuestion:~}}{#1}}
  \AtBeginLetter{\setcounter{Question}{0}}
\end{lstlisting}
This way question~1 remains question~1, even in the 1001st letter. Of
course definitions like those mentioned above need to be stated either
between macros \Macro{makeatletter} and \Macro{makeatother} (see
\cite{DANTE:FAQ}) in letter declarations (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.document} and \autoref{fig:scrlttr2.document},
\autopageref{fig:scrlttr2.document}), in a unique package, or in an
\File{lco} file (see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.lcoFile}).
\end{Example}
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{AtBeginLetter}%
%
\EndIndex{}{address}%

\subsection{The Sender's Extensions}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.locationField}
\BeginIndex{}{sender's extension}

Often, especially with business letters, the space for the letterhead
or page footer seems to be too tight to include all you want. To give
more details about the sender, often the space right beside the
addressee's field is used. In this manual this field is called the
\emph{sender's extension}


\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{locheight}\\
  \PLength{lochpos}\\
  \PLength{locvpos}\\
  \PLength{locwidth}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{locwidth}%
\BeginIndex{PLength}{locheight}%
\BeginIndex{PLength}{lochpos}%
\BeginIndex{PLength}{locvpos}%
The pseudo-lengths \PLength{locwidth} and
\PLength{locheight}\ChangedAt{v2.97d}{\Class{scrlttr2}} set the width
and height of the sender's extension field. The pseudo-lengths
\PLength{lochpos} and \PLength{locvpos} determine the distances from
the right and upper paper edges. These value is typically set to
0\Unit{pt} in the predefined \File{lco} files. This does not mean that
the sender's extension has no width; instead, it means that the actual
width is set with \Macro{opening} when the paper width, address window
width, and the distance between the left and upper edges of the paper
and the address window are known. The option \Option{locfield} (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.locfield}) is also taken into
account. As is the case for \PLength{toaddrhpos}, negative values of
\PLength{lochpos} take on a special meaning. In that case, instead of
referring to a distance from the right edge of the paper,
\PLength{lochpos} now means a distance from the left edge of the
paper. The meaning is thus the opposite to that of
\PLength{toaddrhpos} (see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.addressee},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.plength.toaddrhpos}).
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{locwidth}
\EndIndex{PLength}{locheight}%
\EndIndex{PLength}{lochpos}%
\EndIndex{PLength}{locvpos}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \Variable{location}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Variable}{location}%
The contents of the sender's extension field is determined by the
variable \Variable{location}. To set this variable's content, it is
permitted to use formatting commands like \Macro{raggedright}. One has
to consider that depending on the use of the options
\Option{fromalign} and \Option{fromlogo}, a part of the space for the
sender's extension may already be reserved for a logo or return
address (see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.fromalign} and
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.fromlogo}).
%
\begin{Example}
  Assume that you would like to put the names of your partners,
  manager, or court of jurisdiction in the sender's extension
  field. You can do this as follows:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \KOMAoptions{locfield=wide}
  \setkomavar{location}{\raggedright
    \textbf{Partners:}\\
    \quad Hugo Mayer\\
    \quad Bernd Miller\\[1ex]
    \textbf{Manager:}\\
    \quad Liselotte Mayer\\[1ex]
    \textbf{Court of jurisdiction:}\\
    \quad Washington, DC
  }
\end{lstlisting}
The option \Option{locfield=wide} is set to make the details fit
horizontally. Sender details like those mentioned in the above example
can be written, together with the common sender address details, into
your own \File{lco} file.
\end{Example}
%
\EndIndex{Variable}{location}%
\EndIndex{}{sender's extension}%


\subsection{The Reference Fields Line}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.refLine}
\BeginIndex{}{reference fields line}%

Especially with business letters, a line can be found that gives
initials, dial code, customer number, invoice number, or a reference
to a previous letter.  In this manual this line is called the
\emph{reference fields line}. The reference fields line can consist of
more than just one line and is set only if one of those variables
mentioned above is given. Only those fields will be set that are
given. To set a seemingly empty field, one needs to give as value at
least a white space or \Macro{null}. If you want to have your letter
without a reference fields line, then instead of it the label and
contents of the variable \Variable{date} will be set.


\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{refvpos}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{refvpos}%
This pseudo-length gives the distance between the upper edge of the
paper and the reference fields line. Its value is set differently in
the various predefined \File{lco} files. Typical values are between
80.5\Unit{mm} and 98.5\Unit{mm}.
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{refvpos}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{refwidth}\\
  \PLength{refhpos}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{refwidth}%
This pseudo-length gives the width that is available for the reference
fields line.  The value is set typically to 0\Unit{pt} in the
predefined \File{lco} files.  This value has a special meaning: in no
way does it determine that there is no available width for the
business line; instead, this value means that the width will be
calculated with the \Macro{opening}. Thus the calculated width depends
on the determination of the options \Option{refline} (see
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.refline}). At the same time,
\PLength{refhpos} will be set according to this option. With
\Option{refline=}\PValue{wide}, the reference fields line is centered,
while with \Option{refline=}\PValue{narrow} it is aligned on the left.

If \PLength{refwidth} non-null, i.\,e., the width of the reference
fields line is therefore not determined by the option
\Option{refline}, then \PLength{refhpos} gives the distance of the
reference fields line from the left edge of the paper. If this
distance is null, then the reference fields line is set so that the
ratio between its distances from the left and right edges of the paper
equal the ratio of distance of the type area from the left and right
edges of the paper. Thus, for a type area horizontally centered on the
paper, the reference fields line too will be centered.

As a rule, these special cases are likely to be of little interest to
the normal user. The simplest rule is as follows: either
\PLength{refhpos} is left at null and so the width and alignment of
the reference fields line are left to the option \Option{refline}, or
\PLength{refwidth} as well as \PLength{refhpos} are set by the user.
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{refwidth}%
\EndIndex{PLength}{refhpos}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{refaftervskip}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{refaftervskip}%
This pseudo-length gives the vertical space that has to be inserted
beneath the reference fields line. The value is set in the predefined
\File{lco} files. It directly affects the text height of the first
page. A typical value lies between one and two lines.
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{refaftervskip}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \Variable{yourref}\\
  \Variable{yourmail}\\
  \Variable{myref}\\
  \Variable{customer}\\
  \Variable{invoice} \\
  \Variable{date}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Variable}{yourref}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{yourmail}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{myref}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{customer}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{invoice}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{date}%
These variables are typical reference fields. Their meanings are given
in \autoref{tab:scrlttr2.variables} on
\autopageref{tab:scrlttr2.variables}. Each variable has also a
predefined label, shown in \autoref{tab:scrlttr2.reflineTerm}. The
field width that belongs to each variable, adjusts itself
automatically to its label and content.
%
\begin{table}
  \centering
  \caption{predefined labels of typical variables of the reference
    fields line. The
    content of the macros depend on language.}
  \begin{tabular}{lll}
    \toprule
    name                & label  & in english \\
    \midrule
    \Variable{yourref}  & \Macro{yourrefname}  & Your reference \\
    \Variable{yourmail} & \Macro{yourmailname} & Your letter from \\
    \Variable{myref}    & \Macro{myrefname}    & Our reference \\
    \Variable{customer} & \Macro{customername} & Customer No.: \\
    \Variable{invoice}  & \Macro{invoicename}  & Invoice No.: \\
    \Variable{date}     & \Macro{datename}     & date \\
    \bottomrule
  \end{tabular}
  \label{tab:scrlttr2.reflineTerm}
\end{table}
%
\EndIndex{Variable}{yourref}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{yourmail}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{myref}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{customer}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{invoice}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{date}%
%

\begin{Declaration}
  \Variable{place}\\
  \Variable{placeseparator}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Variable}{place}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{placeseparator}%
As said before in the introduction of this subsection, the reference
fields line can be omitted. This happens if all variables of the
business line are empty with the exception of the variable for the
date. In this case, the content of \Variable{place} and
\Variable{placeseparator} will be set, followed by the content of
\Variable{date}. The predefined content of the
\Variable{placeseparator} is a comma followed by a non-breaking
space. If the variable \Variable{place} has no value then the hyphen
remains unset also.  The predefined content of \Variable{date} is
\Macro{today} and depends on the setting of the option
\Option{numericaldate} (see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.numericaldate}).
%
\EndIndex{Variable}{place}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{placeseparator}%
%
\EndIndex{}{reference fields line}%


\subsection{The Title and the Subject Line}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.titleSubject}
Business letters very often carry a subject line. The subject line
indicates briefly the respect of the letter. Usually the subject
should be short and precise and not run across several lines. Apart
fom the subject, such a letter may also carry a title.  Titles find
usage most often with irregular letters such as a warning, an invoice
or a reminder.


\begin{Declaration}
  \Variable{title}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Variable}{title}%
With \Class{scrlttr2} a letter can carry an additional title. The
title is centered and set with font size \Macro{LARGE} directly after
and beneath the reference fields line.  The predefined font setup for
this element (\Macro{normalcolor}\Macro{sffamily}\Macro{bfseries}) can
be changed with help of the interface described in
\autoref{sec:maincls.font}. Font size declarations are allowed.
\begin{Example}
  Assume that you are to write a reminder. Thus you put as title:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \setkomavar{title}{Reminder}
\end{lstlisting}
  This way the addressee will recognize a reminder as such.
\end{Example}
%
\EndIndex{Variable}{title}


\begin{Declaration}
  \Variable{subject}\\
  \Variable{subjectseparator}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Variable}{subject}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{subjectseparator}%
In case a subject should be set, the contents of the variable
\Variable{subject} need to be defined. Depending on what the option
\Option{subject} is set to, a label can be placed in front of the
subject contents; also, the vertical position of the subject contents
can be changed (see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.subject}). The predefined labels are
shown in \autoref{tab:scrlttr2.subjectTerm}. The predefined value of
\Variable{subjectseparator} is a colon followed by a non-breaking
space.
%
\begin{table}
  \centering
  \caption{Predefined labels of subject-related variables.}
  \begin{tabular}{lll}
    \toprule
    name               & label \\
    \midrule
    \Variable{subject} & \Macro{usekomavar*}\PParameter{subjectseparator}%
                         \texttt{\%} \\ 
                       & \texttt{\quad}%
                         \Macro{usekomavar}\PParameter{subjectseparator} \\
    \Variable{subjectseparator} & \Macro{subjectname} \\
    \bottomrule
  \end{tabular}
  \label{tab:scrlttr2.subjectTerm}
\end{table}

The subject line is set in a separate font. To change this use the
user interface described in \autoref{sec:maincls.font}. For the
element \FontElement{subject}\IndexFontElement{subject} the
predetermined font in \Class{scrlttr2} is
\Macro{normalfont}\Macro{normalcolor}\Macro{bfseries}.
\begin{Example}
  Assume you are a board member and want to write a letter to another
  member of that board about a few internals of the organization. You
  want to clarify with your subject line what this letter is all
  about, but without labeling it thus. You can do this as follows:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \setkomavar{subject}[Subject ]{%
    organization's internals}
\end{lstlisting}
  or easier:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \setkomavar{subject}[]{%
    about organization's internals}
\end{lstlisting}
Furthermore, if you want to set the subject line not only in bold but
also in sans serif:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \addtokomafont{subject}{\sffamily}
\end{lstlisting}
As you can see, it is really easy to solve such problems.
\end{Example}
%
\EndIndex{Variable}{subject}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{subjectseparator}%


\subsection{Further Settings}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.other}
In this paragraph variables and settings are listed which could not be
assigned to any other part of the letter declaration but somehow
belong to this section.


\begin{Declaration}
  \Variable{frombank}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Variable}{frombank}%
This variable at the moment takes on a special meaning: it is not used
internally at this point, and the user can make use of it to set, for
example, his bank account within the sender's extension field or the
footer.
%
\EndIndex{Variable}{frombank}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{nexthead}\Parameter{construction}\\
  \Macro{nextfoot}\Parameter{construction}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{nexthead}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{nextfoot}%
The possibilities that are offered with variables and options in
\Class{scrlttr2} should be good enough in most cases to create
letterheads and footers for those pages that follow the first letter
page. Even more so since you can additionally change with
\Macro{markboth} and \Macro{markright} the sender's statements that
\Class{scrlttr2} uses to create the letterhead. The term ``subsequent
pages'' in this manual refers to all pages following the first letter
page. The commands \Macro{markboth}\IndexCmd{markboth} and
\Macro{markright}\IndexCmd{markright} can in particular be used
together with pagestyle\Index{page>style}
\PValue{myheadings}\IndexPagestyle{myheadings}. If the package
\Package{scrpage2}\IndexPackage{scrpage2} is used then this, of
course, is valid also for pagestyle
\PValue{scrheadings}\IndexPagestyle{scrheadings}. There the command
\Macro{markleft}\IndexCmd{markleft} is furthermore available.

At times one wants to have more freedom with creating the letterhead
or footer of subsequent pages. Then one has to give up the
possibilities of predefined letterheads or footers that could have
been chosen via the option \Option{pagenumber}\IndexOption{pagenumber}
(see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.layout},
\autopageref{desc:scrlttr2.option.pagenumber}). Instead one is free to
create the letterhead and footer of subsequent pages just the way one
wants to have them set. For that, one creates the desired letterhead
or footer \PName{construction} using the command \Macro{nexthead} or
\Macro{nextfoot}, respectively. Within \Macro{nexthead} and
\Macro{nextfoot} you can, for example, have several boxes side by side
or one beneath the other by use of the \Macro{parbox} command (see
\cite{latex:usrguide}). A more advanced user should have no problems
creating letterheads of footers of his own.  Within
\PName{construction} you can of course also make use of the variables
by using \Macro{usekomavar}.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{nexthead}%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{nextfoot}%


\section{The Text}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.text}

In contrast to an article, a report or a book, a letter normally has
no chapter or section structure.  Even float environments with tables
and figure are unusual.  Therefore, a letter has no table of contents,
lists of figures and tables, index, bibliography, glossary or similar
things.  The letter text mainly consists of an opening and the main
text. Thereupon follow the signature, a postscript and various
listings.


\subsection{The Opening}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.opening}

\begin{Explain}
  In the early days of computer-generated letters, programs did not
  have many capabilities, therefore the letters seldom had an opening.
  Today the capabilities have been enhanced. Thus personal openings
  are very common, even in mass-production advertising letters.
\end{Explain}

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{opening}\Parameter{opening}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{opening}%
This is one of the most important commands in \Class{scrlttr2}.  For
the user it may seem that only the opening is typeset, but the command
also typesets the folding marks, letterhead, address field, reference
fields line, subject, the page footer and others. In short, without
\Macro{opening} there is no letter.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{opening}%

\subsection{Footnotes}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.footnotes}

In letters footnotes should be used more sparingly than in normal
documents. However, \Class{scrlttr2} is equipped with all mechanisms
mentioned in \autoref{sec:maincls.footnotes} for the main document
classes. Therefore they will not be discussed here again.

\subsection{Lists}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.lists}

Lists have the same validity in letters as in normal documents.  Thus
\Class{scrlttr2} provides the same possibilities as mentioned in
\autoref{sec:maincls.lists} for the main document classes. Therefore
they will not be discussed here again.

\subsection{Margin Notes}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.marginNotes}

Margin notes are quite uncommon in letters. Therefore the option
\Option{mpinclude} is not actively supported by \Class{scrlttr2}.
However, \Class{scrlttr2} is equipped with all mechanisms mentioned in
\autoref{sec:maincls.marginNotes} for the main document
classes. Therefore they will not be discussed here again.

\subsection{Text Emphasis}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.emphasis}

The distinction of text has the same importance in letters as in other
documents. Thus the same rules apply, meaning: emphasize text
sparingly. Even letters should be readable and a letter where each
word is typeset in another font is quite unreadable.

The class \Class{scrlttr2} is equipped with all
mechanisms mentioned in \autoref{sec:maincls.emphasis} for
the main document classes. Therefore it will not be discussed
here again.

\section{The Closing Part}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.backend}

A letter always ends with a closing phrase.  Even computer-generated
letters without signature have such a phrase.  Sometimes this is a
sentence such as, ``This letter has been generated automatically and
is valid without a signature.''.  Sometimes a sentence like this will
even be used as a signature.  Thereupon can follow a postscript and
various listings.

\subsection{Closing}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.closing}

The closing consists of three parts: besides the closing phrase there
are a hand-written inscription and the signature, which acts as an
explanation for the inscription.

\begin{Declaration}
  \Variable{signature}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Variable}{signature}%
The variable \Variable{signature} holds an explanation for the
inscription. The content is predefined as
\Macro{usekomavar}\PParameter{fromname}.  The explanation may consist
of multiple lines. The lines should then be separated by a double
backslash. Paragraphs in the explanation are however not permitted.
%
\EndIndex{Variable}{signature}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{closing}\Parameter{closing phrase}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{closing}%
The command \Macro{closing} not only typesets the closing phrase, but
also the content of the variable \Variable{signature}.  The closing
phrase may consists of multiple lines, but paragraphs are not
permitted.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{closing}%

\begin{Declaration}
  \PLength{sigindent}\\
  \PLength{sigbeforevskip}\\
  \Macro{raggedsignature}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{PLength}{sigindent}%
\BeginIndex{PLength}{sigbeforevskip}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{raggedsignature}%
Closing phrase and signature will be typeset in a box. The width of
the box is determined by the length of the longest line of the closing
phrase or signature.

The box will be typeset with indentation of the length set in
pseudo-length \PLength{sigindent}. In the predefined \File{lco} files
this length is set to 0\Unit{mm}.

The command \Macro{raggedsignature} defines the alignment inside the
box. In the predefined \File{lco} files the command is either defined
as \Macro{centering} (all besides \Option{KOMAold}) or
\Macro{raggedright} (\Option{KOMAold}).  In order to obtain
flush-right or flush-left alignment inside the box, the command can be
redefined in the same way as \Macro{raggedsection} (see
\autoref{sec:maincls.structure},
\autopageref{desc:maincls.cmd.raggedsection}).

Between closing phrase and signature a vertical space is inserted, the
height of which is defined in the pseudo-length
\PLength{sigbeforevskip}. In the predefined \File{lco} files this is
set to 2 lines.  In this space you can then write your inscription.
\begin{Example}
  You are writing as the directorate of a society a letter to all
  members.  Moreover, you want on the one hand to elucidate that you
  are writing in the name of the board of directors, and on the other
  hand you want indicate your position on the board of directors.
\begin{lstlisting}
  \setkomavar{signature}{John McEnvy\\
   {\small (Vice-President ``The Other Society'')}}
  \closing{Regards\\
    (for the board of directors)}
\end{lstlisting}
You can of coure set the variable \Variable{signature} in your private
\File{lco} files.  Otherwise it is advisable to define the variable in
the letter preamble (see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.startLetter}).
\end{Example}
%
\EndIndex{PLength}{sigindent}%
\EndIndex{PLength}{sigbeforevskip}%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{raggedsignature}%

\subsection{Postscript, Carbon Copy and Enclosures}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.afterClosing}

After the closing can follow some other statements.  Besides the
postscript, there are the distribution list of carbon copies, and the
reference to enclosures.
 
\begin{Explain}%
\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{ps}
\end{Declaration}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{ps}%
In the time when letters were written by hand it was quite common to
use a postscript because this was the only way to add information
which one had forgotten to mention in the main part of the letter. Of
course, in letters written with {\LaTeX} you can insert additional
lines easily. Nevertheless, it is still popular to use the
postscript. It gives one a good possibility to underline again the
most important or sometimes the less important things of the
particular letter.
%
\end{Explain}
This instruction merely switches to the postscript.  Hence, a new
paragraph begins, and a vertical distance\,---\,usually below the
signature\,---\,is inserted.  The command \Macro{ps} is followed by
normal text. If you want the postscript to be introduced with the
acronym ``PS:'' , which by the way is written without a full stop, you
have to type this yourself. The acronym is typeset neither
automatically nor optionally by the class \Class{scrlttr2}.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{ps}


\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{cc}\Parameter{distribution list}\\
  \Variable{ccseparator}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{cc}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{ccseparator}%
With the command \Macro{cc} it is possible to typeset a
\PName{distribution list}.  The command takes the \PName{distribution
  list} as its argument. If the content of the variable
\Variable{ccseparator} is not empty, then the name and the content of
this variable is inserted before \PName{distribution list}.  In this
case the \PName{distribution list} will be indented appropriately.  It
is a good idea to set the \PName{distribution list}
\Macro{raggedright} and to separate the individual entries with a
double backslash.
\begin{Example}
  You want to indicate that your letter is sent to all members of a
  society and to the board of directors:
\begin{lstlisting}
   \cc{%
     the board of directors\\
     all society members}
\end{lstlisting}
This instruction should be written below the \Macro{closing}
instruction from the previous example, or below a possible postscript.
\end{Example}
A vertical space is inserted automatically before the distribution
list.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{cc}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{ccseparator}%


\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{encl}\Parameter{enclosures}\\
  \Variable{enclseparator}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{encl}%
\BeginIndex{Variable}{enclseparator}%
\PName{Enclosures} have the same structure as the distribution list.
The only difference is that here the enclosures starts with the name
and content of the variable \Variable{enclseparator}.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{encl}%
\EndIndex{Variable}{enclseparator}%


\section{Language Support}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.languages}
\BeginIndex{}{language}%

The document class \Class{scrlttr2} supports many languages.  These
include German (\PValue{german} for old German orthography,
\PValue{ngerman} for the new orthography, and \PValue{austrian} for
Austrian), English (\PValue{english} without specification as to
whether American or British should be used, \PValue{american} and
\PValue{USenglish} for American, and \PValue{british} and
\PValue{UKenglish} for British), French, Italian, Spanish, Dutch,
Croatian and Finnish.

\subsection{Language Selection}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.switchLanguage}
\Index[indexmain]{language>selection}

If the package \Package{babel}\IndexPackage{babel} (see
\cite{package:babel}) is used, one can switch between languages with
the command \Macro{selectlanguage}\Parameter{language}.  Other
packages like \Package{german}\IndexPackage{german} (see
\cite{package:german}) and \Package{ngerman}\IndexPackage{ngerman}
(see \cite{package:ngerman}) also define this command.  As a rule
though, the language selection takes place already as a direct
consequence of loading such a package. Further information can be
obtained in the documentation of the relevant packages.

\begin{Explain}
  There is one thing more to mention about language packages.  The
  package \Package{french}\IndexPackage{french} (see
  \cite{package:french}) redefines not only the terms of
  \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.languageTerms}, but also other, for instance
  it even redefines the command \Macro{opening}, since it assumes that
  the definition of the standard \Class{letter} is used.  With
  \Class{scrlttr2} this is not the case, therefore the package
  \Package{french} destroys the definition in \Class{scrlttr2} and
  does not work correctly with \KOMAScript. The author views this is a
  fault in the \Package{french} package.

  If one utilizes the \Package{babel}\IndexPackage{babel} package in
  order to switch to language \PValue{french} while the package
  \Package{french}\IndexPackage{french} is simultaneously installed,
  then the same problems will likely occur, since \Package{babel}
  employs definitions from the \Package{french} package. If the
  package \Package{french} is not installed then there are no
  problems. Aimilarly, there is no problem if for \Package{babel}
  instead of \PValue{french} other languages like \PValue{acadian},
  \PValue{canadien}, \PValue{francais} or \PValue{frenchb} are chosen.

  From \Package{babel} version 3.7j this problem only occurs when it
  is indicated explicitly by means of an option that \Package{babel}
  should use the \Package{french} package.

  If it cannot be ascertained that a new version of \Package{babel} is
  being used, it is recommended to use

  %\Macro{usepackage}\PValue{[...,frenchb,...]}\PParameter{babel}

  \begin{lstlisting}
    \usepackage[...,frenchb,...]{babel}
  \end{lstlisting}

  in order to select french.

  Other languages can possibly cause similar problems. Currently there
  are no known problems with the \Package{babel} package for the
  german language and the various english language selections.

%   \iftrue
%   % You may use this paragraphs to improve page break:
%   Most \Package{babel} features in \Package{babel} or original
%   language definition files of \Package{babel} (e.\,g.,
%   \File{frenchb.ldf}), which may cause problems with other packages or
%   classes, can be switched off. This is a great advantage of babel. So
%   if you have a problem, try to switch of such features or ask the
%   authors of \Package{babel}.

%   There are no known problems with using the
%   \Package{german}\IndexPackage{german} or
%   \Package{ngerman}\IndexPackage{ngerman} package for german selection
%   with old or new orthography, nor for the various english selections.
%   \fi
\end{Explain}
 
\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{captionsenglish}\\
  \Macro{captionsUSenglish}\\
  \Macro{captionsamerican}\\
  \Macro{captionsbritish}\\
  \Macro{captionsUKenglish}\\
  \Macro{captionsgerman}\\
  \Macro{captionsngerman}\\
  \Macro{captionsaustrian}\\
  \Macro{captionsfrench}\\
  \Macro{captionsitalian}\\
  \Macro{captionsspanish}\\
  \Macro{captionsdutch}\\
  \Macro{captionscroatian} \\
  \Macro{captionsfinnish}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{captionsenglish}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{captionsUSenglish}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{captionsamerican}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{captionsbritish}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{captionsUKenglish}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{captionsgerman}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{captionsngerman}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{captionsaustrian}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{captionsfrench}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{captionsitalian}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{captionsspanish}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{captionsdutch}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{captionscroatian} 
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{captionsfinnish} If one switches the language then
using these commands the language-dependent terms from
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.languageTerms} are redefined.  If the used
language selection scheme does not support this then the commands
above can be used directly.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{captionsenglish}\EndIndex{Cmd}{captionsUSenglish}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{captionsamerican}\EndIndex{Cmd}{captionsbritish}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{captionsUKenglish}\EndIndex{Cmd}{captionsgerman}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{captionsngerman}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{captionsaustrian}\EndIndex{Cmd}{captionsfrench}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{captionsitalian}\EndIndex{Cmd}{captionsspanish}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{captionsdutch}\EndIndex{Cmd}{captionscroatian}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{captionsfinnish}

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{dateenglish}\\
  \Macro{dateUSenglish}\\
  \Macro{dateamerican}\\
  \Macro{datebritish}\\
  \Macro{dateUKenglish}\\
  \Macro{dategerman}\\
  \Macro{datengerman}\\
  \Macro{dateaustrian}\\
  \Macro{datefrench}\\
  \Macro{dateitalian}\\
  \Macro{datespanish}\\
  \Macro{datedutch}\\
  \Macro{datecroatian}\\
  \Macro{datefinnish}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{dateenglish}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{dateUSenglish}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{dateamerican}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{datebritish}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{dateUKenglish}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{dategerman}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{datengerman}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{dateaustrian}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{datefrench}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{dateitalian}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{datespanish}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{datedutch}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{datecroatian}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{datefinnish}%
The numerical representation of the date\Index{date} (see option
\Option{numericaldate} in \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.headoptions}) will be
written depending on the selected language. Some examples can be found
in \autoref{tab:date}.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{dateenglish}\EndIndex{Cmd}{dateUSenglish}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{dateamerican}\EndIndex{Cmd}{datebritish}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{dateUKenglish}\EndIndex{Cmd}{dategerman}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{datengerman}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{dateaustrian}\EndIndex{Cmd}{datefrench}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{dateitalian}\EndIndex{Cmd}{datespanish}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{datedutch}\EndIndex{Cmd}{datecroatian}%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{datefinnish}%

\begin{table}[t]
  \centering
  \caption{Language-dependent forms of the date}
  \begin{tabular}{ll}
    \toprule
    Command & Date example \\
    \midrule
    \Macro{dateenglish}   & 1/12/1993\\
    \Macro{dateUSenglish} & 12/1/1993\\
    \Macro{dateamerican}  & 12/1/1993\\
    \Macro{datebritish}   & 1/12/1993\\
    \Macro{dateUKenglish} & 1/12/1993\\
    \Macro{dategerman}    & 1.\,12.\,1993\\
    \Macro{datengerman}   & 1.\,12.\,1993\\
    \Macro{dateaustrian}  & 1.\,12.\,1993\\
    \Macro{datefrench}    & 1.\,12.\,1993\\
    \Macro{dateitalian}   & 1.\,12.\,1993\\
    \Macro{datespanish}   & 1.\,12.\,1993\\
    \Macro{datedutch}     & 1.\,12.\,1993\\
    \Macro{datecroatian}  & 1.\,12.\,1993.\\
    \Macro{datefinnish }  & 1.12.1993.\\
    \bottomrule
  \end{tabular}
  \label{tab:date}
\end{table}
%


\subsection{Language-Dependent Terms}%
\label{sec:scrlttr2.languageTerms}%
\BeginIndex{}{language>-dependent terms}%
\BeginIndex{}{terms>language-dependent}

As is usual in {\LaTeX}, the language-dependent terms are defined by
commands which are then redefined when one switches the language.

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{yourrefname}\\
  \Macro{yourmailname}\\
  \Macro{myrefname}\\
  \Macro{customername}\\
  \Macro{invoicename}\\
  \Macro{subjectname}\\
  \Macro{ccname}\\
  \Macro{enclname}\\
  \Macro{headtoname}\\
  \Macro{headfromname}\\
  \Macro{datename}\\
  \Macro{pagename}\\
  \Macro{phonename}\\
  \Macro{faxname}\\
  \Macro{emailname}\\
  \Macro{wwwname}\\
  \Macro{bankname}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{yourrefname}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{yourmailname}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{myrefname}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{customername}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{invoicename}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{subjectname}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{ccname}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{enclname}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{headtoname}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{headfromname}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{datename}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{pagename}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{phonename}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{faxname}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{emailname}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{wwwname}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{bankname} The commands above contain the
language-dependent terms. These definitions can be modified in order
to support a new language or for private customization.  How this can
be done is described in \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.defLanguageTerms}.  The
definitions become active only at \Macro{begin}\PParameter{document}.
Therefore they are not available in the {\LaTeX} preamble and cannot
be redefined there. In \autoref{tab:scrlttr2.languageTerms} the
default settings for \Option{english} and \Option{ngerman} can be
found.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{yourrefname}\EndIndex{Cmd}{yourmailname}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{myrefname}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{customername}\EndIndex{Cmd}{invoicename}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{subjectname}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{ccname}\EndIndex{Cmd}{enclname}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{headtoname}\EndIndex{Cmd}{headfromname}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{datename}\EndIndex{Cmd}{pagename}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{phonename}\EndIndex{Cmd}{faxname}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{emailname}\EndIndex{Cmd}{wwwname}
\EndIndex{Cmd}{bankname}

\begin{table}[!t]
  \begin{minipage}{\textwidth}
  \centering
  \caption{Default settings for languages \Option{english}
    and \Option{ngerman}}
  \begin{tabular}{lll}
    \toprule
    Command         & \Option{english} & \Option{ngerman} \\
    \midrule
    \Macro{bankname}     & Bank account   & Bankverbindung \\
    \Macro{ccname}\footnotemark[1]       & cc             & Kopien an \\
    \Macro{customername} & Customer no.   & Kundennummer \\
    \Macro{datename}     & Date           & Datum \\
    \Macro{emailname}    & Email          & E-Mail \\
    \Macro{enclname}\footnotemark[1]     & encl           & Anlagen \\
    \Macro{faxname}      & Fax            & Fax \\
    \Macro{headfromname} & From           & Von \\
    \Macro{headtoname}\footnotemark[1]   & To             & An \\
    \Macro{invoicename}  & Invoice no.    & Rechnungsnummer \\
    \Macro{myrefname}    & Our ref.       & Unser Zeichen \\
    \Macro{pagename}\footnotemark[1]     & Page           & Seite \\
    \Macro{phonename}    & Phone          & Telefon \\
    \Macro{subjectname}  & Subject        & Betrifft \\
    \Macro{wwwname}      & Url            & URL \\
    \Macro{yourmailname} & Your letter of & Ihr Schreiben vom\\
    \Macro{yourrefname}  & Your ref.      & Ihr Zeichen \\
    \bottomrule
  \end{tabular}
  \label{tab:scrlttr2.languageTerms}
  \deffootnote{1em}{1em}{\textsuperscript{1}}%
  \footnotetext[1000]{Normally these terms are defined by language
    packages like \Package{babel}. In this case they are not redefined
    by \Class{scrlttr2} and may differ from the table above.}
  \end{minipage}
\end{table}
%

\subsection{Defining and Changing Language-dependent Terms}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.defLanguageTerms}
\Index[indexmain]{language>definition}
\begin{Explain}
  Normally one has to change or define the language-dependent terms of
  \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.switchLanguage} in such a way that in addition
  to the available terms the new or redefined terms are defined. This
  is made more difficult by the fact that some packages like
  \Package{german}\IndexPackage{german} or
  \Package{ngerman}\IndexPackage{ngerman} redefine those settings when
  the packages are loaded. This definitions unfortunately occurs in
  such a manner as to destroy all previous private settings. That is
  also the reason why \Class{scrlttr2} delays its own changes, with
  \Macro{AtBeginDocument} until \Macro{begin}\PParameter{document},
  that is, after package loading is completed. The user can also use
  \Macro{AtBeginDocument}, or redefine the language-dependent terms
  after \Macro{begin}\PParameter{document}, that is, not put them in
  the preamble at all. The class \Class{scrlttr2} even provides some
  additional commands for defining language-dependent terms.
\end{Explain}

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{providecaptionname}%
    \Parameter{language}\Parameter{term}\Parameter{definition}\\
  \Macro{newcaptionname}%
    \Parameter{language}\Parameter{term}\Parameter{definition}\\
  \Macro{renewcaptionname}%
    \Parameter{language}\Parameter{term}\Parameter{definition}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{providecaptionname}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{newcaptionname}%
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{renewcaptionname}%
Using one of the commands above, the user can assign a
\PName{definition} for a particular \PName{language} to a
\PName{term}.  The \PName{term} is always a macro. The commands differ
dependent on whether a given \PName{language} or a \PName{term} within
a given \PName{language} are already defined or not at the time the
command is called.

If \PName{language} is not defined, then \Macro{providecaptionname}
does nothing other than writes a message in the log file. This happens
only once for each language.  If \PName{language} is defined but
\PName{term} is not yet defined for it, then it will be defined using
\PName{definition}.  The \PName{term} will not be redefined if the
\PName{language} already has such a definition; instead, an
appropriate message is written to the log file.

The command \Macro{newcaptionname} has a slightly different behaviour.
If the \PName{language} is not yet defined, then a new language
command (see \autoref{sec:scrlttr2.switchLanguage}) will be created
and a message written to the log file.  If \PName{term} is not yet
defined in \PName{language}, then it will be defined using
\PName{definition}.  If \PName{term} already exists in
\PName{language}, then this results in an error message.

The command \Macro{renewcaptionname} again behaves differently. It
requires an existing definition of \PName{term} in \PName{language}.
If neither \PName{language} nor \PName{term} exist or \PName{term} is
unknown in a defined language then a error message will be
given. Otherwise, the \PName{term} for \PName{language} will be
redefined according to \PName{definition}.

The class \Class{scrlttr2} itself employs \Macro{providecaptionname}
in order to define the commands in
\autoref{sec:scrlttr2.languageTerms}.
\begin{Example}
  If you prefer ``Your message of'' instead of ``Your letter of'', you
  have to redefine the definition of \Macro{yourmailname}.
\begin{lstlisting}
  \renewcaptionname{english}{\yourmailname}{%
    Your message of}
\end{lstlisting}
  
Since only existing terms in available languages can be redefined, you
have to put the command after \Macro{begin}\PParameter{document} or
delay the command by using \Macro{AtBeginDocument}. Furthermore, you
will get an error message if there is no package used that switches
language selection to \PName{english}.
\end{Example}
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{providecaptionname}%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{newcaptionname}%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{renewcaptionname}%
%
\EndIndex{}{language}%
\EndIndex{}{language>-dependent terms}%
\EndIndex{}{terms>language-dependent}

\section{Address Files and Circular Letters}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.addressFile}
\BeginIndex{}{address>file}\BeginIndex{}{circular letters}%

When people write circular letters one of the more odious tasks is the
typing of many different addresses.  The class \Class{scrlttr2}, as
did its predecessor \Class{scrlettr} as well, provides basic support
for this task.  Currently there are plans for much enhanced support.

\typeout{^^J--- Ignore underfull and overfull \string\hbox:}%
\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{adrentry}\Parameter{Lastname}\Parameter{Firstname}%
  \Parameter{Address}\Parameter{Phone}\Parameter{F1}\Parameter{F2}%
  \Parameter{Comment}\Parameter{Key}
\end{Declaration}%
\typeout{^^J--- Don't ignore underfull and overfull \string\hbox:}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{adrentry}
\label{decl:adrentry}

The class \Class{scrlttr2} supports the use of address files which
contain address entries, very useful for circular letters. The file
extension of the address file has to be \File{.adr}. Each entry is an
\Macro{adrentry} command with eight parameters, for example:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \adrentry{McEnvy}
           {Flann}
           {Main Street 1\\ Glasgow}
           {123 4567}
           {male}
           {}
           {niggard}
           {FLANN}
\end{lstlisting}
The 5\textsuperscript{th} and 6\textsuperscript{th} elements,
\PValue{F1} and \PValue{F2}, can be used freely: for example, for the
gender, the academic grade, the birthday, or the date on which the
person joined a society.  The last parameter \PName{Key} should only
consist of uppercase letters in order to not interfere with existing
{\TeX} or {\LaTeX} commands.

\begin{Example}
  Mr.\,McEnvy is one of your most important business partners, but
  every day you receive correspondence from him.  Before long you do
  not want to bother typing his boring address again and again.  Here
  \Class{scrlttr2} can help.  Assume that all your business partners
  have an entry in your \File{partners.adr} address file.  If you now
  have to reply to Mr.\,McEnvy again, then you can save typing as
  follows:
  \begin{lstlisting}
    \input{partners.adr}
    \begin{letter}{\FLANN}
      Your correspondence of today \dots
    \end{letter}
  \end{lstlisting}
  Your {\TeX} system must be configured to have access to your address
  file. Without access, the \Macro{input} command results in an
  error. You can either put your address file in the same directory
  where you are running {\LaTeX}, or configure your system to find the
  file in a special directory.
\end{Example}
% 
\EndIndex{Cmd}{adrentry}

\typeout{^^J--- Ignore underfull and overfull \string\hbox:}%
\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{addrentry}\Parameter{Lastname}\Parameter{Firstname}%
  \Parameter{Address}\Parameter{Phone}\Parameter{F1}\Parameter{F2}%
  \Parameter{F3}\Parameter{F4}\Parameter{Key}
\end{Declaration}%
\typeout{^^J--- Dont't ignore underfull and overfull \string\hbox:}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{addrentry}%
Over the years people have objected that the \Macro{adrentry} has only
two free parameters. To cater to this demand, there now exists a new
command called \Macro{addrentry}\,---\,note the additional
``d''\,---\,which supports four freely-definable parameters. Since
{\TeX} supports maximally nine parameters per command, the comment
parameter has fallen away. Other than this difference, the use is the
same as that of \Macro{adrentry}.

Both \Macro{adrentry} and \Macro{addrentry} commands can be freely
mixed in the \File{adr} files. However, it should be noted that there
are some packages which are not suited to the use of
\Macro{addrentry}.  For example, the \Package{adrconv} by Axel
Kielhorn can be used to create address lists from \File{adr} files,
but it has currently no support for command \Macro{addrentry}.  In
this case, the only choice is to extend the package yourself.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{addrentry}

Besides the simple access to addresses, the address files can be
easily used in order to write circular letters.  Thus, there is no
requirement to access a complicated database system via {\TeX}.
%
\begin{Example}
  Suppose you are member of a society and want write an invitation for
  the next general meeting to all members.
  \begin{lstlisting}
    \documentclass{scrlttr2}
    \begin{document}
    \renewcommand*{\adrentry}[8]{
      \begin{letter}{#2 #1\\#3}
        \opening{Dear members,} Our next general meeting will be on
        Monday, August 12, 2002. The following topics are \dots
        \closing{Regards,}
      \end{letter}
    }
    \input{members.adr}
  \end{document}
\end{lstlisting}
If the address file contains \Macro{addrentry} commands too, than an
additional definition for \Macro{addrentry} is required before loading
the address file:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \renewcommand*{\addrentry}[9]{%
    \adrentry{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}{#7}{#9}%
  }
\end{lstlisting}
In this simple example the extra freely-definable parameter is not
used, and therefore \Macro{addrentry} is defined with the help of
\Macro{adrentry}.
\end{Example}

With some additional programming one can let the content of the
letters depend on the address data. For this the free parameters of
the \Macro{adrentry} and and \Macro{addrentry} commands can be used.

\begin{Example}
  Suppose the 5\textsuperscript{th} parameter of the \Macro{adrentry}
  command contains the gender of a member (\PValue{m/f}), and the
  6\textsuperscript{th} parameter contains what amount of subscription
  has not yet been paid by the member. If you would like to write a
  more personal reminder to each such member, then the next example
  can help you:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \renewcommand*{\adrentry}[8]{
    \ifdim #6pt>0pt\relax
    % #6 is an amount greater than 0.
    % Thus, this selects all members with due subscription.
      \begin{letter}{#2 #1\\#3}
        \if #5m \opening{Dear Mr.\,#2,} \fi
        \if #5f \opening{Dear Mrs.\,#2,} \fi

        Unfortunately we have to remind you that you have
        still not paid the member subscription for this
        year.

        Please remit EUR #6 to the account of the society.
       \closing{Regards,}
      \end{letter}
     \fi
  }
\end{lstlisting}
\end{Example}
As you can see, the letter text can be made more personal by depending
on attributes of the letter's addressee.  The number of attributes is
only restricted by number of two free parameters of the
\Macro{adrentry} command, or four free parameters of the
\Macro{addrentry} command.

\begin{Declaration}
  \Macro{adrchar}\Parameter{initial letter}\\
  \Macro{addrchar}\Parameter{initial letter}
\end{Declaration}
\BeginIndex{Cmd}{adrchar}\BeginIndex{Cmd}{addrchar}
\Index[indexmain]{address>list}\Index[indexmain]{telephone list}%
As already mentioned above, it is possible to create address and
telephone lists using \File{adr} files.  For that, the additional
package \Package{adrconv} by Axel Kielhorn (see
\cite{package:adrconv}) is needed.  This package contains interactive
{\LaTeX} documents which help to create those lists.

The address files have to be sorted already in order to obtain sorted
lists. It is recommended to separate the sorted entries at each
different initial letter of \PName{Lastname}.  As a separator, the
commands \Macro{adrchar} and \Macro{addrchar} can be used.. These
commands will be ignored if the address files are utilized in
\Class{scrlettr2}.
%
\begin{Example}
  Suppose you have the following short address file:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \adrchar{A}
  \adrentry{Angel}{Gabriel}
           {Cloud 3\\12345 Heaven's Realm}
           {000\,01\,02\,03}{}{}{archangel}{GABRIEL}
  \adrentry{Angel}{Michael}
           {Cloud 3a\\12345 Heaven's Realm}
           {000\,01\,02\,04}{}{}{archangel}{MICHAEL}
  \adrchar{K}
  \adrentry{Kohm}{Markus}
           {Freiherr-von-Drais-Stra\ss e 66\\68535 Edingen-Neckarhausen}
           {+49~62\,03~1\,??\,??}{}{}{no angel at all}
           {KOMA}
\end{lstlisting}
  This address file can be treated with \File{adrdir.tex} of the
  \Package{adrconv} package~\cite{package:adrconv}.
  The result should look like this:
  \begin{center}
    \setlength{\unitlength}{1mm}
    \begin{picture}(80,57)
      \put(0,57){\line(1,0){80}}
      \put(0,3){\line(0,1){54}}
      \put(80,3){\line(0,1){54}}
      \thicklines
      \put(10,42){\line(1,0){60}}
      \put(70,45){\makebox(0,0)[r]{\textsf{\textbf{A}}}}
      \put(10,23){\makebox(0,20)[l]{\parbox{5cm}{\raggedright
            \textsc{Angel}, Gabriel\\\quad\small Cloud 3\\
            \quad 12345 Heaven's Realm\\
            \quad (archangel)}}}
      \put(70,23){\makebox(0,20)[r]{\parbox{2cm}{\raggedright~\\
            \small~\\\textsc{gabriel}\\000\,01\,02\,03}}}
      \put(10,4){\makebox(0,20)[l]{\parbox{5cm}{\raggedright
            \textsc{Angel}, Michael\\\quad\small Cloud 3a\\
            \quad 12345 Heaven's Realm\\
            \quad (archangel)}}}
      \put(70,4){\makebox(0,20)[r]{\parbox{2cm}{\raggedright~\\
            \small~\\\textsc{michael}\\000\,01\,02\,04}}}
      \qbezier(0,3)(10,6)(40,3)\qbezier(40,3)(60,0)(80,3)
    \end{picture}
  \end{center}
  The letter in the page header is created by the \Macro{adrchar}
  command. The definition can be found in \File{adrdir.tex}.
\end{Example}
More about the \Package{adrconv} package can be found in its
documentation. There you should also find information about whether
the current version of \Package{adrconv} supports the
\Macro{addrentry} and \Macro{addrchar} commands.  Former versions only
know the commands \Macro{adrentry} and \Macro{adrchar}.
%
\EndIndex{Cmd}{adrchar}\EndIndex{Cmd}{addrchar}%
%
\EndIndex{}{address>file}\EndIndex{}{circular letters}%

\section{From \Class{scrlettr} to \Class{scrlttr2}}
\label{sec:scrlttr2.fromscrlettr}

The first step in the conversion of an old letter written with the
\Class{scrlettr} class is to load the appropriate \File{lco} file
using option \Option{KOMAold} at \Macro{documentclass}.  Thereupon
most commands of the old class should work.  However, you will
encounter some differences in the output, since the page layout of the
old class is not realized exactly. The reason is that the calculation
of the type area in \Class{scrlettr} has some minor bugs. For example,
the position of the folding marks used to depend on the height of the
page header, which again depended on the font size. That was
unambiguously a design error.

There is no compatibility regarding the defined lengths in
\Class{scrlettr}. Thus, if a user has changed the page layout of
\Class{scrlettr}, then the relevant statements should be deleted or
commented out. In some cases, the modification of a length can cause
an error, since this length is no longer defined in \Class{scrlttr2}.
The user should delete or comment out such modifications as well.

After the switch from \Class{scrlettr} to \Class{scrlttr2}, the old
letter example can be successfully compiled already alone through the
setting of the option \Option{KOMAold}:
\begin{lstlisting}
  \documentclass[10pt,KOMAold]{scrlttr2}
  \name{{\KOMAScript} team}
  \address{Class Alley 1\\12345 {\LaTeX} City}
  \signature{Your {\KOMAScript} team}
  \begin{document}
    \begin{letter}{{\KOMAScript} users\\
                   Everywhere\\world-wide}
      \opening{Dear {\KOMAScript} users,}
      the  {\KOMAScript} team is proud to announce \dots
      \closing{Happy {\TeX}ing}
    \end{letter}
  \end{document}
\end{lstlisting}

The next step is that while wanting the old commands to be still be
available, the layout of the old letter should no longer be used. If,
for example, one wants to sue the layout of the letter class option
\Option{DIN}, then this option can be given in \Macro{documentclass},
but is has to be specified \emph{after} the option \Option{KOMAold}:

\begin{lstlisting}
  \documentclass[10pt,KOMAold,DIN]{scrlttr2}
  \name{{\KOMAScript} team}
  \address{Class Alley 1\\12345 {\LaTeX} City}
  \signature{Your {\KOMAScript} team}
  \begin{document}
    \begin{letter}{{\KOMAScript} users\\
                   Everywhere\\world-wide}
      \opening{Dear {\KOMAScript} users,}
      the {\KOMAScript} team is proud to announce \dots
      \closing{Happy {\TeX}ing}
    \end{letter}
  \end{document}
\end{lstlisting}
By using more options this way, you can further influence the
layout. However, the author recommends a more inherent change right
away.

The last step is to replace all old commands with their new
equivalents, and to omit the option \Option{KOMAold}. For this task,
it may help to read the contents of \File{KOMAold.lco}.  In that file
the old commands are defined using the new commands and variables.

\begin{lstlisting}
  \documentclass{scrlttr2}
  \setkomavar{fromname}{{\KOMAScript} team}
  \setkomavar{fromaddress}{Class Alley 1\\
                           12345 {\LaTeX} City}
  \setkomavar{signature}{Your {\KOMAScript} team}
  \let\raggedsignature=\raggedright
  \begin{document}
    \begin{letter}{{\KOMAScript} users\\
                   Everywhere\\
                   world-wide}
      \opening{Dear {\KOMAScript} users,}
      the {\KOMAScript} team is proud to announce \dots
      \closing{Happy {\TeX}ing}
    \end{letter}
  \end{document}
\end{lstlisting}
This example shows also the possibility to change the alignment of the
signature by redefining the command \Macro{raggedsignature}.  This is
always recommended when the width of the explanation of the signature as
defined by the command
\Macro{setkomavar}\PParameter{signature}\PParameter{\dots} is greater than the
width of the argument of \Macro{closing}.
%
\EndIndex{Class}{scrlttr2}\EndIndex{}{letters}

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% LocalWords:  scrlttr simpleSwitchValues afteropening beforeopening
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