% \iffalse meta-comment
%<*internal>
\begingroup
\input docstrip.tex
\keepsilent
\preamble
______________________________________________________
The biblatex-philosophy package 
Copyright (C) 2009-2017 Ivan Valbusa 
All rights reserved

License information appended

\endpreamble
\postamble

Copyright 2009-2017 by Ivan Valbusa

This program is provided under the terms of the
LaTeX Project Public License distributed from CTAN
archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt.

Author: Ivan Valbusa
ivan dot valbusa at univr dot it

This work has the LPPL maintenance status "author-maintained".

\endpostamble
\askforoverwritefalse

\Msg{*** Generating the class file ***}
\generate{
  \file{philosophy-standard.bbx}{\from{biblatex-philosophy.dtx}{standard-bbx}}
  \file{philosophy-classic.bbx}{\from{biblatex-philosophy.dtx}{classic-bbx}}
  \file{philosophy-modern.bbx}{\from{biblatex-philosophy.dtx}{modern-bbx}}
  \file{philosophy-verbose.bbx}{\from{biblatex-philosophy.dtx}{verbose-bbx}}
  \file{philosophy-classic.cbx}{\from{biblatex-philosophy.dtx}{classic-cbx}}
  \file{philosophy-modern.cbx}{\from{biblatex-philosophy.dtx}{modern-cbx}}
  \file{philosophy-verbose.cbx}{\from{biblatex-philosophy.dtx}{verbose-cbx}}
  \file{italian-philosophy.lbx}{\from{biblatex-philosophy.dtx}{italian-lbx}}
  \file{english-philosophy.lbx}{\from{biblatex-philosophy.dtx}{english-lbx}}
  \file{spanish-philosophy.lbx}{\from{biblatex-philosophy.dtx}{spanish-lbx}}
  \file{biblatex-philosophy.bib}{\from{biblatex-philosophy.dtx}{bib}}
}

\Msg{***********************************************************}
\Msg{*}
\Msg{* To finish the installation you have to move the following}
\Msg{* files into a directory searched by TeX:}
\Msg{*}
\Msg{* \space\space philosophy-standard.bbx}
\Msg{* \space\space philosophy-classic.bbx}
\Msg{* \space\space philosophy-modern.bbx}
\Msg{* \space\space philosophy-verbose.bbx}
\Msg{* \space\space philosophy-classic.cbx}
\Msg{* \space\space philosophy-modern.cbx}
\Msg{* \space\space philosophy-verbose.cbx}
\Msg{* \space\space italian-philosophy.lbx}
\Msg{* \space\space english-philosophy.lbx}
\Msg{* \space\space spanish-philosophy.lbx}
\Msg{*}
\Msg{*}
\Msg{* To produce the documentation run}
\Msg{* the file ending with `.dtx' through (pdf)LaTeX. See the}
\Msg{* README file for more details.}
\Msg{*}
\Msg{* Happy TeXing}
\Msg{***********************************************************}
\endgroup
%</internal>
%
% Copyright (C) 2009-2017 by Ivan Valbusa 
% <ivan dot valbusa at univr dot it>
% -------------------------------------------------------
% 
% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the
% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3
% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
% The latest version of this license is in
%   http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
% and version 1.3 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
% version 2005/12/01 or later.
%
% \fi
%
% \iffalse
%<*driver>
\ProvidesFile{biblatex-philosophy.dtx}
%</driver>
%<standard-bbx>\ProvidesFile{philosophy-standard.bbx}
%<classic-bbx>\ProvidesFile{philosophy-classic.bbx}
%<modern-bbx>\ProvidesFile{philosophy-modern.bbx}
%<verbose-bbx>\ProvidesFile{philosophy-verbose.bbx}
%<classic-cbx>\ProvidesFile{philosophy-classic.cbx}
%<modern-cbx>\ProvidesFile{philosophy-modern.cbx}
%<verbose-cbx>\ProvidesFile{philosophy-verbose.cbx}
%<italian-lbx>\ProvidesFile{italian-philosophy.lbx}
%<english-lbx>\ProvidesFile{english-philosophy.lbx}
%<spanish-lbx>\ProvidesFile{spanish-philosophy.lbx}
%<*standard-bbx|classic-bbx|modern-bbx|verbose-bbx|classic-cbx|modern-cbx|verbose-cbx|italian-lbx|english-lbx|spanish-lbx>
[2017/03/17 v1.9.3 A set of styles for biblatex]
%</standard-bbx|classic-bbx|modern-bbx|verbose-bbx|classic-cbx|modern-cbx|verbose-cbx|italian-lbx|english-lbx|spanish-lbx>
%<*driver>
\documentclass[10pt]{ltxdoc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
% fonts and colors
\usepackage[osf,p,mono=false]{libertine}
\usepackage[libertine]{newtxmath}
\usepackage[svgnames]{xcolor}
\definecolor{philA}{rgb}{0.5,0,0}
\usepackage{metalogo}
\usepackage{guit}
\usepackage[final]{microtype}
% doc facilities
\let\cs\relax
\let\cmd\relax
\usepackage{ltxdockit}
\usepackage{btxdockit}
% bibliography
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[style=philosophy-modern,annotation=true]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{biblatex-philosophy.bib}
\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}
% layout
\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{paperwidth=17cm,paperheight=24cm,margin=1.4cm,top=2cm,bottom=2cm,headheight=15pt,ignoreall,heightrounded}
\usepackage{sectsty}
\allsectionsfont{\sffamily}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\fancyhf{}
\fancyhead[L]{© 2009--\the\year\quad Ivan Valbusa}
\fancyfoot[L]{\textsf{biblatex-philosophy} 
  \fileversion{} -- \filedate}
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0.4pt}
\fancyhead[R]{\thepage}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\usepackage[framemethod=TikZ]{mdframed}
\mdfsetup{roundcorner=3pt,linecolor=olive}
\usetikzlibrary{shadows}
% New commands
\def\suftesi{\textsf{suftesi}}
\newcommand{\argstyle}{\itshape}
\DeclareRobustCommand*{\ar}[1]{\texttt{\char`\{}%
  \textrm{\argstyle#1}\texttt{\char`\}}}
\DeclareRobustCommand*{\oar}[1]{\texttt{[}%
  \textrm{\argstyle#1}\texttt{]}}
\DeclareRobustCommand*{\meta}[1]{%
  $\langle${\argstyle\rmfamily#1\kern0.12em}$\rangle$}
\DeclareRobustCommand*{\arm}[1]{\ar{\meta{\argstyle#1}}}
\DeclareRobustCommand*{\oarm}[1]{\oar{\meta{\argstyle#1}}}
\newcommand{\emphasize}[1]{\textcolor{teal}{#1}}
% environments
\newenvironment{ttquote}
{\begin{mdframed}
    \ttfamily\microtypesetup{activate=false}}
  {\end{mdframed}}
\newenvironment{latexcode}
{\begin{mdframed}}
  {\end{mdframed}}
\newenvironment{bibexample}
{\begin{mdframed}[backgroundcolor=philA!10,linecolor=white]}
  {\end{mdframed}}
\newenvironment{bibexamplelist}
{\begin{mdframed}[backgroundcolor=philA!10,linecolor=white]
		\list{}{\setlength{\itemindent}{-.5cm}\setlength{\leftmargin}{.5cm}\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}}}
	{\endlist\end{mdframed}}

\makeatletter
\renewenvironment*{optionlist}
{\list{}{%
    \setlength{\labelwidth}{2.5cm}%
    \setlength{\labelsep}{\z@}%
    \setlength{\leftmargin}{2.5cm}%
    \renewcommand*{\makelabel}[1]{\hss\optionlistfont##1}}%
  \ltd@optionlist}
{\endlist}
\renewenvironment*{fieldlist}[1][3cm]
{\list{}{%
    \setlength{\labelwidth}{#1}%
    \setlength{\labelsep}{\marglistsep}%
    \setlength{\leftmargin}{2.5cm}%
    \renewcommand*{\makelabel}[1]{\hss\marglistfont##1}}%
  \def\fielditem##1##2{%
    \item[##1]%
    \ltd@pdfbookmark{##1}{##1}%
    field (##2)\par\nobreak
    \vspace{\itemsep}}%
  \def\listitem##1##2{%
    \item[##1]%
    \ltd@pdfbookmark{##1}{##1}%
    list (##2)\par\nobreak
    \vspace{\itemsep}}}
{\endlist}
\renewenvironment*{ltxsyntax}[1][3cm]
{\list{}{%
    \setlength{\labelwidth}{3cm}%
    \setlength{\labelsep}{0pt}%
    \setlength{\leftmargin}{#1}%
    \renewcommand*{\makelabel}[1]{%
      \hss\ltxsyntaxfont\ltxsyntaxlabelfont##1}}%
  \let\csitem\ltd@csitem
  \let\cmditem\ltd@cmditem
  \let\envitem\ltd@envitem
  \let\lenitem\ltd@csitem
  \let\boolitem\ltd@boolitem
  \let\cntitem\ltd@item
  \let\optitem\ltd@item}
{\endlist}
{\endlist}
\renewenvironment*{valuelist}[1][]
{\list{}{%
    \ifblank{#1}
    {\setlength{\labelwidth}{5em}}
    {\setlength{\labelwidth}{#1}}%
    \setlength{\labelsep}{1em}%
    \setlength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth}%
    \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep}%
    \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}%
    \renewcommand*{\makelabel}[1]{\valuelistfont##1\hss}}}
{\endlist}
\newcommand*{\valuelistfont}{%
  \color{olive}\sffamily\displayverbfont}
\renewcommand*{\optionlistfont}{%
  \color{philA}\sffamily\displayverbfont}
\renewcommand*{\ltxsyntaxlabelfont}{%
  \color{philA}\sffamily\displayverbfont}
\renewcommand*{\marglistfont}{%
  \color{philA}\sffamily\displayverbfont}
% Table of contents
\renewcommand\tableofcontents{%
  \setlength{\columnsep}{1cm}
  {\centering      
    \section*{\contentsname}%
    \@mkboth{\contentsname}{\contentsname}}   
  \thispagestyle{empty}
  \begin{multicols}{2}
    \@starttoc{toc}%
  \end{multicols}}
  \makeatother
  
  \usepackage{hyperref}
  \hypersetup{%
    pdftitle={User's Guide to \textsf{biblatex philosophy}},
    pdfsubject={Bibliography styles for (Italian) 
      users of biblatex},
    pdfauthor={Ivan Valbusa},
    pdfkeywords={bibliography},
  }   
  
  \EnableCrossrefs         
  \CodelineIndex
  \RecordChanges

\begin{document}
  \DocInput{biblatex-philosophy.dtx}
\end{document}
%
%</driver>
% \fi
%
% \CheckSum{3847}
%
% \CharacterTable
%  {Upper-case    \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
%   Lower-case    \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
%   Digits        \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
%   Exclamation   \!     Double quote  \"     Hash (number) \#
%   Dollar        \$     Percent       \%     Ampersand     \&
%   Acute accent  \'     Left paren    \(     Right paren   \)
%   Asterisk      \*     Plus          \+     Comma         \,
%   Minus         \-     Point         \.     Solidus       \/
%   Colon         \:     Semicolon     \;     Less than     \<
%   Equals        \=     Greater than  \>     Question mark \?
%   Commercial at \@     Left bracket  \[     Backslash     \\
%   Right bracket \]     Circumflex    \^     Underscore    \_
%   Grave accent  \`     Left brace    \{     Vertical bar  \|
%   Right brace   \}     Tilde         \~}
%
% \changes{v1.9.3}{2017/03/17}{Maintenance release. Reset \file{philosophy-verbose.cbx} to version 1.9. Moved \texttt{labelname} format from \file{philosophy-standard.bbx} to \file{philosophy-classic.cbx}.}
% \changes{v1.9.2}{2017/03/14}{Support for \texttt{multivolume} related type. The \texttt{origed} string is substituted with \texttt{origpubas} (redefined for Italiana and Spanish). New string \texttt{opcited}. Deleted \texttt{cited} string. New multi-value option \opt{scauthors} substitutes \opt{scauthorcite} and \opt{scauthorbib} options. Updated documentation.}
% \changes{v1.9.1}{2017/02/16}{Redefined macros for the eechanism. Support for the \bibtype{set} entries. Support for the \opt{origpubin} and  \opt{origpubas} default related types. Improved  \texttt{.lbx} files.  Updated documentation.}
% \changes{v1.9}{2016/11/26}{Redefined \opt{ibidem} and \opt{loccit} strings in file \file{english-philosophy.lbx} according to the Chicago Manual of Style.}
% \changes{v1.8}{2016/06/16}{Maintenance release. Corrected an incompatibility with \opt{scauthors} option.}
% \changes{v1.7}{2016/06/10}{Maintenance release. Updated documentation.}
% \changes{v1.6}{2016/05/22}{Removed compatibility with legacy Bib\TeX{} backend.}
% \changes{v1.5}{2016/05/18}{Improved compatibility with legacy Bib\TeX{} backend.}
% \changes{v1.4}{2016/03/10}{Maintenance release. Updated style for working with \sty{biblatex} v.3.4.}
% \changes{v1.3}{2015/10/09}{Maintenance release. Corrected a spurious space in article entries.}
% \changes{v1.2}{2015/09/19}{Maintenance release. New value \opt{superscript} for \opt{editionformat} option.}
% \changes{v1.1}{2015/06/13}{Maintenance release. Updated documentation.}
% \changes{v1.0}{2015/03/31}{Corrected a bug in \opt{volumeformat} and \opt{volnumformat} options. Change value \opt{romanupp} to \opt{Roman} in \opt{volume format} and \opt{edition format}. Corrected bug in \opt{related format} options: now the related block is not preceded by semicolon when using values \opt{parens} and \opt{brackets} styles. §updated documentation}
% \changes{v0.9i}{2015/03/14}{Corrected a bug with \opt{shorthandintro} option.}
% \changes{v0.9h}{2015/01/14}{New option \opt{lowscauthors}. Corrected some bugs. Updated documentation.}
% \changes{v0.9g}{2014/12/12}{Added localization module for spanish. Corrected a bug in \bibtype{inbook} and \bibtype{incollection} entries when using \bibfield{crossref} field. Updated documentation.}
% \changes{v0.9f}{2014/03/28}{Updated documentation. Corrected a bug in the \opt{volnumformat} option.}
% \changes{v0.9e}{2014/02/12}{Maintenance release. Updated documentation.}
% \changes{v0.9d}{2013/11/13}{Maintenance release. Corrected some bugs.}
% \changes{v0.9c}{2013/10/15}{Maintenance release. Corrected some bugs.}
% \changes{v0.9b}{2013/08/30}{Updated bibliography drivers to correct a bug when using the \bibfield{related} mechanism.}
% \changes{v0.9a}{2013/07/04}{Maintenance release. Corrected some bugs.}
% \changes{v0.8f}{2013/06/20}{New option \opt{nodate} for \cmd{printbibliography} command}
% \changes{v0.8e}{2013/04/13}{Improved \opt{relatedformat} option for cascading entries. Implemented cross-referencing mechanism for \bibtype{inproceedings} entries. Improved \cmd{ccite} command. Changed the values for the \bibfield{entrysubtype} from \bibfield{classical} to \bibfield{classic}. Added \opt{nodate} package option.}
% \changes{v0.8d}{2013/03/30}{Fixed some bugs related to \cmd{DeclareDriverSourcemap}, \cmd{ccite}, and \bibtype{review} entry type}
% \changes{v0.8c}{2013/03/27}{Removed \sty{biber.conf} configuration file. Added internal \file{biber} settings with \cmd{DeclareDriverSourcemap} command. Added \bibfield{trans-} field alias}
% \changes{v0.8b}{2013/03/22}{Added \sty{biber.conf} configuration file}
% \changes{v0.8a}{2013/04/18}{New \bibfield{entrysubtype} field for citing classical texts. New \bibfield{related} field mechanism. New \opt{relatedformat} option. New English documentation. Fixed some bugs}
% \changes{v0.7c}{2011/05/16}{Fixed some bugs. New \opt{origfieldtype} option. Added \bibfield{nodate} bibliography string. Updated documentation}
% \changes{v0.7b}{2010-04-23}{Removed package option \opt{romanvol}. Added package option \opt{volumeformat}. Added package option \opt{editionformat}. Activated the option \opt{singletitle} for style \sty{philosophy-verbose}. Added bibliography driver \bibtype{review}. Added bibliography string \opt{cit}. Added bibliography string \opt{reviewof}. Updated documentation}
% \changes{v0.7a}{2010-04-03}{Added command \opt{volumfont}. Added command \opt{footcitet}. Updated documentation}
% \changes{v0.7}{2010-03-30}{Removed package option \opt{colonloc}. Removed package options \opt{origparens} \opt{origbrackets}. Added package options \opt{origfieldsformat}, \opt{publocformat}, \opt{commacit}, \opt{inbeforejournal}, \opt{romanvol}, \opt{volnumformat}. Added command \opt{volnumpunct}. Added citation commands \cmd{sdcite}, \cmd{ccite}. Updated documentation}
% \changes{v0.6}{2010-03-07}{Added localization file \file{italian-philosophy.lbx}. Added file \file{philosophy-standard.bbx}. New documentation file \file{biblatex-philosophy}. Removed files \file{philosophy-authoryear-doc.tex}, \file{philosophy-verbose-doc.tex}.}
% \changes{v0.5}{}{Added new bibliography style \texttt{philosophy-verbose}. Added localization file \file{italian-philosophy.lbx}. Added package options \opt{origparens}, \opt{origbrackets}, \opt{latinemph}. Changed package options \opt{scauthors}, \opt{scauthorscite}, \opt{scauthorsbib}. Renamed file \file{biblatex-philosophy-doc.tex} to \texttt{philosophy-authoryear-doc.tex}. Added file \file{philosophy-verbose-doc.tex}. Updated documentation}
% \changes{v0.4}{}{Improved compatibility for \sty{biblatex} version 0.9}
%
% \GetFileInfo{biblatex-philosophy.dtx}
%
% \DoNotIndex{\newcommand,\newenvironment,\def,\begin,\vskip,\ }
% \DoNotIndex{\DeclareOption,\ExecuteOptions,\RequirePackage}
% \DoNotIndex{\@@end,\@empty,\@ifclassloaded,\@nameuse,\@nil}
% \DoNotIndex{\@undefined,\\,\`,\addtocounter,\advance,\bfseries}
% \DoNotIndex{\centering,\closeout,\define@key,\documentclass}
% \DoNotIndex{\edef,\else,\end,\endinput,\endtitlepage,\expandafter}
% \DoNotIndex{\extracolsep,\fi,\fill,\fontsize,\g@addto@macro,\toks}
% \DoNotIndex{\hrule,\hspace,\if,\if@twoside,\ifcase,\ifdefined}
% \DoNotIndex{\iffalse,\IfFileExists,\ifnum,\ifx,\immediate,\setcounter}
% \DoNotIndex{\jobname,\let,\long,\MakeUppercase,\MessageBreak}
% \DoNotIndex{\newcount,\newif,\newpage,\newtoks,\newwrite,\next}
% \DoNotIndex{\noexpand,\nofiles,\normalfont,\normalsize,\null}
% \DoNotIndex{\openout,\or,\styage,\styageError,\styageWarning}
% \DoNotIndex{\styageWarningNoLine,\paperheight,\paperwidth,\par}
% \DoNotIndex{\parbox,\parindent,\relax,\scshape,\selectfont,\setkeys}
% \DoNotIndex{\sffamily,\space,\stretch,\string,\textheight,\textwidth}
% \DoNotIndex{\the,\thispagestyle,\unexpanded,\unless,\unskip,\upshape}
% \DoNotIndex{\usepackage,\vbox,\vfill,\vspace,\write,\z@}
% \DoNotIndex{\CurrentOption,\AtEndDocument,\@ne,\c@page,\m@ne}
% \DoNotIndex{\@firstofone,\@gobble,\@makeother,\begingroup,\endgroup}
% \DoNotIndex{\eTeXversion,\hbox,\hsize,\includegraphics,\newlinechar}
% \DoNotIndex{\titlepage,\vss,\vtop,\xdef,\@gobbletwo,\color,\dimexpr}
% \DoNotIndex{\huge,\large,\makebox,\ProcessOptions,\renewcommand}
%
%
% \thispagestyle{empty}
% \begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture]
% \draw[circular drop shadow,draw=none,fill=white] (current page.center) circle (6cm);
% \node[align=center,anchor=center] at (current page.center) {%
% Ivan Valbusa\\[1cm]
% 
%\Huge\color{gray}\bfseries \parbox{10cm}{\centering The \\{{\color{philA}\fontsize{30}{32}\textsf{biblatex-philosophy}}\\ bundle}}\\[1cm]
% \color{black!60!Goldenrod}
%
%\normalsize \fileversion{} -- \filedate
% 
%};
% \end{tikzpicture}
%
% \clearpage 
%
% \thispagestyle{empty}
% \vspace*{\fill}
%
%\noindent Copyright \copyright\ 2009-\the\year{} Ivan Valbusa.
% \bigskip
%
%\noindent This package is author-maintained. 
%Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this software under the 
%terms of the LaTeX Project Public License, version 1.3c ora later (\url{http://latex-project.org/lppl}). This software is provided ''as is'', without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
%
% \bigskip
% 
%\noindent If you have any questions, feedback or requests please email me at \texttt{ivan dot valbusa at univr dot it}. If you need specific features not already implemented, remember to attach the example files.
%
% \clearpage
%
% \begin{center}
% {\color{philA}\bfseries 
%   \Huge User's Guide to\\ \textsf{biblatex-philosophy}\\[3mm]}
% {\large\itshape Bibliography styles for (Italian) users of~\textsf{biblatex}}
%\vspace{.8cm}
%
% \normalsize\fileversion{} -- \filedate
% \vspace{.7cm}
%
% Ivan Valbusa\\[2mm]
%
%  \small Dipartimento di Filologia, Letteratura e Linguistica\\
%  \small Università degli Studi di Verona\\
%  \footnotesize\texttt{ivan dot valbusa at univr dot it}
% \vspace{1cm}
% \end{center}
%
%\begin{abstract}
%\noindent This package provides a small collection of bibliography and citation styles for use with Philipp Lehman's \sty{biblatex} package. These styles try to be language-indipendent but their prime aim is to match the needs of the Italian writers, particularly those concerned in the humanities. They offer useful features to compose detailed bibliographic entries including the translation data of foreign texts, annotations etc. Many options allow you to change the style defaults. Only the Italian, English and Spanish localization is available for now but you can use the styles with all the languages adding simple redefinitions. 
%  \end{abstract} 
%
% \tableofcontents
%
%
%\section*{A brief history}
%
%The firs step toward the creation of the \sty{philosophy-modern} style  was the request of Lorenzo Pantieri in the \GuIT{} Forum: \url{http://www.guit.sssup.it/phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=6472} (See the discussion on \url{http://www.guit.sssup.it/phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=6717.}) Now this is the bibliography style of \citetitle{pantieri:artelatex}, the most popular Italian guide to \LaTeX{} \parencite{pantieri:artelatex}. 
%
% \smallskip
%
% {\itshape\noindent  I would like to thank all those who took part in the debate on {\fontfamily{cmr}\upshape\selectfont\GuIT{}} Web site and the authors of the styles which inspired \sty{biblatex-philosophy}, specifically: Dominik \textcite{wassenhoven:dw}, James \textcite{clawson:mla} and  Sander \textcite{glibof:historian}. Last but not least, a special thank to Philipp \textcite{lehman:biblatex} for his fundamental package and to the actual developers, Philip Kime\index{Kime, Philip}, Audrey Boruvka\index{Boruvka, Audrey} and Joseph Wright\index{Wright, Joseph}.
% }
%
%\section{Use}
%
% 
%The styles can be loaded as usual, but to ensure language-specific quotation marks you need \sty{babel} or \sty{polyglossia} and \sty{csquotes} \parencite[see][]{babel,polyglossia,csquotes}. Biber in place of Bib\TeX{} is also required as backend bibliography processor \parencite{kime:biber}. The example below shows a typical code for an Italian document. Replace \meta{style} with \sty{classic}, \sty{modern} or \sty{verbose}, and \meta{bibfile} with the name of your bibliography file (``.bib'' must be declared). For other languages you can choose to use or not the Italian-style quotation marks provided by \sty{csquotes}.
%\begin{ttquote}
%\cmd{usepackage}\oar{italian}\ar{babel}\\
%\cmd{usepackage}\oar{style=italian}\ar{csquotes}\\
%\cmd{usepackage}\oar{style=philosophy-\meta{style}}\ar{biblatex}\\
%\mbox{}\quad \cmd{addbibresource}\ar{\meta{bibfile}.bib}
%\end{ttquote}
%To uniform the style of quotation marks in multilingual bibliographies typeset using the \opt{babel=other} package option, you can use the \cmd{DeclareQuoteAlias} command. For example:
%\begin{ttquote}
%\cmd{DeclareQuoteAlias}\ar{italian}\ar{german}
%\end{ttquote}
%
%
%\section{The styles}\label{sec:introduction}
% This package provides three different styles: a verbose style and two author-year styles. The first simple and trivial characteristic of these style is that they use commas instead of dots to separate the parts of the entry, according to the most common Italian tradition. But they do much more, of course. The other features, some of which are style-dependent, are described in the next sections and can be easily examined looking at the examples at the end of this documentation or typesetting the example files in the \texttt{texmf-dist/doc/latex/biblatex-philosophy/examples.zip} \TeX Live folder. 
%
% Note that the multi-authors (editors) entries adopt a very rational criterion for the ordering of the list. Only for the first author (editor) the surname precedes the name while the other authors (editors) are typeset in the form ``Name Surname'' (e.g. ``Eco, Umberto and Gianni Vattimo''). The Italian (academic) writers often see this feature like a sort of inconsistency. Actually it is inconsistent to typeset all the authors in the form ``Surname, Name'' when this is useless.
% 
%\subsection[\sty{philosophy-classic}]{The \sty{philosophy-classic} style}
%
%The \sty{classic} style is a standard author-year style associated to a compact citation scheme which allows to cite multiple entries of the same author and/or published in the same year, omitting some redundant informations:
%\begin{bibexample}
%Knuth (1984, 1986a,b,c,d)
%\end{bibexample}
% A \sty{classic} bibliography is shown below. You can change indentation, horizontal and vertical space between entries and  between blocks or groups of entries. The dash can be replaced by the author's label via the \opt{dashed=false} option and you can have brackets in place of parentheses. See the \sty{biblatex} documentation  and section \ref{sec:lengths}.
%\begin{bibexamplelist}
%\item Donald E. Knuth (1984-1986),  \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, 5 vols., Addison-Wesley.
%\item ---
%(1984)  \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, vol. A: \emph{The \TeX book}, Addison-Wesley.
%\item ---
%(1986a)  \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, vol. B: \emph{\TeX: The Program}, Addison-Wesley.
% \item ---
%(1986b)  \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, vol. C: \emph{The METAFONTbook}, Addison-Wesley.
%  \item ---
%(1986c)  \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, vol. D: \emph{METAFONT: The Program}, Addison-Wesley.
%  \item ---
%(1986d)  \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, vol. E: \emph{Computer Modern Typefaces}, Addison-Wesley.
%  \end{bibexamplelist}
%
%
%\subsection[\sty{philosophy-modern}]{The \sty{philosophy-modern} style} \label{esempio-modern}
%
%The \sty{modern} style uses the ``classic'' citation scheme but produces a fancy bibliography divided into blocks, which is particularly suited for bibliographies with many entries for the same author. You can change the distance between year and title and, of course, all the common features with the ``classic'' style. Here is an example of a \sty{modern} bibliography: 
%  \begin{bibexample}
%    \list{}{
%    \setlength{\labelwidth}{2cm}
%    \setlength{\leftmargin}{2cm}
%    \setlength{\itemsep}{0em}
%  }
%  \item \hskip-2cm Donald E. Knuth
%  \item[1984/1986]
%    \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, 5 vols., Addison-Wesley.
%  \item[1984]
%    \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, vol. A: \emph{The \TeX book}, Addison-Wesley.
%  \item[1986a]
%    \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, vol. B: \emph{\TeX: The Program}, Addison-Wesley.
%   \item[1986b]
%    \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, vol. C: \emph{The METAFONTbook}, Addison-Wesley.
%    \item[1986c]
%    \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, vol. D: \emph{METAFONT: The Program}, Addison-Wesley.
%\endlist
%    \end{bibexample}
%  
%
%\subsection[\sty{philosophy-verbose}]{The \sty{philosophy-verbose} style}\label{sec:verbose}
%
%This style is aimed for citations given in the footnotes and follows the most popular scheme used in the Italian humanities. It prints a full citation similar to a bibliography entry when an item is cited for the first time, and a short citation afterwards, using the title (possibly shortened in the \bibfield{shorttitle} field), followed by the string ``cit.''.
%Citing the same entry two times, in the second one the string ``Ivi'' is used; citing the same place of the previous citation you will have ``Ibidem'':
%    \begin{bibexample}
%        \textsuperscript{1} Cfr. Cartesio, \emph{Discorso sul metodo}, trad. e 
%        introd. di Lucia Urbani Ulivi, 1\textsuperscript{a} ed., testo francese a fronte, Bompiani, 
%        Milano 2002, p. 43.\\
%        \textsuperscript{2} \emph{Ivi}, p. 26. \\
%        \textsuperscript{3} \emph{Ibidem}. \\
%        \textsuperscript{4} Settimo Termini, «Vita morte e miracoli di Alan 
%        Mathison Turing», in \emph{Vite matematiche. Protagonisti del '900 da 
%        Hilbert a Wiles}, a cura di Claudio Bartocci \emph{et al.}, Springer-Verlag Italia, 
%        Milano 2007, pp. 59-61.
%        \textsuperscript{5} Cartesio, \emph{Discorso sul metodo} cit., p. 35.
%    \end{bibexample}
%
%When there is only one entry for the same author, with the \opt{singletitle=true} option 
%the string ``op. cit.'' is used instead of the (short) title followed by ``cit.'':%
%\begin{bibexample}
%\textsuperscript{6} Cartesio, op. cit., p. 35.
%\end{bibexample}
%
%All the scholarly abbreviations (\emph{latinitates}) but ``cit.'' are printed by default in normal font. With the \opt{latinemph} option (section \ref{sec:options-verbose}) you can get them in italic shape.
%
% A \sty{verbose} bibliography is similar to a \sty{classic} bibliography but with the year placed at the end of the entry:
%\begin{bibexamplelist}
%\item Donald E. Knuth,  \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, 5 vols., Addison-Wesleys, 1984-1986.
%\item ---
%  \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, vol. A: \emph{The \TeX book}, Addison-Wesley, 1984.
%\item ---
%  \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, vol. B: \emph{\TeX: The Program}, Addison-Wesley, 1986.
% \item ---
%  \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, vol. C: \emph{The METAFONTbook}, Addison-Wesley, 1986.
%  \item ---
%  \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, vol. D: \emph{METAFONT: The Program}, Addison-Wesley, 1986.
%  \item ---
%  \emph{Computers \& Typesetting}, vol. E: \emph{Computer Modern Typefaces}, Addison- Wesley, 1986.
%  \end{bibexamplelist}
%
% \section{Specialities}\label{sec:specialities}
%
%\subsection{Related entries}\label{sec:related}
%
%The \sty{philosophy} styles use the mechanism provided by the \bibfield{related} field to typeset complex entries comprising both the original publication data and the translation data \parencite[see][]{Poincare:1968-ORIG}. The related entry is preceded by the \texttt{translationas} string which defaults to ``trad.~it.'' for Italian documents, ``trans.~as'' for English documents and ``trad.~es.'' for Spanish documents. If you want to change it, use the \bibfield{relatedstring} field, like in \textcite{popper-logik} which shows, among others, an entry with cascading relations. 
%
%  \begin{bibexamplelist}
%\item Jules-Henri Poincaré (1968), \emph{La science et l'hypothèse}, Flammarion, Paris; trans. as \emph{La scienza e l'ipotesi}, ed. by Corrado Sinigaglia, Bompiani, Milano 2003.
%  \end{bibexamplelist}
%
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%@book{Poincare:1968-ORIG,
%  author    = {Jules-Henri Poincaré},
%  title     = {La science et l'hypothèse},
%  publisher = {Flammarion},
%  location  = {Paris},
%  date      = {1968},
%  related   = {Poincare:1968-ITA}}
%
%@book{Poincare:1968-ITA,
%  author    = {Jules-Henri Poincaré},
%  editor    = {Corrado Sinigaglia},
%  title     = {La scienza e l'ipotesi},
%  publisher = {Bompiani},
%  location  = {Milano}}
%\end{verbatim}
%
%  \end{latexcode}
%\begin{bibexamplelist}
%\item Popper, Karl R.(1934), \emph{Logik der Forschung}, Springer, Wien; trans. \emph{The Logic of Scientific Discovery}, 3rd ed.,
%Hutchinson, London 1959; it. trans. \emph{Logica della scoperta scientifica}, 3rd ed., Einaudi,
%Torino 1998.
%\end{bibexamplelist}
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%@book{popper-logik,
%  title = {Logik der Forschung},
%  publisher = {Springer},
%  author = {Karl R. Popper},
%  date = {1934},
%  location = {Wien},
%  related = {popper-logik:ing}}
%
%@book{popper-logik:ing,
%  title = {The Logic of Scientific Discovery},
%  publisher = {Hutchinson},
%  author = {Karl R. Popper},
%  edition = {3},
%  date = {1959},
%  location = {London},
%  related = {popper-logik:ita},
%  relatedstring={it. trans.}}
%
%@book{popper-logik:ita,
%  title = {Logica della scoperta scientifica},
%  publisher = {Einaudi},
%  author = {Karl R. Popper},
%  edition = {3},
%  date = {1998},
%  location = {Torino}}
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
%
%
%\subsection{Crossreferences}\label{sec:crossref}
%
%
%The \sty{philosophy} styles allow you to manage 
%entries referring to other entries through the \bibfield{crossref} fields. This is very useful when you have to cite two or more \bibtype{incollection} of the same \bibtype{collection} \parencite[see][]{corrocher:2009,federspil:2009}. In this way the \bibtype{collection} is printed in the bibliography and is cross-referenced inside the \bibtype{incollection}, using the corresponding author-year label (the mechanism is the same for \bibtype{inbook} items).
%\begin{bibexamplelist}
%\item Corrocher, Roberto (2009) “Riflessioni sull’uomo di fronte a nuove sfide”, in Giaretta et al. (2009), pp. 27-42.
%\item Federspil, Giovanni and Roberto Vettor (2009), “Medicina: un unico metodo e una sola argomentazione?”, in Giaretta et al. (2009), pp. 43-74.
%\item Giaretta, Pierdaniele, Antonio Moretto, Gian Franco Gensini, and Marco Trabucchi (2009) (eds.), \emph{Filosofia delle medicina. Metodo, modelli, cura ed errori}, 2 vols., il Mulino, Bologna.
%\end{bibexamplelist}
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%@collection{Filmed:2009,
%  title = {Filosofia delle medicina},
%  booktitle = {Filosofia delle medicina},
%  subtitle = {Metodo, modelli, cura ed errori},
%  editor = {Pierdaniele Giaretta and Antonio Moretto 
%  and Gian Franco Gensini
%  and Marco Trabucchi},
%  volumes = {2},
%  publisher = {il Mulino},
%  location = {Bologna},
%  date = {2009}}
%
%@incollection{corrocher:2009,
%  author = {Roberto Corrocher},
%  title = {Riflessioni sull'uomo di fronte a nuove sfide},
%  pages = {27-42},
%  crossref = {Filmed:2009}}
%
%@incollection{federspil:2009,
%  author = {Giovanni Federspil and Roberto Vettor},
%  title = {Medicina: un unico metodo e una sola argomentazione?},
%  pages = {43-74},
%  crossref = {Filmed:2009}}
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
%When you have to cite \emph{only one} \bibtype{incollection} of a single \bibtype{collection} you have three choices:
% \smallskip
%
% \noindent 1. use the \bibfield{crossref} field  \parencite[see][]{Termini:2007}. In this case all the  \bibtype{collection} data are automatically printed inside 
% the \bibtype{incollection} entry:
%\begin{bibexamplelist}
%\item Termini, Settimo (2007), “Vita morte e miracoli di Alan Mathison Turing”, in \emph{Vite matematiche. Protagonisti del ’900 da Hilbert a Wiles}, ed. by Claudio Bartocci, Renato Betti, Angelo Guerraggio, and Roberto Lucchetti, Springer-Verlag Italia, Milano.
%\end{bibexamplelist}
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%@incollection{Termini:2007,
%  author = {Settimo Termini},
%  title = {Vita morte e miracoli di Alan Mathison Turing},
%  crossref = {Bartocci:2007}}
%
%@collection{Bartocci:2007,
%  title = {Vite matematiche}
%  booktitle = {Vite matematiche},
%  booksubtitle = {Protagonisti del '900 da Hilbert a Wiles},
%  editor = {Claudio Bartocci and Renato Betti and Angelo Guerraggio and 
%  Roberto Lucchetti},
%  publisher = {Springer-Verlag Italia},
%  location = {Milano},
%  date = {2007}}  
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
%  2.  put the \bibtype{collection} data in the fields of the \bibtype{incollection} entry \parencite[see][]{Valbusa:2007}. In this case the \bibtype{incollection} is self-contained:
% \begin{bibexamplelist}
%\item Valbusa, Ivan (2007), “Psicologia e sistema in Alsted e in Wolff”, in \emph{Christian Wolff tra psicologia empirica e psicologia razionale}, ed. by Ferdinando Luigi Marcolungo, Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim, Zürich, and London.
% \end{bibexamplelist}  
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%@incollection{Valbusa:2007,
%  author = {Ivan Valbusa},
%  title = {Psicologia e sistema in Alsted e in Wolff},
%  booktitle = {Christian Wolff tra psicologia empirica e 
%  psicologia razionale},
%  publisher = {Georg Olms Verlag},
%  editor = {Ferdinando Luigi Marcolungo},
%  location = {Hildesheim and Zürich and London},
%  date = {2007}}
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
%  3. put the \bibtype{collection} data in the fields of the \bibtype{incollection} entry and put the \bibtype{collection} label in the \bibfield{xref} field of the \bibtype{incollection} \parencite[see][]{kant:kpv:xref,kant:ku:xref}:
% \begin{bibexamplelist}
%\item Kant, Immanuel (1968a), \emph{Kants Werke. Akademie Textausgabe}, 9 vols., Walter de Gruyter, Berlin.
%\item --- (1968b), \emph{Kritik der praktischen Vernunft}, in Kant (1968a), vol. 5, pp. 1-163.
%\item --- (1968d), \emph{Kritik der Urtheilskraft}, in Kant (1968a), vol. 5, pp. 165-485.
% \end{bibexamplelist}  
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%@bookinbook{kant:kpv:xref,
%  author = {Kant, Immanuel},
%  title = {Kritik der praktischen Vernunft},
%  shorttitle = {Kritik der praktischen Vernunft},
%  volume = {5},
%  pages = {1-163},
%  date = {1968},
%  xref = {kant:werke}}
%
%@bookinbook{kant:ku:xref,
%  author = {Kant, Immanuel},
%  title = {Kritik der Urtheilskraft},
%  volume = {5},
%  pages = {165-485},
%  date = {1968},
%  xref = {kant:werke}}
%
%@mvbook{kant:werke,
%  author = {Kant, Immanuel},
%  title = {Kants Werke. Akademie Textausgabe},
%  maintitle = {Kants Werke. Akademie Textausgabe},
%  booktitle = {Kants Werke. Akademie Textausgabe},
%  volumes = {9},
%  publisher = {Walter de Gruyter},
%  location = {Berlin},
%  date = {1968}}    
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
%
%With the \sty{verbose} style, when citing \bibtype{incollection}s entries, the data of the \bibtype{collection} are printed entirely in the first citation and shortened afterwards. Anyway in the final bibliography the \bibtype{incollection} is always complete of all the informations about the corresponding \bibtype{collection}.
%
%
%\subsection{Classical works}\label{sec:classical-works}
%
%
% The treatment of the classical works and other writings with uncertain or omitted date is not particularly difficult if you use the \sty{verbose} style, but with the \sty{classic} and \sty{modern} styles some difficulties inevitably impose clear choices.
%
%If a critical edition exists you should cite it directly, such as  \textcite{heidegger:sz}. If you do not like this anachronistic label you may use the \bibfield{shorthand} field, such as \textcite{kant:kpv}. 
% Note that a ``shorthand intro'' is automatically printed when the entry is cited for the first time and omitted afterwards.  To turn off this feature load the  option \opt{shorthandintro=false}. Of course in this case you will need a list of shorthands (\cmd{printshorthands} command). If you do not like these solutions you can use the \bibfield{entrysubtype} or the  \cmd{sdcite} command in order to get an author-title citation, such as \cite{aristotle:physics} (see sections \ref{sec:newfields} and \ref{sec:commands:citations}). 
%
%\section{New fields}\label{sec:newfields}
%
%\begin{fieldlist}
%
%\fielditem{nameaddon}{literal} 
%
%An addon to be printed immediately after the author name in the bibliography. 
%It is useful for those author known with alias, Latinized names, etc. For example \textcite{comenio:oo}:
%\begin{bibexamplelist}%
%\item Komensky, Jan Amos \emphasize{[Comenio]} 
% (1969), \emph{Opera Omnia}, Praga.
%\end{bibexamplelist}
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%@mvbook{comenio:oo,
%  author = {Jan Amos Komensky},
%  nameaddon = {Comenio},
%  title = {Opera Omnia}
%  location = {Praga},
%  date = {1969}}
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
%
% \fielditem{entrysubtype}{literal\makebox[0pt][l]{\hspace*{2cm}[\sty{philosophy-classic} and \sty{philosophy-modern} only]}}
% With the \opt{classic} value the citation commands will produce an 
% author-title label. This is useful for citing works from classical antiquity, such as \cite{aristotle:physics}.
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%@book{aristotle:physics,
%  entrysubtype = {classic},
%  author       = {Aristotle},
%  title        = {Physics},
%  ...
% }
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
%In the bibliography the entry is printed with the author-year label, but with the \opt{skipbib} option in the \opt{options} field you can exclude it from the bibliography.
%
%
%\fielditem{library}{literal} 
%
%This field is printed at the end of the entry, in a new period. It is aimed for secondary informations such as the location of the texts, historical notes, etc. For example \textcite{heidegger:sz}:
%\begin{bibexamplelist}
%\item Heidegger, Martin (2001), \emph{Sein und Zeit}, 18th ed., Max Niemeyer Verlag, Tübingen. \emphasize{Originally published in 1927 on the \emph{Jahrbuch für Philosophie und phänomenologische Forschung (vol. VIII)}, directed by H. Husserl}.
%\end{bibexamplelist}
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%@book{heidegger:sz,
%  author = {Martin Heidegger},
%  title = {Sein und Zeit},
%  edition = {18},
%  publisher = {Max Niemeyer Verlag},
%  location = {Tübingen},
%  date = {2001},
%  library = {Originally published in 1927 on the \emph{Jahrbuch 
%  für Philosophie und phänomenologische Forschung (vol. VIII)}, 
%  directed by H. Husserl}}
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
%
%\fielditem{annotation/annote}{literal} 
%
%This field is printed in a new paragraph at the very end of the entry. It requires the \opt{annotation} package option. The default font can be changed  redefining the \cmd{annotationfont} command (section \ref{sec:customization}):
%\begin{bibexamplelist}
%\item Lehman, Philipp (2011), \emph{The biblatex package. Programmable Bibliographies and Citations}, version 1.7.\\[.5ex]
%{\footnotesize \emphasize{This package provides advanced bibliographic facilities 
%  for use with \LaTeX. The package is a complete 
%  reimplementation of the bibliographic facilities provided 
%  by \LaTeX. The biblatex package works with the “backend” 
%  (program) \texttt{biber}, which is used to process Bib\TeX 
%  format data files and them performs all sorting, label 
%  generation (and a great deal more).}\par}
%\end{bibexamplelist}
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%@online{lehman:biblatex,
%  author = {Philipp Lehman},
%  title = {The \texttt{biblatex} Package},
%  subtitle = {Programmable Bibliographies and Citations},
%  version = {3.7},
%  date = {2016-11-16},
%  annote = {This package provides advanced bibliographic facilities 
%  for use with \LaTeX. The package is a complete reimplementation 
%  of the bibliographic facilities provided by \LaTeX. The biblatex 
%  package works with the “backend” (program) \texttt{biber}, which 
%  is used to process Bib\TeX{} format data files and them performs
%  all sorting, label generation (and a great deal more).}}
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
%\end{fieldlist}
%
%
%\section{New citation commands}\label{sec:commands:citations}
%
%
%
%\begin{ltxsyntax}
%
%\cmditem{sdcite}{key}\hfill[\sty{philosophy-classic} and \sty{philosophy-modern} only]
%
%Uses an author-title label instead of an author-year label. 
%It is useful for some classical or undated works. Anyway you should prefer the \opt{entrysubtype=classic} field. 
% Writing \verb!\sdcite[15]{guzman:sd}! you will obtain: \sdcite{guzman:sd}.
%
%\cmditem{footcitet}{key} \hfill[\sty{philosophy-classic} and \sty{philosophy-modern} only]
%
%\begin{minipage}{.9\textwidth}
%Same as \cmd{footcite},\footcite[12-13]{corrocher:2009} but with the \cmd{textcite} style.\footcitet[12-13]{corrocher:2009}
%\end{minipage}
%
%\cmditem{ccite}{key}\hfill[\sty{philosophy-verbose} only]
%
%The same as  \cmd{cite}, but omits the author's (editor's) name (defined only for the \sty{verbose} style). Here is an example:
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%This topic is discussed in \cite{Rossi:2007} and in the recent 
%\ccite{Rossi:2008}.
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
%\begin{bibexample}
%This topic is discussed in P. Rossi, \emph{History of Types}, La TeXnica, Verona 2007 and in the recent \emph{Types of History}, Typographica, Milano 2008.
%\end{bibexample}
%\end{ltxsyntax}
%
%
%
%
%\section{New options}\label{sec:options}
%
%
%
%\subsection{Global}
%
%\begin{optionlist}
%\optitem[semicolon]{relatedformat}{\opt{semicolon}, \opt{parens}, \opt{brackets}}
%\begin{valuelist}
%\item[semicolon] 
%The ``related'' entry is preceded by a semicolon.
%      \begin{bibexample}%
%        Poincaré, Jules-Henri (1968), \emph{La science et l'hypothèse}, Paris,
%         Flammarion\emphasize{; trad. it. \emph{La scienza e l'ipotesi}, 
%         Bompiani, 2003}.
%      \end{bibexample}
%\item[parens] 
%Puts the ``related'' entry in parentheses.
%        \begin{bibexample}%
%        Poincaré, Jules-Henri (1968), \emph{La science et l'hypothèse}, Paris, 
%        Flammarion \emphasize{(trad. it. \emph{La scienza e l'ipotesi}, 
%        Bompiani, 2003)}.
%        \end{bibexample}
%\item[brackets] 
%Same as the previous option but with brackets.
%        \begin{bibexample}%
%        Poincaré, Jules-Henri (1968), \emph{La science et l'hypothèse}, Paris, 
%        Flammarion \emphasize{[trad. it. \emph{La scienza e l'ipotesi}, 
%        Bompiani, 2003]}.
%        \end{bibexample}
%\end{valuelist}
%
%
%\optitem[publocyear]{publocformat}{\opt{publocyear}, \opt{locpubyear}, \opt{loccolonpub}}
%  This option provides three styles for typesetting the ``publisher/location/date'' block. 
%  It is active also for the related entry and for the \bibfield{orig-}fields (section \ref{sec:origfields}).
%        \begin{valuelist}
%        \item[publocyear] Oxford University Press, Oxford 2007
%            
%        \item[locpubyear] Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2007
%            
%        \item[loccolonpub] Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007 
%        \end{valuelist}
%
%\optitem[plain]{volnumformat}{\opt{strings}, \opt{parens}, \opt{plain}}
%This option provides three styles for typesetting the ``volume/number'' block in  \bibtype{article} entries.
%\begin{valuelist}
%        \item[plain]
%              \ldots \emph{Journal Title}, 5, 8, \ldots 
%        \item[strings] 
%              \ldots \emph{Journal Title}, vol.~5, n.~8, \ldots
%        \item[parens]
%              \ldots \emph{Journal Title} (5, 8), \ldots 
%        \end{valuelist}
%
%\optitem[arabic]{volumeformat}{\opt{arabic}, \opt{roman}, \opt{romansc}, \opt{Roman}}
%This option provides three styles for typesetting the \bibfield{volume} field:
%        \begin{valuelist}
%        \item[arabic]
%                \ldots \emph{Book Title}, vol. 12, \ldots 
%          \item[roman] 
%                \ldots \emph{Book Title}, vol. xii, \ldots 
%          \item[romansc]
%                \ldots \emph{Book Title}, vol. \textsc{xii}, \ldots 
%          \item[Roman]
%                \ldots \emph{Book Title}, vol. XII, \ldots 
%          \end{valuelist}
%
%^^AWith the command
%^^A\begin{latexcode}
%^^A\begin{verbatim}
%^^A\DeclareFieldFormat{volume}{\bibstring{volume}~#1}
%^^A\end{verbatim}
%^^A\end{latexcode}
%^^Ayou can restore the default format for all but \bibtype{article} entries.
%
%\optitem[arabic]{editionformat}{\opt{arabic}, \opt{roman}, \opt{romansc}, \opt{Roman}, \opt{superscript}}
%This option provides three styles for typesetting the \bibfield{edition} field:
%        \begin{valuelist}
%        \item[arabic] 
%              \ldots \emph{Book Title}, 3\textsuperscript{a} ed., \ldots 
%          \item[roman] 
%              \ldots \emph{Book Title}, iii ed., \ldots 
%          \item[romansc] 
%              \ldots \emph{Book Title}, \textsc{iii} ed., \ldots 
%          \item[Roman] 
%              \ldots \emph{Book Title}, III ed., \ldots 
%          \item[superscript] [only for \sty{philosophy-verbose}]\\
%              \ldots \emph{Book Title}, Publisher, Location 2010\textsuperscript{3}. 
%          \end{valuelist}
%
%\optitem[false]{scauthors}{\opt{cite}, \opt{bib}, \opt{all}, \opt{false}}
% Prints the names (author, editor, etc.) at the beginning of the entry in small caps shape.
% If you want \emph{all} the names (translator, commentator, etc.) in small caps, 
% you have to redefine the \cmd{mkbibname*} commands (see \sty{biblatex} documentation for details).
%        \begin{valuelist}
%        \item[all] Small caps both in citations and in bibliography.
%        \item[bib] Small caps only for the bibliography.
%        \item[cite] Small caps only for the citations.
%        \item[false] No small caps.
%        \end{valuelist}
%
%\boolitem[false]{lowscauthors}
% Prints the initials of the names in lowercase small capitals.
% For example you will obtain \textsc{donald e. knuth} instead of \textsc{Donald E. Knuth}. 
%
%\boolitem[true]{shorthandintro}
%
%Prints a language-specific expression such as ``hence-forth cited as \meta{shorthand}'' to introduce shorthands on the first citation. 
%      \begin{bibexample}
%      Kant (1968a \emphasize{[henceforth cited as KpV]})
%      \end{bibexample}
%You can overwrite the default expression using the \bibfield{shorthandintro}. Note that the alternative expression must include the shorthand.
% Obviously, if you do not use an intro to the shorthands
% you will need a list of shorthands (\cmd{printshorthand} command).
%
%\boolitem[false]{inbeforejournal}
%Prints the string ``in'' before the \bibfield{journaltitle} in the  \bibtype{article} entries.
%
%\boolitem[false]{annotation}
%Shows the \bibfield{annotation} field, only in the bibliography% (see also section \ref{sec:newfields}). 
%
%\boolitem[true]{library}
%Shows the \bibfield{library} field, both in the bibliography and in the citations% (see also section \ref{sec:newfields}). 
%
%\boolitem[false]{classical}
%
% [only for Italian and Spanish documents] It requires \sty{babel} or \sty{polyglossia}.
%
% If \opt{true} it doubles the last consonant of the abbreviations such as ``p.'', ``vol.'', ``col.'' etc. when used in the plural form. For example you will have ``p.'' for ``page'' and ``pp.'' for ``pages''. This habit is very common in Italian writings even if it remains useless. 
% 
% \end{optionlist}
%
%\subsection{Style-specific}
%
%
%
%\subsubsection[For \sty{classic} and 
%  \sty{modern}]{Options for \sty{philosophy-classic} and 
%  \sty{philosophy-modern}}\label{sec:options-classic-modern}
%
%
%
% \begin{optionlist}
%\boolitem[false]{square}
%
%Uses brackets instead of parentheses in the citations and in the author-year label used in the bibliography.
%
%\boolitem[true]{nodate} Prints the \texttt{nodate} string when \bibfield{year} or \bibfield{date} is missing.
%
%\boolitem[false]{yearleft}
%
% [\sty{philosophy-modern} only]
%
%Prints the  date flushed left in the bibliography.
%
%\boolitem[true]{restoreclassic}
%
% [\sty{philosophy-modern} only]
%
%This option can be given as an optional argument of \cmd{printbibliography}:
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%\printbibliography[restoreclassic]
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
%It restores the \sty{classic} style in a document typeset using  the  \sty{modern} style. It is useful to compose a ``Web List'' like that at the end of this document (active only for    \sty{philosophy-modern}). 
%
% \end{optionlist}
%
%\subsubsection[Options for \sty{verbose}]{Options for \sty{philosophy-verbose}}\label{sec:options-verbose}
%
% \begin{optionlist}
%\boolitem[false]{latinemph}
%Prints the \emph{latinitates} ``{ivi}'' and ``{ibidem}'' in italic shape.
%
%
%\boolitem[false]{commacit}
%Adds a comma at the end of the \bibfield{shorttitle} field when this is followed by the string \emph{cit.}: 
%``Descartes, \emph{Discours de la méthode}\emphasize{,} cit.''.
%\end{optionlist}
%
%  
%
%
%\section{Customizations}\label{sec:customization}
% Here we introduce the new commands and lenghts provided by \sty{biblatex-philosophy}. The \sty{biblatex} package offers other commands, lenghts and options to modify many aspects of citations and bibliography. See the \sty{biblatex} documentation for details.
%\subsection{Fonts and punctuation}
%\begin{ltxsyntax}
%\cmditem{annotationfont}{code}\hfill default: \cmd{footnotesize}
%
%The font of the \bibfield{annotation} field. It can be redefined with:
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%\renewcommand*{\annotationfont}{\normalsize\sffamily}
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
%
%\cmditem{libraryfont}{code}\hfill default: \cmd{normalfont}
%
%The font of the \bibfield{library} field. It can be redefined with:
%
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%\renewcommand*{\libraryfont}{\sffamily}
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
%\end{ltxsyntax}
%
%\begin{ltxsyntax}
%\cmditem{volnumpunct}{code}\hfill default: \cmd{addcomma}\cmd{space}
% 
%The separator between \bibfield{volume} and \bibfield{number} in \bibtype{article} entries.
%It can be redefined with:
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%\renewcommand*{\volnumpunct}{/}
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
%Combining this with the \opt{volnumformat} and \opt{volumeformat} options 
% you can get other styles for volume and number. For example:\\
%  \begin{bibexample}
%  \ldots\ \emph{Journal Title}, 5/8, \ldots \\
%  \ldots\ \emph{Journal Title}, \textsc{V}/8, \ldots \\
%  \ldots\ \emph{Journal Title} (5/8), \ldots \\
%  \ldots\ \emph{Journal Title} (\textsc{V}/8), \ldots
%  \end{bibexample}
%\end{ltxsyntax}
%
%
%\subsection{Lengths}\label{sec:lengths}
%
%
% These lengths are (re)defined only for the \sty{modern} style. It  introduces two new lengths: 
%
%\begin{ltxsyntax}
%\lenitem{postnamesep}  
%
%The space between author (or editor) and the first entry relating to him.
%
%\lenitem{yeartitle} 
%
%The space between year and title. 
%\end{ltxsyntax}
%
%It also redefines the following \sty{biblatex} lengths:
%\begin{ltxsyntax}
%\lenitem{bibnamesep} The vertical space between two blocks of authors.
%\lenitem{bibitemsep} The vertical space between the individual entries in the bibliography.
%
%\lenitem{bibhang} The hanging indentation of the bibliography.
%
%\end{ltxsyntax}
%
%These are the default values for the lengths used by the \sty{modern} style.
% You can change them according to your specific needs.
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%\setlength{\yeartitle}{0.8em}
%\setlength{\postnamesep}{0.5ex plus 2pt minus 1pt}
%\setlength{\bibitemsep}{\postnamesep}
%\setlength{\bibnamesep}{1.5ex plus 2pt minus 1pt}
%\setlength{\bibhang}{4\parindent}
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
%  
%
%\subsection[Languages]{Using the styles with other languages}\label{sec:languages}
%
% The languages currently supported by this package  are Italian, English and Spanish. In order to use the styles with different languages, you have first of all to declare the new \opt{opcited} string introduced by \sty{biblatex-philosophy}. You can then test the styles and if the default strings provided in the localization module does not match your needs you can re-define them. 
%
%Here is a sample code for using the styles in German documents. Note that we first declare the new string \opt{opcited}, then we define it and inherit the German default strings from \file{german.lbx}. The other strings (\opt{translationas}, \opt{ibidem}, \opt{loccit}, \dots) may be re-defined if the default ones are not satisfying. For example you may prefer ``deut. \"Ubers'' to the default ``\"Ubers unter dem Titel''.
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%\NewBibliographyString{opcited}
%\DefineBibliographyStrings{german}{%
%  inherit       = {german},
%  opcited       = {op\adddotspace cit\adddot},
%  translationas = {deut\adddotspace \"Ubers\adddot},% re-defined string
%  ...other strings...
%}
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
% Another approach is to use the \cmd{DeclareLanguageMapping} command. See the documentation of the \sty{biblatex} package for details \parencite{lehman:biblatex}.
%
% \subsection{Date and page ranges}
%
% These style redefines the \cmd{bibrangedash} and \cmd{bibdatedash} commands in order to get a simple hyphen (-) instead of an en dash (--) in the page and date ranges. If you prefer the en dash use the following code:
%\begin{latexcode}
%\begin{verbatim}
%\DefineBibliographyExtras{<language>}{%
%  \protected\def\bibrangedash{%
%    \textendash\penalty\hyphenpenalty}%
%  \protected\def\bibdatedash{\bibrangedash}}%
%\end{verbatim}
%\end{latexcode}
% For a consistent result you probably have to do this for all the languages loaded by \sty{babel} or \sty{polyglossia}.
% 

%\section{Backward compatibility}
%
%Previous versions of the styles provided a different mechanism to manage entries comprising both the original publication data and the translation data. This feature is now deprecated and it is still supported only for backward compatibility. This mechanism uses some special fields and provides specific options.
%
%\subsection{Deprecated fields}\label{sec:origfields}
%
%The following fields can hold the translation or the original edition data. They are precede by the string ``trans.'' or ``orig. ed.'', respectively according to the \opt{origfields=trans} (default)  or \opt{origfields=origed} option (see below). Note that the \bibfield{origdate/transdate} field is needed in order to print these fields. Contrarily they will be ignored.

%
%\begin{fieldlist}
%
%\fielditem{origtitle}{literal}\mbox{}\\[-9ex] 
%\fielditem{transtitle}{literal}  
%
%The title of the translation/original edition.
%
%\fielditem{origpublisher}{list}\mbox{}\\[-9ex] 
%\fielditem{transpublisher}{list}  
%
%The publisher of the translation/original edition.
%
%\fielditem{origlocation}{list}\mbox{}\\[-9ex] 
%\fielditem{translocation}{list}  
%
%The location of the translation/original edition.
%
%\fielditem{origdate}{range}\mbox{}\\[-9ex] 
%\fielditem{transdate}{range} 
 
%
%The publication date of the translation/original edition.
%^^A\begin{bibexample}
%^^ARobert Bringhurst (1992), \emph{The Elements of Typographic Style}, Hartley \& Marks Publisher Inc., Vancouver, Canada; trad. it. \emphasize{\emph{Gli elementi dello stile tipografico}, Sylvestre Bonnard, Milano 2009.}
%^^A\end{bibexample}
%
%^^A \fielditem{reprinttitle}{literal (Bib\TeX only) -- Deprecated --} 
%
%\fielditem{usera}{literal}\mbox{}\\[-9ex] 
%\fielditem{origbooktitle}{literal}\mbox{}\\[-9ex]
%\fielditem{transbooktitle}{literal} 
%
%The title of the \bibtype{collection}/\bibtype{book}/\bibtype{mvbook} in which the translation/original edition  of an \bibtype{article} (\bibtype{inbook} or \bibtype{incollection}) is published. 
%
% The field is printed after the \bibfield{origtitle/transtitle}.
%^^A\vbox{
%^^A    \begin{bibexample}
%^^A     Moore, George Edward (1903), «The refutation of idealism», \emph{Mind}, N.S., 12 (mag. 1903), p. 433-453; trad. it. «La confutazione dell'idealismo», in \emphasize{\emph{Il Neoempirismo}}, a cura di Alberto Pasquinelli, UTET, Torino 1969, p. 35-61.
%^^A    \end{bibexample}}
%
%\fielditem{userb}{literal}\mbox{}\\[-9ex] 
%\fielditem{orignote}{literal}\mbox{}\\[-9ex]
%\fielditem{transnote}{literal} 
%
%This field is printed after the \bibfield{origtitle/transtitle}. It is meat for secondary informations about the translation/original edition, such as the name of editors, translators, etc.:
%^^A    \begin{bibexample}
%^^A       Mach, E. (1883), \emph{Die Mechanik in ihrer Entwickelung historisch-kritisch dargestellt}; trad. it. \emph{La meccanica nel suo sviluppo storico-critico}, \emphasize{traduzione, introduzione e note di Alfonsina D'Elia}, Bollati Boringhieri, Torino 1977.
%^^A    \end{bibexample}
%    
%\fielditem{userc}{literal}\mbox{}\\[-9ex]
%\fielditem{origpages}{literal}\mbox{}\\[-9ex]
%\fielditem{transpages}{literal}
%
%This field is printed at the end of the entry, after the  \bibfield{origdate/transdate} field. It is meant for the page range of the translation/original edition or other useful informations.
%In the first case string ``p.'' is omitted.
%\end{fieldlist}
%
%
%
%\subsection{Deprecated options}
%
%\begin{optionlist}
%\optitem[trans]{origfields}{\opt{trans}, \opt{none}, \opt{edorig}}
%\begin{valuelist}
%\item[true] Prints the \bibfield{orig-} fields.
%\item[none] Omits the \bibfield{orig-} fields.
%\item[origed] This option cites the translation data first and adds the original publication data at the end of the entry, preceded by the string ``orig.~ed'' (or ``ed.~orig.'' for Italian  documents).
%\end{valuelist}
%
%\boolitem[true]{origed}
%
%Same as the previous but can be set on a per-entry basis in the \opt{options} field.
%
%\optitem[semicolon]{origfieldsformat}{\opt{semicolon}, \opt{parens}, \opt{brackets}}
% Deprecated. Use the \opt{relatedformat} option instead.
%\begin{valuelist}
%\item[semicolon] 
%The translation/original publication data are preceded by a semicolon.
%\item[parens] 
%Puts the translation or the original publication data  in parentheses.
%\item[brackets] 
%Same as the previous option but with brackets instead of parentheses.
%\end{valuelist}
%\boolitem[false]{scauthorsbib}
%Same as \opt{scauthors=bib}
%\boolitem[false]{scauthorscite}
%Same as \opt{scauthors=cite}
%\end{optionlist}
%
%
%\defbibnote{notaesempio-english}{\small\sffamily See also \file{philosophy-examples.bib} in the
%``\texttt{texm-dist/doc/latex/biblatex-philosophy}'' directory 
%of your \TeX Live installation.}
% \defbibnote{restoreclassic}{\sffamily\small The bibliography style of the document is  \sty{philosophy-modern}, but in this list of references we use  \sty{philosophy-classic} through the \opt{restoreclassic} option. This is particularly useful for typesetting Web lists which.}
% \defbibnote{weblist}{\sffamily\small Here we have a list of Web sites typeset in the \sty{classic} style through the \opt{restoreclassic} option.}
%\defbibnote{examples}{\sffamily\small This bibliography is typeset in the \sty{modern} style. Note that the previous and the following lists of references are typeset in the \sty{classic} style throught the \opt{restoreclassic} option}
%\printbibliography[heading=bibintoc,keyword=primaria,restoreclassic,prenote=restoreclassic]
%\printbibliography[heading=subbibintoc,title=Examples,nottype=online,prenote=examples]
%
%\nocite{ctan,guit:sito}
%\printbibliography[heading=subbibintoc,title=Web List,keyword=web,type=online,restoreclassic,prenote=weblist]
%
%
% \StopEventually{\PrintChanges\PrintIndex}
%
%
% \iffalse
%<*standard-bbx>
% \fi
%
% \section{The Code}
%
% \subsection{\file{philosophy-standard.bbx}}
% \subsubsection{Initial settings}
%
% Biber is the default bibliography processor for \sty{biblatex} since version.
% The \sty{philosophy} styles could work without Biber but it is required because
% it offers many intersting functionalities. The \opt{backend=bibtex} or \opt{backend=bibtex8}
% produce an error message.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\RequireBiber[3]
%    \end{macrocode}
% The styles are base on \sty{standard} \sty{biblatex} default style.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\RequireBibliographyStyle{standard}
%    \end{macrocode}
% A command to get an error message if you use an unknown value 
% for an option. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\optionerror#1{%
  \ClassError{biblatex-philosophy}
  {\MessageBreak**** Unknown value for '#1' option}
  {\MessageBreak**** Unknown value for '#1' option}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The \sty{philosophy} styles
% redefine some localized strings in special \file{.lbx} files
% called localization modules. So we first declare and map them 
% to the associated languages.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareLanguageMapping{italian}{italian-philosophy}
\DeclareLanguageMapping{english}{english-philosophy}
\DeclareLanguageMapping{spanish}{spanish-philosophy}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \paragraph{Boolean options}
% The boolean options can have two value: true or false.
% Giving the options without the value is just like giving
% \opt{<option>=true.}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newtoggle{bbx:annotation}
\newtoggle{bbx:library}
\newtoggle{bbx:inbeforejournal}
\newtoggle{bbx:classical}
\newtoggle{bbx:lowscauthors}
\newtoggle{cbx:shorthandintro}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{annotation}[true]{%
  \settoggle{bbx:annotation}{#1}}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{library}[true]{%
  \settoggle{bbx:library}{#1}}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{inbeforejournal}[true]{%
  \settoggle{bbx:inbeforejournal}{#1}}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{classical}[true]{%
  \settoggle{bbx:classical}{#1}}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{lowscauthors}[true]{%
  \settoggle{bbx:lowscauthors}{#1}}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{shorthandintro}[true]{%
  \settoggle{cbx:shorthandintro}{#1}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \paragraph{Multi-value options}	
% Also the multi-value options have a default value, which is declare
% in the optional argumento of the commands below, between brackets. 
% For example, the new \opt{scauthors} option is now multi-value and defaults to \opt{all}. 
% So \opt{scauthors=all} is the same of \opt{scauthors}. In this way this option
% works exactly like the old \opt{scauthors} boolean option that has been erased.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand{\bbx@publocformat}{}
\newcommand{\bbx@volnumformat}{}
\newcommand{\bbx@relatedformat}{}
\newcommand{\bbx@editionformat}{}
\newcommand{\bbx@volumeformat}{}
\newcommand{\bbx@scauthors}{}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{publocformat}[publocyear]{%
  \renewcommand{\bbx@publocformat}{#1}}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{volnumformat}[plain]{%
  \renewcommand{\bbx@volnumformat}{#1}}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{origfieldsformat}[semicolon]{%
  \renewcommand{\bbx@relatedformat}{#1}}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{relatedformat}[semicolon]{%
  \renewcommand{\bbx@relatedformat}{#1}}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{origfields}[true]{%
  \renewcommand{\bbx@origfields}{#1}}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{editionformat}[arabic]{%
  \renewcommand{\bbx@editionformat}{#1}}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{volumeformat}[arabic]{%
  \renewcommand{\bbx@volumeformat}{#1}}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{scauthors}[all]{%
  \renewcommand{\bbx@scauthors}{#1}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% These options are defined for backwards compatibility. The \opt{origed} is now useless and it is substituted by the `related' mechanism. The \opt{scauthorscite} and \opt{scauthorsbib} are substituted by \opt{scauthors=cite} and \opt{scauthors=bib}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand{\bbx@origfields}{}
\DeclareEntryOption{origed}[true]{%
  \renewcommand{\bbx@origfields}{origed}}
\newtoggle{cbx:scauthorscite}
\newtoggle{bbx:scauthorsbib}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{scauthorsbib}[true]{%
  \settoggle{bbx:scauthorsbib}{#1}}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{scauthorscite}[true]{%
  \settoggle{cbx:scauthorscite}{#1}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Execute default options. Some options do not need to be executed.
% At the moment I do no why.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ExecuteBibliographyOptions{%
%  lowscauthors     = false, 
%  annotation       = false, 
%  scauthorsbib     = false,
%  scauthorscite    = false,
%  inbeforejournal  = false,
%  classical        = false,
  publocformat     = publocyear,  
  origfieldsformat = semicolon,
  volnumformat     = plain,
  editionformat    = arabic,
  volumeformat     = arabic,
  shorthandintro   = true,
  library          = true,
  useprefix        = true,
  maxcitenames     = 2,
  mincitenames     = 1,
  maxbibnames      = 999,
  minbibnames      = 999}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Changing the penalty of the urls will prevent 
% many overfull boxes. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\setcounter{biburlnumpenalty}{9000}
\setcounter{biburlucpenalty}{9000}
\setcounter{biburllcpenalty}{9000}
%    \end{macrocode}
% These counters control the list of names
% of cross-referenced entries:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcounter{maxnamesincross}
\newcounter{minnamesincross}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The \opt{scauthors} and \opt{lowscauthors} options need to be executed
% at the beginning of the document. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\AtBeginDocument{%
\ifdefstring{\bbx@scauthors}{all}
{%
  \toggletrue{bbx:scauthorsbib}%
  \toggletrue{cbx:scauthorscite}%
}%
{}%
\ifdefstring{\bbx@scauthors}{bib}
{%
  \toggletrue{bbx:scauthorsbib}%
}%
{}%
\ifdefstring{\bbx@scauthors}{cite}
{%
  \toggletrue{cbx:scauthorscite}%
}%
{}%
\iftoggle{bbx:lowscauthors}%
  {\newrobustcmd*{\mkbibsc}[1]{\textsc{\MakeLowercase{#1}}}}%
  {\newrobustcmd*{\mkbibsc}[1]{\textsc{#1}}}%
%\iftoggle{bbx:scauthors}{%
%  \toggletrue{bbx:scauthorsbib}%
%  \toggletrue{cbx:scauthorscite}}%
%{}
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% With the \opt{scauthors=cite} option all the citations are printed in small caps.
% Anyway we do not like small caps inside the bibliography so we deactivate this option at the beginning of the bibliography.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\AtBeginBibliography{\togglefalse{cbx:scauthorscite}}%
%  \renewcommand*{\mkbibnamefamily}[1]{\iftoggle{bbx:scauthorsbib}{\mkbibsc{#1}}{#1}}%
%  \renewcommand*{\mkbibnamegiven}[1]{\iftoggle{bbx:scauthorsbib}{\mkbibsc{#1}}{#1}}%
%  \renewcommand*{\mkbibnameprefix}[1]{\iftoggle{bbx:scauthorsbib}{\mkbibsc{#1}}{#1}}%
%  \renewcommand*{\mkbibnamesuffix}[1]{\iftoggle{bbx:scauthorsbib}{\mkbibsc{#1}}{#1}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{New commands}
%
% We redefine some internal commands. The new \cmd{volnumpunct} command is provided 
% to separate volume and number in \bibtype{article} entries. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\renewcommand*{\newunitpunct}{\addcomma\space}
\renewcommand*{\subtitlepunct}{\addperiod\space}
\renewcommand*{\intitlepunct}{\nopunct\addspace}
\renewcommand*{\relatedpunct}{\addsemicolon\space}
\newcommand*{\volnumpunct}{\addcomma\space}
%    \end{macrocode}
% We define a new internal command
% in order to get pure parenthese for some specific fields
% when using the \opt{square} option:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newrobustcmd*{\mkpureparens}[1]{%
  \begingroup
    \blx@blxinit
    \blx@setsfcodes
    \blx@postpunct(#1\blx@postpunct)\midsentence%
  \endgroup}
\newrobustcmd*{\mkpurebrackets}[1]{%
  \begingroup
    \blx@blxinit
    \blx@setsfcodes
    \blx@postpunct[#1\blx@postpunct]\midsentence%
  \endgroup}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The font of the \bibfield{annotation}, \bibfield{library} and \bibfield{edition} fields.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newcommand*{\annotationfont}{\footnotesize}
\newcommand*{\libraryfont}{}
\newcommand*{\editionfont}{%
  \ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{Roman}
    {\uppercase}%
    {\ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{romansc}
    {\scshape}%
    {\relax}}}%
\newrobustcmd*{\edfnt}[1]{%
  \begingroup
  \expandafter\editionfont%
  \expandafter{\romannumeral#1}%
  \endgroup}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsubsection{Names format}
%
% The font switching is declared inside \texttt{sortname} 
% because the \opt{scauthors=bib} option has to be active only for the
% names at the beginning of the entry.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareNameFormat{sortname}{%
  \iftoggle{bbx:scauthorsbib}{%
    \let\mkbibnamefamily\mkbibsc%
    \let\mkbibnamegiven\mkbibsc%
    \let\mkbibnameprefix\mkbibsc%
    \let\mkbibnamesuffix\mkbibsc}{}%
  \nameparts{#1}%
  \ifnumequal{\value{listcount}}{1}
  {\ifgiveninits
    {\usebibmacro{name:family-given}
      {\namepartfamily}
      {\namepartgiveni}
      {\namepartprefix}
      {\namepartsuffix}}
    {\usebibmacro{name:family-given}
      {\namepartfamily}
      {\namepartgiven}
      {\namepartprefix}
      {\namepartsuffix}}%
    \ifboolexpe{%
      test {\ifdefvoid\namepartgiven}
      and
      test {\ifdefvoid\namepartprefix}}
    {}
    {\usebibmacro{name:revsdelim}}}
  {\ifgiveninits
    {\usebibmacro{name:given-family}
      {\namepartfamily}
      {\namepartgiveni}
      {\namepartprefix}
      {\namepartsuffix}}
    {\usebibmacro{name:given-family}
      {\namepartfamily}
      {\namepartgiven}
      {\namepartprefix}
      {\namepartsuffix}}}%
  \usebibmacro{name:andothers}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Fields format}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareFieldFormat[bookinbook,thesis]{title}{\mkbibemph{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[review]{title}{\bibcplstring{reviewof}\addspace#1}
\DeclareFieldFormat[review]{citetitle}{\bibcplstring{reviewof}\addspace#1}
\DeclareFieldFormat[inreference,article]{title}{\mkbibquote{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[bookinbook,thesis]{citetitle}{\mkbibemph{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{origtitle}{\mkbibemph{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[article]{origtitle}{\mkbibquote{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{usera}{\mkbibemph{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[bookinbook,inbook]{usera}{\mkbibemph{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[incollection]{usera}{\mkbibquote{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{userc}{\mkpageprefix[bookpagination]{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{url}{\url{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{annotation}{\annotationfont #1}
\DeclareFieldFormat{library}{\libraryfont #1}
\DeclareFieldFormat{pureparens}{\mkpureparens{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{editortype}{\mkpureparens{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{backrefparens}{\mkpureparens{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat*{number}{%
  \ifdefstring{\bbx@volnumformat}{strings}{%
    \bibstring{number}~#1}{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat*{series}{%
  \ifinteger{#1}
    {\mkbibordseries{#1}~\bibstring{jourser}}
    {\ifbibstring{#1}{\bibstring{#1}}{#1}}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{edition}{%
  \ifinteger{#1}{%
    \ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{arabic}
      {\mkbibordedition{#1}~\bibstring{edition}}
      {\ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{Roman}%
        {\RN{#1}~\bibstring{edition}}%
        {\ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{romansc}%
          {\textsc{\Rn{#1}}~\bibstring{edition}}%
          {\ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{roman}%
            {\Rn{#1}~\bibstring{edition}}
            {\ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{superscript}%
            {\ClassError{biblatex-philosophy}
    {\MessageBreak**** Option 'editionformat=superscript' 
    available only for philosophy-verbose style}
    {\MessageBreak**** Option 'editionformat=superscript' 
    available only for philosophy-verbose style}}{}}}}}}{#1}}%\isdot??
\DeclareFieldFormat{volume}{%
  \bibstring{volume}~%
    \ifinteger{#1}{%
      \ifdefstring{\bbx@volumeformat}{arabic}%
      {#1}%
      {\ifdefstring{\bbx@volumeformat}{Roman}%
        {\RN{#1}}%
        {\ifdefstring{\bbx@volumeformat}{romansc}%
          {\textsc{\Rn{#1}}}%
          {\ifdefstring{\bbx@volumeformat}{roman}%
            {\Rn{#1}}%
            {\optionerror{volumeformat}}}}}}{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[article]{volume}{%
  \ifdefstring{\bbx@volnumformat}{strings}
    {\bibstring{volume}~}%
    {}%
      \ifinteger{#1}{%
        \ifdefstring{\bbx@volumeformat}{arabic}%
         {#1}%
         {\ifdefstring{\bbx@volumeformat}{Roman}%
           {\RN{#1}}%
           {\ifdefstring{\bbx@volumeformat}{romansc}%
             {\textsc{\Rn{#1}}}%
             {\ifdefstring{\bbx@volumeformat}{roman}%
               {\Rn{#1}}x%
               {\optionerror{volumeformat}}}}}}{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{related}{%
  \ifdefstring{\bbx@relatedformat}{parens}%
    {\mkpureparens{#1}}%
    {\ifdefstring{\bbx@relatedformat}{brackets}%
      {\mkpurebrackets{#1}}%
      {\ifdefstring{\bbx@relatedformat}{semicolon}%
        {#1}%
        {\optionerror{relatedformat}}}}}%
\DeclareFieldAlias{related:origpubin}{related}
\DeclareFieldAlias{related:origpubas}{related}
\DeclareFieldFormat{relatedstring:default}{#1\addspace}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{New macros}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\renewbibmacro*{citeindex}{%
  \ifciteindex{\indexnames{labelname}}{}}%
\renewbibmacro*{bibindex}{%
  \ifbibindex{\indexnames{author}%
    \indexnames{editor}%
    \indexnames{editora}%
    \indexnames{editorb}%
    \indexnames{editorc}}%
  {}}%
  
\renewbibmacro*{addendum+pubstate}{%
  \printfield{addendum}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{pubstate}%
  \ifdefstring{\bbx@origfields}{none}{}{%
   \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{origdata:book}}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{library}}

\newbibmacro*{addendum+pubstate:article-inbook-incoll}{%
  \printfield{addendum}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{pubstate}%
  \ifdefstring{\bbx@origfields}{none}{}{%
   \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{origdata:article-inbook}}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{library}}

\newbibmacro*{volnumdefault}{%
\printfield{volume}%
  \setunit*{\volnumpunct}%
  \printfield{number}}

\newbibmacro*{volnumparens}{%
\nopunct%
\printtext[pureparens]{%
\printfield{volume}%
  \setunit*{\volnumpunct}%
  \printfield{number}}}

\newbibmacro*{volnumstrings}{%
  \iffieldundef{volume}{}{%
    \printfield{volume}\setunit*{\volnumpunct}}%
 \iffieldundef{number}{}{%
   \printfield{number}}}

\renewbibmacro*{journal}{%
  \iffieldundef{journaltitle}
    {}
    {\printtext[journaltitle]{%
       \printfield[titlecase]{journaltitle}%
       \midsentence%
       \setunit{\subtitlepunct}%
       \printfield[titlecase]{journalsubtitle}}}}

\renewbibmacro*{periodical}{%
  \iffieldundef{title}
    {}%
    {\printtext[title]{%
       \printfield[titlecase]{title}%
       \midsentence%
       \setunit{\subtitlepunct}%
       \printfield[titlecase]{subtitle}}}}

\renewbibmacro*{journal+issuetitle}{%
  \usebibmacro{journal}%
  \setunit*{\addspace}%
  \iffieldundef{series}
    {}%
    {\newunit%
     \printfield{series}\setunit{\addspace}\midsentence}%
     \newunit%
  \usebibmacro{volume+number+eid}%
  \setunit{\addspace}%
  \usebibmacro{issue+date}%
  \setunit{\addcolon\space}%
  \usebibmacro{issue}%
  \newunit}

\renewbibmacro*{title+issuetitle}{%
  \usebibmacro{periodical}%
  \setunit*{\addspace}%
  \iffieldundef{series}
    {}%
    {\newunit
     \printfield{series}%
     \setunit{\addspace}\midsentence}%
  \newunit
  \usebibmacro{volume+number+eid}%
  \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
  \printfield{eid}%
  \setunit{\addspace}%
  \usebibmacro{issue+date}%
  \setunit{\addcolon\space}%
  \usebibmacro{issue}%
  \newunit}

\renewbibmacro*{volume+number+eid}{%
     \ifdefstring{\bbx@volnumformat}{strings}
      {\usebibmacro{volnumstrings}}%
      {\ifdefstring{\bbx@volnumformat}{parens}
      {\usebibmacro{volnumparens}}%
      {\ifdefstring{\bbx@volnumformat}{plain}
      {\usebibmacro{volnumdefault}}%
      {\optionerror{volnumformat}}}}%
  \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
  \printfield{eid}}
  
\renewbibmacro*{issue+date}{%
  \printtext[pureparens]{%
    \iffieldundef{issue}
      {\usebibmacro{date}}
      {\printfield{issue}%
       \setunit*{\addspace}%
       \usebibmacro{date}}}%
  \newunit}

\renewbibmacro*{event+venue+date}{%
  \printfield{eventtitle}%
  \ifboolexpr{%
    test {\iffieldundef{venue}}
    and
    test {\iffieldundef{eventyear}}
  }%
    {}
    {\setunit*{\addspace}%
     \printtext{%
       \printfield{venue}%
       \setunit*{\addcomma\space}%
       \printeventdate}}%
  \newunit}
 
\renewbibmacro*{series+number}{%
  \printfield{series}%
 \setunit*{\addcomma\space}%
  \printfield{number}%
  \newunit}

\renewbibmacro*{publisher+location+date}{%
\ifdefstring{\bbx@publocformat}{loccolonpub}
  {\usebibmacro{loccolonpub}}
    {\ifdefstring{\bbx@publocformat}{locpubyear}
    {\usebibmacro{locpubyear}}
      {\ifdefstring{\bbx@publocformat}{publocyear}%
      {\usebibmacro{publocyear}}{\optionerror{publocformat}}}}}

\renewbibmacro*{institution+location+date}{%
\ifdefstring{\bbx@publocformat}{loccolonpub}
  {\usebibmacro{inloccolonpub}}
    {\ifdefstring{\bbx@publocformat}{locpubyear}
    {\usebibmacro{inlocpubyear}}
      {\ifdefstring{\bbx@publocformat}{publocyear}%
      {\usebibmacro{inpublocyear}}{\optionerror{publocformat}}}}}

\renewbibmacro*{organization+location+date}{%
\ifdefstring{\bbx@publocformat}{loccolonpub}
  {\usebibmacro{orgloccolonpub}}
    {\ifdefstring{\bbx@publocformat}{locpubyear}
    {\usebibmacro{orglocpubyear}}
      {\ifdefstring{\bbx@publocformat}{publocyear}%
      {\usebibmacro{orgpublocyear}}{\optionerror{publocformat}}}}}

\newbibmacro*{library}{%
\iftoggle{bbx:library}{%
  \iffieldundef{library}%
  {}%
    {\setunit{\addperiod\space}%
      {\printfield{library}}}}%
    {}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% In this macro the \cmd{nopunct} command is needed
% to avoid the dot after the parentheses.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\renewbibmacro*{pageref}{%
  \iflistundef{pageref}
    {}%
    {\setunit{\addperiod\space}%
    \printtext[backrefparens]{%
       \ifnumgreater{\value{pageref}}{1}
         {\bibcpstring{backrefpages}\ppspace}%
 {\bibcpstring{backrefpage}\ppspace}%
       \printlist[pageref][-\value{listtotal}]{pageref}\adddot}\nopunct}}%

\renewbibmacro*{finentry}{%
  \iftoggle{bbx:annotation}%
    {\iffieldundef{annotation}%
      {\finentry}%
      {\setunit{\addperiod\par\nobreak\vspace*{.5ex}}%
      \printtext[annotation]{\printfield{annotation}\finentry\par}}}%
 {\finentry}}

\newbibmacro*{publocyear}{%
  \iflistundef{publisher}%
   {}%
{\printlist{publisher}}
  \setunit*{\addcomma\space}%
  \printlist{location}%
  \usebibmacro{relateddate}%
\newunit}

\newbibmacro*{inpublocyear}{%
  \iflistundef{institution}%
   {}%
{\printlist{institution}}
  \setunit*{\addcomma\space}%
  \printlist{location}%
  \usebibmacro{relateddate}%
\newunit}

\newbibmacro*{orgpublocyear}{%
  \iflistundef{organization}%
   {}%
{\printlist{organization}}
  \setunit*{\addcomma\space}%
  \printlist{location}%
  \usebibmacro{relateddate}%
\newunit}

\newbibmacro*{loccolonpub}{%
  \printlist{location}%
  \iflistundef{publisher}%
   {\setunit*{\addspace}}
     {\setunit*{\addcolon\space}}%
  \printlist{publisher}%
  \usebibmacro{commarelateddate}%
\newunit}

\newbibmacro*{inloccolonpub}{%
  \printlist{location}%
  \iflistundef{institution}
    {\setunit*{\addspace}}
    {\setunit*{\addcolon\space}}%
  \printlist{institution}%
  \usebibmacro{commarelateddate}%
  \newunit}
  
\newbibmacro*{orgloccolonpub}{%
  \printlist{location}%
  \iflistundef{organization}
    {\setunit*{\addspace}}
    {\setunit*{\addcolon\space}}%
  \printlist{organization}%
  \usebibmacro{commarelateddate}%
  \newunit}
  
\newbibmacro*{locpubyear}{%
  \printlist{location}%
  \iflistundef{publisher}%
   {\setunit*{\addspace}}
     {\setunit*{\addcomma\space}}%
  \printlist{publisher}%
  \usebibmacro{commarelateddate}%
\newunit}

\newbibmacro*{inlocpubyear}{%
  \printlist{location}%
  \iflistundef{institution}
    {\setunit*{\addspace}}
    {\setunit*{\addcomma\space}}%
  \printlist{institution}%
  \usebibmacro{commarelateddate}%
  \newunit}
  
\newbibmacro*{orglocpubyear}{%
  \printlist{location}%
  \iflistundef{organization}
    {\setunit*{\addspace}}
    {\setunit*{\addcomma\space}}%
  \printlist{organization}%
  \usebibmacro{commarelateddate}%
  \newunit}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Related entries}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newbibmacro*{relateddate}{%
  \setunit*{\addspace}%
  \printdate}
\newbibmacro*{commarelateddate}{%
  \setunit*{\addcomma\space}%
  \printdate}
%    \end{macrocode}
% A trick to delete the author/editor list for related
% entries and \cmd{ccite} command:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newbibmacro*{related:clearauthors}{%
  \renewbibmacro*{author/translator+others}{\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}}%
  \renewbibmacro*{author/editor+others/translator+others}{%
    \usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}}%
  \renewbibmacro*{editor+others}{\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}}%
  \renewbibmacro*{author/translator+others}{\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}}%
  \renewbibmacro*{author/editor}{\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}}%
  \renewbibmacro*{author}{\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}}%
  \renewbibmacro*{editor}{\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}}%
  \renewcommand*{\labelnamepunct}{}}%
\DeclareCiteCommand{\relatedcite}
  {}%
  {\usedriver
     {\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{default}%
  \usebibmacro{related:clearauthors}%
  \renewbibmacro*{relateddate}{%
    \setunit*{\addspace}\printdate}%
  \renewbibmacro*{commarelateddate}{%
    \setunit*{\addcomma\space}\printdate}}%
     {\thefield{entrytype}}}%
  {}%
  {}%
\renewbibmacro*{related:default}[1]{%
%  \togglefalse{cbx:scauthorscite}%
    \togglefalse{bbx:annotation}%
  \ifboolexpr{
      test {\iffieldundef{relatedtype}}
      and
      test {\iffieldundef{relatedstring}}
  }
  {\printtext{\bibstring{translationas}}}{}%
    \printtext{\addspace}%
    \relatedcite{\thefield{related}}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% We redefine the \texttt{begrelatedloop} macro to avoid nested parentheses in cascading related entries:
%    \begin{macrocode}               
\renewbibmacro*{begrelatedloop}{%
  \renewrobustcmd*{\mkpureparens}{\relatedpunct}%
  \renewrobustcmd*{\mkpurebrackets}{\relatedpunct}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% This macro tests the value of the \opt{relatedformat} option. If it sets to \opt{semicolon} the macro adds \cmd{relatedpunct} (i.e. a semicolon plus a space). Otherwise it adds a simple space.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newbibmacro*{phil:related}{%
  \iftoggle{bbx:related}
    {\iffieldequalstr{relatedtype}{multivolume}%
      {\setunit{\addperiod}}%
      {\ifdefstring{\bbx@relatedformat}{semicolon}%
        {\setunit{\relatedpunct}}%
        {\setunit{\addspace}}}%
    \usebibmacro{related:init}%
    \usebibmacro{related}}{}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \paragraph{Backward compatibility}
% The \opt{orig*} macros are deprecated. The same feature is now 
% supported using the \opt{related} field. 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newbibmacro*{origpublisher+origlocation+origdate}{%
  \ifdefstring{\bbx@publocformat}{loccolonpub}
    {\usebibmacro{origloccolonpub}\setunit{\bibpagespunct}%
    \printfield{userc}}{\ifdefstring{\bbx@publocformat}{locpubyear}
    {\usebibmacro{origlocpubyear}\setunit{\bibpagespunct}%
    \printfield{userc}}
    {\usebibmacro{origpublocyear}\setunit{\bibpagespunct}%
    \printfield{userc}}}}

\newbibmacro*{origpublocyear}{%
  \iflistundef{origpublisher}%
  {\printlist{origlocation}%
    \setunit*{\addspace}%
    \printorigdate}%
  {\printlist{origpublisher}%
    \setunit*{\addcomma\space}%
    \printlist{origlocation}%
    \setunit*{\addspace}%
    \printorigdate}%
  \newunit}

\newbibmacro*{origloccolonpub}{%
  \iflistundef{origlocation}{}%
  {\printlist{origlocation}}%
  \iflistundef{origpublisher}%
  {\setunit*{\addspace}%
    \printorigdate}%
  {\setunit*{\addcolon\space}%
    \printlist{origpublisher}%
    \setunit*{\addcomma\space}%
    \printorigdate}%
  \newunit}

\newbibmacro*{origlocpubyear}{%
  \iflistundef{origlocation}{}%
  {\printlist{origlocation}}%
  \iflistundef{origpublisher}%
  {\setunit*{\addspace}%
    \printorigdate}%
  {\setunit*{\addcomma\space}%
    \printlist{origpublisher}%
    \setunit*{\addcomma\space}%
    \printorigdate}%
  \newunit}

\newbibmacro*{reprinttitle}{%
  \iffieldundef{reprinttitle}{}{%
    \iffieldsequal{reprinttitle}{title}{}{%
      \printfield[title]{reprinttitle}%
      \setunit{\addcomma\space}}}%
  \iffieldundef{userb}{}{%
    \printfield{userb}}}%

\newbibmacro*{transorigstring}{%
  \iffieldundef{reprinttitle}%
  {\printtext{\ifdefstring{\bbx@origfields}{origed}
      {\bibstring{origpubas}}%
      {\bibstring{translationas}}}\nopunct}%
  {\printtext{\bibstring{reprint}}}\nopunct}

\newbibmacro*{origtitle:book}{%
  \iffieldundef{origtitle}{}{
    \printfield[origtitle]{origtitle}%
    \setunit{\addcomma\space}}
  \iffieldundef{userb}{}{%
    \printfield{userb}}}%

\newbibmacro*{origtitledata:book}{%
  \usebibmacro{transorigstring}%
  \iffieldundef{reprinttitle}%
  {\usebibmacro{origtitle:book}}%
  {\usebibmacro{reprinttitle}}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{origpublisher+origlocation+origdate}}

\newbibmacro*{origdata:book}{%
  \ifboolexpr{%
    test {\iffieldundef{origtitle}}
    and
    test {\iffieldundef{origlocation}}
    and
    test {\iffieldundef{origpublisher}}
    and
    test {\iffieldundef{origyear}}
  }%
  {}%
  {\ifdefstring{\bbx@relatedformat}{parens}
    {\nopunct\printtext[pureparens]{\usebibmacro{origtitledata:book}}}
    {\ifdefstring{\bbx@relatedformat}{brackets}
      {\nopunct\printtext[brackets]{\usebibmacro{origtitledata:book}}}
      {\setunit{\addsemicolon\space}%
        \printtext{\usebibmacro{origtitledata:book}}}}}}

\newbibmacro*{origtitle:article-inbook-incoll}{%
  \iffieldundef{origtitle}{}{%
    \printfield[origtitle]{origtitle}%
    \setunit{\addcomma\space}}%
  \iffieldundef{usera}{}{%
    \usebibmacro{in:}%
    \printfield{usera}%
    \setunit{\addcomma\space}}%
  \iffieldundef{userb}{}{%
    \printfield{userb}%
    \newunit}}

\newbibmacro*{origtitledata:article-inbook-incoll}{%
  \usebibmacro{transorigstring}%
  \setunit{\addspace}%
  \usebibmacro{origtitle:article-inbook-incoll}%
  \usebibmacro{origpublisher+origlocation+origdate}}

\newbibmacro*{origdata:article-inbook}{%
  \iflistundef{origlocation}{}{%
    \ifdefstring{\bbx@relatedformat}{parens}
    {\nopunct\printtext[pureparens]{%
        \usebibmacro{origtitledata:article-inbook-incoll}}}%
    {\ifdefstring{\bbx@relatedformat}{brackets}
      {\nopunct\printtext[brackets]{%
          \usebibmacro{origtitledata:article-inbook-incoll}}}%
      {\setunit{\addsemicolon\space}%
        \printtext{%
          \usebibmacro{origtitledata:article-inbook-incoll}}}}}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Bibliography drivers}
%    \begin{macrocode}
 \DeclareBibliographyDriver{article}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author/translator+others}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{bytranslator+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{version}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:inbeforejournal}{\usebibmacro{in:}}{}%
  \usebibmacro{journal+issuetitle}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{note+pages}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{issn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate:article-inbook-incoll}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock  
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}
  
\DeclareBibliographyDriver{book}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author/editor+others/translator+others}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{maintitle+title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{edition}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{volumes}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit
  \iffieldundef{maintitle}
    {\printfield{volume}%
     \printfield{part}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{pagetotal}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}
  
\DeclareBibliographyDriver{booklet}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author/editor+others/translator+others}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{howpublished}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{type}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{location+date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{pagetotal}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{collection}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{editor+others}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{maintitle+title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{edition}%
  \newunit
  \iffieldundef{maintitle}
    {\printfield{volume}%
     \printfield{part}}
    {}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{volumes}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{pagetotal}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%  
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{inbook}{%
%\togglefalse{cbx:scauthorscite}%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author/translator+others}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{in:}%
  \iffieldundef{xref}%
   {\iffieldundef{crossref}{\usebibmacro{inbook:full}}%
   {\bbx@crossref@inbook{\thefield{crossref}}%
   \newunit\newblock
   \usebibmacro{crossrefdata}}}%
   {\bbx@crossref@inbook{\thefield{xref}}%
   \newunit\newblock
   \usebibmacro{xrefdata}}}%

\newbibmacro*{inbook:full}{%
  \usebibmacro{bybookauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{maintitle+booktitle}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{edition}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{volumes}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit
  \iffieldundef{maintitle}
    {\printfield{volume}%
     \printfield{part}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate:article-inbook-incoll}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{incollection}{%
%\togglefalse{cbx:scauthorscite}%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author/translator+others}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{in:}%
  \iffieldundef{xref}%
   {\iffieldundef{crossref}{\usebibmacro{incollection:full}}%
   {\bbx@crossref@incollection{\thefield{crossref}}%
   \newunit\newblock
   \usebibmacro{crossrefdata}}}%
   {\bbx@crossref@incollection{\thefield{xref}}%
   \newunit\newblock
   \usebibmacro{xrefdata}}}

\newbibmacro*{incollection:full}{%
  \usebibmacro{maintitle+booktitle}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{edition}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{volumes}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit
  \iffieldundef{maintitle}
    {\printfield{volume}%
     \printfield{part}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate:article-inbook-incoll}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{inproceedings}{%
%\togglefalse{cbx:scauthorscite}%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author/translator+others}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{in:}%
  \iffieldundef{xref}%
   {\iffieldundef{crossref}{\usebibmacro{inproceedings:full}}%
   {\bbx@crossref@incollection{\thefield{crossref}}%
   \newunit\newblock
   \usebibmacro{crossrefdata}}}%
   {\bbx@crossref@incollection{\thefield{xref}}%
   \newunit\newblock
   \usebibmacro{xrefdata}}}

\newbibmacro*{inproceedings:full}{%
  \usebibmacro{maintitle+booktitle}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{event+venue+date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{volumes}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printlist{organization}%
  \newunit
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit
  \iffieldundef{maintitle}
    {\printfield{volume}%
     \printfield{part}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate:article-inbook-incoll}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{manual}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author/editor}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{edition}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{type}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{version}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printlist{organization}%
  \newunit
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{pagetotal}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{misc}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author/editor+others/translator+others}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{howpublished}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{type}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{version}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{organization+location+date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{online}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author/editor+others/translator+others}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{version}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printlist{organization}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:eprint}
    {\usebibmacro{eprint}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{url+urldate}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{patent}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{type}%
  \setunit*{\addspace}%
  \printfield{number}%
  \iflistundef{location}
    {}
    {\setunit*{\addspace}%
     \printtext[parens]{%
       \printlist[][-\value{listtotal}]{location}}}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byholder}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{periodical}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{editor}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title+issuetitle}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{issn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{proceedings}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{editor+others}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{maintitle+title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{event+venue+date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iffieldundef{maintitle}
    {\printfield{volume}%
     \printfield{part}}
    {}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{volumes}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printlist{organization}%
  \newunit
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{pagetotal}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{report}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{type}%
  \setunit*{\addspace}%
  \printfield{number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{version}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{institution+location+date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{pagetotal}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isrn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{thesis}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{type}%
  \newunit
  \usebibmacro{institution+location+date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{pagetotal}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{unpublished}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{howpublished}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{location+date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:url}
    {\usebibmacro{url+urldate}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}
  
\DeclareBibliographyDriver{set}{%
  \savefield{annotation}{\@phil@nnote}%
  \clearfield{annotation}%
  \entryset{}{}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \restorefield{annotation}{\@phil@nnote}%
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

% reset order name/surname in the inbook:full entries
\renewbibmacro*{bybookauthor}{%
  \ifnamesequal{author}{bookauthor}%
    {}%
    {\printnames[default]{bookauthor}}}
  
\newbibmacro*{cross:maintitle+booktitle}{%
     \iffieldundef{volume}
       {}%
       {\printfield{volume}%
        \printfield{part}%
        \setunit{\addcolon\space}%
          \printfield{booktitle}}}%

\newbibmacro*{xrefdata}{%
  \usebibmacro{cross:maintitle+booktitle}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{edition}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{volumes}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate:article-inbook-incoll}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\newbibmacro*{crossrefdata}{%
  \iffieldundef{maintitle}
    {\printfield{volume}%
     \printfield{part}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \paragraph{Experimental drivers for jurisprudence}
% This feature is available for now only for Italian documents.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%\DeclareFieldFormat[jurisprudence]{title}{#1}
%\DeclareFieldFormat[jurisprudence]{pages}{#1}
%\ExecuteBibliographyOptions[jurisprudence]{skipbib=true}%
\DeclareFieldFormat[jurisdiction]{volume}{\RN{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[jurisdiction]{number}{\bibsstring{number}~{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[jurisdiction]{nameaddon}{%
  \ifinteger{#1}{\bibcpsstring{section}~\RN{#1}}{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[jurisdiction]{pages}{%
  \iffieldundef{bookpagination}{#1}{\mkpageprefix[bookpagination]{#1}}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[jurisdiction]{title}{%
 \iffieldequalstr{entrysubtype}{international}{\emph{#1}}{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[jurisdiction]{notacomm}{nt\adddotspace#1}%    \end{macrocode}
% A new macro to manage authors of \bibtype{jurisdiction} entries.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newbibmacro*{juris:author}{%
%    \end{macrocode}
% Use the default name format: ``name surname''
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{default}%
  \ifboolexpr{%
    test \ifuseauthor
    and
    not test {\ifnameundef{author}}
  }%
    {%
    \iffieldequalstr{type}{conclusions}{%
    \printtext{Conclusioni dell'Avv\adddotspace generale}%
    \setunit{\addspace}}{}%
\printnames{author}%
     \iffieldundef{authortype}
       {}
       {\setunit{\addcomma\space}%
  \usebibmacro{authorstrg}}}
    {}%
\iffieldequalstr{type}{conclusions}{%
    \setunit{\addspace}%
  \printtext{presentate il}%
    \setunit{\addspace}%
  }{%
    \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
  \iffieldundef{nameaddon}{}{%
\printtext{\printfield{nameaddon}%
\setunit{\addcomma\space}}}%
  }%
        \printeventdate}

\newbibmacro*{addendum+pubstate:juris}{%
  \printfield{usera}%notacomm
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{addendum}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{pubstate}%
  \ifdefstring{\bbx@origfields}{none}{}{%
   \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{origdata:article-inbook}}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{library}}
    
\DeclareBibliographyDriver{jurisdiction}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{juris:author}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iffieldundef{booktitle}{}{%
  \usebibmacro{in:}%
  \usebibmacro{maintitle+booktitle}%
  \newunit\newblock
\printtext{%
   \printfield{labelyear}%
   \printfield{extrayear}}
     \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{edition}%
  \newunit
%  \iffieldundef{maintitle}
    {\printfield{volume}%
     \printfield{part}}
    {}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{volumes}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock}
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate:juris}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Define new fields for \bibtype{jurisdiction} entry types and
% \opt{orig-} fields mechanism:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareStyleSourcemap{
\maps[datatype=bibtex]{
    \map{
     \step[fieldsource=court         , fieldtarget=author]
     \step[fieldsource=notacomm      , fieldtarget=usera]
     \step[fieldsource=section       , fieldtarget=nameaddon]
     \step[fieldsource=transdate     , fieldtarget=origdate]
     \step[fieldsource=transtitle    , fieldtarget=origtitle]
     \step[fieldsource=tranpublisher , fieldtarget=origpublisher]
     \step[fieldsource=translocation , fieldtarget=origlocation]
     \step[fieldsource=transbooktitle, fieldtarget=usera]
     \step[fieldsource=transnote     , fieldtarget=userb]
     \step[fieldsource=transpages    , fieldtarget=userc]
     \step[fieldsource=origbooktitle , fieldtarget=usera]
     \step[fieldsource=orignote      , fieldtarget=userb]
     \step[fieldsource=origpages     , fieldtarget=userc]
      }
    }
  }
\DeclareDataInheritance{*}{*}{\noinherit{annotation}}

\DeclareFieldAlias[jurisdiction]{usera}[jurisdiction]{notacomm}
\DeclareFieldAlias[jurisdiction]{nameadddon}[jurisdiction]{section}
\DeclareFieldAlias[jurisdiction]{author}[jurisdiction]{court}

%    \end{macrocode}
% \iffalse
%</standard-bbx>
% \fi
%
% \subsection{\file{philosophy-classic.bbx}}
%
% \iffalse
%<*classic-bbx>
% \fi
% \subsubsection{Initial settings}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\RequireBibliographyStyle{authoryear}
\RequireBibliographyStyle{philosophy-standard}

\newtoggle{bbx:square}
\newtoggle{bbx:nodate}

\DeclareBibliographyOption{square}[true]{%
  \settoggle{bbx:square}{#1}}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{nodate}[true]{%
  \settoggle{bbx:nodate}{#1}}

\ExecuteBibliographyOptions{%
  nodate      = true,
  uniquename  = false,
  pagetracker = true,
  singletitle = false,
  square      = false,
  mergedate   = basic,  
  dashed      = true,
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The \opt{classic} and \opt{modern} styles 
% redefine the \texttt{relateddate} and \texttt{commarelateddate} macros
% because the date have to be printed after the name of the author/editor.
% In the list of shorthands we need a standard entry,
% with the date at the end and no date after the name of the author/editor
% so we overwrite these macros locally:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\AtBeginShorthands{%
\togglefalse{bbx:annotation}%
\renewcommand{\labelnamepunct}{\addcomma\space}%
\renewbibmacro*{relateddate}{%
  \setunit*{\addspace}%
  \printdate}%
\renewbibmacro*{commarelateddate}{%
  \setunit*{\addcomma\space}%
  \printdate}%
\DeclareCiteCommand{\bbx@crossref@inbook}
  {}%
  {\iffieldundef{shorthand}{%
  \usebibmacro{citeindex}%
  \ifuseeditor{%
    \ifthenelse{\value{listtotal}=2}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{maxnamesincross}]{labelname}}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{minnamesincross}]{labelname}}}%
     {\usebibmacro{labeltitle}}%
    \setunit*{\addspace}%
    \usebibmacro{date+extrayear:crossref}}%
    {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}%
  {}%
  {}%
\DeclareCiteCommand{\bbx@crossref@incollection}%
  {}%
  {\iffieldundef{shorthand}{%
  \usebibmacro{citeindex}%
  \ifuseeditor{%
    \ifthenelse{\value{listtotal}=2}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{maxnamesincross}]{labelname}}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{minnamesincross}]{labelname}}}%
     {\usebibmacro{labeltitle}}%
    \setunit*{\addspace}%
    \usebibmacro{date+extrayear:crossref}}%
    {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}%
  {}%
  {}%
\newbibmacro*{date+extrayear:crossref}{%
      \begingroup%
        \clearfield{month}%
        \clearfield{day}%
    \ifboolexpr{%
      test {\iffieldundef{date}}
      and
      test {\iffieldundef{year}}
    }%
      {\iftoggle{bbx:nodate}{\printtext[parens]{%
        \midsentence\bibstring{nodate}}}{}}%
      {\printtext[parens]{\printdateextra}}%
       \endgroup}%
\newbibmacro*{date+extrayear}{}%
% for article entries:
\renewbibmacro*{date}{\printdate}%
\renewbibmacro*{issue+date}{%
  \printtext[pureparens]{%
    \iffieldundef{issue}
      {\usebibmacro{date}}
      {\printfield{issue}%
       \setunit*{\addspace}%
       \usebibmacro{date}}}%
  \newunit}
  }%

\AtBeginDocument{%
  \iftoggle{bbx:square}
    {\renewcommand{\bibopenparen}{\bibopenbracket}%
    \renewcommand{\bibcloseparen}{\bibclosebracket}}%
    {}%
  \setcounter{maxnamesincross}{\value{maxnames}}%
  \setcounter{minnamesincross}{\value{minnames}}%
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% The \texttt{labelname} format is redefined in order to have also the name hyperlinked
% through the \cmd{bibhyperref} command.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareNameFormat{labelname}{%
	\nameparts{#1}%
	\bibhyperref{\ifcase\value{uniquename}%
		\usebibmacro{name:family}
		{\namepartfamily}
		{\namepartgiven}
		{\namepartprefix}
		{\namepartsuffix}%
		\or
		\ifuseprefix
		{\usebibmacro{name:given-family}
			{\namepartfamily}
			{\namepartgiveni}
			{\namepartprefix}
			{\namepartsuffixi}}
		{\usebibmacro{name:given-family}
			{\namepartfamily}
			{\namepartgiveni}
			{\namepartprefixi}
			{\namepartsuffixi}}%
		\or
		\usebibmacro{name:given-family}
		{\namepartfamily}
		{\namepartgiven}
		{\namepartprefix}
		{\namepartsuffix}%
		\fi
		\usebibmacro{name:andothers}}}

\AtEveryBibitem{%
\iffieldequalstr{entrysubtype}{classic}{%
  \togglefalse{bbx:nodate}}}%

%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{New macros}
%
% Renew the bibliography macro 'relateddate'
% to delete the date at the end of the entry:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\renewbibmacro*{relateddate}{}
\renewbibmacro*{commarelateddate}{}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \paragraph{Dates}
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \renewbibmacro*{issue+date}{%
    \ifboolexpr{%
      test {\iffieldundef{issue}}
      and
      test {\iffieldundef{month}}
    }%
      {}%
      {\ifdefstring{\bbx@volnumformat}{parens}%
      {\printtext{%
        \printfield{issue}\setunit*{\addspace}%
        \printdate}}%
      {\printtext[pureparens]{%
        \printfield{issue}\setunit*{\addspace}%
        \printdate}}}%
    \newunit}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% Delete ``month'' from \cmd{printdateextra} 
% to print open ranges such as: ``1968-'':
%    \begin{macrocode}
\renewbibmacro*{date+extrayear}{%
      \begingroup%
        \clearfield{month}%
        \clearfield{day}%
    \ifboolexpr{%
      test {\iffieldundef{date}}
      and
      test {\iffieldundef{year}}
    }%
      {\iftoggle{bbx:nodate}{\printtext[parens]{%
        \midsentence\bibstring{nodate}}}{}}%
      {\printtext[parens]{\printdateextra}}%
       \endgroup}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \paragraph{New macros}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\renewbibmacro*{author}{%
  \ifboolexpr{%
    test \ifuseauthor
    and
    not test {\ifnameundef{author}}
  }%
    {\usebibmacro{bbx:dashcheck}%
       {\bibnamedash}%
       {\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}%
        \printnames{author}%
        \iffieldundef{nameaddon}{}%
        {\setunit{\addspace}%
        \printtext[brackets]{\printfield{nameaddon}}}%
\iffieldundef{authortype}%
  {\setunit{\addspace}}%
  {\setunit{\addcomma\space}}}%
     \iffieldundef{authortype}%
       {}%
       {\usebibmacro{authorstrg}%
\setunit{\addspace}}}%
    {\global\undef\bbx@lasthash%
     \usebibmacro{labeltitle}%
     \setunit*{\addspace}}%
  \usebibmacro{date+extrayear}}%

\renewbibmacro*{editor}{%
  \usebibmacro{bbx:editor}{editorstrg}}%
\renewbibmacro*{editor+others}{%
  \usebibmacro{bbx:editor}{editor+othersstrg}}%
\renewbibmacro*{bbx:editor}[1]{%
  \ifboolexpr{%
    test \ifuseeditor
    and
    not test {\ifnameundef{editor}}
  }%
    {\usebibmacro{bbx:dashcheck}%
       {\bibnamedash}%
       {\printnames{editor}%
\setunit{\addspace}%
\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}}%
     \usebibmacro{#1}%
     \clearname{editor}%
     \setunit{\addspace}}%
    {\global\undef\bbx@lasthash%
     \usebibmacro{labeltitle}%
     \setunit*{\addspace}}%
  \usebibmacro{date+extrayear}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Crossreferences}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareCiteCommand{\bbx@crossref@inbook}%
  {}%
  {\usebibmacro{citeindex}%
  \ifuseeditor{%
    \ifthenelse{\value{listtotal}=2}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{maxnamesincross}]{labelname}}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{minnamesincross}]{labelname}}}%
     {\usebibmacro{labeltitle}}%
    \setunit*{\addspace}%
    \usebibmacro{date+extrayear}}%
  {}%
  {}%

\DeclareCiteCommand{\bbx@crossref@incollection}%
  {}%
  {\usebibmacro{citeindex}%
  \ifuseeditor{%
    \ifthenelse{\value{listtotal}=2}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{maxnamesincross}]{labelname}}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{minnamesincross}]{labelname}}}%
     {\usebibmacro{labeltitle}}%
    \setunit*{\addspace}%
    \usebibmacro{date+extrayear}}%
  {}%
  {}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% The \opt{restoreclassic} option is redundant for the 
% philosophy-classic style. Anyway it is defined to avoid 
% error messages:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\define@key{blx@bib1}{restoreclassic}[]{}
\define@key{blx@bib2}{restoreclassic}[true]{}
\define@key{blx@bib1}{nodate}[]{}%
\define@key{blx@bib2}{nodate}[true]{%
  \ifstrequal{#1}{false}{%
  \togglefalse{bbx:nodate}%
}{}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \iffalse
%</classic-bbx>
% \fi
%
% \subsection{\file{philosophy-modern.bbx}}
%
% \iffalse
%<*modern-bbx>
% \fi
% \subsubsection{Initial settings}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\RequireBibliographyStyle{philosophy-classic}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The \sty{modern} style has only one specific option
% which is turned off by default:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newtoggle{bbx:yearleft}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{yearleft}[true]{%
  \settoggle{bbx:yearleft}{#1}}
\ExecuteBibliographyOptions{%
  yearleft=false}

\newlength{\yeartitle}
\newlength{\postnamesep}
\setlength{\yeartitle}{0.8em}
\setlength{\postnamesep}{0.5ex plus 2pt minus 1pt}
\setlength{\bibitemsep}{\postnamesep}
\setlength{\bibnamesep}{1.5ex plus 2pt minus 1pt}
\setlength{\bibhang}{4\parindent}

\AtBeginBibliography{%
\iftoggle{bbx:yearleft}{%
\setlength{\yeartitle}{\fill}}%
{}}

\newcommand{\postsep}{\par\nobreak\vskip\postnamesep%
  \hskip-\bibhang\ignorespaces}
\renewcommand{\labelnamepunct}{}

\AtBeginShorthands{%
\renewcommand{\postsep}{\addspace}%
\renewcommand{\labelnamepunct}{\newunitpunct}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{New macros}
% \paragraph{Dates}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\renewbibmacro*{date+extrayear}{%
      \begingroup%
        \clearfield{month}%
        \clearfield{day}%
  \makebox[\bibhang][r]{\printtext{%
    \ifboolexpr{%
      test {\iffieldundef{date}}
      and
      test {\iffieldundef{year}}
    }%
    {\iftoggle{bbx:nodate}{\printtext{%
      \midsentence\bibstring{nodate}}}{}}%
    {\printtext{\printdateextra}}%
    \hskip\yeartitle}}%
       \endgroup}%

\renewbibmacro*{labeltitle}{%
  \iffieldundef{label}%
    {\iffieldundef{shorttitle}%
    {\printfield{title}\clearfield{title}}%
    {\printfield[title]{shorttitle}}}%
  {\printtext{\printfield{label}}%
\postsep}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \paragraph{Authors and editors}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\renewbibmacro*{author}{%
  \ifboolexpr{%
    test \ifuseauthor
    and
    not test {\ifnameundef{author}}
  }%
    {\usebibmacro{bbx:dashcheck}%
       {}%
       {\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}%
        \printnames{author}%
        \iffieldundef{nameaddon}{}%
        {\setunit{\addspace}%
        \printtext[brackets]{\printfield{nameaddon}}}%
         \iffieldundef{authortype}%
         {}%
         {\setunit{\addcomma\space}}%
        \usebibmacro{authorstrg}%
    \postsep}}%
      {\global\undef\bbx@lasthash%
      \usebibmacro{labeltitle}%
      \setunit*{\addspace}}%
  \usebibmacro{date+extrayear}}%
  
\renewbibmacro*{editor}{%
  \usebibmacro{bbx:editor}{editorstrg}}%
\renewbibmacro*{editor+others}{%
  \usebibmacro{bbx:editor}{editor+othersstrg}}%
\renewbibmacro*{bbx:editor}[1]{%
 \ifboolexpr{%
    test \ifuseeditor
    and
    not test {\ifnameundef{editor}}
  }%
    {\usebibmacro{bbx:dashcheck}%
       {}%
       {\printnames{editor}%
     \postsep%ADD
   \usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}}}%
     {\global\undef\bbx@lasthash%
     \usebibmacro{labeltitle}}%
  \usebibmacro{date+extrayear}%
    \iffieldundef{label}%
    {\usebibmacro{#1}%
    \clearname{editor}%
    \printtext{\addcomma\space}}{}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Crossreferences}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareCiteCommand{\bbx@crossref@inbook}%
  {}%
  {\usebibmacro{citeindex}%
  \ifuseeditor{%
    \ifthenelse{\value{listtotal}=2}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{maxnamesincross}]{labelname}}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{minnamesincross}]{labelname}}}%
     {\usebibmacro{labeltitle}}%
    \setunit*{\addspace}%
    \usebibmacro{classic:date+extrayear}}%
  {}%
  {}%

\DeclareCiteCommand{\bbx@crossref@incollection}%
  {}%
  {\usebibmacro{citeindex}%
  \ifuseeditor{%
    \ifthenelse{\value{listtotal}=2}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{maxnamesincross}]{labelname}}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{minnamesincross}]{labelname}}}%
     {\usebibmacro{labeltitle}}%
    \setunit*{\addspace}%
    \usebibmacro{classic:date+extrayear}}%
  {}%
  {}%

\newbibmacro*{classic:date+extrayear}{%
      \begingroup%
        \clearfield{month}%
        \clearfield{day}%
    \ifboolexpr{%
      test {\iffieldundef{date}}
      and
      test {\iffieldundef{year}}
    }%
      {\iftoggle{bbx:nodate}{\printtext[parens]{%
        \midsentence\bibstring{nodate}}}{}}%
      {\printtext[parens]{%
   \printfield{labelyear}%
   \printfield{extrayear}}}%
       \endgroup}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{The \opt{restoreclassic} option}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\define@key{blx@bib1}{restoreclassic}[]{}
\define@key{blx@bib2}{restoreclassic}[true]{%
  \ifstrequal{#1}{true}{%
  \setlength{\bibhang}{\parindent}%
  \renewcommand{\labelnamepunct}{\newunitpunct}%
\renewbibmacro*{date+extrayear}{%
      \begingroup%
        \clearfield{month}%
        \clearfield{day}%
    \ifboolexpr{%
      test {\iffieldundef{date}}
      and
      test {\iffieldundef{year}}
    }%
      {\iftoggle{bbx:nodate}{\printtext[parens]{%
        \midsentence\bibstring{nodate}}}{}}%
      {\printtext[parens]{\printdateextra}}%
       \endgroup}%
\renewbibmacro*{author}{%
  \ifboolexpr{%
    test \ifuseauthor
    and
    not test {\ifnameundef{author}}
  }%
    {\usebibmacro{bbx:dashcheck}%
       {\bibnamedash}%
       {\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}%
        \printnames{author}%
        \iffieldundef{nameaddon}{}%
        {\setunit{\addspace}%
        \printtext[brackets]{\printfield{nameaddon}}}%
\iffieldundef{authortype}%
  {\setunit{\addspace}}%
  {\setunit{\addcomma\space}}}%
     \iffieldundef{authortype}%
       {}%
       {\usebibmacro{authorstrg}%
\setunit{\addspace}}}%
    {\global\undef\bbx@lasthash%
     \usebibmacro{labeltitle}%
     \setunit*{\addspace}}%
  \usebibmacro{date+extrayear}}%
\renewbibmacro*{editor}{%
  \usebibmacro{bbx:editor}{editorstrg}}%
\renewbibmacro*{editor+others}{%
  \usebibmacro{bbx:editor}{editor+othersstrg}}%
\renewbibmacro*{bbx:editor}[1]{%
  \ifboolexpr{%
    test \ifuseeditor
    and
    not test {\ifnameundef{editor}}
  }%
    {\usebibmacro{bbx:dashcheck}%
       {\bibnamedash}%
       {\printnames{editor}%
\setunit{\addspace}%
\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}}%
     \usebibmacro{#1}%
     \clearname{editor}%
     \setunit{\addspace}}%
    {\global\undef\bbx@lasthash%
     \usebibmacro{labeltitle}%
     \setunit*{\addspace}}%
  \usebibmacro{date+extrayear}}%
\renewbibmacro*{labeltitle}{%
  \iffieldundef{label}%
    {\iffieldundef{shorttitle}%
       {\printfield{title}%
        \clearfield{title}}%
       {\printfield[title]{shorttitle}}}%
    {\printfield{label}}}%
  }{}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \iffalse
%</modern-bbx>
% \fi
%
% \subsection{\file{philosophy-verbose.bbx}}
%
% \iffalse
%<*verbose-bbx>
% \fi
%
% \subsubsection{Initial settings}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\RequireBibliographyStyle{authortitle}
\RequireBibliographyStyle{philosophy-standard}

\AtBeginShorthands{%
%    \end{macrocode}
% The annotation field is omitted in the list of shorthands:
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \togglefalse{bbx:annotation}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% In the list of shorthands we always use the shorthand
% for the cross-referenced entries: 
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \DeclareCiteCommand{\bbx@crossref@inbook}%
  {}%
  {\iffieldundef{shorthand}%
    {\usebibmacro{inbook:full}}%
    {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}%
  {}%
  {}%
\DeclareCiteCommand{\bbx@crossref@incollection}%
  {}%
  {\iffieldundef{shorthand}%
    {\usebibmacro{incollection:full}}%
    {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}%  
  {}%
  {}%
}
\DeclareFieldFormat{edition}{%
  \ifinteger{#1}{%
    \ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{arabic}
    {\mkbibordedition{#1}~\bibstring{edition}}
    {\ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{Roman}%
      {\RN{#1}~\bibstring{edition}}%
      {\ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{romansc}%
        {\textsc{\Rn{#1}}~\bibstring{edition}}%
        {\ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{roman}%
          {\Rn{#1}~\bibstring{edition}}
          {\ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{superscript}%
            {\mkbibsuperscript{#1}}%
            {\optionerror{editionformat}}}}}}}{#1}}%\isdot??  
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{New macros}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\renewbibmacro*{author}{%
  \ifboolexpr{%
    test \ifuseauthor
    and
    not test {\ifnameundef{author}}
  }%
    {\usebibmacro{bbx:dashcheck}%
       {\bibnamedash}%
       {\printnames{author}%
        \iffieldundef{nameaddon}{}%
        {\setunit{\addspace}%
        \printtext[brackets]{\printfield{nameaddon}}}%
\setunit{\addcomma\space}%
\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}}%
     \usebibmacro{authorstrg}}%
    {\global\undef\bbx@lasthash}}%

\renewbibmacro*{editor}{%
  \usebibmacro{bbx:editor}{editorstrg}}%
\renewbibmacro*{editor+others}{%
  \usebibmacro{bbx:editor}{editor+othersstrg}}%
\renewbibmacro*{bbx:editor}[1]{%
  \ifboolexpr{%
    test \ifuseeditor
    and
    not test {\ifnameundef{editor}}
  }%
    {\usebibmacro{bbx:dashcheck}%
       {\bibnamedash}%
       {\printnames{editor}%
\setunit{\addspace}%
        \usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}}%
     \usebibmacro{#1}%
     \clearname{editor}}%
    {\global\undef\bbx@lasthash}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Crossreferences}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newbibmacro*{nodash:author}{%
  \ifboolexpr{%
    test \ifuseauthor
    and
    not test {\ifnameundef{author}}
  }%
    {\printnames{author}%
        \iffieldundef{nameaddon}{}%
        {\setunit{\addspace}%
        \printtext[brackets]{\printfield{nameaddon}}}%
\setunit{\addcomma\space}%
     \usebibmacro{authorstrg}}%
    {\global\undef\bbx@lasthash}}

\newbibmacro*{nodash:editor+others}{%
  \usebibmacro{nodash:bbx:editor}{editor+othersstrg}}%
\newbibmacro*{nodash:bbx:editor}[1]{%
  \ifboolexpr{%
    test \ifuseeditor
    and
    not test {\ifnameundef{editor}}
  }%
    {\printnames{editor}%
\setunit{\addspace}%
     \usebibmacro{#1}%
     \clearname{editor}}%
    {\global\undef\bbx@lasthash}}

\newbibmacro*{nodash:author/editor+others/translator+others}{%
  \ifboolexpr{
    test \ifuseauthor
    and
    not test {\ifnameundef{author}}
  }
    {\usebibmacro{nodash:author}}
    {\ifboolexpr{
       test \ifuseeditor
       and
       not test {\ifnameundef{editor}}
     }
       {\usebibmacro{nodash:editor+others}}
       {\usebibmacro{translator+others}}}}

\renewbibmacro*{relateddate}{%
  \setunit*{\addspace}%
  \printdate\ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{superscript}{\printfield{edition}}{}}
\renewbibmacro*{commarelateddate}{%
  \setunit*{\addcomma\space}%
  \printdate\ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{superscript}{\printfield{edition}}{}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Bibliography drivers}
%    \begin{macrocode}    
\DeclareBibliographyDriver{book}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author/editor+others/translator+others}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{maintitle+title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{superscript}{}%
  {\printfield{edition}%
  \newunit}%
  \printfield{volumes}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit
  \iffieldundef{maintitle}
    {\printfield{volume}%
     \printfield{part}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{pagetotal}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{collection}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{editor+others}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{maintitle+title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{superscript}{}%
  {\printfield{edition}%
  \newunit}%
  \iffieldundef{maintitle}
    {\printfield{volume}%
     \printfield{part}}
    {}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{volumes}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{pagetotal}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\renewbibmacro*{inbook:full}{%
  \usebibmacro{bybookauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{maintitle+booktitle}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{superscript}{}%
  {\printfield{edition}%
  \newunit}%
  \printfield{volumes}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit
  \iffieldundef{maintitle}
    {\printfield{volume}%
     \printfield{part}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate:article-inbook-incoll}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

  \renewbibmacro*{incollection:full}{%
  \usebibmacro{maintitle+booktitle}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{superscript}{}%
  {\printfield{edition}%
  \newunit}%
  \printfield{volumes}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit
  \iffieldundef{maintitle}
    {\printfield{volume}%
     \printfield{part}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate:article-inbook-incoll}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{manual}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{author/editor}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{superscript}{}%
  {\printfield{edition}%
  \newunit\newblock}%
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{type}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{version}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printlist{organization}%
  \newunit
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{pagetotal}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}
      
\newbibmacro*{usedriver:book}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{nodash:author/editor+others/translator+others}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{maintitle+title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byauthor}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{superscript}{}%
  {\printfield{edition}%
  \newunit}%
  \printfield{volumes}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit
  \iffieldundef{maintitle}
    {\printfield{volume}%
     \printfield{part}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{pagetotal}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  }
\newbibmacro*{usedriver:collection}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \usebibmacro{nodash:editor+others}%
  \setunit{\labelnamepunct}\newblock
  \usebibmacro{maintitle+title}%
  \newunit
  \printlist{language}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{byeditor+others}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \ifdefstring{\bbx@editionformat}{superscript}{}%
  {\printfield{edition}%
  \newunit}%
  \iffieldundef{maintitle}
    {\printfield{volume}%
     \printfield{part}}
    {}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{volumes}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{series+number}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{note}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{publisher+location+date}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{chapter+pages}%
  \newunit
  \printfield{pagetotal}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \iftoggle{bbx:isbn}
    {\printfield{isbn}}
    {}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{doi+eprint+url}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{addendum+pubstate}%
  \newblock
  \usebibmacro{phil:related}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  }
\DeclareCiteCommand{\bbx@crossref@inbook}%
  {}%
  {\ifciteseen{%
   \ifthenelse{\value{listtotal}=2}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{maxnamesincross}]{labelname}}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{minnamesincross}]{labelname}}%
  \setunit*{\addcomma\space}\printtext{%
    \printfield[citetitle]{labeltitle}%
      \iftoggle{cbx:commacit}{\setunit{\addcomma\space}}%
   {\setunit{\addspace\midsentence}}%
       \bibstring{opcit}}}%
    {\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{default}%
    \usebibmacro{usedriver:book}}}%
  {}%
  {}%
\DeclareCiteCommand{\bbx@crossref@incollection}%
  {}%
  {\ifciteseen{%
\ifthenelse{\value{listtotal}=2}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{maxnamesincross}]{labelname}}%
      {\printnames[][-\value{minnamesincross}]{labelname}}%
      \setunit{\addspace}%
      \usebibmacro{editorstrg}%
  \setunit*{\addcomma\space}\printtext{%
    \printfield[citetitle]{labeltitle}%
       \iftoggle{cbx:commacit}{\setunit{\addcomma\space}}%
    {\setunit{\addspace\midsentence}}%
        \bibstring{opcit}}}%
    {\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{default}%
    \usebibmacro{usedriver:collection}}}%
  {}%
  {}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \iffalse
%</verbose-bbx>
% \fi
%
%
% \subsection{\file{philosophy-verbose.cbx}}
%
% \iffalse
%<*verbose-cbx>
% \fi
%
% \subsubsection{Initial settings}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\RequireCitationStyle{verbose-trad2}

\newtoggle{cbx:latinemph}
\newtoggle{cbx:commacit}

\DeclareBibliographyOption{latinemph}[true]{%
  \settoggle{cbx:latinemph}{#1}}
\DeclareBibliographyOption{commacit}[true]{%
  \settoggle{cbx:commacit}{#1}}

\ExecuteBibliographyOptions{%
  idemtracker=false,
  loccittracker=strict,
  latinemph=false,
  commacit=false}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Redefine \cmd{mkibid} for every citations when using
% the \opt{latinemph} option:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\renewcommand*{\mkibid}{\iftoggle{cbx:latinemph}{\emph}{}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The \bibfield{annotation} field is omitted in every citations:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\AtEveryCite{%
  \togglefalse{bbx:annotation}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \paragraph{Name formats}
%    \begin{macrocode}
%  \renewcommand*{\mkbibnamefamily}[1]{%
%    \iffootnote{\iftoggle{cbx:scauthorscite}{\mkbibsc{#1}}{#1}}{#1}}%
%  \renewcommand*{\mkbibnamegiven}[1]{%
%    \iffootnote{\iftoggle{cbx:scauthorscite}{\mkbibsc{#1}}{#1}}{#1}}%
%  \renewcommand*{\mkbibnameprefix}[1]{%
%    \iffootnote{\iftoggle{cbx:scauthorscite}{\mkbibsc{#1}}{#1}}{#1}}%
%  \renewcommand*{\mkbibnamesuffix}[1]{%
%    \iffootnote{\iftoggle{cbx:scauthorscite}{\mkbibsc{#1}}{#1}}{#1}}%
  \renewbibmacro*{name:andothers}{%
    \ifboolexpr{%
      test {\ifnumequal{\value{listcount}}{\value{liststop}}}%
      and
      test \ifmorenames
    }%
    {\ifnumgreater{\value{liststop}}{1}%
      {\finalandcomma}%
      {}%
      \andothersdelim\bibstring[\mkibid]{andothers}}%
    {}}%
  \renewbibmacro*{list:andothers}{%
    \ifboolexpr{%
      test {\ifnumequal{\value{listcount}}{\value{liststop}}}%
      and
      test \ifmoreitems
    }%
    {\ifnumgreater{\value{liststop}}{1}%
      {\finalandcomma}%
      {}%
      \andmoredelim\bibstring[\mkibid]{andmore}}%
    {}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% The \texttt{labelname} format is redefined only if \opt{scauthors=cite} or \opt{scauthors=all} is given.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareNameFormat{labelname}{%
\iftoggle{cbx:scauthorscite}{%
  \iffootnote{%
   \let\mkbibnamefamily\mkbibsc%
   \let\mkbibnamegiven\mkbibsc%
   \let\mkbibnameprefix\mkbibsc%
   \let\mkbibnamesuffix\mkbibsc}{}}{}%
  \nameparts{#1}%
  \bibhyperref{\ifcase\value{uniquename}%
    \usebibmacro{name:family}%
      {\namepartfamily}%
      {\namepartgiven}%
      {\namepartprefix}%
      {\namepartsuffix}%
  \or
    \ifuseprefix
      {\usebibmacro{name:given-family}%
        {\namepartfamily}%
        {\namepartgiveni}%
        {\namepartprefix}%
        {\namepartsuffixi}}%
      {\usebibmacro{name:given-family}%
        {\namepartfamily}%
        {\namepartgiveni}%
        {\namepartprefixi}%
        {\namepartsuffixi}}%
  \or
    \usebibmacro{name:given-family}%
      {\namepartfamily}%
      {\namepartgiven}%
      {\namepartprefix}%
      {\namepartsuffix}%
  \fi
  \usebibmacro{name:andothers}}}%
}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% The \texttt{scdefauld} name format is used in the \texttt{cite:full} macro below to controll the small caps in the first citation of an antry (full citation).
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareNameFormat{scdefault}{%
\iffootnote{%
   \let\mkbibnamefamily\mkbibsc%
   \let\mkbibnamegiven\mkbibsc%
   \let\mkbibnameprefix\mkbibsc%
   \let\mkbibnamesuffix\mkbibsc}{}%
  \nameparts{#1}%
  \ifgiveninits
    {\usebibmacro{name:given-family}%
      {\namepartfamily}%
      {\namepartgiveni}%
      {\namepartprefix}%
      {\namepartsuffix}}%
    {\usebibmacro{name:given-family}%
      {\namepartfamily}%
      {\namepartgiven}%
      {\namepartprefix}%
      {\namepartsuffix}}%
  \usebibmacro{name:andothers}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{New macros}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newbibmacro*{cite:opcit}{%
  \printtext[bibhyperlink]{\bibstring[\mkibid]{opcited}}}

\newbibmacro*{cite:loccit}{%
  \printtext{%
    \bibhyperlink{cite\csuse{cbx@lastcite@\thefield{entrykey}}}{%
      \bibstring[\mkibid]{loccit}}}%
  \global\toggletrue{cbx:loccit}}

\renewbibmacro*{cite:ibid}{%
  \ifloccit
  {\usebibmacro{cite:loccit}}{%
    \printtext{%
      \bibhyperlink{cite\csuse{cbx@lastcite@\thefield{entrykey}}}{%
        \bibstring[\mkibid]{ibidem}}}}}%

\renewbibmacro*{cite:title}{%
  \ifsingletitle{\usebibmacro{cite:opcit}}{%
    \printtext[bibhyperlink]{%
      \printfield[citetitle]{labeltitle}%
      \iftoggle{cbx:commacit}{\setunit{\addcomma\space}}%
      {\setunit{\addspace\midsentence}}}%
    \bibstring{opcit}}}

\renewbibmacro*{cite:full}{%
  \iftoggle{cbx:shorthandintro}{%
    \usebibmacro{cite:full:citepages}%
    \global\toggletrue{cbx:fullcite}%
    \printtext[bibhypertarget]{%
      \usedriver
      {\iftoggle{cbx:scauthorscite}{%
      \DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{scdefault}}%
      {\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{default}}}%
      {\thefield{entrytype}}}%
    \usebibmacro{shorthandintro}}%
  {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}

\renewbibmacro*{cite:idem}{%
  \iftoggle{cbx:scauthorscite}{%
    \bibstring[\mkbibsc]{idem\thefield{gender}}}{%
    \bibstring[\mkibid]{idem\thefield{gender}}}%
  \setunit{\nametitledelim}}

\newbibmacro*{ccite:cite}{%
  \usebibmacro{related:clearauthors}%
  \usebibmacro{cite:citepages}%
  \global\togglefalse{cbx:fullcite}%
  \global\togglefalse{cbx:loccit}%
  \bibhypertarget{cite\the\value{instcount}}{%
    \ifciteseen
    {\iffieldundef{shorthand}
      {\usebibmacro{cite:title}%
        \usebibmacro{cite:save}}
      {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}
    {\usebibmacro{cite:full}%
      \usebibmacro{cite:save}}}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Citation commands}
%    \begin{macrocode}       
\DeclareCiteCommand{\ccite}
{\usebibmacro{prenote}}%
{\usebibmacro{citeindex}%
  \usebibmacro{ccite:cite}}
{\multicitedelim}
{\usebibmacro{cite:postnote}}
\DeclareCiteCommand{\fullcite}
{\usebibmacro{prenote}}
{\usedriver
     {\iftoggle{cbx:scauthorscite}%
       {\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{scdefault}}%
       {\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{default}}}%
  {\thefield{entrytype}}}
{\multicitedelim}
{\usebibmacro{postnote}}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \iffalse
%</verbose-cbx>
% \fi
%
% \subsection{\file{philosophy-classic.cbx}}
%
% \iffalse
%<*classic-cbx>
% \fi
%
% \subsubsection{Initial settings}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\RequireCitationStyle{authoryear-comp}

\ExecuteBibliographyOptions{%
  citetracker = true,
}

%\AtEveryCite{%
%\renewcommand*{\mkbibnamefamily}[1]{\iftoggle{cbx:scauthorscite}{\mkbibsc{#1}}{#1}}%
%\renewcommand*{\mkbibnamegiven}[1]{\iftoggle{cbx:scauthorscite}{\mkbibsc{#1}}{#1}}%
%\renewcommand*{\mkbibnameprefix}[1]{\iftoggle{cbx:scauthorscite}{\mkbibsc{#1}}{#1}}%
%\renewcommand*{\mkbibnamesuffix}[1]{\iftoggle{cbx:scauthorscite}{\mkbibsc{#1}}{#1}}%  
%}
\AtEveryCite{%
  \iftoggle{cbx:scauthorscite}%
   {\let\mkbibnamefamily\mkbibsc%
    \let\mkbibnamegiven\mkbibsc%
    \let\mkbibnameprefix\mkbibsc%
   \let\mkbibnamesuffix\mkbibsc}%
   {}}%

\newcommand{\switchclass}[2]{%
  \iffieldequalstr{entrysubtype}{classic}%
    {\usebibmacro{#1}}%
    {\usebibmacro{#2}}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{New macros}
% \paragraph{Author-title macros}
% Import the \texttt{:AT} macros from the \file{authortitle-comp.cbx} file.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newbibmacro*{cite:init:AT}{%
  \ifnumless{\value{multicitecount}}{2}
    {\global\boolfalse{cbx:parens}%
     \global\undef\cbx@lasthash}%
    {\iffieldundef{prenote}%
       {}%
       {\global\undef\cbx@lasthash}}}

\newbibmacro*{cite:reinit:AT}{%
  \global\undef\cbx@lasthash}

\newbibmacro*{cite:AT}{%
  \iffieldundef{shorthand}
    {\iffieldequals{namehash}{\cbx@lasthash}
       {\setunit{\compcitedelim}}%
       {\ifnameundef{labelname}
          {}%
          {\printnames{labelname}%
           \setunit{\nametitledelim}}%
        \savefield{namehash}{\cbx@lasthash}}%
     \usebibmacro{cite:title:AT}}
    {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}%
     \usebibmacro{cite:reinit:AT}}%
  \setunit{\multicitedelim}}

\newbibmacro*{citetitle:AT}{%
  \iffieldundef{shorthand}
    {\usebibmacro{cite:title:AT}}%
    {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}%
  \setunit{\multicitedelim}}

\newbibmacro*{textcite:AT}{%
  \iffieldequals{namehash}{\cbx@lasthash}
    {\setunit{\compcitedelim}}
    {\ifnameundef{labelname}
       {}%
       {\printnames{labelname}%
        \setunit{%
    \global\booltrue{cbx:parens}%
    \addspace\bibopenparen}}%
     \savefield{namehash}{\cbx@lasthash}}%
  \ifnumequal{\value{citecount}}{1}
    {\usebibmacro{prenote}}
    {}%
  \iffieldundef{shorthand}
    {\usebibmacro{cite:title:AT}}%
    {\iftoggle{cbx:shorthandintro}{%
      \ifciteseen{%
       \usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}%
       {\usebibmacro{shorthandintro}}}%
     {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}%
  \setunit{%
    \ifbool{cbx:parens}
      {\bibcloseparen\global\boolfalse{cbx:parens}}
      {}%
    \multicitedelim}}

\newbibmacro*{cite:title:AT}{%
  \printtext[bibhyperref]{\printfield[citetitle]{labeltitle}}}

\newbibmacro*{textcite:postnote:AT}{%
  \ifnameundef{labelname}
    {\setunit{%
       \global\booltrue{cbx:parens}%
       \addspace\bibopenparen}}
    {\setunit{\postnotedelim}}%
  \printfield{postnote}%
  \ifthenelse{\value{multicitecount}=\value{multicitetotal}}
    {\setunit{}%
     \printtext{%
       \ifbool{cbx:parens}
   {\bibcloseparen\global\boolfalse{cbx:parens}}
   {}}}
    {\setunit{%
       \ifbool{cbx:parens}
   {\bibcloseparen\global\boolfalse{cbx:parens}}
   {}%
       \multicitedelim}}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \paragraph{Author-year macros}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newbibmacro*{cite:init:AY}{%
  \ifnumless{\value{multicitecount}}{2}
    {\global\boolfalse{cbx:parens}%
     \global\undef\cbx@lasthash
     \global\undef\cbx@lastyear}
    {\iffieldundef{prenote}
       {}
       {\global\undef\cbx@lasthash
  \global\undef\cbx@lastyear}}}

\newbibmacro*{cite:reinit:AY}{%
  \global\undef\cbx@lasthash
  \global\undef\cbx@lastyear}

\newbibmacro*{cite:AY}{%
  \iffieldundef{shorthand}%
    {\usebibmacro{cite:noshorthand}}%
    {\iftoggle{cbx:shorthandintro}%
    {\ifciteseen{\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}%
     {\usebibmacro{cite:noshorthand}%
     \usebibmacro{shorthandintro}}}%
     {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}%
     \usebibmacro{cite:reinit:AY}}%
  \setunit{\multicitedelim}}
    
\newbibmacro*{textcite:AY}{%
  \iffieldequals{namehash}{\cbx@lasthash}%
    {\iffieldundef{shorthand}%noshorthand
       {\ifthenelse{\iffieldequals{labelyear}{\cbx@lastyear}\AND
                    \(\value{multicitecount}=0\OR\iffieldundef{postnote}\)}%
          {\setunit{\addcomma}%
           \usebibmacro{cite:extrayear}}%
          {\setunit{\compcitedelim}%
           \usebibmacro{cite:labelyear+extrayear}%
           \savefield{labelyear}{\cbx@lastyear}}}%
       {\setunit{\compcitedelim}%shorthand
       \iftoggle{cbx:shorthandintro}%
        {\ifciteseen
        {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}%
        {\ifthenelse{\iffieldequals{labelyear}{\cbx@lastyear}\AND
                    \(\value{multicitecount}=0\OR\iffieldundef{postnote}\)}%
          {\setunit{\addcomma}%
           \usebibmacro{cite:extrayear}}%
          {\setunit{\compcitedelim}%
           \usebibmacro{cite:labelyear+extrayear}%
           \savefield{labelyear}{\cbx@lastyear}}%
           \usebibmacro{shorthandintro}}}%
           {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}%
        \global\undef\cbx@lastyear}}%
    {\ifnameundef{labelname}%
       {\iffieldundef{shorthand}%shorthand
          {\usebibmacro{cite:label}%
   \setunit{%
     \global\booltrue{cbx:parens}%
     \addspace\bibopenparen}%
   \ifnumequal{\value{citecount}}{1}%
     {\usebibmacro{prenote}}%
     {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}%
   \usebibmacro{cite:labelyear+extrayear}}%
          {\iftoggle{cbx:shorthandintro}%
          {\ifciteseen%shorthand
          {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}%
          {\usebibmacro{cite:label}%
   \setunit{%
     \global\booltrue{cbx:parens}%
     \addspace\bibopenparen}%
   \ifnumequal{\value{citecount}}{1}%
     {\usebibmacro{prenote}}%
     {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}%
   \usebibmacro{cite:labelyear+extrayear}%
   \usebibmacro{shorthandintro}}}}%
   {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}%
       {\printnames{labelname}%
\setunit{%
  \global\booltrue{cbx:parens}%
  \addspace\bibopenparen}%
\ifnumequal{\value{citecount}}{1}%
  {\usebibmacro{prenote}}%
  {}%
        \iffieldundef{shorthand}%noshorthand
          {\iffieldundef{labelyear}%
             {\usebibmacro{cite:label}}%
             {\usebibmacro{cite:labelyear+extrayear}}%
           \savefield{labelyear}{\cbx@lastyear}}%
          {\iftoggle{cbx:shorthandintro}%
          {\ifciteseen%
                    {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}%
                    {\iffieldundef{labelyear}%
             {\usebibmacro{cite:label}}%
             {\usebibmacro{cite:labelyear+extrayear}}%
           \savefield{labelyear}{\cbx@lastyear}%
           \usebibmacro{shorthandintro}}%
           \global\undef\cbx@lastyear}%
           {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}%
        \savefield{namehash}{\cbx@lasthash}}}%
  \setunit{%
    \ifbool{cbx:parens}%
      {\bibcloseparen\global\boolfalse{cbx:parens}}%
      {}%
    \multicitedelim}}%

\newbibmacro*{textcite:postnote:AY}{%
  \usebibmacro{postnote}%
  \ifthenelse{\value{multicitecount}=\value{multicitetotal}}
    {\setunit{}%
     \printtext{%
       \ifbool{cbx:parens}
   {\bibcloseparen\global\boolfalse{cbx:parens}}
   {}}}
    {\setunit{%
       \ifbool{cbx:parens}
   {\bibcloseparen\global\boolfalse{cbx:parens}}
   {}%
       \multicitedelim}}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The \texttt{cite:shorthand} is the same for both
% author-title and author-year styles:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\renewbibmacro*{cite:shorthand}{%
  \printtext[bibhyperref]{\printfield{shorthand}}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% If the field \bibfield{entrysubtype} equals to \texttt{classic}
% the citation commands will use the author-title macros:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\renewbibmacro*{cite:init}{%
  \switchclass{cite:init:AT}{cite:init:AY}}
\renewbibmacro*{cite:reinit}{%
  \switchclass{cite:reinit:AT}{cite:reinit:AY}}
\renewbibmacro*{cite}{%
  \switchclass{cite:AT}{cite:AY}}
\renewbibmacro*{textcite}{%
  \switchclass{textcite:AT}{textcite:AY}}
\renewbibmacro*{textcite:postnote}{%
  \switchclass{textcite:postnote:AT}{textcite:postnote:AY}}

\newbibmacro*{cite:noshorthand}{%
\ifthenelse{\ifnameundef{labelname}\OR\iffieldundef{labelyear}}%
       {\usebibmacro{cite:label}%
\setunit{\addspace}%
\usebibmacro{cite:labelyear+extrayear}%
        \usebibmacro{cite:reinit}}%
       {\iffieldequals{namehash}{\cbx@lasthash}%
          {\ifthenelse{\iffieldequals{labelyear}{\cbx@lastyear}\AND
                       \(\value{multicitecount}=0\OR\iffieldundef{postnote}\)}%
             {\setunit{\addcomma}%
              \usebibmacro{cite:extrayear}}%
             {\setunit{\compcitedelim}%
              \usebibmacro{cite:labelyear+extrayear}%
              \savefield{labelyear}{\cbx@lastyear}}}%
          {\printnames{labelname}%
      \setunit{\nameyeardelim}%
           \usebibmacro{cite:labelyear+extrayear}%
           \savefield{namehash}{\cbx@lasthash}%
           \iffieldundef{postnote}%
              {\savefield{labelyear}{\cbx@lastyear}}{}}}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \subsubsection{Citation commands}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareCiteCommand*{\cite}
  {\usebibmacro{cite:init}%
   \usebibmacro{prenote}}
  {\usebibmacro{citeindex}%
   \switchclass{citetitle:AT}{citeyear}}%
  {}
  {\usebibmacro{postnote}}

\DeclareCiteCommand*{\parencite}[\mkbibparens]
  {\usebibmacro{cite:init}%
   \usebibmacro{prenote}}
  {\usebibmacro{citeindex}%
   \switchclass{citetitle:AT}{citeyear}}
  {}
  {\usebibmacro{postnote}}

\DeclareCiteCommand{\citetitle}
  {\boolfalse{citetracker}%
   \boolfalse{pagetracker}%
   \usebibmacro{prenote}}
  {\indexfield{indextitle}%
    \printtext[bibhyperref]{\printfield[citetitle]{labeltitle}}}
  {\multicitedelim}
  {\usebibmacro{postnote}}

\DeclareCiteCommand*{\citetitle}
  {\boolfalse{citetracker}%
   \boolfalse{pagetracker}%
   \usebibmacro{prenote}}
  {\indexfield{indextitle}%
    \printtext[bibhyperref]{\printfield[citetitle]{title}}}
  {\multicitedelim}
  {\usebibmacro{postnote}}

\DeclareCiteCommand{\citeyear}
  {\boolfalse{citetracker}%
   \boolfalse{pagetracker}%
   \usebibmacro{prenote}}
  {\printtext[bibhyperref]{\printfield{year}}}
  {\multicitedelim}
  {\usebibmacro{postnote}}

\DeclareCiteCommand{\footcitet}[\mkbibfootnote]
  {\usebibmacro{cite:init}}
  {\usebibmacro{citeindex}%
   \usebibmacro{textcite}}
  {}%
  {\usebibmacro{textcite:postnote}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% This command is now deprecated because it is substituted by
% the \bibfield{entrysubtype=classic} mechanism:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareCiteCommand{\sdcite}
  {\boolfalse{citetracker}%
   \boolfalse{pagetracker}%
   \usebibmacro{prenote}}
  {\indexnames{labelname}%
   \printtext[bibhyperref]{\printnames{labelname}}%
   \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
   \indexfield{indextitle}%
   \printtext[bibhyperref]{\printfield[citetitle]{labeltitle}}}
  {\multicitedelim}
  {\usebibmacro{postnote}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \iffalse
%</classic-cbx>
% \fi
%
% \subsection{\file{philosophy-modern.cbx}}
%
% \iffalse
%<*modern-cbx>
% \fi
%
% The \sty{modern} style uses the \sty{classic} citation scheme:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\RequireCitationStyle{philosophy-classic}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The \cmd{fullcite} command simply prints the bibliography entry
% supplied by the style used. So we have to redefine this command
% in order to get the same output as that produced in 
% the \sty{philosophy-classic} style:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareCiteCommand{\fullcite}%
  {\usebibmacro{prenote}}%
  {\setkeys{blx@bib2}{restoreclassic}% 
  \usedriver%
     {\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{default}}%
     {\thefield{entrytype}}}%
  {\multicitedelim}%
  {\usebibmacro{postnote}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \iffalse
%</modern-cbx>
% \fi
%
%
% \subsection{\file{italian-philosophy.lbx}}
%
% \iffalse
%<*italian-lbx>
% \fi
% The custom localization module of these style inherits the standard \file{italian.lbx} module. There is only one new string: \texttt{opcited}. 
% The other strings are redefined according to the particular features of the style.       
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\InheritBibliographyExtras{italian}

\DeclareBibliographyExtras{%
\protected\def\bibrangedash{%
    -\penalty\hyphenpenalty}%
  \protected\def\bibdatedash{\textendash}}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% The \texttt{opcit} string used by the \sty{verbose-trad2} style works like the Italian `cit.' and it is already defined in the \file{italian.lbx} file with ``cit.'. The string ``cit.' is added to a truncated entry (usually after the short title) to mark that it has been previously cited. Additionally in the Italian bibliographies there is also the special string ``op. cit.'' which stands for ``the only entry'' of an author. For example, if ``Eco, \emph{Il nome della rosa}'' is the only entry of Eco cited in the paper, from the second occurence it will be abbreviated with ``Eco, \emph{op. cit.}''. So we need a new string, \texttt{opcited}, in order to get ``op. cit.'' for these cases:
%    \begin{macrocode}  
\NewBibliographyString{opcited}
%    \end{macrocode}
% First of all we inherit the italian localization module and then we define the new string \texttt{opcited} and the other strings as well.
%    \begin{macrocode}       
\DeclareBibliographyStrings{%   
  inherit            =  {italian},
  opcited            =  {{op\adddotspace cit\adddot}{op\adddotspace cit\adddot}},
%    \end{macrocode}
% Redefined strings:
%    \begin{macrocode}       
  ibidem             =  {{ivi}{ivi}},
  loccit             =  {{ibidem}{ibidem}},
  editor             =  {{a cura di}{a cura di}},
  editors            =  {{a cura di}{a cura di}},
  backrefpage        =  {{citato a pagina}{citato a \bibsstring{page}\adddot}},
  backrefpages       =  {{citato alle pagine}{citato alle \bibsstring{pages}\adddot}},  
  nodate             =  {{senza data}{s\adddot d\adddot}},
  volumes            =  {{volumi}{\iftoggle{bbx:classical}{voll\adddot}{vol\adddot}}},
  pages              =  {{pagine}{\iftoggle{bbx:classical}{pp\adddot}{p\adddot}}},
  columns            =  {{colonne}{\iftoggle{bbx:classical}{coll\adddot}{col\adddot}}},
  lines              =  {{righe}{\iftoggle{bbx:classical}{rr\adddot}{r\adddot}}},
  verses             =  {{versi}{\iftoggle{bbx:classical}{vv\adddot}{v\adddot}}}, 
  paragraphs         =  {{paragrafi}{\iftoggle{bbx:classical}{parr\adddot}{par\adddot}}},
  section            =  {{sezione}{sez\adddot}},
  sections           =  {{sezioni}{\iftoggle{bbx:classical}{sezz\adddot}{sez\adddot}}},
  withcommentator    =  {{commenti di}{commenti di}},
  withannotator      =  {{annotazioni di}{annotazioni di}},
  withintroduction   =  {{introduzione di}{introduzione di}},
  withforeword       =  {{prefazione di}{prefazione di}},
  withafterword      =  {{postfazione di}{postfazione di}},
%    \end{macrocode}
% The followings strings are not yet defined in \file{italian.lbx} file:
%    \begin{macrocode}       
 origpubas          =  {{ed\adddotspace orig\adddot}{ed\adddotspace orig\adddot}},
 bypublisher        =  {{\addcomma\space}{\addcomma\space}},
 astitle            =  {{come}{come}}, 
 reviewof           =  {{recensione di}{rec\adddotspace di}},
 byreviser          =  {{revisione di}{rev\adddotspace di}},
 translationof      =  {{traduzione di}{trad\adddotspace di}},
 translationas      =  {{traduzione italiana}{trad\adddotspace it\adddot}}
 reviser            = {{revisore}{rev\adddot}},% FIXME: missing
 revisers           = {{revisori}{rev\adddot}},% FIXME: missing
 founder            = {{fondatore}{fond\adddot}},% FIXME: missing
 founders           = {{fondatori}{fond\adddot}},% FIXME: missing
 continuator        = {{continuatore}{cont\adddot}},% FIXME: missing
 continuators       = {{continuatori}{cont\adddot}},% FIXME: missing
%byreviser        = {{rivisto da}{riv\adddotspace da}},% FIXME: missing: UNSURE
 byreviewer       = {{recensito da}{rec\adddotspace da}},% FIXME: missing: UNSURE
 byfounder        = {{fondato da}{fond\adddotspace da}},% FIXME: missing
 bycontinuator    = {{continuato da}{cont\adddotspace da}},% FIXME: missing: UNSURE
 bycollaborator   = {{in collaborazione con}{in coll\adddotspace con}},% FIXME: missing: UNSURE
 book             = {{libro}{lib\adddot}},% FIXME: missing: UNSURE
 part             = {{parte}{pt\adddot}},% FIXME: missing: UNSURE
 issue            = {{uscita}{uscita}},% FIXME: missing: UNSURE
 reprintas        = {{ristampato come}{rist\adddotspace come}},% FIXME: missing
 reprintfrom      = {{ristampato da}{rist\adddotspace da}},% FIXME: missing
% translationof    = {{traduzione di}{trad\adddotspace di}},% FIXME: missing
% translationas    = {{tradotto come}{trad\adddotspace come}},% FIXME: missing
 translationfrom  = {{tradotto da}{trad\adddotspace da}},% FIXME: missing
% reviewof         = {{recensione di}{rec\adddotspace di}},% FIXME: missing
% origpubas        = {{edizione originale}{ed\adddotspace orig\adddotspace}},% FIXME: missing: UNSURE
 origpubin        = {{originalmente pubblicato in}{orig\adddotspace pub\adddotspace in}},% FIXME: missing: UNSURE
% astitle          = {{come}{come}},% FIXME: missing
% bypublisher      = {{publicato da}{pubb\adddotspace da}},% FIXME: missing: UNSURE
% section          = {{sezione}{\S}},% FIXME: missing
% sections         = {{sezioni}{\S\S}},% FIXME: missing
 candthesis       = {{candidato}{cand\adddot}},% FIXME: missing
 software         = {{software}{software}},% FIXME: missing
 datacd           = {{CD-ROM}{CD-ROM}},% FIXME: missing
 audiocd          = {{audio CD}{audio CD}},% FIXME: missing
 urlfrom          = {{disponibile su}{disponibile su}},% FIXME: missing: UNSURE
 inpreparation    = {{in preparazione}{in preparazione}},% FIXME: missing
% submitted        = {{}{}},% FIXME: missing
 forthcoming      = {{in uscita}{in uscita}},% FIXME: missing
 prepublished     = {{pre-pubblicato}{pre-pubblicato}},% FIXME: missing: UNSURE
 thiscite         = {{specialmente}{spec\adddot}},% FIXME: missing: UNSURE
 langcatalan      = {{catalano}{catalano}},% FIXME: missing
 langcroatian     = {{croato}{croato}},% FIXME: missing
 langczech        = {{ceco}{ceco}},% FIXME: missing
 langestonian     = {{estone}{estone}},% FIXME: missing
 langfinnish      = {{finnico}{finnico}},% FIXME: missing
 langpolish       = {{polacco}{polacco}},% FIXME: missing
 langrussian      = {{russo}{russo}},% FIXME: missing
 langslovene      = {{sloveno}{sloveno}},% FIXME: missing
 fromcatalan      = {{dal catalano}{dal catalano}},% FIXME: missing
 fromcroatian     = {{dal croato}{dal croato}},% FIXME: missing
 fromczech        = {{dal ceco}{dal ceco}},% FIXME: missing
 fromestonian     = {{dall'estone}{dall'estone}},% FIXME: missing
 fromfinnish      = {{dal finnico}{dal finnico}},% FIXME: missing
 frompolish       = {{dal polacco}{dal polacco}},% FIXME: missing
 fromrussian      = {{dal russo}{dal russo}},% FIXME: missing
 fromslovene      = {{dallo sloveno}{dallo sloveno}},% FIXME: missing
 circa            = {{circa}{ca\adddot}},% FIXME: missing
 spring           = {{primavera}{prim\adddot}},% FIXME: missing
 summer           = {{estate}{est\adddot}},% FIXME: missing
 autumn           = {{autunno}{aut\adddot}},% FIXME: missing
 winter           = {{inverno}{inv\adddot}},% FIXME: missing
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \iffalse
%</italian-lbx>
% \fi
%
% \subsection{\file{english-philosophy.lbx}}
%
% \iffalse
%<*english-lbx>
% \fi
%    \begin{macrocode}
\InheritBibliographyExtras{english}

\DeclareBibliographyExtras{%
\protected\def\bibrangedash{%
    -\penalty\hyphenpenalty}%
  \protected\def\bibdatedash{\textendash}}%

\NewBibliographyString{opcited}

\DeclareBibliographyStrings{%
  inherit            =  {english},
%    \end{macrocode}
% New string:
%    \begin{macrocode}     
  opcited             =  {{op\adddotspace cit\adddot}{op\adddotspace cit\adddot}},
%    \end{macrocode}
% Redefined strings:
%    \begin{macrocode}     
  opcit              =  {{cit\adddot}{cit\adddot}},
  ibidem             =  {{ibid\adddot}{ibid\adddot}},
  loccit             =  {{ibid\adddot}{ibid\adddot}},
  translationas      =  {{trans\adddot}{trans\adddot}},
  withcommentator    =  {{commentary by}{comment\adddot\ by}},
  withannotator      =  {{annotations by}{annots\adddot\ by}},
  withintroduction   =  {{introduction by}{intro\adddot\ by}},
  withforeword       =  {{foreword by}{forew\adddot\ by}},
  withafterword      =  {{afterword by}{afterw\adddot\ by}}
  }
%    \end{macrocode}
% \iffalse
%</english-lbx>
% \fi
% \subsection{\file{spanish-philosophy.lbx}}
% Thanks to Eduardo Villegas for these translations.
% \iffalse
%<*spanish-lbx>
% \fi
%    \begin{macrocode}
% 
% Thanks to Eduardo Villegas for these translations.
% 
\InheritBibliographyExtras{spanish}

\DeclareBibliographyExtras{%
\protected\def\bibrangedash{%
    -\penalty\hyphenpenalty}%
  \protected\def\bibdatedash{\textendash}}%

\NewBibliographyString{opcited}

\DeclareBibliographyStrings{%
  inherit            =  {spanish},
%    \end{macrocode}
% New string:
%    \begin{macrocode}     
  opcited            = {{\'{o}p\adddotspace cit\adddot}{\'{o}p\adddot cit\adddot}},
%    \end{macrocode}
% Redefined strings:
%    \begin{macrocode}    
  opcit              =  {{cit\adddot}{cit\adddot}},
  ibidem             =  {{ivi}{ivi}},
  loccit             =  {{ibidem}{ibidem}},
  langspanish        =  {{espa\~{n}ol}{es\adddot}}, 
  editor             =  {{ed\adddot}{ed\adddot}},
  editors            =  {{ed\adddot}{eds\adddot}},
  byreviser          =  {{revisi\'{o}n de}{rev\adddotspace de}},
  reviewof           =  {{rese\~{n}a de}{rese\~{n}a de}},%%FIXME
  backrefpage        =  {{citado en la p\'{a}gina}{citado en la \bibsstring{page}\adddot}},%%FIXME
  backrefpages       =  {{citado en las p\'{a}ginas}{citado en las \bibsstring{pages}\adddot}},%%FIXME
  pages              =  {{p\'aginas}{\iftoggle{bbx:classical}{p\'ags\adddot}{p\'ag\adddot}}}, 
  columns            =  {{columnas}{\iftoggle{bbx:classical}{cols\adddot}{col\adddot}}},
  lines              =  {{l\'ineas}{\iftoggle{bbx:classical}{ll\adddot}{l\adddot}}},
  verses             =  {{versos}{\iftoggle{bbx:classical}{vv\adddot}{v\adddot}}},
  volumes            =  {{vol\'uumenes}{\iftoggle{bbx:classical}{vols\adddot}{vol\adddot}}},
  withcommentator    =  {{comentarios de}{com\adddotspace de}},
  withannotator      =  {{notas de}{notas de}},
  withintroduction   =  {{introducci\'{o}n de}{intr\adddotspace de}},
  withforeword       =  {{prefacio de}{pref\adddotspace de}},
  withafterword      =  {{postfacio de}{postfacio de}},
  translationof      =  {{traducci\'{o}n al espa\~{n}ol de}{trad\adddotspace de}},
  translationas      =  {{traducido al espa\~{n}ol como}{trad\adddotspace es\adddot}},
  origpubas          =  {{edici\'{o}n original}{ed\adddot orig\adddot}},  
  section            =  {{secci\'{o}n}{sec\adddot}},
  sections           =  {{secciones}{\iftoggle{bbx:classical}{secs\adddot}{sec\adddot}}}
}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \iffalse
%</spanish-lbx>
% \fi
% \iffalse
%<*bib>

@INCOLLECTION{Degani:2009,
  author = {Marta Degani and Elisabetta Adami and Anna Belladelli},
  title = {The Use of Modal Verbs in Interpersonal Contexts: From Semantics
  to Pragmatics},
  pages = {13-54},
  crossref = {Facchinetti:2009},
  date-added = {2009-12-15 16:50:20 +0100},
  date-modified = {2009-12-18 18:10:12 +0100},
  keywords = {esempio}
}

@INCOLLECTION{Facchinetti:2009a,
  author = {Roberta Facchinetti},
  title = {Subjectivity, (non-)subjectivity and intersubjectivity},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {35-44},
  note = {Note},
  crossref = {Facchinetti:2009},
  date-added = {2009-12-15 16:47:44 +0100},
  date-modified = {2012-04-15 17:05:04 +0200},
  keywords = {esempio}
}

@INCOLLECTION{Rossitto:1977,
  author = {Cristina Rossitto},
  title = {Opposizione e non contraddizione nella \emph{Metafisica} di Aristotele},
  pages = {43-69},
  annote = {Note that the \texttt{@collection} data (inherited from the \texttt{crossref}
  field) are printed inside the \texttt{@incollection} entry because
  this is the the only \texttt{@incollection} cited from that \texttt{@collection}},
  crossref = {Berti:1977},
  date-added = {2009-09-29 11:29:32 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:49:38 +0100},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {esempio}
}

@INCOLLECTION{Termini:2007,
  author = {Settimo Termini},
  title = {Vita morte e miracoli di Alan Mathison Turing},
  crossref = {Bartocci:2007},
  date-added = {2009-10-22 14:36:21 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:53:58 +0100},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {esempio}
}

@INBOOK{Spencer:1891b,
  pages = {74-144},
  title = {The Classification of the Sciences},
  volume = {2},
  booktitle = {Scientific, Political, \& Speculative},
  crossref = {Spencer:1891vol2}
}

@BOOK{aristotle:physics,
  title = {Physics},
  publisher = {G. P. Putnam},
  author = {Aristotle},
  annotation = {A \texttt{book} entry with a \texttt{translator} field},
  booktitle = {Physics},
  date = {1929},
  date-added = {2013-03-15 14:22:45 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 15:26:26 +0100},
  entrysubtype = {classic},
  hyphenation = {american},
  keywords = {primary,esempio},
  location = {New York},
  shorttitle = {Physics},
  translator = {Wicksteed, P. H. and Cornford, F. M.}
}

@INCOLLECTION{berto:sep-impossible-worlds,
  author = {Berto, Francesco},
  title = {Impossible Worlds},
  booktitle = {The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy},
  editor = {Edward N. Zalta},
  edition = {Fall 2009},
  annote = {An article published in a online ecnyclopedia},
  date = {2009},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:29:59 +0100},
  keywords = {esempio},
  url = {http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2009/entries/impossible-worlds/}
}

@BOOK{Bringhurst:1992,
  title = {The Elements of Typographic Style},
  publisher = {Hartley \& Marks Publisher Inc.},
  author = {Robert Bringhurst},
  booktitle = {The Elements of Typographic Style},
  date = {1991},
  date-added = {2012-04-19 20:54:38 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-13 23:30:27 +0100},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Vancouver, Canada}
}

@ONLINE{clawson:mla,
  annote = {\texttt{Biblatex-mla} provides support to Biblatex , BibTeX, and LaTeX for citations and Works. Cited lists in the style established by the Modern Language Association (MLA). For commands and options to change package defaults, see § 3.1 and § 3.2, respectively, below. MLA style, a common standard for writers in the humanities, is outlined in the MLA
    \emph{Style Manual}, in its 3\textsubscript{rd} edition, and the \emph{MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers}, now
    in its 8\textsubscript{th} edition. \texttt{Biblatex-mla} follows the style outlined in the latter of these. It also
    follows the logic of the MLA when citing similar material repeatedly, trimming unnecessary
    information from citations where necessary. \texttt{Biblatex-mla} is compatible with \texttt{Biblatex}’s
    support for \texttt{hyperref} and \texttt{tex4ht} , and the main word in each citation (either the author’s
    name, the title, or the page number) serves as a link to the particular entry in the Works
    Cited.},
  author = {James Clawson},
  date = {2010},
  date-added = {2012-04-18 11:51:47 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-13 22:02:08 +0100},
  keywords = {primaria},
  subtitle = {MLA Style Using biblatex},
  title = {\texttt{biblatex-mla}},
  url = {http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/biblatex-contrib/biblatex-mla/doc/biblatex-mla.pdf},
  version = {0.95}
}

@BOOKINBOOK{descartes:discours,
  annote = {A book published in a multivolume critical edition},
  author = {René Descartes},
  date = {1897/1913},
  date-added = {2010-03-06 00:26:39 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:36:37 +0100},
  editor = {Charles Adam and Paul Tannery},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Paris},
  maintitle = {Ouvres de Descartes},
  pages = {1-78},
  title = {Discours de la méthode},
  volume = {6},
  volumes = {12}
}

@mvbook{descartes:oeuvres,
  annote = {A critical multivolume edition},
  author = {René Descartes},
  date = {1897/},
  date-added = {2013-02-25 22:44:19 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:36:58 +0100},
  editor = {Charles Adam and Paul Tannery},
  hyphenation = {french},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Paris},
  title = {Oeuvres complètes},
  volumes = {13}
}

@BOOK{eco:2004,
  title = {La ricerca della lingua perfetta nella cultura europea},
  publisher = {Laterza},
  author = {Umberto Eco},
  edition = {4},
  booktitle = {La ricerca della lingua perfetta nella cultura europea},
  date = {2004},
  date-added = {2012-04-17 23:58:31 +0200},
  date-modified = {2012-04-21 16:58:15 +0200},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {primaria},
  location = {Roma-Bari},
  shorttitle = {La ricerca della lingua perfetta}
}

@BOOK{Frege,
  title = {Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik},
  publisher = {Meiner},
  author = {Frege, Gottlob},
  address = {Hamburg},
  annote = {Note the \texttt{pagination} field, used to change the string preceding
  the \texttt{postnote} argument of the citation commands},
  date = {1988},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:40:09 +0100},
  keywords = {esempio},
  pagination = {line},
  subtitle = {Eine logisch mathematische Untersuchung über den Begriff der Zahl}
}

@ONLINE{glibof:historian,
  annote = {The files \texttt{historian.bbx}, \texttt{historian.cbx}, and \texttt{historian.lbx} im-
    plement a bibliography and citation style for use with Philipp Lehman’s
    \texttt{biblatex} package. Historian follows the conventions of \emph{The Chicago
    Manual of Style}, as presented in Turabian’s \emph{Manual for Writers}. The
    style is designed for use by historians who need to generate detailed
    footnotes not only for ordinary books and articles, but also reprint edi-
    tions, correspondence, archives and archival documents, online sources,
    book reviews, unpublished manuscripts, and conference presentations.},
  author = {Sander Gliboff},
  date = {2010},
  date-added = {2012-04-18 11:49:37 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-13 23:38:14 +0100},
  hyphenation = {english},
  keywords = {primaria},
  subtitle = {A Footnotes-and-Bibliography Style, Following Turabian/Chicago Guidelines:
  For Use with the Biblatex System of Programmable Bibliographies and
  Citations},
  title = {User's Guide to \texttt{Historian}},
  url = {http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/biblatex-contrib/biblatex-historian/historian.pdf},
  version = {0.4}
}

@BOOK{guzman:sd,
  title = {Problemática logico-lingüística de la comunicacíon social con el
  pueblo Aymara},
  year = {s.d.},
  author = {Guzmán de Rojas, Iván},
  note = {mimeo},
  addendum = {Con los auspicios del Centro internacional de Investigacíones para
  el Desarrollo de Canada},
  annote = {A work without a pubblication date. The string \texttt{nodate} (localized)
  is automatically printed},
  date-added = {2012-04-17 23:48:05 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:40:38 +0100},
  keywords = {esempio},
  shorttitle = {Problemática}
}

@BOOK{heidegger:sz,
  title = {Sein und Zeit},
  publisher = {Max Niemeyer Verlag},
  author = {Martin Heidegger},
  edition = {18},
  annote = {Note the \texttt{library} field, use for some details about the first
  edition},
  booktitle = {Sein und Zeit},
  date = {2001},
  date-added = {2012-04-15 18:03:59 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:41:30 +0100},
  keywords = {esempio,volumesingolo},
  library = {Originally published in 1927 on the \emph{Jahrbuch für Philosophie 
  und phänomenologische Forschung (vol. VIII)}, directed by H. Husserl},
  location = {Tübingen}
}

@BOOKINBOOK{kant:kpv,
  annotation = {An edition of Kant's \emph{Collected Works}, volume five. This is
  an \texttt{inbook} entry which explicitly refers to the \emph{Critique
  of Practical Reason} only, not to the entire fifth volume. Note the
  \texttt{author} and \texttt{bookauthor} fields in the database file.
  By default, the \texttt{bookauthor} is omitted if the values of the
  \texttt{author} and \texttt{bookauthor} fields are identical},
  author = {Kant, Immanuel},
  bookauthor = {Kant, Immanuel},
  booktitle = {Kritik der praktischen Vernunft. Kritik der Urtheilskraft},
  date = {1968},
  date-added = {2013-02-28 09:42:31 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-13 22:56:41 +0100},
  hyphenation = {german},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Berlin},
  maintitle = {Kants Werke. Akademie Textausgabe},
  pages = {1-163},
  publisher = {Walter de Gruyter},
  shorthand = {KpV},
  shorttitle = {Kritik der praktischen Vernunft},
  title = {Kritik der praktischen Vernunft},
  volume = {5}
}

@BOOKINBOOK{kant:ku,
  annotation = {An edition of Kant's \emph{Collected Works}, volume five. This is
  an \texttt{inbook} entry which explicitly refers to the \emph{Critique
  of Judgment} only, not to the entire fifth volume},
  author = {Kant, Immanuel},
  bookauthor = {Kant, Immanuel},
  booktitle = {Kritik der praktischen Vernunft. Kritik der Urtheilskraft},
  date = {1968},
  date-added = {2013-02-25 22:44:19 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-13 22:57:07 +0100},
  hyphenation = {german},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Berlin},
  maintitle = {Kants Werke. Akademie Textausgabe},
  pages = {165-485},
  publisher = {Walter de Gruyter},
  shorthand = {KU},
  title = {Kritik der Urtheilskraft},
  volume = {5}
}

@BOOKINBOOK{kant:kpv:xref,
  author = {Kant, Immanuel},
  date = {1968},
  date-added = {2013-02-25 22:44:19 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 19:27:33 +0100},
  keywords = {esempio},
  pages = {1-163},
  shorttitle = {Kritik der praktischen Vernunft},
  title = {Kritik der praktischen Vernunft},
  volume = {5},
  xref = {kant:werke}
}

@BOOKINBOOK{kant:ku:xref,
  author = {Kant, Immanuel},
  date = {1968},
  date-added = {2013-02-28 09:42:34 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 19:27:38 +0100},
  hyphenation = {german},
  keywords = {esempio},
  pages = {165-485},
  title = {Kritik der Urtheilskraft},
  volume = {5},
  xref = {kant:werke}
}

@mvbook{kant:werke,
  author = {Kant, Immanuel},
  booktitle = {Kants Werke. Akademie Textausgabe},
  date = {1968},
  date-added = {2010-03-06 00:26:39 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 14:01:45 +0100},
  hyphenation = {german},
  keywords = {esempio, modern},
  location = {Berlin},
  maintitle = {Kants Werke. Akademie Textausgabe},
  publisher = {Walter de Gruyter},
  shorthand = {KW},
  title = {Kants Werke. Akademie Textausgabe},
  volumes = {9}
}

@mvbook{knuth:ct,
  annotation = {A five-volume book cited as a whole. This is a \texttt{book} entry,
  note the \texttt{volumes} field},
  author = {Knuth, Donald E.},
  date = {1984/1986},
  date-added = {2013-03-14 10:05:39 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-14 10:05:39 +0100},
  hyphenation = {american},
  indexsorttitle = {Computers & Typesetting},
  location = {Reading, Mass.},
  publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
  sorttitle = {Computers & Typesetting},
  sortyear = {1984-0},
  title = {Computers \& Typesetting},
  volumes = {5}
}

@BOOKINBOOK{knuth:ct:a,
  annotation = {The first volume of a five-volume book. Note the \texttt{sorttitle}
  and \texttt{sortyear} fields. We want this volume to be listed after
  the entry referring to the entire five-volume set. Also note the
  \texttt{indextitle} and \texttt{indexsorttitle} fields. Indexing
  packages that don't generate robust index entries require some control
  sequences to be protected from expansion},
  author = {Knuth, Donald E.},
  date = {1984},
  date-added = {2013-03-14 10:05:39 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-14 10:05:39 +0100},
  hyphenation = {american},
  indexsorttitle = {The TeXbook},
  indextitle = {\protect\TeX book, The},
  location = {Reading, Mass.},
  maintitle = {Computers \& Typesetting},
  publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
  shorttitle = {\TeX book},
  sorttitle = {Computers & Typesetting A},
  sortyear = {1984-1},
  title = {The \TeX book},
  volume = {A}
}

@BOOKINBOOK{knuth:ct:b,
  annotation = {The second volume of a five-volume book. Note the \texttt{sorttitle}
  and \texttt{sortyear} fields. Also note the \texttt{indexsorttitle}
  field},
  author = {Knuth, Donald E.},
  date = {1986},
  date-added = {2013-03-14 10:05:39 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-14 10:05:39 +0100},
  hyphenation = {american},
  indexsorttitle = {TeX: The Program},
  location = {Reading, Mass.},
  maintitle = {Computers \& Typesetting},
  publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
  shorttitle = {\TeX},
  sorttitle = {Computers & Typesetting B},
  sortyear = {1986-1},
  title = {\TeX: The Program},
  volume = {B}
}

@BOOKINBOOK{knuth:ct:c,
  annotation = {The third volume of a five-volume book. Note the \texttt{sorttitle}
  and \texttt{sortyear} fields as well as the \texttt{indextitle} field},
  author = {Knuth, Donald E.},
  date = {1986},
  date-added = {2013-03-14 10:05:39 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-14 10:05:39 +0100},
  hyphenation = {american},
  indextitle = {METAFONTbook, The},
  location = {Reading, Mass.},
  maintitle = {Computers \& Typesetting},
  publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
  shorttitle = {METAFONTbook},
  sorttitle = {Computers & Typesetting C},
  sortyear = {1986-2},
  title = {The METAFONTbook},
  volume = {C}
}

@BOOKINBOOK{knuth:ct:d,
  annotation = {The fourth volume of a five-volume book. Note the \texttt{sorttitle}
  and \texttt{sortyear} fields},
  author = {Knuth, Donald E.},
  date = {1986},
  date-added = {2013-03-14 10:05:39 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-14 10:05:39 +0100},
  hyphenation = {american},
  location = {Reading, Mass.},
  maintitle = {Computers \& Typesetting},
  publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
  shorttitle = {METAFONT},
  sorttitle = {Computers & Typesetting D},
  sortyear = {1986-3},
  title = {METAFONT: The Program},
  volume = {D}
}

@BOOKINBOOK{knuth:ct:e,
  annotation = {The fifth volume of a five-volume book. Note the \texttt{sorttitle}
  and \texttt{sortyear} fields},
  author = {Knuth, Donald E.},
  date = {1986},
  date-added = {2013-03-14 10:05:39 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-14 10:05:39 +0100},
  hyphenation = {american},
  location = {Reading, Mass.},
  maintitle = {Computers \& Typesetting},
  publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
  sorttitle = {Computers & Typesetting E},
  sortyear = {1986-4},
  title = {Computer Modern Typefaces},
  volume = {E}
}

@mvbook{comenio:oo,
  annote = {This author is known with his Latin name, given in the \texttt{nameaddon}
  field},
  author = {Jan Amos Komensky},
  booktitle = {Opera Omnia},
  date = {1969},
  date-added = {2012-04-19 20:20:03 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:32:24 +0100},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Praga},
  nameaddon = {Comenio},
  title = {Opera Omnia}
}

@ONLINE{kime:biber,
  annotation = {Biber is conceptually a Bib\TeX replacement for Biblatex. It is written in Perl
    with the aim of providing a customised and sophisticated data preparation backend
    for Biblatex. You do not need to install Perl to use Biber—binaries are provided
    for many operating systems via the main \TeX distributions (\TeX Live, Mac\TeX,
    MiK\TeX) and also via download from SourceForge. Functionally, Biber offers a
    superset of Bib\TeX’s capabilities but is tightly coupled with Biblatex and cannot
    be used as a stand-alone tool with standard .bst styles. Biber’s primary role is to
    support Biblatex by performing the following tasks:
    Parsing data from datasources; 
    Processing cross-references, entry sets, related entries; 
    Generating data for name, name list and name/year disambiguation; 
    Structural validation according to Biblatex data model; 
    Sorting reference lists; 
    Outputting data to a .bbl for Biblatex to consume},
  author = {Philip Kime and François Charette},
  title = {\texttt{biber}},
  subtitle = {A backend bibliography processor for biblatex},
  date = {2016-05-12},
  hyphenation = {english},
  keywords = {primaria},
  url = {http://biblatex-biber.sourceforge.net},
  version = {2.7}
}

@ONLINE{lehman:biblatex,
  annote = {This package provides advanced bibliographic facilities for use with LaTeX. The
    package is a complete reimplementation of the bibliographic facilities provided by
    LaTeX. The biblatex package works with the “backend” (program) biber, which
    is used to process BibTeX format data files and them performs all sorting, label
    generation (and a great deal more). Formatting of the bibliography is entirely con-
    trolled by TeX macros. Good working knowledge in LaTeX should be sufficient to
    design new bibliography and citation styles. This package also supports subdivided
    bibliographies, multiple bibliographies within one document, and separate lists of
    bibliographic information such as abbreviations of various fields. Bibliographies may
    be subdivided into parts and/or segmented by topics. Just like the bibliography styles,
    all citation commands may be freely defined. Features such as full Unicode support
    for bibliography data, customisable sorting, multiple bibliographies with different
    sorting, customisable labels and dynamic data modification are available},
  author = {Philipp Lehman},
  nameaddon = {with Philip Kime, Audrey Boruvka and Joseph Wright},
  date = {2016-11-16},
  hyphenation = {english},
  keywords = {primaria},
  subtitle = {Programmable Bibliographies and Citations},
  title = {The \texttt{biblatex} Package},
  url = {http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/biblatex/doc/biblatex.pdf},
  version = {3.7}
}

@ONLINE{babel,
  annote = {This manual describes babel, a package that makes
    use of the capabilities of TEX version 3 and, to some
    extent, xetex and luatex, to provide an environment
    in which documents can be typeset in a language
    other than US English, or in more than one language
    or script. However, no attempt has been done to take full
    advantage of the features provided by the latter,
    which would require a completely new core (as for
    example polyglossia or as part of \LaTeX 3)},
  author = {Johannes L. Braams},
  date = {2016-04-23},
  hyphenation = {english},
  keywords = {primaria},
  title = {Babel},
  url = {http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/babel/babel.pdf},
  version = {3.9r}
}

@ONLINE{polyglossia,
  annote = {Polyglossia is a package for facilitating multilingual typesetting with \XeLaTeX{} and
    (at an early stage) Lua\LaTeX. Basically, it can be used as an alternative to babel
    for performing the following tasks automatically:
    1. Loading the appropriate hyphenation patterns.
    2. Setting the script and language tags of the current font (if possible and
    available), via the package fontspec.
    3. Switching to a font assigned by the user to a particular script or language.
    4. Adjusting some typographical conventions according to the current lan-
    guage (such as afterindent, frenchindent, spaces before or after punctu-
    ation marks, etc.).
    5. Redefining all document strings (like “chapter”, “figure”, “bibliography”).
    6. Adapting the formatting of dates (for non-Gregorian calendars via external
    packages bundled with polyglossia: currently the Hebrew, Islamic and
    Farsi calendars are supported).
    7. For languages that have their own numbering system, modifying the
    formatting of numbers appropriately (this also includes redefining the al-
    phabetic sequence for non-Latin alphabets).
    8. Ensuring proper directionality if the document contains languages that are
    written from right to left (via the package bidi, available separately).},
  author = {François Charette},
  date = {2015-03-25},
  hyphenation = {english},
  keywords = {primaria},
  title = {Polyglossia: An Alternative to Babel for \XeLaTeX{} and Lua\LaTeX},
  url = {http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/babel/babel.pdf},
  version = {1.42.4}
}

@ONLINE{csquotes,
  annote = {This package provides advanced facilities for inline and display quotations. It is
    designed for a wide range of tasks ranging from the most simple applications to
    the more complex demands of formal quotations. The facilities include commands,
    environments, and user-definable ‘smart quotes’ which dynamically adjust to their
    context. Quotation marks are switched automatically if quotations are nested and
    can adjust to the current language. There are additional features designed to cope
    with the more specific demands of academic writing. All quote styles as well as the
    optional active quotes are freely configurable},
  author = {Philipp Lehman and Joseph Wright},
  date = {2017-02-03},
  hyphenation = {english},
  keywords = {primaria},
  subtitle = {Context Sensitive Quotation Facilities},
  title = {The \texttt{csquotes} Package},
  url = {http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/csquotes/csquotes.pdf},
  version = {5.2a}
}

@ARTICLE{Moore:1903:ORIGFIELDS,
  author = {George Edward Moore},
  title = {The refutation of idealism},
  pages = {433-453},
  number = {12},
  month = {5},
  annote = {An entry typeset using the depreciated \texttt{orig-} fields mechanism},
  date = {1903},
  date-added = {2010-03-06 00:26:39 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:43:29 +0100},
  hyphenation = {english},
  journaltitle = {Mind},
  keywords = {esempio},
  origdate = {1969},
  origlocation = {Torino},
  origpublisher = {UTET},
  origtitle = {La confutazione dell'idealismo},
  series = {N.S.},
  usera = {Il Neoempirismo},
  userb = {a cura di Alberto Pasquinelli},
  userc = {35-61}
}

@ARTICLE{Mori:2008,
  author = {Lapo F. Mori},
  title = {Gestire la bibliografia con \LaTeX},
  pages = {37-51},
  number = {6},
  month = {10},
  annote = {An article entry},
  booktitle = {Gestire la bibliografia con \LaTeX},
  date = {2008},
  date-added = {2009-10-13 13:50:34 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:43:37 +0100},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  journaltitle = {ArsTeXnica},
  keywords = {primaria}
}

@BOOK{pantieri:artelatex,
  title = {L'arte di scrivere con \LaTeX},
  author = {Lorenzo Pantieri and Tommaso Gordini},
  annote = {Lo scopo di questo lavoro, rivolto sia a chi muove i primi passiin \LaTeX{} sia a quanti già lo conoscono, è di offrire ai suoi utenti italiani le conoscenze essenziali per poterlo usare con successo. I concetti fondamentali della materia, raccolti da svariati manuali, vengono presentati nel modo più chiaro e organico possibile; nel contempo si fornisce un vasto campionario di esempi e si analizzano alcuni tipici problemi che potrebbero presentarsi nella redazione di una pubblicazione scientifica o professionale in italiano, indicando per ciascuno le soluzioni per noi migliori.},
  booktitle = {L'arte di scrivere con \LaTeX},
  date = {2011},
  date-added = {2010-03-06 00:26:39 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-13 22:04:30 +0100},
  foreword = {Enrico Gregorio},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {primaria},
  subtitle = {Un'introduzione a \LaTeX},
  url = {http://www.lorenzopantieri.net/LaTeX_files/ArteLaTeX.pdf}
}

@BOOK{Poincare:1968-ITA,
  title = {La scienza e l'ipotesi},
  publisher = {Bompiani},
  author = {Jules-Henri Poincaré},
  editor = {Corrado Sinigaglia},
  note = {testo greco a fronte},
  booktitle = {La science et l'hypothèse},
  date = {2003},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 19:07:03 +0100},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Milano}
}

@BOOK{Poincare:1968-ORIG,
  title = {La science et l'hypothèse},
  publisher = {Flammarion},
  author = {Jules-Henri Poincaré},
  annote = {A book entry followed by its translation, cross-referenced in the
  \texttt{related} field},
  booktitle = {La science et l'hypothèse},
  date = {1968},
  date-added = {2010-03-05 16:18:11 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 19:07:49 +0100},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Paris},
  related = {Poincare:1968-ITA}
}

@BOOK{popper-logik,
  title = {Logik der Forschung},
  publisher = {Springer},
  author = {Karl R. Popper},
  annote = {A book entry followed by two differents translations, cross-referenced
  in the \texttt{related} (biber 1.6 required)},
  booktitle = {Logik der Forschung},
  date = {1934},
  date-added = {2013-03-01 17:50:26 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:46:51 +0100},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Wien},
  related = {popper-logik:ing},
  timestamp = {2012.04.25}
}

@BOOK{popper-logik:ing,
  title = {The Logic of Scientific Discovery},
  publisher = {Hutchinson},
  author = {Karl R. Popper},
  edition = {3},
  booktitle = {The Logic of Scientific Discovery},
  date = {1959},
  date-added = {2013-03-01 17:55:40 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:48:11 +0100},
  keywords = {primaria,popper},
  location = {London},
  related = {popper-logik:ita},
  relatedstring={it. trans.},
  timestamp = {2012.04.25}
}

@BOOK{popper-logik:ita,
  title = {Logica della scoperta scientifica},
  publisher = {Einaudi},
  author = {Karl R. Popper},
  edition = {3},
  date = {1998},
  date-added = {2013-03-01 17:50:46 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:48:21 +0100},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {primaria,popper},
  location = {Torino},
  timestamp = {2012.04.25}
}

@BOOKINBOOK{Reale1987,
  address = {Milano},
  annote = {A book published in a multivolume work. Note the \texttt{titleaddon}
  field, used for the details about the chapter title},
  author = {Giovanni Reale},
  date = {1987},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:48:31 +0100},
  edition = {5},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {esempio},
  maintitle = {Storia della filosofia antica},
  pages = {458-493},
  publisher = {Vita e Pensiero},
  title = {Dalle origini a Socrate},
  titleaddon = {Appendice seconda: ``Precisazioni sulle caratteristiche fondamentali
  del concetto greco di filosofia''},
  volume = {1}
}

@mvbook{Spencer:1891,
  annote = {A multivolume work},
  author = {Herbert Spencer},
  date = {1891},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:53:06 +0100},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Edinburgh},
  publisher = {Williams {and} Norgate},
  title = {Essays},
  volumes = {3}
}

@book{Spencer:1891vol2,
  author = {Herbert Spencer},
  date = {1891},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Edinburgh},
  maintitle = {Essays},
  publisher = {Williams {and} Norgate},
  title = {Scientific, Political, \& Speculative},
  volume = {2}
}

@INCOLLECTION{Valbusa:2007,
  author = {Ivan Valbusa},
  title = {Psicologia e sistema in Alsted e in Wolff},
  booktitle = {Christian Wolff tra psicologia empirica e psicologia razionale},
  publisher = {Georg Olms Verlag},
  editor = {Ferdinando Luigi Marcolungo},
  date = {2007},
  date-added = {2009-09-27 23:17:07 +0200},
  date-modified = {2009-10-13 13:16:37 +0200},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Hildesheim and Zürich and London}
}

@ONLINE{wassenhoven:dw,
  annote = {A small collection of styles for the biblatex package.
  It was designed for citations in the Humanities and offers some features 
  that are not provided by the standard biblatex styles. biblatex-dw 
  is dependent on biblatex – version 1.7 needs at least version 3.3
  of biblatex and was tested with biblatex version 3.6 and biber version 2.6.},
  author = {Dominik Waßenhoven},
  date = {2011},
  date-added = {2013-03-13 21:58:04 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-13 22:05:36 +0100},
  keywords = {primaria},
  title = {\texttt{biblatex-dw}},
  url = {http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/biblatex-contrib/biblatex-dw/doc/biblatex-dw.pdf},
  version = {1.4}
}

@COLLECTION{Bartocci:2007,
  annote = {A collection with four authors},
  booksubtitle = {Protagonisti del '900 da Hilbert a Wiles},
  booktitle = {Vite matematiche},
  date = {2007},
  date-added = {2009-10-20 17:17:52 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:29:20 +0100},
  editor = {Claudio Bartocci and Renato Betti and Angelo Guerraggio and Roberto
  Lucchetti},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Milano},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag Italia},
  title = {Vite matematiche}
}

@COLLECTION{mate_einaudi:2007,
  booktitle = {La matematica},
  date = {2007/2011},
  date-added = {2012-04-15 17:10:54 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-13 23:30:00 +0100},
  editor = {Claudio Bartocci and Piergiorgio Odifreddi},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Torino},
  publisher = {Einaudi},
  title = {La matematica},
  volumes = {4}
}

@COLLECTION{Berti:1977,
  annote = {A collection with one author},
  booktitle = {La contraddizione},
  date = {1977},
  date-added = {2009-09-30 19:34:48 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:29:45 +0100},
  editor = {Enrico Berti},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Roma},
  publisher = {Città Nuova},
  title = {La contraddizione}
}

@COLLECTION{Filmed:2009,
  annote = {A collection with four editors. The list is automatically truncated
  in the citations},
  booktitle = {Filosofia delle medicina},
  date = {2009},
  date-added = {2009-09-27 23:05:08 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:37:44 +0100},
  editor = {Pierdaniele Giaretta and Antonio Moretto and Gian Franco Gensini
  and Marco Trabucchi},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Bologna},
  publisher = {il Mulino},
  subtitle = {Metodo, modelli, cura ed errori},
  title = {Filosofia delle medicina},
  volumes = {2}
}

@INCOLLECTION{corrocher:2009,
  author = {Roberto Corrocher},
  title = {Riflessioni sull'uomo di fronte a nuove sfide},
  pages = {27-42},
  annote = {An \texttt{@incollection} entry. The \texttt{@collection} is automatically
    printed in the bibliography because another \texttt{@incollection}
    has been cited},
  crossref = {Filmed:2009},
  date-added = {2010-03-06 00:26:39 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:33:22 +0100},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {esempio},
  read = {0}
}

@INCOLLECTION{federspil:2009,
  author = {Giovanni Federspil and Roberto Vettor},
  title = {Medicina: un unico metodo e una sola argomentazione?},
  pages = {43-74},
  annote = {An \texttt{@incollection} entry. The \texttt{@collection} is automatically
    printed in the bibliography because another \texttt{@incollection}
    has been cited},
  crossref = {Filmed:2009},
  date-added = {2010-03-06 00:26:39 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:37:35 +0100},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {esempio}
}

@COLLECTION{Pasquinelli:1969,
  booktitle = {Il Neoempirismo},
  date = {1969},
  date-added = {2009-09-27 01:21:58 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:44:07 +0100},
  editor = {Alberto Pasquinelli},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Torino},
  publisher = {UTET},
  title = {Il Neoempirismo}
}

@MVREFERENCE{britannica,
  annote = {A multivolume encyclopedia. Note the \texttt{useeditor=false} option
  and \texttt{indextitle} field},
  booktitle = {The New Encyclopædia Britannica},
  date = {2003},
  date-added = {2010-03-10 17:46:47 +0100},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:31:11 +0100},
  edition = {15},
  editor = {Preece, Warren E.},
  hyphenation = {british},
  indextitle = {Encyclopædia Britannica, The New},
  keywords = {esempio},
  label = {EB},
  location = {Chicago, Ill.},
  options = {useeditor=false},
  publisher = {Encyclopædia Britannica},
  shorttitle = {Encyclopædia Britannica},
  sorttitle = {Encyclopædia Britannica},
  title = {The New Encyclopædia Britannica},
  volumes = {32}
}

@COLLECTION{Facchinetti:2009,
  booktitle = {Studies on English Modality},
  date = {2009},
  date-added = {2009-12-15 16:13:17 +0100},
  date-modified = {2012-04-15 17:02:57 +0200},
  editor = {Anastasios Tsangalidis and Roberta Facchinetti},
  keywords = {esempio},
  location = {Bern},
  publisher = {Peter Lang},
  title = {Studies on English Modality}
}

@REFERENCE{SEP,
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://plato.stanford.edu/},
  booktitle = {The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy},
  date = {2009},
  date-added = {2010-04-12 14:15:35 +0200},
  date-modified = {2010-04-12 16:35:03 +0200},
  editor = {Zalta, Edward N.},
  keywords = {esempio},
  label = {SEP},
  options = {useeditor=false},
  sorttitle = {Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy},
  title = {The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy},
  url = {http://plato.stanford.edu/}
}

@ONLINE{ctan,
  annote = {Note the \texttt{urldate} field and the \texttt{label} field, used
  for the citations.},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://www.ctan.org},
  date = {2006},
  date-added = {2011-06-02 17:33:32 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:35:26 +0100},
  hyphenation = {american},
  keywords = {esempio, web},
  label = {CTAN},
  subtitle = {The Comprehensive TeX Archive Network},
  title = {CTAN},
  url = {http://www.ctan.org},
  urldate = {2006-10-01}
}

@ONLINE{guit:sito,
  annote = {A Web site},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://www.guitex.org},
  date = {2012},
  date-added = {2012-04-21 16:52:51 +0200},
  date-modified = {2013-03-15 16:40:18 +0100},
  hyphenation = {italian},
  keywords = {esempio, web},
  title = {GuIT. Gruppo degli Utilizzatori Italiani di \TeX},
  url = {http://www.guitex.org},
  urldate = {2012-01-15}
}
%</bib>
% \fi
% \Finale
