% multisample.tex
\documentclass{book}

\usepackage{makeidx}
\usepackage[multind]{robustindex}
\usepackage{robustglossary}
\usepackage[plainpages=false,hyperindex=false]{hyperref}


\title {A file with several indexes}

\author{Wilberd van der Kallen\index{Wilberd}}
\date{2017}

\makeindex    % obligatory with robustindex
\makeglossary % obligatory with robustglossary
\begin{document}

\renewcommand\thepage{\roman{page}}


\setindex{b1}


\maketitle

\tableofcontents
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Contents}




\chapter*{Preface}

\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Preface}
\markboth{Preface}{Preface}
This file illustrates some features of the \verb!robustindex! package with option \verb!multind!. This option
 supports multiple indexes, albeit in a plain style only.

Although this is not a book, we have chosen the book style for illustration.
Let us say we want to use four indexes. First we choose tags to identify them.
In this file we use the tags \verb|main|, \verb|bis|, \verb|a1|, \verb|b1|.
With the \verb!\setindex! command we activate an index.
Thus \verb!\setindex{main}! tells \LaTeX\ that the active index is now the index identified by the tag
\verb|main|, until the next \verb!\setindex! command. If a tag has not been encountered 
before, then a new index with that tag is created. The tag \verb|main| is always known and
the index with tag \verb|main|  becomes active at the \verb|\begin{document}|.
The \verb!\index! command and
the \verb|\printindex| commands write to/from the active index.
This is all you need to know about the option \verb!multind!.\\

If you wish you may use \verb!\sindex[bis]{!\emph{entry}\verb!}! as shorthand for\\

\hspace{5em} \verb!\setindex{bis}\index{!\emph{entry}\verb!}!\\
 
and \verb!\sindex{!\emph{entry}\verb!}! as shorthand for\\

 \hspace{5em} \verb!\setindex{main}\index{!\emph{entry}\verb!}!.\\


To see how option \verb|multind| may be used, you may also compare the file
\verb|multisample.tex| with the output.

This preface has an \emph{indexed term}.\setindex{b1}\index{indexed term} (You see this in the source file only.)

\chapter{Introduction}\sloppy
\renewcommand\thepage{\arabic{page}}
\addtocounter{page}{-2}% Just to get overlap in roman and arabic page numbers.
This introduction has another indexed term 
\setindex{a1}
\index{other term!cited twice on same page}%
as well as the old indexed term.\setindex{b1}\index{indexed term}
The page number is again 5, but now in arabic.
If you index the same term twice on the same page, then one simply gets
a repeat in the index.\setindex{a1}\index{other term!cited twice on same page}
That is inherent in our method.
Indeed we had to disable the implicit page range formation of makeindex.

Of course the index file {\it filename}.\texttt{ind}
may be edited to remedy such flaws, but our hacking has made this file pretty unreadable. 
Use the option \verb!multind! only if you are willing to keep the indexes simple. Even without editing the index file
one may create complicated effects like the page ranges on
page \pageref{range}, which use several fonts in their page numbers.
That is bad style, but it is possible. Note that if you open a page range you must close
it again with the same index active as when you opened the range.

We have hacked various mechanisms of makeindex. 
Subentries are still supported. We illustrate this in
\verb|multisample.tex| and appendix \ref{appendix} with alpha, beta and gamma.
This also illustrates the use of \verb|\gobblepageref|.
\setindex{a1}\index{alpha!see beta}
\index{alpha!see also gamma\gobblepageref}

After running \LaTeX\ on {\it filename}.\verb!tex! one must run makeindex on {\it
filename} to get the index entries in {\it filename}.\texttt{ind}.
Before this there may be error messages about labels or names.
Do not exclude any relevant files. For instance, do not use
\verb|\includeonly|.

The package \verb|hyperref| may break our code. Therefore
one must use the option
\verb|hyperindex=false|, as in
\verb|\usepackage[hyperindex=false]{hyperref}|.
Note that \verb|robustindex| already puts
hyperlinks in the index. Alternatively one may go against the advice of
\verb|hyperref| and put \verb|robustindex| later in the preamble.
In the file \verb|multisample.tex| we actually used
\verb|\usepackage[plainpages=false,hyperindex=false]{hyperref}|
because of the roman page numbers in the beginning.

\setindex{b1}\index{page range!risky@this $\vert$is$\vert$ complicated|(textbf}%
\index{page range|(textbf}%
\index{page range!risky@this $\vert$is$\vert$ complicated|textbf}%
\index{page range!risky@this $\vert$is$\vert$ complicated}%
\index{page range!risky@this $\vert$is$\vert$ complicated|textbf}%
%
\index{simpler!page range|(}%
\index{simplest page range|(}%

\appendix
\chapter{Structure of the \LaTeX\ file}\label{appendix}
\begin{verbatim}
\documentclass{book}

\usepackage{makeidx}
\usepackage[multind]{robustindex}
...
...\author{Wilberd van der Kallen\index{Wilberd}} 
...
\makeindex    % obligatory with robustindex

\begin{document}
...
\tableofcontents
...\index{indexed term}                          % on page v
...
...\index{other term!cited twice on same page}   % on page 5
...\index{indexed term}                          % on page 5
...\index{other term!cited twice on same page}   % on page 5
...
\setindex{a1}\index{alpha!see beta}              % on page 5          
\index{alpha!see also gamma\gobblepageref}       % on page 5
...
...
\indexincontents %  before the index.
\setindex{main}
\printindex

\renewcommand{\indexname}{Index bis}
....
\end{document}
\end{verbatim}

\index{c1int@as! t@is}

\index{998b@998}

\index{997b@tris}

\setindex{main}\index{alpha}

\setindex{a1}\index{gamma}

\setindex{bis}\index{bis}

\setindex{main}\index{hier@vardelta}

%\setindex{main}\index{hier@animal!than@fish}
\setindex{main}\index{hier@animal!than@fish}

\setindex{main}\index{hier@animal!ruminant!cow}

\setindex{main}\index{time!here@now}


\setindex{b1}\index{page range!risky@this $\vert$is$\vert$ complicated|)textit}

\chapter{Purpose of \texttt{robustindex.sty}}\label{purpose}
Amazingly often a third party changes the page numbers without rerunning
makeindex. It is much nicer to have indexes that adapt themselves to all
changes that do not involve
\verb|\index{|\textit{entry}\verb|}| commands.

The package achieves this
by invoking the \verb|\pageref| mechanism on automatically generated labels
of the form \verb|ind.2|, \verb|ind.4|, \dots.

Only after adding/deleting/modifying an \verb|\index{|\textit{entry}\verb|}|
command, or after changing the order of \verb|\index{|\textit{entry}\verb|}|
commands, does one have to run makeindex. But then it is important that you
do run makeindex, even when no warning is issued. The robustness has its
limits.

With option \verb!multind! the package supports multiple indexes. But one still works with the standard compilation sequence\\
latex \emph{filename}.tex, makeindex \emph{filename}, latex \emph{filename}.tex.

\index{page range|)textit}%
%\setindex{b1}\index{page range!risky@this $\vert$is$\vert$ complicated|texttt}
\sindex[b1]{page range!risky@this $\vert$is$\vert$ complicated|texttt}

%
\setindex{b1}\index{page range!with risky label\label{range}}
% This label actually works and was used above in a \pageref{range} command.
%
\index{simpler!page range|)}%
\index{simplest page range|)}%
% Let us pretend this page explains $\mathrm{Ext}^i_B(M,N)$.
\glossary{$\mathrm{Ext}^i_B(M,N)$&Ext group in the category $\mathcal C_B$}

% Let us pretend this page explains $H^0(X,\mathcal L)$.
\glossary{$H^0(X,\mathcal L)$&the sections of the vector bundle
$\mathcal L|_X$ over $X$}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%    Our glossary entries are given in the format
%    \glossaryentry{$B$&Borel subgroup}{page number}
%    which would be generated by \glossary{$B$&Borel subgroup}
%    and written into the filename.glo file.
%    So the & separates the formula from its explanation.
%    We assume the explanation fits on the line.
%
%    Our implementation:

\def\itemamp#1&#2{%
   \mbox{%
      \hbox to 10em{%
         #1%        the formula
         \hss
      }%
   }%
     #2%        its explanation
}%

\def\glossaryentry#1#2{%
   {\itemamp #1{\unskip, #2}%
   }\par
}%

\newenvironment{theglossary}{\parindent0pt\parskip0pt}{}

\chapter*{Glossary of Notations}

\begin{theglossary}\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Glossary of Notations}

% Now we copy from filename.glo, making changes as appropriate.
% In this example we just changed the order of the entries.

\glossaryentry{$H^0(X,\mathcal L)$&the sections of the vector bundle $\mathcal
L
|_X$ over $X$}{\glopageref{4}}

\glossaryentry{$\mathrm{Ext}^i_B(M,N)$&Ext group in the category $\mathcal
C_B$}
{\glopageref{2}}

\end{theglossary}

% If you want the index in the table of contents, you may do
%
% \clearpage
% \phantomsection
% \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\indexname}
%
% We have a command for this:

\indexincontents % before \printindex

\let\oldpage\newpage

%\def\newpage{\relax}

\renewcommand{\indexname}{Index}
\setindex{main}
\printindex

\renewcommand{\indexname}{Index bis}
\setindex{bis}
\printindex

\renewcommand{\indexname}{Index with tag a1}
\setindex{a1}
\printindex

\renewcommand{\indexname}{Index with tag b1}
\setindex{b1}
\printindex

\chapter*{Indexes get plain layout}\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Indexes get plain layout}
Our option \verb!multind!  breaks yet another mechanisms of makeindex.
Recall that \verb!robustindex! breaks automatic page ranges. The option \verb!multind! prevents
makeindex from  inserting 
 \verb!\indexspace! commands at appropriate points in the index file.
This makes the layout of an index more plain.
Let us compare the index produced by \verb!\robustmanual.tex! with the same index produced
after the package 
\verb!robustindex! is called with the option \verb!multind!.
Curiously the order changes a little too. 
To get them in the same order replace \verb!\index{Wilberd}! with \verb!\index{wilberd@Wilberd}!.

\renewcommand{\indexname}{First without option }
\begin{theindex}

  \item alpha, 1
    \subitem see also gamma
    \subitem see beta, 2
  \item \&, {\textbf2}

  \indexspace

  \item discussion, 1--2

  \indexspace

  \item gamma, {\textbf2}

  \indexspace

  \item Wilberd, 1

\end{theindex}

\renewcommand{\indexname}{Next with option \texttt {multind} }
\setindex{main}
\begin{theindex}

\item Wilberd, 1


  \item alpha, 1
    \subitem see also gamma
    \subitem see beta, 2
  \item \&, {\textbf2}


  \item discussion, 1--2

  

  \item gamma, {\textbf2}

 
  
\end{theindex}

\end{document}
