% main=manual.tex \section{Reference} \subsection{The axis--environments} There are four axis environments, \begin{enumerate} \item The axis environment for normal plots, \begin{lstlisting} \begin{axis} ... \end{axis} \end{lstlisting} \item The axis environment for logarithmic scaling of~$x$ and normal scaling of~$y$, \begin{lstlisting} \begin{semilogxaxis} ... \end{semilogxaxis} \end{lstlisting} \item The axis environment for normal scaling of~$x$ and logarithmic scaling of~$y$, \begin{lstlisting} \begin{semilogyaxis} ... \end{semilogyaxis} \end{lstlisting} \item The axis environment for logarithmic scaling of both, $x$~and~$y$ axes, \begin{lstlisting} \begin{loglogaxis} ... \end{loglogaxis} \end{lstlisting} \end{enumerate} They are all equivalent to \begin{lstlisting} \begin{axis}[ xmode=log|normal, ymode=log|normal] ... \end{axis} \end{lstlisting} with properly set variables `\texttt{xmode}' and `\texttt{ymode}' (see below). \subsection{Available markers} \label{sec:markers}% The following options of \Tikz\ may be useful for plots. \subsubsection{Markers} This list is copied from~\cite[section~29]{tikz}: \begingroup \newenvironment{longdescription}[0]{% \begin{list}{}{% \leftmargin=4.3cm \setlength{\labelwidth}{4.3cm}% \renewcommand{\makelabel}[1]{\hfill\textbf{\texttt{##1}}}% }% }{% \end{list}% }% \def\showit#1{% \tikz\draw[% gray, thin, mark options={fill=yellow!80!black,draw=black,scale=2}, x=0.8cm,y=0.3cm, #1] plot coordinates {(0,0) (1,1) (2,0) (3,1)};% }% \begin{longdescription} \item[mark=*] \showit{mark=*} \item[mark=x] \showit{mark=x} \item[mark=+] \showit{mark=+} \end{longdescription} And with \lstinline!\usetikzlibrary{plotmarks}!: \begin{longdescription} \item[mark=$-$] \showit{mark=-} \item[mark=$|$] \showit{mark=|} \item[mark=o] \showit{mark=o} \item[mark=asterisk] \showit{mark=asterisk} \item[mark=star] \showit{mark=star} \item[mark=oplus] \showit{mark=oplus} \item[mark=oplus*] \showit{mark=oplus*} \item[mark=otimes] \showit{mark=otimes} \item[mark=otimes*] \showit{mark=otimes*} \item[mark=square] \showit{mark=square} \item[mark=square*] \showit{mark=square*} \item[mark=triangle] \showit{mark=triangle} \item[mark=triangle*] \showit{mark=triangle*} \item[mark=diamond] \showit{mark=diamond} \item[mark=diamond*] \showit{mark=diamond*} \item[mark=pentagon] \showit{mark=pentagon} \item[mark=pentagon*] \showit{mark=pentagon*} \end{longdescription} All these options have been drawn with the additional options \begin{lstlisting} \draw[ gray, thin, mark options={scale=2,fill=yellow!80!black,draw=black}] \end{lstlisting} \subsubsection{Line styles} \def\showit#1{% \tikz\draw[% black, x=0.8cm,y=0.3cm, #1] plot coordinates {(0,0) (1,1) (2,0) (3,1)};% }% The following line styles are predefined in \Tikz: \begin{longdescription} \item[style=solid] \showit{style=solid} \item[style=dotted] \showit{style=dotted} \item[style=densely dotted] \showit{style=densely dotted} \item[style=loosely dotted] \showit{style=loosely dotted} \item[style=dashed] \showit{style=dashed} \item[style=densely dashed] \showit{style=densely dashed} \item[style=loosely dashed] \showit{style=loosely dashed} \end{longdescription} You may need the option \lstinline!mark options={solid}! to avoid dotted or dashed marker boundaries. The string ``\texttt{style=}'' can be omitted. \endgroup \subsection{\texttt{\textbackslash addplot[OPTIONS] PATH}} This is the main plotting command. It is used as \begin{lstlisting} \addplot plot coordinates { (0,0) (1,1) }; \end{lstlisting} or \begin{lstlisting} \addplot[color=blue,mark=*] plot coordinates { (0,0) (1,1) }; \end{lstlisting} The first syntax chooses the next unused plot specification of the list \lstinline!\autoplotspeclist! (see below) and the second syntax specifies a plot specification explicitly. This specification will be used inside of the legend (if any). \noindent Some more details: \begin{itemize} \item \lstinline!\addplot! is a shortcut for \lstinline!\draw[OPTIONS]!, that means anything up to the next semicolon is part of a \PGF-path. The semicolon is required. \item The \texttt{OPTIONS} are remembered for the legend. \item See subsection~\ref{sec:markers} for a list of available markers and line styles. \item You can modify \texttt{OPTIONS} with \begin{lstlisting}[gobble=1] \tikzstyle{every axis plot}=[...] \end{lstlisting} \item For log plots, \PGFPlots\ will compute the natural logarithm $\log(\cdot)$ numerically. This works with normal fixed point numbers or in scientific notation. For example, the following numbers are valid input to \lstinline!\addplot!. \begin{lstlisting} \begin{loglogaxis} \addplot plot coordinate { (769, 1.6227e-04) (1793, 4.4425e-05) (4097, 1.2071e-05) (9217, 3.2610e-06) (1e6, 0.00003341) (2.3e7, 0.00131415) ; \end{loglogaxis} \end{lstlisting} You can represent arbirtrarily small or very large numbers as long as its logarithm can be represented as a \TeX-length (up to about~$16384$). Of course, any coordinate~$x\le 0$ is not possible since the logarithm of a non-positive number is not defined. Such coordinates will be skipped automatically. \item As a consequence of the coordinate parsing routines, you can't use the mathematical expression parsing method of \PGF\ as coordinates. \item If you did not specify axis limits for $x$ and $y$ manually, \lstinline!\addplot! will compute them automatically. The automatic computation of axis limits works as follows: \begin{enumerate} \item In case of \lstinline!\addplot plot coordinates {...};!, every coordinate will be checked. Any other \Tikz-plot mode is not (yet) supported (had no time yet). \item Since more than one \lstinline!\addplot! command may be used inside an \lstinline!\begin{axis}...\end{axis}!, all drawing commands will be postponed until \lstinline!\end{axis}!. See the \lstinline!\axispath!-command for more information about automatic axis limits and the postponed drawing. \end{enumerate} \end{itemize} \subsection{\texttt{\textbackslash axispath...;}} This command allows to draw custom content into an axis. The argument to \lstinline!\axispath! may be any \Tikz-command like \begin{lstlisting} \axispath\node at (12.14368,-9.30872) {}; \end{lstlisting} or \begin{lstlisting} \axispath\draw (12.14368,-9.30872) -- (0,1); \end{lstlisting} A useful example is presented in section~\ref{sec:annot:plot} where annotations are placed near some data points. The \lstinline!\axispath! command is necessary to communicate drawing commands to \PGFPlots. If \PGFPlots\ needs to determine the $x$~and/or~$y$ limits automatically, any plotting commands (including those with \lstinline!\axispath!) will be postponed until \lstinline!\end{axis}!. A missing \lstinline!\axispath! may corrupt your graphics because the clipping area may not yet be known. \subsection{\texttt{\textbackslash addlegendentry\{name\}}} Adds a single legend entry to the legend list. Example: \begin{lstlisting} \begin{axis} \addplot[smooth,mark=*,blue] plot coordinates { (0,2) (2,3) (3,1) }; \addlegendentry{Case 1} \addplot[smooth,color=red,mark=x] plot coordinates { (0,0) (1,1) (2,1) (3,2) }; \addlegendentry{Case 2} \end{axis} \end{lstlisting} The outcome of this listing is shown in figure~\ref{fig:addlegendentry}. \begin{figure} \centering \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis} \addplot[smooth,mark=*,blue] plot coordinates { (0,2) (2,3) (3,1) }; \addlegendentry{Case 1} \addplot[smooth,color=red,mark=x] plot coordinates { (0,0) (1,1) (2,1) (3,2) }; \addlegendentry{Case 2} \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \caption{An example for the \texttt{\textbackslash addlegendentry} command}% \label{fig:addlegendentry}% \end{figure}% It does not matter where \lstinline!\addlegendentry! commands are placed, only the sequence matters. You will need one \lstinline!\addlegendentry! for every \lstinline!\addplot! command. You may also consider the command \lstinline!\legend!. It also accepts several formatting options. \subsection{\texttt{\textbackslash legend[OPTIONS]\{LIST\}}} \label{sec:legenddef}% You can use \begin{lstlisting} \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis} ... \legend{$d=2$\\$d=3$\\$d=4$\\$d=5$\\$d=6$\\} ... \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{lstlisting} to assign a complete legend. The \lstinline!\legend! command takes the following arguments: \begin{lstlisting} \legend[OPTIONS]{TEXT1\\TEXT2\\TEXT3\\...\\} \end{lstlisting} where each legend element needs to be terminated by \lstinline!\\!. If \texttt{LIST} is empty, the current legend will not be touched (see \lstinline!\addlegendentry!). The short marker/line combination shown in legends is acquired from the argument to \lstinline!\addplot[...]!. \subsubsection{Legend appearance} The style ``\texttt{every axis legend}'' determines the legend's position and outer appearance: \begin{lstlisting} \tikzstyle{every axis legend}+=[ at={(0,0)}, anchor=south west] \end{lstlisting} will draw it at the lower left corner of the axis while \begin{lstlisting} \tikzstyle{every axis legend}+=[ at={(1,1)}, anchor=north east] \end{lstlisting} means the upper right corner. The `\texttt{anchor}' option determines which point \emph{of the legend} will be placed at $(0,0)$ or $(1,1)$ (see below for more examples). The legend is a node, so you can use any \Tikz\ option which affects nodes (see~\cite[section~13]{tikz}). The node's option ``\texttt{text width}'' is set automatically, depending on the \lstinline!\legend[textwidth=...]! option. Examples: \begin{itemize} \item \begin{lstlisting} \tikzstyle{every axis legend}+=[ at={(1.02,1)}, anchor=north west] \end{lstlisting} draws the legend OUTSIDE TOP RIGHT. \item \begin{lstlisting} \tikzstyle{every axis legend}+=[ at={(1,0.5)}, anchor=east,outer sep=0.5cm] \end{lstlisting} draws the legend INSIDE MIDDLE RIGHT, separated by 0.5cm from the axis. \end{itemize} \noindent The default is \begin{lstlisting} \tikzstyle{every axis legend}=[% anchor=north east,% shape=rectangle,% fill=white,% draw=black, at={(0.98,0.98)} ] \end{lstlisting} \subsubsection{Legends Options} \subsubsection*{textwidth=auto$|$none$|$DIMENSION} Assigns a width to the legend. Choices are \begin{description} \item[auto] Determines the width automatically; \item[none] does not perform any line breaking; \item[DIMENSION] uses a fixed width like \lstinline!2cm! for the (total) legend (including the small marker/line combination). \end{description} Default is ``\texttt{auto}''. \subsubsection*{font=COMMANDS} Changes the legend font. Examples: \begin{itemize} \item \lstinline!font=\Huge! \item \lstinline!font={\Huge\bfseries}! \end{itemize} Please note that the \Tikz\ option ``\texttt{font}'' will also be used, so you can also say \begin{lstlisting} \tikzstyle{every axis legend}+=[font=\Huge] \end{lstlisting} to get the same effect. The difference is that I didn't figure out how to determine the legend's width without a legend option. \subsection{\texttt{\textbackslash autoplotspeclist}} Allows to specify a list of plot specifications which will be used for each \lstinline!\addplot!-command without explicit plot specification. There are several possiblities to change it: \begin{enumerate} \item Use one of the predefined lists, \begin{lstlisting} \listcopy\coloredplotspeclist\to\autoplotspeclist% \listcopy\blackwhiteplotspeclist\to\autoplotspeclist% \end{lstlisting} \item Define your own one, \begin{lstlisting} \listnew{\autoplotspeclist}{% blue,mark=*\\% red,mark=square\\% dashed,mark=o\\% loosely dotted,mark=+\\% brown!60!black,mark options={fill=brown!40},mark=otimes*\\% } \end{lstlisting} (This example list requires \lstinline!\usetikzlibrary{plotmarks}!). \end{enumerate} Please note that the `\lstinline!\\!' is required to separate each element. Please note that comment characters~`\%' are necessary if the elements are on different lines. \subsection{\texttt{\textbackslash logtologten\{ARG\}}} Expands to the result of $\texttt{ARG}/\log(10)$. You can also use \begin{lstlisting} \logtologtentomacro{9.5}{\result} \end{lstlisting} and \lstinline!\result! will be filled with the result. \subsection{\texttt{\textbackslash logten}} Expands to the constant $\log(10)$. Useful for logplots because $\log(10^i) = i\log(10)$. \subsection{\texttt{\textbackslash prettyprintnumber\{NUM\}}} Allows to generate pretty--printed output for the number \texttt{NUM}. Examples: \begin{lstlisting} \prettyprintnumber{1.0} \prettyprintnumber{151.015341} \prettyprintnumber{90.99999} \end{lstlisting} results in \prettyprintnumber{1.0}, \prettyprintnumber{151.015341}, \prettyprintnumber{90.99999}. It is used to display axis ticks. The default rounding precision is defined by \begin{lstlisting} \def\prettyprintnumberprecision{2} \end{lstlisting} and can be reconfigured if needed (the highest precision is~$5$ due to \TeX's restricted numerical capabilities). \subsection{\texttt{\textbackslash axispreset\{key=value,key=value\}}} Allows to define default options for any axis. For example, \begin{lstlisting} ... \axispreset{width=\textwidth}% ... \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis} ... \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{lstlisting} will produce a width of \lstinline!\textwidth! for any following axis. You can preset any of the \texttt{axis}-options described below. \subsection{\texttt{\textbackslash legendpreset\{key=value,key=value\}}} Allows to define default options for any legend (See \lstinline!\axispreset!, it works in the same way.). \subsection{Axis options} There are several required and even more optional arguments to modify axes. They are used like \begin{lstlisting} \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[key=value,key2=value2] ... \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{lstlisting} The overall appeareance can be changed with \begin{lstlisting} \tikzstyle{every axis}=[line width=1pt] \end{lstlisting} for example. \subsubsection*{\texttt{xmin=COORD}, \texttt{xmax=COORD}, \texttt{ymin=COORD}, \texttt{ymax=COORD}} These options denote the axis limits, i.e. the lower left and the upper right corner. Some remarks \begin{itemize} \item The axis limits determine the plotted range. Everything else will be clipped away. \item The width of every unit $x$-coordinate will be scaled such that the plot has width \lstinline!\axisdefaultwidth! (including the tick- and axis labels). The height of every unit $y$-coordinate will be scaled such that the plot has height \lstinline!\axisdefaultheight!. You can override this default behavior with the options \lstinline!width=DIMEN!, \lstinline!height=DIMEN!, \lstinline!x=DIMEN! and \lstinline!y=DIMEN!, see below. \item If one of \lstinline!xmin! or \lstinline!xmax! is missing, the $x$-interval will be determined automatically (see \lstinline!\addplot!). The same holds true if one of \lstinline!ymin! or \lstinline!ymax! is missing: in this case, the $y$-interval will be determined automatically. \item The option \lstinline!enlargelimits! will automatically increase the plotted range. \end{itemize} \subsubsection*{\texttt{xlabel=TEXT}, \texttt{ylabel=TEXT}} Changes the axis labels to `\texttt{TEXT}' which is any \LaTeX\ text. Use `\lstinline!{TEXT}!' if you need grouping. Labels are \Tikz-Nodes which are placed with \begin{lstlisting} \node [style=every axis label, style=every axis x label] \node [style=every axis label, style=every axis y label] \end{lstlisting} so you can reconfigure their position and appearance. As for legends, the coordinate \lstinline!(0,0)! denotes the lower left axis corner and \lstinline!(1,1)! the upper right. The default styles are \begin{lstlisting} \tikzstyle{every axis label}=[] \tikzstyle{every axis x label}=[ at={(0.5,0)}, below, yshift=-15pt] \tikzstyle{every axis y label}=[ at={(0,0.5)}, xshift=-35pt, rotate=90] \end{lstlisting} \subsubsection*{\texttt{title=TEXT}} Adds a caption to the plot. This will place a \Tikz-Node with \begin{lstlisting} \node[style=every axis title] {TEXT}; \end{lstlisting} to the current axis. An example is shown in figure~\ref{fig:titleexample}. The title is placed in the middle of the axis (the placing does not incorporate any axis descriptions). You can reconfigure the appearance and/or placing of the title for example with \begin{lstlisting} \tikzstyle{every axis title}+=[at={(0.75,1)}] \end{lstlisting} This will place the title at~75\% of the $x$-axis. The coordinate~$(0,0)$ is the lower left corner and~$(1,1)$ the upper right one. Please note that using the \LaTeX\ floating figures together with \lstinline!\caption{TEXT}! may be more appropriate in many situation. However, `\texttt{title}' allows access to the axis' size without any axis descriptions which is useful if more than one plot needs a caption. \begin{figure} \centering \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{loglogaxis}[ width=0.48\textwidth, xlabel=Dof,ylabel=Error, title={$\mu=0.1$, $\sigma=0.2$}] \addplot plot coordinates { (5, 8.312e-02) (17, 2.547e-02) (49, 7.407e-03) (129, 2.102e-03) (321, 5.874e-04) (769, 1.623e-04) (1793, 4.442e-05) (4097, 1.207e-05) (9217, 3.261e-06) }; \end{loglogaxis} \end{tikzpicture}% \hfill \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{loglogaxis}[ width=0.48\textwidth, xlabel=Dof,ylabel=Error, title={$\mu=1$, $\sigma=\frac{1}{2}$}] \addplot[color=red,mark=*] plot coordinates { (7, 8.472e-02) (31, 3.044e-02) (111, 1.022e-02) (351, 3.303e-03) (1023, 1.039e-03) (2815, 3.196e-04) (7423, 9.658e-05) (18943, 2.873e-05) (47103, 8.437e-06) }; \end{loglogaxis} \end{tikzpicture} \begin{lstlisting} \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{loglogaxis}[ width=0.48\textwidth, xlabel=Dof,ylabel=Error, title={$\mu=0.1$, $\sigma=0.2$}] \addplot plot coordinates { (5, 8.312e-02) (17, 2.547e-02) ... (4097, 1.207e-05) (9217, 3.261e-06) }; \end{loglogaxis} \end{tikzpicture}% \hfill \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{loglogaxis}[ width=0.48\textwidth, xlabel=Dof,ylabel=Error, title={$\mu=1$, $\sigma=\frac{1}{2}$}] \addplot[color=red,mark=*] plot coordinates { (7, 8.472e-02) (31, 3.044e-02) ... (18943, 2.873e-05) (47103, 8.437e-06) }; \end{loglogaxis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{lstlisting} \caption{An example for the `\texttt{title}' option. Some data points have not been listed, the `\texttt{...}' is not part of the plot.} \label{fig:titleexample} \end{figure} \subsubsection*{\texttt{xmode=normal$|$log}, \texttt{ymode=normal$|$log}} Allows to choose between normal plots or logplots for each $x,y$-combination. Default is \lstinline!xmode=normal!, \lstinline!ymode=normal!. \subsubsection*{\texttt{xtick=\{LIST\}}, \texttt{ytick=\{LIST\}}} Assigns a list of \emph{Positions} where ticks shall be placed. The argument \texttt{LIST} will be used inside of a \lstinline!\foreach \x in {LIST}! statement, and \texttt{LIST} contains one of the following formats: \begin{itemize} \item \lstinline!{0,1,2,5,8}! (a series of coordinates), \item \lstinline!{0,...,5}! (the same as \lstinline!{0,1,2,3,4,5}!), \item \lstinline!{0,2,...,10}! (the same as \lstinline!{0,2,4,6,8,10}!), \item \lstinline!{9,...,3.5}! (the same as \lstinline!{9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4}!), \item See \cite[Section~34]{tikz} for a more detailed definition of the options. \end{itemize} For logplots, \PGFPlots\ will apply $\log(\cdot)$ to each element in `\texttt{LIST}'. \paragraph{Attention:} You can't use the `\texttt{...}' syntax if the elements are too large for \TeX! For example, `\texttt{xtick=1.5e5,2e7,3e8}' will work (because the elements are interpreted as strings, not as numbers), but `\texttt{xtick=1.5,3e5,...,1e10}' will fail because it involves real number arithmetics beyond \TeX's capacities. \vspace*{0.3cm} \noindent The default choice for ticks in a normal plot is to place them at each integer. The default for logplots it to place ticks at each $10^i$ in the axis' range. The tick appearance can be (re-)configured with \begin{lstlisting} \tikzstyle{every tick}=[very thin,gray] \tikzstyle{every minor tick}=[] \end{lstlisting} This style commands can be used at any time. The tick line width can be configured with the \lstinline!axis!-options `\texttt{tickwidth}' and `\texttt{subtickwidth}'. \subsubsection*{\texttt{xtickten=\{LIST\}}, \texttt{ytickten=\{LIST\}}} These options allow to place ticks at selected positions $10^k, k \in \text{\texttt{LIST}}$. They are only used for logplots. The syntax for `\texttt{LIST}' is the same as above for `\texttt{xtick=LIST}' or `\texttt{ytick=LIST}'. \subsubsection*{\texttt{xticklabel=\{TEXT\}}, \texttt{yticklabel=\{TEXT\}}} Allows to change the \emph{text} assigned to each tick position (see options \texttt{xtick} and \texttt{ytick}). The argument `\texttt{TEXT}' can be any \LaTeX-text. The following commands are valid inside of \texttt{TEXT}: \begin{description} \item[\textbackslash tick] The current element of option \lstinline!xtick! (or \lstinline!ytick!). \item[\textbackslash ticknum] The current tick number, starting with~0 (a counter). \end{description} The default argument is \begin{itemize} \item \lstinline!\axisdefaultticklabel! for normal plots and \item \lstinline!\axisdefaultticklabellog! for logplots, see below. \end{itemize} (the same holds for \lstinline!yticklabel!). The defaults are set to \begin{lstlisting} \newcommand{\axisdefaultticklabel}[0]{% $\prettyprintnumber{\tick}$% } \newcommand{\axisdefaultticklabellog}[0]{{% \logtologtentomacro{\tick}{\roundedtick}% $10^{\prettyprintnumber{\roundedtick}}$% }} \end{lstlisting} You can change the appearance of tick labels with \begin{lstlisting} \tikzstyle{every tick label}=[] \end{lstlisting} and/or \begin{lstlisting} \tikzstyle{every x tick label}=[] \end{lstlisting} and \begin{lstlisting} \tikzstyle{every y tick label}=[] \end{lstlisting} \subsubsection*{\texttt{tickpos=left$|$right$|$both}} Allows to choose where to place the small tick lines. Default is ``\texttt{both}''. This setting applies to both $x$~and~$y$ axis where ``left'' and ``right'' mean ``bottom'' and ``top'' for~$y$. \subsubsection*{\texttt{xminorticks=true$|$false}, \texttt{yminorticks=true$|$false}} Enables/disables the small minor tick lines. They are only used in log plots. Please note that minor ticks are automatically disabled if \texttt{xtick} is not a uniform range\footnote{A uniform list means the difference between all elements is~$1$ for normal plots or, for logplots, $\log(10)$.}. Default is \texttt{true}. \subsubsection*{\texttt{tickwidth=DIMEN}, \texttt{subtickwidth=DIMEN}} Allows to configure the width of the small tick lines. Sub ticks are only displayed for logarithmic plots. \subsubsection*{\texttt{enlargelimits}} Enlarges the axis size somewhat. You can set \texttt{xmin}, \texttt{xmax} and \texttt{ymin}, \texttt{ymax} to the minimum/maximum values of your data and \texttt{enlargelimits} will enlarge the canvas such that the axis doesn't touch the plots. Default is \lstinline!true! if axis limits are determined automatically and \lstinline!false! if you provide them manually. \subsubsection*{\texttt{disablelogfilter}} Disables numerical evaluation of $\log(x)$ in \LaTeX. If you specify this option, any plot coordinates and tick positions must be provided as $\log(x)$ instead of $x$. This may be faster and -- possibly -- more accurate than the numerical log. The current implementation of $\log(x)$ normalizes~$x$ to $m\cdot 10^e$ and computes \[ \log(x) = \log(m) + e \log(10) \] where $y = \log(m)$ is computed with a newton method applied to $\exp(y) - m$. The normalization involves string parsing without \TeX-registers. You can savely evaluate $\log(1\cdot 10^{-7})$ although \TeX-registers would produce an underflow for such small numbers. The exponential function is implemented in pgf using a truncated Euler McLaurin--series. The current implementation of $\log(\cdot)$ is done by the macro \lstinline!\pgfmathlog! which is provided by package \lstinline!pgfmathlog.sty! (contained in the \PGFPlots-bundle). \subsubsection*{\texttt{width=DIMEN}, \texttt{height=DIMEN}} The axis is always scaled such that its dimension is {\centering\lstinline!(\axisdefaultwidth,\axisdefaultheight)!. }% \noindent The options \lstinline!width=DIMEN! and \lstinline!height=DIMEN! override the default scaling. If just one of them is specified, the other one is scaled such that the aspect ratio stays the same. \noindent\underline{Remarks:} \begin{itemize} \item The scaling only affects the width of one unit in $x$-direction or the height for one unit in $y$-direction. Axis labels and tick labels won't be resized. \item You can use the \Tikz-\lstinline!scale=NUMBER! option, \begin{lstlisting} \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=2] \begin{axis} ... \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{lstlisting} to scale the complete picture. \item The \Tikz-options \lstinline!x! and \lstinline!y! which set the unit dimensions in $x$ and $y$ directions can be specified as arguments to \lstinline!\begin{axis}[x=1.5cm,y=2cm]! if needed (see below). These settings override the \lstinline!width! and \lstinline!height! options. \item Use \begin{lstlisting} \renewcommand{\axisdefaultwidth}{3cm} \renewcommand{\axisdefaultheight}{6cm} \begin{axis} ... \end{axis} \end{lstlisting} to replace the default dimension. \item Please note that up to the writing of this manual, \PGFPlots\ only estimates the size needed for axis- and tick labels. It does not include legends which have been placed outside of the axis\footnote{I.e. the `\texttt{width}' option will not work as expected, but the bounding box is still ok.}. This may be fixed in future versions. Use the \lstinline!x=DIMEN! and \lstinline!y=DIMEN! options if the scaling happens to be wrong. \end{itemize} \subsubsection*{\texttt{x=DIMEN}, \texttt{y=DIMEN}} Use \begin{lstlisting} \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[x=1.5cm,...] ... \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{lstlisting} to set the unit size for one $x$-coordinate to 1.5cm. The same is possible for the $y$-coordinate. Setting $x$ explicitly overrides the \lstinline!width! option. Setting $y$ explicitly overrides the \lstinline!height! option. Please note that it is \emph{not} possible to specify \lstinline!x! as argument to \lstinline!tikzpicture!. The option \begin{lstlisting} \begin{tikzpicture}[x=1.5cm] \begin{axis} ... \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{lstlisting} won't have any effect because an axis is always scale to the final size {\centering\lstinline!(\axisdefaultwidth,\axisdefaultheight)! }% \noindent (see the \lstinline!width! option). \subsubsection*{\texttt{xfilter=CMD}, \texttt{yfilter=CMD}} These options allow coordinate filtering. A coordinate filter maps an input coordinate to an output coordinate (or discards it completely). Coordinate filters are useful in automatic processing system, where \PGFPlots\ is used to display automatically generated plots. You may not want to filter your coordinates by hand, so these options provide a tool to do this automatically. Be warned: `\texttt{xfilter}' and `\texttt{yfilter}' are advanced options and may require advanced knowledge about \TeX. They are used as in the following example. The code \begin{lstlisting} \def\myOwnXfilter#1\to#2{% \def#2{0.5}% }% \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[xfilter={\myOwnXfilter}] \addplot plot coordinates { (4,0) (6,1) }; \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{lstlisting} will result in \begin{center} {% \def\myOwnXfilter#1\to#2{% \def#2{0.5}% }% \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[xfilter={\myOwnXfilter}] \addplot plot coordinates { (4,0) (6,1) }; \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} }% \end{center} because all $x$-coordinates are replaced by~$0.5$. The Argument `\texttt{CMD}' is the name of a \TeX-macro which takes exactly two arguments which are separated by the string `\texttt{\string\to}'. Such a macro is defined as \begin{lstlisting} \def\exampleFilter#1\to#2{% \def#2{#1}% }% \end{lstlisting} This example uses the \TeX-command \lstinline!\def! to define variables and commands. The arguments are used as follows: \begin{itemize} \item \PGFPlots\ invokes the filter with argument \texttt{\#1} set to the input coordinate. For $x$-filters, this is the $x$-coordinate as it is specified to \lstinline!\addplot!, for $y$-filters it is the $y$-coordinate. \item If the corresponding axis is logarithmic, \texttt{\#1} is the \emph{logarithm} of the coordinate as a real number, for example \texttt{\#1=4.2341}. \item Argument \texttt{\#2} is the name of a \TeX\ command. The filter should assign this command. The first filter above assigned the constant~$0.5$ and the second filter did not filter anything because it is the identity. The replacement text of \texttt{\#2} is expected to be \emph{either} empty \emph{or} a real number (without any length-suffix like `cm' or `pt'). If it is empty, the coordinate won't be drawn at all, it will be thrown away. \end{itemize} \subsection{\texttt{execute at begin plot=COMMANDS}} This axis option allows to invoke `\texttt{COMMANDS}' at the beginning of each \lstinline!\addplot! command. The argument `\texttt{COMMANDS}' can be any \LaTeX\ content. You may use this in conjunction with \texttt{xfilter=...} to reset any counters or whatever. An example would be to change every 4th coordinate. \subsection{\texttt{execute at end plot=COMMANDS}} This axis option allows to invoke `\texttt{COMMANDS}' after each \lstinline!\addplot! command. The argument `\texttt{COMMANDS}' can be any \LaTeX\ content.