\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{cmap} % fix search and cut-and-paste in Acrobat Reader
\usepackage[LGR,T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{textalpha}
\usepackage{alphabeta}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage[colorlinks]{hyperref}
\usepackage{bookmark}
% \usepackage{parskip}
\usepackage{booktabs}

\usepackage{lmodern}
% \usepackage{kerkis}
% \usepackage{gfsdidot}

% The document should work with and without babel:
\usepackage[greek,english]{babel}
% \languageattribute{greek}{polutoniko}

% from textalpha.sty and babel (greek.ldf):
\DeclareTextCommandDefault{\ensuregreek}[1]{{\fontencoding{LGR}\selectfont #1}}

\begin{document}

\title{Greek Unicode with 8-bit TeX and \emph{inputenc}}
\author{Günter Milde}
\maketitle

\abstract{ The definitions in \texttt{lgrenc.dfu} provide UTF-8 support for
the Greek script based on \emph{inputenc} and the \emph{LaTeX internal
character representation} macros (LICRs) defined in the \emph{greek-fontenc}
package.

\section{Motivation}

The \href{http://www.ctan.org/pkg/inputenc}{inputenc} standard package
enables the use of non-ASCII characters with 8-bit TeX. However, it misses
definitions for Greek characters. The \emph{greek-inputenc} package extends
\emph{inputenc} to allow the use of Greek literals in the document source.

As with all \emph{inputenc} definitions, this only works if the active font
encoding supports the characters. For the Greek script, this is usually the
non-standard \emph{LGR} font encoding (see
\href{http://www.ctan.org/pkg/greek-fontec}{greek-fontec}).
% e.g. Π produces:
% ! LaTeX Error: Command \textPi unavailable in encoding T1.
% just like Ж produces:
% ! LaTeX Error: Command \CYRZH unavailable in encoding T1.

\section{Usage}

There are several alternatives to activate Greek Unicode input for 8-bit TeX%
\footnote{
  The XeTeX and LuaTeX engines use utf8 as native input encoding. They do
  not require (and, except in 8-bit compatibility mode, do not work with)
  the \emph{inputenc} and \emph{greek-inputenc} packages.}
%  
(see also the source document \url{greek-utf8.tex}):


\begin{itemize}

\item
Define the LGR font encoding and the UTF8 input encoding, e.g.,
%
\begin{verbatim}
  \usepackage[T1,LGR]{fontenc}
  \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\end{verbatim}
%
Ensure, LGR is the active font encoding whenever a Greek character is
used in the text.

\item
For text in the Greek language, it is recommended to use the
\href{http://www.ctan.org/pkg/babel}{Babel} package with the Greek language
definitions in \href{http://www.ctan.org/pkg/babel-greek}{babel-greek}.
Babel sets the font encoding automatically to LGR and Greek Unicode
characters work as expected. Write in the preamble, e.g.,
%
\begin{verbatim}
  \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
  \usepackage[LGR,T1]{fontenc}
  \usepackage[english,greek,german]{babel}
\end{verbatim}
%
and use \verb+\foreignlanguage+ or \verb+\selectlanguage+ to set the text
language to Greek (see the
\href{http://www.ctan.org/pkg/babel-greek}{babel-greek} documentation for
detailled examples).

\begin{quote}
  \selectlanguage{greek}
  Τί φήις; Ἱδὼν ἐνθέδε παῖδ’ ἐλευθέραν
  τὰς πλησίον Νύμφας στεφανοῦσαν, Σώστρατε,
  ἐρῶν άπῆλθες εὐθύς;
\end{quote}

\item
In combination with the \emph{textalpha} package from
\href{http://www.ctan.org/pkg/greek-fontenc}{greek-fontenc}, Greek Unicode
characters can be used in text with any font encoding -- just like the
symbols provided by package ``textcomp'' (i.e. with some limitations
described in
\href{http://mirrors.ctan.org/language/greek/greek-fontenc/textalpha-doc.pdf}%
{textalpha-doc}). With the preamble lines
%
\begin{verbatim}
  \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
  \usepackage{textalpha}
\end{verbatim}
%
it is straightforward to write about π-mesons, γ-radiation, or a 50\,kΩ
resistor.

\item
In combination with the \emph{alphabeta} package (also from
\href{http://www.ctan.org/pkg/greek-fontenc}{greek-fontenc}),
Greek Unicode literals can also be used in math mode:
%
\begin{verbatim}
  \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
  \usepackage{alphabeta}
\end{verbatim}
\[
   \tan β = \frac{\sin β}{\cos β}.
\]

\end{itemize}

\section{Warning: unsafe ASCII input}

LGR is no ``standard font encoding''. Latin characters and some other ASCII
symbols are mapped to Greek equivalents if LGR is the active font encoding.
(See
\href{http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/babel-contrib/greek/usage.pdf}{usage.pdf}
for a description of this Latin-Greek transliteration.)

This means you need an explicit language and/or font-encoding switch for
Latin words and abbreviations in Greek text, e.g., not
\foreignlanguage{greek}{((ηία αντίσταση 750-kΩ))} but
\foreignlanguage{greek}{((ηία αντίσταση 750-\textlatin{k}Ω))}

Special care is also required with the question mark characters: While the
Unicode standard says character 003B SEMICOLON and not 037E, is the
preferred character for `Greek question mark', the LGR font encoding maps it
to a middle dot (ano teleia), while the Latin question mark is mapped to the
erotimatiko.
As a result, only the deprecated character 037E GREEK QUESTION MARK works
with both, Xe/LuaTeX and 8-bit TeX. Compare the source \url{greek-utf8.tex}
and the PDF output:

\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{lll}
  Latin (T1) & Greek (LGR) & question mark character \\
  \midrule
  Τί φήις; & \foreignlanguage{greek}{Τί φήις;} & 037E GREEK QUESTION MARK \\
  Τί φήις; & \foreignlanguage{greek}{Τί φήις;} & 003B SEMICOLON \\
  Τί φήις? & \foreignlanguage{greek}{Τί φήις?} & 003F QUESTION MARK \\
\end{tabular}
\end{center}


\section{Supported Characters}

Unicode definitions exist for all non-ASCII characters that can be rendered
with an LGR-encoded font.


\subsection{Greek and Coptic}

legend: * glyph missing in LGR, [space] Unicode point not defined

\noindent
% \selectlanguage{greek}
\begin{tabular}{rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr}
\toprule
    & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 & 7 & 8 & 9 & A & B & \textlatin C & D & E & F\\
\midrule
\textlatin{370} & * & * & * & * & ʹ & ͵ & * & * &   &   & ͺ & * & * & * & ; &  \\
\textlatin{380} &   &   &   &   & ΄ & ΅ & Ά & · & Έ & Ή & Ί &   & Ό &   & Ύ & Ώ\\
\textlatin{390} & ΐ & Α & Β & Γ & Δ & Ε & Ζ & Η & Θ & Ι & Κ & Λ & Μ & Ν & Ξ & Ο\\
\textlatin{3A0} & Π & Ρ &   & Σ & Τ & Υ & Φ & Χ & Ψ & Ω & Ϊ & Ϋ & ά & έ & ή & ί\\
\textlatin{3B0} & ΰ & α & β & γ & δ & ε & ζ & η & θ & ι & κ & λ & μ & ν & ξ & ο\\
\textlatin{3C0} & π & ρ & ς & σ & τ & υ & φ & χ & ψ & ω & ϊ & ϋ & ό & ύ & ώ &  \\
\textlatin{3D0} & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & Ϙ & ϙ & Ϛ & ϛ & Ϝ & ϝ & * & ϟ\\
\textlatin{3E0} & Ϡ & ϡ & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & *\\
\textlatin{3F0} & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & * & *\\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\selectlanguage{english}

\subsection{Greek Extended}

% \selectlanguage{greek}
\begin{tabular}{rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr}
\toprule
      & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 & 7 & 8 & 9 & A & B & \textlatin C & D & E & F\\
\midrule
\textlatin{1F00} & ἀ & ἁ & ἂ & ἃ & ἄ & ἅ & ἆ & ἇ & Ἀ & Ἁ & Ἂ & Ἃ & Ἄ & Ἅ & Ἆ & Ἇ\\
\textlatin{1F10} & ἐ & ἑ & ἒ & ἓ & ἔ & ἕ &   &   & Ἐ & Ἑ & Ἒ & Ἓ & Ἔ & Ἕ &   &  \\
\textlatin{1F20} & ἠ & ἡ & ἢ & ἣ & ἤ & ἥ & ἦ & ἧ & Ἠ & Ἡ & Ἢ & Ἣ & Ἤ & Ἥ & Ἦ & Ἧ\\
\textlatin{1F30} & ἰ & ἱ & ἲ & ἳ & ἴ & ἵ & ἶ & ἷ & Ἰ & Ἱ & Ἲ & Ἳ & Ἴ & Ἵ & Ἶ & Ἷ\\
\textlatin{1F40} & ὀ & ὁ & ὂ & ὃ & ὄ & ὅ &   &   & Ὀ & Ὁ & Ὂ & Ὃ & Ὄ & Ὅ &   &  \\
\textlatin{1F50} & ὐ & ὑ & ὒ & ὓ & ὔ & ὕ & ὖ & ὗ &   & Ὑ &   & Ὓ &   & Ὕ &   & Ὗ\\
\textlatin{1F60} & ὠ & ὡ & ὢ & ὣ & ὤ & ὥ & ὦ & ὧ & Ὠ & Ὡ & Ὢ & Ὣ & Ὤ & Ὥ & Ὦ & Ὧ\\
\textlatin{1F70} & ὰ & ά & ὲ & έ & ὴ & ή & ὶ & ί & ὸ & ό & ὺ & ύ & ὼ & ώ &   &  \\
\textlatin{1F80} & ᾀ & ᾁ & ᾂ & ᾃ & ᾄ & ᾅ & ᾆ & ᾇ & ᾈ & ᾉ & ᾊ & ᾋ & ᾌ & ᾍ & ᾎ & ᾏ\\
\textlatin{1F90} & ᾐ & ᾑ & ᾒ & ᾓ & ᾔ & ᾕ & ᾖ & ᾗ & ᾘ & ᾙ & ᾚ & ᾛ & ᾜ & ᾝ & ᾞ & ᾟ\\
\textlatin{1FA0} & ᾠ & ᾡ & ᾢ & ᾣ & ᾤ & ᾥ & ᾦ & ᾧ & ᾨ & ᾩ & ᾪ & ᾫ & ᾬ & ᾭ & ᾮ & ᾯ\\
\textlatin{1FB0} & ᾰ & ᾱ & ᾲ & ᾳ & ᾴ &   & ᾶ & ᾷ & Ᾰ & Ᾱ & Ὰ & Ά & ᾼ & ᾽ & ι & ᾿\\
\textlatin{1FC0} & ῀ & ῁ & ῂ & ῃ & ῄ &   & ῆ & ῇ & Ὲ & Έ & Ὴ & Ή & ῌ & ῍ & ῎ & ῏\\
\textlatin{1FD0} & ῐ & ῑ & ῒ & ΐ &   &   & ῖ & ῗ & Ῐ & Ῑ & Ὶ & Ί &   & ῝ & ῞ & ῟\\
\textlatin{1FE0} & ῠ & ῡ & ῢ & ΰ & ῤ & ῥ & ῦ & ῧ & Ῠ & Ῡ & Ὺ & Ύ & Ῥ & ῭ & ΅ & `\\
\textlatin{1FF0} &   &   & ῲ & ῳ & ῴ &   & ῶ & ῷ & Ὸ & Ό & Ὼ & Ώ & ῼ & ´ & ῾ &  \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\selectlanguage{english}


\subsection{Other Unicode Blocks}


Latin-1 Supplement: \ensuregreek{¨ « ¯ ´ · »}

IPA Extensions: \ensuregreek{ə}

Spacing Modifier Letters: \ensuregreek{˘a} (here followed by letter alpha)

General Punctuation: \ensuregreek{– — ‘ ’ ‰} ZWNJ (zero width no joiner,
prevents kerning and ligatures, e.g. \ensuregreek{A‌‌U} vs. \ensuregreek{AU} and
\ensuregreek{'‌a} vs. \ensuregreek{'a})

Currency Symbols: \ensuregreek{€}

Letter-like Symbols: Ω  % OHM SIGN, preferred representation is 03A9

Ancient Greek Numbers: \ensuregreek{
𐅄 % \textPiDelta{} % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIFTY
𐅅 % \textPiEta{}   % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIVE HUNDRED
𐅆 % \textPiChi{}   % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIVE THOUSAND
𐅇 % \textPiMu{}    % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIFTY THOUSAND
}

\section{Test up/downcasing}

Capital Greek letters have diacritics (except the dialytika) to the left
(instead of above) and drop them in uppercase, e.g.
\ensuregreek{μαΐστρος $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{μαΐστρος}}.

Tonos and dasia on the first vowel of a diphthong (\ensuregreek{άι, άυ, έι})
imply a \emph{hiatus}. A dialytika must be placed on the second
vowel if they are dropped (\ensuregreek{\MakeUppercase{\'ai, \'au, \'ei}}).

The auto-hiatus feature in lgrxenc.def works with the Latin
transcription and with character-macros (%
\ensuregreek{\MakeUppercase{%
  \'ai,
  \'\textalpha \textupsilon,
  \'\textepsilon \textiota
}})
and also if the first character is wrapped in \verb+\ensuregreek+ (as done by
the lgrenc.dfu definition for accented characters) or a literal Unicode
character
(\ensuregreek{\MakeUppercase{%
  \ensuregreek{\'\textalpha}\textiota,
  ά\textupsilon,
  ά\textiota
}})
but not if the second character of the diphthong is a Unicode literal
(\ensuregreek{\MakeUppercase{%
  \'\textalpha ι,
  άυ,
  \'\textepsilon ι
}}).

Therefore, the diaresis is missing in the following examples:
\ensuregreek{άυλος  $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{άυλος},
           ἄυλος  $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{ἄυλος},
           μάινα  $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{μάινα},
           κέικ,  $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{κέικ},
           ἀυπνία $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{ἀυπνία}}.

Fixing this shortcoming requires knowledge of what the
\verb+\LGR@ifnextchar+ ``sees'' when the next character is an upcased
Unicode literal.

As an ugly workaround, use \verb+\textiota+ resp. \verb+\textupsilon+
for the character that should get the diaresis:
\ensuregreek{ἀ\textupsilon{}πνία $\mapsto$ \MakeUppercase{ἀ\textupsilon{}πνία}}.



The following subsections test MakeUppercase and MakeLowercase with all
characters defined in lgrenc.dfu:

\subsection{Greek and Coptic}

\newcommand{\GreekAndCoptic}{ʹ͵ͺ; ΄ ΅ Ά·ΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΔΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫϘϚϜϠ}
\newcommand{\greekandcoptic}{άέήίΰαβγδεζηθικλμνξοπρςστυφχψωϊϋόύώϙϛϝϟϡ}

Characters of the Greek and Coptic Unicode Block:

\begin{quote}
  \selectlanguage{greek}
  \GreekAndCoptic\\
  \greekandcoptic
\end{quote}

MakeUppercase:

\begin{quote}
  \selectlanguage{greek}
  \MakeUppercase{\GreekAndCoptic}\\
  \MakeUppercase{\greekandcoptic}
\end{quote}

Letters and ypogegrammeni upcased, tonos dropped, dialytika kept.

There is no capital Koppa in LGR, therefore \ensuregreek{ϟ} is left unchanged
with MakeUppercase.


MakeLowercase:

\begin{quote}
  \selectlanguage{greek}
  \MakeLowercase{\GreekAndCoptic}\\
  \MakeLowercase{\greekandcoptic}
\end{quote}

The lowercase of \ensuregreek{Σ} is the «auto-sigma» (\verb+\textautosigma+):
\ensuregreek{ΣΣ $\mapsto$ \MakeLowercase{ΣΣ}}. Add a ZWNJ or use the
\verb+\noboundary+ macro to prevent conversion to final sigma:
\ensuregreek{\MakeLowercase{ΣΣ‌}}. The lowercase of GREEK LETTER STIGMA
\ensuregreek{Ϛ} is \ensuregreek{\MakeLowercase{Ϛ}}.


\subsection{Greek extended}

MakeUppercase:

% \selectlanguage{greek}

\MakeUppercase{ ἀ ἁ ἂ ἃ ἄ ἅ ἆ ἇ Ἀ Ἁ Ἂ Ἃ Ἄ Ἅ Ἆ Ἇ }\\
\MakeUppercase{ ἐ ἑ ἒ ἓ ἔ ἕ     Ἐ Ἑ Ἒ Ἓ Ἔ Ἕ     }\\
\MakeUppercase{ ἠ ἡ ἢ ἣ ἤ ἥ ἦ ἧ Ἠ Ἡ Ἢ Ἣ Ἤ Ἥ Ἦ Ἧ }\\
\MakeUppercase{ ἰ ἱ ἲ ἳ ἴ ἵ ἶ ἷ Ἰ Ἱ Ἲ Ἳ Ἴ Ἵ Ἶ Ἷ }\\
\MakeUppercase{ ὀ ὁ ὂ ὃ ὄ ὅ     Ὀ Ὁ Ὂ Ὃ Ὄ Ὅ     }\\
\MakeUppercase{ ὐ ὑ ὒ ὓ ὔ ὕ ὖ ὗ   Ὑ   Ὓ   Ὕ   Ὗ }\\
\MakeUppercase{ ὠ ὡ ὢ ὣ ὤ ὥ ὦ ὧ Ὠ Ὡ Ὢ Ὣ Ὤ Ὥ Ὦ Ὧ }\\
\MakeUppercase{ ὰ ά ὲ έ ὴ ή ὶ ί ὸ ό ὺ ύ ὼ ώ     }\\
\MakeUppercase{ ᾀ ᾁ ᾂ ᾃ ᾄ ᾅ ᾆ ᾇ ᾈ ᾉ ᾊ ᾋ ᾌ ᾍ ᾎ ᾏ }\\
\MakeUppercase{ ᾐ ᾑ ᾒ ᾓ ᾔ ᾕ ᾖ ᾗ ᾘ ᾙ ᾚ ᾛ ᾜ ᾝ ᾞ ᾟ }\\
\MakeUppercase{ ᾠ ᾡ ᾢ ᾣ ᾤ ᾥ ᾦ ᾧ ᾨ ᾩ ᾪ ᾫ ᾬ ᾭ ᾮ ᾯ }\\
\MakeUppercase{ ᾰ ᾱ ᾲ ᾳ ᾴ   ᾶ ᾷ Ᾰ Ᾱ Ὰ Ά ᾼ ᾽ ι ᾿ }\\
\MakeUppercase{ ῀ ῁ ῂ ῃ ῄ   ῆ ῇ Ὲ Έ Ὴ Ή ῌ ῍ ῎ ῏ }\\
\MakeUppercase{ ῐ ῑ ῒ ΐ     ῖ ῗ Ῐ Ῑ Ὶ Ί   ῝ ῞ ῟ }\\
\MakeUppercase{ ῠ ῡ ῢ ΰ ῤ ῥ ῦ ῧ Ῠ Ῡ Ὺ Ύ Ῥ ῭ ΅ ` }\\
\MakeUppercase{     ῲ ῳ ῴ   ῶ ῷ Ὸ Ό Ὼ Ώ ῼ ´ ῾   }
\selectlanguage{english}

\newpage

MakeLowercase:

% \selectlanguage{greek}
\MakeLowercase{ ἀ ἁ ἂ ἃ ἄ ἅ ἆ ἇ Ἀ Ἁ Ἂ Ἃ Ἄ Ἅ Ἆ Ἇ }\\
\MakeLowercase{ ἐ ἑ ἒ ἓ ἔ ἕ     Ἐ Ἑ Ἒ Ἓ Ἔ Ἕ     }\\
\MakeLowercase{ ἠ ἡ ἢ ἣ ἤ ἥ ἦ ἧ Ἠ Ἡ Ἢ Ἣ Ἤ Ἥ Ἦ Ἧ }\\
\MakeLowercase{ ἰ ἱ ἲ ἳ ἴ ἵ ἶ ἷ Ἰ Ἱ Ἲ Ἳ Ἴ Ἵ Ἶ Ἷ }\\
\MakeLowercase{ ὀ ὁ ὂ ὃ ὄ ὅ     Ὀ Ὁ Ὂ Ὃ Ὄ Ὅ     }\\
\MakeLowercase{ ὐ ὑ ὒ ὓ ὔ ὕ ὖ ὗ   Ὑ   Ὓ   Ὕ   Ὗ }\\
\MakeLowercase{ ὠ ὡ ὢ ὣ ὤ ὥ ὦ ὧ Ὠ Ὡ Ὢ Ὣ Ὤ Ὥ Ὦ Ὧ }\\
\MakeLowercase{ ὰ ά ὲ έ ὴ ή ὶ ί ὸ ό ὺ ύ ὼ ώ     }\\
\MakeLowercase{ ᾀ ᾁ ᾂ ᾃ ᾄ ᾅ ᾆ ᾇ ᾈ ᾉ ᾊ ᾋ ᾌ ᾍ ᾎ ᾏ }\\
\MakeLowercase{ ᾐ ᾑ ᾒ ᾓ ᾔ ᾕ ᾖ ᾗ ᾘ ᾙ ᾚ ᾛ ᾜ ᾝ ᾞ ᾟ }\\
\MakeLowercase{ ᾠ ᾡ ᾢ ᾣ ᾤ ᾥ ᾦ ᾧ ᾨ ᾩ ᾪ ᾫ ᾬ ᾭ ᾮ ᾯ }\\
\MakeLowercase{ ᾰ ᾱ ᾲ ᾳ ᾴ   ᾶ ᾷ Ᾰ Ᾱ Ὰ Ά ᾼ ᾽ ι ᾿ }\\
\MakeLowercase{ ῀ ῁ ῂ ῃ ῄ   ῆ ῇ Ὲ Έ Ὴ Ή ῌ ῍ ῎ ῏ }\\
\MakeLowercase{ ῐ ῑ ῒ ΐ     ῖ ῗ Ῐ Ῑ Ὶ Ί   ῝ ῞ ῟ }\\
\MakeLowercase{ ῠ ῡ ῢ ΰ ῤ ῥ ῦ ῧ Ῠ Ῡ Ὺ Ύ Ῥ ῭ ΅ ` }\\
\MakeLowercase{     ῲ ῳ ῴ   ῶ ῷ Ὸ Ό Ὼ Ώ ῼ ´ ῾   }
\selectlanguage{english}

\subsection{Other Unicode Blocks}

MakeUppercase does not change non-letter symbols and the letter shwa:
\begin{quote}
  \greekscript
  \MakeUppercase{¨ « ¯ ´ · »}
  \MakeUppercase{ə}
  \MakeUppercase{˘a}
  \MakeUppercase{– — ‘ ’ ‰ a‌u}
  \MakeUppercase{€}
  % \MakeUppercase{Ω}
  \MakeUppercase{
  𐅄 % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIFTY
  𐅅 % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIVE HUNDRED
  𐅆 % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIVE THOUSAND
  𐅇 % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIFTY THOUSAND
  }
\end{quote}
MakeLowercase does not change non-letter symbols, too:
\begin{quote}
  \greekscript
  \MakeLowercase{¨ « ¯ ´ · »}
  \MakeLowercase{ə}
  \MakeLowercase{˘A}
  \MakeLowercase{– — ‘ ’ ‰ A‌‌U}
  \MakeLowercase{€}
  % \MakeLowercase{Ω}
  \MakeLowercase{
  𐅄 % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIFTY
  𐅅 % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIVE HUNDRED
  𐅆 % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIVE THOUSAND
  𐅇 % GREEK ACROPHONIC ATTIC FIFTY THOUSAND
  }
\end{quote}

\end{document}


Problems with text-extraction from PDF with Kerkis:

     0  1 2 3 4  5   6 7  8  9  A  B  C D E    F
370  *  * * *  ΄  ͵  * *         ι *  * *   ;
380            ΄ ΅  ΄Α   ΄Ε ΄Η  ΄Ι   ΄Ο   ΄Υ  ΄Ω
390   ΐ Α Β Γ ∆  Ε   Ζ Η Θ    Ι Κ  Λ Μ  Ν Ξ    Ο
3Α0  Π  Ρ   Σ Τ  Υ  Φ  Χ Ψ   Ω   Ϊ Ϋ  ά έ  ή    ί
3Β0  ΰ  α ϐ γ δ  ε   Ϲ η  ϑ   ι κ  λ  µ ν  ξ   ο
3῝0  π  ϱ ς σ τ  υ   ϕ χ  ψ  ω   ϊ ϋ  ό ύ  ώ
3∆0  *  * * * *  *   * *     Ϟ  Ϝ  ϝ  Ϝ ϝ  *   ϟ
3Ε0     ϡ * * *  *   * *  *  *  *  *  * *  *   *
3Φ0  *  * * * *  *   * *  *  *  *  *  * *  *   *


0387    GREEK ANO TELEIA    missing
03B6    zeta                      replaced by 03F9      GREEK CAPITAL LUNATE SIGMA SYMBOL
03B8    GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA  replaced by 03D1      GREEK THETA SYMBOL
03C1    GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO    replaced by 03F1      GREEK RHO SYMBOL
03C6    GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI    replaced by 03D5      GREEK PHI SYMBOL


and GFS Didot:

       0   1   2  3  4  5   6 7  8  9  A  B  C D  E   F
370 *      *   *  *   ´  ͵ *  *         ι *  * *   ;
380                   ´  ῆ Α
                         ´ ´    ´Ε ´Η  ´Ι   ´Ο   ´Υ  ´Ω
390 ῆ  ´ι Α   Β   Γ  ∆  Ε Ζ   Η  Θ  Ι  Κ  Λ Μ  Ν  Ξ   Ο
3Α0 Π      Ρ       Σ  Τ  Υ Φ   Χ Ψ   Ω   ῆ
                                        Ι ῆ
                                          Υ  ά έ  ή    ί
3Β0 ῆ ´υ  α    β  γ  δ  ε ζ   η  ϑ   ι κ  λ  μ ν  ξ   ο
 3῝0 π    ρ    ς  σ  τ  υ φ   χ  ψ  ω   ι
                                        ῆ υ
                                          ῆ  ό ύ ώ
3∆0 *      *   *  *  *  * *   *           Ϛ  Ϝ Ϝ  *   Ϟ
3Ε0            *  *  *  * *   *  *  *   * *  * *  *   *
3Φ0 *      *   *  *  *  * *   *  *  *   * *  * *  *   *
