1 DVIPS ! Modified 07-Jul-1996 - EJG ! Fix description of filter (can write to stdout, but not read from stdin! ! Change mode description, landscape used with others just gives ! landscape. So took that out. Removed warning about quotes (not ! necessary). Added tabloid. ! Changed qualifier ctrl_d to ctrld to agree with cld file ! Changed default for inc_com to be noinc_com to agree with dvips ! Fix header qualifier ! ! Added comment about the manual to front and also under the ! special heading. The dvips program converts a TEX dvi file into a PostScript file for printing or distribution. Seldom has such a seemingly easy programming task required so much effort. The dvips program has a number of features that set it apart from other PostScript drivers for TEX. The dvips driver generates excellent, standard PostScript, that can be included in other documents as figures or printed through a variety of spoolers. The generated PostScript requires very little printer memory, so very complex documents with a lot of fonts can easily be printed even on PostScript printers without much memory, such as the original Apple LaserWriter. The PostScript output is also compact, requiring less disk space to store and making it feasible as a transfer format. Missing fonts can be automatically generated if METAFONT exists on the system, or fonts can be converted from gf to pk format on demand. If a font cannot be generated, a scaled version of the same font at a different size can be used instead, although dvips will complain loudly about the poor aesthetics of the resulting output. A manual for dvips may be printed with the command: printps tex_root:[local]dvips.ps In this manual, the command line options are for the unix variant of dvips. Our version has the qualifiers as detailed in this help file. Also, some of the latest options are not in the manual (in particular, the /hyperps option). usage: DVIPS filename[.dvi] 2 /COPIES /COPIES=num Generate num copies of every page. Default is 1. (For collated copies, see the /COLLATE option.) 2 /DEBUG /DEBUG=num Set the debug flags. This is intended only for emergencies or for unusual fact-finding expeditions; it will work only if dvips has been compiled with the DEBUG option. Use num=1 for special num=2 for paths num=4 for fonts num=8 for pages num=16 for headers num=32 for font compression num=64 for files num=128 for memory allocation Use a value of -1 for maximum output. 2 /MAXDRIFT /MAXDRIFT=num Make sure that each character is placed at most this many pixels from its `true' resolution-independent position on the page. The default value of this parameter is resolution dependent (it is the number of entries in the list [100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1600, 2000, 2400, 2800, 3200, : : :] that are less than or equal to the resolution in dots per inch). Allowing individual characters to `drift' from their correctly rounded positions by a few pixels, while regaining the true position at the beginning of each new word, improves the spacing of letters in words. 2 /FILTER Run as a filter writing the output to the standard output. (The input must still be specified as the argument.) 2 /LAST /LAST=num The last page printed will be the first one numbered num. Default is the last page in the document. 2 /MANUAL Specify manual feed for printer. 2 /NUMBER /NUMBER=num At most num pages will be printed. Default is 100000. 2 /OUTPUT /OUTPUT=filename.ext The output will be sent to file name. If no file name is given, the default name is file.ps where the dvi file was called file.dvi . 2 /START /START=num The first page printed will be the first one numbered num. Default is the first page in the document. 2 /QUIET Run in quiet mode. Don't chatter about pages converted, etc.; report nothing but errors to standard error. 2 /REVERSE Stack pages in reverse order. Normally, page 1 will be printed first. 2 /SAV_RES Causes the entire global output to be enclosed in a save/restore pair. This causes the file to not be truly conformant, and is thus not recommended, but is useful if you are driving the printer directly and don't care too much about the portability of the output. 2 /MODE /MODE=modename This sets the paper mode to modename. Currently, the only modes allowable are "letter", which selects an 8.5 by 11 inch page, "a3", which selects an a3 sized page, "a4" , which selects an a4 sized page, "legal", which selects an 8.5 by 14 inch page, "ledger", which selects an 11 by 17 inch page, and "tabloid", which selects a 17 by 11 inch page, and "landscape", which rotates a letter size document by 90 degrees. The default mode is "letter". The upper left corner of each page in the dvi file is placed one inch from the left and one inch from the top. 2 /MAGNIFICATION /MAGNIFICATION=num Set the magnification ratio to num/1000. Overrides the magnification specified in the dvi file. Must be between 10 and 100000. 2 /COLLATE /COLLATE=num Create num copies, but collated (by replicating the data in the PostScript file). Slower than the /COPIES option, but easier on the hands, and faster than resubmitting the same PostScript file multiple times. 2 /DPI /DPI=num Set the resolution in dpi (dots per inch) to num. This affects the choice of bitmap fonts that are loaded and also the positioning of letters in resident PostScript fonts. Must be between 10 and 10000. This affects both the horizontal and vertical resolution. If a high resolution (something greater than 400 dpi, say) is selected, the /COMPRESS flag should probably also be used. 2 /CTRLD Causes Control-D (ASCII code 4) to be appended as the very last character of the PostScript file. This is useful when dvips is driving the printer directly instead of working through a spooler, as is common on extremely small systems. Otherwise, it is not recommended. 2 /INC_COM /INC_COM /NOINC_COM (default) /NOINC_COM option causes comments in included PostScript graphics, font files, and headers to be removed. This is sometimes necessary to get around bugs in spoolers or PostScript post-processing programs. Specifically, the %%Page comments, when left in, often cause difficulties. Use of this flag can cause some included graphics to fail, since the PostScript header macros from some software packages read portions of the input stream line by line, searching for a particular comment. 2 /COMMENT /COMMENT (default) /NOCOMMENT /NOCOMMENT turns off structured comments; this might be necessary on some systems that try to interpret PostScript comments in weird ways, or on some PostScript printers. Old versions of Transcript in particular cannot handle modern Encapsulated PostScript. 2 /PRINTER /PRINTER=printername Sets up the output for the appropriate printer. This is implemented by reading in config.printername , which can set various parameters such as the font paths and any other defaults for that printer only. It is recommended that all standard defaults go in the one master config.ps file and only things that vary printer to printer go in the config.printername files. Note that config.ps is read before config.printername. In addition, another file called "/.dvipsrc is searched for immediately after config.ps; this file is intended for user defaults. If no /PRINTER command is given, the environment variable PRINTER is checked. If that variable exists, and a corresponding configuration file exists, that configuration file is read in. 2 /HEADER /HEADER=(file1,file2,...) /NOHEADER Prepend file1, file2, ... as additional header files. This header file gets added to the PostScript userdict. With /NOHEADER, suppress all header output. 2 /VM_SAVE /VM_SAVE (default) /NOVM_SAVE /NOVM_SAVE disables a PostScript virtual memory saving optimization that stores the character metric information in the same string that is used to store the bitmap information. This is only necessary when driving the Xerox 4045 PostScript interpreter, and it is caused by a bug in that interpreter that results in `garbage' on the bottom of each character. Not recommended unless you must drive this printer. 2 /H_DPI /H_DPI=num Set the horizontal resolution in dots per inch to num. 2 /V_DPI /V_DPI=num Set the vertical resolution in dots per inch to num. 2 /COMPRESS Causes bitmapped fonts to be compressed before they are downloaded, thereby reducing the size of the PostScript font-downloading information. Especially useful at high resolutions or when very large fonts are used. Will slow down printing somewhat, especially on early 68000-based PostScript printers. 2 /ABSOLUTE Makes references to page numbers absolute (rather than TeX page numbers). 2 /EPSF /EPSF /NOEPSF (default) /EPSF makes dvips attempt to generate an EPSF file with a tight bounding box. This only works on one-page files, and it only looks at marks made by characters and rules, not by any included graphics. In addition, it gets the glyph metrics from the tfm file, so characters that lie outside their enclosing tfm box may confuse it. In addition, the bounding box might be a bit too loose if the character glyph has significant left or right side bearings. Nonetheless, this option works well for creating small EPSF files for equations or tables or the like. (Note, of course, that dvips output is resolution dependent and thus does not make very good EPSF files, especially if the images are to be scaled; use these EPSF files with a great deal of care.) 2 /PRESCAN /PRESCAN /NOPRESCAN (default) Conserve memory by making three passes over the .dvi file instead of two and only loading those characters actually used. Generally only useful on machines with a very limited amount of memory, like some PCs. 2 /PAGECOPIES /PAGECOPIES=num (default=1) Number of times to print each page. Executes the postscript for each page this number of times (unlike /COPIES which executes the postscript once and prints multiple times.) 2 /SEPARATE /SEPARATE /NOSEPARATE (default) Make each section be a separate file. Under certain circumstances, dvips will split the document up into `sections' to be processed independently; this is most often done for memory reasons. Using this option tells dvips to place each section into a separate file; the new file names are created replacing the suffix of the supplied output file name by a three-digit sequence number. This option is most often used in conjunction with the /SEC_SIZE option which sets the maximum section length in pages. For instance, some phototypesetters cannot print more than ten or so consecutive pages before running out of steam; these options can be used to automatically split a book into ten-page sections, each to its own file. 2 /CROPMARKS /CROPMARKS /NOCROPMARKS (default) Print crop marks. This option increases the paper size (which should be specified, either with a paper size special or with the /PSIZE option) by a half inch in each dimension. It translates each page by a quarter inch and draws cross-style crop marks. It is mostly useful with typesetters that can set the page size automatically. 2 /SEC_SIZE /SEC_SIZE=number Set the maximum number of pages in each `section'. This option is most commonly used with the /SEPARATE option; see that documentation above for more information. 2 /HELP /HELP Given with a dummy file name, causes dvips to output a one page listing of options in unix form. Not very useful! 2 /MAKEFONT /MAKEFONT (default) /NOMAKEFONT The /NOMAKEFONT option turns off the automatic font generation facility. If any fonts are missing, commands to generate the fonts are appended to the file missfont.log in the current directory; this file can then be executed and deleted to create the missing fonts. 2 /PSIZE /PSIZE="dim,dim" Set the paper size to the given pair of dimensions. This option takes its arguments in the same syntax as the papersize special, for example 8.5in,11in. It overrides any paper size special in the dvi file. The dimensions must resolve to a papersize specified in the configuration files. 2 /POFFSET /POFFSET="dim,dim" Move the origin by a certain amount. The offset is a comma-separated pair of dimensions, such as .1in,-.3cm (in the same syntax used in the papersize special). The origin of the page is shifted from the default position (of one inch down, one inch to the right from the upper left corner of the paper) by this amount. 2 /SECURE /SECURE /NOSECURE (default) With the /SECURE option, dvips will not attempt to open pipes or run commands (such as commands to make fonts). 2 /ODDPAGES /ODDPAGES /NOODDPAGES (default) Print only odd pages (TeX pages, not sequence pages). 2 /EVENPAGES /EVENPAGES /NOEVENPAGES (default) Print only even pages (TeX pages, not sequence pages). 2 /DOWNLOADPS /DOWNLOADPS /NODOWNLOADPS (default) Downloadable postscript fonts are set in PK (compressed bitmap) format. 2 /HYPERPS /HYPERPS /NOHYPERPS (default) Outputs \specials containing hyperlinks to the output file as pdf marks embedded in postscript comments. These can then be turned into hyperlinks with Adobe Distiller and viewed with Adobe Acrobat. 2 Specials The specials are described in the manual which may be printed with the command printps tex_root:[local]dvips.ps In this manual, the command line options are for the unix variant of dvips. Our version has the qualifiers as detailed in this help file. Also, some of the latest options are not in the manual (in particular, the /hyperps option).