From 64fe092a8f3dc062b323f28f52dc82c7be509252 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Karl Berry Date: Tue, 1 Mar 2016 23:30:12 +0000 Subject: amsmath (1mar16) git-svn-id: svn://tug.org/texlive/trunk@39904 c570f23f-e606-0410-a88d-b1316a301751 --- Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/README.txt | 143 ++ Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsbsy.pdf | Bin 159045 -> 161311 bytes Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amscd.pdf | Bin 164398 -> 165497 bytes Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsgen.pdf | Bin 163539 -> 164378 bytes Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsldoc.pdf | Bin 377911 -> 376840 bytes Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsldoc.tex | 2620 ++++++++++++++++++++ Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsmath.pdf | Bin 370186 -> 375401 bytes Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsopn.pdf | Bin 120007 -> 128244 bytes Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amstext.pdf | Bin 191883 -> 193900 bytes Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsxtra.pdf | Bin 94756 -> 104546 bytes Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/diffs-m.txt | 552 +++++ Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/install.txt | 122 + Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/manifest.txt | 33 + Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/subeqn.pdf | Bin 103261 -> 103217 bytes Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/subeqn.tex | 202 ++ Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/technote.pdf | Bin 130531 -> 130405 bytes Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/technote.tex | 233 ++ Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/testmath.pdf | Bin 429035 -> 428661 bytes Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/testmath.tex | 2342 +++++++++++++++++ Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/README | 148 -- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/amsbsy.dtx | 28 +- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/amsbsy.ins | 33 +- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/amscd.dtx | 28 +- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/amscd.ins | 33 +- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/amsgen.dtx | 29 +- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/amsgen.ins | 33 +- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/amsldoc.tex | 2620 -------------------- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/amsmath.dtx | 409 ++- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/amsmath.ins | 37 +- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/amsopn.dtx | 29 +- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/amsopn.ins | 33 +- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/amstext.dtx | 28 +- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/amstext.ins | 33 +- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/amsxtra.dtx | 29 +- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/amsxtra.ins | 33 +- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/diffs-m.txt | 552 ----- Master/texmf-dist/source/latex/amsmath/install.txt | 132 - 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OVERVIEW +II. INSTALLATION AND GETTING STARTED +III. SUBMITTING BUG REPORTS +IV. REMARKS ON THIS RELEASE +V. CHANGE LOG + +======================================================================== +I. OVERVIEW + +The amsmath package is an extension package for LaTeX that provides +additional features to facilitate mathematical typesetting. It has been +developed by the American Mathematical Society and released for general +use as a service to the mathematical community. A number of smaller +auxiliary packages are also distributed with the amsmath package. + +======================================================================== +II. INSTALLATION AND GETTING STARTED + +In order to use amsmath you need to have TeX installed first. TeX is +not an AMS product. For information on getting TeX see one of the +following: + + http://www.tug.org/ + http://www.ams.org/tex/tex-resources + +If you are installing amsmath manually, see install.txt. + +The primary documentation for amsmath is in + + amsldoc.pdf + +Additional documentation files include: + + diffs-m.txt + subeqn.pdf + technote.pdf + testmath.pdf + +which are included in the collection. + +======================================================================== +III. SUBMITTING BUG REPORTS + +Technical support is available via the addresses listed above. Bug +reports should be submitted using the standard LaTeX bug reporting +system: Execute the command + + latex latexbug.tex + +and follow the resulting instructions. Select "amslatex" when asked +for a category. + +======================================================================== +IV. REMARKS ON THIS RELEASE + +Version 2.14 is a minor update to provide more fluid interoperability +with stix.sty. It should be fully compatible with version 2.13. + +======================================================================== +V. CHANGE LOG (REVERSE CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER) + +2016-02-20 amsmath.dtx 2.15 + Updates for new \mathchardef handling in luatex + Fix for \long macros after \dots + (such as \iff as redefined by this package) + +2013-01-14 amsmath.dtx 2.14 + + * amsmath.sty 2.14 + -- Minimal changes to make amsmath compatible with stix.sty. + +2000-07-18 amsmath.dtx 2.13 + -- After the numbering patches in 2.11, \notag failed in certain + circumstances: introduce some more auxiliary functions to sort + things out, and redefine \nonumber. + +2000-06-29 amstext.dtx 2.01 + -- Use \f@size instead of \tf@size because they are not + necessarily the same and the former is better for putting a few + words into a display. + +2000-06-06 amsmath.dtx 2.12 + -- Fix transposed lines in 2.11 patch. + +2000-06-02 amsmath.dtx 2.11 + + * amsmath.sty 2.11 + -- Prevent "Arithmetic overflow" error by guarding against + divide-by-zero in \x@calc@shift@lc (align environment). + + * amsdtx.dtx + -- Moved to the amscls distribution. + +2000-05-25 amsmath.dtx 2.10 + -- Clear up error message for \allowdisplaybreaks[0]. + -- Make mathdisplay re-entrant by introducing mathdisplay@stack, + to clear up numbering problems in unusual circumstances such as + \[ \] nested inside minipage inside equation. + +2000-04-21 amsmath.dtx 2.09 + -- Ensure good catcodes for " etc. + +2000-03-16 amsmath.dtx 2.08 + -- Fixed erroneous tag placement on split with fleqn/tbtags options. + +2000-03-15 amsmath.dtx 2.07 + -- Add \reset@strutbox@ to deal with the following bug: After + $...\mbox{\Huge $...$}...$, line spacing is wrong in a + following "gather" or other environment that uses \strut@. + -- Patch to fix bug with intlimits option: too much space in the + middle of \iint. + -- Overhaul math accents again to fix a couple of bugs reported by + Thimm. + +2000-03-10 amsmath.dtx 2.06 + -- Change \MathAccent to \mathaccentV so \DeclareMathAccent won't + give an error when redefining an accent. + +2000-01-06 amsmath.dtx 2.05 + -- Fixed incorrect placement of fleqn/reqno equation numbers + inside indented lists (displaywidth < columnwidth). Changed the + multline/fleqn/leqno indent to match mathmargin when possible + instead of always just using multlinetaggap. diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsbsy.pdf b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsbsy.pdf index bec3d863e28..0f3d4758c1f 100644 Binary files a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsbsy.pdf and b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsbsy.pdf differ diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amscd.pdf b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amscd.pdf index 79b8fb434fc..35b3377c70f 100644 Binary files a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amscd.pdf and b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amscd.pdf differ diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsgen.pdf b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsgen.pdf index 140f08336a5..61cc86ca078 100644 Binary files a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsgen.pdf and b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsgen.pdf differ diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsldoc.pdf b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsldoc.pdf index 2453cd622d0..81178a7a0ea 100644 Binary files a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsldoc.pdf and b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsldoc.pdf differ diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsldoc.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsldoc.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..abb532cccb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/amsmath/amsldoc.tex @@ -0,0 +1,2620 @@ +%%% ==================================================================== +%%% @LaTeX-file{ +%%% filename = "amsldoc.tex", +%%% version = "2.09", +%%% date = "2004/04/06", +%%% time = "15:13:33 EDT", +%%% checksum = "39446 2620 11111 93831", +%%% author = "American Mathematical Society", +%%% address = "American Mathematical Society, +%%% Technical Support, +%%% Electronic Products and Services, +%%% P. O. Box 6248, +%%% Providence, RI 02940, +%%% USA", +%%% telephone = "401-455-4080 or (in the USA and Canada) +%%% 800-321-4AMS (321-4267)", +%%% FAX = "401-331-3842", +%%% email = "tech-support@ams.org (Internet)", +%%% copyright = "Copyright 1999 American Mathematical Society, +%%% all rights reserved. Copying of this file is +%%% authorized only if either: +%%% (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy, +%%% including name; OR +%%% (2) if you do make changes, you first rename it +%%% to some other name.", +%%% supported = "yes", +%%% keywords = "latex, amsmath", +%%% abstract = "This file is the source file for the user's +%%% guide of the \LaTeX{} package amsmath .", +%%% docstring = "The checksum field above contains a CRC-16 +%%% checksum as the first value, followed by the +%%% equivalent of the standard UNIX wc (word +%%% count) utility output of lines, words, and +%%% characters. This is produced by Robert +%%% Solovay's checksum utility.", +%%% } +%%% ==================================================================== +\documentclass[leqno,titlepage,openany]{amsldoc}[1999/12/13] + +\ifx\UndEfiNed\url + \ClassError{amsldoc}{% + This version of amsldoc.tex must be processed\MessageBreak + with a newer version of amsldoc.cls (2.02 or later)}{} +\fi + +\title{User's Guide for the \pkg{amsmath} Package (Version~2.0)} +\author{American Mathematical Society} +\date{1999-12-13 (revised 2002-02-25)} + +% Use the amsmath package and amscd package in order to print +% examples. +\usepackage{amsmath} +\usepackage{amscd} + +\makeindex % generate index data +\providecommand{\see}[2]{\textit{see} #1} + +% The amsldoc class includes a number of features useful for +% documentation about TeX, including: +% +% ---Commands \tex/, \amstex/, \latex/, ... for uniform treatment +% of the various logos and easy handling of following spaces. +% +% ---Commands for printing various common elements: \cn for command +% names, \fn for file names (including font-file names), \env for +% environments, \pkg and \cls for packages and classes, etc. + +% Many of the command names used here are rather long and will +% contribute to poor linebreaking if we follow the \latex/ practice +% of not hyphenating anything set in tt font; instead we selectively +% allow some hyphenation. +\allowtthyphens % defined in amsldoc.cls + +\hyphenation{ac-cent-ed-sym-bol add-to-counter add-to-length align-at + aligned-at allow-dis-play-breaks ams-art ams-cd ams-la-tex amsl-doc + ams-symb ams-tex ams-text ams-xtra bmatrix bold-sym-bol cen-ter-tags + eqn-ar-ray idots-int int-lim-its latex med-space neg-med-space + neg-thick-space neg-thin-space no-int-lim-its no-name-lim-its + over-left-arrow over-left-right-arrow over-right-arrow pmatrix + qed-sym-bol set-length side-set small-er tbinom the-equa-tion + thick-space thin-space un-der-left-arrow un-der-left-right-arrow + un-der-right-arrow use-pack-age var-inj-lim var-proj-lim vmatrix + xalign-at xx-align-at} + +% Prepare for illustrating the \vec example +\newcommand{\vect}[1]{\mathbf{#1}} + +\newcommand{\booktitle}[1]{\textit{#1}} +\newcommand{\journalname}[1]{\textit{#1}} +\newcommand{\seriesname}[1]{\textit{#1}} + +% Command to insert and index a particular phrase. Doesn't work for +% certain kinds of special characters in the argument. +\newcommand{\ii}[1]{#1\index{#1}} + +\newcommand{\vstrut}[1]{\vrule width0pt height#1\relax} + +% An environment for presenting comprehensive address information: +\newenvironment{infoaddress}{% + \par\topsep\medskipamount + \trivlist\centering + \item[]% + \begin{minipage}{.7\columnwidth}% + \raggedright +}{% + \end{minipage}% + \endtrivlist +} + +\newenvironment{eqxample}{% + \par\addvspace\medskipamount + \noindent\begin{minipage}{.5\columnwidth}% + \def\producing{\end{minipage}\begin{minipage}{.5\columnwidth}% + \hbox\bgroup\kern-.2pt\vrule width.2pt% + \vbox\bgroup\parindent0pt\relax +% The 3pt is to cancel the -\lineskip from \displ@y + \abovedisplayskip3pt \abovedisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip + \belowdisplayskip0pt \belowdisplayshortskip\belowdisplayskip + \noindent} +}{% + \par +% Ensure that a lonely \[\] structure doesn't take up width less than +% \hsize. + \hrule height0pt width\hsize + \egroup\vrule width.2pt\kern-.2pt\egroup + \end{minipage}% + \par\addvspace\medskipamount +} + +% The chapters are so short, perhaps we shouldn't call them by the +% name `Chapter'. We make \chaptername read an argument in order to +% remove a following \space or "{} " (both possibilities are present +% in book.cls). + +\renewcommand{\chaptername}[1]{} +\newcommand{\chapnum}[1]{\mdash #1\mdash } +\makeatletter +\def\@makechapterhead#1{% + \vspace{1.5\baselineskip}% + {\parindent \z@ \raggedright \reset@font + \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne + \large\bfseries \chapnum{\thechapter}% + \par\nobreak + \vskip.5\baselineskip\relax + \fi + #1\par\nobreak + \vskip\baselineskip + }} +\makeatother + +% A command for ragged-right parbox in a tabular. +\newcommand{\rp}{\let\PBS\\\raggedright\let\\\PBS} + +% Non-indexed file name +\newcommand{\nfn}[1]{\texttt{#1}} + +% For the examples in the math spacing table. +%%\newcommand{\lspx}{\mbox{\rule{5pt}{.6pt}\rule{.6pt}{6pt}}} +%%\newcommand{\rspx}{\mbox{\rule[-1pt]{.6pt}{7pt}% +%% \rule[-1pt]{5pt}{.6pt}}} +\newcommand{\lspx}{\mathord{\Rightarrow\mkern-1mu}} +\newcommand{\rspx}{\mathord{\mkern-1mu\Leftarrow}} +\newcommand{\spx}[1]{$\lspx #1\rspx$} + +% For a list of characters representing document input. +\newcommand{\clist}[1]{% + \mbox{\ntt\spaceskip.2em plus.1em \xspaceskip\spaceskip#1}} + +% Fix weird \latex/ definition of rightmark. +\makeatletter +\def\rightmark{\expandafter\@rightmark\botmark{}{}} +% Also turn off section marks. +\let\sectionmark\@gobble +\renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{% + \uppercase{\markboth{\rhcn#1}{\rhcn#1}}} +\newcommand{\rhcn}{\thechapter. } +\makeatother + +% Include down to \section but not \subsection, in toc: +\setcounter{tocdepth}{1} + +\DeclareMathOperator{\ix}{ix} +\DeclareMathOperator{\nul}{nul} +\DeclareMathOperator{\End}{End} +\DeclareMathOperator{\xxx}{xxx} + +\begin{document} + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +\frontmatter + +\maketitle +\pagestyle{headings} +\tableofcontents +\cleardoublepage % for better page number placement + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +\mainmatter +\chapter{Introduction} + +The \pkg{amsmath} package is a \LaTeX{} package that provides +miscellaneous enhancements for improving the information structure and +printed output of documents that contain mathematical formulas. Readers +unfamiliar with \LaTeX{} should refer to \cite{lamport}. If you have an +up-to-date version of \LaTeX{}, the \pkg{amsmath} package is normally +provided along with it. Upgrading when a newer version of the +\pkg{amsmath} package is released can be done via +\url{http://www.ams.org/tex/amsmath.html} or +\url{ftp://ftp.ams.org/pub/tex/}. + +This documentation describes the features of the \pkg{amsmath} package +and discusses how they are intended to be used. It also covers some +ancillary packages: +\begin{ctab}{ll} +\pkg{amsbsy}& \pkg{amstext}\\ +\pkg{amscd}& \pkg{amsxtra}\\ +\pkg{amsopn} +\end{ctab} +These all have something to do with the contents of math formulas. For +information on extra math symbols and math fonts, see \cite{amsfonts} +and \url{http://www.ams.org/tex/amsfonts.html}. For documentation of the +\pkg{amsthm} package or AMS document classes (\cls{amsart}, +\cls{amsbook}, etc.\@) see \cite{amsthdoc} or \cite{instr-l} and +\url{http://www.ams.org/tex/author-info.html}. + +If you are a long-time \latex/ user and have lots of mathematics in what +you write, then you may recognize solutions for some familiar problems +in this list of \pkg{amsmath} features: +\begin{itemize} + +\item A convenient way to define new `operator name' commands analogous +to \cn{sin} and \cn{lim}, including proper side spacing and automatic +selection of the correct font style and size (even when used in +sub- or superscripts). + +\item Multiple substitutes for the \env{eqnarray} environment to make +various kinds of equation arrangements easier to write. + +\item Equation numbers automatically adjust up or down to avoid +overprinting on the equation contents (unlike \env{eqnarray}). + +\item Spacing around equals signs matches the normal spacing in the +\env{equation} environment (unlike \env{eqnarray}). + +\item A way to produce multiline subscripts as are often used with +summation or product symbols. + +\item An easy way to substitute a variant equation number for a given +equation instead of the automatically supplied number. + +\item An easy way to produce subordinate equation numbers of the form +(1.3a) (1.3b) (1.3c) for selected groups of equations. + +\end{itemize} + +The \pkg{amsmath} package is distributed together with some small +auxiliary packages: +\begin{description} +\item[\pkg{amsmath}] Primary package, provides various features for + displayed equations and other mathematical constructs. + +\item[\pkg{amstext}] Provides a \cn{text} command for + typesetting a fragment of text inside a display. + +\item[\pkg{amsopn}] Provides \cn{DeclareMathOperator} for defining new + `operator names' like \cn{sin} and \cn{lim}. + +\item[\pkg{amsbsy}] For backward compatibility this package continues +to exist but use of the newer \pkg{bm} package that comes with \LaTeX{} +is recommended instead. + +\item[\pkg{amscd}] Provides a \env{CD} environment for simple + commutative diagrams (no support for diagonal arrows). + +\item[\pkg{amsxtra}] Provides certain odds and ends such as + \cn{fracwithdelims} and \cn{accentedsymbol}, for compatibility with + documents created using version 1.1. + +\end{description} + +The \pkg{amsmath} package incorporates \pkg{amstext}, \pkg{amsopn}, and +\pkg{amsbsy}. The features of \pkg{amscd} and \pkg{amsxtra}, however, +are available only by invoking those packages separately. + +\chapter{Options for the \pkg{amsmath} package}\label{options} + +The \pkg{amsmath} package has the following options: +\begin{description} + +\item[\opt{centertags}] (default) For a split equation, place equation +numbers\index{equation numbers!vertical placement} vertically centered +on the total height of the equation. + +\item[\opt{tbtags}] `Top-or-bottom tags': For a split equation, place +equation numbers\index{equation numbers!vertical placement} level with +the last (resp.\@ first) line, if numbers are on the right (resp.\@ +left). + +\item[\opt{sumlimits}] (default) Place the subscripts and +superscripts\index{subscripts and superscripts!placement}\relax +\index{limits|see{subscripts and superscripts}} of summation symbols +above and below, in displayed equations. This option also affects other +symbols of the same type\mdash $\prod$, $\coprod$, $\bigotimes$, +$\bigoplus$, and so forth\mdash but excluding integrals (see below). + +\item[\opt{nosumlimits}] Always place the subscripts and superscripts of +summation-type symbols to the side, even in displayed equations. + +\item[\opt{intlimits}] Like \opt{sumlimits}, but for +integral\index{integrals!placement of limits} symbols. + +\item[\opt{nointlimits}] (default) Opposite of \opt{intlimits}. + +\item[\opt{namelimits}] (default) Like \opt{sumlimits}, but for certain +`operator names' such as $\det$, $\inf$, $\lim$, $\max$, $\min$, that +traditionally have subscripts \index{subscripts and +superscripts!placement} placed underneath when they occur in a displayed +equation. + +\item[\opt{nonamelimits}] Opposite of \opt{namelimits}. + +\end{description} + +To use one of these package options, put the option name in the optional +argument of the \cn{usepackage} command\mdash e.g., +\verb"\usepackage[intlimits]{amsmath}". + +The \pkg{amsmath} package also recognizes the following options which +are normally selected (implicitly or explicitly) through the +\cn{documentclass} command, and thus need not be repeated in the option +list of the \cn{usepackage}|{amsmath}| statement. +\begin{description} + +\item[\opt{leqno}] Place equation numbers on the left.\index{equation +numbers!left or right placement} + +\item[\opt{reqno}] Place equation numbers on the right. + +\item[\opt{fleqn}] Position equations at a fixed indent from the left +margin rather than centered in the text column.\index{displayed +equations!centering} + +\end{description} + +%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% +\chapter{Displayed equations} + +\section{Introduction} +The \pkg{amsmath} package provides a number of additional displayed +equation structures\index{displayed + equations}\index{equations|see{displayed equations}} beyond the ones +provided in basic \latex/. The augmented set includes: +\begin{verbatim} + equation equation* align align* + gather gather* flalign flalign* + multline multline* alignat alignat* + split +\end{verbatim} +(Although the standard \env{eqnarray} environment remains available, +it is better to use \env{align} or \env{equation}+\env{split} instead.) + +Except for \env{split}, each environment has both starred and unstarred +forms, where the unstarred forms have automatic numbering using +\latex/'s \env{equation} counter. You can suppress the number on any +particular line by putting \cn{notag} before the \cn{\\}; you can also +override\index{equation numbers!overriding} it with a tag of your own +using \cn{tag}|{|\