From 1b2671699108b2fb3f8e1a110832cfff3f6f6e10 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Karl Berry Date: Sat, 31 Oct 2009 17:17:00 +0000 Subject: mention security git-svn-id: svn://tug.org/texlive/trunk@15915 c570f23f-e606-0410-a88d-b1316a301751 --- .../texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-en/texlive-en.html | 1853 ++++++++++---------- Master/texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-en/texlive-en.pdf | Bin 984520 -> 986002 bytes Master/texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-en/texlive-en.tex | 43 +- 3 files changed, 967 insertions(+), 929 deletions(-) (limited to 'Master') diff --git a/Master/texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-en/texlive-en.html b/Master/texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-en/texlive-en.html index a511f034a2d..c5812a54674 100644 --- a/Master/texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-en/texlive-en.html +++ b/Master/texmf/doc/texlive/texlive-en/texlive-en.html @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ TeX Live 2009 - + @@ -46,163 +46,165 @@ href="#x1-40001.2" id="QQ2-1-4">Operating system support href="#x1-50001.3" id="QQ2-1-5">Basic installation of TEX Live
 1.4 Getting help +href="#x1-60001.4" id="QQ2-1-6">Security considerations +
 1.5 Getting help
2 Overview of TOverview of TEX Live
 2.1 The TThe TEX Collection: TEX Live, proTEXt, MacTEX
 2.2 Top level TEX Live directories +href="#x1-100002.2" id="QQ2-1-10">Top level TEX Live directories
 2.3 Overview of the predefined texmf trees +href="#x1-110002.3" id="QQ2-1-11">Overview of the predefined texmf trees
 2.4 Extensions to TExtensions to TEX
 2.5 Other notable programs in TOther notable programs in TEX Live
 2.6 Fonts in TFonts in TEX Live
3 Installation +href="#x1-150003" id="QQ2-1-15">Installation
 3.1 Starting the installer +href="#x1-160003.1" id="QQ2-1-16">Starting the installer
  3.1.1 Unix +href="#x1-170003.1.1" id="QQ2-1-17">Unix
  3.1.2 MacOSX +href="#x1-180003.1.2" id="QQ2-1-18">MacOSX
  3.1.3 Windows +href="#x1-190003.1.3" id="QQ2-1-19">Windows
  3.1.4 Cygwin +href="#x1-200003.1.4" id="QQ2-1-23">Cygwin
  3.1.5 The text installer +href="#x1-210003.1.5" id="QQ2-1-24">The text installer
  3.1.6 The expert graphical installer +href="#x1-220003.1.6" id="QQ2-1-25">The expert graphical installer
  3.1.7 The simplistic wizard installer +href="#x1-230003.1.7" id="QQ2-1-26">The simple wizard installer
 3.2 Running the installer +href="#x1-240003.2" id="QQ2-1-27">Running the installer
  3.2.1 Binary systems menu (Unix only) +href="#x1-250003.2.1" id="QQ2-1-28">Binary systems menu (Unix only)
  3.2.2 Selecting what is going to be installed +href="#x1-260003.2.2" id="QQ2-1-30">Selecting what is going to be installed
  3.2.3 Directories +href="#x1-270003.2.3" id="QQ2-1-33">Directories
  3.2.4 Options +href="#x1-280003.2.4" id="QQ2-1-34">Options
  3.2.5 Set up for running from DVD (text mode only) +href="#x1-290003.2.5" id="QQ2-1-36">Set up for running from DVD (text mode only)
 3.3 Command-line install-tl options +href="#x1-300003.3" id="QQ2-1-38">Command-line install-tl options
  3.3.1 The The -repository option
 3.4 Post-install actions +href="#x1-320003.4" id="QQ2-1-40">Post-install actions
  3.4.1 Windows +href="#x1-330003.4.1" id="QQ2-1-41">Windows
  3.4.2 If symlinks were created +href="#x1-340003.4.2" id="QQ2-1-42">If symlinks were created
  3.4.3 Environment variables for Unix +href="#x1-350003.4.3" id="QQ2-1-43">Environment variables for Unix
  3.4.4 Environment variables: global configuration +href="#x1-360003.4.4" id="QQ2-1-44">Environment variables: global configuration
  3.4.5 Font configuration for XeTEX -
  3.4.6 When running from DVD +href="#x1-370003.4.5" id="QQ2-1-45">Font configuration for XeTEX +
  3.4.6 When running from DVD
  3.4.7 ConTEXt Mark IV +href="#x1-390003.4.7" id="QQ2-1-47">ConTEXt Mark IV
  3.4.8 Integrating local and personal macros +href="#x1-400003.4.8" id="QQ2-1-48">Integrating local and personal macros
  3.4.9 Integrating third-party fonts +href="#x1-410003.4.9" id="QQ2-1-49">Integrating third-party fonts
 3.5 Testing the installation +href="#x1-420003.5" id="QQ2-1-50">Testing the installation
 3.6 Links for additional downloadable software +href="#x1-430003.6" id="QQ2-1-51">Links for additional downloadable software
4 Network installations +href="#x1-440004" id="QQ2-1-52">Network installations
5 Maximally portable TMaximally portable TEX Live on DVD and USB
6 tlmgr: Managing your installation
 6.1 tlmgr GUI mode
 6.2 Sample Sample tlmgr command-line invocations
7 Notes on Windows +href="#x1-490007" id="QQ2-1-59">Notes on Windows
 7.1 Windows-specific features +href="#x1-500007.1" id="QQ2-1-60">Windows-specific features
 7.2 Additional software included on Windows +href="#x1-510007.2" id="QQ2-1-61">Additional software included on Windows
 7.3 User Profile is Home +href="#x1-520007.3" id="QQ2-1-63">User Profile is Home
 7.4 The Windows registry +href="#x1-530007.4" id="QQ2-1-64">The Windows registry
 7.5 Windows permissions +href="#x1-540007.5" id="QQ2-1-65">Windows permissions
8 A user’s guide to Web2C +href="#x1-550008" id="QQ2-1-66">A user’s guide to Web2C
 8.1 Kpathsea path searching +href="#x1-560008.1" id="QQ2-1-67">Kpathsea path searching
  8.1.1 Path sources +href="#x1-570008.1.1" id="QQ2-1-68">Path sources
  8.1.2 Config files +href="#x1-580008.1.2" id="QQ2-1-69">Config files
  8.1.3 Path expansion +href="#x1-590008.1.3" id="QQ2-1-70">Path expansion
  8.1.4 Default expansion +href="#x1-600008.1.4" id="QQ2-1-71">Default expansion
  8.1.5 Brace expansion +href="#x1-610008.1.5" id="QQ2-1-72">Brace expansion
  8.1.6 Subdirectory expansion +href="#x1-620008.1.6" id="QQ2-1-73">Subdirectory expansion
  8.1.7 List of special characters and their meaning: a summary +href="#x1-630008.1.7" id="QQ2-1-74">List of special characters and their meaning: a summary
 8.2 Filename databases +href="#x1-640008.2" id="QQ2-1-75">Filename databases
  8.2.1 The filename database +href="#x1-650008.2.1" id="QQ2-1-76">The filename database
  8.2.2 kpsewhich: Standalone path searching +href="#x1-660008.2.2" id="QQ2-1-77">kpsewhich: Standalone path searching
  8.2.3 Examples of use +href="#x1-670008.2.3" id="QQ2-1-78">Examples of use
  8.2.4 Debugging actions +href="#x1-680008.2.4" id="QQ2-1-79">Debugging actions
 8.3 Runtime options +href="#x1-690008.3" id="QQ2-1-83">Runtime options
9 Acknowledgements +href="#x1-700009" id="QQ2-1-84">Acknowledgements
10 Release history +href="#x1-7100010" id="QQ2-1-85">Release history
 10.1 Past +href="#x1-7200010.1" id="QQ2-1-86">Past
  10.1.1 2003 +href="#x1-7300010.1.1" id="QQ2-1-87">2003
  10.1.2 2004 +href="#x1-7400010.1.2" id="QQ2-1-88">2004
  10.1.3 2005 +href="#x1-7500010.1.3" id="QQ2-1-89">2005
  10.1.4 2006–2007 +href="#x1-7600010.1.4" id="QQ2-1-90">2006–2007
  10.1.5 2008 +href="#x1-7700010.1.5" id="QQ2-1-91">2008
 10.2 Present +href="#x1-7800010.2" id="QQ2-1-92">Present
 10.3 Future +href="#x1-7900010.3" id="QQ2-1-93">Future

1

You may have acquired TEX Live by downloading, or on the TEX Collection DVD, which TEX usergroups -distribute among their members. Section 2.1 briefly describes the contents of this DVD. Both TEX Live and -the TEX user +groups distribute among their members, or in other ways. Section 2.1 briefly describes the contents of the +DVD. Both TEX Live and the TEX Collection are cooperative efforts by the TEX user groups. This document mainly describes TEX -Live itself. +class="E">EX user groups. This document +mainly describes TEX Live itself.

T

For a brief summary of the major changes in this edition of TEX Live, see the end of the document, section 10 (p. 72). +href="#x1-7100010">10 (p. 72).

1.2 Operating system support

@@ -254,17 +256,15 @@ Because of this change, Windows requires much less special treatment compared to are no special 64-bit executables for Windows, but the 32-bit executables should run on 64-bit systems.

See section 2.1 for alternate solutions for Windows and Mac OS X. +href="#x1-90002.1">2.1 for alternate solutions for Windows and Mac OS X.

1.3 Basic installation of TEX Live

You can install TEX Live either from DVD or over the Internet. The net installer itself is small, and downloads -everything requested from the Internet. The net installer is an attractive option if you need only a fraction of -the complete TEX Live. -

The DVD installer lets you install to a local disk, but you can also run T

The DVD installer lets you install to a local disk, but you can also run TEX Live directly from the DVD (or from a DVD image, if your system supports that). Installation is described in later sections, but here is a quick start: @@ -283,10 +283,29 @@ class="ec-lmss-10">tlmgr. Like the installer, it can be used in both GUI mode and in text mode. You can use it to install and uninstall packages and do various configuration tasks. -

+

1.4 Getting help

-

The TSecurity considerations +

To the best of our knowledge, the core TEX programs themselves are (and always have been) extremely +robust. However, the contributed programs in TEX Live may not reach the same level, despite everyone’s best +efforts. As always, you should be careful when running programs on untrusted input; for maximum safety, use +a new subdirectory. +

This need for care is especially urgent on Windows, since in general Windows finds programs in the current +directory before anything else, regardless of the search path. This opens up a wide variety of possible +attacks. We have closed many holes, but undoubtedly some remain, especially with third-party +programs. +

Finally, TEX (and its companion programs) are able to write files when processing documents, a feature +that can also be abused in a wide variety of ways. Again, processing unknown documents in a new subdirectory +is the safest bet. +

+

1.5 Getting help

+ + +

The TEX community is active and friendly, and most serious questions end up getting answered. However, the support is informal, done by volunteers and casual readers, so it’s especially important that you do your homework before asking. (If you prefer guaranteed commercial support, you can forgo Thttp://tug.org/interest.html#vendors has a list.) -

Here is a list of resources, approximately in the order we recommend using them: -

+

Here is a list of resources, approximately in the order we recommend using them: +

Getting Started
texmf-dist/doc on the Internet through http://www.tex.ac.uk/faq. Please check here first. - -
TEX Live, please write to class="ec-lmtt-10">--help option will provide a bug reporting address.
-

The other side of the coin is helping others who have questions. Both

The other side of the coin is helping others who have questions. Both comp.text.tex and texhax are open to anyone, so feel free to join, start reading, and help out where you can. -

+

2 Overview of TOverview of TEX Live

-

This section describes the contents of T

This section describes the contents of TEX Live and the TEX Collection of which it is a part. -

+

2.1 The TThe TEX Collection: TEX Live, proTEXt, MacTEX

-

The T

The TEX Collection DVD comprises the following: -

+

+ +

TCTAN
A snapshot of the CTAN repository (http://www.ctan.org). - -
texmf-extra
A directory with assorted additional packages.
-

CTAN,

CTAN, protext, and texmf-extra do not necessarily follow the same copying conditions as TEX Live, so be careful when redistributing or modifying. -

+

2.2 Top level TTop level TEX Live directories

-

Here is a brief listing and description of the top level directories in the T

Here is a brief listing and description of the top level directories in the TEX Live distribution. On the TEX Collection DVD, the entire TEX Live hierarchy is in a subdirectory texlive, not at the top level of the disc. -

+

bin
-

The T

The TEX system programs, arranged by platform.

readme-*.dir
-

Quick overview and useful links for T

Quick overview and useful links for TEX Live, in various languages, in both HTML and plain text.

source
-

The source to all included programs, including the main Web2C T

The source to all included programs, including the main Web2C TEX and Metafont distributions.

texmf
-

See

See TEXMFMAIN below.

texmf-dist
-

See

See TEXMFDIST below.

tlpkg
-

Scripts, programs and data for managing the installation, and some special support for Windows.

-

In addition to the directories above, the installation scripts and

Scripts, programs and data for managing the installation, and some special support for Windows. +

In addition to the directories above, the installation scripts and README files (in various languages) are at the top level of the distribution. -

For documentation, the comprehensive links in the top-level file

For documentation, the comprehensive links in the top-level file doc.html may be helpful. The documentation for the programs (manuals, man pages, Info files) is in texmf/doc. The documentation for @@ -539,9 +556,11 @@ class="E">EX packages and formats is in texmf-dist/doc. You can use the texdoc program to find any documentation wherever it is located. -

This T

This TEX Live documentation itself is in texmf/doc/texlive, available in several languages: + +

- - -

+

2.3 Overview of the predefined texmf trees

-

This section lists the predefined variables specifying the texmf trees used by the system, and their intended + id="x1-110002.3">Overview of the predefined texmf trees +

This section lists the predefined variables specifying the texmf trees used by the system, and their intended purpose, and the default layout of TEX Live. The command tlmgr conf shows the values of these variables, so that you can easily find out how they map to particular directories in your installation. -

+

TEXMFMAIN
-

The tree which holds vital parts of the system such as configuration files, helper scripts, and +

The tree which holds vital parts of the system such as configuration files, helper scripts, and program documentation.

TEXMFDIST
-

The tree which holds the main set of macro packages, fonts, etc. +

The tree which holds the main set of macro packages, fonts, etc.

TEXMFLOCAL
-

The tree which administrators can use for system-wide installation of additional or updated +

The tree which administrators can use for system-wide installation of additional or updated macros, fonts, etc.

TEXMFHOME
-

The tree which users can use for their own individual installations of additional or updated macros, +

The tree which users can use for their own individual installations of additional or updated macros, fonts, etc. The expansion of this variable dynamically adjusts for each user to their own individual directory.

TEXMFCONFIG
-

The tree used by the utilities

The tree used by the utilities texconfig, updmap, and fmtutil to store modified configuration @@ -614,7 +631,7 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFHOME by default. TEXMFSYSCONFIG

-

The tree used by the utilities

The tree used by the utilities texconfig-sys, updmap-sys, and fmtutil-sys to store modified @@ -623,7 +640,7 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">fmtutil-sys to store modified TEXMFVAR

-

The tree used by

The tree used by texconfig, updmap and fmtutil to store (cached) runtime data such as format @@ -633,13 +650,15 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFHOME by default. TEXMFSYSVAR

-

The tree used by

The tree used by texconfig-sys, updmap-sys and fmtutil-sys, and also by tlmgr, to store (cached) runtime data such as format files and generated map files.

-

The default layout is: +

The default layout is:

system-wide root
EX Live releases: 2008
-

A previous release. +

A previous release.

2009
-

The current release. +

The current release.

bin
-

  - - +

 

i386-linux
-

GNU/Linux binaries +

GNU/Linux binaries

...
-

+

universal-darwin
-

Mac OS X binaries +

Mac OS X binaries

win32
-

Windows binaries

+

Windows binaries

texmf   
-

This is

This is TEXMFMAIN.

texmf-dist  
-

TEXMFDIST

texmf-var   
-

TEXMFSYSVAR

texmf-config
-

TEXMFSYSCONFIG

texmf-local
-

TEXMFLOCAL, intended to be retained from release to release.

%USERPROFILE%) .texlive2008
-

Privately generated and configuration data for a previous release. +

Privately generated and configuration data for a previous release.

.texlive2009
-

Privately generated and configuration data for the current release. +

Privately generated and configuration data for the current release.

texmf-var   
-

TEXMFVAR

texmf-config
-

TEXMFCONFIG

+ +
texmf
-

TEXMFHOME Personal macros, etc.

-

+

2.4 Extensions to TExtensions to TEX

-

Knuth’s original T

Knuth’s original TEX itself is frozen, apart from rare bug fixes. It is still present in TEX Live as the program tex, and will remain so for the foreseeable future. EX Live contains several extended versions of TEX: -

- - +

e-EX extensions. See texmf-dist/doc/aleph/base for some minimal documentation.
-

+

2.5 Other notable programs in TOther notable programs in TEX Live

-

Here are a few other commonly-used programs included in T

Here are a few other commonly-used programs included in TEX Live: -

+

bibtex
-

bibliography support. +

bibliography support. + +

makeindex, xindy
-

index support. +

index support.

dvips
-

convert DVI to PostScript. +

convert DVI to PostScript.

xdvi
-

DVI previewer for the X Window System. +

DVI previewer for the X Window System.

dvilj
-

DVI drive for the HP LaserJet family. - - +

DVI drive for the HP LaserJet family.

dviconcat, dviselect
-

cut and paste pages from DVI files. +

cut and paste pages from DVI files.

dvipdfmx
-

convert DVI to PDF, an alternative approach to pdfT

convert DVI to PDF, an alternative approach to pdfTEX (mentioned above). See the ps4pdf and pdftricks packages for still more alternatives. class="ec-lmss-10">psselect, psnup,

-

PostScript utilities. +

PostScript utilities.

texexec, texmfstart
-

ConT

ConTEXt and PDF processor.

tex4ht
-

T

TEX to HTML (and XML and more) converter.

-

+

2.6 Fonts in TFonts in TEX Live

-

T

TEX Live comes with many high-quality scalable fonts. See http://tug.org/fonts and texmf-dist/doc/fonts/free-math-font-survey. -

+

3 Installation

-

+ id="x1-150003">Installation +

3.1 Starting the installer

-

To begin, get the TStarting the installer +

To begin, get the TEX Collection DVD or download the TEX Live net installer, and locate the installer script: install-tl for Unix, install-tl.bat for Windows. -

+

Net installer:
install-tl and install-tl.bat will be in the install-tl subdirectory. + +
Thttp://tug.org/usergroups.html), or purchasing it href="http://tug.org/store" class="url" >http://tug.org/store), or burning your own from the ISO image.
-

See

See http://tug.org/texlive/acquire.html for more information and other methods of getting the software. -

The following sections explain installer start-up in more detail. - - -

+

The following sections explain installer start-up in more detail. +

3.1.1 Unix
-

Below, Unix +

Below, > denotes the shell prompt; user input is bold. The script install-tl is a Perl script. The simplest way to start it on a Unix-compatible system is as follows:

-

+

> perl /path/to/installer/install-tl, or ./install-tl if it stayed executable, etc.; we won’t repeat all these variations.) You may have to enlarge your terminal window so that it shows the full text installer screen (Figure 1). -

To install in expert GUI mode (figure 2; you’ll need the 1). +

To install in expert GUI mode (figure 2; you’ll need the Perl/TK module), use:

-

+

>  install-tl -gui
-

For a complete listing of the various options:

-

+

For a complete listing of the various options:

+

>  install-tl -help
-

Warning about Unix permissions: Your umask at the time of installation will be respected by the TEX @@ -1051,17 +1068,17 @@ setting is sufficiently permissive, for instance, umask 002. For more information about umask, consult your system documentation. -

Special considerations for Cygwin: Unlike other Unix-compatible systems, Cygwin does not by default include all of the prerequisite programs needed by the TEX Live installer. See Section 3.1.4 for +href="#x1-200003.1.4">3.1.4 for details. -

+

3.1.2 MacOSX
-

As mentioned in section 2.1, a separate distribution is prepared for Mac OS X, named + id="x1-180003.1.2">MacOSX +

As mentioned in section 2.1, a separate distribution is prepared for Mac OS X, named MacTEX (EX distributions for Mac OS X (MacEX, gwTEX, Fink, MacPorts, …). -

MacT

MacTEX is firmly based on TEX Live, and the main TEX trees are precisely the same. It does add a few extra folders with Mac-specific documentation and applications. -

+ + +

3.1.3 Windows
-

If you are using the net installer, or the DVD installer failed to start automatically, double-click + id="x1-190003.1.3">Windows +

If you are using the net installer, or the DVD installer failed to start automatically, double-click install-tl.bat. For more customization options, e.g. selection of specific package collections, run install-tl-advanced.bat instead. -

You can also start the installer from the command-prompt. Below,

You can also start the installer from the command-prompt. Below, > denotes the prompt; user input is bold. If you are in the installer directory, run just:

-

+

> install-tl - -
-

Or you can invoke it with an absolute location, such as:

-

+

Or you can invoke it with an absolute location, such as:

+

> install-tl
for the TEX Collection DVD, supposing that D: is the optical drive. Figure 3 displays the wizard installer, +href="#x1-19083r3">3 displays the wizard installer, which is the default for Windows. -

To install in text mode, use:

-

+

To install in text mode, use:

+

> install-tl -no-gui
-

For a complete listing of the various options:

-

+

For a complete listing of the various options:

+

> install-tl -help
-



+ id="x1-19081r1">
  Installing TeX 2009 from: ...
  Platform: i386-linux x86 with GNU/Linux’
  Distribution: live (uncompressed)
  ...
   Detected x86 with GNU/Linux
  
   <B> out of 14
  
   <S> Installation scheme (scheme-full)
    required: 1882 MB
  
   Customizing installation scheme:
    <C> standard collections
    <L> language collections
  
   <D> directories:
    main TeX directory):
      /usr/local/texlive/2009
    site-wide local files):
      /usr/local/texlive/texmf-local
    automatically generated data):
      /usr/local/texlive/2009/texmf-var
    for local config):
      /usr/local/texlive/2009/texmf-config
    for user-specific files):
      ~/texmf
  
   <O> options:
    A4 by default
    all format files
    macro/font doc tree
    macro/font source tree
    to standard directories
  
   <V> running from DVD
  
  Other actions:
   <I> to hard disk
   <H> help
   <Q> quit

Figure 1: Main text installer screen (GNU/Linux)
+class="content">Main text installer screen (GNU/Linux)
-


-



+


+ id="x1-19082r2"> -

pict

Figure 2: Expert GUI installer screen (GNU/Linux)
+class="content">Expert GUI installer screen (GNU/Linux)
-


-



+


+ id="x1-19083r3"> -

pict

Figure 3: Wizard installer screen (Windows)
+class="content">Wizard installer screen (Windows)
-


-

+


+

3.1.4 Cygwin
-

The TCygwin +

The TEX Live installer supports only Cygwin 1.7. Before beginning the installation, use Cygwin’s setup.exe program to install the libXaw7 [needed by xdvi]

  • ncurses [provides the ’clear’ command used by the installer]
  • -

    +

    3.1.5 The text installer
    -

    Figure 1 displays the main text mode screen under Unix. The text installer is the default on + id="x1-210003.1.5">The text installer +

    Figure 1 displays the main text mode screen under Unix. The text installer is the default on Unix. -

    This is only a command-line installer; there is no cursor support at all. For instance, you cannot +

    This is only a command-line installer; there is no cursor support at all. For instance, you cannot tab around checkboxes or input fields. You just type something (case-sensitive) at the prompt and press the Enter key, and then the entire terminal screen will be rewritten, with adjusted content. -

    The text installer interface is this primitive for a reason: it is designed to run on as many platforms as +

    The text installer interface is this primitive for a reason: it is designed to run on as many platforms as possible, even with a very barebones Perl. -

    +

    3.1.6 The expert graphical installer
    -

    Figure 2 displays the expert graphical installer under GNU/Linux. Other than using buttons and menus, this + id="x1-220003.1.6">The expert graphical installer +

    Figure 2 displays the expert graphical installer under GNU/Linux. Other than using buttons and menus, this installer does not differ much from the text one (Figure 1). -

    This mode can be invoked explicitly with

    -

    +href="#x1-19081r1">1). +

    This mode can be invoked explicitly with

    +

    > install-tl -gui=perltk
    -

    +

    3.1.7 The simplistic wizard installer
    -

    Under Windows, the default is to run the simplest installation method we could devise, named the “wizard” -installer. It installs everything and asks almost no questions. If you want to customize your setup, you should -run one of the other installers. -

    This mode can be invoked explicitly with

    -

    + id="x1-230003.1.7">The simple wizard installer +

    Under Windows, the default is to run the simplest installation method we could devise, which we named the +“wizard” installer. It installs everything and asks almost no questions. If you want to customize your setup, +you should run one of the other installers. +

    This mode can be invoked explicitly with

    +

    >  -gui=wizard
    -

    +

    3.2 Running the installer

    -

    The installer is intended to be mostly self-explanatory, but following are a few notes about the various options + id="x1-240003.2">Running the installer +

    The installer is intended to be mostly self-explanatory, but following are a few notes about the various options and submenus. -

    +

    3.2.1 Binary systems menu (Unix only)
    -


    Binary systems menu (Unix only) +


    + id="x1-25033r4">
      Available sets of binaries:
      ===============================================================================
      
        Alpha with GNU/Linux
        x86 with Cygwin
        x86 with GNU/Linux
        x86 with NetBSD
        with Sun Solaris
         SGI IRIX
        PowerPC with AIX
        PowerPC with GNU/Linux
        Sparc with GNU/Linux
        Sparc with Solaris
        binaries for MacOSX/Darwin
          Windows
        GNU/Linux

    Figure 4: Binaries menu
    +class="content">Binaries menu
    -


    -

    Figure 4 displays the text mode binaries menu. By default, only the binaries for your current platform will +


    +

    Figure 4 displays the text mode binaries menu. By default, only the binaries for your current platform will be installed. From this menu, you can select installation of binaries for other architectures as well. This can be useful if you are sharing a TEX tree across a network of heterogenous machines, or for a dual-boot system.

    3.2.2 Selecting what is going to be installed
    -


    Selecting what is going to be installed +


    + id="x1-26027r5">
      Select a scheme:
      ===============================================================================
       a (plain and LaTeX)
       b ] ConTeXt scheme
       c full scheme (everything)
       d TeX Live scheme
       e TeX Live scheme
       f packages, some languages)
       g scheme (plain only)
       h ] Omega scheme
       i nowhere near full)
       j ] XML scheme
       k collections

    Figure 5: Scheme menu
    +class="content">Scheme menu
    -


    -

    Figure 5 displays the T


    +

    Figure 5 displays the TEX Live scheme menu; from here, you choose a “scheme”, which is an overall set of package collections. The default full scheme installs everything available, but you @@ -2042,64 +2059,64 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">medium or teTeX to get something in between. There are also various specialized and country-specific schemes. -



    + id="x1-26028r6"> -

    pict

    Figure 6: Collections menu
    +class="content">Collections menu
    -


    -

    You can refine your scheme selection with the ‘standard collections’ and ‘language collections’ menus +


    +

    You can refine your scheme selection with the ‘standard collections’ and ‘language collections’ menus (figure 6, shown in GUI mode for a change). -

    Collections are one level more detailed than schemes — in essence, a scheme consists of several collections, a +href="#x1-26028r6">6, shown in GUI mode for a change). +

    Collections are one level more detailed than schemes — in essence, a scheme consists of several collections, a collection consists of one or more packages, and a package (the lowest level grouping in TEX Live) contains the actual TEX macro files, font files, and so on. -

    If you want more control than the collection menus provide, you can use the

    If you want more control than the collection menus provide, you can use the tlmgr program after installation (see section 6); using that, you can control the installation at the package level. +href="#x1-460006">6); using that, you can control the installation at the package level.

    3.2.3 Directories
    -

    The default layout is described in section 2.3, p. 8. The default location of Directories +

    The default layout is described in section 2.3, p. 8. The default location of TEXDIR is different between Windows (%SystemDrive%\texlive\2009) and Unix (/usr/local/texlive/2009). -

    The main reason to change this default is if you lack write permission for the default location. You don’t +

    The main reason to change this default is if you lack write permission for the default location. You don’t have to be root or administrator to install TEX Live, but you do need write access to the target directory. -

    A reasonable alternative choice is a directory under your home directory, especially if you will be the sole +

    A reasonable alternative choice is a directory under your home directory, especially if you will be the sole user. Use ‘~’ to indicate this, as in ‘~/texlive/2009’. -

    We recommend including the year in the name, to enable keeping different releases of T

    We recommend including the year in the name, to enable keeping different releases of TEX Live side by side. (You may wish to make a version-independent name such as /usr/local/texlive-cur via a symbolic link, which you can then update after testing the new release.) -

    Changing

    Changing TEXDIR in the installer will also change TEXMFLOCAL, TEXMFSYSVAR and TEXMFSYSCONFIG. -

    TEXMFHOME is the recommended location for personal macro files or packages. The default value is ~/texmf. In contrast to EX. It expands to $HOME on Unix and %USERPROFILE% on Windows. -

    +

    3.2.4 Options
    -


    Options +


    + id="x1-28017r7">
       <P> default: [ ]
       <F>   [X]
       <D>   [X]
       <S>   [X]
       <L>  [ ]
         binaries to:
         manpages to:
        to:

    Figure 7: Options menu (Unix)
    +class="content">Options menu (Unix)
    -


    -

    Figure 7 shows the text mode options menu. More info: +


    +

    Figure 7 shows the text mode options menu. More info:

    use letter size instead of A4 by default:
    EX system through directories that are already kn class="ec-lmtt-10">/usr/local/bin, which don’t already contain any TEX files.
    -

    When all the settings are to your liking, you can type ‘I’ to start the installation process. When it is done, +

    When all the settings are to your liking, you can type ‘I’ to start the installation process. When it is done, skip to section 3.4 to read what else needs to be done, if anything. -

    +href="#x1-320003.4">3.4 to read what else needs to be done, if anything. +

    3.2.5 Set up for running from DVD (text mode only)
    -

    Type ‘Set up for running from DVD (text mode only) +

    Type ‘V’ to select this option. This changes the main menu into something as in figure 8. -


    8. +


    + id="x1-29051r8">
      ======================> TeX installation procedure <=====================
      ...
       <D> directories:
        TEXDIRW (Writable root):
        default location: /usr/local/texlive/2009
        a different one!
        site-wide local files):
          /usr/local/texlive/texmf-local
        automatically generated data):
          /usr/local/texlive/2009/texmf-var
        for local config):
          /usr/local/texlive/2009/texmf-config
        for user-specific files):
          ~/texmf
      
       <O> options:
        A4 by default
        all format files
      
       <V> to hard disk
      
      Other actions:
       <I> running from DVD
       <H> help
       <Q> quit
    Figure 8: The main menu with ‘from DVD’ set
    +class="ec-lmtt-10">from DVD
    ’ set
    -


    -

    Note the changes: all options about what to install have disappeared, and the directories section now talks +


    +

    Note the changes: all options about what to install have disappeared, and the directories section now talks about TEXDIRW or writable root. The symlinks option has also disappeared. -

    The installer will still create various directories and configuration files, but won’t copy

    The installer will still create various directories and configuration files, but won’t copy texmf or texmf-dist to hard disk. -

    Post-install configuration for Unix will be slightly more complicated, because now the directory layout +

    Post-install configuration for Unix will be slightly more complicated, because now the directory layout deviates from the default; see section 3.4. -

    This option is not in the GUI installer, but it is available both for Unix and for Windows. Windows users +href="#x1-320003.4">3.4. +

    This option is not in the GUI installer, but it is available both for Unix and for Windows. Windows users have to start the installer from a command prompt, see section 3.3. -

    Section 5 describes a more strictly portable way to run T3.3. +

    Section 5 describes a more strictly portable way to run TEX Live, which doesn’t make or require any changes in the system’s configuration, but doesn’t allow any configuration either.

    3.3 Command-line install-tl options

    -

    Type

    -

    + id="x1-300003.3">Command-line install-tl options +

    Type

    +

    >  -help class="ec-lmtt-10">- or -- can be used to introduce option names. These are the most common ones: -

    +

    -gui
    -

    If possible, use the GUI installer. +

    If possible, use the GUI installer. This requires the Perl/Tk module (http://tug.org/texlive/distro.html#perltk); if Perl/Tk @@ -2623,14 +2640,14 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive/distro.html#perltk); if Per -no-gui

    -

    Force using the text mode installer, even under Windows; you’ll need this if you want a ‘from +

    Force using the text mode installer, even under Windows; you’ll need this if you want a ‘from DVD’ installation, since that is not available in GUI mode.

    -lang LL
    -

    Specify the installer interface language as its standard two-letter code

    Specify the installer interface language as its standard two-letter code LL. Currently supported languages: English (en, default), German (vi). The installer tries to determine the right langua class="ec-lmtt-10">-profile file

    -

    The installer always writes a file

    The installer always writes a file texlive.profile to the tlpkg subdirectory of your installation. This option tells the installer to re-use such a profile file, so you can install in batch mode on @@ -2657,15 +2674,15 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">tlpkg subdirectory of your installation. class="ec-lmtt-10">-repository url-or-directory

    -

    Specify package repository from which to install; see following.

    -

    +

    Specify package repository from which to install; see following. +

    3.3.1 The The -repository option
    -

    The default package repository is a CTAN mirror chosen automatically via

    The default package repository is a CTAN mirror chosen automatically via http://mirror.ctan.org. -

    If you want to override that, the location value can be a url starting with

    If you want to override that, the location value can be a url starting with ftp:, http:, or file:/, or a @@ -2677,7 +2694,7 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">/’ characters and/or a trailing class="ec-lmtt-10">/tlpkg’ component are ignored.) -

    For example, you could choose a particular CTAN mirror with something like: +

    For example, you could choose a particular CTAN mirror with something like: http://ctan.example.org/tex-archive/systems/texlive/tlnet/, substituting a real hostname and its @@ -2686,111 +2703,111 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">ctan.example.org. The list of CTAN http://ctan.org/mirrors. -

    If the given argument is local (either a path or a

    If the given argument is local (either a path or a file:/ url), compressed files in an archive subdirectory of the repository path are used (even if uncompressed files are available as well). -

    +

    3.4 Post-install actions

    -

    Some post-install may be required. -

    + id="x1-320003.4">Post-install actions +

    Some post-install may be required. +

    3.4.1 Windows
    -

    But on Windows, the installer takes care of everything. -

    + id="x1-330003.4.1">Windows +

    But on Windows, the installer takes care of everything. +

    3.4.2 If symlinks were created
    -

    If you elected to create symlinks in standard directories (mentioned in section 3.2.4), then there is no need to + id="x1-340003.4.2">If symlinks were created +

    If you elected to create symlinks in standard directories (mentioned in section 3.2.4), then there is no need to edit environment variables. -

    +

    3.4.3 Environment variables for Unix
    -

    The directory of the binaries for your platform must be added to the search path. Each supported platform has + id="x1-350003.4.3">Environment variables for Unix +

    The directory of the binaries for your platform must be added to the search path. Each supported platform has its own subdirectory under TEXDIR/bin. See figure 4 for the list of subdirectories and corresponding +href="#x1-25033r4">4 for the list of subdirectories and corresponding platforms. -

    You can also add the documentation man and Info directories to their respective search paths, if you want +

    You can also add the documentation man and Info directories to their respective search paths, if you want the system tools to find them. The man pages might be found automatically after the addition to PATH. -

    For Bourne-compatible shells such as

    For Bourne-compatible shells such as bash, and using Intel x86 GNU/Linux and a default directory setup as an example, the file to edit might be $HOME/.profile (or another file sourced by .profile, and the lines to add would look like this: -

    +

      PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2009/bin/i386-linux:$PATH; export PATH
      MANPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2009/texmf/doc/man:$MANPATH; export MANPATH
      INFOPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2009/texmf/doc/info:$INFOPATH; export INFOPATH
    -

    For csh or tcsh, the file to edit is typically

    For csh or tcsh, the file to edit is typically $HOME/.cshrc, and the lines to add might look like: -

    +

      setenv PATH /usr/local/texlive/2009/bin/i386-linux:$PATH
      setenv MANPATH /usr/local/texlive/2009/texmf/doc/man:$MANPATH
      setenv INFOPATH /usr/local/texlive/2009/texmf/doc/info:$INFOPATH
    -

    If you already have settings somewhere in your “dot” files, naturally the T

    If you already have settings somewhere in your “dot” files, naturally the TEX Live directories should simply be merged in as appropriate. -

    +

    3.4.4 Environment variables: global configuration
    -

    If you want to make these changes globally, or for a user newly added to the system, then you are on + id="x1-360003.4.4">Environment variables: global configuration +

    If you want to make these changes globally, or for a user newly added to the system, then you are on your own; there is just too much variation between systems in how and where these things are configured. -

    Our two hints are: 1) you may want to check for a file

    Our two hints are: 1) you may want to check for a file /etc/manpath.config and, if present, add lines such as -

    +

      MANPATH_MAP /usr/local/texlive/2009/bin/i386-linux \
          /usr/local/texlive/2009/texmf/doc/man
    -

    And 2) check for a file

    And 2) check for a file /etc/environment which may define the search path and other default environment variables. -

    We also create a symbolic link named

    We also create a symbolic link named man in each (Unix) binary directory. Some man programs, such as the standard Mac OS X man, will automatically find that, obviating the need for any man page setup. -

    +

    3.4.5 Font configuration for XeTFont configuration for XeTEX
    -

    If you have installed the

    If you have installed the xetex package on a Unix-compatible system, you need to configure your system if you want XeTEX to be able to find the fonts shipped with Txetex package is installed (either at initial installation or later), the necessary configuration file is created in TEXMFSYSVAR/fonts/conf/texlive-fontconfig.conf. -

    To set up the T

    To set up the TEX Live fonts for system-wide use (assuming you have suitable privileges), proceed as follows:

    1. Copy the Copy the texlive-fontconfig.conf file to /etc/fonts/conf.d/09-texlive.conf.
    2. Run Run fc-cache -fsv.
    -

    If you do not have sufficient privileges to carry out the steps above, you can instead do the following to +

    If you do not have sufficient privileges to carry out the steps above, you can instead do the following to make the TEX Live fonts available to you as an individual XeTEX user:

    1. Copy the Copy the texlive-fontconfig.conf file to  /.fonts.conf, where   is your home directory.
    2. Run Run fc-cache -fv.
    -

    +

    3.4.6 When running from DVD
    -

    Normally, a TWhen running from DVD +

    Normally, a TEX Live program consults a file texmf.cnf for the location of the various trees. It looks for this file in a series of locations relative to its own location. However, this scheme breaks down when a program is @@ -2871,7 +2888,7 @@ this texmf.cnf. It is also still necessary to modify the PATH environment variable, as described before. -

    At the end of the installation, the installer should have printed a message giving the value to which +

    At the end of the installation, the installer should have printed a message giving the value to which TEXMFCNF should be set. In case you missed it: this value is $TEXMFSYSVAR/web2c. For the default, @@ -2879,44 +2896,44 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">$TEXMFSYSVAR/web2c. For the default, class="ec-lmtt-10">/usr/local/texlive/2009/texmf-var/web2c, you need the lines

      TEXMFCNF=/usr/local/texlive/2009/texmf-var/web2c; export TEXMFCNF
    -

    or, for [t]csh: +

    or, for [t]csh:

      setenv TEXMFCNF /usr/local/texlive/2009/texmf-var/web2c
    -

    This option is most useful when you want to run T

    This option is most useful when you want to run TEX Live on your own system, but don’t have enough disk space to install it. If you want a truly ‘portable’ TEX Live that is self-contained, e.g., for a USB stick, see section 5. -

    +href="#x1-450005">5. +

    3.4.7 ConTConTEXt Mark IV
    -

    The ‘old’ ConT

    The ‘old’ ConTEXt should run out of the box. The new ‘Mark IV’ ConTEXt will require manual setup; see http://wiki.contextgarden.net/Running_Mark_IV. -

    +

    3.4.8 Integrating local and personal macros
    -

    This is already mentioned implicitly in section 2.3: Integrating local and personal macros +

    This is already mentioned implicitly in section 2.3: TEXMFLOCAL (by default, /usr/local/texlive/texmf-local or TEXMFLOCAL to be too far away from the main TEX Live directory, or you will need to manually change future releases. -

    For both trees, files should be placed in their proper subdirectories; see

    For both trees, files should be placed in their proper subdirectories; see http://tug.org/tds or consult EX class file or package should be placed in TEXMFLOCAL/tex/latex or TEXMFHOME/tex/latex, or a subdirectory thereof. -

    TEXMFLOCAL requires an up-to-date filename database, or files will not be found. You can update it with the command mktexlsr or use the ‘Reinit file database’ button on the configuration tab of tlmgr in GUI mode. -

    +

    3.4.9 Integrating third-party fonts
    -

    This is unfortunately a messy topic. Forget about it unless you want to delve into many details of the TIntegrating third-party fonts +

    This is unfortunately a messy topic. Forget about it unless you want to delve into many details of the TEX installation. Don’t forget to check first what you get for free: see section 2.6. -

    A possible alternative is to use XeT2.6. +

    A possible alternative is to use XeTEX (see section 2.4), which lets you use operating system fonts without +href="#x1-120002.4">2.4), which lets you use operating system fonts without any installation in TEX. -

    If you do need to do this, see

    If you do need to do this, see http://tug.org/fonts/fontinstall.html for our best effort at describing the procedure. -

    +

    3.5 Testing the installation

    -

    After installing TTesting the installation +

    After installing TEX Live as best you can, you naturally want to test it out, so you can start creating beautiful documents and/or fonts. -

    This section gives some basic procedures for testing that the new system is functional. We give Unix +

    This section gives some basic procedures for testing that the new system is functional. We give Unix commands here; under Mac OS X and Windows, you’re more likely to run the tests through a graphical interface, but the principles are the same. -

    +

    1. Make sure that you can run the Make sure that you can run the tex program in the first place:
      -

      +

      > ... class="ec-lmtt-10">bin subdirectory in your PATH. See the environment-setting information on p. 39. +href="#x1-350003.4.3">39.
    2. Process a basic LATProcess a basic LATEX file:
      -

      +

      > EX-related environment variables for a start. (For a deep analysis, you can ask TEX to report on exactly what it is searching for, and finding; see “Debugging actions” on page 65.) +href="#x1-680008.2.4">65.)
    3. Preview the result online:
      -

      + class="enumerate" id="x1-42006x3">Preview the result online:
      +

      > Can’t open class="ec-lmtt-10">display’.
    4. Create a PostScript file for printing or display:
      -

      + class="enumerate" id="x1-42008x4">Create a PostScript file for printing or display:
      +

      >  sample2e.ps
    5. Create a PDF file instead of DVI; this processes the Create a PDF file instead of DVI; this processes the .tex file and writes PDF directly:
      -

      +

      >  sample2e.tex
    6. Preview the PDF file:
      -

      + class="enumerate" id="x1-42012x6">Preview the PDF file:
      +

      > http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf).
    7. Standard test files you may find useful in addition to Standard test files you may find useful in addition to sample2e.tex: -

      +

      small2e.tex
      -

      A simpler document than

      A simpler document than sample2e, to reduce the input size if you’re having troubles.

      testpage.tex
      -

      Test if your printer introduces any offsets. +

      Test if your printer introduces any offsets.

      nfssfont.tex
      -

      For printing font tables and tests. +

      For printing font tables and tests.

      testfont.tex
      -

      Also for font tables, but using plain T

      Also for font tables, but using plain TEX.

      story.tex
      -

      The most canonical (plain) T

      The most canonical (plain) TEX test file of all. You must type ‘\bye’ to the * prompt after @@ -3182,10 +3199,10 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">* prompt after class="ec-lmtt-10">tex story.tex’.

    8. If you have installed the If you have installed the xetex package, you can test its access to system fonts as follows:
      -

      +

      >  opentype-info.log. class="E">EX can find the fonts shipped with TEX Live. See Section 3.4.5. +href="#x1-370003.4.5">3.4.5.
    -

    +

    3.6 Links for additional downloadable software

    -

    If you are new to TLinks for additional downloadable software +

    If you are new to TEX, or otherwise need help with actually writing TEX or LATEX documents, please visit http://tug.org/begin.html for some introductory resources. -

    Links for some other tools you may consider installing: +

    Links for some other tools you may consider installing:

    Ghostscript
    http://tug.org/winedt or http://www.winedt.com.
    -

    For a much longer list of packages and programs, see

    For a much longer list of packages and programs, see http://tug.org/interest.html. -

    +

    4 Network installations

    -

    TNetwork installations +

    TEX Live has been designed to be shared between different users, and even different systems on a network. With a standard directory layout, no hard paths are configured: the locations for files needed by TEX Live @@ -3345,17 +3362,17 @@ programs are found relative to the programs. You can see this in the principal c class="ec-lmtt-10">$TEXMFMAIN/web2c/texmf.cnf, which contains lines such as

      TEXMFMAIN = $SELFAUTOPARENT/texmf
      ...
      TEXMFLOCAL = $SELFAUTOPARENT/../texmf-local
    -

    This means that adding the directory for T

    This means that adding the directory for TEX Live executables for their platform to their search path is sufficient to get a working setup. -

    By the same token, you can also install T

    By the same token, you can also install TEX Live locally and then move the entire hierarchy afterwards to a network location. -

    For Windows, a sample network installation script named

    For Windows, a sample network installation script named w32client can be downloaded through EX Live installation on a LAN. It also registers an uninstaller w32unclient, available in the same zip file. See the web page for more information. -

    +

    5 Maximally portable TMaximally portable TEX Live on DVD and USB

    -

    The ‘running from DVD’ option described in section 3.2.5 is fine for your own system, but if you are +

    The ‘running from DVD’ option described in section 3.2.5 is fine for your own system, but if you are a guest on somebody else’s system then you would probably like something with minimal side effects. -

    In the root of the T

    In the root of the TEX Live DVD, or the texlive subdirectory of the TEX Collection DVD, are a @@ -3396,15 +3413,15 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">tl-portable.bat batch file (Windows) which start up a shell/command prompt with environment settings for directly accessing the TEX Live on the DVD. -

    When it runs for the first time, some files will be generated in a directory

    When it runs for the first time, some files will be generated in a directory  /.tlportable2009, which will take a little time. On subsequent runs, though, it will start almost instantaneously. -

    The rest of the system will be unaware of T

    The rest of the system will be unaware of TEX Live. If you want your editor to be aware of this TEX Live, then you can start it from a second, parallel, such tl-portable session. -

    You can also use

    You can also use tl-portable to run TEX Live on a USB stick. In this case, copy all the top-level files and the contents of the cp -L). A texmf-local directory on the stick will also be found and used. -

    Then run

    Then run tl-portable from the root of the stick, as above. In this case, the script will notice that the stick is writable and use it for generated files. You could burn the resulting contents of the stick back to DVD if that is more convenient to (for example) give to others. -

    +

    6 tlmgr: Managing your installation

    -



    + id="x1-46001r9"> -

    pict

    Figure 9: tlmgr in GUI mode. The list of packages/collections/schemes only shows up after clicking -the ‘Load’ button.
    +the ‘Load’ button.
    -


    -



    +


    + id="x1-46002r10"> -

    pict

    Figure 10: tlmgr in GUI mode: Configuration tab
    +class="ec-lmtt-10">tlmgr in GUI mode: Configuration tab
    -


    -

    T


    +

    TEX Live includes a program named tlmgr for managing TEX Live after the initial installation. The @@ -3483,16 +3500,16 @@ the preferred interface. Its capabilities include:

  • listing, adding, and removing architectures;
  • changing installation options such as paper size and source location (see section 3.3.1).
  • -

    3.3.1). +

    Warning: tlmgr has not been designed for or tested with installations which run from DVD.

    6.1 tlmgr GUI mode

    -

    tlmgr can be started in GUI mode with

    -

    +

    > TeX Live 2009, TeX Live Manager. After clicking ‘Load’ it displays a list of available and installed packages — the latter prepended with ‘(i)’. This assumes of course that the installation source is valid and reachable. -

    Figure 10 shows the configuration tab. -

    +

    Figure 10 shows the configuration tab. +

    6.2 Sample Sample tlmgr command-line invocations

    -

    After the initial installation, you can update your system to the latest versions available with: +

    After the initial installation, you can update your system to the latest versions available with:

    -

    +

    >  update -all
    If this makes you nervous, first try
    -

    +

    >  -all -dry-run
    or (less verbose):
    -

    +

    >  update -list
    -

    This more complex example adds a collection, for the engine XeT

    This more complex example adds a collection, for the engine XeTEX, from a local directory:

    -

    +

    >  collection-xetex
    It generates the following output (abridged):
      install: collection-xetex
      install: arabxetex
      ...
      install: xetex
      install: xetexconfig
      install: xetex.i386-linux
      running post action for xetex
      install: xetex-def
      ...
      running mktexlsr
      mktexlsr: Updating /usr/local/texlive/2009/texmf/ls-R...
      ...
      running fmtutil-sys --missing
      ...
      Transcript written on xelatex.log.
      fmtutil: /usr/local/texlive/2009/texmf-var/web2c/xetex/xelatex.fmt installed.
    -

    As you can see,

    As you can see, tlmgr installs dependencies, and takes care of any necessary post-install actions, including updating the filename database and (re)generating formats. In the above, we generated new formats for XeTEX. -

    To describe a package (or collection or scheme):

    -

    +

    To describe a package (or collection or scheme):

    +

    >  collection-latexextra
    which produces
      package:    collection-latexextra
      category:   Collection
      shortdesc:  LaTeX supplementary packages
      longdesc:  packages for LaTeX.
      installed:  Yes
      revision:   14675
    -

    Last and most important, for full documentation see

    Last and most important, for full documentation see http://tug.org/texlive/tlmgr.html, or:

    -

    +

    > tlmgr -help
    -

    +

    7 Notes on Windows

    -

    TNotes on Windows +

    TEX Live has a single installer which runs on both Windows and Unix. This was only possible by dropping support for older Windows versions, so TEX Live can now be installed only on Windows 2000 and later. -

    +

    7.1 Windows-specific features

    -

    Under Windows, the installer does some extra things: + id="x1-500007.1">Windows-specific features +

    Under Windows, the installer does some extra things:

    Menus and shortcuts.
    The installer creates an entry under ‘Add/Remove Progr class="E">EX Live. The uninstall tab of tlmgr refers to this.
    -

    +

    7.2 Additional software included on Windows

    -

    To be complete, a TAdditional software included on Windows +

    To be complete, a TEX Live installation needs support packages that are not commonly found on a Windows machine. TEX Live provides the missing pieces: @@ -3781,16 +3798,16 @@ class="E">EX Live programs that need them know where to find them, PS_View.

    Also installed is PS_View, a PostScript and PDF viewer; see figure 11. -


    11. +


    pict
    Figure 11: PS_View: very high magnifications available!
    -


    +class="content">PS_View: very high magnifications available!
    +


    dviout.
    \font command. If necessary, run fc-cache first to update font information.
    -

    +

    7.3 User Profile is Home

    -

    The Windows counterpart of a Unix home directory is the User Profile is Home +

    The Windows counterpart of a Unix home directory is the %USERPROFILE% directory. Under Windows XP and Windows 2000, this is usually C:\Documents~ will expand appropriately on both Windows and Unix. -

    +

    7.4 The Windows registry

    -

    Windows stores nearly all configuration data in its registry. The registry contains a set of hierarchically + id="x1-530007.4">The Windows registry +

    Windows stores nearly all configuration data in its registry. The registry contains a set of hierarchically organized keys, with several root keys. The most important ones for installation programs are HKEY_CURRENT_USER and HKCU and HKLM in short. The HKCU part of the registry is in the user’s home directory (see section 7.3). 7.3). HKLM is normally in a subdirectory of the Windows directory. -

    In some cases, system information could be obtained from environment variables but for other information, +

    In some cases, system information could be obtained from environment variables but for other information, for example the location of shortcuts, it is necessary to consult the registry. Setting environment variables permanently also requires registry access. -

    +

    7.5 Windows permissions

    -

    In later versions of Windows, a distinction is made between regular users and administrators, where only the + id="x1-540007.5">Windows permissions +

    In later versions of Windows, a distinction is made between regular users and administrators, where only the latter have free access to the entire operating system. In practice, though, you could better describe these classes of users as unprivileged users and normal users: being an administrator is the rule, not the exception. Nevertheless, we have made an effort to make TEX Live installable without administrative privileges. -

    If the user is an administrator, there is an option to install for all users. If this option is chosen, shortcuts +

    If the user is an administrator, there is an option to install for all users. If this option is chosen, shortcuts are created for all users, and the system environment is modified. Otherwise, shortcuts and menu entries are created for the current user, and the user environment is modified. -

    Regardless of administrator status, the default root of T

    Regardless of administrator status, the default root of TEX Live proposed by the installer is always under %SystemDrive%. The installer always tests whether the root is writable for the current user. -

    A problem may arise if the user is not an administrator and T

    A problem may arise if the user is not an administrator and TEX already exists in the search path. Since the effective path consists of the system path followed by the user path, the new TEX Live would @@ -3899,14 +3916,14 @@ class="E">EXworks, if installed, also prepends TEX Live to the search path, so it should also be immune to this path problem. -

    For Vista there is another twist: even if you are logged in as administrator, you need to explicitly ask for +

    For Vista there is another twist: even if you are logged in as administrator, you need to explicitly ask for administrator privileges. In fact, there is not much point in logging in as administrator. Instead, right-clicking on the program or shortcut that you want to run usually gives you a choice ‘Run as administrator’. -

    +

    8 A user’s guide to Web2C

    -

    Web2C is an integrated collection of TA user’s guide to Web2C +

    Web2C is an integrated collection of TEX-related programs: TEX itself, Metafont, MetaPost, BibTeX, etc. It is the heart of TEX Live. The home page for Web2C, with the current manua http://tug.org/web2c. -

    A bit of history: The original implementation was by Tomas Rokicki who, in 1987, developed a first +

    A bit of history: The original implementation was by Tomas Rokicki who, in 1987, developed a first TEX-to-C system based on change files under Unix, which were primarily the original work of Howard Trickey and Pavel Curtis. Tim Morgan became the maintainer of the system, and during this period the name changed to Web-to-C. In 1990, Karl Berry took over the work, assisted by dozens of additional contributors, and in 1997 he handed the baton to Olaf Weber, who returned it to Karl in 2006. -

    The Web2C system runs on Unix, 32-bit Windows systems, Mac OS X, and other operating systems. It uses +

    The Web2C system runs on Unix, 32-bit Windows systems, Mac OS X, and other operating systems. It uses Knuth’s original sources for TEX and other basic programs written in the WEB literate programming system and translates them into C source code. The core TEX programs handled in this way are: -

    +

    bibtex
    -

    Maintaining bibliographies. +

    Maintaining bibliographies.

    dvicopy
    -

    Expands virtual font references in DVI files. +

    Expands virtual font references in DVI files.

    dvitomp
    -

    DVI to MPX (MetaPost pictures). +

    DVI to MPX (MetaPost pictures).

    dvitype
    -

    DVI to human-readable text. +

    DVI to human-readable text.

    gftodvi
    -

    Generic font proofsheets. +

    Generic font proofsheets.

    gftopk
    -

    Generic to packed fonts. +

    Generic to packed fonts.

    gftype
    -

    GF to human-readable text. +

    GF to human-readable text.

    mf
    -

    Creating typeface families. +

    Creating typeface families.

    mft
    -

    Prettyprinting Metafont source. +

    Prettyprinting Metafont source.

    mpost
    -

    Creating technical diagrams. +

    Creating technical diagrams.

    patgen
    -

    Creating hyphenation patterns. +

    Creating hyphenation patterns.

    pktogf
    -

    Packed to generic fonts. +

    Packed to generic fonts.

    pktype
    -

    PK to human-readable text. +

    PK to human-readable text.

    pltotf
    -

    Plain text property list to TFM. +

    Plain text property list to TFM.

    pooltype
    -

    Display

    Display WEB pool files.

    tangle
    -

    WEB to Pascal.

    tex
    -

    Typesetting. +

    Typesetting.

    tftopl
    -

    TFM to plain text property list. +

    TFM to plain text property list.

    vftovp
    -

    Virtual font to virtual property list. +

    Virtual font to virtual property list.

    vptovf
    -

    Virtual property list to virtual font. +

    Virtual property list to virtual font.

    weave
    -

    WEB to TEX.

    -

    The precise functions and syntax of these programs are described in the documentation of the individual +

    The precise functions and syntax of these programs are described in the documentation of the individual packages and of Web2C itself. However, knowing a few principles governing the whole family of programs will help you take advantage of your Web2C installation. -

    All programs honor these standard GNU options: +

    All programs honor these standard GNU options:

    --help
    -

    print basic usage summary. +

    print basic usage summary.

    --verbose
    -

    print detailed progress report. +

    print detailed progress report.

    --version
    -

    print version information, then exit.

    -

    For locating files the Web2C programs use the path searching library Kpathsea (

    print version information, then exit. +

    For locating files the Web2C programs use the path searching library Kpathsea (http://tug.org/kpathsea). This library uses a combination of environment variables and a configuration files to optimize searching the @@ -4072,11 +4089,11 @@ class="E">EX’s standard distribution and local and personal searches, the root of each tree has a file ls-R, containing an entry showing the name and relative pathname for all files under that root. -

    +

    8.1 Kpathsea path searching

    -

    Let us first describe the generic path searching mechanism of the Kpathsea library. -

    We call a Kpathsea path searching +

    Let us first describe the generic path searching mechanism of the Kpathsea library. +

    We call a search path a colon- or semicolon-separated list of path elements, which are basically directory names. A search path can come from (a combination of) many sources. To look up a file ‘.:/dir’, Kpathsea checks each element of the pat class="ec-lmtt-10">./my-file, then /dir/my-file, returning the first match (or possibly all matches). -

    In order to adapt optimally to all operating systems’ conventions, on non-Unix systems Kpathsea can use +

    In order to adapt optimally to all operating systems’ conventions, on non-Unix systems Kpathsea can use filename separators different from colon (‘:’) and slash (‘/’). -

    To check a particular path element

    To check a particular path element p, Kpathsea first checks if a prebuilt database (see “Filename database” on page 62) applies to 62) applies to p, i.e., if the database is in a directory that is a prefix of p. If so, the path specification is matched against the contents of the database. -

    If the database does not exist, or does not apply to this path element, or contains no matches, the +

    If the database does not exist, or does not apply to this path element, or contains no matches, the filesystem is searched (if this was not forbidden by a specification starting with ‘!!’ and if the file being searched for must exist). Kpathsea constructs the list of directories that correspond to this path element, and then checks in each for the file being sought. -

    The “file must exist” condition comes into play with ‘

    The “file must exist” condition comes into play with ‘.vf’ files and input files read by TEX’s \openin @@ -4115,25 +4132,25 @@ element is checked in turn: first the database, then the disk. If a match is fou is returned. -

    Although the simplest and most common path element is a directory name, Kpathsea supports additional +

    Although the simplest and most common path element is a directory name, Kpathsea supports additional features in search paths: layered default values, environment variable names, config file values, users’ home directories, and recursive subdirectory searching. Thus, we say that Kpathsea expands a path element, meaning it transforms all the specifications into basic directory name or names. This is described in the following sections in the same order as it takes place. -

    Note that if the filename being searched for is absolute or explicitly relative, i.e., starts with ‘

    Note that if the filename being searched for is absolute or explicitly relative, i.e., starts with ‘/’ or ‘./’ or ‘../’, Kpathsea simply checks if that file exists. -

    +

    8.1.1 Path sources
    -

    A search path can come from many sources. In the order in which Kpathsea uses them: -

    + id="x1-570008.1.1">Path sources +

    A search path can come from many sources. In the order in which Kpathsea uses them: +

    1. A user-set environment variable, for instance, A user-set environment variable, for instance, TEXINPUTS. Environment variables with a period and a program name appended override; e.g., if ‘latex’ is the name of the program being run, @@ -4142,25 +4159,25 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXINPUTS.latex will override TEXINPUTS.
    2. A program-specific configuration file, for example, a line ‘A program-specific configuration file, for example, a line ‘S /a:/b’ in dvips’s config.ps.
    3. A Kpathsea configuration file A Kpathsea configuration file texmf.cnf, containing a line like ‘TEXINPUTS=/c:/d’ (see below).
    4. The compile-time default.
    -

    You can see each of these values for a given search path by using the debugging options (see “Debugging actions” + class="enumerate" id="x1-57008x4">The compile-time default. +

    You can see each of these values for a given search path by using the debugging options (see “Debugging actions” on page 65). -

    +href="#x1-680008.2.4">65). +

    8.1.2 Config files
    -

    Kpathsea reads Config files +

    Kpathsea reads runtime configuration files named texmf.cnf for search path and other definitions. The search path used to look for these files is named \ at the end of a line acts as a continuation characte at the beginning of continuation lines is not ignored.

  • Each remaining line has the form:
    -

    +

      texmf.cnf for Unix, MS-DOS and Windows
  • All definitions are read before anything is expanded, so variables can be referenced before they are defined.
  • -

    A configuration file fragment illustrating most of these points is shown below: -

    +

    A configuration file fragment illustrating most of these points is shown below: +

      TEXMF   = {$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFMAIN}
      TEXINPUTS.latex   = .;$TEXMF/tex/{latex,generic;}//
      TEXINPUTS.fontinst = .;$TEXMF/tex//;$TEXMF/fonts/afm//
      % e-TeX related files
      TEXINPUTS.elatex   = .;$TEXMF/{etex,tex}/{latex,generic;}//
      TEXINPUTS.etex   = .;$TEXMF/{etex,tex}/{eplain,plain,generic;}//
    -

    +

    8.1.3 Path expansion
    -

    Kpathsea recognizes certain special characters and constructions in search paths, similar to those available in + id="x1-590008.1.3">Path expansion +

    Kpathsea recognizes certain special characters and constructions in search paths, similar to those available in Unix shells. As a general example, the complex path, ~$USER/{foo,bar}//baz, expands to all subdirectories under directories $USER’s home directory that contain a directory class="ec-lmtt-10">baz. These expansions are explained in the sections below.

    8.1.4 Default expansion
    -

    If the highest-priority search path (see “Path sources” on page 57) contains an Default expansion +

    If the highest-priority search path (see “Path sources” on page 57) contains an extra colon (i.e., leading, trailing, or doubled), Kpathsea inserts at that point the next-highest-priority search path that is defined. If that inserted path has an extra colon, the same happens with the next highest. For example, given an environment variable setting

    -

    +

    >  /home/karl: class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXINPUTS value from texmf.cnf of
    -

    +

      .:$TEXMF//tex
    then the final value used for searching will be:
    -

    +

      /home/karl:.:$TEXMF//tex @@ -4348,17 +4365,17 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10"> /home/karl:.:$TEXMF//tex
    -

    Since it would be useless to insert the default value in more than one place, Kpathsea changes only one +

    Since it would be useless to insert the default value in more than one place, Kpathsea changes only one extra ‘:’ and leaves any others in place. It checks first for a leading ‘:’, then a trailing ‘:’, then a doubled ‘:’. -

    +

    8.1.5 Brace expansion
    -

    A useful feature is brace expansion, which means that, for instance, Brace expansion +

    A useful feature is brace expansion, which means that, for instance, v{a,b}w expands to vaw:vbw. Nesting is allowed. This is used to implement multiple T

        TEXMF = {$TEXMFHOME,$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFVAR,!!$TEXMFMAIN} + id="x1-61002r1">    TEXMF = {$TEXMFHOME,$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFVAR,!!$TEXMFMAIN}
    -

    Using this you can then write something like +

    Using this you can then write something like

        TEXINPUTS = .;$TEXMF/tex// + id="x1-61004r1">    TEXINPUTS = .;$TEXMF/tex//
    -

    which means that, after looking in the current directory, the

    which means that, after looking in the current directory, the $TEXMFHOME/tex, $TEXMFLOCAL/tex, $TEXMF variable in all definitions, one is sure to always search the up-to-date tree first. -

    +

    8.1.6 Subdirectory expansion
    -

    Two or more consecutive slashes in a path element following a directory Subdirectory expansion +

    Two or more consecutive slashes in a path element following a directory d is replaced by all subdirectories of d: first those subdirectories directly under d, then the subsubdirectories under those, and so on. At each level, the order in which the directories are searched is unspecified. -

    If you specify any filename components after the ‘

    If you specify any filename components after the ‘//’, only subdirectories with matching components are included. For example, ‘/a//b’ expands into directories /a/1/1/b, and so on, but not /a/b/c or /a/1. -

    Multiple ‘

    Multiple ‘//’ constructs in a path are possible, but ‘//’ at the beginning of a path is ignored. -

    +

    8.1.7 List of special characters and their meaning: a summary
    -

    The following list summarizes the special characters in Kpathsea configuration files. -

    + id="x1-630008.1.7">List of special characters and their meaning: a summary +

    The following list summarizes the special characters in Kpathsea configuration files. +

    :
    -

    Separator in path specification; at the beginning or the end of a path it substitutes the default +

    Separator in path specification; at the beginning or the end of a path it substitutes the default path expansion.

    ;
    -

    Separator on non-Unix systems (acts like

    Separator on non-Unix systems (acts like :).

    $
    -

    Variable expansion. +

    Variable expansion.

    ~
    -

    Represents the user’s home directory. +

    Represents the user’s home directory.

    {...}
    -

    Brace expansion. +

    Brace expansion.

    //
    -

    Subdirectory expansion (can occur anywhere in a path, except at its beginning). +

    Subdirectory expansion (can occur anywhere in a path, except at its beginning).

    %
    -

    Start of comment. +

    Start of comment.

    \
    -

    Continuation character (allows multi-line entries). +

    Continuation character (allows multi-line entries).

    !!
    -

    Search

    Search only database to locate file, do not search the disk.

    -

    +

    8.2 Filename databases

    -

    Kpathsea goes to some lengths to minimize disk accesses for searches. Nevertheless, at installations with + id="x1-640008.2">Filename databases +

    Kpathsea goes to some lengths to minimize disk accesses for searches. Nevertheless, at installations with enough directories, searching each possible directory for a given file can take an excessively long time (this is especially true if many hundreds of font directories have to be traversed.) Therefore, Kpathsea can use an externally-built plain text “database” file named ls-R that maps files to directories, thus avoiding the need to exhaustively search the disk. -

    A second database file

    A second database file aliases allows you to give additional names to the files listed in ls-R. This can be helpful to confirm to DOS 8.3 filename conventions in source files. -

    +

    8.2.1 The filename database
    -

    As explained above, the name of the main filename database must be The filename database +

    As explained above, the name of the main filename database must be ls-R. You can put one at the root of each TEX hierarchy in your installation that you wish to be searched ($TEXMF by default). Kpathsea looks for ls-R files along the TEXMFDBS path. -

    The recommended way to create and maintain ‘

    The recommended way to create and maintain ‘ls-R’ is to run the mktexlsr script included with the distribution. It is invoked by the various ‘mktex’… scripts. In principle, this script just runs the command

    -

    +

    cd cron, so that it is automatically updated when the installed files change, such as after installing or updating a LATEX package. -

    If a file is not found in the database, by default Kpathsea goes ahead and searches the disk. If a particular +

    If a file is not found in the database, by default Kpathsea goes ahead and searches the disk. If a particular path element begins with ‘!!’, however, only the database will be searched for that element, never the disk. -

    +

    8.2.2 kpsewhich: Standalone path searching
    -

    The kpsewhich: Standalone path searching +

    The kpsewhich program exercises path searching independent of any particular application. This can be useful as a sort of find program to locate files in TEX hierarchies (this is used heavily in the distributed ‘mktex’… scripts).

    -

    +

    > option start with either ‘-’ or ‘--’, and any unambiguous abbreviation is accepted. -

    Kpathsea looks up each non-option argument on the command line as a filename, and returns the first file +

    Kpathsea looks up each non-option argument on the command line as a filename, and returns the first file found. There is no option to return all the files with a particular name (you can run the Unix ‘find’ utility for that). -

    The most common options are described next. -

    +

    The most common options are described next. +

    @@ -4574,7 +4591,7 @@ that). class="ec-lmtt-10">--dpi=num
    -

    Set the resolution to

    Set the resolution to num; this only affects ‘gf’ and ‘pk’ lookups. ‘dvips. Default is 600. class="ec-lmtt-10">--format=name

    -



    Set the format for lookup to name. By default, the format is guessed from the filename. For formats which do not have an associated unambiguous suffix, such as MetaPost support files and @@ -4602,7 +4619,7 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">kpsewhich --help for a list. class="ec-lmtt-10">--mode=string

    -



    Set the mode name to string; this only affects ‘gf’ and ‘pk’ lookups. No default: any mode will --must-exist

    -



    Do everything possible to find the files, notably including searching the disk. By default, only the ls-R database is checked, in the interest of efficiency. @@ -4621,7 +4638,7 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">ls-R database is checked, in the interest of efficienc class="ec-lmtt-10">--path=string

    -



    Search along the path string (colon-separated as usual), instead of guessing the search path from the filename. ‘--format’ class="ec-lmtt-10">--progname=name

    -



    Set the program name to name. This can affect the search paths via the .kpsewhich. class="ec-lmtt-10">--show-path=name

    -



    shows the path used for file lookups of file type name. Either a filename extension (.pk, --format’ option. class="ec-lmtt-10">--debug=num

    -



    sets the debugging options to num.

    -

    +

    8.2.3 Examples of use
    -

    Let us now have a look at Kpathsea in action. Here’s a straightforward search: + id="x1-670008.2.3">Examples of use +

    Let us now have a look at Kpathsea in action. Here’s a straightforward search:

    -

    +

    > tex/latex/base below the ‘texmf-distTEX Live directory. Similarly, all of the following are found without problems thanks to their unambiguous suffix.
    -

    +

    >   /usr/local/texmf-dist/bibtex/bib/beebe/tugboat.bib
    -

    By the way, that last is a BibTeX bibliography database for

    By the way, that last is a BibTeX bibliography database for TUGboat articles.

    -

    +

    > .pk’ files in TEX Live — the Type 1 variants are used by default.
    -

    +

    > .pk’ files, and since the default Metafont mode on our installation is ljfour with a base resolution of 600dpi (dots per inch), this instantiation is returned.
    -

    +

    > xdvi would go off and actually build the required .pk files using the script mktexpk. -

    Next we turn our attention to

    Next we turn our attention to dvips’s header and configuration files. We first look at one of the commonly used files, the general prologue tex.pro for Tdvips config) for the file config.ps.

    -

    +

    >   /usr/local/texmf/fonts/map/dvips/updmap/psfonts.map
    -

    We now take a closer look at the URW Times PostScript support files. The prefix for these in the standard +

    We now take a closer look at the URW Times PostScript support files. The prefix for these in the standard font naming scheme is ‘utm’. The first file we look at is the configuration file, which contains the name of the map file:

    -

    +

    >   /usr/local/texmf-dist/dvips/psnfss/config.utm
    The contents of that file is
    -

    +

      p +utm.map
    which points to the file utm.map, which we want to locate next.
    -

    +

    >  /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/map/dvips/times/utm.map
    This map file defines the file names of the Type 1 PostScript fonts in the URW collection. Its contents look like (we only show part of the lines):
    -

    +

    utmb8r  <utmr8a.pfb class="ec-lmtt-10">utmr8a.pfb and find its position in the texmf directory tree with a search for Type 1 font files:
    -

    +

    >   /usr/local/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/urw/times/utmr8a.pfb
    -

    It should be evident from these examples how you can easily locate the whereabouts of a given file. This is +

    It should be evident from these examples how you can easily locate the whereabouts of a given file. This is especially important if you suspect that the wrong version of a file is picked up somehow, since kpsewhich will show you the first file encountered. -

    +

    8.2.4 Debugging actions
    -

    Sometimes it is necessary to investigate how a program resolves file references. To make this practical, + id="x1-680008.2.4">Debugging actions +

    Sometimes it is necessary to investigate how a program resolves file references. To make this practical, Kpathsea offers various levels of debugging output: -

    +

     1
    -

    stat calls (disk lookups). When running with an up-to-date ls-R database this should almost give no output. @@ -4960,49 +4977,49 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">ls-R database this should almost  2

    -

    References to hash tables (such as

    References to hash tables (such as ls-R databases, map files, configuration files).

     4
    -

    File open and close operations. +

    File open and close operations.

     8
    -

    General path information for file types searched by Kpathsea. This is useful to find out where a +

    General path information for file types searched by Kpathsea. This is useful to find out where a particular path for the file was defined.

    16
    -

    Directory list for each path element (only relevant for searches on disk). +

    Directory list for each path element (only relevant for searches on disk).

    32
    -

    File searches. +

    File searches.

    64
    -

    Variable values.

    -

    A value of

    Variable values. +

    A value of -1 will set all the above options; in practice, this is usually the most convenient. -

    Similarly, with the

    Similarly, with the dvips program, by setting a combination of debug switches, one can follow in detail where files are being picked up from. Alternatively, when a file is not found, the debug trace shows in which directories the program looks for the given file, so that one can get an indication what the problem is. -

    Generally speaking, as most programs call the Kpathsea library internally, one can select a debug option by +

    Generally speaking, as most programs call the Kpathsea library internally, one can select a debug option by using the KPATHSEA_DEBUG environment variable, and setting it to (a combination of) values as described in the above list. -

    (Note for Windows users: it is not easy to redirect all messages to a file in this system. For diagnostic +

    (Note for Windows users: it is not easy to redirect all messages to a file in this system. For diagnostic purposes you can temporarily SET KPATHSEA_DEBUG_OUTPUT=err.log). -

    Let us consider, as an example, a small LAT

    Let us consider, as an example, a small LATEX source file, hello-world.tex, which contains the following input. @@ -5011,22 +5028,22 @@ input.

        \documentclass{article} + id="x1-68002r1">    \documentclass{article}
        \begin{document} + id="x1-68004r2">    \begin{document}
        Hello World! + id="x1-68006r3">    Hello World!
        \end{document} + id="x1-68008r4">    \end{document}
    -

    This little file only uses the font

    This little file only uses the font cmr10, so let us look at how dvips prepares the PostScript file (we want to use the Type 1 version of the Computer Modern fonts, hence the option -Pcms).

    -

    +

    > dvips’s debug class 4 (font paths) with Kpathsea class="ec-lmss-10">dvips Reference Manual, texmf/doc/dvips/dvips.pdf). The output (slightly rearranged) appears in Figure 12. -


    12. +


    @@ -5143,7 +5160,7 @@ class="ec-lmtt-9">=>/usr/local/texmf/dvips/cms/config.cms
    Figure 12: Finding configuration files
    +class="content">Finding configuration files
    kdebug:start /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/texc.pro
    Figure 13: Finding the prolog file
    +class="content">Finding the prolog file
    kdebug:start<cmr10.pfb>[1]
    Figure 14: Finding the font file
    +class="content">Finding the font file

    -

    dvips starts by locating its working files. First, texmf.cnf is found, which gives the definitions of the search paths for the other files, then the file database dvips command). This file contains the list of the map files which define the relation between the TEX, PostScript and file system names of the fonts.

    -

    +

    >  +amsbkm.map class="ec-lmss-10">dvips thus goes on to find all these files, plus the generic map file psfonts.map, which is always loaded (it contains declarations for commonly used PostScript fonts; see the last part of Section 8.2.3 for more details +href="#x1-670008.2.3">8.2.3 for more details about PostScript map file handling). -

    At this point

    At this point dvips identifies itself to the user:

    -

    +

    This is (www.radicaleye.com)
    Then it goes on to look for the prolog file texc.pro:
    -

    +


    kdebug:start search(file=texc.pro, => /usr/local/texmf/dvips/base/texc.pro
    -

    After having found the file in question,

    After having found the file in question, dvips outputs the date and time, and informs us that it will generate the file hello-world.ps, then that it needs the font file cmr10, and that the latter is declared as “resident” (no bitmaps needed):

    -

    +


    TeX outputcmr10.tfm, which is found, then a few more prolog file referenced, and finally the Type 1 instance cmr10.pfb of the font is located and included in the output file (see last line).
    -

    +


    kdebug:start search(file=cmr10.tfm,<cmr10.pfb>[1]

    8.3 Runtime options

    -

    Another useful feature of Web2C is its possibility to control a number of memory parameters (in particular, + id="x1-690008.3">Runtime options +

    Another useful feature of Web2C is its possibility to control a number of memory parameters (in particular, array sizes) via the runtime file texmf.cnf read by Kpathsea. The memory settings can be found in Part 3 of that file in the TEX Live distribution. The more important are: -

    +

    main_memory
    -

    Total words of memory available, for T

    Total words of memory available, for TEX, Metafont and MetaPost. You must make a new format file for each different setting. For instance, you could generate a “huge” version of TEX, and call @@ -5440,7 +5457,7 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf. extra_mem_bot

    -

    Extra space for “large” T

    Extra space for “large” TEX data structures: boxes, glue, breakpoints, etc. Especially useful if you use PI CTEX. @@ -5448,27 +5465,27 @@ class="E">EX. font_mem_size

    -

    Number of words for font information available for T

    Number of words for font information available for TEX. This is more or less the total size of all TFM files read.

    hash_extra
    -

    Additional space for the hash table of control sequence names. Only

    Additional space for the hash table of control sequence names. Only 10,000 control sequences can be stored in the main hash table; if you have a large book with numerous cross-references, this might not be enough. The default value of hash_extra is 50000.

    -

    Of course, this facility is no substitute for truly dynamic arrays and memory allocation, but since these are +

    Of course, this facility is no substitute for truly dynamic arrays and memory allocation, but since these are extremely difficult to implement in the present TEX source, these runtime parameters provide a practical compromise allowing some flexibility. -

    +

    9 Acknowledgements

    -

    TAcknowledgements +

    TEX Live is a joint effort by virtually all of the TEX user groups. This edition of TEX Live was overseen by @@ -5632,7 +5649,7 @@ class="E">EX Live, and coordinator of the many

  • Graham Williams, on whose work the TEX Catalogue of packages depends.
  • -

    Builders of the binaries: Peter Breitenlohner (

    Builders of the binaries: Peter Breitenlohner (x86_64-linux), Karl Berry (i386-linux, sparc-linux), Ken Brown @@ -5653,23 +5670,23 @@ class="E">EX Live build process, see http://tug.org/texlive/build.html. -

    Current documentation translators: Jjgod Jiang, Jinsong Zhao, Yue Wang, & Helin Gai (Chinese), Klaus +

    Current documentation translators: Jjgod Jiang, Jinsong Zhao, Yue Wang, & Helin Gai (Chinese), Klaus Höppner (German), Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard (French), Petr Sojka & Jan Busa (Czech/Slovak), Boris Veytsman (Russian), Staszek Wawrykiewicz (Polish). The TEX Live documentation web page is http://tug.org/texlive/doc.html. -

    Of course the most important acknowledgement must go to Donald Knuth, first for inventing T

    Of course the most important acknowledgement must go to Donald Knuth, first for inventing TEX, and then for giving it to the world. -

    +

    10 Release history

    -

    + id="x1-7100010">Release history +

    10.1 Past

    -

    Discussion began in late 1993 when the Dutch TPast +

    Discussion began in late 1993 when the Dutch TEX Users Group was starting work on its 4AllTEX CD for MS-DOS users, and it was hoped at that time to issue a single, rational, CD for all systems. This was too @@ -5693,7 +5710,7 @@ class="E">EX CD showed that Unix users would benefit from a similarly easy system, and this is the other main strand of TEX Live. -

    We first undertook to make a new Unix-based TDS CD in the autumn of 1995, and quickly identified +

    We first undertook to make a new Unix-based TDS CD in the autumn of 1995, and quickly identified Thomas Esser’s teTEX as the ideal setup, as it already had multi-platform support and was built with portability across file systems in mind. Thomas agreed to help, and work began seriously at the start of 1996. @@ -5713,7 +5730,7 @@ included almost all of its features. The 4th edition followed the same pattern, of teTEX, and a new release of Web2C (7.3). The system now included a complete Windows setup. -

    For the 5th edition (March 2000) many parts of the CD were revised and checked, updating hundreds of +

    For the 5th edition (March 2000) many parts of the CD were revised and checked, updating hundreds of packages. Package details were stored in XML files. But the major change for TEX Live 5 was that all non-free software was removed. Everything in Thttp://www.debian.org/intro/free); we have done our best to check the license conditions of all packages, but we would very much appreciate hearing of any mistakes. -

    The 6th edition (July 2001) had much more material updated. The major change was a new install concept: +

    The 6th edition (July 2001) had much more material updated. The major change was a new install concept: the user could select a more exact set of needed collections. Language-related collections were completely reorganized, so selecting any of them installs not only macros, fonts, etc., but also prepares an appropriate language.dat. -

    The 7th edition of 2002 had the notable addition of Mac OS X support, and the usual myriad of updates to +

    The 7th edition of 2002 had the notable addition of Mac OS X support, and the usual myriad of updates to all sorts of packages and programs. An important goal was integration of the source back with teTEX, to correct the drift apart in versions 5 and 6. -

    +

    10.1.1 2003
    -

    In 2003, with the continuing flood of updates and additions, we found that T2003 +

    In 2003, with the continuing flood of updates and additions, we found that TEX Live had grown so large it could no longer be contained on a single CD, so we split it into three different distributions (see section 2.1, +href="#x1-90002.1">2.1, p. 6). In addition: +href="#x1-90002.1">6). In addition:

    • At the request of the LATEX team, we changed the standard latex and pdflatex commands to now use e-TEX (see p. 10). +href="#x1-120002.4">10).
    • The new Latin Modern fonts were included (and are recommended).
    • @@ -5792,16 +5809,16 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf/web2c/cp8bit.tcx. (Future releases class="E">EX Live 2003.
    -

    +

    10.1.2 2004
    -

    2004 saw many changes: + id="x1-7400010.1.2">2004 +

    2004 saw many changes:

    • If you have locally-installed fonts which use their own .map or (much less likely) .enc support files, you may need to move those support files. -

      .map files are now searched for in subdirectories of fonts/map only (in each texmf tree), along @@ -5812,7 +5829,7 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">fonts/enc only, along the ENCFONTS path. updmap will attempt to warn about problematic files. -

      For methods of handling this and other information, please see +

      For methods of handling this and other information, please see http://tug.org/texlive/mapenc.html. @@ -5821,8 +5838,8 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">http://tug.org/texlive/mapenc.html. class="E">EX Collection has been expanded with the addition of a MiKTEX-based installable CD, for those who prefer that implementation to Web2C. See section 2 (p. 6). +href="#x1-80002">2 (p. 6).

    • Within TEX Live, the single large texmf tree of previous releases has been replaced by t class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf, texmf-dist, and texmf-doc. See section 2.2 (p. 7), and the 2.2 (p. 7), and the README files for each.
    • All TEXt, etc., as well as the e-TEX features (texmf-dist/doc/etex/base/). -

      It also means it’s

      It also means it’s more important than ever to use the ifpdf package (works with both plain and LATmpost) now accepts double quotes containing spaces and

        \input "filename with spaces"   % plain + id="x1-74002r1">  \input "filename with spaces"   % plain
        \input{"filename with spaces"}  % latex + id="x1-74004r2">  \input{"filename with spaces"}  % latex
      -

      See the Web2C manual for more:

      See the Web2C manual for more: texmf/doc/web2c.

    • encTt1utils programs. This is because they are compiled wi class="ec-lmss-10">mips-irix, the MIPSpro 7.4 runtimes are required.
    -

    +

    10.1.3 2005
    -

    2005 saw the usual huge number of updates to packages and programs. The infrastructure stayed relatively + id="x1-7500010.1.3">2005 +

    2005 saw the usual huge number of updates to packages and programs. The infrastructure stayed relatively stable from 2004, but inevitably there were some changes there as well: @@ -6053,8 +6070,8 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">texmf.cnf. In any case the real location of these file the values of TEXMFCONFIG and TEXMFSYSCONFIG must agree. See section 2.3, p. 8. +href="#x1-110002.3">2.3, p. 8.

  • Last year, we kept \pdfoutput and other primitives undefined for DVI output, even though the @@ -6078,10 +6095,10 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">^^ notation if you so desire,
      latex --translate-file=empty.tcx yourfile.tex + id="x1-75002r1">  latex --translate-file=empty.tcx yourfile.tex
    -

    +

  • The new program dvipdfmx is included for translation of DVI to PDF; this is an actively maintained @@ -6106,10 +6123,10 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">TEXMFSYSVAR, respectively. There is also TEXMFVAR, which is by default user-specific. See the first point above.
  • -

    +

    10.1.4 2006–2007
    -

    In 2006–2007, the major new addition to T2006–2007 +

    In 2006–2007, the major new addition to TEX Live was the XeTEX program, available as the xetex and @@ -6117,14 +6134,14 @@ class="ec-lmtt-10">xetex and class="ec-lmtt-10">xelatex programs; see http://scripts.sil.org/xetex. -

    MetaPost also received a notable update, with more planned for the future (

    MetaPost also received a notable update, with more planned for the future (http://tug.org/metapost/articles), likewise pdfTEX (http://tug.org/applications/pdftex). -

    The T

    The TEX .fmt (high-speed format) and the similar files for MetaPost and Metafont are now stored in subdirectories of tex or pdftex or xetex. This change should be invisible in normal use. -

    The (plain)

    The (plain) tex program no longer reads %& first lines to determine what format to run; it is the pure Knuthian TEX. (LATEX and everything else do still read %& lines). -

    Of course the year also saw (the usual) hundreds of other updates to packages and programs. As usual, +

    Of course the year also saw (the usual) hundreds of other updates to packages and programs. As usual, please check CTAN (http://www.ctan.org) for updates. -

    Internally, the source tree is now stored in Subversion, with a standard web interface for viewing the tree, +

    Internally, the source tree is now stored in Subversion, with a standard web interface for viewing the tree, as linked from our home page. Although not visible in the final distribution, we expect this will provide a stable development foundation for future years. -

    Finally, in May 2006 Thomas Esser announced that he would no longer be updating teT

    Finally, in May 2006 Thomas Esser announced that he would no longer be updating teTEX (EX Live, which provides an approximate equivalent.) We hope this will eventually translate to improvements in the TEX environment for everyone. -

    +

    10.1.5 2008
    -

    In 2008, the entire T2008 +

    In 2008, the entire TEX Live infrastructure was redesigned and reimplemented. Complete information about an installation is now stored in a plain text file tlpkg/texlive.tlpdb. -

    Among other things, this finally makes possible upgrading a T

    Among other things, this finally makes possible upgrading a TEX Live installation over the Internet after the initial installation, a feature MiKTEX has provided for many years. We expect to regularly update new packages as they are released to CTAN. -

    The major new engine LuaT

    The major new engine LuaTEX (http://luatex.org) is included; besides a new level of flexibility @@ -6182,57 +6199,57 @@ in typesetting, this provides an excellent scripting language for use both insid class="E">EX documents. -

    Support among Windows and the Unix-based platforms is now much more uniform. In particular, most +

    Support among Windows and the Unix-based platforms is now much more uniform. In particular, most Perl and Lua scripts are now available on Windows, using the Perl internally distributed with TEX Live. -

    The new

    The new tlmgr script (section 6) is the general interface for managing T6) is the general interface for managing TEX Live after the initial installation. It handles package updates and consequent regeneration of formats, map files, and language files, optionally including local additions. -

    With the advent of

    With the advent of tlmgr, the texconfig actions to edit the format and hyphenation configuration files are now disabled. -

    The

    The xindy indexing program (http://xindy.sourceforge.net/) is now included on most platforms. -

    The

    The kpsewhich tool can now report all matches for a given file (option –all) and limit matches to a given subdirectory (option –subdir). -

    The

    The dvipdfmx program now includes functionality to extract bounding box information, via the command name extractbb; this was one of the last features provided by dvipdfm not in dvipdfmx. -

    The font aliases

    The font aliases Times-Roman, Helvetica, and so on have been removed. Different packages expected them to behave differently (in particular, to have different encodings), and there was no good way to resolve this. -

    The

    The platex format has been removed, to resolve a name conflict with a completely different Japanese platex; the polski package is now the main Polish support. -

    Internally, the

    Internally, the WEB string pool files are now compiled into the binaries, to ease upgrades. -

    Finally, the changes made by Donald Knuth in his ‘T

    Finally, the changes made by Donald Knuth in his ‘TEX tuneup of 2008’ are included in this release. See http://tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb29-2/tb92knut.pdf. -

    +

    10.2 Present

    -

    In 2009, the default output format for Lua(LPresent +

    In 2009, the default output format for Lua(LA )TEX is now PDF, to take advantage of LuaTEX’s OpenType @@ -6244,9 +6261,9 @@ LuaTEX home page is http://luatex.org. -

    The original Omega engine and Lambda format have been excised, after discussions with the Omega +

    The original Omega engine and Lambda format have been excised, after discussions with the Omega authors. The updated Aleph and Lamed remain, as do the Omega utilities. -

    A new release of the AMS Type 1 fonts is included, including Computer Modern: a few shape +

    A new release of the AMS Type 1 fonts is included, including Computer Modern: a few shape changes made over the years by Knuth in the Metafont sources have been integrated, and the hinting has been updated. The Euler fonts have been thoroughly reshaped by Hermann Zapf (see http://tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb29-2/tb92hagen-euler.pdfhttp://www.ams.org/tex/amsfonts.html. -

    The new GUI front end T

    The new GUI front end TEXworks is included for Windows, and also in MacTEX. For other platforms, and more information, see the TEXworks home page, http://tug.org/texworks. It is a cross-platform front end inspired by the Mac OS X TeXShop editor, aiming at ease-of-use. -

    The graphics program Asymptote is included for several platforms. This implements a text-based graphics +

    The graphics program Asymptote is included for several platforms. This implements a text-based graphics description language vaguely akin to MetaPost, but with advanced 3D support and other features. Its home page is http://asymptote.sourceforge.net. -

    The separate

    The separate dvipdfm program has been replaced by dvipdfmx, which operates in a special compatibility mode under that name. dvipdfm release. The DVIPDFMx home page is http://project.ktug.or.kr/dvipdfmx. -

    Executables for the

    Executables for the cygwin and i386-netbsd platforms are now included, while the other BSD distributions have been dropped; we were advised that OpenBSD and FreeBSD users get TEX through their package systems, plus there were difficulties in making binaries that have a chance of working on more than one version. -

    A miscellany of smaller changes: we now use

    A miscellany of smaller changes: we now use xz compression, the stable replacement for lzma ($ is allowed in filenames when it does n name; the Kpathsea library is now multi-threaded (made use of in MetaPost); the entire TEX Live build is now based on Automake. -

    Final note on the past: all releases of T

    Final note on the past: all releases of TEX Live, along with ancillary material such as CD labels, are available at ftp://tug.org/historic/systems/texlive. -

    +

    10.3 Future

    + id="x1-7900010.3">Future -

    TEhttp://tug.org/texlive/contribute.html. -

    Please send corrections, suggestions, and offers of help to: +

    Please send corrections, suggestions, and offers of help to:

    -

    Happy T