From b4fc5f639874db951177ec539299d20908adb654 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>
Date: Mon, 9 Jan 2006 00:44:40 +0000
Subject: doc 4

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+
+% Copyright 2003, 2004 by Till Tantau <tantau@users.sourceforge.net>.
+%
+% This program can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
+% of the GNU Public License, version 2.
+
+
+\section{Themes}
+
+
+\subsection{Five Flavors of Themes}
+
+\emph{Themes} make it easy to change the appearance of a
+presentation. The \beamer\ class uses five different kinds of themes:
+\begin{description}
+\item[Presentation Themes]
+  Conceptually, a presentation theme dictates for every single detail
+  of a presentation what it looks like. Thus, choosing a particular
+  presentation theme will setup for, say, the numbers in enumeration
+  what color they have, what color their background has, what font is
+  used to render them, whether a circle or ball or rectangle or
+  whatever is drawn behind them, and so forth. Thus, when you choose
+  a presentation theme, your presentation will look the way someone
+  (the creator of the theme) thought that a presentation should look
+  like. Presentation themes typically only choose a particular color
+  theme, font theme, inner theme, and outer theme that go well
+  together. 
+\item[Color Themes]
+  A color theme only dictates which colors are used in a
+  presentation. If you have chosen a particular presentation theme
+  and then choose a color theme, only the colors of your presentation
+  will change. A color theme can specify colors in a very detailed
+  way: For example, a color theme can specifically change the colors
+  used to render, say, the border of a button, the background of a
+  button, and the text on a button.
+\item[Font Themes]
+  A font theme dictates which fonts or font attributes are used in a
+  presentation. As for colors, the font of all text elements used in a
+  presentation can be specified independently.
+\item[Inner Themes]
+  An inner theme specifies how certain elements of a
+  presentation are typeset. This includes all elements that are at the
+  ``inside'' of the frame, that is, that are not part of the headline,
+  footline, or sidebars. This includes all enumerations, itemize
+  environments, block environments, theorem environments, or the table of
+  contents. For example, an inner theme might
+  specify that in an enumeration the number should be typeset without
+  a dot and that a small circle should be shown behind it. The inner
+  theme would \emph{not} specify what color should be used for the
+  number or the circle (this is the job of the color theme) nor which font
+  should be used (this is the job of the font theme).
+\item[Outer Themes]
+  An outer theme specifies what the ``outside'' or ``border'' of the
+  presentation slides should look like. It specifies whether there are
+  head- and footlines, what is shown in them, whether there is a
+  sidebar, where the logo goes, where the navigation symbols and bars
+  go, and so on. It also specifies where the frametitle is put and how
+  it is typeset. 
+\end{description}
+
+The different themes reside in the four subdirectories |theme|, |color|,
+|font|, |inner|, and |outer| of the directory
+|beamer/themes|. Internally, a theme is stored as a normal style
+file. However, to use a theme, the following special commands should
+be used:
+
+\begin{command}{\usetheme\oarg{options}\marg{name list}}
+  Installs the presentation theme named \meta{name}. Currently, the
+  effect of this command is the same as saying |\usepackage| for the 
+  style file named |beamertheme|\meta{name}|.sty| for each \meta{name}
+  in the \meta{name list}.  
+\end{command}
+
+
+\begin{command}{\usecolortheme\oarg{options}\marg{name list}}
+  Same as |\usetheme|, only for color themes. Color style files
+  are named |beamercolortheme|\meta{name}|.sty|.
+\end{command}
+
+\begin{command}{\usefonttheme\oarg{options}\marg{name}}
+  Same as |\usetheme|, only for font themes. Font style files
+  are named |beamerfonttheme|\meta{name}|.sty|.
+\end{command}
+
+\begin{command}{\useinnertheme\oarg{options}\marg{name}}
+  Same as |\usetheme|, only for inner themes. Inner style files
+  are named |beamerinnertheme|\meta{name}|.sty|.
+\end{command}
+
+\begin{command}{\useoutertheme\oarg{options}\marg{name}}
+  Same as |\usetheme|, only for outer themes. Outer style files
+  are named |beameroutertheme|\meta{name}|.sty|.
+\end{command}
+
+If you do not use any of these commands, a sober \emph{default} theme
+is used for all of them. In the following, the presentation themes
+that come with the \beamer\ class are described. The element, layout,
+color, and font themes  are presented in the following sections.
+
+
+
+\subsection{Presentation Themes without Navigation Bars}
+
+A presentation theme dictates for every single detail
+of a presentation what it looks like. Normally, having chosen a
+particular presentation theme, you do not need to specify anything
+else having to do with the appearance of your presentation---the
+creator of the theme should have taken of that for you. However, you
+still \emph{can} change things afterward either by using a different
+color, font, element, or even layout theme; or by changing specific
+colors, fonts, or templates directly.
+
+When I started naming the presentation themes, I soon ran out of ideas
+on how to call them. Instead of giving them more and more cumbersome
+names, I decided to switch to a different naming convention:
+Except for two special cases, all presentation themes are named after
+cities. These cities happen to be cities in which or near which there
+was a conference or workshop that I attended or that a
+co-author of mine attended.
+
+If a theme has not been developped by me (that is, if someone else is
+to blame), this is indicated with the theme. I have sometimes slightly
+changed or ``corrected'' submitted themes, but I still list the
+original authors. 
+
+
+\begin{themeexample}{default}
+  As the name suggests, this theme is installed by default. It is a
+  sober no-nonsense theme that makes minimal use of color or font
+  variations. This theme is useful for all kinds of talks, except for
+  very long talks.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+
+\begin{themeexample}[{\opt{|[headheight=|\meta{head height}|,footheight=|\meta{foot height}|]|}}]{boxes}
+  For this theme, you can specify an arbitrary number of templates for
+  the boxes in the headline and in the footline. You can add a
+  template for another box by using the following commands.
+
+  \begin{command}{\addheadbox\marg{beamer color}\marg{box template}}
+    Each time this command is invoked, a new box is added to the head
+    line, with the first added box being shown on the left. All boxes
+    will have the same size.
+
+    The \meta{beamer color} will be used to setup the foreground and
+    background colors of the box.
+    \example
+\begin{verbatim}
+\addheadbox{section in head/foot}{\tiny\quad 1. Box}
+\addheadbox{structure}{\tiny\quad 2. Box}
+\end{verbatim}
+
+    A similar effect as the above commands can be achieved by directly
+    installing a head template that contains two |beamercolorbox|es:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\setbeamertemplate{headline}
+{\leavevmode
+\begin{beamercolorbox}[width=.5\paperwidth]{section in head/foot}
+  \tiny\quad 1. Box
+\end{beamercolorbox}%
+\begin{beamercolorbox}[width=.5\paperwidth]{structure}
+  \tiny\quad 2. Box
+\end{beamercolorbox}
+}
+\end{verbatim}
+    While being more complicated, the above commands offer more
+    flexibility.     
+  \end{command}
+
+  \begin{command}{\addfootbox\marg{beamer color}\marg{box template}}
+    \example
+\begin{verbatim}
+\addfootbox{section in head/foot}{\tiny\quad 1. Box}
+\addfootbox{structure}{\tiny\quad 2. Box}
+\end{verbatim}
+  \end{command}
+\end{themeexample}
+
+\begin{themeexample}[\oarg{options}]{Bergen}
+  A theme based on the |inmargin| inner theme and the |rectangles|
+  inner theme. Using this theme is not quite trivial since getting the
+  spacing right can be trickier than with most other themes. Also, this
+  theme goes badly with columns. You may wish to consult the remarks
+  on the |inmargin| inner theme.
+
+  Bergen is a town in Norway. It hosted \textsc{iwpec} 2004.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+
+\begin{themeexample}[\oarg{options}]{Boadilla}
+  A theme giving much information on little space.
+  The following \meta{options} may be given:
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item \declare{|secheader|} causes a headline to be inserted showing
+    the current section and subsection. By default, this
+    headline is not shown.
+  \end{itemize}
+
+  \themeauthor Manuel Carro. Boadilla is a village in the vicinity of
+  Madrid, hosting the Univeristy's Computer Science department.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+\begin{themeexample}[\oarg{options}]{Madrid}
+  Like the |Boadilla| theme, except that stronger colors are used and
+  that the itemize icons are not modified. The same \meta{options} as
+  for the |Boadilla| theme may be given.
+
+  \themeauthor Manuel Carro. Madrid is the capital of Spain.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+
+\begin{themeexample}{AnnArbor}
+  Like |Boadille|, but using the colors of the University of
+  Michigan.
+
+  \themeauthor Madhusudan Singh. The University of Michigan is located
+  at Ann Arbor.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+\begin{themeexample}{CambridgeUS}
+  Like |Boadille|, but using the colors of the MIT.
+
+  \themeauthor Madhusudan Singh.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+
+\begin{themeexample}{Pittsburgh}
+  A sober theme. The right-flushed frame titles creates an interesting 
+  ``tension'' inside each frame.
+
+  Pittsburgh is a town in the eastern USA. It hosts the second
+  \textsc{recomb} workshop of \textsc{snp}s and haplotypes, 2004.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+
+\begin{themeexample}[\oarg{options}]{Rochester}
+  A dominant theme without any navigational elements. It can be made less
+  dominant by using a different color theme.
+
+  The following \meta{options} may be given:
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item \declare{|height=|\meta{dimension}} sets the height of the
+    frame title bar.
+  \end{itemize}
+
+  Rochester is a town in upstate New York, USA. I visited Rochester in 2001.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+
+
+
+\subsection{Presentation Themes with a Tree-Like Navigation Bar}
+
+\begin{themeexample}{Antibes}
+  A dominant theme with a tree-like navigation at the top. The 
+  rectangular elements mirror the rectangular navigation at the
+  top. The theme can be made less dominant by using a different color
+  theme.
+
+  Antibes is a town in the south of France. It hosted \textsc{stacs} 2002.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+\begin{themeexample}{JuanLesPins}
+  A variation on the |Antibes| theme that has a much ``smoother''
+  appearance. It can be made less dominant by choosing a different
+  color theme.
+
+  Juan--Les--Pins is a cozy village near Antibes. It hosted \textsc{stacs} 2002.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+
+\begin{themeexample}{Montpellier}
+  A sober theme giving basic navigational hints. The headline can be
+  made more dominant by using a different color theme.
+
+  Montpellier is in the south of France. It hosted \textsc{stacs} 2004.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+
+
+\subsection{Presentation Themes with a Table of Contents Sidebar}
+
+\begin{themeexample}[\oarg{options}]{Berkeley}
+  A dominant theme. If the navigation bar is on the left, it dominates
+  since it is seen first. The height of the frame title is fixed to
+  two and a half lines, thus you should be careful with overly long
+  titles. A logo will be put in the corner area. Rectangular areas
+  dominate the layout. The theme can be made less dominant by using a
+  different color theme.
+
+  By default, the current entry of the table of contents in the
+  sidebar will be hilighted by using a more vibrant color. A good
+  alternative is to hilight the current entry by using a different
+  color for the background of the current point. The color theme
+  |sidebartab| installs the appropriate colors, so you just have to
+  say
+\begin{verbatim}
+\usecolorhteme{sidebartab}
+\end{verbatim}
+  This color theme works with all themes that show a table of contents
+  in the sidebar.
+
+  This theme is useful for long talks like lectures that require a
+  table of contents to be visible all the time.
+
+  The following \meta{options} may be given:
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item \declare{|hideallsubsections|} causes only sections to be
+    shown in the sidebar. This is useful, if you need to save
+    space.
+  \item \declare{|hideothersubsections|} causes only the subsections
+    of the current section to be shown. This is useful, if you need to
+    save  space.      
+  \item \declare{|left|} puts the sidebar on the left (default).
+  \item \declare{|right|} puts the sidebar on the right.
+  \item \declare{|width=|\meta{dimension}} sets the width of the
+    sidebar. If set to zero, no sidebar is created.
+  \end{itemize}
+
+  Berkeley is on the western coast of the USA, near San Francisco. I
+  visited Berkeley for a year in 2004.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+\begin{themeexample}[\oarg{options}]{PaloAlto}
+  A variation in the |Berkeley| theme with less dominance of
+  rectangular areas. The same \meta{options} as for the |Berkeley|
+  theme can be given. 
+
+  Palo Alto is also near San Francisco. It hosted the Bay Area Theory
+  Workshop 2004.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+\begin{themeexample}[\oarg{options}]{Goettingen}
+  A relatively sober theme useful for a longer talk that demands a
+  sidebar with a full table of contents.  The same \meta{options} as
+  for the |Berkeley| theme can be given. 
+
+  G\"ottingen is a town in Germany. It hosted the 42nd Theorietag. 
+\end{themeexample}
+
+\begin{themeexample}[\oarg{options}]{Marburg}
+  A very dominant variation of the |Goettingen| theme. The same
+  \meta{options} may be given.
+
+  Marburg is a town in Germany. It hosted the 46th Theorietag. 
+\end{themeexample}
+
+\begin{themeexample}[\oarg{options}]{Hannover}
+  In this theme, the sidebar on the left is balanced by
+  right-flushed frame titles.
+    
+  The following \meta{options} may be given:
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item \declare{|hideallsubsections|} causes only sections to be
+    shown in the sidebar. This is useful, if you need to save
+    space.
+  \item \declare{|hideothersubsections|} causes only the subsections
+    of the current section to be shown. This is useful, if you need to
+    save  space.      
+  \item \declare{|width=|\meta{dimension}} sets the width of the
+    sidebar.
+  \end{itemize}
+
+  Hannover is a town in Germany. It hosted the 48th Theorietag. 
+\end{themeexample}
+
+
+
+
+\subsection{Presentation Themes with a Mini Frame Navigation}
+
+\begin{themeexample}[\oarg{options}]{Berlin}
+  A dominant theme with strong colors and dominating rectangular
+  areas. The head- and footlines give lots of information and leave
+  little space for the actual slide contents. This theme is useful for
+  conferences where the audience is not likely to know the title of
+  the talk or who is presenting it.  The theme can be made less
+  dominant by using a different color theme.
+  
+  The following \meta{options} may be given:
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item \declare{|compress|} causes the mini frames in the headline to
+    use only a single line. This is useful for saving space.
+  \end{itemize}
+
+  Berlin is the capital of Germany.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+\begin{themeexample}[\oarg{options}]{Ilmenau}
+  A variation on the |Berlin| theme. The same \meta{options} may be
+  given.
+
+  Ilemanu is a town in Germany. It hosted the 40th Theorietag.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+\begin{themeexample}{Dresden}
+  A variation on the |Berlin| theme with a strong separation into
+  navigational stuff at the top/bottom and a sober main text. The same
+  \meta{options} may be given.
+
+  Dresden is a town in Germany. It hosted STACS 2001.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+
+\begin{themeexample}{Darmstadt}
+  A theme with a strong separation into a navigational upper part and
+  an informational main part. By using a different color theme, this
+  separation can be lessened.
+
+  Darmstadt is a town in Germany. 
+\end{themeexample}
+
+\begin{themeexample}{Frankfurt}
+  A variation on the |Darmstadt| theme that is slightly less cluttered
+  by leaving out the subsection information.
+
+  Frankfurt is a town in Germany. 
+\end{themeexample}
+
+\begin{themeexample}{Singapore}
+  A not-too-sober theme with navigation that does not dominate.
+
+  Singapore is located in south-eastern Asia. It hosted \textsc{cocoon} 2002.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+\begin{themeexample}{Szeged}
+  A sober theme with a strong dominance of horizontal lines. 
+
+  Szeged is on the south border of Hungary. It hosted \textsc{dlt} 2003.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+
+
+
+\subsection{Presentation Themes with Section and Subsection Tables}
+
+\begin{themeexample}{Copenhagen}
+  A not-quite-too-dominant theme. This theme gives compressed
+  information about the current section and subsection at the top and
+  about the title and the author at the bottom. No shadows are used,
+  giving the presentation a ``flat'' look. The theme can be made less
+  dominant by using a different color theme.
+
+  Copenhagen is the capital of Denmark. It is connected to Malm\"o by
+  the Øresund bridge.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+
+\begin{themeexample}{Luebeck}
+  A variation on the |Copenhagen| theme.
+
+  Lübeck is a town in nothern Germany. It hosted the 41st Theorietag.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+\begin{themeexample}{Malmoe}
+  A more sober variation of the |Copenhagen| theme.
+
+  Malmö is a town in southern Sweden. It hosted \textsc{fct} 2001.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+
+\begin{themeexample}{Warsaw}
+  A dominant variation of the |Copenhagen| theme.
+
+  Warsaw is the capital of Poland. It hosted \textsc{mfcs} 2002.
+\end{themeexample}
+
+
+\subsection{Presentation Themes Included For Compatibility}
+
+Earlier versions of \beamer\ included some further themes. These
+themes are still available for compatibility, though they are now
+implemented differently (they also mainly install appropriate color,
+font, inner, and outer themes). However, they may or may not honour
+color themes and they will not be supported in the future. The
+following list shows which of the new themes should be used instead of
+the old themes. (When switching, you may want to use the font theme
+|structurebold| with the option |onlysmall|.)
+
+\medskip
+\begin{tabular}{lp{13cm}}
+  Old theme & Replacement options \\\hline
+  none & Use |compatibility|. \\
+  |bars| & Try |Dresden| instead. \\
+  |classic| & Try |Singapore| instead. \\
+  |lined| & Try |Szeged| instead. \\
+  |plain| & Try none or |Pittsburgh| instead. \\
+  |sidebar| & Try |Goettingen| for the light version and |Marburg| for
+  the dark version. \\
+  |shadow| & Try |Warsaw| instead. \\
+  |split| & Try |Malmoe| instead. \\
+  |tree| & Try |Montpellier| and, for the bars version, |Antibes| or
+  |JuansLesPins|. 
+\end{tabular}
+
+
+%%% Local Variables: 
+%%% mode: latex
+%%% TeX-master: "beameruserguide"
+%%% End: 
-- 
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