From 2ffd6cc1ac4d172e050150ee9a20d41311244f13 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Karl Berry Date: Wed, 22 Feb 2012 00:27:23 +0000 Subject: wsuipa doc in fonts, luecking mail 20 Feb 2012 23:31:12 git-svn-id: svn://tug.org/texlive/trunk@25469 c570f23f-e606-0410-a88d-b1316a301751 --- .../doc/fonts/wsuipa/latex209/ipalman.tex | 629 ++++++++++++++++ .../doc/fonts/wsuipa/latex209/lipaman.tex | 813 +++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 1442 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/wsuipa/latex209/ipalman.tex create mode 100644 Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/wsuipa/latex209/lipaman.tex (limited to 'Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/wsuipa/latex209') diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/wsuipa/latex209/ipalman.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/wsuipa/latex209/ipalman.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..abae1333b2b --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/wsuipa/latex209/ipalman.tex @@ -0,0 +1,629 @@ +% Please see the file LICENCE-wsuipa.txt for licensing information. + +\documentstyle[12pt,ipalmacs]{article} +\def\tenbf{\fontfamily{cmr}\fontseries{bx}\fontshape{n}\fontsize{10}{12pt} + \selectfont} +%\input ipamacs + +\font\smokefont=wsuipa17 +\font\mf=cmr10 +\def\deg{$^\circ$} + +\def\vs #1{\vskip #1} +\def\meta{{\mf METAFONT}} +\def\wsu{{\ WSUIPA}} +\def\ipam{{ IPAMACS}} +\def\PL{{\it Phonetic Symbol Guide}} + +\def\pos#1{\vs{10pt}\hrule width 1in\vs{1pt}\hrule width 1in + \noindent\begin{tabular}{rl} + \tenbf WSUIPA Char' Position: & #1\\ } +\def\pl#1{\tenbf Pullum \&\ Ladusaw name: & #1\\ } +\def\mac#1{\tenbf IPAMACS Name: & \tt\char'134 #1\\ } +\def\smoke#1{\tenbf IPA Character: & \smokefont\char#1 + \end{tabular}} + +\begin{document} +\title{ Using the WSU International Phonetic Alphabet -- \LaTeX\ Version} +\author{} % Janene Winter +\date{April 22, 1992} % \LaTeX version, J"org Knappen +\maketitle + +\section{Preface} + +This users guide is intended to serve as a help and supplement to the +Washington State University International Phonetic Alphabet (\wsu) fonts. +It is not intended to be a manual on \TeX, linguistics, or the correct usage of +the characters, accents and diacritics contained within the font. +It is assumed that the user is familiar with the version of \TeX\ he or she is +using and with the characters contained within the \wsu\ font. +Because the uses for a phonetic alphabet font are probably as varied as the +many disciplines which use the characters, this guide is intended to merely +show some of the most common ways of using the \wsu\ font. Surely each person +who implements the font will develop his or her own favorite way of working with + and +using the font. + +The principal +source of information regarding the characters and their shapes has come from +sources within the linguistic field---most +notably, Geoffrey K. Pullum and William A. Ladusaw, whose book, {\it Phonetic +Symbol Guide} was used extensively. +The \PL\ not only lists the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) characters +and diacritics, it also +gives an enlarged illustration of each character which shows its baseline, +height, depth and x-height. These character illustrations were invaluable +in the design of the \wsu\ \meta\ characters. + +Several other people involved +in the wonderful world of linguistics also aided in the design of the \wsu\ +font. Their input concerning everything +from character shape, to placement within the font, to determining which +characters should be included, is gratefully acknowledged. I would especially +like to thank Karen Mullen, Associate Professor of English, University of +Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky. She tested, used the \wsu\ fonts, and took +the time to give several suggestions and recommendations that have improved +the font. Also, Christina A. Thiele, Managing Director, Journal Production + Centre, +Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, who not only provided a wealth +of phonetic information, but also a wealth of encouragement throughout +the entire font designing process. + + +Included with the \wsu\ fonts are: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item +The basic \wsu\ font which contains 128 phonetic characters +and/or diacritics in five different point sizes (8, +9, 10, 11 and 12) and in +three typefaces (roman, slanted and bold extended). + +\item Each size and typeface includes a TFM (\TeX\ Font Metric) +file and its related GF, PK or PXL file. + +\item A macro package (\ipam.TEX) for use with the \wsu\ font, and + +\item the {\it WSUIPA Font User's Guide}. +\end{enumerate} + +This guide is divided into three main sections: 1) an introduction to the \wsu\ +font, +2) a description of the font layout and the characters included in the font +and 3) some \TeX niques for use with the \wsu\ fonts. + +Although the \wsu\ fonts are written in \meta , the user does not need +experience with or knowledge of \meta\ to use the font. However, at least a +beginning understanding of \TeX\ and the use of fonts in the \TeX\ environment +{\it is} necessary. For information about either \TeX\ or font usage in \TeX , +see {\it The \TeX book} by Donald Knuth. + +\section{Introduction to the WSUIPA Font} + +The \wsu\ fonts are written in \meta\ and use the same font parameter values +as their Computer Modern (CM) counterparts (cmr and cmbx). In fact, while +designing the character shapes, the computer modern code was left intact or +modified only slightly whenever possible. Therefore, the \wsu\ fonts +are totally compatible with computer modern fonts---the design and shape +of the characters are computer modern wherever possible. For the characters +that are drastically different from any computer modern characters or symbols, +such as the ``Gamma,'' ``Baby Gamma'' and the ``Esh,'' Pullum and Ladusaw's +{\it Phonetic Symbol Guide} was used as the character design +standard. + +The \wsu\ fonts are obviously not an exhaustive collection of phonetic or +even recognized International Phonetic Alphabet characters. The characters +included in the \wsu\ font were chosen either because they were listed +as a ``major'' entry in Pullum and Ladusaw's {\it Guide\/}, +or because of the recommendations from +various people with an interest in the font. + +The {\it Guide} contains what it classifies as ``major'' and ``minor'' +characters, based upon whether the symbol is an officially recognized IPA +character or is determined by Pullum and Ladusaw +to be a standard symbol in current American +transcriptual practice. The {\it Guide} +lists 78 ``major'' entries which are not easily +attainable in the CM fonts. All 78 of these characters are included in the +\wsu\ font, along with 50 ``minor'' entries from the {\it Guide}. +The selection of which +``minor'' entries to include was based on information and requests from +various phoneticians and linguists who contacted WSU during the beginning +stages of the creation of the font. + +\section{The Layout of the WSUIPA Font} + +The character-grouping pattern followed by Pullum and Ladusaw in their +{\it Guide} was adopted as the basis +for the \wsu\ font layout. The characters +are grouped together according to shape rather than usage. Therefore, +the ``a'' shapes occupy +the first positions: '00 through '04, ``b'' shapes are in positions '05 +through '11 and so forth. The accents and diacritics follow the character +shapes and are in the last positions in the font. This approach was taken +because under it was assumed that under most circumstances, +the user would most likely be accessing the characters with the use of macros +rather than by typing large portions of entirely phonetic text. +Aside from keeping like shapes together, the positioning of the +\wsu\ font was fairly arbitrary. + +\section{Character Description} + +Within this section each of the \wsu\ characters are shown in a \meta\ +``smoke mode'' proof. The octal character position is indicated, along with the +corresponding macro name in \ipam, and the +name of the character given in P\&L. +Only the roman characters will be illustrated since the shapes of the slanted +and bold extended are the same. + +There are several Greek characters included in the \wsu\ font, and initially +it may appear these are merely copies of the corresponding CM Greek characters. +That is true with one very important distinction: the \wsu\ Greek characters +included are not italic. All the lowercase Greek characters included in +the CM fonts are italic which makes them unsuitable for some situations in +phonetics where a non-italic Greek character is essential. +\newpage +\raggedbottom +\vbox{ \pos{'00}\mac{inva}\pl{turned a}\smoke{'00}} + +\vbox{ \pos{'01}\mac{scripta}\pl{script a}\smoke{'01}} + +\vbox{ \pos{'02}\mac{nialpha}\pl{lowercase non-italic alpha}\smoke{'02} +} + +\vbox{\pos{'03}\mac{invscripta}\pl{turned script a}\smoke{'03}} + +\vbox{\pos{'04}\mac{invv}\pl{inverted v}\smoke{'04}} + +\vbox{\pos{'05}\mac{crossb}\pl{crossed b}\smoke{'05}} + +\vbox{\pos{'06}\mac{barb}\pl{barred b}\smoke{'06}} + +\vbox{\pos{'07}\mac{slashb}\pl{slashed b}\smoke{'07}} + +\vbox{\pos{'10}\mac{hookb}\pl{hooktop b}\smoke{'10}} + +\vbox{\pos{'11}\mac{nibeta}\pl{non-italic lowercase beta}\smoke{'11}} + +\vbox{\pos{'12}\mac{slashc}\pl{slashed c}\smoke{'12}} + +\vbox{\pos{'13}\mac{curlyc}\pl{curly-tail c}\smoke{'13}} + +\vbox{\pos{'14}\mac{clickc}\pl{stretched c}\smoke{'14}} + +\vbox{\pos{'15}\mac{crossd}\pl{crossed d}\smoke{'15}} + +\vbox{\pos{'16}\mac{bard}\pl{barred d}\smoke{'16}} + +\vbox{\pos{'17}\mac{slashd}\pl{slashed d}\smoke{'17}} + +\vbox{\pos{'20}\mac{hookd}\pl{hooktop d}\smoke{'20}} + +\vbox{\pos{'21}\mac{taild}\pl{right-tail d}\smoke{'21}} + +\vbox{\pos{'22}\mac{dz}\pl{d-yogh ligature}\smoke{'22}} + +\vbox{\pos{'23}\mac{eth}\pl{eth}\smoke{'23}} + +\vbox{\pos{'24}\mac{scd}\pl{small capital D}\smoke{'24}} + +\vbox{\pos{'25}\mac{schwa}\pl{schwa}\smoke{'25}} + +\vbox{\pos{'26}\mac{er}\pl{right-hook schwa}\smoke{'26}} + +\vbox{\pos{'27}\mac{reve}\pl{reversed e}\smoke{'27}} + +\vbox{\pos{'30}\mac{niepsilon}\pl{non-italic greek epsilon}\smoke{'30}} + +\vbox{\pos{'31}\mac{revepsilon}\pl{reversed non-italic epsilon}\smoke{'31}} + +\vbox{\pos{'32}\mac{hookrevepsilon}\pl{right-hook reversed non-italic epsilon} +\smoke{'32}} + +\vbox{\pos{'33}\mac{closedrevepsilon}\pl{closed reversed non-italic epsilon} +\smoke{'33}} + +\vbox{\pos{'34}\mac{scriptg}\pl{lowercase variant g}\smoke{'34}} + +\vbox{\pos{'35}\mac{hookg}\pl{hooktop g}\smoke{'35}} + +\vbox{\pos{'36}\mac{scg}\pl{small capital G}\smoke{'36}} + +\vbox{\pos{'37}\mac{nigamma}\pl{non-italic gamma}\smoke{'37}} + +\vbox{\pos{'40}\mac{ipagamma}\pl{IPA Gamma}\smoke{'40}} + +\vbox{\pos{'41}\mac{babygamma}\pl{baby gamma}\smoke{'41}} + +\vbox{\pos{'42}\mac{hv}\pl{h-v ligature}\smoke{'42}} + +\vbox{\pos{'43}\mac{crossh}\pl{crossed h}\smoke{'43}} + +\vbox{\pos{'44}\mac{hookg}\pl{hooktop g}\smoke{'44}} + +\vbox{\pos{'45}\mac{hookheng}\pl{hooktop heng}\smoke{'45}} + +\vbox{\pos{'46}\mac{invh}\pl{turned h}\smoke{'46}} + +\vbox{\pos{'47}\mac{bari}\pl{barred i}\smoke{'47}} + +\vbox{\pos{'50}\mac{dlbari}\pl{barred dotless i}\smoke{'50}} + +\vbox{\pos{'51}\mac{niiota}\pl{non-italic greek iota}\smoke{'51}} + +\vbox{\pos{'52}\mac{sci}\pl{small capital I}\smoke{'52}} + +\vbox{\pos{'53}\mac{barsci}\pl{barred small capital I}\smoke{'53}} + +\vbox{\pos{'54}\mac{invf}\pl{barred dotless j}\smoke{'54}} + +\vbox{\pos{'55}\mac{tildel}\pl{l with tilde}\smoke{'55}} + +\vbox{\pos{'56}\mac{barl}\pl{barred l}\smoke{'56}} + +\vbox{\pos{'57}\mac{latfric}\pl{belted l}\smoke{'57}} + +\vbox{\pos{'60}\mac{taill}\pl{l with right tail}\smoke{'60}} + +\vbox{\pos{'61}\mac{lz}\pl{l-yogh ligature}\smoke{'61}} + +\vbox{\pos{'62}\mac{nilambda}\pl{non-italic greek lambda}\smoke{'62}} + +\vbox{\pos{'63}\mac{crossnilambda}\pl{crossed lambda}\smoke{'63}} + +\vbox{\pos{'64}\mac{labdentalnas} +\pl{m with leftward tail at right}\smoke{'64}} + +\vbox{\pos{'65}\mac{invm}\pl{turned m}\smoke{'65}} + +\vbox{\pos{'66}\mac{legm}\pl{turned m with long right leg}\smoke{'66}} + +\vbox{\pos{'67}\mac{nj}\pl{n with leftward hook at left}\smoke{'67}} + +\vbox{\pos{'70}\mac{eng}\pl{eng}\smoke{'70}} + +\vbox{\pos{'71}\mac{tailn}\pl{n with right tail}\smoke{'71}} + +\vbox{\pos{'72}\mac{scn}\pl{small capital N}\smoke{'72}} + +\vbox{\pos{'73}\mac{clickb}\pl{bull's eye}\smoke{'73}} + +\vbox{\pos{'74}\mac{baro}\pl{barred o}\smoke{'74}} + +\vbox{\pos{'75}\mac{openo}\pl{open o}\smoke{'75}} + +\vbox{\pos{'76}\mac{niomega}\pl{non-italic lowercase greek omega}\smoke{'76}} + +\vbox{\pos{'77}\mac{closedniomega}\pl{closed omega}\smoke{'77}} + +\vbox{\pos{'100}\mac{oo}\pl{double o}\smoke{'100}} + +\vbox{\pos{'101}\mac{barp}\pl{barred p}\smoke{'101}} + +\vbox{\pos{'102}\mac{thorn}\pl{thorn}\smoke{'102}} + +\vbox{\pos{'103}\mac{niphi}\pl{non-italic lowercase greek phi}\smoke{'103}} + +\vbox{\pos{'104}\mac{flapr}\pl{fish hook r}\smoke{'104}} + +\vbox{\pos{'105}\mac{legr}\pl{r with long leg}\smoke{'105}} + +\vbox{\pos{'106}\mac{tailr}\pl{r with right tail}\smoke{'106}} + +\vbox{\pos{'107}\mac{invr}\pl{turned r}\smoke{'107}} + +\vbox{\pos{'110}\mac{tailinvr}\pl{turned r with right tail}\smoke{'110}} + +\vbox{\pos{'111}\mac{invlegr}\pl{turned long-legged r}\smoke{'111}} + +\vbox{\pos{'112}\mac{scr}\pl{small capital R}\smoke{'112}} + +\vbox{\pos{'113}\mac{invscr}\pl{inverted small capital R}\smoke{'113}} + +\vbox{\pos{'114}\mac{tails}\pl{s with right tail}\smoke{'114}} + +\vbox{\pos{'115}\mac{esh}\pl{esh}\smoke{'115}} + +\vbox{\pos{'116}\mac{curlyesh}\pl{curly-tail esh}\smoke{'116}} + +\vbox{\pos{'117}\mac{nisigma}\pl{non-italic lowercase greek sigma}\smoke{'117}} + +\vbox{\pos{'120}\mac{tailt}\pl{t with right tail}\smoke{'120}} + +\vbox{\pos{'121}\mac{tesh}\pl{t-esh ligature}\smoke{'121}} + +\vbox{\pos{'122}\mac{clickt}\pl{turned t}\smoke{'122}} + +\vbox{\pos{'123}\mac{nitheta}\pl{non-italic lowercase greek theta}\smoke{'123}} + +\vbox{\pos{'124}\mac{baru}\pl{barred u}\smoke{'124}} + +\vbox{\pos{'125}\mac{slashu}\pl{slashed u}\smoke{'125}} + +\vbox{\pos{'126}\mac{niupsilon}\pl{non-italic lowercase greek + upsilon}\smoke{'126}} + +\vbox{\pos{'127}\mac{scu}\pl{small capital U}\smoke{'127}} + +\vbox{\pos{'130}\mac{barscu}\pl{barred small capital U}\smoke{'130}} + +\vbox{\pos{'131}\mac{scriptv}\pl{script v}\smoke{'131}} + +\vbox{\pos{'132}\mac{invw}\pl{inverted w}\smoke{'132}} + +\vbox{\pos{'133}\mac{nichi}\pl{non-italic lowercase greek chi}\smoke{'133}} + +\vbox{\pos{'134}\mac{invy}\pl{turned y}\smoke{'134}} + +\vbox{\pos{'135}\mac{scy}\pl{small capital Y}\smoke{'135}} + +\vbox{\pos{'136}\mac{curlyz}\pl{curly-tail z}\smoke{'136}} + +\vbox{\pos{'137}\mac{tailz}\pl{z with right tail}\smoke{'137}} + +\vbox{\pos{'140}\mac{yogh}\pl{yogh}\smoke{'140}} + +\vbox{\pos{'141}\mac{curlyyogh}\pl{curly-tail yogh}\smoke{'141}} + +\vbox{\pos{'142}\mac{glotstop}\pl{glottal stop}\smoke{'142}} + +\vbox{\pos{'143}\mac{revglotstop}\pl{reversed glottal stop}\smoke{'143}} + +\vbox{\pos{'144}\mac{invglotstop}\pl{inverted glottal stop}\smoke{'144}} + +\vbox{\pos{'145}\mac{ejective}\pl{ejective}\smoke{'145}} + +\vbox{\pos{'146}\mac{reveject}\pl{reversed ejective}\smoke{'146}} + +\vbox{\pos{'147}\mac{dental\{\#1\}}\pl{subscript bridge}\smoke{'147}} + +\vbox{\pos{'150}\mac{stress}\pl{vertical stroke (superior)}\smoke{'150}} + +\vbox{\pos{'151}\mac{secstress}\pl{vertical stroke (inferior)}\smoke{'151}} + +\vbox{\pos{'152}\mac{syllabic}\pl{syllabicity mark}\smoke{'152}} + +\vbox{\pos{'153}\mac{corner}\pl{corner}\smoke{'153}} + +\vbox{\pos{'154}\mac{upt}\pl{IPA pointer}\smoke{'154}} + +\vbox{\pos{'155}\mac{downt}\pl{IPA pointer}\smoke{'155}} + +\vbox{\pos{'156}\mac{leftt}\pl{IPA pointer}\smoke{'156}} + +\vbox{\pos{'157}\mac{rightt}\pl{IPA pointer}\smoke{'157}} + +\vbox{\pos{'160}\mac{halflength}\pl{half-length mark}\smoke{'160}} + +\vbox{\pos{'161}\mac{length}\pl{length mark}\smoke{'161}} + +\vbox{\pos{'162}\mac{underdots}\pl{subscript umlaut}\smoke{'162}} + +\vbox{\pos{'163}\mac{ain}\pl{reversed apostrophe}\smoke{'163}} + +\vbox{\pos{'164}\mac{upp}\pl{pointer}\smoke{'164}} + +\vbox{\pos{'165}\mac{downp}\pl{pointer}\smoke{'165}} + +\vbox{\pos{'166}\mac{leftp}\pl{pointer}\smoke{'166}} + +\vbox{\pos{'167}\mac{rightp}\pl{pointer}\smoke{'167}} + +\vbox{\pos{'170}\mac{overring}\pl{over-ring}\smoke{'170}} + +\vbox{\pos{'171}\mac{underring}\pl{under-ring}\smoke{'171}} + +\vbox{\pos{'172}\mac{open}\pl{subscript left half-ring}\smoke{'172}} + +\vbox{\pos{'173}\mac{midtilde}\pl{superimposed (mid-) tilde}\smoke{'173}} + +\vbox{\pos{'174}\mac{undertilde}\pl{subscript tilde}\smoke{'174}} + +\vbox{\pos{'175}\mac{underwedge}\pl{subscript wedge}\smoke{'175}} + +\vbox{\pos{'176}\mac{polishhook}\pl{polish hook}\smoke{'176}} + +\vbox{\pos{'177}\mac{underarch\{\#1\}}\pl{subscript arch}\smoke{'177}} + +\newpage +\flushbottom +\section{Using the {\tt ipalmacs} style option} + + The {\tt ipalmcas} document style option loads the \wsu\ fonts and changes + them automatically according to the specified fontsize, fontseries and + fontshape. You need a \LaTeX\ with the {\em New Font Selection Scheme} (NFSS) + by Sch\"opf and Mittelbach. This is available from all the wellknown + \TeX\ servers. + + Use the {\tt ipalmacs} option by adding it as an optional argument to the + \verb:\documentstyle: command, i.e. type +\begin{verbatim} + \documentstyle[ipalmacs]{article} +\end{verbatim} + at the very beginning of your document. Of course, {\tt ipalmacs} also works + with {\tt report} and {\tt book} style. + +To access individual \wsu\ characters within sentences set in Computer Modern, +you need only to enter the \ipam\ command. For example, +\begin{verbatim} +A shibilant is a term occasionally found for a fricative +corresponding to +a ``hushing'' sound, e.g., IPA [\esh] (more technically, +a grooved laminal fricative). +\end{verbatim} +\noindent which will print as: +\vs{5pt} +{\bf +A shibilant is a term occasionally found for a fricative +corresponding to +a ``hushing'' sound, e.g., IPA [\esh] (more technically, +a grooved laminal fricative). +} +\vs{5pt} + +The {\tt ipalmacs} character macros are defined so they can be used with the CM +characters and accents without the need for delimiting curly braces. By using +the {\tt ipalmacs} +definitions, you can use the CM accents with a \wsu\ character in the +same way you would accent a CM character. The following input + +\begin{verbatim} +The superscript tilde is a nasalization marker for vowels, +thus [\tilde\scripta] is a nasalized [\scripta]. +\end{verbatim} +\noindent will print as: +\vs{5pt} +{\bf The superscript tilde is a nasalization marker for vowels, thus +[\~\scripta] is a nasalized [\scripta]. +} +\vs{5pt} + +The \wsu\ accents can be used with CM characters. However, only the \wsu\ +``\dental'' and ``\underarch'' have been defined in {\tt ipalmacs} and both are +diacritics which go under a character. +To use any other \wsu\ character as an accent either with a CM character or with +another \wsu\ character, you can define the \wsu\ accent +in the same way that the CM accents are defined. + +There are three control sequences provided from smart accenting. + +\verb:\oaccent: is used for typesetting an accent over any letter. The input +\verb:\oaccent{\overring}{g}: will produce a \oaccent{\overring}{g}. + +Most of the \wsu\ diacritics are intended to go under characters, like the +``underarch'' and ``dental'' mentioned above. The control sequence +\verb:\uaccent: produces a letter with an accent below, for example +\verb:\uaccent{\c{}}{g}: gives you \uaccent{\c{}}{g}. (Note that this result + cannot achieved by just typing + \verb:\c{g}: which would result in \c{g}---the cedilla being not lowered.) + +\verb:\taccent: is somewhat special. It puts a diacritic designed to go under + a letter over it. It is needed for the lattvian special letter + \taccent{\polishhook}{g}, which you get by typing + \verb:\taccent{\polishhook}{g}:. + +For compatibility with the original \ipam\ package, the command + \verb:\diatop: is provided. Its use is discouraged within \LaTeX, because it + is fragile and would need \verb:\protect:ion under many circumstances. + It is used as \verb:\diatop[\overringºg]:, producing \diatop[\overringºg]. + + With the commands given above, you can stack as many diacritcs as you want + above and below any letter, for example +\begin{verbatim} + Here are some very special + \oaccent{\overring}{\uaccent{\underring}{r}}, + \oaccent{\'}{\oaccent{\overring}{n}}, + and \uaccent{\underring}{\dental{d}}. +\end{verbatim} + will print as + +{\bf Here are some very special + \oaccent{\overring}{\uaccent{\underring}{r}}, + \oaccent{\'}{\oaccent{\overring}{n}}, + and \uaccent{\underring}{\dental{d}}. +} + +\section{Defining your own commands} + +Of course, you don't want to get tired by typing several times the same long + command. You may define your own abbereviations with the help of + \verb:\newcommand:, like the following: +\begin{verbatim} +\newcommand{\rr}{\uaccent{\underring}{r}} % \rr is a voiceless trilled r +\newcommand{\og}[1]{\uaccent{\polishhook}{#1}} % ogonek below a letter +\end{verbatim} +Afterwards, you can use them like any ordinary \LaTeX\ command. +\begin{verbatim} +A voiceless trilled r [\rr] occurs in certain scottisch dialects.\\ +The polish \og{e} is pronounced [\~\niepsilon]. +\end{verbatim} +will print as +\newcommand{\rr}{\uaccent{\underring}{r}} % \rr is a voiceless trilled r +\newcommand{\og}[1]{\uaccent{\polishhook}{#1}} % ogonek below a letter + +{\bf +A voiceless trilled r [\rr] occurs in certain scottisch dialects.\\ +The polish \og{e} is pronounced [\~\niepsilon]. +} + + +\parindent 0pt + +% macros for font tables +\def\oct#1{\hbox{\rm\'{}\kern-.1em\it#1\/\kern.05em}} +\def\hex#1{\hbox{\rm\H{}\tt#1}} % hexadecimal constant + +\abovedisplayskip=3pt\belowdisplayskip=2pt +\font\smalltextfont=cmr7 +\newcount\fontcount +\newbox\charbox +\def\oddline#1{\cr + \noalign{\nointerlineskip} + \multispan{19}\hrulefill& + \setbox\charbox=\hbox{\lower 2.3pt\hbox{\hex{#1x}}} + \smash{\box\charbox}\cr + \noalign{\nointerlineskip}} +\def\evenline{\cr\noalign{\hrule}} +\def\chartstrut{\lower3.5pt\vbox to14pt{}} +\def\beginchart#1{ \global\fontcount=0 #1 + \halign to\hsize\bgroup + \chartstrut##\tabskip0pt plus10pt& + &\hfil##\hfil&\vrule##\cr + \lower6.5pt\null + &&&\oct0&&\oct1&&\oct2&&\oct3&&\oct4&&\oct5&&\oct6&&\oct7&\evenline} +\def\endchart{\raise11.5pt\null&&&\hex 8&&\hex 9&&\hex A&&\hex B& + &\hex C&&\hex D&&\hex E&&\hex F&\cr\egroup} +\def\:{\setbox\charbox=%\drawbox{ +\hbox{\char\fontcount +%\llap{\vrule height.4pt width5pt depth0pt} %this will draw line at baseline +}%}% + \ifdim\ht\charbox>7.5pt\reposition + \else\ifdim\dp\charbox>2.5pt\reposition + \else\ifdim\wd\charbox>0pt + \ifdim\ht\charbox<.01pt + \ifdim\dp\charbox<.01pt\unposition\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi + \box\charbox\global\advance\fontcount by1 } +\def\reposition{}%\setbox\charbox=\hbox{@\vcenter{\kern2pt +% \box\charbox\kern2pt}@}} +\def\unposition{\setbox\charbox=\hbox{\smalltextfont undef}} +\def\normalchart{% + &\oct{00x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline0 + &\oct{01x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline + &\oct{02x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline1 + &\oct{03x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline + &\oct{04x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline2 + &\oct{05x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline + &\oct{06x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline3 + &\oct{07x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline + &\oct{10x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline4 + &\oct{11x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline + &\oct{12x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline5 + &\oct{13x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline + &\oct{14x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline6 + &\oct{15x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline + &\oct{16x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline7 + &\oct{17x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline} + +\newpage +\font\chartfont=wsuipa12 +{\tt WSUIPA12\bf--- WSU International Phonetic Alphabet Roman -- 12pt} +\beginchart{\chartfont} +\normalchart +\endchart +\vfill +\font\newchartfont=wslipa12 +{\tt WSLIPA12\bf---WSU International Phonetic Alphabet Slanted -- 12pt} +\nopagebreak +\beginchart{\newchartfont} +\normalchart +\endchart + +\newpage +\font\nchartfont=wbxipa12 +{\tt WBXIPA12\bf---WSU International Phonetic Alphabet Bold Extended +-- 12pt}\ +\beginchart{\nchartfont} +\normalchart +\endchart +\vfill +\end{document} diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/wsuipa/latex209/lipaman.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/wsuipa/latex209/lipaman.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b05dc774890 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/wsuipa/latex209/lipaman.tex @@ -0,0 +1,813 @@ +% Please see the file LICENCE-wsuipa.txt for licensing information. + +\documentstyle[12pt]{article} +\input ipamacs + +\font\smokefont=wsuipa17 +\font\mf=cmr10 +\def\deg{$^\circ$} + +\def\vs #1{\vskip #1} +\def\meta{{\mf METAFONT}} +\def\wsu{{\ WSUIPA}} +\def\ipam{{ IPAMACS}} +\def\PL{{\it Phonetic Symbol Guide}} + +\def\pos#1{\vs{10pt}\hrule width 1in\vs{1pt}\hrule width 1in + \noindent\begin{tabular}{rl} + \tenbf WSUIPA Char' Position: & #1\\ } +\def\pl#1{\tenbf Pullum \&\ Ladusaw name: & #1\\ } +\def\mac#1{\tenbf IPAMACS Name: & \tt\char'134 #1\\ } +\def\smoke#1{\tenbf IPA Character: & \smokefont\char#1 + \end{tabular}} + +\begin{document} +\title{ Using the WSU International Phonetic Alphabet} +\author{} % Janene Winter +\date{January 9, 1990} +\maketitle + +\section{Preface} + +This users guide is intended to serve as a help and supplement to the +Washington State University International Phonetic Alphabet (\wsu) fonts. +It is not intended to be a manual on \TeX, linguistics, or the correct usage of +the characters, accents and diacritics contained within the font. +It is assumed that the user is familiar with the version of \TeX\ he or she is +using and with the characters contained within the \wsu\ font. +Because the uses for a phonetic alphabet font are probably as varied as the +many disciplines which use the characters, this guide is intended to merely +show some of the most common ways of using the \wsu\ font. Surely each person +who implements the font will develop his or her own favorite way of working with + and +using the font. + +The principal +source of information regarding the characters and their shapes has come from +sources within the linguistic field---most +notably, Geoffrey K. Pullum and William A. Ladusaw, whose book, {\it Phonetic +Symbol Guide} was used extensively. +The \PL\ not only lists the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) characters +and diacritics, it also +gives an enlarged illustration of each character which shows its baseline, +height, depth and x-height. These character illustrations were invaluable +in the design of the \wsu\ \meta\ characters. + +Several other people involved +in the wonderful world of linguistics also aided in the design of the \wsu\ +font. Their input concerning everything +from character shape, to placement within the font, to determining which +characters should be included, is gratefully acknowledged. I would especially +like to thank Karen Mullen, Associate Professor of English, University of +Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky. She tested, used the \wsu\ fonts, and took +the time to give several suggestions and recommendations that have improved +the font. Also, Christina A. Thiele, Managing Director, Journal Production + Centre, +Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, who not only provided a wealth +of phonetic information, but also a wealth of encouragement throughout +the entire font designing process. + + +Included with the \wsu\ fonts are: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item +The basic \wsu\ font which contains 128 phonetic characters +and/or diacritics in six different point sizes (8, +9, 10, 11, 12 and 17) and in +three typefaces (roman, slanted and bold extended). + +\item Each size and typeface includes a TFM (\TeX\ Font Metric) +file and its related GF, PK or PXL file. + +\item A macro package (\ipam.TEX) for use with the \wsu\ font, and + +\item the {\it WSUIPA Font User's Guide}. +\end{enumerate} + +This guide is divided into three main sections: 1) an introduction to the \wsu\ +font, +2) a description of the font layout and the characters included in the font +and 3) some \TeX niques for use with the \wsu\ fonts. + +Although the \wsu\ fonts are written in \meta , the user does not need +experience with or knowledge of \meta\ to use the font. However, at least a +beginning understanding of \TeX\ and the use of fonts in the \TeX\ environment +{\it is} necessary. For information about either \TeX\ or font usage in \TeX , +see {\it The \TeX book} by Donald Knuth. + +\section{Introduction to the WSUIPA Font} + +The \wsu\ fonts are written in \meta\ and use the same font parameter values +as their Computer Modern (CM) counterparts (cmr and cmbx). In fact, while +designing the character shapes, the computer modern code was left intact or +modified only slightly whenever possible. Therefore, the \wsu\ fonts +are totally compatible with computer modern fonts---the design and shape +of the characters are computer modern wherever possible. For the characters +that are drastically different from any computer modern characters or symbols, +such as the ``Gamma,'' ``Baby Gamma'' and the ``Esh,'' Pullum and Ladusaw's +{\it Phonetic Symbol Guide} was used as the character design +standard. + +The \wsu\ fonts are obviously not an exhaustive collection of phonetic or +even recognized International Phonetic Alphabet characters. The characters +included in the \wsu\ font were chosen either because they were listed +as a ``major'' entry in Pullum and Ladusaw's {\it Guide\/}, +or because of the recommendations from +various people with an interest in the font. + +The {\it Guide} contains what it classifies as ``major'' and ``minor'' +characters, based upon whether the symbol is an officially recognized IPA +character or is determined by Pullum and Ladusaw +to be a standard symbol in current American +transcriptual practice. The {\it Guide} +lists 78 ``major'' entries which are not easily +attainable in the CM fonts. All 78 of these characters are included in the +\wsu\ font, along with 50 ``minor'' entries from the {\it Guide}. +The selection of which +``minor'' entries to include was based on information and requests from +various phoneticians and linguists who contacted WSU during the beginning +stages of the creation of the font. + +\section{The Layout of the WSUIPA Font} + +The character-grouping pattern followed by Pullum and Ladusaw in their +{\it Guide} was adopted as the basis +for the \wsu\ font layout. The characters +are grouped together according to shape rather than usage. Therefore, +the ``a'' shapes occupy +the first positions: '00 through '04, ``b'' shapes are in positions '05 +through '11 and so forth. The accents and diacritics follow the character +shapes and are in the last positions in the font. This approach was taken +because under it was assumed that under most circumstances, +the user would most likely be accessing the characters with the use of macros +rather than by typing large portions of entirely phonetic text. +Aside from keeping like shapes together, the positioning of the +\wsu\ font was fairly arbitrary. + +\section{Character Description} + +Within this section each of the \wsu\ characters are shown in a \meta\ +``smoke mode'' proof. The octal character position is indicated, along with the +corresponding macro name in \ipam, and the +name of the character given in P\&L. +Only the roman characters will be illustrated since the shapes of the slanted +and bold extended are the same. + +There are several Greek characters included in the \wsu\ font, and initially +it may appear these are merely copies of the corresponding CM Greek characters. +That is true with one very important distinction: the \wsu\ Greek characters +included are not italic. All the lowercase Greek characters included in +the CM fonts are italic which makes them unsuitable for some situations in +phonetics where a non-italic Greek character is essential. +\newpage +\raggedbottom +\vbox{ \pos{'00}\mac{inva}\pl{turned a}\smoke{'00}} + +\vbox{ \pos{'01}\mac{scripta}\pl{script a}\smoke{'01}} + +\vbox{ \pos{'02}\mac{nialpha}\pl{lowercase non-italic alpha}\smoke{'02} +} + +\vbox{\pos{'03}\mac{invscripta}\pl{turned script a}\smoke{'03}} + +\vbox{\pos{'04}\mac{invv}\pl{inverted v}\smoke{'04}} + +\vbox{\pos{'05}\mac{crossb}\pl{crossed b}\smoke{'05}} + +\vbox{\pos{'06}\mac{barb}\pl{barred b}\smoke{'06}} + +\vbox{\pos{'07}\mac{slashb}\pl{slashed b}\smoke{'07}} + +\vbox{\pos{'10}\mac{hookb}\pl{hooktop b}\smoke{'10}} + +\vbox{\pos{'11}\mac{nibeta}\pl{non-italic lowercase beta}\smoke{'11}} + +\vbox{\pos{'12}\mac{slashc}\pl{slashed c}\smoke{'12}} + +\vbox{\pos{'13}\mac{curlyc}\pl{curly-tail c}\smoke{'13}} + +\vbox{\pos{'14}\mac{clickc}\pl{stretched c}\smoke{'14}} + +\vbox{\pos{'15}\mac{crossd}\pl{crossed d}\smoke{'15}} + +\vbox{\pos{'16}\mac{bard}\pl{barred d}\smoke{'16}} + +\vbox{\pos{'17}\mac{slashd}\pl{slashed d}\smoke{'17}} + +\vbox{\pos{'20}\mac{hookd}\pl{hooktop d}\smoke{'20}} + +\vbox{\pos{'21}\mac{taild}\pl{right-tail d}\smoke{'21}} + +\vbox{\pos{'22}\mac{dz}\pl{d-yogh ligature}\smoke{'22}} + +\vbox{\pos{'23}\mac{eth}\pl{eth}\smoke{'23}} + +\vbox{\pos{'24}\mac{scd}\pl{small capital D}\smoke{'24}} + +\vbox{\pos{'25}\mac{schwa}\pl{schwa}\smoke{'25}} + +\vbox{\pos{'26}\mac{er}\pl{right-hook schwa}\smoke{'26}} + +\vbox{\pos{'27}\mac{reve}\pl{reversed e}\smoke{'27}} + +\vbox{\pos{'30}\mac{niepsilon}\pl{non-italic greek epsilon}\smoke{'30}} + +\vbox{\pos{'31}\mac{revepsilon}\pl{reversed non-italic epsilon}\smoke{'31}} + +\vbox{\pos{'32}\mac{hookrevepsilon}\pl{right-hook reversed non-italic epsilon} +\smoke{'32}} + +\vbox{\pos{'33}\mac{closedrevepsilon}\pl{closed reversed non-italic epsilon} +\smoke{'33}} + +\vbox{\pos{'34}\mac{scriptg}\pl{lowercase variant g}\smoke{'34}} + +\vbox{\pos{'35}\mac{hookg}\pl{hooktop g}\smoke{'35}} + +\vbox{\pos{'36}\mac{scg}\pl{small capital G}\smoke{'36}} + +\vbox{\pos{'37}\mac{nigamma}\pl{non-italic gamma}\smoke{'37}} + +\vbox{\pos{'40}\mac{ipagamma}\pl{IPA Gamma}\smoke{'40}} + +\vbox{\pos{'41}\mac{babygamma}\pl{baby gamma}\smoke{'41}} + +\vbox{\pos{'42}\mac{hv}\pl{h-v ligature}\smoke{'42}} + +\vbox{\pos{'43}\mac{crossh}\pl{crossed h}\smoke{'43}} + +\vbox{\pos{'44}\mac{hookg}\pl{hooktop g}\smoke{'44}} + +\vbox{\pos{'45}\mac{hookheng}\pl{hooktop heng}\smoke{'45}} + +\vbox{\pos{'46}\mac{invh}\pl{turned h}\smoke{'46}} + +\vbox{\pos{'47}\mac{bari}\pl{barred i}\smoke{'47}} + +\vbox{\pos{'50}\mac{dlbari}\pl{barred dotless i}\smoke{'50}} + +\vbox{\pos{'51}\mac{niiota}\pl{non-italic greek iota}\smoke{'51}} + +\vbox{\pos{'52}\mac{sci}\pl{small capital I}\smoke{'52}} + +\vbox{\pos{'53}\mac{barsci}\pl{barred small capital I}\smoke{'53}} + +\vbox{\pos{'54}\mac{invf}\pl{barred dotless j}\smoke{'54}} + +\vbox{\pos{'55}\mac{tildel}\pl{l with tilde}\smoke{'55}} + +\vbox{\pos{'56}\mac{barl}\pl{barred l}\smoke{'56}} + +\vbox{\pos{'57}\mac{latfric}\pl{belted l}\smoke{'57}} + +\vbox{\pos{'60}\mac{taill}\pl{l with right tail}\smoke{'60}} + +\vbox{\pos{'61}\mac{lz}\pl{l-yogh ligature}\smoke{'61}} + +\vbox{\pos{'62}\mac{nilambda}\pl{non-italic greek lambda}\smoke{'62}} + +\vbox{\pos{'63}\mac{crossnilambda}\pl{crossed lambda}\smoke{'63}} + +\vbox{\pos{'64}\mac{labdentalnas} +\pl{m with leftward tail at right}\smoke{'64}} + +\vbox{\pos{'65}\mac{invm}\pl{turned m}\smoke{'65}} + +\vbox{\pos{'66}\mac{legm}\pl{turned m with long right leg}\smoke{'66}} + +\vbox{\pos{'67}\mac{nj}\pl{n with leftward hook at left}\smoke{'67}} + +\vbox{\pos{'70}\mac{eng}\pl{eng}\smoke{'70}} + +\vbox{\pos{'71}\mac{tailn}\pl{n with right tail}\smoke{'71}} + +\vbox{\pos{'72}\mac{scn}\pl{small capital N}\smoke{'72}} + +\vbox{\pos{'73}\mac{clickb}\pl{bull's eye}\smoke{'73}} + +\vbox{\pos{'74}\mac{baro}\pl{barred o}\smoke{'74}} + +\vbox{\pos{'75}\mac{openo}\pl{open o}\smoke{'75}} + +\vbox{\pos{'76}\mac{niomega}\pl{non-italic lowercase greek omega}\smoke{'76}} + +\vbox{\pos{'77}\mac{closedniomega}\pl{closed omega}\smoke{'77}} + +\vbox{\pos{'100}\mac{oo}\pl{double o}\smoke{'100}} + +\vbox{\pos{'101}\mac{barp}\pl{barred p}\smoke{'101}} + +\vbox{\pos{'102}\mac{thorn}\pl{thorn}\smoke{'102}} + +\vbox{\pos{'103}\mac{niphi}\pl{non-italic lowercase greek phi}\smoke{'102}} + +\vbox{\pos{'104}\mac{flapr}\pl{fish hook r}\smoke{'104}} + +\vbox{\pos{'105}\mac{legr}\pl{r with long leg}\smoke{'105}} + +\vbox{\pos{'106}\mac{tailr}\pl{r with right tail}\smoke{'106}} + +\vbox{\pos{'107}\mac{invr}\pl{turned r}\smoke{'107}} + +\vbox{\pos{'110}\mac{tailinvr}\pl{turned r with right tail}\smoke{'110}} + +\vbox{\pos{'111}\mac{invlegr}\pl{turned long-legged r}\smoke{'111}} + +\vbox{\pos{'112}\mac{scr}\pl{small capital R}\smoke{'112}} + +\vbox{\pos{'113}\mac{invscr}\pl{inverted small capital R}\smoke{'113}} + +\vbox{\pos{'114}\mac{tails}\pl{s with right tail}\smoke{'114}} + +\vbox{\pos{'115}\mac{esh}\pl{esh}\smoke{'115}} + +\vbox{\pos{'116}\mac{curlyesh}\pl{curly-tail esh}\smoke{'116}} + +\vbox{\pos{'117}\mac{nisigma}\pl{non-italic lowercase greek sigma}\smoke{'117}} + +\vbox{\pos{'120}\mac{tailt}\pl{t with right tail}\smoke{'120}} + +\vbox{\pos{'121}\mac{tesh}\pl{t-esh ligature}\smoke{'121}} + +\vbox{\pos{'122}\mac{clickt}\pl{turned t}\smoke{'122}} + +\vbox{\pos{'123}\mac{nitheta}\pl{non-italic lowercase greek theta}\smoke{'123}} + +\vbox{\pos{'124}\mac{baru}\pl{barred u}\smoke{'124}} + +\vbox{\pos{'125}\mac{slashu}\pl{slashed u}\smoke{'124}} + +\vbox{\pos{'126}\mac{niupsilon}\pl{non-italic lowercase greek + upsilon}\smoke{'126}} + +\vbox{\pos{'127}\mac{scu}\pl{small capital U}\smoke{'127}} + +\vbox{\pos{'130}\mac{barscu}\pl{barred small capital U}\smoke{'130}} + +\vbox{\pos{'131}\mac{scriptv}\pl{script v}\smoke{'131}} + +\vbox{\pos{'132}\mac{invw}\pl{inverted w}\smoke{'132}} + +\vbox{\pos{'133}\mac{nichi}\pl{non-italic lowercase greek chi}\smoke{'133}} + +\vbox{\pos{'134}\mac{invy}\pl{turned y}\smoke{'134}} + +\vbox{\pos{'135}\mac{scy}\pl{small capital Y}\smoke{'135}} + +\vbox{\pos{'136}\mac{curlyz}\pl{curly-tail z}\smoke{'136}} + +\vbox{\pos{'137}\mac{tailz}\pl{z with right tail}\smoke{'137}} + +\vbox{\pos{'140}\mac{yogh}\pl{yogh}\smoke{'140}} + +\vbox{\pos{'141}\mac{curlyyogh}\pl{curly-tail yogh}\smoke{'141}} + +\vbox{\pos{'142}\mac{glotstop}\pl{glottal stop}\smoke{'142}} + +\vbox{\pos{'143}\mac{revglotstop}\pl{reversed glottal stop}\smoke{'143}} + +\vbox{\pos{'144}\mac{invglotstop}\pl{inverted glottal stop}\smoke{'144}} + +\vbox{\pos{'145}\mac{ejective}\pl{ejective}\smoke{'145}} + +\vbox{\pos{'146}\mac{reveject}\pl{reversed ejective}\smoke{'146}} + +\vbox{\pos{'147}\mac{dental\#1}\pl{subscript bridge}\smoke{'147}} + +\vbox{\pos{'150}\mac{stress}\pl{vertical stroke (superior)}\smoke{'150}} + +\vbox{\pos{'151}\mac{secstress}\pl{vertical stroke (inferior)}\smoke{'151}} + +\vbox{\pos{'152}\mac{syllabic}\pl{syllabicity mark}\smoke{'152}} + +\vbox{\pos{'153}\mac{corner}\pl{corner}\smoke{'153}} + +\vbox{\pos{'154}\mac{upt}\pl{IPA pointer}\smoke{'154}} + +\vbox{\pos{'155}\mac{downt}\pl{IPA pointer}\smoke{'155}} + +\vbox{\pos{'156}\mac{leftt}\pl{IPA pointer}\smoke{'156}} + +\vbox{\pos{'157}\mac{rightt}\pl{IPA pointer}\smoke{'157}} + +\vbox{\pos{'160}\mac{halflength}\pl{half-length mark}\smoke{'160}} + +\vbox{\pos{'161}\mac{length}\pl{length mark}\smoke{'161}} + +\vbox{\pos{'162}\mac{underdots}\pl{subscript umlaut}\smoke{'162}} + +\vbox{\pos{'163}\mac{ain}\pl{reversed apostrophe}\smoke{'163}} + +\vbox{\pos{'164}\mac{upp}\pl{pointer}\smoke{'164}} + +\vbox{\pos{'165}\mac{downp}\pl{pointer}\smoke{'165}} + +\vbox{\pos{'166}\mac{leftp}\pl{pointer}\smoke{'166}} + +\vbox{\pos{'167}\mac{rightp}\pl{pointer}\smoke{'167}} + +\vbox{\pos{'170}\mac{overring}\pl{over-ring}\smoke{'170}} + +\vbox{\pos{'171}\mac{underring}\pl{under-ring}\smoke{'171}} + +\vbox{\pos{'172}\mac{open}\pl{subscript left half-ring}\smoke{'172}} + +\vbox{\pos{'173}\mac{midtilde}\pl{superimposed (mid-) tilde}\smoke{'173}} + +\vbox{\pos{'174}\mac{undertilde}\pl{subscript tilde}\smoke{'174}} + +\vbox{\pos{'175}\mac{underwedge}\pl{subscript wedge}\smoke{'175}} + +\vbox{\pos{'176}\mac{polishhook}\pl{polish hook}\smoke{'176}} + +\vbox{\pos{'177}\mac{underarch}\pl{subscript arch}\smoke{'177}} + +\newpage +\flushbottom +\section{Using the IPAMACS Macros} + +In addition to the necessary font-related files, the \wsu\ font package +also includes a file called IPAMACS.TEX. This is a macro file which includes +font declarations and definitions for use with the \wsu\ fonts. +It also contains macro definitions for accessing each \wsu\ character +mnemonically, as well as some macro definitions +to simplify using \wsu\ accents and diacritics with Computer Modern +characters and vice versa. + +Before you can use any of the macros from the \ipam\ file, you must input the +{\tt IPAMACS.TEX} file by entering, +\begin{verbatim} +\input ipamacs +\end{verbatim} + +\noindent at the top of your \TeX\ file. This assumes, of course, that you have +installed this file. +The \ipam\ file defines a font called +\verb?\ipa? to be the twelve point roman \wsu\ +font. The \verb?\ipa? font is used in all the macro definitions in \ipam\ +to access the +characters from the \wsu\ font. You may redefine \verb?\ipa?, say to be ten point +roman, by entering +\begin{verbatim} +\font\ipatenrm=wsuipa10 +\def\ipa\{\ipatenrm\} +\end{verbatim} +\noindent within your file. From that point on, all the \wsu\ characters + accessed by +using the \ipam\ macros will be the ten-point roman \wsu. + +To access individual \wsu\ characters within sentences set in Computer Modern, +you need only to enter the \verb?\ipa? command. For example, +\begin{verbatim} +A shibilant is a term occasionally found for a fricative +corresponding to +a ``hushing'' sound, e.g., IPA [\esh] (more technically, +a grooved laminal fricative). +\end{verbatim} +\noindent which will print as: +\vs{5pt} +{\bf +A shibilant is a term occasionally found for a fricative +corresponding to +a ``hushing'' sound, e.g., IPA [\esh] (more technically, +a grooved laminal fricative). +} +\vs{5pt} + +The \ipam\ character macros are defined so they can be used with the CM +characters and accents without the need for delimiting curly braces. By using +the \ipam\ +definitions, you can use the CM accents with a \wsu\ character in the +same way you would accent a CM character. The following input + +\begin{verbatim} +The superscript tilde is a nasalization marker for vowels, +thus [\tilde\scripta] is a nasalized [\scripta]. +\end{verbatim} +\noindent will print as: +\vs{5pt} +{\bf The superscript tilde is a nasalization marker for vowels, thus +[\~\scripta] is a nasalized [\scripta]. +} +\vs{5pt} + +The \wsu\ accents can be used with CM characters. However, only the \wsu\ +``\dental'' and ``\underarch'' have been defined in \ipam\ and both are +diacritics which go under a character. +To use any other \wsu\ character as an accent either with a CM character or with +another \wsu\ character, you can define the \wsu\ accent +in the same way that the CM accents are defined. For example, an ``over-ring'' +accent could be defined as, + +\begin{verbatim} +\def\or#1{{\edef\next{\the\font}% + \ipatwelverm\accent"78\next#1}} +\end{verbatim} +\noindent and may be used like, + +\begin{verbatim} +The over-ring may be used over letters with descenders as an +alternative to under-ring to indicate devoicing, e.g. [\or g]. +\end{verbatim} +\noindent which will print as: +\vs{5pt} +{\def\or#1{{\edef\next{\the\font}% + \ipatwelverm\accent"78\next#1}} +\bf The over-ring may be used over letters with descenders as an +alternative to under-ring to indicate devoicing, e.g. [\or g].} +\vs{5pt} + +Most of the \wsu\ diacritics are intended to go under characters, like the +``underarch'' and ``dental'' mentioned above. You may define other ``under'' +accents in the same way as these two. For example, an ``undercircle'' +could be defined as, + +\begin{verbatim} +\def\undercirc#1{\oalign{#1\crcr + \hidewidth\underring\hidewidth}} +\end{verbatim} +\noindent With this definition, the input +\begin{verbatim} +A voiceless trilled r [\undercirc r] in +certain Scottish dialects +\end{verbatim} +\noindent will print as: +\vs{5pt} +{\def\undercirc#1{\oalign{#1\crcr\hidewidth\underring\hidewidth}} +\bf A voiceless trilled r [\undercirc r] in certain Scottish dialects +} +\vs{5pt} + +If the spacing or placement of the diacritic is not exactly what you desire +with the basic definition given above, you can add kerns where needed. +For example, if you want less space between the ``undercircle'' and +the character, you could change the definition to be, +\begin{verbatim} +\def\undercirc#1{\oalign{#1\crcr + \hidewidth\raise.1ex\hbox{\underring}\hidewidth}} +\end{verbatim} + +\noindent and this input +\begin{verbatim} +A voiceless trilled r [\undercirc r] in +certain Scottish dialects +\end{verbatim} +\noindent will print as: +\vs{5pt} +{\def\undercirc#1{\oalign{#1\crcr\hidewidth +\raise.1ex\hbox{\underring}\hidewidth}} +\bf A voiceless trilled r [\undercirc r] in certain Scottish dialects +} +\vs{5pt} + +Your diacritic definitions may be as general or specific as you wish. At one +institution which uses the \wsu\ fonts, they prefer the ``undercircle'' to be +placed differently when it falls under an r than any other character. To +accomplish this, they use the following definition for \verb?\undercirc?. + +\begin{verbatim} +\def\undercirc#1{\ifx#1r + \oalign{#1\crcr\hidewidth\kern.24em\underring + \hidewidth\crcr} + \else\oalign{#1\crcr + \hidewidth\raise.1ex\hbox{\underring}\hidewidth} + \fi} +\end{verbatim} + +With this definition of \verb?\undercirc?, the following input + +\begin{verbatim} +To illustrate the different placement of the \underring on +an \undercirc s and on an \undercirc r. +\end{verbatim} + +\noindent will print as +\vs{5pt} +{\def\undercirc#1{\ifx#1r + \oalign{#1\crcr\hidewidth\kern.24em\underring\hidewidth\crcr}\fi} +\bf To illustrate the different placement of the \underring on an \undercirc s +and on an \undercirc r. +} +\vs{5pt} + +\ipam\ +also includes a macro called \verb?\diatop? which provides an alternative way +of getting one or more characters, accents, or diacritics over one another. The +\verb?\diatop? macro takes one argument which is delimited by square +brackets ([]) +rather than curly braces, and has two parts. The first part of the +argument is delimited, or separated, from the second part by a vertical bar +($\vert$). \verb?\diatop? puts the first part of the argument over the second. + +Using \verb?\diatop? instead of our previous definition for the ``overring,'' (\\or) +you could input, + +\begin{verbatim} +The overring may be used over letters with descenders as +an alternative to +under-ring to indicate devoicing, e.g. [\diatop[\overring|g]]. +\end{verbatim} +\noindent and the output would be, +\vs{5pt} +{\bf The overring may be used over letters with descenders as an alternative to +under-ring to indicate devoicing, e.g. [\diatop[\overring|g]]. +} +\vs{5pt} + +More than one character can be stacked over another character by using +\verb?\diatop?. For example, + +\begin{verbatim} +For a really special \diatop[{\diatop[\'|\overring]}|n] +\end{verbatim} +\noindent will print as: +\vs{5pt} +{\bf For a really special \diatop[{\diatop[\'|\overring]}|n] +} +\vs{5pt} + +\noindent Notice the use of curly braces to group the argument of the first +\verb?\diatop? when more than one \verb?\diatop? command is used. + +It is also possible to get one or more accents over a character and another +accent or character under it. Assuming that \verb?\undercirc? has been defined as +described earlier, the following example + +\begin{verbatim} +This is a really, really special +\diatop[\overring|\undercirc{r}] +\end{verbatim} +\noindent will print as: +\vs{5pt} +{\def\undercirc#1{\oalign{#1\crcr\hidewidth\underring\hidewidth}} +\bf This is a really, really special \diatop[\overring|\undercirc{r}] +} +\vs{5pt} + +The \ipam\ do not sent up the \wsu\ fonts to be part of a font family +definition, which means that any \wsu\ character that is accessed by +an \ipam\ +macro, will always print out in the same font (wsuipa12, by default), +regardless of what size or typeface you may have been using when +the \ipam\ +macro was called. In other words, whatever font \verb?\ipa? is defined to be, +determines the font \ipam\ will call. + +In order to get slanted \wsu\ characters when \verb?\it? or \verb?\sl? is being used, or +bold \wsu\ characters when \verb?\bf? is being used, you must include the definition +of \verb?\ipa? as part of your font family definitions. + +Without redefining \verb?\ipa?, the following input, + +\begin{verbatim} +\dots which is the case in the aforementioned +instances, however, {\bf this +does not preclude the other retroflex consonants: +[\nj], [\taill], [\taild], and [\tailr]}. +\end{verbatim} +\noindent will print as, + +\vs{5pt} +{\bf \dots which is the case in the aforementioned instances, however, {\bf this +does not preclude the other retroflex consonants: [\nj], [\taill], [\taild], +and [\tailr]}. +} +\vs{5pt} + +Now, with \verb?\ipa? defined within the twelve-point font family, as illustrated +below + +\begin{verbatim} +\font\twelverm=cmr12 +\font\twelvei=cmmi12 +\font\twelvesy=cmsy12 +\font\twelveex=cmex12 +\font\twelveit=cmti12 +\font\twelvebf=cmbx12 +\font\twelveipa=wsuipa12 +\font\twelveslipa=wslipa12 +\font\twelvebfipa=wbxipa12 + +\def\twelvepoint{% + \textfont0=\twelverm + \scriptfont0=\sevenrm \scriptscriptfont0=\sevenrm + \def\rm{\fam0\twelverm\def\ipa{\twelvermipa}}% + \textfont1=\twelvei + \scriptfont1=\sevenrm \scriptscriptfont1=\sevenrm + \textfont2=\twelvesy + \scriptfont2=\sevensy \scriptscriptfont2=\sevensy + \textfont3=\twelveex + \scriptfont3=\twelveex \scriptscriptfont3=\twelveex + \textfont\itfam=\twelveit + \def\it{\fam\itfam\twelveit\def\ipa{\twelveslipa}}% + \textfont\bffam=\twelvebf + \def\bf{\fam\bffam\twelvebf\def\ipa{\twelvebfipa}}% + \rm}% +% + +% +\end{verbatim} +\noindent the previous input of +\begin{verbatim} +\dots which is the case in the aforementioned +instances, however, \{\bf this +does not preclude the other retroflex consonants: +[\nj], [\taill], [\taild], and [\tailr]\}. +\end{verbatim} +\noindent will print as, + +\vs{5pt} +{\font\twelvebfipa=wbxipa12\font\twelvebf=cmbx12\def\bf{\fam\bffam\twelvebf +\def\ipa{\twelvebfipa}}% +\bf\dots which is the case in the aforementioned instances, however, {\bf this +does not preclude the other retroflex consonants: [\nj], [\taill], [\taild], +and [\tailr]}. +} + +\parindent 0pt + +% macros for font tables +\def\oct#1{\hbox{\rm\'{}\kern-.1em\it#1\/\kern.05em}} +\def\hex#1{\hbox{\rm\H{}\tt#1}} % hexadecimal constant + +\abovedisplayskip=3pt\belowdisplayskip=2pt +\font\smalltextfont=cmr7 +\newcount\fontcount +\newbox\charbox +\def\oddline#1{\cr + \noalign{\nointerlineskip} + \multispan{19}\hrulefill& + \setbox\charbox=\hbox{\lower 2.3pt\hbox{\hex{#1x}}} + \smash{\box\charbox}\cr + \noalign{\nointerlineskip}} +\def\evenline{\cr\noalign{\hrule}} +\def\chartstrut{\lower3.5pt\vbox to14pt{}} +\def\beginchart#1{ \global\fontcount=0 #1 + \halign to\hsize\bgroup + \chartstrut##\tabskip0pt plus10pt& + &\hfil##\hfil&\vrule##\cr + \lower6.5pt\null + &&&\oct0&&\oct1&&\oct2&&\oct3&&\oct4&&\oct5&&\oct6&&\oct7&\evenline} +\def\endchart{\raise11.5pt\null&&&\hex 8&&\hex 9&&\hex A&&\hex B& + &\hex C&&\hex D&&\hex E&&\hex F&\cr\egroup} +\def\:{\setbox\charbox=%\drawbox{ +\hbox{\char\fontcount +%\llap{\vrule height.4pt width5pt depth0pt} %this will draw line at baseline +}%}% + \ifdim\ht\charbox>7.5pt\reposition + \else\ifdim\dp\charbox>2.5pt\reposition + \else\ifdim\wd\charbox>0pt + \ifdim\ht\charbox<.01pt + \ifdim\dp\charbox<.01pt\unposition\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi + \box\charbox\global\advance\fontcount by1 } +\def\reposition{}%\setbox\charbox=\hbox{@\vcenter{\kern2pt +% \box\charbox\kern2pt}@}} +\def\unposition{\setbox\charbox=\hbox{\smalltextfont undef}} +\def\normalchart{% + &\oct{00x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline0 + &\oct{01x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline + &\oct{02x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline1 + &\oct{03x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline + &\oct{04x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline2 + &\oct{05x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline + &\oct{06x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline3 + &\oct{07x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline + &\oct{10x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline4 + &\oct{11x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline + &\oct{12x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline5 + &\oct{13x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline + &\oct{14x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline6 + &\oct{15x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline + &\oct{16x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\oddline7 + &\oct{17x}&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&&\:&\evenline} + +\newpage +\font\chartfont=wsuipa12 +{\tt WSUIPA12\bf--- WSU International Phonetic Alphabet Roman -- 12pt} +\beginchart{\chartfont} +\normalchart +\endchart +\vfill +\font\newchartfont=wslipa12 +{\tt WSLIPA12\bf---WSU International Phonetic Alphabet Slanted -- 12pt} +\nopagebreak +\beginchart{\newchartfont} +\normalchart +\endchart + +\newpage +\font\nchartfont=wbxipa12 +{\tt WBXIPA12\bf---WSU International Phonetic Alphabet Bold Extended +-- 12pt}\ +\beginchart{\nchartfont} +\normalchart +\endchart +\vfill +\font\nwchartfont=wsuipa9 +{\tt WSUIPA9\bf---WSU International Phonetic Alphabet Roman -- 9pt}\relax +\nopagebreak +\beginchart{\nwchartfont} +\normalchart +\endchart +\end{document} -- cgit v1.2.3