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-=head1 NAME
-
-perl595delta - what is new for perl v5.9.5
-
-=head1 DESCRIPTION
-
-This document describes differences between the 5.9.4 and the 5.9.5
-development releases. See L<perl590delta>, L<perl591delta>,
-L<perl592delta>, L<perl593delta> and L<perl594delta> for the differences
-between 5.8.0 and 5.9.4.
-
-=head1 Incompatible Changes
-
-=head2 Tainting and printf
-
-When perl is run under taint mode, C<printf()> and C<sprintf()> will now
-reject any tainted format argument. (Rafael Garcia-Suarez)
-
-=head2 undef and signal handlers
-
-Undefining or deleting a signal handler via C<undef $SIG{FOO}> is now
-equivalent to setting it to C<'DEFAULT'>. (Rafael)
-
-=head2 strictures and array/hash dereferencing in defined()
-
-C<defined @$foo> and C<defined %$bar> are now subject to C<strict 'refs'>
-(that is, C<$foo> and C<$bar> shall be proper references there.)
-(Nicholas Clark)
-
-(However, C<defined(@foo)> and C<defined(%bar)> are discouraged constructs
-anyway.)
-
-=head2 C<(?p{})> has been removed
-
-The regular expression construct C<(?p{})>, which was deprecated in perl
-5.8, has been removed. Use C<(??{})> instead. (Rafael)
-
-=head2 Pseudo-hashes have been removed
-
-Support for pseudo-hashes has been removed from Perl 5.9. (The C<fields>
-pragma remains here, but uses an alternate implementation.)
-
-=head2 Removal of the bytecode compiler and of perlcc
-
-C<perlcc>, the byteloader and the supporting modules (B::C, B::CC,
-B::Bytecode, etc.) are no longer distributed with the perl sources. Those
-experimental tools have never worked reliably, and, due to the lack of
-volunteers to keep them in line with the perl interpreter developments, it
-was decided to remove them instead of shipping a broken version of those.
-The last version of those modules can be found with perl 5.9.4.
-
-However the B compiler framework stays supported in the perl core, as with
-the more useful modules it has permitted (among others, B::Deparse and
-B::Concise).
-
-=head2 Removal of the JPL
-
-The JPL (Java-Perl Linguo) has been removed from the perl sources tarball.
-
-=head2 Recursive inheritance detected earlier
-
-Perl will now immediately throw an exception if you modify any package's
-C<@ISA> in such a way that it would cause recursive inheritance.
-
-Previously, the exception would not occur until Perl attempted to make
-use of the recursive inheritance while resolving a method or doing a
-C<$foo-E<gt>isa($bar)> lookup.
-
-=head1 Core Enhancements
-
-=head2 Regular expressions
-
-=over 4
-
-=item Recursive Patterns
-
-It is now possible to write recursive patterns without using the C<(??{})>
-construct. This new way is more efficient, and in many cases easier to
-read.
-
-Each capturing parenthesis can now be treated as an independent pattern
-that can be entered by using the C<(?PARNO)> syntax (C<PARNO> standing for
-"parenthesis number"). For example, the following pattern will match
-nested balanced angle brackets:
-
- /
- ^ # start of line
- ( # start capture buffer 1
- < # match an opening angle bracket
- (?: # match one of:
- (?> # don't backtrack over the inside of this group
- [^<>]+ # one or more non angle brackets
- ) # end non backtracking group
- | # ... or ...
- (?1) # recurse to bracket 1 and try it again
- )* # 0 or more times.
- > # match a closing angle bracket
- ) # end capture buffer one
- $ # end of line
- /x
-
-Note, users experienced with PCRE will find that the Perl implementation
-of this feature differs from the PCRE one in that it is possible to
-backtrack into a recursed pattern, whereas in PCRE the recursion is
-atomic or "possessive" in nature. (Yves Orton)
-
-=item Named Capture Buffers
-
-It is now possible to name capturing parenthesis in a pattern and refer to
-the captured contents by name. The naming syntax is C<< (?<NAME>....) >>.
-It's possible to backreference to a named buffer with the C<< \k<NAME> >>
-syntax. In code, the new magical hashes C<%+> and C<%-> can be used to
-access the contents of the capture buffers.
-
-Thus, to replace all doubled chars, one could write
-
- s/(?<letter>.)\k<letter>/$+{letter}/g
-
-Only buffers with defined contents will be "visible" in the C<%+> hash, so
-it's possible to do something like
-
- foreach my $name (keys %+) {
- print "content of buffer '$name' is $+{$name}\n";
- }
-
-The C<%-> hash is a bit more complete, since it will contain array refs
-holding values from all capture buffers similarly named, if there should
-be many of them.
-
-C<%+> and C<%-> are implemented as tied hashes through the new module
-C<Tie::Hash::NamedCapture>.
-
-Users exposed to the .NET regex engine will find that the perl
-implementation differs in that the numerical ordering of the buffers
-is sequential, and not "unnamed first, then named". Thus in the pattern
-
- /(A)(?<B>B)(C)(?<D>D)/
-
-$1 will be 'A', $2 will be 'B', $3 will be 'C' and $4 will be 'D' and not
-$1 is 'A', $2 is 'C' and $3 is 'B' and $4 is 'D' that a .NET programmer
-would expect. This is considered a feature. :-) (Yves Orton)
-
-=item Possessive Quantifiers
-
-Perl now supports the "possessive quantifier" syntax of the "atomic match"
-pattern. Basically a possessive quantifier matches as much as it can and never
-gives any back. Thus it can be used to control backtracking. The syntax is
-similar to non-greedy matching, except instead of using a '?' as the modifier
-the '+' is used. Thus C<?+>, C<*+>, C<++>, C<{min,max}+> are now legal
-quantifiers. (Yves Orton)
-
-=item Backtracking control verbs
-
-The regex engine now supports a number of special-purpose backtrack
-control verbs: (*THEN), (*PRUNE), (*MARK), (*SKIP), (*COMMIT), (*FAIL)
-and (*ACCEPT). See L<perlre> for their descriptions. (Yves Orton)
-
-=item Relative backreferences
-
-A new syntax C<\g{N}> or C<\gN> where "N" is a decimal integer allows a
-safer form of back-reference notation as well as allowing relative
-backreferences. This should make it easier to generate and embed patterns
-that contain backreferences. See L<perlre/"Capture buffers">. (Yves Orton)
-
-=item C<\K> escape
-
-The functionality of Jeff Pinyan's module Regexp::Keep has been added to
-the core. You can now use in regular expressions the special escape C<\K>
-as a way to do something like floating length positive lookbehind. It is
-also useful in substitutions like:
-
- s/(foo)bar/$1/g
-
-that can now be converted to
-
- s/foo\Kbar//g
-
-which is much more efficient. (Yves Orton)
-
-=item Vertical and horizontal whitespace, and linebreak
-
-Regular expressions now recognize the C<\v> and C<\h> escapes, that match
-vertical and horizontal whitespace, respectively. C<\V> and C<\H>
-logically match their complements.
-
-C<\R> matches a generic linebreak, that is, vertical whitespace, plus
-the multi-character sequence C<"\x0D\x0A">.
-
-=back
-
-=head2 The C<_> prototype
-
-A new prototype character has been added. C<_> is equivalent to C<$> (it
-denotes a scalar), but defaults to C<$_> if the corresponding argument
-isn't supplied. Due to the optional nature of the argument, you can only
-use it at the end of a prototype, or before a semicolon.
-
-This has a small incompatible consequence: the prototype() function has
-been adjusted to return C<_> for some built-ins in appropriate cases (for
-example, C<prototype('CORE::rmdir')>). (Rafael)
-
-=head2 UNITCHECK blocks
-
-C<UNITCHECK>, a new special code block has been introduced, in addition to
-C<BEGIN>, C<CHECK>, C<INIT> and C<END>.
-
-C<CHECK> and C<INIT> blocks, while useful for some specialized purposes,
-are always executed at the transition between the compilation and the
-execution of the main program, and thus are useless whenever code is
-loaded at runtime. On the other hand, C<UNITCHECK> blocks are executed
-just after the unit which defined them has been compiled. See L<perlmod>
-for more information. (Alex Gough)
-
-=head2 readpipe() is now overridable
-
-The built-in function readpipe() is now overridable. Overriding it permits
-also to override its operator counterpart, C<qx//> (a.k.a. C<``>).
-Moreover, it now defaults to C<$_> if no argument is provided. (Rafael)
-
-=head2 default argument for readline()
-
-readline() now defaults to C<*ARGV> if no argument is provided. (Rafael)
-
-=head2 UCD 5.0.0
-
-The copy of the Unicode Character Database included in Perl 5.9 has
-been updated to version 5.0.0.
-
-=head2 Smart match
-
-The smart match operator (C<~~>) is now available by default (you don't
-need to enable it with C<use feature> any longer). (Michael G Schwern)
-
-=head2 Implicit loading of C<feature>
-
-The C<feature> pragma is now implicitly loaded when you require a minimal
-perl version (with the C<use VERSION> construct) greater than, or equal
-to, 5.9.5.
-
-=head1 Modules and Pragmas
-
-=head2 New Pragma, C<mro>
-
-A new pragma, C<mro> (for Method Resolution Order) has been added. It
-permits to switch, on a per-class basis, the algorithm that perl uses to
-find inherited methods in case of a multiple inheritance hierarchy. The
-default MRO hasn't changed (DFS, for Depth First Search). Another MRO is
-available: the C3 algorithm. See L<mro> for more information.
-(Brandon Black)
-
-Note that, due to changes in the implementation of class hierarchy search,
-code that used to undef the C<*ISA> glob will most probably break. Anyway,
-undef'ing C<*ISA> had the side-effect of removing the magic on the @ISA
-array and should not have been done in the first place.
-
-=head2 bignum, bigint, bigrat
-
-The three numeric pragmas C<bignum>, C<bigint> and C<bigrat> are now
-lexically scoped. (Tels)
-
-=head2 Math::BigInt/Math::BigFloat
-
-Many bugs have been fixed; noteworthy are comparisons with NaN, which
-no longer warn about undef values.
-
-The following things are new:
-
-=over 4
-
-=item config()
-
-The config() method now also supports the calling-style
-C<< config('lib') >> in addition to C<< config()->{'lib'} >>.
-
-=item import()
-
-Upon import, using C<< lib => 'Foo' >> now warns if the low-level library
-cannot be found. To suppress the warning, you can use C<< try => 'Foo' >>
-instead. To convert the warning into a die, use C<< only => 'Foo' >>
-instead.
-
-=item roundmode common
-
-A rounding mode of C<common> is now supported.
-
-=back
-
-Also, support for the following methods has been added:
-
-=over 4
-
-=item bpi(), bcos(), bsin(), batan(), batan2()
-
-=item bmuladd()
-
-=item bexp(), bnok()
-
-=item from_hex(), from_oct(), and from_bin()
-
-=item as_oct()
-
-=back
-
-In addition, the default math-backend (Calc (Perl) and FastCalc (XS)) now
-support storing numbers in parts with 9 digits instead of 7 on Perls with
-either 64bit integer or long double support. This means math operations
-scale better and are thus faster for really big numbers.
-
-=head2 New Core Modules
-
-=over 4
-
-=item *
-
-C<Locale::Maketext::Simple>, needed by CPANPLUS, is a simple wrapper around
-C<Locale::Maketext::Lexicon>. Note that C<Locale::Maketext::Lexicon> isn't
-included in the perl core; the behaviour of C<Locale::Maketext::Simple>
-gracefully degrades when the later isn't present.
-
-=item *
-
-C<Params::Check> implements a generic input parsing/checking mechanism. It
-is used by CPANPLUS.
-
-=item *
-
-C<Term::UI> simplifies the task to ask questions at a terminal prompt.
-
-=item *
-
-C<Object::Accessor> provides an interface to create per-object accessors.
-
-=item *
-
-C<Module::Pluggable> is a simple framework to create modules that accept
-pluggable sub-modules.
-
-=item *
-
-C<Module::Load::Conditional> provides simple ways to query and possibly
-load installed modules.
-
-=item *
-
-C<Time::Piece> provides an object oriented interface to time functions,
-overriding the built-ins localtime() and gmtime().
-
-=item *
-
-C<IPC::Cmd> helps to find and run external commands, possibly
-interactively.
-
-=item *
-
-C<File::Fetch> provide a simple generic file fetching mechanism.
-
-=item *
-
-C<Log::Message> and C<Log::Message::Simple> are used by the log facility
-of C<CPANPLUS>.
-
-=item *
-
-C<Archive::Extract> is a generic archive extraction mechanism
-for F<.tar> (plain, gziped or bzipped) or F<.zip> files.
-
-=item *
-
-C<CPANPLUS> provides an API and a command-line tool to access the CPAN
-mirrors.
-
-=back
-
-=head2 Module changes
-
-=over 4
-
-=item C<assertions>
-
-The C<assertions> pragma, its submodules C<assertions::activate> and
-C<assertions::compat> and the B<-A> command-line switch have been removed.
-The interface was not judged mature enough for inclusion in a stable
-release.
-
-=item C<base>
-
-The C<base> pragma now warns if a class tries to inherit from itself.
-(Curtis "Ovid" Poe)
-
-=item C<strict> and C<warnings>
-
-C<strict> and C<warnings> will now complain loudly if they are loaded via
-incorrect casing (as in C<use Strict;>). (Johan Vromans)
-
-=item C<warnings>
-
-The C<warnings> pragma doesn't load C<Carp> anymore. That means that code
-that used C<Carp> routines without having loaded it at compile time might
-need to be adjusted; typically, the following (faulty) code won't work
-anymore, and will require parentheses to be added after the function name:
-
- use warnings;
- require Carp;
- Carp::confess "argh";
-
-=item C<less>
-
-C<less> now does something useful (or at least it tries to). In fact, it
-has been turned into a lexical pragma. So, in your modules, you can now
-test whether your users have requested to use less CPU, or less memory,
-less magic, or maybe even less fat. See L<less> for more. (Joshua ben
-Jore)
-
-=item C<Attribute::Handlers>
-
-C<Attribute::Handlers> can now report the caller's file and line number.
-(David Feldman)
-
-=item C<B::Lint>
-
-C<B::Lint> is now based on C<Module::Pluggable>, and so can be extended
-with plugins. (Joshua ben Jore)
-
-=item C<B>
-
-It's now possible to access the lexical pragma hints (C<%^H>) by using the
-method B::COP::hints_hash(). It returns a C<B::RHE> object, which in turn
-can be used to get a hash reference via the method B::RHE::HASH(). (Joshua
-ben Jore)
-
-=for p5p XXX document this in B.pm too
-
-=item C<Thread>
-
-As the old 5005thread threading model has been removed, in favor of the
-ithreads scheme, the C<Thread> module is now a compatibility wrapper, to
-be used in old code only. It has been removed from the default list of
-dynamic extensions.
-
-=back
-
-=head1 Utility Changes
-
-=head2 C<cpanp>
-
-C<cpanp>, the CPANPLUS shell, has been added. (C<cpanp-run-perl>, an
-helper for CPANPLUS operation, has been added too, but isn't intended for
-direct use).
-
-=head2 C<cpan2dist>
-
-C<cpan2dist> is a new utility, that comes with CPANPLUS. It's a tool to
-create distributions (or packages) from CPAN modules.
-
-=head2 C<pod2html>
-
-The output of C<pod2html> has been enhanced to be more customizable via
-CSS. Some formatting problems were also corrected. (Jari Aalto)
-
-=head1 Documentation
-
-=head2 New manpage, perlunifaq
-
-A new manual page, L<perlunifaq> (the Perl Unicode FAQ), has been added
-(Juerd Waalboer).
-
-=head1 Installation and Configuration Improvements
-
-=head2 C++ compatibility
-
-Efforts have been made to make perl and the core XS modules compilable
-with various C++ compilers (although the situation is not perfect with
-some of the compilers on some of the platforms tested.)
-
-=head2 Visual C++
-
-Perl now can be compiled with Microsoft Visual C++ 2005.
-
-=head2 Static build on Win32
-
-It's now possible to build a C<perl-static.exe> that doesn't depend
-on C<perl59.dll> on Win32. See the Win32 makefiles for details.
-(Vadim Konovalov)
-
-=head2 win32 builds
-
-All win32 builds (MS-Win, WinCE) have been merged and cleaned up.
-
-=head2 C<d_pseudofork> and C<d_printf_format_null>
-
-A new configuration variable, available as C<$Config{d_pseudofork}> in
-the L<Config> module, has been added, to distinguish real fork() support
-from fake pseudofork used on Windows platforms.
-
-A new configuration variable, C<d_printf_format_null>, has been added,
-to see if printf-like formats are allowed to be NULL.
-
-=head2 Help
-
-C<Configure -h> has been extended with the most used option.
-
-Much less 'Whoa there' messages.
-
-=head2 64bit systems
-
-Better detection of 64bit(only) systems, and setting all the (library)
-paths accordingly.
-
-=head2 Ports
-
-Perl has been reported to work on MidnightBSD.
-
-Support for Cray XT4 Catamount/Qk has been added.
-
-Vendor patches have been merged for RedHat and GenToo.
-
-=head1 Selected Bug Fixes
-
-PerlIO::scalar will now prevent writing to read-only scalars. Moreover,
-seek() is now supported with PerlIO::scalar-based filehandles, the
-underlying string being zero-filled as needed. (Rafael, Jarkko Hietaniemi)
-
-study() never worked for UTF-8 strings, but could lead to false results.
-It's now a no-op on UTF-8 data. (Yves Orton)
-
-The signals SIGILL, SIGBUS and SIGSEGV are now always delivered in an
-"unsafe" manner (contrary to other signals, that are deferred until the
-perl interpreter reaches a reasonably stable state; see
-L<perlipc/"Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)">). (Rafael)
-
-When a module or a file is loaded through an @INC-hook, and when this hook
-has set a filename entry in %INC, __FILE__ is now set for this module
-accordingly to the contents of that %INC entry. (Rafael)
-
-The C<-w> and C<-t> switches can now be used together without messing
-up what categories of warnings are activated or not. (Rafael)
-
-Duping a filehandle which has the C<:utf8> PerlIO layer set will now
-properly carry that layer on the duped filehandle. (Rafael)
-
-Localizing an hash element whose key was given as a variable didn't work
-correctly if the variable was changed while the local() was in effect (as
-in C<local $h{$x}; ++$x>). (Bo Lindbergh)
-
-=head1 New or Changed Diagnostics
-
-=head2 Deprecations
-
-Two deprecation warnings have been added: (Rafael)
-
- Opening dirhandle %s also as a file
- Opening filehandle %s also as a directory
-
-=head1 Changed Internals
-
-The anonymous hash and array constructors now take 1 op in the optree
-instead of 3, now that pp_anonhash and pp_anonlist return a reference to
-an hash/array when the op is flagged with OPf_SPECIAL (Nicholas Clark).
-
-=for p5p XXX have we some docs on how to create regexp engine plugins, since that's now possible ? (perlreguts)
-
-=for p5p XXX new BIND SV type, #29544, #29642
-
-=head1 Reporting Bugs
-
-If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the articles
-recently posted to the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup and the perl
-bug database at http://rt.perl.org/rt3/ . There may also be
-information at http://www.perl.org/ , the Perl Home Page.
-
-If you believe you have an unreported bug, please run the B<perlbug>
-program included with your release. Be sure to trim your bug down
-to a tiny but sufficient test case. Your bug report, along with the
-output of C<perl -V>, will be sent off to perlbug@perl.org to be
-analysed by the Perl porting team.
-
-=head1 SEE ALSO
-
-The F<Changes> file for exhaustive details on what changed.
-
-The F<INSTALL> file for how to build Perl.
-
-The F<README> file for general stuff.
-
-The F<Artistic> and F<Copying> files for copyright information.
-
-=cut