summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/Master/tlpkg/tlperl/lib/bigint.pm
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'Master/tlpkg/tlperl/lib/bigint.pm')
-rw-r--r--Master/tlpkg/tlperl/lib/bigint.pm726
1 files changed, 401 insertions, 325 deletions
diff --git a/Master/tlpkg/tlperl/lib/bigint.pm b/Master/tlpkg/tlperl/lib/bigint.pm
index 3bcf15aa32f..bc1ebe39724 100644
--- a/Master/tlpkg/tlperl/lib/bigint.pm
+++ b/Master/tlpkg/tlperl/lib/bigint.pm
@@ -1,145 +1,222 @@
package bigint;
+
use 5.006;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+our $VERSION = '0.42_01';
-$VERSION = '0.39';
use Exporter;
-@ISA = qw( Exporter );
-@EXPORT_OK = qw( PI e bpi bexp hex oct );
-@EXPORT = qw( inf NaN );
+our @ISA = qw( Exporter );
+our @EXPORT_OK = qw( PI e bpi bexp hex oct );
+our @EXPORT = qw( inf NaN );
-use strict;
use overload;
-##############################################################################
+##############################################################################
# These are all alike, and thus faked by AUTOLOAD
my @faked = qw/round_mode accuracy precision div_scale/;
-use vars qw/$VERSION $AUTOLOAD $_lite/; # _lite for testsuite
-
-sub AUTOLOAD
- {
- my $name = $AUTOLOAD;
-
- $name =~ s/.*:://; # split package
- no strict 'refs';
- foreach my $n (@faked)
- {
- if ($n eq $name)
- {
- *{"bigint::$name"} = sub
- {
- my $self = shift;
- no strict 'refs';
- if (defined $_[0])
- {
- return Math::BigInt->$name($_[0]);
- }
- return Math::BigInt->$name();
- };
- return &$name;
- }
+our ($AUTOLOAD, $_lite); # _lite for testsuite
+
+sub AUTOLOAD {
+ my $name = $AUTOLOAD;
+
+ $name =~ s/.*:://; # split package
+ no strict 'refs';
+ foreach my $n (@faked) {
+ if ($n eq $name) {
+ *{"bigint::$name"} =
+ sub {
+ my $self = shift;
+ no strict 'refs';
+ if (defined $_[0]) {
+ return Math::BigInt->$name($_[0]);
+ }
+ return Math::BigInt->$name();
+ };
+ return &$name;
+ }
}
-
- # delayed load of Carp and avoid recursion
- require Carp;
- Carp::croak ("Can't call bigint\-\>$name, not a valid method");
- }
-sub upgrade
- {
- $Math::BigInt::upgrade;
- }
+ # delayed load of Carp and avoid recursion
+ require Carp;
+ Carp::croak ("Can't call bigint\-\>$name, not a valid method");
+}
-sub _binary_constant
- {
- # this takes a binary/hexadecimal/octal constant string and returns it
- # as string suitable for new. Basically it converts octal to decimal, and
- # passes every thing else unmodified back.
- my $string = shift;
+sub upgrade {
+ $Math::BigInt::upgrade;
+}
- return Math::BigInt->new($string) if $string =~ /^0[bx]/;
+sub _binary_constant {
+ # this takes a binary/hexadecimal/octal constant string and returns it
+ # as string suitable for new. Basically it converts octal to decimal, and
+ # passes every thing else unmodified back.
+ my $string = shift;
- # so it must be an octal constant
- Math::BigInt->from_oct($string);
- }
+ return Math::BigInt->new($string) if $string =~ /^0[bx]/;
-sub _float_constant
- {
- # this takes a floating point constant string and returns it truncated to
- # integer. For instance, '4.5' => '4', '1.234e2' => '123' etc
- my $float = shift;
-
- # some simple cases first
- return $float if ($float =~ /^[+-]?[0-9]+$/); # '+123','-1','0' etc
- return $float
- if ($float =~ /^[+-]?[0-9]+\.?[eE]\+?[0-9]+$/); # 123e2, 123.e+2
- return '0' if ($float =~ /^[+-]?[0]*\.[0-9]+$/); # .2, 0.2, -.1
- if ($float =~ /^[+-]?[0-9]+\.[0-9]*$/) # 1., 1.23, -1.2 etc
- {
- $float =~ s/\..*//;
- return $float;
+ # so it must be an octal constant
+ Math::BigInt->from_oct($string);
+}
+
+sub _float_constant {
+ # this takes a floating point constant string and returns it truncated to
+ # integer. For instance, '4.5' => '4', '1.234e2' => '123' etc
+ my $float = shift;
+
+ # some simple cases first
+ return $float if ($float =~ /^[+-]?[0-9]+$/); # '+123','-1','0' etc
+ return $float
+ if ($float =~ /^[+-]?[0-9]+\.?[eE]\+?[0-9]+$/); # 123e2, 123.e+2
+ return '0' if ($float =~ /^[+-]?[0]*\.[0-9]+$/); # .2, 0.2, -.1
+ if ($float =~ /^[+-]?[0-9]+\.[0-9]*$/) { # 1., 1.23, -1.2 etc
+ $float =~ s/\..*//;
+ return $float;
}
- my ($mis,$miv,$mfv,$es,$ev) = Math::BigInt::_split($float);
- return $float if !defined $mis; # doesn't look like a number to me
- my $ec = int($$ev);
- my $sign = $$mis; $sign = '' if $sign eq '+';
- if ($$es eq '-')
- {
- # ignore fraction part entirely
- if ($ec >= length($$miv)) # 123.23E-4
- {
- return '0';
- }
- return $sign . substr ($$miv,0,length($$miv)-$ec); # 1234.45E-2 = 12
+ my ($mis, $miv, $mfv, $es, $ev) = Math::BigInt::_split($float);
+ return $float if !defined $mis; # doesn't look like a number to me
+ my $ec = int($$ev);
+ my $sign = $$mis;
+ $sign = '' if $sign eq '+';
+ if ($$es eq '-') {
+ # ignore fraction part entirely
+ if ($ec >= length($$miv)) { # 123.23E-4
+ return '0';
+ }
+ return $sign . substr($$miv, 0, length($$miv) - $ec); # 1234.45E-2 = 12
}
- # xE+y
- if ($ec >= length($$mfv))
- {
- $ec -= length($$mfv);
- return $sign.$$miv.$$mfv if $ec == 0; # 123.45E+2 => 12345
- return $sign.$$miv.$$mfv.'E'.$ec; # 123.45e+3 => 12345e1
+ # xE+y
+ if ($ec >= length($$mfv)) {
+ $ec -= length($$mfv);
+ return $sign.$$miv.$$mfv if $ec == 0; # 123.45E+2 => 12345
+ return $sign.$$miv.$$mfv.'E'.$ec; # 123.45e+3 => 12345e1
}
- $mfv = substr($$mfv,0,$ec);
- $sign.$$miv.$mfv; # 123.45e+1 => 1234
- }
+ $mfv = substr($$mfv, 0, $ec);
+ $sign.$$miv.$mfv; # 123.45e+1 => 1234
+}
-sub unimport
- {
- $^H{bigint} = undef; # no longer in effect
- overload::remove_constant('binary','','float','','integer');
- }
+sub unimport {
+ $^H{bigint} = undef; # no longer in effect
+ overload::remove_constant('binary', '', 'float', '', 'integer');
+}
-sub in_effect
- {
- my $level = shift || 0;
- my $hinthash = (caller($level))[10];
- $hinthash->{bigint};
- }
+sub in_effect {
+ my $level = shift || 0;
+ my $hinthash = (caller($level))[10];
+ $hinthash->{bigint};
+}
#############################################################################
# the following two routines are for "use bigint qw/hex oct/;":
use constant LEXICAL => $] > 5.009004;
+# Internal function with the same semantics as CORE::hex(). This function is
+# not used directly, but rather by other front-end functions.
+
+sub _hex_core {
+ my $str = shift;
+
+ # Strip off, clean, and parse as much as we can from the beginning.
+
+ my $x;
+ if ($str =~ s/ ^ (0?[xX])? ( [0-9a-fA-F]* ( _ [0-9a-fA-F]+ )* ) //x) {
+ my $chrs = $2;
+ $chrs =~ tr/_//d;
+ $chrs = '0' unless CORE::length $chrs;
+ $x = Math::BigInt -> from_hex($chrs);
+ } else {
+ $x = Math::BigInt -> bzero();
+ }
+
+ # Warn about trailing garbage.
+
+ if (CORE::length($str)) {
+ require Carp;
+ Carp::carp(sprintf("Illegal hexadecimal digit '%s' ignored",
+ substr($str, 0, 1)));
+ }
+
+ return $x;
+}
+
+# Internal function with the same semantics as CORE::oct(). This function is
+# not used directly, but rather by other front-end functions.
+
+sub _oct_core {
+ my $str = shift;
+
+ $str =~ s/^\s*//;
+
+ # Hexadecimal input.
+
+ return _hex_core($str) if $str =~ /^0?[xX]/;
+
+ my $x;
+
+ # Binary input.
+
+ if ($str =~ /^0?[bB]/) {
+
+ # Strip off, clean, and parse as much as we can from the beginning.
+
+ if ($str =~ s/ ^ (0?[bB])? ( [01]* ( _ [01]+ )* ) //x) {
+ my $chrs = $2;
+ $chrs =~ tr/_//d;
+ $chrs = '0' unless CORE::length $chrs;
+ $x = Math::BigInt -> from_bin($chrs);
+ }
+
+ # Warn about trailing garbage.
+
+ if (CORE::length($str)) {
+ require Carp;
+ Carp::carp(sprintf("Illegal binary digit '%s' ignored",
+ substr($str, 0, 1)));
+ }
+
+ return $x;
+ }
+
+ # Octal input. Strip off, clean, and parse as much as we can from the
+ # beginning.
+
+ if ($str =~ s/ ^ ( [0-7]* ( _ [0-7]+ )* ) //x) {
+ my $chrs = $1;
+ $chrs =~ tr/_//d;
+ $chrs = '0' unless CORE::length $chrs;
+ $x = Math::BigInt -> from_oct($chrs);
+ }
+
+ # Warn about trailing garbage. CORE::oct() only warns about 8 and 9.
+
+ if (CORE::length($str)) {
+ my $chr = substr($str, 0, 1);
+ if ($chr eq '8' || $chr eq '9') {
+ require Carp;
+ Carp::carp(sprintf("Illegal octal digit '%s' ignored", $chr));
+ }
+ }
+
+ return $x;
+}
+
{
my $proto = LEXICAL ? '_' : ';$';
eval '
-sub hex(' . $proto . ')' . <<'.';
- {
- my $i = @_ ? $_[0] : $_;
- $i = '0x'.$i unless $i =~ /^0x/;
- Math::BigInt->new($i);
- }
+sub hex(' . $proto . ') {' . <<'.';
+ my $str = @_ ? $_[0] : $_;
+ _hex_core($str);
+}
.
+
eval '
-sub oct(' . $proto . ')' . <<'.';
- {
- my $i = @_ ? $_[0] : $_;
- # oct() should never fall back to decimal
- return Math::BigInt->from_oct($i) if $i =~ s/^(?=0[0-9]|[1-9])/0/;
- Math::BigInt->new($i);
- }
+sub oct(' . $proto . ') {' . <<'.';
+ my $str = @_ ? $_[0] : $_;
+ _oct_core($str);
+}
.
}
@@ -149,145 +226,140 @@ sub oct(' . $proto . ')' . <<'.';
my ($prev_oct, $prev_hex, $overridden);
if (LEXICAL) { eval <<'.' }
-sub _hex(_)
- {
- my $hh = (caller 0)[10];
- return $prev_hex ? &$prev_hex($_[0]) : CORE::hex($_[0])
- unless $$hh{bigint}||$$hh{bignum}||$$hh{bigrat};
- my $i = $_[0];
- $i = '0x'.$i unless $i =~ /^0x/;
- Math::BigInt->new($i);
- }
+sub _hex(_) {
+ my $hh = (caller 0)[10];
+ return $prev_hex ? &$prev_hex($_[0]) : CORE::hex($_[0])
+ unless $$hh{bigint}||$$hh{bignum}||$$hh{bigrat};
+ _hex_core($_[0]);
+}
-sub _oct(_)
- {
- my $hh = (caller 0)[10];
- return $prev_oct ? &$prev_oct($_[0]) : CORE::oct($_[0])
- unless $$hh{bigint}||$$hh{bignum}||$$hh{bigrat};
- my $i = $_[0];
- # oct() should never fall back to decimal
- return Math::BigInt->from_oct($i) if $i =~ s/^(?=0[0-9]|[1-9])/0/;
- Math::BigInt->new($i);
- }
+sub _oct(_) {
+ my $hh = (caller 0)[10];
+ return $prev_oct ? &$prev_oct($_[0]) : CORE::oct($_[0])
+ unless $$hh{bigint}||$$hh{bignum}||$$hh{bigrat};
+ _oct_core($_[0]);
+}
.
-sub _override
- {
- return if $overridden;
- $prev_oct = *CORE::GLOBAL::oct{CODE};
- $prev_hex = *CORE::GLOBAL::hex{CODE};
- no warnings 'redefine';
- *CORE::GLOBAL::oct = \&_oct;
- *CORE::GLOBAL::hex = \&_hex;
- $overridden++;
- }
+sub _override {
+ return if $overridden;
+ $prev_oct = *CORE::GLOBAL::oct{CODE};
+ $prev_hex = *CORE::GLOBAL::hex{CODE};
+ no warnings 'redefine';
+ *CORE::GLOBAL::oct = \&_oct;
+ *CORE::GLOBAL::hex = \&_hex;
+ $overridden++;
+}
-sub import
- {
- my $self = shift;
+sub import {
+ my $self = shift;
- $^H{bigint} = 1; # we are in effect
+ $^H{bigint} = 1; # we are in effect
- # for newer Perls always override hex() and oct() with a lexical version:
- if (LEXICAL)
- {
- _override();
+ # for newer Perls always override hex() and oct() with a lexical version:
+ if (LEXICAL) {
+ _override();
}
- # some defaults
- my $lib = ''; my $lib_kind = 'try';
-
- my @import = ( ':constant' ); # drive it w/ constant
- my @a = @_; my $l = scalar @_; my $j = 0;
- my ($ver,$trace); # version? trace?
- my ($a,$p); # accuracy, precision
- for ( my $i = 0; $i < $l ; $i++,$j++ )
- {
- if ($_[$i] =~ /^(l|lib|try|only)$/)
- {
- # this causes a different low lib to take care...
- $lib_kind = $1; $lib_kind = 'lib' if $lib_kind eq 'l';
- $lib = $_[$i+1] || '';
- my $s = 2; $s = 1 if @a-$j < 2; # avoid "can not modify non-existent..."
- splice @a, $j, $s; $j -= $s; $i++;
- }
- elsif ($_[$i] =~ /^(a|accuracy)$/)
- {
- $a = $_[$i+1];
- my $s = 2; $s = 1 if @a-$j < 2; # avoid "can not modify non-existent..."
- splice @a, $j, $s; $j -= $s; $i++;
- }
- elsif ($_[$i] =~ /^(p|precision)$/)
- {
- $p = $_[$i+1];
- my $s = 2; $s = 1 if @a-$j < 2; # avoid "can not modify non-existent..."
- splice @a, $j, $s; $j -= $s; $i++;
- }
- elsif ($_[$i] =~ /^(v|version)$/)
- {
- $ver = 1;
- splice @a, $j, 1; $j --;
- }
- elsif ($_[$i] =~ /^(t|trace)$/)
- {
- $trace = 1;
- splice @a, $j, 1; $j --;
- }
- elsif ($_[$i] !~ /^(PI|e|bpi|bexp|hex|oct)\z/)
- {
- die ("unknown option $_[$i]");
- }
- }
- my $class;
- $_lite = 0; # using M::BI::L ?
- if ($trace)
- {
- require Math::BigInt::Trace; $class = 'Math::BigInt::Trace';
+ # some defaults
+ my $lib = '';
+ my $lib_kind = 'try';
+
+ my @import = (':constant'); # drive it w/ constant
+ my @a = @_;
+ my $l = scalar @_;
+ my $j = 0;
+ my ($ver, $trace); # version? trace?
+ my ($a, $p); # accuracy, precision
+ for (my $i = 0; $i < $l; $i++, $j++) {
+ if ($_[$i] =~ /^(l|lib|try|only)$/) {
+ # this causes a different low lib to take care...
+ $lib_kind = $1;
+ $lib_kind = 'lib' if $lib_kind eq 'l';
+ $lib = $_[$i + 1] || '';
+ my $s = 2;
+ $s = 1 if @a - $j < 2; # avoid "can not modify non-existent..."
+ splice @a, $j, $s;
+ $j -= $s;
+ $i++;
+ } elsif ($_[$i] =~ /^(a|accuracy)$/) {
+ $a = $_[$i + 1];
+ my $s = 2;
+ $s = 1 if @a - $j < 2; # avoid "can not modify non-existent..."
+ splice @a, $j, $s;
+ $j -= $s;
+ $i++;
+ } elsif ($_[$i] =~ /^(p|precision)$/) {
+ $p = $_[$i + 1];
+ my $s = 2;
+ $s = 1 if @a - $j < 2; # avoid "can not modify non-existent..."
+ splice @a, $j, $s;
+ $j -= $s;
+ $i++;
+ } elsif ($_[$i] =~ /^(v|version)$/) {
+ $ver = 1;
+ splice @a, $j, 1;
+ $j--;
+ } elsif ($_[$i] =~ /^(t|trace)$/) {
+ $trace = 1;
+ splice @a, $j, 1;
+ $j--;
+ } elsif ($_[$i] !~ /^(PI|e|bpi|bexp|hex|oct)\z/) {
+ die ("unknown option $_[$i]");
+ }
}
- else
- {
- # see if we can find Math::BigInt::Lite
- if (!defined $a && !defined $p) # rounding won't work to well
- {
- if (eval { require Math::BigInt::Lite; 1 })
- {
- @import = ( ); # :constant in Lite, not MBI
- Math::BigInt::Lite->import( ':constant' );
- $_lite= 1; # signal okay
+ my $class;
+ $_lite = 0; # using M::BI::L ?
+ if ($trace) {
+ require Math::BigInt::Trace;
+ $class = 'Math::BigInt::Trace';
+ } else {
+ # see if we can find Math::BigInt::Lite
+ if (!defined $a && !defined $p) { # rounding won't work to well
+ local @INC = @INC;
+ pop @INC if $INC[-1] eq '.';
+ if (eval { require Math::BigInt::Lite; 1 }) {
+ @import = (); # :constant in Lite, not MBI
+ Math::BigInt::Lite->import(':constant');
+ $_lite = 1; # signal okay
+ }
}
- }
- require Math::BigInt if $_lite == 0; # not already loaded?
- $class = 'Math::BigInt'; # regardless of MBIL or not
+ require Math::BigInt if $_lite == 0; # not already loaded?
+ $class = 'Math::BigInt'; # regardless of MBIL or not
}
- push @import, $lib_kind => $lib if $lib ne '';
- # Math::BigInt::Trace or plain Math::BigInt
- $class->import(@import);
-
- bigint->accuracy($a) if defined $a;
- bigint->precision($p) if defined $p;
- if ($ver)
- {
- print "bigint\t\t\t v$VERSION\n";
- print "Math::BigInt::Lite\t v$Math::BigInt::Lite::VERSION\n" if $_lite;
- print "Math::BigInt\t\t v$Math::BigInt::VERSION";
- my $config = Math::BigInt->config();
- print " lib => $config->{lib} v$config->{lib_version}\n";
- exit;
+ push @import, $lib_kind => $lib if $lib ne '';
+ # Math::BigInt::Trace or plain Math::BigInt
+ $class->import(@import);
+
+ bigint->accuracy($a) if defined $a;
+ bigint->precision($p) if defined $p;
+ if ($ver) {
+ print "bigint\t\t\t v$VERSION\n";
+ print "Math::BigInt::Lite\t v$Math::BigInt::Lite::VERSION\n" if $_lite;
+ print "Math::BigInt\t\t v$Math::BigInt::VERSION";
+ my $config = Math::BigInt->config();
+ print " lib => $config->{lib} v$config->{lib_version}\n";
+ exit;
}
- # we take care of floating point constants, since BigFloat isn't available
- # and BigInt doesn't like them:
- overload::constant float => sub { Math::BigInt->new( _float_constant(shift) ); };
- # Take care of octal/hexadecimal constants
- overload::constant binary => sub { _binary_constant(shift) };
-
- # if another big* was already loaded:
- my ($package) = caller();
-
- no strict 'refs';
- if (!defined *{"${package}::inf"})
- {
- $self->export_to_level(1,$self,@a); # export inf and NaN, e and PI
+ # we take care of floating point constants, since BigFloat isn't available
+ # and BigInt doesn't like them:
+ overload::constant float =>
+ sub {
+ Math::BigInt->new(_float_constant(shift));
+ };
+ # Take care of octal/hexadecimal constants
+ overload::constant binary =>
+ sub {
+ _binary_constant(shift);
+ };
+
+ # if another big* was already loaded:
+ my ($package) = caller();
+
+ no strict 'refs';
+ if (!defined *{"${package}::inf"}) {
+ $self->export_to_level(1, $self, @a); # export inf and NaN, e and PI
}
- }
+}
sub inf () { Math::BigInt::binf(); }
sub NaN () { Math::BigInt::bnan(); }
@@ -295,12 +367,17 @@ sub NaN () { Math::BigInt::bnan(); }
sub PI () { Math::BigInt->new(3); }
sub e () { Math::BigInt->new(2); }
sub bpi ($) { Math::BigInt->new(3); }
-sub bexp ($$) { my $x = Math::BigInt->new($_[0]); $x->bexp($_[1]); }
+sub bexp ($$) {
+ my $x = Math::BigInt->new($_[0]);
+ $x->bexp($_[1]);
+}
1;
__END__
+=pod
+
=head1 NAME
bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
@@ -309,15 +386,15 @@ bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
use bigint;
- $x = 2 + 4.5,"\n"; # BigInt 6
- print 2 ** 512,"\n"; # really is what you think it is
- print inf + 42,"\n"; # inf
- print NaN * 7,"\n"; # NaN
- print hex("0x1234567890123490"),"\n"; # Perl v5.10.0 or later
+ $x = 2 + 4.5,"\n"; # BigInt 6
+ print 2 ** 512,"\n"; # really is what you think it is
+ print inf + 42,"\n"; # inf
+ print NaN * 7,"\n"; # NaN
+ print hex("0x1234567890123490"),"\n"; # Perl v5.10.0 or later
{
no bigint;
- print 2 ** 256,"\n"; # a normal Perl scalar now
+ print 2 ** 256,"\n"; # a normal Perl scalar now
}
# Import into current package:
@@ -342,32 +419,32 @@ There is one small difference between C<use integer> and C<use bigint>: the
former will not affect assignments to variables and the return value of
some functions. C<bigint> truncates these results to integer too:
- # perl -Minteger -wle 'print 3.2'
- 3.2
- # perl -Minteger -wle 'print 3.2 + 0'
- 3
- # perl -Mbigint -wle 'print 3.2'
- 3
- # perl -Mbigint -wle 'print 3.2 + 0'
- 3
-
- # perl -Mbigint -wle 'print exp(1) + 0'
- 2
- # perl -Mbigint -wle 'print exp(1)'
- 2
- # perl -Minteger -wle 'print exp(1)'
- 2.71828182845905
- # perl -Minteger -wle 'print exp(1) + 0'
- 2
+ # perl -Minteger -wle 'print 3.2'
+ 3.2
+ # perl -Minteger -wle 'print 3.2 + 0'
+ 3
+ # perl -Mbigint -wle 'print 3.2'
+ 3
+ # perl -Mbigint -wle 'print 3.2 + 0'
+ 3
+
+ # perl -Mbigint -wle 'print exp(1) + 0'
+ 2
+ # perl -Mbigint -wle 'print exp(1)'
+ 2
+ # perl -Minteger -wle 'print exp(1)'
+ 2.71828182845905
+ # perl -Minteger -wle 'print exp(1) + 0'
+ 2
In practice this makes seldom a difference as B<parts and results> of
expressions will be truncated anyway, but this can, for instance, affect the
return value of subroutines:
- sub three_integer { use integer; return 3.2; }
+ sub three_integer { use integer; return 3.2; }
sub three_bigint { use bigint; return 3.2; }
- print three_integer(), " ", three_bigint(),"\n"; # prints "3.2 3"
+ print three_integer(), " ", three_bigint(),"\n"; # prints "3.2 3"
=head2 Options
@@ -382,7 +459,7 @@ The following options exist:
This sets the accuracy for all math operations. The argument must be greater
than or equal to zero. See Math::BigInt's bround() function for details.
- perl -Mbigint=a,2 -le 'print 12345+1'
+ perl -Mbigint=a,2 -le 'print 12345+1'
Note that setting precision and accuracy at the same time is not possible.
@@ -396,7 +473,7 @@ integer and are ignore like negative values.
See Math::BigInt's bfround() function for details.
- perl -Mbignum=p,5 -le 'print 123456789+123'
+ perl -Mbignum=p,5 -le 'print 123456789+123'
Note that setting precision and accuracy at the same time is not possible.
@@ -423,14 +500,14 @@ overridden in the current scope whenever the bigint pragma is active.
Load a different math lib, see L<Math Library>.
- perl -Mbigint=lib,GMP -e 'print 2 ** 512'
- perl -Mbigint=try,GMP -e 'print 2 ** 512'
- perl -Mbigint=only,GMP -e 'print 2 ** 512'
+ perl -Mbigint=lib,GMP -e 'print 2 ** 512'
+ perl -Mbigint=try,GMP -e 'print 2 ** 512'
+ perl -Mbigint=only,GMP -e 'print 2 ** 512'
Currently there is no way to specify more than one library on the command
line. This means the following does not work:
- perl -Mbignum=l,GMP,Pari -e 'print 2 ** 512'
+ perl -Mbignum=l,GMP,Pari -e 'print 2 ** 512'
This will be hopefully fixed soon ;)
@@ -438,7 +515,7 @@ This will be hopefully fixed soon ;)
This prints out the name and version of all modules used and then exits.
- perl -Mbigint=v
+ perl -Mbigint=v
=back
@@ -447,16 +524,16 @@ This prints out the name and version of all modules used and then exits.
Math with the numbers is done (by default) by a module called
Math::BigInt::Calc. This is equivalent to saying:
- use bigint lib => 'Calc';
+ use bigint lib => 'Calc';
You can change this by using:
- use bignum lib => 'GMP';
+ use bignum lib => 'GMP';
The following would first try to find Math::BigInt::Foo, then
Math::BigInt::Bar, and when this also fails, revert to Math::BigInt::Calc:
- use bigint lib => 'Foo,Math::BigInt::Bar';
+ use bigint lib => 'Foo,Math::BigInt::Bar';
Using C<lib> warns if none of the specified libraries can be found and
L<Math::BigInt> did fall back to one of the default libraries.
@@ -496,36 +573,36 @@ minus infinity. You will get '+inf' when dividing a positive number by 0, and
Since all numbers are now objects, you can use all functions that are part of
the BigInt API. You can only use the bxxx() notation, and not the fxxx()
-notation, though.
+notation, though.
But a warning is in order. When using the following to make a copy of a number,
only a shallow copy will be made.
- $x = 9; $y = $x;
- $x = $y = 7;
+ $x = 9; $y = $x;
+ $x = $y = 7;
Using the copy or the original with overloaded math is okay, e.g. the
following work:
- $x = 9; $y = $x;
- print $x + 1, " ", $y,"\n"; # prints 10 9
+ $x = 9; $y = $x;
+ print $x + 1, " ", $y,"\n"; # prints 10 9
but calling any method that modifies the number directly will result in
B<both> the original and the copy being destroyed:
- $x = 9; $y = $x;
- print $x->badd(1), " ", $y,"\n"; # prints 10 10
+ $x = 9; $y = $x;
+ print $x->badd(1), " ", $y,"\n"; # prints 10 10
- $x = 9; $y = $x;
- print $x->binc(1), " ", $y,"\n"; # prints 10 10
+ $x = 9; $y = $x;
+ print $x->binc(1), " ", $y,"\n"; # prints 10 10
- $x = 9; $y = $x;
- print $x->bmul(2), " ", $y,"\n"; # prints 18 18
+ $x = 9; $y = $x;
+ print $x->bmul(2), " ", $y,"\n"; # prints 18 18
Using methods that do not modify, but test that the contents works:
- $x = 9; $y = $x;
- $z = 9 if $x->is_zero(); # works fine
+ $x = 9; $y = $x;
+ $z = 9 if $x->is_zero(); # works fine
See the documentation about the copy constructor and C<=> in overload, as
well as the documentation in BigInt for further details.
@@ -546,21 +623,21 @@ handle bareword C<NaN> properly.
=item e
- # perl -Mbigint=e -wle 'print e'
+ # perl -Mbigint=e -wle 'print e'
Returns Euler's number C<e>, aka exp(1). Note that under bigint, this is
truncated to an integer, and hence simple '2'.
=item PI
- # perl -Mbigint=PI -wle 'print PI'
+ # perl -Mbigint=PI -wle 'print PI'
Returns PI. Note that under bigint, this is truncated to an integer, and hence
simple '3'.
=item bexp()
- bexp($power,$accuracy);
+ bexp($power,$accuracy);
Returns Euler's number C<e> raised to the appropriate power, to
the wanted accuracy.
@@ -569,18 +646,18 @@ Note that under bigint, the result is truncated to an integer.
Example:
- # perl -Mbigint=bexp -wle 'print bexp(1,80)'
+ # perl -Mbigint=bexp -wle 'print bexp(1,80)'
=item bpi()
- bpi($accuracy);
+ bpi($accuracy);
Returns PI to the wanted accuracy. Note that under bigint, this is truncated
to an integer, and hence simple '3'.
Example:
- # perl -Mbigint=bpi -wle 'print bpi(80)'
+ # perl -Mbigint=bpi -wle 'print bpi(80)'
=item upgrade()
@@ -589,13 +666,13 @@ C<$Math::BigInt::upgrade>.
=item in_effect()
- use bigint;
+ use bigint;
- print "in effect\n" if bigint::in_effect; # true
- {
- no bigint;
- print "in effect\n" if bigint::in_effect; # false
- }
+ print "in effect\n" if bigint::in_effect; # true
+ {
+ no bigint;
+ print "in effect\n" if bigint::in_effect; # false
+ }
Returns true or false if C<bigint> is in effect in the current scope.
@@ -633,14 +710,13 @@ C<Math::BigInt> objects, use a literal number in the expression:
Perl does not allow overloading of ranges, so you can neither safely use
ranges with bigint endpoints, nor is the iterator variable a bigint.
- use 5.010;
- for my $i (12..13) {
- for my $j (20..21) {
- say $i ** $j; # produces a floating-point number,
- # not a big integer
- }
- }
-
+ use 5.010;
+ for my $i (12..13) {
+ for my $j (20..21) {
+ say $i ** $j; # produces a floating-point number,
+ # not a big integer
+ }
+ }
=item in_effect()
@@ -654,22 +730,22 @@ will not happen unless you specifically ask for it with the two
import tags "hex" and "oct" - and then it will be global and cannot be
disabled inside a scope with "no bigint":
- use bigint qw/hex oct/;
+ use bigint qw/hex oct/;
- print hex("0x1234567890123456");
- {
- no bigint;
- print hex("0x1234567890123456");
- }
+ print hex("0x1234567890123456");
+ {
+ no bigint;
+ print hex("0x1234567890123456");
+ }
The second call to hex() will warn about a non-portable constant.
Compare this to:
- use bigint;
+ use bigint;
- # will warn only under Perl older than v5.9.4
- print hex("0x1234567890123456");
+ # will warn only under Perl older than v5.9.4
+ print hex("0x1234567890123456");
=back
@@ -681,23 +757,23 @@ the others to do the work.
The following modules are currently used by bigint:
- Math::BigInt::Lite (for speed, and only if it is loadable)
- Math::BigInt
+ Math::BigInt::Lite (for speed, and only if it is loadable)
+ Math::BigInt
=head1 EXAMPLES
Some cool command line examples to impress the Python crowd ;) You might want
to compare them to the results under -Mbignum or -Mbigrat:
- perl -Mbigint -le 'print sqrt(33)'
- perl -Mbigint -le 'print 2*255'
- perl -Mbigint -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
- perl -Mbigint -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
- perl -Mbigint -le 'print 123->is_odd()'
- perl -Mbigint -le 'print log(2)'
- perl -Mbigint -le 'print 2 ** 0.5'
- perl -Mbigint=a,65 -le 'print 2 ** 0.2'
- perl -Mbignum=a,65,l,GMP -le 'print 7 ** 7777'
+ perl -Mbigint -le 'print sqrt(33)'
+ perl -Mbigint -le 'print 2*255'
+ perl -Mbigint -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
+ perl -Mbigint -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
+ perl -Mbigint -le 'print 123->is_odd()'
+ perl -Mbigint -le 'print log(2)'
+ perl -Mbigint -le 'print 2 ** 0.5'
+ perl -Mbigint=a,65 -le 'print 2 ** 0.2'
+ perl -Mbignum=a,65,l,GMP -le 'print 7 ** 7777'
=head1 LICENSE