diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Master/texmf-dist/doc/plain/jsmisc/deutsch.tex')
-rw-r--r-- | Master/texmf-dist/doc/plain/jsmisc/deutsch.tex | 350 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 350 deletions
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/plain/jsmisc/deutsch.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/plain/jsmisc/deutsch.tex deleted file mode 100644 index 26f3e3719d6..00000000000 --- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/plain/jsmisc/deutsch.tex +++ /dev/null @@ -1,350 +0,0 @@ -% $Id: deutsch.doc,v 1.4 1995/07/30 13:23:56 schrod Exp $ -%---------------------------------------------------------------------- -% Written by Joachim Schrod <schrod@iti.informatik.th-darmstadt.de>. -% This file is distributed without any copyright restriction. - -% -% deutsch.doc -- typeset German documents with plain TeX. -% -% [TeX in MAKEPROG] -% (history at end) - - -%%%% -%%%% -%%%% These TeX macros were documented with the documentation system -%%%% MAKEPROG and automatically converted to the current form. -%%%% If you have MAKEPROG available you may transform it back to -%%%% the original input: Remove every occurence of three percents -%%%% and one optional blank from the beginning of a line and remove -%%%% every line which starts with four percents. The following lex -%%%% program will do this: -%%%% -%%%% %% -%%%% -%%%% ^%%%\ ? ; -%%%% ^%%%%.*\n ; -%%%% -%%%% If you just want to print the documentation you may fetch -%%%% the archive print-makeprog.tar.Z from ftp.th-darmstadt.de (directory -%%%% pub/tex/latex). It contains *all* used styles -- but beware, they -%%%% may not be in a documented form... -%%%% -%%%% -%%% \input progdoc - -%%% \input names.sty -%%% \def\babel{{\sf babel}} - - - -%%% \title{Typesetting German Documents with Plain \TeX{}} - - - -%%% \chap Introduction. - -%%% There are several defencies of plain \TeX{} if used for German -%%% documents: - -%%% \item{---} Mappings of national characters (`umlauts' and `sharp~s') -%%% to macros or to other character codes (if special fonts are available) -%%% are missing. - -%%% \item{---} \TeX{} produces lots of overfull hboxes for German texts. -%%% That's because the words there are usually longer than English ones. -%%% Furthermore we have to use much more hyphenation for German texts than -%%% for English ones, narrow typesetting is more important than few -%%% hyphenations. In particular, words with umlauts are not hyphenated -%%% often anyhow, even with the `multiple-word' approach from |german.sty|. - -%%% \item{---} It is typographic usage that between compound words -%%% ligatures are not built. Plain~\TeX{} has no easy, readable way to -%%% provide this. - -%%% \noindent This file does the according definitions. They are quite -%%% often only a kludge. But it is hard to make the restrictions -%%% disappear, sometimes it is even impossible within the current -%%% implementation of \TeX{}---and there will never be any other -%%% implementation. So we must live with these kludges. - - -%%% \sect Of course, there is more to German typesetting. Hyphenation, -%%% also for words with umlauts and sharp~s, etc. This basic -%%% functionality is supplied by the \babel{} system and DANTE's -%%% |german.sty|, we have to load the appropriate module. - -%%% There's one problem, though. \babel{}~3.5 defines -%%% |\DeclareTextSymbol|, a symbol used by |german.sty| to decide if it -%%% shall use NFSS code to access symbols. But that usage will lead to an -%%% endless recursion, because some text symbols are defined by -%%% themselves. I don't know if that problem is caused by \babel{}'s code -%%% or by its usage in |german.sty| -- turning it off seems to be an -%%% appropriate fix. - -%%% \beginprog -\let\DeclareTextSymbol\undefined -\input german.sty -%%% \endprog - - -%%% \sect But before we start we declare some shorthands for category -%%% codes. By declaring the at sign~(`|@|') as well as the -%%% underscore~`(|_|)' as letters we can use them in our macros. (I -%%% agree with D.~Knuth that |\identifier_several_words_long| is more -%%% readable than |\IdentifierSeveralWordsLong| and in every case better -%%% than |\p@@@s|.) With the at sign we can use the ``private'' Plain -%%% macros and with the underscore we can make our own macros more -%%% readable. But as we have to restore these category codes at the end -%%% of this macro file we store their former values in control -%%% sequences. This method is better than to use -%%% a group because not all macros have to be defined global this way. - -%%% \beginprog -\ifx \CatEscape\undefined - \chardef\CatEscape=0 - \chardef\CatOpen=1 - \chardef\CatClose=2 - \chardef\CatIgnore=9 - \chardef\CatLetter=11 - \chardef\CatOther=12 - \chardef\CatActive=13 % \active of plain.tex - \chardef\CatInvalid=15 - - \chardef\CatAtCode=\catcode`\@ - \chardef\CatUsCode=\catcode`\_ -\fi - -\catcode`\@=\CatLetter % top level macro file -\catcode`\_=\CatLetter -%%% \endprog - - -%%% \sect Let's identify this macro file against the user and in the Log file. - -%%% \beginprog -\begingroup - \catcode`\$=\CatIgnore - \catcode`\:=\CatIgnore - \message{Support for German documents, $Revision: 1.4 $} -\endgroup -%%% \endprog - - - -%%% \chap National Characters. - -%%% By default no extended characters are available, except those defined -%%% below. I.e., we start to treat all characters from |"7F| to |"FF| as -%%% invalid characters. - -%%% \beginprog -\count@="7F -\loop - \catcode \the\count@ = \CatInvalid - \advance\count@ by 1 - \ifnum \count@ < "100 -\repeat -%%% \endprog - - -%%% \sect We provide a command for the definition of non-ASCII characters: -%%% |\ExtendChar|. A sample definition of an ``Umlaut-a''~(\"a) in the -%%% extended code of an IBM~PC (hex code~|"84|) is: -%%% $$ -%%% |\ExtendChar\^^84: {^^84}{\"a}| -%%% $$ -%%% First the hex code is given as a control sequence, followed by a -%%% colon. Afterwards come two parameters, the first is again the hex -%%% code, the second is the token list which should be used instead of the -%%% hex code. - -%%% The macro definition is rather easy, we just have to make the -%%% respective character active and bind it to it's new meaning. - -%%% \beginprog -\def\ExtendChar #1:{% - \catcode`#1 \CatActive - \extend_char - } -\def\extend_char #1#2{% - \def #1{#2}% - } -%%% \endprog - - -%%% \sect Now we can define some replacements. - -%%% The braces after the control sequences are needed when characters from -%%% the extended character set are written to an auxiliary file and read -%%% in later. During the |\write| they are expanded and following white -%%% space would be gobbled if the braces would not be there. - -%%% \beginprog -% ISO-Latin-1 -\ExtendChar\^^c4: {^^c4}{\"A} -\ExtendChar\^^d6: {^^d6}{\"O} -\ExtendChar\^^dc: {^^dc}{\"U} -\ExtendChar\^^df: {^^df}{\ss{}} -\ExtendChar\^^e4: {^^e4}{\"a} -\ExtendChar\^^f6: {^^f6}{\"o} -\ExtendChar\^^fc: {^^fc}{\"u} - -% IBM PC (code page 850) -\ExtendChar\^^81: {^^81}{\"u} -\ExtendChar\^^84: {^^84}{\"a} -\ExtendChar\^^8e: {^^8e}{\"A} -\ExtendChar\^^94: {^^94}{\"o} -\ExtendChar\^^99: {^^99}{\"O} -\ExtendChar\^^9a: {^^9a}{\"U} -\ExtendChar\^^e1: {^^e1}{\ss{}} % actually \beta, used as \ss in Germany - -% Atari ST (like IBM PC, but with a real `sharp~s') -\ExtendChar\^^9e: {^^9e}{\ss{}} -%%% \endprog - - - -%%% \chap Paragraph Breaking. - -%%% As outlined in the introduction, we allow longer interword spaces. A -%%% line now may have a badness up to 2500, over 1500 a warning is to be -%%% given. Furthermore the penalties for hyphenation are lowered because a -%%% narrow typesetting is preferred against few hyphenations. - -%%% These values are still experimental and should be tuned. - -%%% As |german.sty| uses \babel{} compatible structure, the german -%%% language hook is a good place to store such definitions. But to -%%% use \babel{}'s convenient macros, too, we have to assure that it's -%%% kernel code is loaded first. - -%%% \beginprog -\ifx \babel@core@loaded\undefined - \input babel.def -\fi -\addto\extrasgerman{% - \babel@savevariable\tolerance - \babel@savevariable\hbadness - \babel@savevariable\doublehyphendemerits - \babel@savevariable\finalhyphendemerits - \babel@savevariable\adjdemerits - \tolerance 2500 \hbadness 1500 - \doublehyphendemerits 50000 - \finalhyphendemerits 25000 - \adjdemerits 50000 - } -%%% \endprog - - -%%% \sect In some languages ligatures should not appear between compound -%%% words. We use {\tt \string\|\/} to mark those places. This is only -%%% done within text mode, in math mode {\tt \string\|\/} is still -%%% `$\|$'. But it is sure that one can always hyphenate between compound -%%% words, so we insert |\-|. To allow the hyphenation in other parts of -%%% the word though, we use |\allowhyphens| again. - -%%% \beginprog -\def\|{% % break open a ligature (if not in math mode) - \relax - \ifmmode \Vert - \else \allowhyphens\-\allowhyphens - \fi - } -%%% \endprog - - -%%% \sect Don't use the dreaded `double quote special meaning' stuff of -%%% |german.sty|. And use original umlauts. Already in M\"unster I voted -%%% against it\dots - -%%% \beginprog -\addto\extrasgerman{% - \mdqoff - \umlautlow - } -%%% \endprog - - -%%% \sect Define |\SwitchtoLanguage| for upward compatibility. It does -%%% not really do the same, the old definition was more similar to -%%% |\selectlanguage|. But other languages have to be declared -%%% explicitely, that's not done by this macro file. So we just want to -%%% make old documents processable. - -%%% \beginprog -\def\SwitchtoLanguage#1{\language \csname l@#1\endcsname} -%%% \endprog - - -%%% \sect We are finished; switch to german language (to enable the new -%%% extras defined above), restore the catcodes and prevent from following -%%% garbage. - -%%% \beginprog -\selectlanguage{german} - -\catcode`\@=\CatAtCode -\catcode`\_=\CatUsCode - -\endinput -%%% \endprog - - -%%% %% \sect {\it Acknowledgements:}\quad I would like to thank XXX - - -%%% \bye - -%%% -%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -%%% % -%%% % $Log: deutsch.doc,v $ -%%% % Revision 1.4 1995/07/30 13:23:56 schrod -%%% % Discard babel definition of \DeclareTextCommand before including -%%% % german.sty, they are incompatible. -%%% % -%%% % Revision 1.3 1995/07/29 17:58:24 schrod -%%% % Use german.sty, not germanb.sty. (babel 3.5 is not functional for -%%% % plain TeX any more.) But we still want to use babel's macros, we have -%%% % to load it's kernel for that. -%%% % -%%% % Revision 1.2 1995/03/13 23:18:10 schrod -%%% % Started to manage this package with CVS. Made minor code cleanup. -%%% % -%%% % Revision 1.1 1994/10/16 16:57:30 schrod -%%% % Merged macros from local.tex, codes.tex, and language.tex. This -%%% % new file is mainly there to provide upward compatibility for our old -%%% % documents. -%%% % -%%% % -%%% % -%%% % pre-CVS Version History: -%%% % -%%% % DATE WHO REMARKS -%%% % 91-01-18 js set all extended characters to code invalid -%%% % 90-12-23 js added the definition of \ExtendChar for usage in codes.tex. -%%% % 90-10-06 js renamed from dlocal to local, it's now international, -%%% % adapted to TeX 3: -%%% % included codes.tex and langdef.tex if they exist, -%%% % assumed that language.tex is already loaded, -%%% % defined German parameters as a language hook, -%%% % removed first \allowhyphens in \uml@ut, -%%% % documented it with MAKEPROG. -%%% % 89-10-27 js was reworked for ILaTeX -%%% % 89-05-31 js defined \| as a separator for ligatures in text mode -%%% % 87-10-01 js introduced \protect, -%%% % set parameters for German page makeup -%%% % 87-??-?? kg first release -%%% % -%%% % kg: Klaus Guntermann <gunterma@<schrod@iti.informatik.th-darmstadt.de> -%%% % js: Joachim Schrod <schrod@iti.informatik.th-darmstadt.de> - - -%%% -%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -%%% Local Variables: -%%% mode: plain-TeX -%%% TeX-master: t -%%% TeX-brace-indent-level: 4 -%%% End: |