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-\documentstyle[tree-dvips,lingmacros]{article}
-
-\title{Tree Macros}
-\author{Emma Pease}
-
-
-\begin{document}
-
-\maketitle
-
-The tree macros package allows one to integrate \TeX\ and Postscript.
-For example, one can use \TeX\ to layout a tree and have Postscript
-draw the lines.
-\begin{center}
- \begin{tabular}{ccc}
-&\node{ab}{top node}\\[3ex]
-\node{ac}{left node} && \node{c}{right node}\\[3ex]
- && \node{d}{odd node}
-\end{tabular}
-\nodeconnect{ab}{ac}
-\nodeconnect{ab}{c}
-\nodeconnect{c}{d}
-\nodecurve[r]{ab}[r]{d}{1in}
-\anodeconnect[b]{ac}[l]{d}
-\anodecurve[l]{ab}[l]{ac}{1in}
-\end{center}
-
-These macros work by defining locations on a page and then
-manipulating them in a variety of ways. The commands that created the
-above tree are as follows:
- \begin{verbatim}
-\begin{tabular}{ccc}
- &\node{a}{top node}\\[3ex]
-\node{b}{left node} & & \node{c}{right node}\\[3ex]
- & & \node{d}{odd node}
-\end{tabular}
-\nodeconnect{a}{b}
-\nodeconnect{a}{c}
-\nodeconnect{c}{d}
-\nodecurve[r]{a}[r]{d}{1in}
-\anodeconnect[b]{b}[l]{d}
-\anodecurve[l]{a}[l]{b}{1in}
-\end{verbatim}
- You will notice that four nodes are defined, a, b, c, and d, using the
-\verb+\node+ command. These nodes are then connected using the
-\verb+\nodeconnect+ and \verb+\nodecurve+ commands.
-
-\section{Locating Commands}
-
-Location commands are those that deal with defining a location on a
-page. The basic command
- \begin{center}
-\begin{verbatim}
-\node{nodename}{object}
-\end{verbatim}
-\end{center}
- Each node has its name, height, width, and the location of the lower
-left hand corner point passed down to postscript where it will remain
-until needed. Note that the object will be printed by \TeX\ but the
-lines drawn by Postscript. A variant
-of this command is
- \begin{center}
-\begin{verbatim}
-\nodepoint{nodename}[horizontal displace][vertical displace]
-\end{verbatim}
-\end{center}
- The node's height and width are 0pts, but the location can be
-displaced.
-
-\section{Connecting Commands}
-
-These commands connect two or more nodes. The two basic ones are
-\begin{center}
-\begin{verbatim}
-\nodeconnect[fromloc]{fromnodename}[toloc]{tonodename}
-\nodecurve[fromloc]{fromnodename}[toloc]{tonodename}{depth}
-\end{verbatim}
-\end{center}
- fromnodename and tonodename must be the names of two existing nodes.
-Imagine the node as a box, fromloc and toloc are the locations on that
-box to draw the connecting lines.
-\begin{center}\nodemargin=9pt
-\begin{tabular}{lcr}
-tl & {t} &{tr}\\[2ex]
-{l} & \node{a}{object} &{r}\\[2ex]
-{bl}& {b} &{br}
-\end{tabular}
-\nodebox{a}
-\end{center}
- The present choices are t [top], b [bottom], l [left], r [right], tl
-[topleft], tr [topright], bl [bottomleft], and br [bottomright].
-These could be expanded.
-
-Other connecting commands are
-\begin{verbatim}
-\barnodeconnect[depth]{fromnodename}{tonodename}
-\anodeconnect[fromloc]{fromnodename}[toloc]{tonodename}
-\anodecurve[fromloc]{fromnodename}[toloc]{tonodename}{depth}
-\end{verbatim}
-For example,
-\begin{center}
-\node{c}{\strut This} \node{a}{\strut is} a \node{b}{\strut test} of
-barnodeconnect.
-\barnodeconnect{a}{b}
-\barnodeconnect[-5pt]{a}{c}
-\bigskip\bigskip
-
-\node{c}{\strut This} \node{a}{\strut is} a \node{b}{\strut test}
-\node{d}{\strut of} abarnodeconnect. \node{e}{\strut Note} arrows.
-\abarnodeconnect[10pt]{a}{b}
-\abarnodeconnect[-10pt]{a}{c}
-\abarnodeconnect[-10pt]{b}{d}
-\abarnodeconnect[10pt]{e}{d}
-\end{center}\bigskip
-\begin{verbatim}
-\node{c}{\strut This} \node{a}{\strut is} a \node{b}{\strut test}
-of barnodeconnect.
-\barnodeconnect{a}{b}
-\barnodeconnect[-5pt]{a}{c}
-\bigskip\bigskip
-
-\node{c}{\strut This} \node{a}{\strut is} a \node{b}{\strut test}
-\node{d}{\strut of} abarnodeconnect. \node{e}{\strut Note} arrows.
-\abarnodeconnect[10pt]{a}{b}
-\abarnodeconnect[-10pt]{a}{c}
-\abarnodeconnect[-10pt]{b}{d}
-\abarnodeconnect[10pt]{e}{d}
-\end{verbatim}
- A negative depth places the bar below the line; a positive depth (or
-the default, which is 5pt) places the bar above the line.
-
-
-A few odd commands
-\begin{verbatim}
-\nodetriangle{fromnodename}{tonodename}
-\end{verbatim}
-This creates a triangle whose apex is the bottom of
-\verb+fromnodename+ and whose base is the top of \verb+tonodename+.
-
-\verb+\anodeconnect+ and \verb+\anodecurve+ are the same as
-\verb+\nodeconnect+ and \verb+\node-+ \verb+curve+ except that the connecting
-line has a arrowhead on it pointing to the second node.
-
-
-\section{Single Node commands}
-
-These commands adjust something around a single node rather than
-connecting nodes. The basic commands are
- \begin{center}
-\begin{verbatim}
-\nodebox{nodename}
-\nodecircle[depth]{nodename}
-\nodeoval{nodename}
-\end{verbatim}
-\end{center}
-They draw, respectively, a box, circle, or oval around the given node.
-\begin{center}
-\node{a}{node}\hfill \node{b}{node} \hfill \node{c}{node}
-\nodebox{a} \nodecircle{b} \nodeoval{c}
-\end{center}
- You will probably wish to call these commands after you have called
-all the connecting commands you will be using in a particular diagram.
-
-\section{Parameters}
-
-At the moment there are three parameters that can be changed. They
-are
-\begin{itemize}
-\item \verb+\nodemargin+ - A node's height and width are defined as
-the height plus depth and width of an hbox enclosing the object plus the
-nodemargin on each side. The default is 2pt.
-
-\item \verb+\treelinewidth+ - The width of the lines. The default is .3pt.
-
-\item \verb+\dashlength+ - The length of the dash, if you are using
-dashed lines. The default is 0pt (solid line).\footnote{The length
-of the dash and the length between the dashes are the same. An
-exercise for someone who knows postscript and tex is to allow the dash
-and the blank to vary in size.}
-
-\item \verb+\arrowwidth+ - the width of the arrowhead in the
- \verb+\anodeconnect+ and \verb+\anodecurve+ commands. Default is
- 4 pt.
-
-\item \verb+\arrowlength+ - the length of the arrowhead. Default is
- 4pt.
-
-\end{itemize}
-
-
-\section{How to Run}
-
-Add the style file, tree-dvips.sty,
-\begin{verbatim}
-\documentstyle[tree-dvips]{article}
-\end{verbatim}
-Run through \LaTeX\ and send to a postscript printer using dvips
-(written by Tomas Rokicki).
-
-
-\section{Examples}
-
-A series of examples follow.
-\begin{center}
-\let\mc=\multicolumn
-\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}lllllllll@{}}
- & & & &\node{a}{VP} \\[2ex]
- &\node{b}{PP}
- & & & & &\mc{2}{c}{\node{c}{V$'$}}\\[2ex]
- & & &\node{d}{NP} \\[2ex]
- & &\nodepoint{e}
- & &\node{f}{NP} \\
- & & &\hfill\nodepoint{r}[0pt][3pt] \\
- &\hfil\node{g}{AP}
- & &\hfil\node{h}{NP}
- & & & &\hfil\node{i}{NP}\\[2ex]
-\node{j}{P}
- &\hfil\node{k}{A}
- & \node{l}{Prt}
- &\hfil\node{m}{N}
- &\node{n}{Prt}
- &\node{o}{N}
- &\node{p}{V}
- &\hfil\node{q}{N}\\[2ex]
-`zaw &`oN &`geq&?njiaw&`geq&`dou& khe &tshjaN \\
-toward &red & & bird & &head& open&gun \\[1ex]
-\mc{9}{@{}l}{`shoot at the red head of the bird'} \\
-\end{tabular}
-\nodeconnect{a}{b}
-\nodeconnect{a}{c}
-\nodeconnect{b}{d}
-\nodeconnect{b}{j}
-\nodeconnect{c}{p}
-\nodeconnect{c}{i}
-\nodeconnect{d}{e}
-\nodeconnect{e}{g}
-\nodeconnect{e}{l}
-\nodeconnect{d}{f}
-\nodeconnect{g}{k}
-\nodeconnect{f}{r}
-\nodeconnect{r}{h}
-\nodeconnect{r}{n}
-\nodeconnect{f}{o}
-\nodeconnect{h}{m}
-\nodeconnect{i}{q}
-
-\end{center}
-\begin{verbatim}
-\let\mc=\multicolumn
-\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}lllllllll@{}}
- & & & &\node{a}{VP} \\[2ex]
- &\node{b}{PP}
- & & & & &\mc{2}{c}{\node{c}{V$'$}}\\[2ex]
- & & &\node{d}{NP} \\[2ex]
- & &\nodepoint{e}
- & &\node{f}{NP} \\
- & & &\hfill\nodepoint{r}[0pt][3pt] \\
- &\hfil\node{g}{AP}
- & &\hfil\node{h}{NP}
- & & & &\hfil\node{i}{NP}\\[2ex]
-\node{j}{P}
- &\hfil\node{k}{A}
- & \node{l}{Prt}
- &\hfil\node{m}{N}
- &\node{n}{Prt}
- &\node{o}{N}
- &\node{p}{V}
- &\hfil\node{q}{N}\\[2ex]
-`zaw&`oN &`geq&?njiaw&`geq&`dou& khe &tshjaN \\
-toward &red & & bird & &head& open&gun \\[1ex]
-\mc{9}{@{}l}{`shoot at the red head of the bird'} \\
-\end{tabular}
-\nodeconnect{a}{b} \nodeconnect{e}{l}
-\nodeconnect{a}{c} \nodeconnect{d}{f}
-\nodeconnect{b}{d} \nodeconnect{g}{k}
-\nodeconnect{b}{j} \nodeconnect{f}{r}
-\nodeconnect{c}{p} \nodeconnect{r}{h}
-\nodeconnect{c}{i} \nodeconnect{r}{n}
-\nodeconnect{d}{e} \nodeconnect{f}{o}
-\nodeconnect{e}{g} \nodeconnect{h}{m}
-\nodeconnect{i}{q}
-\end{verbatim}
- The following two examples use \verb+\outerfs+ and
-\verb+\modsmalltree+; these are both part of the lingmacros package.
-See \verb+lingmacros.sty+ for more information.
- \enumsentence[(100)]{\evnup[2pt]
-{\outerfs{ Focus & \outerfs{subj & \outerfs{\ \nodepoint{a}\ }\\[1ex]
- obl$_{th}$ & \outerfs{Pred & `Pro'\\
- Refl & +}\\[1ex]
- Pred & `proud$\langle(\uparrow {\rm subj})
- (\uparrow {\rm obl}_{th})\rangle$'}\nodepoint{d}[-3pt][0pt]\\[2ex]
- Subj & \outerfs{Pred & `Max'}\\[1ex]
- Comp & \outerfs{Subj &\outerfs{Pred & `Larry'}\nodepoint{c}[-3pt][0pt]\\[1ex]
- Xcomp&\outerfs{\ \nodepoint{b}\ }\\[1ex]
- Pred & `be$\langle(\uparrow {\rm xcomp})
- (\uparrow {\rm subj})\rangle$'}\\[1ex]
- Pred & `think$\langle(\uparrow {\rm subj})
- (\uparrow {\rm comp})\rangle$'}\\
-}
-\nodecurve[r]{a}[r]{c}{2in}[.5in]
-\anodecurve[r]{d}[r]{b}{1in}[2in]
-}
-\begin{verbatim}
-\enumsentence[(100)]{\evnup[2pt]
-{\outerfs{
-Focus & \outerfs{subj & \outerfs{\ \nodepoint{a}\ }\\[1ex]
- obl$_{th}$ & \outerfs{Pred & `Pro'\\
- Refl & +}\\[1ex]
- Pred & `proud$\langle(\uparrow {\rm subj})
- (\uparrow {\rm obl}_{th})\rangle$'}%
-\nodepoint{d}[-3pt][0pt]\\[2ex]
-Subj & \outerfs{Pred & `Max'}\\[1ex]
-Comp & \outerfs{Subj &\outerfs{Pred & `Larry'}%
-\nodepoint{c}[-3pt][0pt]\\[1ex]
- Xcomp&\outerfs{\ \nodepoint{b}\ }\\[1ex]
- Pred & `be$\langle(\uparrow {\rm xcomp})
- (\uparrow {\rm subj})\rangle$'}\\[1ex]
-Pred & `think$\langle(\uparrow {\rm subj})
- (\uparrow {\rm comp})\rangle$'}\\
-}
-\nodecurve[r]{a}[r]{c}{2in}[.5in]
-\anodecurve[r]{d}[r]{b}{1in}[2in]
-}
-\end{verbatim}
-\enumsentence{\modsmalltree{6}{
- & & &\ns\node{a}{\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}c@{}}S\\
- {}[+R]\end{tabular}} \\
- &\node{b}{NP} & & & & \node{c}{VP} \\
-\node{d}{Det}& &\node{e}{N$^1$} \\
-\node{h}{the}&\node{i}{N} & & \node{f}{PP} &&\node{g}{are
- totally false}\\
- &\node{n}{rumors}&\node{j}{P} &&\ns\node{k}{\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}c@{}}NP\\
- {}[+R] \end{tabular}}\\
- & &\node{l}{about} &&\node{m}{whom}}
-\nodeconnect{a}{b}
-\nodeconnect{a}{c}
-\nodeconnect{b}{d}
-\nodeconnect{b}{e}
-\nodeconnect{d}{h}
-\nodeconnect{e}{i}
-\nodeconnect{e}{f}
-\nodeconnect{i}{n}
-\nodeconnect{f}{j}
-\nodeconnect{f}{k}
-\nodeconnect{j}{l}
-\nodeconnect{k}{m}
-\nodetriangle{c}{g}
-{\makedash{4pt}
-\anodecurve[t]{b}[l]{a}{10pt}
-\anodecurve[t]{e}[r]{b}{10pt}
-\anodecurve[t]{f}[r]{e}{10pt}
-\anodecurve[t]{k}[r]{f}{10pt}
-}}
-\begin{verbatim}
-\enumsentence{\modsmalltree{6}{
- & & &\ns\node{a}{\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}c@{}}S\\
- {}[+R]\end{tabular}} \\
- &\node{b}{NP}
- & & && \node{c}{VP} \\
-\node{d}{Det}
- & &\node{e}{N$^1$} \\
-\node{h}{the}
- &\node{i}{N}
- & &\node{f}{PP}
- &&\node{g}{are totally false}\\
- &\node{n}{rumors}
- &\node{j}{P}
- & &\ns\node{k}{\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}c@{}}NP\\
- {}[+R] \end{tabular}}\\
- & &\node{l}{about}
- & &\node{m}{whom}}
-\nodeconnect{a}{b} \nodeconnect{e}{f}
-\nodeconnect{a}{c} \nodeconnect{i}{n}
-\nodeconnect{b}{d} \nodeconnect{f}{j}
-\nodeconnect{b}{e} \nodeconnect{f}{k}
-\nodeconnect{d}{h} \nodeconnect{j}{l}
-\nodeconnect{e}{i} \nodeconnect{k}{m}
-\nodetriangle{c}{g}
-{\makedash{4pt}
-\anodecurve[t]{b}[l]{a}{10pt} \anodecurve[t]{f}[r]{e}{10pt}
-\anodecurve[t]{e}[r]{b}{10pt} \anodecurve[t]{k}[r]{f}{10pt}
-}}
-\end{verbatim}
-
-
-\section{Errors}
-
-A multitude of caveats.
-\begin{itemize}
- \item Any commands calling nodes must be read while \TeX\ is still
-processing the page the nodes are defined on. In other words don't
-define the nodes on page 1 and connect them with commands that appear
-at the end of the paper.
-
-\item Nodes mentioned in node connecting commands must exist or else
- the job won't print.
-
-\item Make sure the dvips postscript output is sent to a postscript
-printer. It is possible to send the dvi, but not the postscript,
-output to another printer; the lines just won't appear, assuming the
-printer ignores specials it doesn't know about.
-
-
-\end{itemize}
-
-
-\end{document}
-
-