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diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/lgrx/README b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/lgrx/README new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cb4a68cee1e --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/lgrx/README @@ -0,0 +1,220 @@ +.. -*- rst-mode -*- + +.. sectnum:: + :depth: 1 + +Greek text with the `LGR` font encoding +*************************************** + +:Copyright: © 2010 Günter Milde +:Licence: This work may be distributed and/or modified under the + conditions of the `LaTeX Project Public License`_, either + version 1.3 of this license or any later version. +:abstract: The LGRx bundle provides packages and definitions for typesetting + Greek text with fonts in the LGR encoding, the de-facto standard + set by babel. It includes a comprehensive font definition file, + support for Unicode input and macros for Greek letters in + non-Greek text. + +.. contents:: + +State of the Art +================ + +Up to now, there is no agreement on a Greek standard font encoding +(reserved name `T7`) because the restrictions for general text encodings +are too severe for typesetting polytonic Greek. + +The `LGR` font encoding is the de-facto standard for typesetting Greek with +(8-bit) LaTeX. Fonts in this encoding include the `CB fonts`_ (matching CM), +grtimes_ (Greek Times), Kerkis_ (matching URW Bookman), and the `GFS font +collection`_. Setup of these fonts as Greek variant to matching Latin fonts +is facilitated by the substitutefont_ package. + +The `LGR` font encoding generates Greek characters via an ASCII +transliteration. This enables simple input with a Latin keyboard. +Characters with diacritics are selected by ligature definitions in the +font (see greek-usage.pdf__, teubner-doc.pdf__, or +`The CB Greek fonts`__). + +__ http://www.tug.org/texlive/Contents/live/texmf-dist/doc/generic/babel/greek-usage.pdf +__ http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/teubner/teubner-doc.pdf +__ http://www.eutypon.gr/eutypon/pdf/e2008-21/e21-a01.pdf + +.. compound:: + + The name `LGR` does not reflect status of this font encoding due to + historical reasons. The encguide_ classifies encodings starting with `L` + as "local". Indeed, `LGR` started as a local encoding for the `CB Greek + fonts` by Claudio Beccari. Later, Apostolos Syropoulos advanced it to the + default font encoding for the `Babel`_ package's ``greek`` option. The + correct name would be ``OT7``: + + * It is an 'old' encoding. + * It implements a Latin transscription for a non-Latin script like the + ``OT2`` encoding. + * It is not confined to 128 bit but ``OT4`` shows that this is no + absolute requirement for an `OT` encoding. + + However, due to the fact that this font encoding has been used under its + current name for a long time, the name will not change for compatibility + reasons. + + +Problems +======== + +1. Ligatures with prefix notation prevent kerning (see the examples + linked below or the `LGR` documentation linked above). + +2. Sub-optimal results with the standard accent macros: + + * no combined accents, + * accents above (instead of before) capital letters, + * pre-composed characters are not used. + +3. The tilde character ``~`` is used for a non-breaking space by + default. Therefore the transliteration for the *perispomeni* accent is + not available without re-definition of this character. [#tildehack]_ + +4. The ``polutonikogreek`` `Babel` option redefines both, ``~`` and ``\~`` + to produce accents via input ligatures (restricted to the language + setting instead of the font encoding). This prevents the placing of a + tilde-accent on non-supported characters like in *niño* if the language + is set to polytonic Greek, even if ``\textlatin`` is used. [#poluhack]_ + +5. There is no Unicode support with `inputenc`_'s ``utf8`` option. + + The `ucs` package contributed by Dominique Unruh provides Unicode + support with the ``utf8x`` option. A `babel patch`_ by Werner Lemberg + for Greek Unicode support never got applied.) + +6. The LGR transliteration does not work for PDF bookmarks. + + +.. _babel patch: http://www.eutypon.gr/eutypon/pdf/e2008-20/e20-a03.pdf + + +.. [#tildehack] Problem 3 can be solved by the simple one-liner :: + + \DeclareTextSymbol{\~}{LGR}{126} + + which results in ``\~`` inserting a plain tilde character if the + font encoding is `LGR`. + + Drawback: you cannot place a ~-accent on Greek characters except the + ones supported by an input ligature. + +.. [#poluhack] Fortunately, LaTeX saves copies of the accent macros: ``\~`` + is an alias of ``\a~`` (which is an alias of ``\@tabacckludge~``), so it + can be restored after loading `Babel` with:: + + \addto\extraspolutonikogreek{\renewcommand*{\~}{\a~}} + \addto\extrasgreek{\renewcommand*{\~}{\a~}} + + With this addition, both the comprehensive font encoding definitions and + the workaround [#tildehack]_ also work with the ``polutonikogreek`` + `Babel` option. + + +lgrxenc.def: Comprehensive font encoding definitions +==================================================== + +``lgrxenc.def`` is an alternative to the rudimentary `LGR` font +definition file ``lgrenc.def`` which comes with Babel_'s Greek +support. It defines accent macros for the `LGR` font encoding that +select pre-composed glyphs if possible and places the diacritics +according to Greek typesetting rules else. Combined accents can be +specified as backslash + transliteration (``\~>a``) or iteratively +(``\~\>{a}``). + +:Source: `<lgrxenc.def>`_, `<lgrxenc.def.html>`__ +:Doc: `<lgrxenc.tex>`__, `<lgrxenc.pdf>`__ +:Tests: `<lgrxenc-test.tex>`__, `<lgrxenc-test.pdf>`__ + +Usage +----- + +To prevent confusion with Babel_'s ``lgrenc.def``, this file is named +``lgrxenc.def``. Load it by calling fontenc_ with the ``LGRx`` option. + +Example: + Select font encodings `T1` (as default) and `LGR` (with the comprehensive + font encoding definitions) + + ``\usepackage[LGRx,T1]{fontenc}`` + +.. Attention:: The name of the font encoding defined by the option ``LGRx`` + is **not** `LGRx` but `LGR`. Therefore, ``LGRx`` may not be the + last option (as fontenc uses the last option to select the default font + encoding). To set `LGR` as as default font encoding specify both, + `LGRx` and `LGR`, e.g. + + ``\usepackage[LGRx,T1,LGR]{fontenc}`` + + +lgrenc.dfu: Greek Unicode support +================================= + +Standards-compatible UTF-8 support for Greek based on the comprehensive +font encoding definitions. + +Cooperates with hyperref_ to enable Greek characters in section headers and +PDF bookmarks without the need for ``\texorpdfstring``. + +:Source: `<lgrenc.dfu>`__, `<lgrenc.dfu.html>`__ +:Example: `<greek-unicode.tex>`__, `<greek-unicode.pdf>`__ + +Usage +----- + +Requires comprehensive font encoding definitions from ``lgrxenc.def``: + + ``\usepackage[LGRx,T1]{fontenc}`` % define LGR and T1 encodings + ``\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}`` % standard UTF-8 input encoding + +Unless combined with the textalpha_ package, text containing Greek Unicode +characters must be marked as requiring the LGR font encoding (either +directly or by setting the language to ``greek`` or ``polutonikogreek``). +This is a feature of inputenc_'s standard utf8 support, similar to the +behaviour for, e.g., Cyrillic characters. + + +.. _textalpha: + +textalpha.sty: Macros for Greek in text +======================================= + +Macros for Greek letters in text that work in any font encoding (see the +example below for limitations) and alias macros for compatibility with +existing packages. + +Cooperates with hyperref_ and bookmark_ to enable Greek characters in +section headers and PDF bookmarks without the need for ``\texorpdfstring``. + +.. note:: + + The package was renamed from `textgreek` to `textalpha` to prevent + confusion with the textgreek_ package by Leonard Michlmayr. + +:Source: `<textalpha.sty>`__, `<textalpha.sty.html>`__ +:Example: `<textalpha-test.tex>`__, `<textalpha-test.pdf>`__ +:Bookmarks: `<greekhyperref.tex>`__, `<greekhyperref.pdf>`__ + + +.. References + ========== + +.. _LaTeX Project Public License: http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt +.. _CB Fonts: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/cbgreek-complete +.. _grtimes: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/grtimes +.. _GFS font collection: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/gfs +.. _Kerkis: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/kerkis +.. _substitutefont: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/substitutefont +.. _encguide: http://tug.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/doc/encguide.pdf +.. _Babel: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/babel +.. _fontenc: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/fontenc +.. _inputenc: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/inputenc +.. _textgreek: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/textgreek +.. _hyperref: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/hyperref +.. _bookmark: http://www.ctan.org/pkg/bookmark |