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+} + +/* start field-body on same line after long field names */ +dl.field-list.run-in > dd p { + display: block; +} + +/* wrap or truncate long field names */ +dl.field-list.fix-labelwidth > dt { + width: 8em; /* set to dl.field-list > dd margin-left - padding-left */ + overflow: hidden; +} +dl.field-list.fix-labelwidth > dd:after { + /* a "stopper" to prevent next dd floating up too far */ + content: ''; + display: block; + clear: left; +} + +/* docinfo */ + +dl.docinfo > dd { + margin-left: 8em; +/* margin-bottom: 0.5em; */ +} + + +/* option list */ + +dl.option-list { + margin-left: 1em; + padding-left: 0; +} + +dl.option-list > dd { + margin-left: 8em; + /* margin-bottom: 0.5em; */ +} + +/* start description on a new line after long options */ +dl.option-list > dd p { + width: 100%; + display: inline-block; +} + +/* footnotes */ + +a.footnote-reference, a.fn-backref { + text-decoration: inherit; /* do not underline footnote links */ +} + +dl.footnote { + /* line on the left */ + padding-left: 1ex; + border-left: solid; + border-left-width: thin; + /* border-color: black; */ +} + +/* paragraph on same line as backrefs */ +dd > em { +/* background: green; */ + float: left; + margin-right: 1ex +} + + +/* +Ordered List (Enumeration) +-------------------------- + +Use counters to replace the deprecated start attribute. Make sure the +resulting list resembles the list-style 'outside' with a hanging indent. +*/ + +/* New ordered list: reset counter, suppress the default label */ +ol { + counter-reset: item; + list-style-type: none ! important; +} + +/* Set the negative indent of the list label as feature of the list item */ +ol > li { + text-indent: -40px; /* Mozillas default indent */ +} +/* reset for child elements */ +ol > li > * { + text-indent: 0px; + text-indent: 0; + margin-top: 0; + /* background: lightgreen; */ +} + +/* Label */ +ol > li:before { + /* increment and typeset counter(s), */ + counter-increment: item; + content: counter(item) "."; + /* display next to the content (aligned top-right), */ + display: inline-block; + text-align: right; + vertical-align: top; + /* sum must match ol>li {text-indent:} (40px is Mozillas default) */ + width: 35px; + padding-right: 5px; +/* background: yellow; */ +} + +/* The list item's first line starts next to the label, without indent */ +ol > li > p:first-child, +ol > li > ol:first-child, +ol > li > ul:first-child, +ol > li > dl:first-child { + display: inline-block; + /* background: lightblue; */ +} + +/* default separator variants */ +ol.loweralpha > li:before { + content: counter(item, lower-alpha) ")"; +} +ol.upperalpha > li:before { + content: counter(item, upper-alpha) "."; +} +ol.lowerroman > li:before { + content: "(" counter(item, lower-roman) ")"; +} +ol.upperroman > li:before { + content: counter(item, upper-roman) ")"; +} +/* nested counters (1, 1.1, 1.1.1, etc) */ +/* nested enumerated lists "inherit" the class attribute, other lists not */ +ol.nested > li:before, ol.nested ol > li:before { + content: counters(item, ".") " "; +} + +/* lists nested in definition list */ + +dd > ul, dd > ol { + padding-left: 0pt; + +/* TODO: prefix, suffix? */ + +/* smaller font for super- and subscripts */ +/* sub, sup {font-size: 70%;} */ /* Mozilla default is `smaller` */ + + +/* Tables */ +/* ====== */ + +/* margins and borders for "normal" tables */ +table { + margin-top: 0.5em ; + margin-bottom: 0.5em; +/* border-style: outset; */ + border-style: solid; + border-color: silver; + border-width: thin; + border-collapse: collapse; +} +blockquote > table { + margin-top: 0em ; + margin-bottom: 0em; +} + +td, th { + border-style: solid; + border-width: thin; + border-color: silver; + /* text-align: left; */ + padding: 0 1ex; +} + +td > p:first-child, th > p:first-child { + margin-top: 0; +} +td > p, th > p { + margin-bottom: 0; +} + +/* no borders for "borderless" tables */ +table.borderless, table.borderless * { + border-style: none; +} + +/* "booktabs" style (no vertical lines) */ +table.booktabs { + border: 0; + border-top: 2px solid; + border-bottom: 2px solid; +} + +table.booktabs * { + border: 0; +} +table.booktabs th { + border-bottom: thin solid; +} + +table > caption { + text-align: left; +/* padding: 2em 0 1em 0; */ +} + +/* numbered tables*/ +table.numbered > caption:before { + counter-increment: table; /* defined/re-set in body */ + content: "Table " counter(table) ": "; + font-weight: bold; +} + + +/* literal text + ------------ +*/ +/* whitespace and wrapping in inline literals */ +/* possible values: normal, nowrap, pre, pre-wrap, pre-line */ +tt.literal { + white-space: pre-wrap; +} + +/* /* compensate for initial line-break (which is literal with XHTML 1.1) */ */ +/* pre.literal-block, pre.doctest-block { */ +/* margin-top: 0em ; */ +/* } */ + +/* Table of Contents */ + +/* don't indent like a topic */ +div.topic.contents { + margin: 0; +} +/* div.topic.contents ul { */ +/* list-style: none; */ +/* } */ + +div.topic.contents a { + text-decoration: none; /* no underline for links */ +} + +/* section numbers */ + +span.sectnum { + padding-right: 1ex; +} + +/* admonitions */ + +/* no padding for top and bottom */ +div.admonition, div.attention, div.caution, div.danger, div.error, +div.hint, div.important, div.note, div.tip, div.warning { + padding: 0px 1em } + +</style> +</head> +<body> +<div class="document" id="greek-text-with-the-lgr-font-encoding"> +<h1 class="title">Greek text with the <cite>LGR</cite> font encoding</h1> + +<dl class="docinfo simple"> +<dt class="copyright">Copyright</dt> +<dd class="copyright">© 2010 Günter Milde</dd> +<dt>Licence</dt> +<dd><p>This work may be distributed and/or modified under the +conditions of the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt">LaTeX Project Public License</a>, either +version 1.3 of this license or any later version.</p> +</dd> +</dl> +<div class="abstract topic"> +<p class="topic-title first">Abstract</p> +<p>The LGRx bundle provides packages and definitions for typesetting +Greek text with fonts in the LGR encoding, the de-facto standard +set by babel. It includes a comprehensive font definition file, +support for Unicode input and macros for Greek letters in +non-Greek text.</p> +</div> +<!-- -*- rst-mode -*- --> +<div class="contents topic" id="contents"> +<p class="topic-title first">Contents</p> +<ul class="auto-toc simple"> +<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#state-of-the-art" id="id8"><span class="sectnum">1</span> State of the Art</a></p></li> +<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#problems" id="id9"><span class="sectnum">2</span> Problems</a></p></li> +<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#lgrxenc-def-comprehensive-font-encoding-definitions" id="id10"><span class="sectnum">3</span> lgrxenc.def: Comprehensive font encoding definitions</a></p> +<ul> +<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#usage" id="id11">Usage</a></p></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#lgrenc-dfu-greek-unicode-support" id="id12"><span class="sectnum">4</span> lgrenc.dfu: Greek Unicode support</a></p> +<ul> +<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#id7" id="id13">Usage</a></p></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#textalpha-sty-macros-for-greek-in-text" id="id14"><span class="sectnum">5</span> textalpha.sty: Macros for Greek in text</a></p></li> +</ul> +</div> +<div class="section" id="state-of-the-art"> +<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8"><span class="sectnum">1</span> State of the Art</a></h1> +<p>Up to now, there is no agreement on a Greek standard font encoding +(reserved name <cite>T7</cite>) because the restrictions for general text encodings +are too severe for typesetting polytonic Greek.</p> +<p>The <cite>LGR</cite> font encoding is the de-facto standard for typesetting Greek with +(8-bit) LaTeX. Fonts in this encoding include the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/cbgreek-complete">CB fonts</a> (matching CM), +<a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/grtimes">grtimes</a> (Greek Times), <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/kerkis">Kerkis</a> (matching URW Bookman), and the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/gfs">GFS font +collection</a>. Setup of these fonts as Greek variant to matching Latin fonts +is facilitated by the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/substitutefont">substitutefont</a> package.</p> +<p>The <cite>LGR</cite> font encoding generates Greek characters via an ASCII +transliteration. This enables simple input with a Latin keyboard. +Characters with diacritics are selected by ligature definitions in the +font (see <a class="reference external" href="http://www.tug.org/texlive/Contents/live/texmf-dist/doc/generic/babel/greek-usage.pdf">greek-usage.pdf</a>, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/teubner/teubner-doc.pdf">teubner-doc.pdf</a>, or +<a class="reference external" href="http://www.eutypon.gr/eutypon/pdf/e2008-21/e21-a01.pdf">The CB Greek fonts</a>).</p> +<div class="compound"> +<p class="compound-first">The name <cite>LGR</cite> does not reflect status of this font encoding due to +historical reasons. The <a class="reference external" href="http://tug.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/doc/encguide.pdf">encguide</a> classifies encodings starting with <cite>L</cite> +as "local". Indeed, <cite>LGR</cite> started as a local encoding for the <cite>CB Greek +fonts</cite> by Claudio Beccari. Later, Apostolos Syropoulos advanced it to the +default font encoding for the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/babel">Babel</a> package's <tt class="literal">greek</tt> option. The +correct name would be <tt class="literal">OT7</tt>:</p> +<ul class="compound-middle simple"> +<li><p>It is an 'old' encoding.</p></li> +<li><p>It implements a Latin transscription for a non-Latin script like the +<tt class="literal">OT2</tt> encoding.</p></li> +<li><p>It is not confined to 128 bit but <tt class="literal">OT4</tt> shows that this is no +absolute requirement for an <cite>OT</cite> encoding.</p></li> +</ul> +<p class="compound-last">However, due to the fact that this font encoding has been used under its +current name for a long time, the name will not change for compatibility +reasons.</p> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="problems"> +<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9"><span class="sectnum">2</span> Problems</a></h1> +<ol class="arabic"> +<li><p>Ligatures with prefix notation prevent kerning (see the examples +linked below or the <cite>LGR</cite> documentation linked above).</p></li> +<li><p>Sub-optimal results with the standard accent macros:</p> +<ul class="simple"> +<li><p>no combined accents,</p></li> +<li><p>accents above (instead of before) capital letters,</p></li> +<li><p>pre-composed characters are not used.</p></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li><p>The tilde character <tt class="literal">~</tt> is used for a non-breaking space by +default. Therefore the transliteration for the <em>perispomeni</em> accent is +not available without re-definition of this character.<a class="footnote-reference" href="#tildehack" id="id4"><sup>1</sup></a></p></li> +<li><p>The <tt class="literal">polutonikogreek</tt> <cite>Babel</cite> option redefines both, <tt class="literal">~</tt> and <tt class="literal">\~</tt> +to produce accents via input ligatures (restricted to the language +setting instead of the font encoding). This prevents the placing of a +tilde-accent on non-supported characters like in <em>niño</em> if the language +is set to polytonic Greek, even if <tt class="literal">\textlatin</tt> is used.<a class="footnote-reference" href="#poluhack" id="id5"><sup>2</sup></a></p></li> +<li><p>There is no Unicode support with <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/inputenc">inputenc</a>'s <tt class="literal">utf8</tt> option.</p> +<p>The <cite>ucs</cite> package contributed by Dominique Unruh provides Unicode +support with the <tt class="literal">utf8x</tt> option. A <a class="reference external" href="http://www.eutypon.gr/eutypon/pdf/e2008-20/e20-a03.pdf">babel patch</a> by Werner Lemberg +for Greek Unicode support never got applied.)</p> +</li> +<li><p>The LGR transliteration does not work for PDF bookmarks.</p></li> +</ol> +<dl class="footnote"><dt class="label">1</dt> +<dd id="tildehack"> +<em>(<a class="fn-backref" href="#id4">1</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id6">2</a>)</em> <p>Problem 3 can be solved by the simple one-liner</p> +<pre class="literal-block">\DeclareTextSymbol{\~}{LGR}{126} +</pre> +<p>which results in <tt class="literal">\~</tt> inserting a plain tilde character if the +font encoding is <cite>LGR</cite>.</p> +<p class="last">Drawback: you cannot place a ~-accent on Greek characters except the +ones supported by an input ligature.</p> +</dd> +<dt class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id5">2</a></dt> +<dd id="poluhack"> +<p class="first">Fortunately, LaTeX saves copies of the accent macros: <tt class="literal">\~</tt> +is an alias of <tt class="literal">\a~</tt> (which is an alias of <tt class="literal">\@tabacckludge~</tt>), so it +can be restored after loading <cite>Babel</cite> with:</p> +<pre class="literal-block">\addto\extraspolutonikogreek{\renewcommand*{\~}{\a~}} +\addto\extrasgreek{\renewcommand*{\~}{\a~}} +</pre> +<p class="last">With this addition, both the comprehensive font encoding definitions and +the workaround<a class="footnote-reference" href="#tildehack" id="id6"><sup>1</sup></a> also work with the <tt class="literal">polutonikogreek</tt> +<cite>Babel</cite> option.</p> +</dd> +</dl> +</div> +<div class="section" id="lgrxenc-def-comprehensive-font-encoding-definitions"> +<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10"><span class="sectnum">3</span> lgrxenc.def: Comprehensive font encoding definitions</a></h1> +<p><tt class="literal">lgrxenc.def</tt> is an alternative to the rudimentary <cite>LGR</cite> font +definition file <tt class="literal">lgrenc.def</tt> which comes with <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/babel">Babel</a>'s Greek +support. It defines accent macros for the <cite>LGR</cite> font encoding that +select pre-composed glyphs if possible and places the diacritics +according to Greek typesetting rules else. Combined accents can be +specified as backslash + transliteration (<tt class="literal"><span class="pre">\~>a</span></tt>) or iteratively +(<tt class="literal"><span class="pre">\~\>{a}</span></tt>).</p> +<dl class="field-list simple"> +<dt>Source</dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="lgrxenc.def">lgrxenc.def</a>, <a class="reference external" href="lgrxenc.def.html">lgrxenc.def.html</a></p> +</dd> +<dt>Doc</dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="lgrxenc.tex">lgrxenc.tex</a>, <a class="reference external" href="lgrxenc.pdf">lgrxenc.pdf</a></p> +</dd> +<dt>Tests</dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="lgrxenc-test.tex">lgrxenc-test.tex</a>, <a class="reference external" href="lgrxenc-test.pdf">lgrxenc-test.pdf</a></p> +</dd> +</dl> +<div class="section" id="usage"> +<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id11">Usage</a></h2> +<p>To prevent confusion with <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/babel">Babel</a>'s <tt class="literal">lgrenc.def</tt>, this file is named +<tt class="literal">lgrxenc.def</tt>. Load it by calling <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/fontenc">fontenc</a> with the <tt class="literal">LGRx</tt> option.</p> +<dl class="docutils"> +<dt>Example:</dt> +<dd><p>Select font encodings <cite>T1</cite> (as default) and <cite>LGR</cite> (with the comprehensive +font encoding definitions)</p> +<blockquote> +<p><tt class="literal"><span class="pre">\usepackage[LGRx,T1]{fontenc}</span></tt></p> +</blockquote> +</dd> +</dl> +<div class="attention"> +<p class="admonition-title">Attention!</p> +<p>The name of the font encoding defined by the option <tt class="literal">LGRx</tt> +is <strong>not</strong> <cite>LGRx</cite> but <cite>LGR</cite>. Therefore, <tt class="literal">LGRx</tt> may not be the +last option (as fontenc uses the last option to select the default font +encoding). To set <cite>LGR</cite> as as default font encoding specify both, +<cite>LGRx</cite> and <cite>LGR</cite>, e.g.</p> +<blockquote> +<p><tt class="literal"><span class="pre">\usepackage[LGRx,T1,LGR]{fontenc}</span></tt></p> +</blockquote> +</div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="lgrenc-dfu-greek-unicode-support"> +<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id12"><span class="sectnum">4</span> lgrenc.dfu: Greek Unicode support</a></h1> +<p>Standards-compatible UTF-8 support for Greek based on the comprehensive +font encoding definitions.</p> +<p>Cooperates with <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/hyperref">hyperref</a> to enable Greek characters in section headers and +PDF bookmarks without the need for <tt class="literal">\texorpdfstring</tt>.</p> +<dl class="field-list simple"> +<dt>Source</dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="lgrenc.dfu">lgrenc.dfu</a>, <a class="reference external" href="lgrenc.dfu.html">lgrenc.dfu.html</a></p> +</dd> +<dt>Example</dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="greek-unicode.tex">greek-unicode.tex</a>, <a class="reference external" href="greek-unicode.pdf">greek-unicode.pdf</a></p> +</dd> +</dl> +<div class="section" id="id7"> +<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id13">Usage</a></h2> +<p>Requires comprehensive font encoding definitions from <tt class="literal">lgrxenc.def</tt>:</p> +<blockquote> +<p><tt class="literal"><span class="pre">\usepackage[LGRx,T1]{fontenc}</span></tt> % define LGR and T1 encodings +<tt class="literal"><span class="pre">\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}</span></tt> % standard UTF-8 input encoding</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Unless combined with the <a class="reference internal" href="#textalpha">textalpha</a> package, text containing Greek Unicode +characters must be marked as requiring the LGR font encoding (either +directly or by setting the language to <tt class="literal">greek</tt> or <tt class="literal">polutonikogreek</tt>). +This is a feature of <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/inputenc">inputenc</a>'s standard utf8 support, similar to the +behaviour for, e.g., Cyrillic characters.</p> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="textalpha-sty-macros-for-greek-in-text"> +<span id="textalpha"></span><h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id14"><span class="sectnum">5</span> textalpha.sty: Macros for Greek in text</a></h1> +<p>Macros for Greek letters in text that work in any font encoding (see the +example below for limitations) and alias macros for compatibility with +existing packages.</p> +<p>Cooperates with <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/hyperref">hyperref</a> and <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/bookmark">bookmark</a> to enable Greek characters in +section headers and PDF bookmarks without the need for <tt class="literal">\texorpdfstring</tt>.</p> +<div class="note"> +<p class="admonition-title">Note</p> +<p>The package was renamed from <cite>textgreek</cite> to <cite>textalpha</cite> to prevent +confusion with the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ctan.org/pkg/textgreek">textgreek</a> package by Leonard Michlmayr.</p> +</div> +<dl class="field-list simple"> +<dt>Source</dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="textalpha.sty">textalpha.sty</a>, <a class="reference external" href="textalpha.sty.html">textalpha.sty.html</a></p> +</dd> +<dt>Example</dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="textalpha-test.tex">textalpha-test.tex</a>, <a class="reference external" href="textalpha-test.pdf">textalpha-test.pdf</a></p> +</dd> +<dt>Bookmarks</dt> +<dd><p><a class="reference external" href="greekhyperref.tex">greekhyperref.tex</a>, <a class="reference external" href="greekhyperref.pdf">greekhyperref.pdf</a></p> +</dd> +</dl> +<!-- References +========== --> +</div> +</div> +</body> +</html> |