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-\chapter{Pro and Con}
-
-At the period when these events took place, I had just returned
-from a scientific research in the disagreeable territory
-of Nebraska, in the United States. In virtue of my office
-as Assistant Professor in the Museum of Natural History in Paris,
-the French Government had attached me to that expedition.
-After six months in Nebraska, I arrived in New York towards
-the end of March, laden with a precious collection.
-My departure for France was fixed for the first days in May.
-Meanwhile I was occupying myself in classifying my mineralogical,
-botanical, and zoological riches, when the accident happened
-to the Scotia.
-
-I was perfectly up in the subject which was the question of the day.
-How could I be otherwise? I had read and reread all the American
-and European papers without being any nearer a conclusion.
-This mystery puzzled me. Under the impossibility of forming
-an opinion, I jumped from one extreme to the other.
-That there really was something could not be doubted,
-and the incredulous were invited to put their finger on the wound
-of the Scotia.\cite{incollection-full}
-
-\section{An added section}
-
-On my arrival at New York the question was at its height.
-The theory of the floating island, and the unapproachable sandbank,
-supported by minds little competent to form a judgment, was abandoned.
-And, indeed, unless this shoal had a machine in its stomach,
-how could it change its position with such astonishing rapidity?
-
-From the same cause, the idea of a floating hull of an enormous
-wreck was given up.
-
-\vskip 0.25in
-\begin{table}%
- \caption[Add a table]{Add an extra table here. Chinese Menu.}
- \begin{center}
- \begin{tabular}{lp{4.4cm}p{4.4cm}}
- & \textbf{column A} & \textbf{column B} \\
- \textbf{hot} & Kung Pao Chicken & General Tso's Chicken \\
- \textbf{mild} & Moo Goo Gai Pan & Sweet and Sour Pork
- \end{tabular}
- \label{tab:test1}
- \end{center}
-\end{table}
-
-There remained, then, only two possible solutions of the question,
-which created two distinct parties: on one side, those who were
-for a monster of colossal strength; on the other, those who were
-for a submarine vessel of enormous motive power.
-
-\subsection{A subsection}
-
-But this last theory, plausible as it was, could not stand against
-inquiries made in both worlds. That a private gentleman should have
-such a machine at his command was not likely. Where, when, and how
-was it built? and how could its construction have been kept secret?
-Certainly a Government might possess such a destructive machine.
-And in these disastrous times, when the ingenuity of man has
-multiplied the power of weapons of war, it was possible that,
-without the knowledge of others, a State might try to work such
-a formidable engine.
-
-But the idea of a war machine fell before the declaration of Governments.
-As public interest was in question, and transatlantic communications
-suffered, their veracity could not be doubted. But how admit that
-the construction of this submarine boat had escaped the public eye?
-For a private gentleman to keep the secret under such circumstances would
-be very difficult, and for a State whose every act is persistently watched
-by powerful rivals, certainly impossible.
-
-\begin{figure}%
- \centering%
- \includegraphics[width=100bp]{jules-verne-test}%
- \caption[Another test figure]%
- {This is another test figure inserted into this text
-\protect\cite{misc-full}}%
- \label{fig:test2}%
-\end{figure}
-
-Upon my arrival in New York several persons did me
-the honour of consulting me on the phenomenon in question.
-I had published in France a work in quarto, in two volumes,
-entitled Mysteries of the Great Submarine Grounds. This book,
-highly approved of in the learned world, gained for me a special
-reputation in this rather obscure branch of Natural History.
-My advice was asked. As long as I could deny the reality
-of the fact, I confined myself to a decided negative.
-But soon, finding myself driven into a corner, I was
-obliged to explain myself point by point. I discussed
-the question in all its forms, politically and scientifically;
-and I give here an extract from a carefully-studied article
-which I published in the number of the 30th of April.
-It ran as follows:
-
-\section{Another added section}
-
-``After examining one by one the different theories, rejecting all
-other suggestions, it becomes necessary to admit the existence
-of a marine animal of enormous power.
-
-\begin{equation}
-E=mc^2
-\end{equation}
-
-``The great depths of the ocean are entirely unknown to us.
-Soundings cannot reach them. What passes in those remote depths---what
-beings live, or can live, twelve or fifteen miles beneath
-the surface of the waters---what is the organisation of these animals,
-we can scarcely conjecture. However, the solution of the problem
-submitted to me may modify the form of the dilemma. Either we do know
-all the varieties of beings which people our planet, or we do not.
-If we do NOT know them all---if Nature has still secrets in the deeps
-for us, nothing is more conformable to reason than to admit the existence
-of fishes, or cetaceans of other kinds, or even of new species,
-of an organisation formed to inhabit the strata inaccessible to soundings,
-and which an accident of some sort has brought at long intervals
-to the upper level of the ocean.
-
-``If, on the contrary, we DO know all living kinds, we must
-necessarily seek for the animal in question amongst those marine
-beings already classed; and, in that case, I should be disposed
-to admit the existence of a gigantic narwhal.
-
-``The common narwhal, or unicorn of the sea, often attains
-a length of sixty feet. Increase its size fivefold or tenfold,
-give it strength proportionate to its size, lengthen its
-destructive weapons, and you obtain the animal required.
-It will have the proportions determined by the officers
-of the Shannon, the instrument required by the perforation
-of the Scotia, and the power necessary to pierce the hull
-of the steamer.\cite{inproceedings-full}
-
-``Indeed, the narwhal is armed with a sort of ivory sword,
-a halberd, according to the expression of certain naturalists.
-The principal tusk has the hardness of steel. Some of these tusks
-have been found buried in the bodies of whales, which the unicorn
-always attacks with success. Others have been drawn out,
-not without trouble, from the bottoms of ships, which they
-had pierced through and through, as a gimlet pierces a barrel.
-The Museum of the Faculty of Medicine of Paris possesses one
-of these defensive weapons, two yards and a quarter in length,
-and fifteen inches in diameter at the base.
-
-``Very well! suppose this weapon to be six times stronger and the animal
-ten times more powerful; launch it at the rate of twenty miles an hour,
-and you obtain a shock capable of producing the catastrophe required.
-Until further information, therefore, I shall maintain it to be
-a sea-unicorn of colossal dimensions, armed not with a halberd,
-but with a real spur, as the armoured frigates, or the `rams' of war,
-whose massiveness and motive power it would possess at the same time.
-Thus may this puzzling phenomenon be explained, unless there be something over
-and above all that one has ever conjectured, seen, perceived, or experienced;
-which is just within the bounds of possibility.''
-
-\section{The last added section}
-
-These last words were cowardly on my part; but, up to a certain point,
-I wished to shelter my dignity as professor, and not give
-too much cause for laughter to the Americans, who laugh well
-when they do laugh. I reserved for myself a way of escape.
-In effect, however, I admitted the existence of the ``monster.''
-My article was warmly discussed, which procured it a high reputation.
-It rallied round it a certain number of partisans. The solution
-it proposed gave, at least, full liberty to the imagination.
-The human mind delights in grand conceptions of supernatural beings.
-And the sea is precisely their best vehicle, the only medium
-through which these giants (against which terrestrial animals,
-such as elephants or rhinoceroses, are as nothing) can be produced
-or developed.
-
-The industrial and commercial papers treated the question chiefly from this
-point of view. The Shipping and Mercantile Gazette, the Lloyd's List,
-the Packet-Boat, and the Maritime and Colonial Review, all papers devoted
-to insurance companies which threatened to raise their rates of premium,
-were unanimous on this point. Public opinion had been pronounced.
-The United States were the first in the field; and in New York they
-made preparations for an expedition destined to pursue this narwhal.
-A frigate of great speed, the Abraham Lincoln, was put in commission
-as soon as possible. The arsenals were opened to Commander Farragut,
-who hastened the arming of his frigate; but, as it always happens,
-the moment it was decided to pursue the monster, the monster did not appear.
-For two months no one heard it spoken of. No ship met with it.
-It seemed as if this unicorn knew of the plots weaving around it.
-It had been so much talked of, even through the Atlantic cable, that jesters
-pretended that this slender fly had stopped a telegram on its passage and was
-making the most of it.
-
-So when the frigate had been armed for a long campaign, and provided with
-formidable fishing apparatus, no one could tell what course to pursue.
-Impatience grew apace, when, on the 2nd of July, they learned that a
-steamer of the line of San Francisco, from California to Shanghai,
-had seen the animal three weeks before in the North Pacific Ocean.
-The excitement caused by this news was extreme. The ship was revictualled
-and well stocked with coal.
-
-Three hours before the Abraham Lincoln left Brooklyn pier,
-I received a letter worded as follows:
-
-\begin{longquote}
-To M. ARONNAX, Professor in the Museum of Paris, Fifth Avenue Hotel, New York.
-
-SIR,--If you will consent to join the Abraham Lincoln
-in this expedition, the Government of the United States
-will with pleasure see France represented in the enterprise.
-Commander Farragut has a cabin at your disposal.
-
-Very cordially yours, J.B. HOBSON, Secretary of Marine.
-\end{longquote}