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diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/beamer/beamerug-globalstructure.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/beamer/beamerug-globalstructure.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5f46241b6cd --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/beamer/beamerug-globalstructure.tex @@ -0,0 +1,977 @@ +% $Header: /cvsroot/latex-beamer/latex-beamer/doc/beamerug-globalstructure.tex,v 1.6 2004/12/09 22:31:18 tantau Exp $ + +% Copyright 2003, 2004 by Till Tantau <tantau@users.sourceforge.net>. +% +% This program can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms +% of the GNU Public License, version 2. + +\section{Structuring a Presentation: The Static Global Structure} + +This section lists the commands that are used for structuring a +presentation ``globally'' using commands like |\section| or +|\part|. These commands are use to create a \emph{static} structure, +meaning that the resulting presentation is normally presented one slide +after the other in the order the slides occur. +Section~\ref{section-nonlinear} explains which commands can be used to +create the \emph{interactive} structure. For the interactive structure, +you must interact with the presentation program, typically by clicking +on hyperlinks, to advance the presentation. + +\subsection{Adding a Title Page} + +You can use the |\titlepage| command to insert a title page into +a frame. By default, it will arrange the following elements on +the title page: the document title, the author(s)'s names, their +affiliation, a title graphic, and a date. + +\begin{command}{\titlepage} + Inserts the text of a title page into the current frame. + \example |\frame{\titlepage}| + \example |\frame[plain]{\titlepage}| for a titlepage that fills the + whole frame. + + \lyxnote + If you use the ``Title'' style in your presentation, a title page is + automatically inserted. + + \begin{element}{title page}\yes\yes\yes + This template is invoked when the |\titlepage| command is used. + + \begin{templateoptions} + \itemoption{default}{\oarg{alignment}} + The title page is typeset showing the title, followed by the + author, his or her affiliation, the date, and a titlegraphic. If + any of these are missing, they are not shown. Except for the + titlegraphic, if the \beamer-color |title|, |author|, |institute|, + or |date| is defined, respectively, it is used to as textcolor for + these entries. If a background color is defined for them, a + colored bar in the corresponding color is drawn behind them, + spanning the text width. The corresponding \beamer-fonts are used + for these entries. + + The \meta{alignment} option is passed on the |beamercolorbox| + and can be used, for example, to flush the title page to the left + by specifying |left| here. + \end{templateoptions} + + The following commands are useful for this template: + \begin{templateinserts} + \iteminsert{\insertauthor} inserts a version of the author's name + that is useful for the title page. + \iteminsert{\insertdate} inserts the date. + \iteminsert{\insertinstitute} inserts the institute. + \iteminsert{\inserttitle} inserts a version of the document title + that is useful for the title page. + \iteminsert{\insertsubtitle} inserts a version of the document title + that is useful for the title page. + \iteminsert{\inserttitlegraphic} inserts the title graphic into a + template. + \end{templateinserts} + \end{element} +\end{command} + +For compatibility with other classes, in |article| mode the following +command is also provided: + +\begin{command}{\maketitle} + \beamernote + If used inside a frame, it has the same effect as |\titlepage|. If + used outside a frame, it has the same effect as + |\frame{\titlepage}|; in other words, a frame is added if necessary. +\end{command} + + +Before you invoke the title page command, you must specify all +elements you wish to be shown. This is done using the following +commands: + +\begin{command}{\title\oarg{short title}\marg{title}} + The \meta{short tile} is used in headlines and footlines. Inside + the \meta{title} line breaks can be inserted using the + double-backslash command. + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\title{The Beamer Class} +\title[Short Version]{A Very Long Title\\Over Several Lines} +\end{verbatim} + + \articlenote + The short form is ignored in |article| mode. +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\subtitle\oarg{short subtitle}\marg{subtitle}} + The \meta{subshort tile} is not used by default, but is available + via the insert |\insertshortsubtitle|. The subtitle is shown below + the title in a smaller font. + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\title{The Beamer Class} +\subtitle{An easily paced introduction with many examples.} +\end{verbatim} + + \articlenote + This command causes the subtitle to be appended to the title with a + linebreak and a |\normalsize| command issued before it. This may or + may not be what you would like to happen. +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\author\oarg{short author names}\marg{author names}} + The names should be separated using the + command |\and|. In case authors have different affiliations, + they should be suffixed by the command |\inst| with different + parameters. + \example|\author[Hemaspaandra et al.]{L. Hemaspaandra\inst{1} \and T. Tantau\inst{2}}| + + \articlenote + The short form is ignored in |article| mode. +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\institute\oarg{short institute}\marg{institute}} + If more than one institute is given, they should be separated using + the command |\and| and they should be prefixed by the command + |\inst| with different parameters. + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\institute[Universities of Rochester and Berlin]{ + \inst{1}Department of Computer Science\\ + University of Rochester + \and + \inst{2}Fakult\"at f\"ur Elektrotechnik und Informatik\\ + Technical University of Berlin} +\end{verbatim} + + \articlenote + The short form is ignored in |article| mode. The long form is also + ignored, except if the document class (like |llncs|) defines it. +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\date\oarg{short date}\marg{date}} + \example|\date{\today}| or |\date[STACS 2003]{STACS Conference, 2003}|. + + \articlenote + The short form is ignored in |article| mode. +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\titlegraphic\marg{text}} + The \meta{text} is shown as title graphic. Typically, a picture + environment is used as \meta{text}. + \example|\titlegraphic{\pgfuseimage{titlegraphic}}| + + \articlenote + The command is ignored in |article| mode. +\end{command} + + + + +\begin{command}{\subject\marg{text}} + Enters the \meta{text} as the subject text in the \pdf\ document + info. It currently has no other effect. +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\keywords\marg{text}} + Enters the \meta{text} as keywords in the \pdf\ document + info. It currently has no other effect. +\end{command} + + +By default, the |\title| and |\author| commands will also insert their +arguments into a resulting \pdf-file in the document information +fields. This may cause problems if you use complicated things like +boxes as arguments to these commands. In this case, you might wish to +switch off the automatic generation of these entries using the +following class option: + +\begin{classoption}{usepdftitle=false} + Suppresses the automatic generation of title and author entries in + the \pdf\ document information. +\end{classoption} + + + + + +\subsection{Adding Sections and Subsections} + +You can structure your text using the commands |\section| and +|\subsection|. Unlike standard \LaTeX, these commands will not +create a heading at the position where you use them. Rather, they will +add an entry to the table of contents and also to the navigation +bars. + +In order to create a line break in the table of contents (usually not +a good idea), you can use the command |\breakhere|. Note that the +standard command |\\| does not work (actually, I do not really know +why; comments would be appreciated). + +\begin{command}{\section\sarg{mode specification}\oarg{short section name}\marg{section name}} + Starts a section. No heading is created. The \meta{section name} + is shown in the table of contents and in the navigation bars, except + if \meta{short section name} is specified. In this case, \meta{short + section name} is used in the navigation bars instead. If a + \meta{mode specification} is given, the command only has an effect + for the specified modes. + + \example|\section[Summary]{Summary of Main Results}| + + \articlenote + The \meta{mode specification} allows you to provide an alternate + section command in |article| mode. This is necessary for example if + the \meta{short section name} is unsuitable for the table of + contents: + + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\section<presentation>[Results]{Results on the Main Problem} +\section<article>{Results on the Main Problem} +\end{verbatim} + + \begin{element}{section in toc}\yes\yes\yes + This template is used when a section entry is to be typeset. For + the permissible \meta{options} see the parent template + |table of contents|. + + The following commands are useful for this template: + \begin{templateinserts} + \iteminsert{\inserttocsection} + inserts the table of contents version of the current section name. + + \iteminsert{\inserttocsectionnumber} + inserts the number of the current section (in the table of contents). + \end{templateinserts} + \end{element} + + \begin{element}{section in toc shaded}\yes\yes\yes + This template is used instead of the previous one if the section + should be shown in a shaded way, because it is not the current + section. For the permissible \meta{options} see the parent + template |table of contents|. + \end{element} +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\section\sarg{mode specification}\declare{|*|}\marg{section name}} + Starts a section without an entry in the table of contents. No + heading is created, but the \meta{section name} is shown in the + navigation bar. + \example|\section*{Outline}| + \example|\section<beamer>*{Outline}| +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\subsection\sarg{mode specification}\oarg{short + subsection name}\marg{subsection name}} + This command works the same way as the |\section| command. + \example|\subsection[Applications]{Applications to the Reduction of Pollution}| + + \begin{element}{subsection in toc}\yes\yes\yes + Like |section in toc|, only for subsection. + + In addition to the inserts for the |section in toc| template, the + following commands are available for this template: + \begin{templateinserts} + \iteminsert{\inserttocsubsection} + inserts the table of contents version of the current subsection + name. + + \iteminsert{\inserttocsubsectionnumber} + inserts the number of the current subsection (in the table of contents). + \end{templateinserts} + \end{element} + + \begin{element}{subsection in toc shaded}\yes\yes\yes + Like |section in toc shaded|, only for subsections. + \end{element} +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\subsection\sarg{mode specification}\declare{|*|}\marg{subsection name}} + Starts a subsection without an entry in the table of contents. No + heading is created, but the \meta{subsection name} is shown in the + navigation bar, \emph{except} if \meta{subsection name} is empty. In + this case, neither a table of contents entry nor a navigation bar + entry is created, \emph{but} any frames in this ``empty'' subsection + are shown in the navigation bar. + + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\section{Summary} + + \frame{This frame is not shown in the navigation bar} + + \subsection*{} + + \frame{This frame is shown in the navigation bar, but no subsection + entry is shown.} + + \subsection*{A subsection} + + \frame{Normal frame, shown in navigation bar. The subsection name is + also shown in the navigation bar, but not in the table of contents.} +\end{verbatim} +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\subsubsection\sarg{mode specification}\oarg{short + subsubsection name}\marg{subsubsection name}} + This command works the like |\subsection|. However, subsubsections + are supported less well than subsections. For example, in the table + of contents subsubsections are always shown with the same + shading/hiding parameters as the subsection. + + I \emph{strongly} discourage the use of subsubsections in + presentations. If you do not use them, you will give a better + presentation. + + \example|\subsubsection[Applications]{Applications to the Reduction of Pollution}| + + \begin{element}{subsubsection in toc}\yes\yes\yes + Like |subsection in toc|, only for subsection. + + In addition to the inserts for the |subsection in toc| template, the + following commands are available for this template: + \begin{templateinserts} + \iteminsert{\inserttocsubsubsection} + inserts the table of contents version of the current subsubsection + name. + + \iteminsert{\inserttocsubsubsectionnumber} + inserts the number of the current subsubsection (in the table of contents). + \end{templateinserts} + \end{element} + + \begin{element}{subsubsection in toc shaded}\yes\yes\yes + Like |subsection in toc shaded|, only for subsubsections. + \end{element} +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\subsection\sarg{mode specification}\declare{|*|}\marg{subsubsection name}} + Starts a subsection without an entry in the table of contents. No + heading is created, but the \meta{subsubsection name} is shown in + a possible sidebar. +\end{command} + +Often, you may want a certain type of frame to be shown directly after +a section or subsection starts. For example, you may wish every +subsection to start with a frame showing the table of contents with +the current subsection hilighted. To facilitate this, you can use the +following commands. + + +\begin{command}{\AtBeginSection\oarg{special star text}\marg{text}} + The given text will be inserted at the beginning of every + section. If the \meta{special star text} parameter is specified, + this text will be used for starred sections instead. Different calls + of this command will not ``add up'' the given texts (like the + |\AtBeginDocument| command does), but will overwrite any previous + text. + + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\AtBeginSection[] % Do nothing for \section* +{ + \begin{frame}<beamer> + \frametitle{Outline} + \tableofcontents[currentsection] + \end{frame} +} +\end{verbatim} + + \articlenote + This command has no effect in |article| mode. + + \lyxnote + You have to insert this command using a \TeX-mode text. +\end{command} + + +\begin{command}{\AtBeginSubsection\oarg{special star text}\marg{text}} + The given text will be inserted at the beginning of every + subsection. If the \meta{special star text} parameter is specified, + this text will be used for starred subsections instead. Different calls + of this command will not ``add up'' the given texts. + + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\AtBeginSubsection[] % Do nothing for \subsection* +{ + \begin{frame}<beamer> + \frametitle{Outline} + \tableofcontents[currentsection,currentsubsection] + \end{frame} +} +\end{verbatim} +\end{command} + + +\begin{command}{\AtBeginSubsubsection\oarg{special star text}\marg{text}} + Like |\AtBeginSubsection|, only for subsubsections. +\end{command} + + + + +\subsection{Adding Parts} + +If you give a long talk (like a lecture), you may wish to break up +your talk into several parts. Each such part acts like a little ``talk +of its own'' with its own table of contents, its own navigation bars, +and so on. Inside one part, the sections and subsections of the other +parts are not shown at all. + +To create a new part, use the |\part| command. All sections and +subsections following this command will be ``local'' to that part. +Like the |\section| and |\subsection| command, the |\part| command +does not cause any frame or special text to be produced. However, +it is often advisable for the start of a new part to use the command +|\partpage| to insert some text into a frame that ``advertises'' the +beginning of a new part. See |beamerexample3.tex| for an example. + +\begin{command}{\part\sarg{mode specification}\oarg{short part name}\marg{part name}} + Starts a part. The \meta{part name} will be shown when the + |\partpage| command is used. The \meta{shown part name} is not shown + anywhere by default, but it is accessible via the command + |\insertshortpart|. + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{document} + \frame{\titlepage} + + \section*{Outlines} + \subsection{Part I: Review of Previous Lecture} + \frame{ + \frametitle{Outline of Part I} + \tableofcontents[part=1]} + \subsection{Part II: Today's Lecture} + \frame{ + \frametitle{Outline of Part II} + \tableofcontents[part=2]} + + \part{Review of Previous Lecture} + \frame{\partpage} + \section[Previous Lecture]{Summary of the Previous Lecture} + \subsection{Topics} + \frame{...} + \subsection{Learning Objectives} + \frame{...} + + \part{Today's Lecture} + \frame{\partpage} + \section{Topic A} + \frame{\tableofcontents[currentsection]} + \subsection{Foo} + \frame{...} + \section{Topic B} + \frame{\tableofcontents[currentsection]} + \subsection{bar} + \frame{...} +\end{document} +\end{verbatim} +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\partpage} + Works like |\titlepage|, only that the current part, not the current + presentation is ``advertised.'' + \example |\frame{\partpage}| + + \begin{element}{part page}\yes\yes\yes + This template is invoked when the |\partpage| command is used. + + \begin{templateoptions} + \itemoption{default}{\oarg{alignment}} + The part page is typeset showing the current part number and, + below, the current part title. The \beamer-color and -font + |part page| are used, including the background color of + |part page|. As for the |title page| template, the + \meta{alignment} option is passed on the |beamercolorbox|. + \end{templateoptions} + + The following commands are useful for this template: + \begin{templateinserts} + \iteminsert{\insertpart} + inserts the current part name. + \iteminsert{\insertpartnumber} + inserts the current part number as an Arabic number into a template. + \iteminsert{\insertpartromannumber} + inserts the current part number as a Roman number into a template. + \end{templateinserts} + \end{element} +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\AtBeginPart\marg{text}} + The given text will be inserted at the beginning of every + part. + + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\AtBeginPart{\frame{\partpage}} +\end{verbatim} +\end{command} + + +\subsection{Splitting a Course Into Lectures} + +When using \beamer\ with the |article| mode, you may wish to have the +lecture notes of a whole course reside in one file. In this case, only +a few frames are actually part of any particular lecture. + +The |\lecture| command makes it easy to select only a certain set of +frames from a file to be presented. This command takes (among other +things) a label name. If you say |\includeonlylecture| with this label +name, then only the frames following the corresponding |\lecture| +command are shown. The frames following other |\lecture| commands are +suppressed. + +By default, the |\lecture| command has no other effect. It does not +create any frames or introduce entries in the table of +contents. However, you can use |\AtBeginLecture| to have \beamer\ +insert, say, a title page at the beginning of (each) lecture. + +\begin{command}{\lecture\oarg{short lecture name}\marg{lecture + name}\marg{lecture label}} + Starts a lecture. The \meta{lecture name} will be available via the + |\insertlecture| command. The \meta{short lecture name} is available + via the |\insertshortlecture| command. + + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{document} +\lecture{Vector Spaces}{week 1} + +\section{Introduction} +... +\section{Summary} + +\lecture{Scalar Products}{week 2} + +\section{Introduction} +... +\section{Summary} + +\end{document} +\end{verbatim} + + \articlenote + This command has no effect in |article| mode. +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\includeonlylecture\meta{lecture label}} + Causes all |\frame|, |frame|, |\section|, |\subsection|, and |\part| + commands following a |\lecture| command to be suppressed, except if the + lecture's label matches the \meta{lecture label}. Frames before any + |\lecture| commands are always included. This command should be + given in the preamble. + + \example |\includeonlylecture{week 1}| + + \articlenote + This command has no effect in |article| mode. +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\AtBeginLecture\marg{text}} + The given text will be inserted at the beginning of every + lecture. + + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\AtBeginLecture{\frame{\Large Today's Lecture: \insertlecture}} +\end{verbatim} + + \articlenote + This command has no effect in |article| mode. +\end{command} + + +\subsection{Adding a Table of Contents} + +You can create a table of contents using the command +|\tableofcontents|. Unlike the normal \LaTeX\ table of contents +command, this command takes an optional parameter in square brackets +that can be used to create certain special effects. + +\begin{command}{\tableofcontents\oarg{comma-separated option list}} + Inserts a table of contents into the current frame. + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\section*{Outline} +\frame{\tableofcontents} + +\section{Introduction} +\frame{\tableofcontents[currentsection]} +\subsection{Why?} +\frame{...} +\frame{...} +\subsection{Where?} +\frame{...} + +\section{Results} +\frame{\tableofcontents[currentsection]} +\subsection{Because} +\frame{...} +\subsection{Here} +\frame{...} +\end{verbatim} + + The following options can be given: + \begin{itemize} + \item + \declare{|currentsection|} causes all sections but the current to + be shown in a semi-transparent way. Also, all subsections but + those in the current section are shown in the semi-transparent + way. This command is a shorthand for specifying the following + options: +\begin{verbatim} +sectionstyle=show/shaded,subsectionstyle=show/show/shaded +\end{verbatim} + \item + \declare{|currentsubsection|} causes all subsections but the + current subsection in the current section to be shown in a + semi-transparent way. This command is a shorthand for specifying + the option |subsectionstyle=show/shaded|. + \item + \declare{|firstsection=|\meta{section number}} specifies which + section should be numbered as section~``1.'' This is useful if + you have a first section (like an overview section) that should + not receive a number. Section numbers are not shown by default. To + show them, you must install a different table of contents + templates. + \item + \declare{|hideallsubsections|} causes all subsections to be + hidden. This command is a shorthand for specifying + the option |subsectionstyle=hide|. + \item + \declare{|hideothersubsections|} causes the subsections of + sections other than the current one to be hidden. This command is + a shorthand for specifying the option |subsectionstyle=show/show/hide|. + \item + \declare{|part=|\meta{part number}} causes the table of contents + of part \meta{part number} to be shown, instead of the table of + contents of the current part (which is the default). This option + can be combined with the other options, although combining it with + the |current| option obviously makes no sense. + \item + \declare{|pausesections|} causes a |\pause| command to + be issued before each section. This is useful if you wish to show + the table of contents in an incremental way. + \item + \declare{|pausesubsections|} causes a |\pause| command to + be issued before each subsection. + \item + \declare{|sections=|\marg{overlay specification}} causes only the + sections mentioned in the \meta{overlay specification} to be + shown. For example, \verb/sections={<2-4| handout:0>}/ causes only the second, + third, and fourth section to be shown in the normal version, + nothing to be shown in the handout version, and everything to be + shown in all other versions. For convenience, if you omit the + pointed brackets, the specification is assumed to apply to all + versions. Thus |sections={2-4}| causes sections two, three, and + four to be shown in all versions. + \item + \declare{|sectionstyle=|\meta{style for current + section}|/|\meta{style for other sections}} specifies how + sections should be displayed. Allowed \meta{styles} are |show|, + |shaded|, and |hide|. The first will show the section title + normally, the second will show it in a semi-transparent way, and + the third will completely suppress it. You can + also omit the second style, in which case the first is used for + all sections (this is not really useful). + \item + \declare{|subsectionstyle=|\meta{style for current + subsection}|/|\meta{style for other subsections in current + section}|/|\\\meta{style for subsections in other sections}} + specifies how subsections should be displayed. The same styles as + for the |sectionstyle| option may be given. You can omit the last + style, in which case the second also applies to the last, and you can + omit the last two, in which case the first applies to all. + \example |subsectionstyle=shaded| causes all subsections to be + shaded. + \example |subsectionstyle=hide| causes all subsections to be + hidden. + \example |subsectionstyle=show/shaded| causes all subsections but the + current subsection in the current section to be shown in a + semi-transparent way. + \example |subsectionstyle=show/show/hide| causes all + subsections outside the current section to be suppressed. + \example |subsectionstyle=show/shaded/hide| causes all + subsections outside the current section to be suppressed and only + the current subsection in the current section to be hilighted. + \end{itemize} + The last examples are useful if you do not wish to show + too many details when presenting the talk outline. + + \articlenote + The options are ignored in |article| mode. + + \lyxnote + You can give options to the |\tableofcontents| command by + inserting a \TeX-mode text with the options in square brackets + directly after the table of contents. + + \begin{element}{sections/subsections in toc}\semiyes\no\no + This is a parent template, whose children are + |section in toc| and |subsection in toc|. This means that if you + use the |\setbeamertemplate| command on this template, the command + is instead called for both of these children (with the same arguments). + + \begin{templateoptions} + \itemoption{default}{} + In the default setting, the sections and subsections are typeset + using the fonts and colors |section in toc| and + |subsection in toc|, though the background colors are ignored. The + subsections are indented. + \itemoption{sections numbered}{} + Similar to the default setting, but the section numbers are also + shown. The subsections are not numbered. + \itemoption{subsections numbered}{} + This time, the subsections are numbered, but not the + sections. Nevertheless, since the subsections are ``fully + numbered'' as in ``1.2'' or ``3.2,'' if every section has at least + one subsection, the section numbered will not really be missed. + \itemoption{circle}{} + Draws little circles before the sections. Inside + the circles the section number is shown. The \beamer-font and + color |section number projected| is used for typesetting the + circles, that is, the circle gets the background color and the + text inside the circle the foreground color. + \itemoption{square}{} + Similar to the |circle| option, except that small squares are + used instead of circles. Small, unnumbered squares are shown in + front of the subsections. + \itemoption{ball}{} + Like |square|, the only difference being the balls are used + instead of squares. + \itemoption{ball unnumbered}{} + Similar to |ball|, except that no numbering is used. This option + makes the table of contents look more like an |itemize|. + \end{templateoptions} + + If none of the above options suits you, you have to change the + templates |section in toc| and |subsection in toc| directly. + \end{element} + + \begin{element}{sections/subsections in toc shaded}\semiyes\no\no + A parent template with children + |section in toc shaded| and |subsection in toc shaded|. They are + used to render section and subsection entries when + they are currently shaded; like all non-current subsections in + |\tableofcontents[currentsubsection]|. + + \begin{templateoptions} + \itemoption{default}{\oarg{opaqueness}} + In the default setting, the templates |section in toc shaded| and + |subsection in toc shaded| just show whatever the nonshaded + versions of these templates show, but only \meta{opaqueness}\% + opaque. The default is 20\%. + + \example |\setbeamertemplate{table of contents shaded}[default][50]| + makes dimmed entries 50\% transparent. + \end{templateoptions} + \end{element} +\end{command} + + + + + +\subsection{Adding a Bibliography} + +You can use the bibliography environment and the |\cite| commands +of \LaTeX\ in a \beamer\ presentation. You will typically have to +typeset your bibliography items partly ``by hand.'' Nevertheless, you +\emph{can} use |bibtex| to create a ``first approximation'' of the +bibliography. Copy the content of the file |main.bbl| into your +presentation. If you are not familiar with |bibtex|, you may wish +to consult its documentation. It is a powerful tool for +creating high-quality citations. + +Using |bibtex| or your editor, place your bibliographic +references in the environment |thebibliography|. This +(standard \LaTeX) environment takes one parameter, which should be the +longest |\bibitem| label in the following list of bibliographic +entries. + +\begin{environment}{{thebibliography}\marg{longest label text}} + Inserts a bibliography into the current frame. The \meta{longest + label text} is used to determine the indentation of the list. However, + several predefined options for the typesetting of the bibliography + ignore this parameter since they replace the references by a symbol. + + Inside the environment, use a (standard \LaTeX) |\bibitem| command + for each reference item. Inside each item, use a (standard \LaTeX) + |\newblock| command to separate the authors's names, the title, the + book/journal reference, and any notes. Each of these commands may + introduce a new line or color or other formatting, as specified by + the template for bibliographies. + + The environment must be placed inside a frame. If the bibliography + does not fit on one frame, you should + split it (create a new frame and a second |thebibliography| + environment) or use the |allowframebreaks| option. Even better, you + should reconsider whether it is a good idea to present so many + references. + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{frame} + \frametitle{For Further Reading} + + \begin{thebibliography}{Dijkstra, 1982} + \bibitem[Solomaa, 1973]{Solomaa1973} + A.~Salomaa. + \newblock {\em Formal Languages}. + \newblock Academic Press, 1973. + + \bibitem[Dijkstra, 1982]{Dijkstra1982} + E.~Dijkstra. + \newblock Smoothsort, an alternative for sorting in situ. + \newblock {\em Science of Computer Programming}, 1(3):223--233, 1982. + \end{thebibliography} +\end{frame} +\end{verbatim} + + Four templates govern the appearance of the author, title, journal, + and note text. These author templates are inserted before the first block + of the entry (the first block is all text before the first occurrence of a + |\newblock| command). The title template is inserted before + the second block (the text between the first and second occurrence + of |\newblock|). Likewise for the journal and note templates. + + The templates are inserted \emph{before} the blocks and you do not + have access to the blocks themselves via insert commands. The + corresponding \beamer-color and -font are also installed before the + blocks. + + \begin{element}{bibliography entry author}\yes\yes\yes + This template is inserted before the author of a bibliography + entry. The color and font are also installed. Note that the effect + of this template will persist until the end of the bibliography + item or until one of the following templates undo the effect. + + By default, this template does nothing. The default color is the + structure color. + \end{element} + + \begin{element}{bibliography entry title}\yes\yes\yes + This template is inserted before the title of a bibliography + entry (more precisely, it is inserted after the first occurrence of + the |\newblock| command). By default, this template starts a new + paragraph, causing a line break. The default color is the normal + text color. + \end{element} + + \begin{element}{bibliography entry journal}\yes\yes\yes + This template is inserted before the journal of a bibliography + entry (the second |\newblock|). By default, this template starts a + new paragraph. The default color is a slightly transparent version + of the structure color. + \end{element} + + + \begin{element}{bibliography entry note}\yes\yes\yes + This template is inserted before any note text at the end of a + bibliography entry (it is inserted before the third + |\newblock|). By default, this template starts a new + paragraph. The default color is the same as for the journal. + \end{element} +\end{environment} + + +\begin{command}{\bibitem\sarg{overlay specification}% + \oarg{citation text}\marg{label name}} + The \meta{citation text} is inserted into the text when the item is + cited using |\cite{|\meta{label name}|}| in the main presentation + text. For a \beamer\ presentation, this should usually be as long as + possible. + + Use |\newblock| commands to separate the authors's names, the title, the + book/journal reference, and any notes. If the \meta{overlay specification} + is present, the entry will only be shown on the + specified slides. + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\bibitem[Dijkstra, 1982]{Dijkstra1982} + E.~Dijkstra. + \newblock Smoothsort, an alternative for sorting in situ. + \newblock {\em Science of Computer Programming}, 1(3):223--233, 1982. +\end{verbatim} + + \begin{element}{bibliography item}\yes\yes\yes + \colorfontparents{item} + This template is used to render the bibliography item. Unlike + normal \LaTeX, the default template for the bibliography does not + repeat the citation text (like ``[Dijkstra, 1982]'') before each + item in the bibliography. Instead, a cute, small article symbol is + drawn. The rationale is that the audience will not be able to + remember any abbreviated citation texts till the end of the + talk. + \begin{templateoptions} + \itemoption{default}{} + Draws a cute little article icon as the reference. Use this for + journal articles, parts of books (like conference proceedings), + or technical reports. + + \itemoption{article}{} + Alias for the default. + + \itemoption{book}{} + Draws a cute little book icon as the reference. Use this for, + well, books. + + \itemoption{triangle}{} + Draws a triangle as the reference. This is more in keeping with + the standard itemize items. + + \itemoption{text}{} + Uses the reference text (like ``[Dijkstra, 1982]'') as the + reference text. Be sure you what you are doing if you use this. + \end{templateoptions} + The following insert is useful for the template: + \begin{itemize} + \iteminsert{\insertbiblabel} + inserts the current citation label. + \end{itemize} + \end{element} +\end{command} + + + +\subsection{Adding an Appendix} + +You can add an appendix to your talk by using the |\appendix| +command. You should put frames and perhaps whole subsections into the +appendix that you do not intend to show during your presentation, but +which might be useful to answer a question. The |\appendix| command +essentially just starts a new part named |\appendixname|. However, it +also sets up certain hyperlinks. +Like other parts, the appendix is kept separate of your actual +talk. + +\begin{command}{\appendix\sarg{mode specification}} + Starts the appendix in the specified modes. All frames, all + |\subsection| commands, and all |\section| commands used after this + command will not be shown as part of the normal navigation bars. + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{document} +\frame{\titlepage} +\section*{Outline} +\frame{\tableofcontents} +\section{Main Text} +\frame{Some text} +\section*{Summary} +\frame{Summary text} + +\appendix +\section{\appendixname} +\frame{\tableofcontents} +\subsection{Additional material} +\frame{Details} +\frame{Text omitted in main talk.} +\subsection{Even more additional material} +\frame{More details} +\end{document} +\end{verbatim} +\end{command} + + + + +%%% Local Variables: +%%% mode: latex +%%% TeX-master: "beameruserguide" +%%% End: |