diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/beamer/beamerug-animations.tex')
-rw-r--r-- | Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/beamer/beamerug-animations.tex | 845 |
1 files changed, 845 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/beamer/beamerug-animations.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/beamer/beamerug-animations.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6f0ca74d5df --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/beamer/beamerug-animations.tex @@ -0,0 +1,845 @@ +% $Header: /cvsroot/latex-beamer/latex-beamer/doc/beamerug-animations.tex,v 1.3 2004/10/07 20:53:04 tantau Exp $ + +% Copyright 2003, 2004 by Till Tantau <tantau@users.sourceforge.net>. +% +% This program can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms +% of the GNU Public License, version 2. + +\section{Animations, Sounds, and Slide Transitions} + +\subsection{Animations} + +\subsubsection{Including External Animation Files} + +\label{section-multimedia} + +If you have created an animation using some external +program (like a renderer), you can use the capabilities of the +presentation program (like the Acrobat Reader) to show the +animation. Unfortunately, currently there is no portable way of doing +this and even the Acrobat Reader does not support this feature on all +platforms. + +To include an animation in a presentation, you can use, for example, +the package |multimedia.sty| which is part of the \beamer\ +package. You have to include this package explicitly. Despite being +distributed as part of the \beamer\ distribution, this package is +perfectly self-sufficient and can be used independently of \beamer. + +\begin{package}{{multimedia}} + A stand-alone package that implements several commands for including + external animation and sound files in a \pdf\ document. The package + can be used together with both |dvips| plus |ps2pdf| and |pdflatex|, + though the special sound support is available only in |pdflatex|. + + When including this package, you must also include the |hyperref| + package. Since you will typically want to include |hyperref| only at + the very end of the preamble, |multimedia| will not include + |hyperref| itself. However, |multimedia| can be included both before + and after |hyperref|. Since \beamer\ includes |hyperref| + automatically, you need not worry about this when creating a + presentation using \beamer. +\end{package} + +For including an animation in a \pdf\ file, you can use the command +|\movie|, which is explained below. Depending on the used options, +this command will either setup the \pdf\ file such that the viewer +application (like the Acrobat Reader) itself will try to play the +movie or that an external program will be called. The latter approach, +though much less flexible, must be taken if the viewer application is +unable to display the movie itself. + +\begin{command}{\movie\oarg{options}\marg{poster text}\marg{movie + filename}} + This command will insert the movie with the filename \meta{movie + filename} into the \pdf\ file. The movie file must reside at some + place where the viewer application will be able to find it, + which is typically only the directory in which the final \pdf\ file + resides. The movie file will \emph{not} be embedded into the \pdf\ + file in the sense that the actual movie data is part of the + |main.pdf| file. The movie file must hence be copied and passed + along with the \pdf\ file. (Nevertheless, one often says that the + movie is ``embedded'' in the document, but that just means that one can + click on the movie when viewing the document and the movie will + start to play.) + + The movie will use a rectangular area whose size is determined + either by the |width=| and |height=| options or by the size of the + \meta{poster text}. The \meta{poster text} can be any \TeX\ text; + for example, it might be a |\pgfuseimage| command or an + |\includegraphics| command or a |pgfpicture| environment or just + plain text. The \meta{poster text} is typeset in a box, the box is + inserted into the normal text, and the movie rectangle is put + exactly over this box. Thus, if the \meta{poster text} is an image + from the movie, this image will be shown until the movie is started, + when it will be exactly replaced by the movie itself. However, there + is also a different, sometimes better, way of creating a poster image, + namely by using the |poster| option as explained later on. + + The aspect ratio of the movie will \emph{not} be corrected + automatically if the dimension of the \meta{poster text} box does + not have the same aspect ratio. Most movies have an aspect ratio of + 4:3 or 16:9. + + Despite the name, a movie may consist only of sound with no + images. In this case, the \meta{posert text} might be a symbol + representing the sound. There is also a different, dedicated + command for including sounds in a \pdf\ file, see the |\sound| + command in Section~\ref{section-sound}. + + Unless further options are given, the movie will start only when the + user clicks on it. Whether the viewer application can actually + display the movie depends on the application and the version. For + example, the Acrobat Reader up to version~5 does not seem to be able + to display any movies or sounds on Linux. On the other hand, the + Acrobat Reader Version~6 on MacOS is able to display anything that + QuickTime can display, which is just about everything. Embedding + movies in a \pdf\ document is provided for by the \pdf\ standard and + is not a peculiarity of the Acrobat Reader. In particular, one might + expect other viewers like |xpdf| to support embedded movies in the + future. + + \example + |\movie{\pgfuseimage{myposterimage}}{mymovie.avi}| + + \example + |\movie[width=3cm,height=2cm,poster]{}{mymovie.mpg}| + + If your viewer application is not able to render your movie, but + some external application is, you must use the |externalviewer| + option. This will ask the viewer application to launch an + application for showing the movie instead of displaying it + itself. Since this application is started in a new window, this not + nearly as nice as having the movie be displayed directly by the + viewer (unless you use evil trickery to suppress the frame of the + viewer application). Which application is chosen is left to the + discreetion of the viewer application, which tries to make its + choice according to the extension of the \meta{movie filename} and + according to some mapping table for mapping extensions + to viewer applications. How this mapping table can be modified + depends on the viewer application, please see the release notes of + your viewer. + + The following \meta{options} may be given: + \begin{itemize} + \item + \declare{|autostart|}. Causes the movie to start playing immediately + when the page is shown. At most one movie can be started in this + way. The viewer application will typically be able to show only at + most one movie at the same time anyway. When the page is no longer + shown, the movie immediately stops. This can be a problem if you + use the |\movie| command to include a sound that should be played + on after the page has been closed. In this case, the |\sound| + command must be used. + \item + \declare{|borderwidth=|}\meta{\TeX\ dimension}. Causes a border of + thickness \meta{\TeX\ dimension} to be drawn around the + movie. Some versions of the Acrobat Reader seem to have a bug and + do not display this border if is smaller than 0.5bp (about + 0.51pt). + \item + \declare{|depth=|}\meta{\TeX\ dimension}. Overrides the depth of the + \meta{poster text} box and sets it to the given dimension. + \item + \declare{|duration=|}\meta{time}|s|. Specifies in seconds how long + the movie should be shown. The \meta{time} may be a fractional + value and must be followed by the letter |s|. For example, + |duration=1.5s| will show the movie for one and a half seconds. In + conjunction with the |start| option, you can ``cut out'' a part of + a movie for display. + \item + \declare{|externalviewer|}. As explained above, this causes an + external application to be launched for displaying the movie in a + separate window. Most options, like |duration| or |loop|, have no + effect since they are not passed along to the viewer application. + \item + \declare{|height=|}\meta{\TeX\ dimension}. Overrides the height of the + \meta{poster text} box and sets it to the given dimension. + \item + \declare{|label=|}\meta{movie label}. Assigns a label to the movie + such that it can later be referenced by the command + |\hyperlinkmovie|, which can be used to stop the movie or to show + a different part of it. The \meta{movie label} is not a normal + label. It should not be too fancy, since it is inserted literally + into the \pdf\ code. In particular, it should not contain closing + parentheses. + \item + \declare{|loop|}. Causes the movie to start again when the end has + been reached. Normally, the movie just stops at the end. + \item + \declare{|once|}. Causes the movie to just stop at the end. This is + the default. + \item + \declare{|palindrome|}. Causes the movie to start playing backwards + when the end has been reached, and to start playing forward once + more when the beginning is reached, and so on. + \item + \declare{|poster|}. Asks the viewer application to show the first + image of the movie when the movie is not playing. Normally, + nothing is shown when the movie is not playing (and thus the box + containing the \meta{poster text} is shown). For a movie that does + not have any images (but sound) or for movies with an + uninformative first image this option is not so useful. + \item + \declare{|repeat|} is the same as |loop|. + \item + \declare{|showcontrols=|}\meta{true or false}. Causes a control bar + to be displayed below the movie while it is playing. Instead of + |showcontrols=true| you can also just say |showcontrols|. By + default, no control bar is shown. + \item + \declare{|start=|}\meta{time}|s|. Causes the first + \meta{time} seconds of the movie to be skipped. For example, + |start=10s,duration=5s| will show seconds 10 to 15 of the movie, + when you play the movie. + \item + \declare{|width=|}\meta{\TeX dimension} works like the |height| + option, only for the width of the poster box. + \end{itemize} + + \example The following example creates a ``background sound'' for + the slide. +\begin{verbatim} +\movie[autostart]{}{test.wav} +\end{verbatim} + + \example A movie with two extra buttons for showing different parts + of the movie. +\begin{verbatim} +\movie[label=cells,width=4cm,height=3cm,poster,showcontrols,duration=5s]{}{cells.avi} + +\hyperlinkmovie[start=5s,duration=7s]{cells}{\beamerbutton{Show the middle stage}} + +\hyperlinkmovie[start=12s,duration=5s]{cells}{\beamerbutton{Show the late stage}} +\end{verbatim} +\end{command} + +A movie can serve as the destination of a special kind of hyperlink, +namely a hyperlink introduced using the following command: + +\begin{command}{\hyperlinkmovie\oarg{options}\marg{movie + label}\marg{text}} + Causes the \meta{text} to become a movie hyperlink. When you click + on the \meta{text}, the movie with the label \meta{movie label} will + start to play (or stop or pause or resume, depending on the + \meta{options}). The movie must be on the same page as the + hyperlink. + + The following \meta{options} may be given, many of which are the + same as for the |\movie| command; if a different option is given for + the link than for the movie itself, the option for the link takes precedence: + \begin{itemize} + \item + \declare{|duration=|}\meta{time}|s|. As for |\movie|, this causes + the movie to be played only for the given number of seconds. + \item + \declare{|loop|} and \declare{|repeat|}. As for |\movie|, this causes + the movie to loop. + \item + \declare{|once|}. As for |\movie|, this causes + the movie to played only once. + \item + \declare{|palindrome|}. As for |\movie|, this causes + the movie to be played forth and back. + \item + \declare{|pause|}. Causes the playback of the movie to be paused, if + the movie was currently playing. If not, nothing happens. + \item + \declare{|play|}. Causes the movie to be played from whatever start + position is specified. If the movie is already playing, it will be + stopped and restarted at the starting position. This is the default. + \item + \declare{|resume|}. Resumes playback of the movie, if it has + previously been paused. If has not been paused, but not started or + is already playing, nothing happens. + \item + \declare{|showcontrols=|}\meta{true or false}. As for |\movie|, this + causes a control bar to be shown or not shown during playback. + \item + \declare{|start=|}\meta{time}|s|. As for |\movie|, this causes + the given number of seconds to be skipped at the beginning of the + movie if |play| is used to start the movie. + \item + \declare{|stop|}. Causes the playback of the movie to be stopped. + \end{itemize} +\end{command} + + +\subsubsection{Animations Created by Showing Slides in Rapid Succession} + +You can create an animation in a portable way by using the +overlay commands of the \beamer\ package to create a series of slides +that, when shown in rapid succession, present an animation. This is a +flexible approach, but such animations will typically be rather static +since it will take some time to advance from one slide to the +next. This approach is mostly useful for animations where you want +to explain each ``picture'' of the animation. +When you advance slides ``by hand,'' that is, by pressing a forward +button, it typically takes at least a second for the next slide to +show. + +More ``lively'' animations can be created by relying on a capability +of the viewer program. Some programs support +showing slides only for a certain number of seconds during a +presentation (for the Acrobat Reader this works only in full-screen +mode). By setting the number of seconds to zero, you can create a +rapid succession of slides. + +To facilitate the creation of animations using this feature, the +following commands can be used: |\animate| and |\animatevalue|. + +\begin{command}{\animate\ssarg{overlay specification}} + The slides specified by \meta{overlay specification} will be shown + only as shortly as possible. +\example +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{frame} + \frametitle{A Five Slide Animation} + \animate<2-4> + + The first slide is shown normally. When the second slide is shown + (presumably after pressing a forward key), the second, third, and + fourth slides ``flash by.'' At the end, the content of the fifth + slide is shown. + + ... code for creating an animation with five slides ... +\end{frame} +\end{verbatim} + + \articlenote + This command is ignored in |article| mode. +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\animatevalue|<|\meta{start slide}|-|\meta{end slide}|>|% + \marg{name}\marg{start value}\marg{end value}} + The \meta{name} must be the name of a counter or a dimension. + It will be varied between two values. For the slides in the + specified range, the counter or dimension is set to an interpolated + value that depends on the current slide number. On slides before the + \meta{start slide}, the counter or dimension is set to \meta{start + value}; on the slides after the \meta{end slide} it is set to + \meta{end value}. + \example +\begin{verbatim} +\newcount\opaqueness +\begin{frame} + \animate<2-10> + \animatevalue<1-10>{\opaqueness}{100}{0} + \begin{colormixin}{\the\opaqueness!averagebackgroundcolor} + \frametitle{Fadeout Frame} + + This text (and all other frame content) will fade out when the + second slide is shown. This even works with + {\color{green!90!black}colored} \alert{text}. + \end{colormixin} +\end{frame} + +\newcount\opaqueness +\newdimen\offset +\begin{frame} + \frametitle{Flying Theorems (You Really Shouldn't!)} + + \animate<2-14> + + \animatevalue<1-15>{\opaqueness}{100}{0} + \animatevalue<1-15>{\offset}{0cm}{-5cm} + \begin{colormixin}{\the\opaqueness!averagebackgroundcolor} + \hskip\offset + \begin{minipage}{\textwidth} + \begin{theorem} + This theorem flies out. + \end{theorem} + \end{minipage} + \end{colormixin} + + \animatevalue<1-15>{\opaqueness}{0}{100} + \animatevalue<1-15>{\offset}{-5cm}{0cm} + \begin{colormixin}{\the\opaqueness!averagebackgroundcolor} + \hskip\offset + \begin{minipage}{\textwidth} + \begin{theorem} + This theorem flies in. + \end{theorem} + \end{minipage} + \end{colormixin} +\end{frame} +\end{verbatim} + + \articlenote + This command is ignored in |article| mode. +\end{command} + +If your animation ``graphics'' reside in individual external graphic +files, you might also consider using the |\multiinclude| command, +which is explained in Section~\ref{section-mpmulti}, together with +|\animate|. For example, you might create an animation like this, +assuming you have created graphic files named |animation.1| through to +|animation.10|: + +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{frame} + \animate<2-9> + \multiinclude[start=1]{animation} +\end{frame} +\end{verbatim} + + + + +\subsubsection{Including External Animations Residing in Multiple + Image Files} +\label{section-xmpmulti} +\label{section-mpmulti} + +Some animations reside in external files in the following way: For +each stage of the animation there is an image file containing +an image for this stage. You can include such a series of images +conveniently by using the style |mpmulti.sty| from the ppower4 +package. This style, written by Klaus Guntermann, +introduces a command called |\multiinclude| that takes the base name +of a graphic file like |mygraphic| and will then search for files +called |mygraphic.0|, |mygraphic.1|, and so on, till no more files are +found. It will then include these graphics files using the +|\includegraphics| command, but will put these graphics ``on top of +each other.'' Furthermore, and this is the important part, +it inserts a |\pause| command after each graphic. This command is +defined in the ppower4 package and has the same effect as the |\pause| +command of \beamer. For this reason, both ppower4 and also \beamer\ +will first display the basic graphic and will then additionally show +the next graphic on each slide. + +If you try to use |mpmulti.sty| directly, you will run into the +problem that it includes a file called |pause.sty|, which is part of +the ppower4 package. + +You might also consider using the style |xmpmulti.sty| that comes with +\beamer. This file is mainly identical to |mpmulti|, except for two +differences: First, it does not include |pause.sty|, a style that +conceptually clashes with \beamer, although \beamer\ contains a +workaround that sidesteps the problem. Second, it extends the +|\multiinclude| command by allowing a special default overlay +specification to be given. The effect of this is explained below. + +\begin{package}{{xmpmulti}} + Defines the command |\multiinclude|. The code of this package is + due to Klaus Guntermann with some additions of mine. It can used + together with \beamer\ and with ppower4, i.\,e., it can be used as a + replacement for |mpmulti| if the |pause| package is also included in + a ppower4-presentation. +\end{package} + +\begin{command}{\multiinclude\opt{|[<|\meta{default overlay + specification}|>]|}\oarg{options}\marg{base file name}} + Except for the possibility of specifying a \meta{default overlay + specification}, this command is identical to the |\multiinclude| + command from the ppower4 package. + + If no overlay specification is given, the command will search for + files called \meta{base file name}|.|\meta{number} for increasing + numbers \meta{number}, starting with zero. As long as it finds these + files, it issues an |\includegraphics| command on them. The files + following the first one are put ``on top'' of the first one. Between + any two invocations of |\includegraphics|, a |\pause| command is + inserted. You can modify this behaviour is different ways by given + suitable \meta{options}, see below. + + \example Assume that MetaPost has created files called |gra.0|, + |gra.1|, and |gra.2|. You can then create frame consisting of three + slides that incrementally show the graphic as follows: + +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{frame} + \multiinclude{gra} +\end{frame} +\end{verbatim} + + The effect of providing a \meta{default overlay specification} is + the following: First, no |\pause| command is inserted between + graphics. Instead, each graphic is surrounded by an |actionenv| + environment with the overlay specification set to \meta{default + overlay specification}. + + \example You can create the same effect as in the previous example + using |\multiinclude[<+->]{gra}|. + + \example For a more interesting usage of the \meta{default overlay + specification}, consider the following usage: +\begin{verbatim} +\multiinclude[<alert@+| +->]{gra} +\end{verbatim} + This will always paint the most recently added part of the graphic + in red (assuming you do not use special colors in the graphic + itself). + + \example In order to have each graphic completely \emph{replace} the + previous one, you could use |\multiinclude[<+>]{gra}|. + + The following \meta{options} may be given (these are the same as for + the original command from the ppower4 package): + \begin{itemize} + \item + \declare{|pause=|\meta{command}} replaces the default pausing + command |\pause| by \meta{command}. If a \meta{default overlay + specification} is given, the default pausing command is empty; + otherwise it is |\pause|. Note that commands like |\pauselevel| + are not available in |\beamer|. + \item + \declare{|graphics=|\meta{options}} passes the \meta{options} to + the |\includegraphics| command. + + \example |\multiinclude[graphics={height=5cm}]{gra}| + \item + \declare{|format=|\meta{extension}} will cause the file names for + which we search change from \meta{base file name}|.|\meta{number} + to \meta{base file name}|-|\meta{number}|.|\meta{extension}. Note + the change from the dot to a hyphen. This option allows you to + include, say, |.jpg| files. + \item + \declare{|start=|\meta{number}} specifies the start + \meta{number}. The default is zero. + \item + \declare{|end=|\meta{number}} specifies the end + \meta{number}. The default is infinity. + \end{itemize} +\end{command} + +Note that, if you do not use the |format=| option, the +|\includegraphics| command will be somewhat at a loss in which format +your graphic file actually is. After all, it end with the cryptic +``format suffix'' |.0| or |.1|. You can tell |\includegraphics| that +any file having a suffix it knows nothing about is actually in format, +say, |.mps|, using the following command: +\begin{verbatim} +\DeclareGraphicsRule{*}{mps}{*}{} +\end{verbatim} + + + + + + + +\subsection{Sounds} +\label{section-sound} +You can include sounds in a presentation. Such sound can be played +when you open a slide or when a certain button is clicked. The +commands for including sounds are defined in the package |multimedia|, +which is introduced in Section~\ref{section-multimedia}. + +As was already pointed out in Section~\ref{section-multimedia}, a +sound can be included in a \pdf\ presentation by treating it as a +movie and using the |\movie| command. While this is perfectly +sufficient in most cases, there are two cases where this approach is +not satisfactory: +\begin{enumerate} +\item + When a page is closed, any playing movie is immediately + stopped. Thus, you cannot use the |\movie| command to create sounds + that persist for a longer time. +\item + You cannot play two movies at the same time. +\end{enumerate} + +The \pdf\ specification introduces special sound objects, which are +treated quite differently from movie objects. You can create a sound +object using the command |\sound|, which is somewhat similar to +|\movie|. There also exists a |\hyperlinksound| command, which is +similar to |\hyperlinkmovie|. While it is conceptually better to use +|\sound| for sounds, there are a number of this to consider before +using it: +\begin{itemize} +\item + Several sounds \emph{can} be played at the same time. In particular, + it is possible to play a general sound in parallel to a (hopefully + silent) movie. +\item + A sound playback \emph{can} persist after the current page is closed + (though it need not). +\item + The data of a sound file \emph{can} be completely embedded in a + \pdf\ file, obliberating the need to ``carry around'' other files. +\item + The sound objects do \emph{not} work together with |dvips| and + |ps2pdf|. They only work with |pdflatex|. +\item + There is much less control over what part of a sound should be + played. In particular, no control bar is shown and you can + specify neither the start time nor the duration. +\item + A bug in some versions of the Acrobat Reader makes it necessary to + provide very exact details on the encoding of the sound file. You + have to provide the sampling rate, the number of channels (mono or + stereo), the number of bits per sample, and the sample encoding + method (raw, signed, Alaw or $\mu$law). If you do not know this data + or provide it incorrectly, the sound will be played incorrectly. +\item + It seems that you can only include uncompressed sound data, + which can easily become huge. This is not required by the + specification, but I have been unable to make the Acrobat Reader + play any compressed data. Data formats that \emph{do} work are + |.aif| and |.au|. +\end{itemize} + + +\begin{command}{\sound\oarg{options}\marg{sound poster text}\marg{sound + filename}} + This command will insert the sound with the filename \meta{sound + filename} into the \pdf\ file. As for |\movie|, the file must be + accessible when the sound is to be played. Unlike |\movie|, you can + however use the option |inlinesound| to actually embed the sound + data in the \pdf\ file. + + Also as for a movie, the \meta{sound poster text} will be be put in + a box that, when clicked on, will start playing the movie. However, + you might also leave this box empty and only use the |autostart| + option. Once playback of a sound has started, it can only be stopped + by starting the playback of a different sound or by use of the + |\hyperlinkmute| command. + + The supported sound formats depend on the viewer application. My + version of the Acrobat Reader supports |.aif| and |.au|. I also need + to specify information like the sampling rate, even though this + information could be extracted from the sound file and even though + the \pdf\ standard specifies that the viewer application should do + so. In this regard, my version of the Acrobat Reader seems to be + non-standard-conforming. + + This command only works together with |pdflatex|. If you use + |dvips|, the poster is still shown, but clicking it has no effect + and no sound is embedded in any way. + + \example + |\sound[autostart,samplingrate=22050]{}{applause.au}| + + The following \meta{options} may be given: + \begin{itemize} + \item + \declare{|autostart|}. Causes the sound to start playing immediately + when the page is shown. + \item + \declare{|automute|}. Causes all sounds to be muted when the current + page is left. + \item + \declare{|bitspersample=|}\meta{8 or 16}. Specifies the number of + bits per sample in the sound file. If this number is 16, this + option need not be specified. + \item + \declare{|channels=|}\meta{1 or 2}. Specifies whether the sound is + mono or stereo. If the sound is mono, this option need not be specified. + \item + \declare{|depth=|}\meta{\TeX\ dimension}. Overrides the depth of the + \meta{sound poster text} box and sets it to the given dimension. + \item + \declare{|encoding=|}\meta{method}. Specifies the encoding method, + which may be |Raw|, |Signed|, |muLaw|, or |ALaw|. If the method is + |muLaw|, this option need not be specified. + \item + \declare{|height=|}\meta{\TeX\ dimension}. Overrides the height of the + \meta{sound poster text} box and sets it to the given dimension. + \item + \declare{|inlinesound|} causes the sound data to be stored directly + in the \pdf-file. + \item + \declare{|label=|}\meta{sound label}. Assigns a label to the sound + such that it can later be referenced by the command + |\hyperlinksound|, which can be used to start a sound. The + \meta{sound label} is not a normal label. + \item + \declare{|loop|} or \declare{|repeat|}. Causes the sound to start + again when the end has been reached. + \item + \declare{|mixsound=|}\meta{true or false}. If set to |true|, the + sound is played in addition to any sound that is already + playing. If set to |false| all other sounds (though not sound from + movies) are stopped before the the sound is played. The default is + |false|. + \item + \declare{|samplingrate=|}\meta{number}. Specifies the number of + samples per second in the sound file. If this number is 44100, + this option need not be specified. + \item + \declare{|width=|}\meta{\TeX\ dimension} works like the |height| + option, only for the width of the poster box. + \end{itemize} + + \example The following example creates a ``background sound'' for + the slide, assuming that |applause.au| is encoded correctly (44100 + samples per second, mono, $\mu$law encoded, 16 bits per sample). +\begin{verbatim} +\sound[autostart]{}{applause.au} +\end{verbatim} +\end{command} + +Just like movies, sounds can also serve as destinations of special +sound hyperlinks. + +\begin{command}{\hyperlinksound\oarg{options}\marg{sound + label}\marg{text}} + Causes the \meta{text} to become a sound hyperlink. When you click + on the \meta{text}, the sound with the label \meta{sound label} will + start to play. + + The following \meta{options} may be given: + \begin{itemize} + \item + \declare{|loop|} or \declare{|repeat|}. Causes the sound to start + again when the end has been reached. + \item + \declare{|mixsound=|}\meta{true or false}. If set to |true|, the + sound is played in addition to any sound that is already + playing. If set to |false| all other sounds (though not sound from + movies) is stopped before the the sound is played. The default is + |false|. + \end{itemize} +\end{command} + +Since there is no direct way of stopping the playback of a sound, the +following command is useful: + + +\begin{command}{\hyperlinkmute\marg{text}} + Causes the \meta{text} to become a hyperlink that, when clicked, + stops the playback of all sounds. +\end{command} + + + + +\subsection{Slide Transitions} + +\textsc{pdf} in general, and the Acrobat Reader in particular, offer a +standardized way of defining \emph{slide transitions}. Such a +transition is a visual effect that is used to show the slide. For +example, instead of just showing the slide immediately, whatever was +shown before might slowly ``dissolve'' and be replaced by the slide's +content. + +There are a number of commands that can be used to specify what effect +should be used when the current slide is presented. Consider the +following example: + +\begin{verbatim} +\frame{\pgfuseimage{youngboy}} +\frame{ + \transdissolve + \pgfuseimage{man} +} +\end{verbatim} +The command |\transdissolve| causes the slide of the +second frame to be shown in a ``dissolved way.'' Note that the +dissolving is a property of the second frame, not of the first one. We +could have placed the command anywhere on the frame. + +The transition commands are overlay-specification-aware. We could +collapse the two frames into one frame like this: +\begin{verbatim} +\begin{frame} + \only<1>{\pgfuseimage{youngboy}} + \only<2>{\pgfuseimage{man}} + \transdissolve<2> +\end{frame} +\end{verbatim} +This states that on the first slide the young boy should be shown, on +the second slide the old man should be shown, and when the second +slide is shown, it should be shown in a ``dissolved way.'' + +In the following, the different commands for creating transitional +effects are listed. All of them take an optional argument that may +contain a list of \meta{key}|=|\meta{value} pairs. The following +options are possible: + +\begin{itemize} +\item + |duration=|\meta{seconds}. Specifies the number of \meta{seconds} + the transition effect needs. Default is one second, but often a + shorter one (like 0.2 seconds) is more appropriate. Viewer + applications, especially Acrobat, may interpret this option in + slightly strange ways. +\item + |direction=|\meta{degree}. For ``directed'' effects, this option + specifies the effect's direction. Allowed values are |0|, |90|, + |180|, |270|, and for the glitter effect also |315|. +\end{itemize} + +\articlenote +All of these commands are ignored in |article| mode. + +\lyxnote +You must insert these commands using \TeX-mode. + +\begin{command}{\transblindshorizontal\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}} + Show the slide as if horizontal blinds where pulled away. + \example|\transblindshorizontal| +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\transblindsvertical\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}} + Show the slide as if vertical blinds where pulled away. + \example|\transblindsvertical<2,3>| +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\transboxin\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}} + Show the slide by moving to the center from all four sides. + \example|\transboxin<1>| +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\transboxout\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}} + Show the slide by showing more and more of a rectangular area that + is centered on the slide center. + \example|\transboxout| +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\transdissolve\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}} + Show the slide by slowly dissolving what was shown before. + \example|\transdissolve[duration=0.2]| +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\transglitter\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}} + Show the slide with a glitter effect that sweeps in the specified + direction. + \example|\transglitter<2-3>[direction=90]| +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\transsplitverticalin\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}} + Show the slide by sweeping two vertical lines from the sides inward. + \example|\transsplitverticalin| +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\transsplitverticalout\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}} + Show the slide by sweeping two vertical lines from the center outward. + \example|\transsplitverticalout| +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\transsplithorizontalin\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}} + Show the slide by sweeping two horizontal lines from the sides inward. + \example|\transsplithorizontalin| +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\transsplithorizontalout\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}} + Show the slide by sweeping two horizontal lines from the center outward. + \example|\transsplithorizontalout| +\end{command} + +\begin{command}{\transwipe\sarg{overlay specification}\oarg{options}} + Show the slide by sweeping a single line in the specified direction, + thereby ``wiping out'' the previous contents. + \example|\transwipe[direction=90]| +\end{command} + + +You can also specify how \emph{long} a given slide should be shown, +using the following overlay-specification-aware command: + +\begin{command}{\transduration\sarg{overlay specification}\marg{number of seconds}} + In full screen mode, show the slide for \meta{number of seconds}. + In zero is specified, the slide is shown as short as possible. This + can be used to create interesting pseudo-animations. + \example|\transduration<2>{1}| +\end{command} + + + + +%%% Local Variables: +%%% mode: latex +%%% TeX-master: "beameruserguide" +%%% End: |