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diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/pgf/text-en/pgfmanual-en-pgffor.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/pgf/text-en/pgfmanual-en-pgffor.tex
index 770f0c89dc3..a8ddbd9194a 100644
--- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/pgf/text-en/pgfmanual-en-pgffor.tex
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/generic/pgf/text-en/pgfmanual-en-pgffor.tex
@@ -11,42 +11,40 @@
\section{Repeating Things: The Foreach Statement}
\label{section-foreach}
-This section describes the package |pgffor|, which is loaded
-automatically by \tikzname, but not by \pgfname:
+This section describes the package |pgffor|, which is loaded automatically by
+\tikzname, but not by \pgfname:
\begin{package}{pgffor}
- This package can be used independently of \pgfname, but works
- particularly well together with \pgfname\ and \tikzname. It defines
- two new commands: |\foreach| and |\breakforeach|.
+ This package can be used independently of \pgfname, but works particularly
+ well together with \pgfname\ and \tikzname. It defines two new commands:
+ |\foreach| and |\breakforeach|.
\end{package}
-\begin{command}{\foreach| |\meta{variables}| |\opt{{\ttfamily[}\meta{options}{\ttfamily]}}%
- | in |\meta{list} \meta{commands}}
- The syntax of this command is a bit complicated, so let us go
- through it step-by-step.
-
- In the easiest case, \meta{variables} is a single \TeX-command like
- |\x| or |\point|. (If you want to have some fun, you can also use
- active characters. If you do not know what active characters are,
- you are blessed.)
-
- Still in the easiest case, \meta{options} will be omitted. The keys
- for customizing this command will be discussed below.
-
- Again, in the easiest case, \meta{list} is either a comma-separated
- list of values surrounded by curly braces or it is the name of a
- macro that contain such a list of values. Anything can be used as a
- value, but numbers are most likely.
-
- Finally, in the easiest case, \meta{commands} is some \TeX-text in
- curly braces.
-
- With all these assumptions, the |\foreach| statement will execute
- the \meta{commands} repeatedly, once for every element of the
- \meta{list}. Each time the \meta{commands} are executed, the
- \meta{variable} will be set to the current value of the list
- item.
+\begin{command}{\foreach| |\meta{variables}| |\opt{{\ttfamily[}\meta{options}{\ttfamily]}}| in |\meta{list} \meta{commands}}
+ The syntax of this command is a bit complicated, so let us go through it
+ step-by-step.
+ In the easiest case, \meta{variables} is a single \TeX-command like |\x| or
+ |\point|. (If you want to have some fun, you can also use active
+ characters. If you do not know what active characters are, you are
+ blessed.)
+
+ Still in the easiest case, \meta{options} will be omitted. The keys for
+ customizing this command will be discussed below.
+
+ Again, in the easiest case, \meta{list} is either a comma-separated list of
+ values surrounded by curly braces or it is the name of a macro that contain
+ such a list of values. Anything can be used as a value, but numbers are
+ most likely.
+
+ Finally, in the easiest case, \meta{commands} is some \TeX-text in curly
+ braces.
+
+ With all these assumptions, the |\foreach| statement will execute the
+ \meta{commands} repeatedly, once for every element of the \meta{list}. Each
+ time the \meta{commands} are executed, the \meta{variable} will be set to
+ the current value of the list item.
+ %
\begin{codeexample}[]
\foreach \x in {1,2,3,0} {[\x]}
\end{codeexample}
@@ -56,36 +54,34 @@ automatically by \tikzname, but not by \pgfname:
\foreach \x in \mylist {[\x]}
\end{codeexample}
- Note that in each execution of \meta{commands} the
- \meta{commands} are put in a \TeX\ group. This means that
- \emph{local changes to counters inside \meta{commands} do not
- persist till the next iteration}. For instance, if you add 1 to a
- counter inside \meta{commands} locally, then in the next iteration
- the counter will have the same value it had at the beginning of the
- first iteration. You have to add |\global| if you wish changes to
- persist from iteration to iteration.
-
- \medskip
- \textbf{Syntax for the commands.}
- Let us move on to a more complicated setting. The first
- complication occurs when the \meta{commands} are not some text in
- curly braces. If the |\foreach| statement does not encounter an
- opening brace, it will instead scan everything up to the next
- semicolon and use this as \meta{commands}. This is most useful in
- situations like the following:
-
+ Note that in each execution of \meta{commands} the \meta{commands} are put
+ in a \TeX\ group. This means that \emph{local changes to counters inside
+ \meta{commands} do not persist till the next iteration}. For instance, if
+ you add 1 to a counter inside \meta{commands} locally, then in the next
+ iteration the counter will have the same value it had at the beginning of
+ the first iteration. You have to add |\global| if you wish changes to
+ persist from iteration to iteration.
+
+
+ \medskip
+ \textbf{Syntax for the commands.}
+ Let us move on to a more complicated setting. The first complication occurs
+ when the \meta{commands} are not some text in curly braces. If the
+ |\foreach| statement does not encounter an opening brace, it will instead
+ scan everything up to the next semicolon and use this as \meta{commands}.
+ This is most useful in situations like the following:
+ %
\begin{codeexample}[]
\tikz
\foreach \x in {0,1,2,3}
\draw (\x,0) circle (0.2cm);
\end{codeexample}
- However, the ``reading till the next semicolon'' is not the whole
- truth. There is another rule: If a |\foreach| statement is directly
- followed by another |\foreach| statement, this second foreach
- statement is collected as \meta{commands}. This allows you to write
- the following:
-
+ However, the ``reading till the next semicolon'' is not the whole truth.
+ There is another rule: If a |\foreach| statement is directly followed by
+ another |\foreach| statement, this second foreach statement is collected as
+ \meta{commands}. This allows you to write the following:
+ %
\begin{codeexample}[]
\begin{tikzpicture}
\foreach \x in {0,1,2,3}
@@ -97,99 +93,96 @@ automatically by \tikzname, but not by \pgfname:
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{codeexample}
- \medskip
- \textbf{The dots notation.}
- The second complication concerns the \meta{list}. If this
- \meta{list} contains the list item ``|...|'', this list item is replaced
- by the ``missing values.'' More precisely, the following happens:
-
- Normally, when a list item |...| is encountered, there should
- already have been \emph{two} list items before it, which where
- numbers. Examples of \emph{numbers} are |1|, |-10|, or
- |-0.24|. Let us call these numbers $x$ and $y$ and let $d := y-x$ be
- their difference. Next, there should also be one number following
- the three dots, let us call this number~$z$.
-
- In this situation, the part of the list reading
- ``$x$|,|$y$|,...,|$z$'' is replaced by ``$x$, $x+d$, $x+2d$, $x+3d$,
- \dots, $x+md$,'' where the last dots are semantic dots, not
- syntactic dots. The value $m$ is the largest number such that $x +
- md \le z$ if $d$ is positive or such that $x+md \ge z$ if $d$ is
- negative.
-
- Perhaps it is best to explain this by some examples: The following
- \meta{list} have the same effects:
-
- |\foreach \x in {1,2,...,6} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {1,2,...,6} {\x, }
-
- |\foreach \x in {1,2,3,...,6} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {1,2,3,...,6} {\x, }
-
- |\foreach \x in {1,3,...,11} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {1,3,...,11} {\x, }
-
- |\foreach \x in {1,3,...,10} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {1,3,...,10} {\x, }
-
- |\foreach \x in {0,0.1,...,0.5} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {0,0.1,...,0.5} {\x, }
-
- |\foreach \x in {a,b,9,8,...,1,2,2.125,...,2.5} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {a,b,9,8,...,1,2,2.125,...,2.5} {\x, }
-
- As can be seen, for fractional steps that are not multiples of
- $2^{-n}$ for some small $n$, rounding errors can occur pretty
- easily. Thus, in the second last case, |0.5| should probably be
- replaced by |0.501| for robustness.
-
- There is another special case for the |...| statement: If the
- |...| is used right after the first item in the list, that is, if
- there is an $x$, but no $y$, the difference $d$ obviously cannot be
- computed and is set to $1$ if the number $z$ following the dots is
- larger than $x$ and is set to $-1$ if $z$ is smaller:
-
- |\foreach \x in {1,...,6} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {1,...,6} {\x, }
-
- |\foreach \x in {9,...,3.5} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {9,...,3.5} {\x, }
-
-
- There is a yet another special case for the |...| statement, in that
- it can indicate an alphabetic character sequence:
-
- |\foreach \x in {a,...,m} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {a,...,m} {\x, }
-
- |\foreach \x in {Z,X,...,M} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {Z,X,...,M} {\x, }
-
- A final special case for the |...| statement is contextual replacement.
- If the |...| is used in some context, for example, |sin(...)|, this
- context will be interpreted correctly, provided that the list items
- prior to the |...| statement have \emph{exactly} the same pattern,
- except that, instead of dots, they have a number or a character:
-
- |\foreach \x in {2^1,2^...,2^7} {$\x$, }| yields \foreach \x in {2^1,2^...,2^7} {$\x$, }
-
- |\foreach \x in {0\pi,0.5\pi,...\pi,3\pi} {$\x$, }| yields \foreach \x in {0\pi,0.5\pi,...\pi,3\pi} {$\x$, }
-
- |\foreach \x in {A_1,..._1,H_1} {$\x$, }| yields \foreach \x in {A_1,..._1,H_1} {$\x$, }
-
- \textbf{Special handling of pairs.}
- Different list items are separated by commas. However, this causes a
- problem when the list items contain commas themselves as pairs like
- |(0,1)| do. In this case, you should put the items containing commas
- in braces as in |{(0,1)}|. However, since pairs are such a natural
- and useful case, they get a special treatment by the |\foreach|
- statement. When a list item starts with a |(| everything up to the
- next |)| is made part of the item. Thus, we can write things like
- the following:
+ \medskip
+ \textbf{The dots notation.}
+ The second complication concerns the \meta{list}. If this \meta{list}
+ contains the list item ``|...|'', this list item is replaced by the
+ ``missing values''. More precisely, the following happens:
+
+ Normally, when a list item |...| is encountered, there should already have
+ been \emph{two} list items before it, which where numbers. Examples of
+ \emph{numbers} are |1|, |-10|, or |-0.24|. Let us call these numbers $x$
+ and $y$ and let $d := y-x$ be their difference. Next, there should also be
+ one number following the three dots, let us call this number~$z$.
+
+ In this situation, the part of the list reading ``$x$|,|$y$|,...,|$z$'' is
+ replaced by ``$x$, $x+d$, $x+2d$, $x+3d$, \dots, $x+md$'', where the last
+ dots are semantic dots, not syntactic dots. The value $m$ is the largest
+ number such that $x + md \le z$ if $d$ is positive or such that $x+md \ge
+ z$ if $d$ is negative.
+
+ Perhaps it is best to explain this by some examples: The following
+ \meta{list} have the same effects:
+
+ |\foreach \x in {1,2,...,6} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {1,2,...,6} {\x, }
+
+ |\foreach \x in {1,2,3,...,6} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {1,2,3,...,6} {\x, }
+
+ |\foreach \x in {1,3,...,11} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {1,3,...,11} {\x, }
+
+ |\foreach \x in {1,3,...,10} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {1,3,...,10} {\x, }
+
+ |\foreach \x in {0,0.1,...,0.5} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {0,0.1,...,0.5} {\x, }
+
+ |\foreach \x in {a,b,9,8,...,1,2,2.125,...,2.5} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {a,b,9,8,...,1,2,2.125,...,2.5} {\x, }
+
+ As can be seen, for fractional steps that are not multiples of $2^{-n}$ for
+ some small $n$, rounding errors can occur pretty easily. Thus, in the
+ second last case, |0.5| should probably be replaced by |0.501| for
+ robustness.
+
+ There is another special case for the |...| statement: If the |...| is used
+ right after the first item in the list, that is, if there is an $x$, but no
+ $y$, the difference $d$ obviously cannot be computed and is set to $1$ if
+ the number $z$ following the dots is larger than $x$ and is set to $-1$ if
+ $z$ is smaller:
+
+ |\foreach \x in {1,...,6} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {1,...,6} {\x, }
+
+ |\foreach \x in {9,...,3.5} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {9,...,3.5} {\x, }
+
+ There is a yet another special case for the |...| statement, in that it can
+ indicate an alphabetic character sequence:
+ |\foreach \x in {a,...,m} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {a,...,m} {\x, }
+
+ |\foreach \x in {Z,X,...,M} {\x, }| yields \foreach \x in {Z,X,...,M} {\x, }
+
+ A final special case for the |...| statement is contextual replacement. If
+ the |...| is used in some context, for example, |sin(...)|, this context
+ will be interpreted correctly, provided that the list items prior to the
+ |...| statement have \emph{exactly} the same pattern, except that, instead
+ of dots, they have a number or a character:
+
+ |\foreach \x in {2^1,2^...,2^7} {$\x$, }| yields \foreach \x in {2^1,2^...,2^7} {$\x$, }
+
+ |\foreach \x in {0\pi,0.5\pi,...\pi,3\pi} {$\x$, }| yields \foreach \x in {0\pi,0.5\pi,...\pi,3\pi} {$\x$, }
+
+ |\foreach \x in {A_1,..._1,H_1} {$\x$, }| yields \foreach \x in {A_1,..._1,H_1} {$\x$, }
+
+
+ \textbf{Special handling of pairs.}
+ Different list items are separated by commas. However, this causes a
+ problem when the list items contain commas themselves as pairs like |(0,1)|
+ do. In this case, you should put the items containing commas in braces as
+ in |{(0,1)}|. However, since pairs are such a natural and useful case, they
+ get a special treatment by the |\foreach| statement. When a list item
+ starts with a |(| everything up to the next |)| is made part of the item.
+ Thus, we can write things like the following:
+ %
\begin{codeexample}[]
\tikz
\foreach \position in {(0,0), (1,1), (2,0), (3,1)}
\draw \position rectangle +(.25,.5);
\end{codeexample}
- \medskip
- \textbf{Using the foreach-statement inside paths.}
- \tikzname\ allows you to use |foreach| and |\foreach| (both have the
- same effect) inside a path construction. In such a case, the
- \meta{commands} must be path construction commands. Here are two
- examples:
+ \medskip
+ \textbf{Using the foreach-statement inside paths.}
+ \tikzname\ allows you to use |foreach| and |\foreach| (both have the same
+ effect) inside a path construction. In such a case, the \meta{commands}
+ must be path construction commands. Here are two examples:
+ %
\begin{codeexample}[]
\tikz
\draw (0,0)
@@ -202,35 +195,35 @@ automatically by \tikzname, but not by \pgfname:
\tikz \draw foreach \p in {1,...,3} {(\p,1)--(\p,3) (1,\p)--(3,\p)};
\end{codeexample}
- Note that the |node| and |pic| path commands also support the
- |foreach| statement in special ways.
-
- \medskip
- \textbf{Multiple variables.}
- You will often wish to iterate over two variables at the same
- time. Since you can nest |\foreach| loops, this is normally
- straight-forward. However, you sometimes wish variables to
- iterate ``simultaneously.'' For example, we might be given a list of
- edges that connect two coordinates and might wish to iterate over
- these edges. While doing so, we would like the source and target of
- the edges to be set to two different variables.
-
- To achieve this, you can use the following syntax: The
- \meta{variables} may not only be a single \TeX-variable. Instead, it
- can also be a list of variables separated by slashes (|/|). In this
- case the list items can also be lists of values separated by
- slashes.
-
- Assuming that the \meta{variables} and the list items are lists of
- values, each time the \meta{commands} are executed, each of the
- variables in \meta{variables} is set to one part of the list making
- up the current list item. Here is an example to clarify this:
-
- \example |\foreach \x / \y in {1/2,a/b} {``\x\ and \y''}| yields
- \foreach \x / \y in {1/2,a/b} {``\x\ and \y''}.
-
- If some entry in the \meta{list} does not have ``enough'' slashes,
- the last entry will be repeated. Here is an example:
+ Note that the |node| and |pic| path commands also support the |foreach|
+ statement in special ways.
+
+
+ \medskip
+ \textbf{Multiple variables.}
+ You will often wish to iterate over two variables at the same time. Since
+ you can nest |\foreach| loops, this is normally straight-forward. However,
+ you sometimes wish variables to iterate ``simultaneously''. For example, we
+ might be given a list of edges that connect two coordinates and might wish
+ to iterate over these edges. While doing so, we would like the source and
+ target of the edges to be set to two different variables.
+
+ To achieve this, you can use the following syntax: The \meta{variables} may
+ not only be a single \TeX-variable. Instead, it can also be a list of
+ variables separated by slashes (|/|). In this case the list items can also
+ be lists of values separated by slashes.
+
+ Assuming that the \meta{variables} and the list items are lists of values,
+ each time the \meta{commands} are executed, each of the variables in
+ \meta{variables} is set to one part of the list making up the current list
+ item. Here is an example to clarify this:
+
+ \example |\foreach \x / \y in {1/2,a/b} {``\x\ and \y''}| yields
+ \foreach \x / \y in {1/2,a/b} {``\x\ and \y''}.
+
+ If some entry in the \meta{list} does not have ``enough'' slashes, the last
+ entry will be repeated. Here is an example:
+ %
\begin{codeexample}[]
\begin{tikzpicture}
\foreach \x/\xtext in {0,...,3,2.72 / e}
@@ -238,7 +231,8 @@ automatically by \tikzname, but not by \pgfname:
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{codeexample}
- Here are more useful examples:
+ Here are more useful examples:
+ %
\begin{codeexample}[]
\begin{tikzpicture}
% Define some coordinates:
@@ -293,30 +287,30 @@ automatically by \tikzname, but not by \pgfname:
\shade[ball color=\cola!50!\colb] (\x,\y) circle (0.4cm);
\end{codeexample}
- \medskip
- \textbf{Options to customize the foreach-statement.}
-
- The keys described below can be used in the \meta{options} argument
- to the |\foreach| command. They all have the path |/pgf/foreach/|,
- however, the path is set automatically when \meta{options} are
- parsed, so it does not have to be explicitly stated.
-
-\begin{key}{/pgf/foreach/var=\meta{variable}}
- This key provides an alternative way to specify variables:
- |\foreach [var=\x,var=\y]| is the same as |\foreach \x/\y|.
- If used, this key should be used before the other keys.
-\end{key}
-
-\begin{key}{/pgf/foreach/evaluate=\meta{variable}| |\opt{|as |\meta{macro}| using |\meta{formula}}}
- By default, list items are not evaluated: |1+2|, yields |1+2|,
- not |3|. This key allows a variable to be evaluated using the
- mathematical engine. The variable must have been specified either
- using the |var| key or in the \meta{variables} argument of the
- |foreach| command.
- By default, the result of the evaluation will be stored in
- \meta{variable}. However, the optional |as |\meta{macro} statement
- can be used to store the result in \meta{macro}.
+ \medskip
+ \textbf{Options to customize the foreach-statement.}
+
+ The keys described below can be used in the \meta{options} argument to the
+ |\foreach| command. They all have the path |/pgf/foreach/|, however, the
+ path is set automatically when \meta{options} are parsed, so it does not
+ have to be explicitly stated.
+
+ \begin{key}{/pgf/foreach/var=\meta{variable}}
+ This key provides an alternative way to specify variables:
+ |\foreach [var=\x,var=\y]| is the same as |\foreach \x/\y|. If used,
+ this key should be used before the other keys.
+ \end{key}
+
+ \begin{key}{/pgf/foreach/evaluate=\meta{variable}| |\opt{|as |\meta{macro}| using |\meta{formula}}}
+ By default, list items are not evaluated: |1+2|, yields |1+2|, not |3|.
+ This key allows a variable to be evaluated using the mathematical
+ engine. The variable must have been specified either using the |var|
+ key or in the \meta{variables} argument of the |foreach| command. By
+ default, the result of the evaluation will be stored in
+ \meta{variable}. However, the optional |as |\meta{macro} statement can
+ be used to store the result in \meta{macro}.
+ %
\begin{codeexample}[]
\foreach \x [evaluate=\x] in {2^0,2^...,2^8}{$\x$, }
\end{codeexample}
@@ -325,38 +319,37 @@ automatically by \tikzname, but not by \pgfname:
\foreach \x [evaluate=\x as \xeval] in {2^0,2^...,2^8}{$\x=\xeval$, }
\end{codeexample}
- The optional |using |\meta{formula} statement means an evaluation
- does not have to be explicitly stated for each item in \meta{list}.
- The \meta{formula} should contain at least one reference to
- \meta{variable}.
-
+ The optional |using |\meta{formula} statement means an evaluation does
+ not have to be explicitly stated for each item in \meta{list}. The
+ \meta{formula} should contain at least one reference to
+ \meta{variable}.
+ %
\begin{codeexample}[]
\tikz\foreach \x [evaluate=\x as \shade using \x*10] in {0,1,...,10}
\node [fill=red!\shade!yellow, minimum size=0.65cm] at (\x,0) {\x};
\end{codeexample}
-
-\end{key}
-
-\begin{key}{/pgf/foreach/remember=\meta{variable}| as |\meta{macro}| |\opt{|(initially |\meta{value}|)|}}
- This key allows the item value stored in \meta{variable} to be
- remembered during the next iteration, stored in \meta{macro}.
- If a variable is evaluated, the result of this evaluation is
- remembered.
- By default the value of \meta{variable} is zero for the first
- iteration, however, the optional |(initially |\meta{value}|)|
- statement, allows the \meta{macro} to be initially defined
- as \meta{value}.
-
+ %
+ \end{key}
+
+ \begin{key}{/pgf/foreach/remember=\meta{variable}| as |\meta{macro}| |\opt{|(initially |\meta{value}|)|}}
+ This key allows the item value stored in \meta{variable} to be
+ remembered during the next iteration, stored in \meta{macro}. If a
+ variable is evaluated, the result of this evaluation is remembered. By
+ default the value of \meta{variable} is zero for the first iteration,
+ however, the optional |(initially |\meta{value}|)| statement, allows
+ the \meta{macro} to be initially defined as \meta{value}.
+ %
\begin{codeexample}[]
\foreach \x [remember=\x as \lastx (initially A)] in {B,...,H}{$\overrightarrow{\lastx\x}$, }
\end{codeexample}
-\end{key}
-
-\begin{key}{/pgf/foreach/count=\meta{macro}| |\opt{|from |\meta{value}}}
- This key allows \meta{macro} to hold the position in the list of
- the current item. The optional |from |\meta{value} statement allows
- the counting to begin from \meta{value}.
-
+ %
+ \end{key}
+
+ \begin{key}{/pgf/foreach/count=\meta{macro}| |\opt{|from |\meta{value}}}
+ This key allows \meta{macro} to hold the position in the list of the
+ current item. The optional |from |\meta{value} statement allows the
+ counting to begin from \meta{value}.
+ %
\begin{codeexample}[]
\tikz[x=0.75cm,y=0.75cm]
\foreach \x [count=\xi] in {a,...,e}
@@ -364,18 +357,16 @@ automatically by \tikzname, but not by \pgfname:
\node [draw, top color=white, bottom color=blue!50, minimum size=0.666cm]
at (\xi,-\yi) {$\mathstrut\x\y$};
\end{codeexample}
-\end{key}
-
+ %
+ \end{key}
\end{command}
-
\begin{command}{\breakforeach}
- If this command is given inside a |\foreach| command, no further
- executions of the \meta{commands} will occur. However, the current
- execution of the \meta{commands} is continued normally, so it is
- probably best to use this command only at the end of a |\foreach|
- command.
-
+ If this command is given inside a |\foreach| command, no further executions
+ of the \meta{commands} will occur. However, the current execution of the
+ \meta{commands} is continued normally, so it is probably best to use this
+ command only at the end of a |\foreach| command.
+ %
\begin{codeexample}[]
\begin{tikzpicture}
\foreach \x in {1,...,4}
@@ -389,5 +380,5 @@ automatically by \tikzname, but not by \pgfname:
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{codeexample}
-
+ %
\end{command}