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diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/lfb/README b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/lfb/README new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..13ecc7b2c27 --- /dev/null +++ b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/fonts/lfb/README @@ -0,0 +1,193 @@ +Note on distribution: + +This is a Greek font I wrote in METAFONT several years ago after being +inspired by the Bodoni typefaces I had seen in the old books in my school +library. It is stylistically a little more exotic than the standard +textbook greek fonts, particularly in glyphs like the lowercase rho and +kappa. It aims for a rather calligraphic feel, but I also think it blends +well with Computer Modern. + +I included a ligature scheme which automatically inserts the breathings +required for ancient texts, making the input text more readable than in +some schemes. Since it is now de rigueur to use outline fonts, I have +largely abandoned this project, but I hope someone finds it useful. + +I'd better give this a version number, say 1.0, although that does give +a false impression of continuous development, which most certainly is +not the case. I've put it under the LaTeX Project Public Licence, +of which you can read the latest version at + http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt + +Laurie Field +laurie [dot] field [at] gmail [dot] com +June 2005 + +------------------------------- + +LFB: + +A new greek font for TeX, in regular and bold variants. All classical +accents and diacritic marks are available and built into the ligature table +of the font; hence no TeX input file is necessary to use the diacritical +marks. + + +Simple use in plain TeX: + +(sorry, I can't be bothered to make the relevant LaTeX fd files, etc., +although it wouldn't be hard.) Declare the font you want to use (eg. +\font\greek=lfb10). Then simply switch to that font and start typing. +The conventions for greek input are explained below. + + +Contents: + +MF: metafont source files, in fairly amateurish code. Run mf on lfb*.mf or +lfbb*.mf to produce more tfm/pk files. + +TFM: ready-made font metric files, for those who can't produce their own. + +PK: ready-made bitmap files at 600dpi and standard magnification. + +lfbacc.tex: a few TeX definitions for more obscure accent combinations +(namely, alpha, iota, and upsilon with macron/breve AND accent and/or +breathing.) These are faked with TeX's accent mechanism, since there is no +room for them in the font. + +example.tex: sample text (to get an idea of the input conventions and of +the design of the glyphs). Taken from Xenophon's Anabasis, book 2, +I: 1-9. + +example.pdf: my output from example.tex (using pdftex with 600dpi fonts). Because the fonts are bitmapped, it'll look terrible in a pdf viewer so it's best to print it out - or better still, install the metafont files and let your installation produce the correct fonts for your printer setup. + + +Input conventions: + +This font uses yet another greek input mapping, incompatible with existing +ones. (However, if you wanted to use Ibycus or GreekTeX mappings, for +instance, it would be possible to create VF files to perform the conversion.) +I personally like this encoding because it is easy to type words in a +simple transliteration scheme and fewer nonletters are necessary than in +other schemes. This is done with a complex Metafont ligature table so that +none of the conversion is done by TeX macros (except when macron/breve are +necessary with other diacritical marks, as explained before.) The +advantage of this is that it is quick to process, no TeX input files +are needed, and the input is legible with no backslashes etc. + +Ordinary letters are expressed thus: + +greek letter ascii input (lowercase/capital) +alpha a/A +beta b/B +gamma g/G +delta d/D +epsilon e/E +zeta z/Z +eta j/J +theta th or q/TH or Th or Q +iota i/I (see below for iota subscript) +kappa k/K +lambda l/L +mu m/M +nu n/N +xi x or ks/X or KS or Ks +omikron o/O +pi p/P +rho r/R +sigma s/S +tau t/T +upsilon u/U +phi ph or f/PH or Ph or F +khi kh or ch or c/KH or Kh or CH or Ch or C +psi ps or y/PS or Ps or Y +omega w/W + +Breaking ligatures: The vertical bar character | has been specially defined +so that it can be placed between any two characters which would otherwise +be joined; this includes letters like ks for xi (k|s will give kappa sigma) +and all ligatured diacritical marks (a' gives alpha-acute, a|' gives alpha +apostrophe). It can also be placed at the beginning of a word to prevent +the default smooth breathing (useful in all-capital titles) or at the end +of a word to prevent sigma adopting its final form. + +Breathings: Normally a smooth breathing is automatically placed on an +initial vowel (except rho which is rough by default). Place an h or H +before a vowel to give it a rough breathing (note that whether you use h +or H is immaterial to the result; hence Herakles must be input HJraklj=s +or hJraklj=s since Hjraklj=s will give a lowercase eta). The font is +configured so that accents, breathings etc. automatically shift to the +second letter of a diphthong unless told otherwise (using |). To force a +smooth breathing (for instance in crasis) use *; hence t*ou'noma for +to` o'noma. +NOTE: Words beginning with a capital which have a diphthong must be entered +quite clumsily, since the ligature scheme cannot detect an (implicit or +explicit) breathing character more than one place before the vowel it +should ligature with. The breathing must be cancelled with | and +reinserted later with * or h. Hence Eu'boia will insert the breathing +before the E and you should type |E*u'boia instead. If you wanted a +capitalised aorist of heuri'skw, you should not type HJu=ron but |Jhu=ron. +(Sorry but at present I can't think of a way to fix this since metafont +ligature tables are quite rigid and poorly adapted to such obscure +situations.) + +Accents: Use apostrophe (') for acute, backquote (`) for grave and equals +sign (=) for circumflex. Insert these after the vowel. + +Diaeresis: Use double quotes (") immediately before the vowel. You can also +put it directly after the vowel (before any accents) but this doesn't work +at the beginnings of words which look (to the computer) like they start with +diphthongs, since the ligature table tries to put a smooth breathing on +the second vowel before it sees the diaeresis, and there is no way to +bring the breathing back; hence you must use e"u'thronos, not eu"'thronos. +(e|u"'thronos would work but is ugly.) + +Iota subscript: Use a slash (/) after the vowel and accents. (This is +implemented, as in Ibycus, as a character kerned underneath rather than +separately generated characters to save space; thus if it comes directly +after the vowel it will stop subsequent accents from ligaturing.) + +Macron and breve: Use colon (:) for macron and plus sign (+) for breve, in +the same place as you would put the accent. They can be put on any vowel, +even epsilon, eta, omikron and omega; perhaps this would be useful for +metrical reasons. All the same, I don't anticipate them being used very +often, and if you need to combine them with another accent or breathing or +both, you need to use TeX's accent mechanism, since I couldn't fit the +extra characters in the font (and even if I could, it would be boring to +add the extra code necessary). There is a small file included, lfbacc.tex, +which contains a few definitions: + \smo smooth breathing \rou rough breathing + \acu acute \gra grave + \sma smooth acute \smg smooth grave + \roa rough acute \rog rough grave +combined with any of: + \sha alpha breve \lga alpha macron + \shi iota breve \lgi iota macron + \shu upsilon breve \lgu upsilon macron +will give a shaky rendition of these combinations. I realize this is +incredibly clumsy but it's not too bad for odds and ends; they are rarely +used in Greek texts anyway, so it shouldn't be too big a limitation. (There +would be other ways around this but, again, it's not worth the effort.) + +Punctuation marks: Use comma (,) and full stop (.) normally. A question +mark (?) gives a Greek question mark which looks like an English +semicolon; an ascii semicolon (;) gives the Greek equivalent which is like a +full stop but above the line. Don't use colon (:), as this is used for +macrons on vowels. I've also included some others for convenience: +apostrophe (') and backquote (`) when not ligatured to vowels will give the +traditional punctuation marks; two put together give open and close +quotation marks, as in plain TeX. Hyphen (-) is available, and two together +give an em-dash; I haven't included an en-dash (you can get it from +Computer Modern if really necessary.) There are also very crude +parentheses ( ( and ) ) and brackets ( [ and ] ) but again, you're better +off borrowing the better-looking ones from Computer Modern. + + +Future wish list: +- digamma, koppa and other rare characters +- angle brackets, dagger and dots under letters +- a better mechanism for macron/breve with other diacritics +- fix capitalised diphthong with breathing problem + + +Have fun +- Laurie Field, April 2001 |