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-\startcomponent co-en-12
-
-\environment contextref-env
-\product contextref
-
-\chapter[lines,frames]{Lines and frames}
-
-\section{Introduction}
-
-\TEX\ has an enormous capacity in handling text, but is very
-weak at handling graphical information. Lines can be handled
-adequately as long as you use vertical or horizontal lines.
-However, you can do graphical work with \TEX\ by combining
-\TEX\ and \METAPOST.
-
-In this chapter we introduce a number of commands that
-relate to drawing straight lines in your text. We will see a
-very sophisticated command \type {\framed} that can be used
-in many ways. The parameters of this command are also
-available in other commands.
-
-\section[single lines]{Single lines}
-\index{lines}
-\macro{\tex{hairline}}
-\macro{\tex{thinrule}}
-\macro{\tex{thinrules}}
-\macro{\tex{setupthinrules}}
-\macro{\tex{vl}}
-\macro{\tex{hl}}
-
-The simplest way to draw a line in \CONTEXT\ is:
-
-\showsetup{hairline}
-
-For example:
-
-\startbuffer
-\hairline
-In what fairy tale is the wolf cut open and filled with stones? Was it in
-{Little Red Riding-hood} or in \quote {The wolf and the seven goats}.
-\hairline
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-This will become:
-
-\startreality
-\getbuffer
-\stopreality
-
-It does not look good at all. This is caused by the fact
-that a drawn line gets its own vertical whitespace.
-In \in{section}[textlines] we will show how to alter this.
-
-The effects of the command \type{\hairline} is best
-illustrated when we visualize \type{\strut}'s. We did so by
-saying \type {\showstruts} first.
-
-\page \message{harde paginaovergang ivm toonstrut}
-
-\startreality
-{\showstruts\hairline}
-A strut is a character with a maximum height and depth, but
-no width. The text in this example is surrounded by two
-strutted lines.
-{\showstruts\hairline}
-\stopreality
-
-It is also possible to draw a line over the width of the
-actual paragraph:
-
-\showsetup{thinrule}
-
-Or more than one lines by:
-
-\showsetup{thinrules}
-
-For example:
-
-\startbuffer
-\startitemize
-\item question 1 \par \thinrules[n=2]
-\item question 2 \par \thinrules[n=2]
-\stopitemize
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-If you leave out a \type {\par} (or empty line), the thin
-rules come after the text. Compare
-
-\getbuffer
-
-with
-
-\startbuffer
-\startitemize
-\item question 1 \thinrules[n=2]
-\item question 2 \thinrules[n=2]
-\stopitemize
-\stopbuffer
-
-\getbuffer
-
-The last example was keyed in as:
-
-\typebuffer
-
-The parameters are set with:
-
-\showsetup{setupthinrules}
-
-You can draw thin vertical or horizontal lines with the
-commands:
-
-\showsetup{vl}
-
-\showsetup{hl}
-
-The argument is optional. To \type{\vl} (\hbox spread .5em
-{\hss \vl \hss}) you may pass a factor that relates to the
-actual height of a line and to \type{\hl} (\hbox spread .5em
-{\hss \hl \hss}) a width that relates to the width of an em.
-So \type {\vl[2]} produces a rule with a height of two lines.
-
-\section[fill in rules]{Fill in rules}
-\index{lines}
-\index{questionnaire}
-\macro{\tex{fillinline}}
-\macro{\tex{fillinrules}}
-\macro{\tex{setupfillinline}}
-\macro{\tex{setupfillinrules}}
-
-On behalf of questionnaires there is the command:
-
-\showsetup{fillinline}
-
-With the accompanying setup command:
-
-\showsetup{setupfillinlines}
-
-The example:
-
-\startbuffer
-\fillinline[n=2,width=2cm]{name} \par
-\fillinline[n=2,width=2cm]{address} \par
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-Leads to the next list:
-
-\startreality
-\getbuffer
-\stopreality
-
-An alternative is wanting the fill||in rule at the end of a
-paragraph. Then you use the commands:
-
-\showsetup{fillinrules}
-
-\showsetup{setupfillinrules}
-
-The next example will show the implications:
-
-\startbuffer
-\fillinline[width=3cm] Consumers in this shopping mall are frequently
-confronted with questionnaires. Our hypothesis is that consumers rather
-shop somewhere else than answer these kind of questionnaires. Do you
-agree with this?
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-In this example we could of course have offered some
-alternatives for answering this question. By setting the
-width to \type {broad}, we get
-
-\startreality
-\getbuffer\par
-\stopreality
-
-The next set of examples demonstrate how we can influence the
-layout.
-
-\startbuffer
-\fillinrules[n=2,width=fit]{first}
-\fillinrules[n=2,width=broad]{first}
-\fillinrules[n=2,width=3cm]{first}
-\fillinrules[n=2,width=fit,distance=.5em,separator=:]{first}
-\fillinrules[n=2,width=broad,distance=.5em]{first}{last}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\typebuffer
-
-\getbuffer
-
-\section[textlines]{Text lines}
-\macro{\tex{textrule}}
-\macro{\tex{setuptextruleen}}
-
-A text line is drawn just before and/or after a paragraph.
-The upper line may also contain text. The command is:
-
-\showsetup{textrule}
-
-An example:
-
-\startbuffer
-\textrule[top]{Instruments}
-Some artists mention the instruments that they use during the production
-of their \kap{CD}. In Peter Gabriel's \quote {Digging in the dust} he used
-the {\em diembe}, {\em tama} and {\em surdu}. The information on another
-song mentions the {\em doudouk}. Other \quote {unknown} instruments are
-used on his \kap{cd} \quote {Passion}.
-\textrule
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-This will result in:
-
-\getbuffer
-
-The behaviour of textlines is set up with the command below.
-With the parameter \type{width} you set the length of the
-line in front of the text.
-
-\showsetup{setuptextrules}
-
-These is also a \type {\start}||\type {\stop} alternative.
-This one also honors the \type {bodyfont} parameter.
-
-\showsetup{starttextrule}
-
-\section[underline,overline,overstrike]{Underline}
-\index{underline}
-\index{overstrike}
-\macro{\tex{underbar}}
-\macro{\tex{underbars}}
-\macro{\tex{overstrike}}
-\macro{\tex{overstrikes}}
-
-Underlining text is not such an ideal method to banner your
-text. Nevertheless we introduced this feature in \CONTEXT.
-Here is how it \underbar{works}. We use:
-
-\showsetup{underbar}
-
-\startbuffer
-\underbar {A disadvantage of this command is that words can \underbar
-{no} longer be hyphenated. This is a nasty side||effect. But we do
-support \underbar {nested} underlining.}
-
-\underbars {The spaces in the last paragraph were also underlined. If
-we do not want that in this paragraph we use:}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\getbuffer
-
-\showsetup{underbars}
-
-From the input we can see that the hyphen results from the
-compound word.
-
-\typebuffer
-
-The counterpart of these commands are:
-
-\showsetup{overbar}
-
-\showsetup{overbars}
-
-You may wonder for what reasons we introduced these commands.
-The reasons are mainly financial:
-
-\startbuffer
-\starttabulate[|l|r|]
-\NC product 1 \NC 1.420 \NC \NR
-\NC product 2 \NC 3.182 \NC \NR
-\NC total \NC \overbar{4.602} \NC \NR
-\stoptabulate
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startreality
-\getbuffer
-\stopreality
-
-This financial overview is made with:
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-The number of parameters in these commands is limited:
-
-\showsetup{setupunderbar}
-
-The alternatives are:
-{\setupunderbar [alternative=a]\underbar {alternative~a},
- \setupunderbar [alternative=b]\underbar {alternative~b},
- \setupunderbar [alternative=c]\underbar {alternative~c}}
-while another line thickness results in:
-{\setupunderbar [rulethickness=1pt]\underbar {1pt~line},
- \setupunderbar [rulethickness=2pt]\underbar {2pt~line}}.
-
-A part of the text can be \overstrike {striked} with the
-command:
-
-\showsetup{overstrike}
-
-This command supports no nesting. Single \overstrikes {words
-are striked} with:
-
-\showsetup{overstrikes}
-
-\section[framing,stp:framed]{Framing}
-\index{framing}
-\index{frames}
-\macro{\tex{setupframedin}}
-\macro{\tex{framed}}
-\macro{\tex{inframed}}
-
-Texts can be framed with the command: \type{\framed}. In its
-most simple form the command looks like this:
-
-\startbuffer
-\framed{A button in an interactive document is a framed text
-with specific characteristics.}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-The becomes:
-
-\startlinecorrection
-\getbuffer
-\stoplinecorrection
-
-The complete definition of this command is:
-
-\showsetup{framed}
-
-You may notice that all arguments are optional.
-
-\startbuffer
-\framed
- [height=broad]
- {A framed text always needs special attention as far as the spacing
- is concerned.}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-Here is the output of the previous source code:
-
-\startlinecorrection
-\getbuffer
-\stoplinecorrection
-
-For the height, the values \type {fit} and \type {broad} have
-the same results. So:
-
-\startbuffer
-\hbox
- {\framed[height=broad]{Is this the spacing we want?}
- \hskip1em
- \framed[height=fit] {Or isn't it?}}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\typebuffer
-
-will give us:
-
-\startlinecorrection
-\getbuffer
-\stoplinecorrection
-
-To obtain a comparable layout between framed and non||framed
-framing can be set on and off.
-
-\startlinecorrection
-\hbox{\framed[width=2cm,frame=on]{yes}
- \framed[width=2cm,frame=off]{no}
- \framed[width=2cm,frame=on]{yes}}
-\hbox{\framed[width=2cm,frame=off]{no}
- \framed[width=2cm,frame=on]{yes}
- \framed[width=2cm,frame=off]{no}}
-\stoplinecorrection
-
-The rulethickness is set with the command \type
-{\setuprulethickness} (see \in{section}[rulethickness]).
-
-A framed text is typeset \quote {on top of} the baseline.
-When you want real alignment you can use the command
-\type{\inframed}.
-
-\startbuffer
-to \framed{frame} or to be \inframed{framed}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-or:
-
-\startreality
-\getbuffer
-\stopreality
-
-It is possible to draw parts of the frame. In that case you
-have to specify the separate sides of the frame with \type
-{leftframe=on} and the alike.
-
-We will now show some alternatives of the command \type
-{\framed}. Please notice the influence of \type {offset}.
-When no value is given, the offset is determined by the
-height and depth of the \type {\strut}, that virtual
-character with a maximum height and depth with no width.
-When exact positioning is needed within a frame you set
-\type {offset} at \type {none} (see also \in {tables}
-[tab:strut 1], \in [tab:strut 2] \in {and} [tab:strut 3]).
-Setting the \type {offset} to \type {none} or \type
-{overlay}, will also disable the strut.
-
-\def\toonframed[#1]%
- {\leavevmode\framed[#1]{\tttf#1}\par}
-
-\startpacked
-\toonframed[width=fit]
-\toonframed[width=broad]
-\toonframed[width=8cm,height=1.5em]
-\toonframed[offset=5pt]
-\toonframed[offset=0pt]
-\toonframed[offset=none]
-\toonframed[offset=overlay]
-\toonframed[width=8cm,height=1.5em,offset=0pt]
-\toonframed[width=8cm,height=1.5em,offset=none]
-\stoppacked
-
-The commands \type {\lbox} (ragged left), \type {\cbox}
-(ragged center) and \type {\rbox} (ragged right) can be
-combined with \type {\framed}:
-
-\startbuffer[examp-1]
-\framed
- [width=.2\hsize,height=3cm]
- {\lbox to 2.5cm{\hsize2.5cm left\\of the\\middle}}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startbuffer[examp-2]
-\framed
- [width=.2\hsize,height=3cm]
- {\cbox to 2.5cm{\hsize2.5cm just\\in the\\middle}}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startbuffer[examp-3]
-\framed
- [width=.2\hsize,height=3cm]
- {\rbox to 2.5cm{\hsize2.5cm right\\of the\\middle}}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startlinecorrection
-\startcombination[3]
- {\getbuffer[examp-1]} {\type{\lbox}}
- {\getbuffer[examp-2]} {\type{\cbox}}
- {\getbuffer[examp-3]} {\type{\rbox}}
-\stopcombination
-\stoplinecorrection
-
-The second text is typed as follows:
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer[examp-2]
-\stopexample
-
-There is a more convenient way to align a text, since we
-have the parameters \type {align} and \type{top} and
-\type{bottom}. In the next one shows the influence of \type
-{top} and \type {bottom} (the second case is the default).
-
-\startbuffer
-\setupframed[width=.2\hsize,height=3cm,align=middle]
-\startcombination[4]
- {\framed[bottom=\vss,top=\vss]{just\\in the\\middle}}
- {\type{top=\vss}\crlf\type{bottom=\vss}}
- {\framed[bottom=\vss,top=] {just\\in the\\middle}}
- {\type{top=} \crlf\type{bottom=\vss}}
- {\framed[bottom=,top=\vss] {just\\in the\\middle}}
- {\type{top=\vss}\crlf\type{top=}}
- {\framed[bottom=,top=] {just\\in the\\middle}}
- {\type{top=} \crlf\type{bottom=}}
-\stopcombination
-\stopbuffer
-
-\typebuffer
-
-\startlinecorrection
-\getbuffer
-\stoplinecorrection
-
-In the background of a framed text you can place a screen or
-a coloured background by setting \type {background} at \type
-{color} or \type {screen}. Don't forget to activate the the
-colour mechanism by saying (\type
-{\setupcolors[state=start]}).
-
-\start
-\setupframed[width=5cm,height=1cm]
-\startlinecorrection
-\startcombination[2*2]
- {\framed
- [background=screen]
- {\tfb In the}}
- {\tttf background=screen}
- {\framed
- [background=screen,backgroundscreen=0.7]
- {\tfb dark}}
- {\tttf background=screen \endgraf backgroundscreen=0.7}
- {\framed
- [background=color]
- {\tfb all cats}}
- {\tttf background=color}
- {\framed
- [background=color,backgroundcolor=red]
- {\tfb are grey.}}
- {\tttf background=color \endgraf backgroundcolor=red}
-\stopcombination
-\stoplinecorrection
-\stop
-
-There is also an option to enlarge a frame or the background
-by setting the \type {frameoffset} and|/|or \type
-{backgroundoffset}. These do not influence the dimensions.
-Next to screens and colours you can also use your own kind
-of backgrounds. This mechanism is described in \in {section}
-[overlays].
-
-The command \type{\framed} itself can be an argument
-of \type{\framed}. We will obtain a framed frame.
-
-\startbuffer[examp-1]
-\framed
- [width=3cm,height=3cm]
- {\framed[width=2.5cm,height=2.5cm]{hello world}}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer[examp-1]
-\stopexample
-
-In that case the second frame is somewhat larger than
-expected. This is caused by the fact that the first framed
-has a strut. This strut is placed automatically to enable
-typesetting one framed text next to another. We suppress
-\type{\strut} with:
-
-\startbuffer[examp-2]
-\framed
- [width=3cm,height=3cm,strut=no]
- {\framed[width=2.5cm,height=2.5cm]{hello world}}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer[examp-2]
-\stopexample
-
-When both examples are placed close to one another we see the
-difference:
-
-\startlinecorrection
-\startcombination
- {\showstruts\getbuffer[examp-1]} {\type{strut=yes}}
- {\showstruts\getbuffer[examp-2]} {\type{strut=no}}
-\stopcombination
-\stoplinecorrection
-
-A \type {\hairline} is normally draw over the complete width
-of a text (\type{\hsize}). Within a frame the line is drawn
-from the left to the right of framed box.
-
-Consequently the code:
-
-\startbuffer
-\framed[width=8cm,align=middle]
- {when you read between the lines \hairline
- you may see what effort it takes \hairline
- to write a macropackage}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\typebuffer
-
-produces the following output:
-
-\startlinecorrection
-\getbuffer
-\stoplinecorrection
-
-When no width is specified only the vertical lines are
-displayed.
-
-\startbuffer
-\framed
- {their opinions \hairline differ \hairline considerately}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startlinecorrection
-\getbuffer
-\stoplinecorrection
-
-Which was obtained with:
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-The default setup of \type{\framed} can be changed with
-the command:
-
-\showsetup{setupframed}
-
-The command \type{\framed} is used within many other
-commands. The combined use of \type{offset} and \type{strut}
-may be very confusing. It really pays off to spend some time
-playing with these macros and parameters, since you will
-meet \type {\framed} in many other commands. Also, the
-parameters \type{width} and \type{height} are very important
-for the framing texts. For that reason we summarize the
-consequences of their settings in \in {table} [tab:strut 1],
-\in [tab:strut 2] \in {and} [tab:strut 3].
-
-\startbuffer[table]
-\starttable[|c|c|c|c|c|c|]
-\HL
-\VL
-\VL \VL \FOUR{\tt offset} \VL\SR
-\DC \DC \DL[4] \DR
-\VL \VL \VL \tt .25ex
- \VL \tt 0pt
- \VL \tt none
- \VL \tt overlay \VL\SR
-\HL
-\VL \LOW{\tt strut} \VL \tt yes \VL \o[yes,.25ex]
- \VL \o[yes,0pt]
- \VL \o[yes,none]
- \VL \o[yes,overlay] \VL\SR
-\DC \DL[1] \DC\DC\DC\DR
-\VL \VL \tt no \VL \o[no,.25ex]
- \VL \o[no,0pt]
- \VL \o[no,none]
- \VL \o[no,overlay] \VL\SR
-\HL
-\stoptable
-\stopbuffer
-
-\placetable
- [here][tab:strut 1]
- {The influence of \type{strut} and \type{offset} in
- \type{\framed} (1).}
- {\def\o[#1,#2]{\framed[strut=#1,offset=#2]{}}
- \getbuffer[table]}
-
-\placetable
- [here][tab:strut 2]
- {The influence of \type{strut} and \type{offset} in
- \type{\framed} (2).}
- {\def\o[#1,#2]{\framed[strut=#1,offset=#2]{\TeX}}
- \getbuffer[table]}
-
-\startbuffer[table]
-\starttable[|c|c|c|c|]
-\HL
-\VL
-\VL \VL
- \TWO{\tt width} \VL\SR
-\DC \DC \DL[2] \DR
-\VL \VL
- \VL
- \tt fit \VL
- \tt broad (\string\hsize=4cm) \VL\SR
-\HL
-\VL \LOW{\tt height} \VL
- \tt fit \VL
- \o[fit,fit] \VL
- \hsize=4cm \o[fit,broad] \VL\SR
-\DC \DL[1] \DC\DR
-\VL \VL
- \tt broad \VL
- \o[broad,fit] \VL
- \hsize=4cm \o[broad,broad] \VL\SR
-\HL
-\stoptable
-\stopbuffer
-
-\placetable
- [here][tab:strut 3]
- {The influence of \type{height} and \type{width} in
- \type{\framed}.}
- {\def\o[#1,#2]{\framed[height=#1,width=#2]{xxxx}}
- \getbuffer[table]}
-
-\startbuffer
-\placefigure
- [left]
- {none}
- {\framed[align=middle]{happy\\birthday\\to you}}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\getbuffer
-
-At first sight it is not so obvious that \type {\framed} can
-determine the width of a paragraph by itself. When we set
-the parameter \type {align} the paragraph is first typeset
-and then framed. This feature valuable when typesetting
-titlepages. In the example left of this text, linebreaks are
-forced by \type {\\}, but this is not mandatory. This
-example was coded as follows:
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-The parameter \type {offset} needs some special attention.
-By default it is set at \type {.25ex}, based on the
-cureently selected font. The next examples will illustrate
-this:
-
-\startbuffer
-\hbox{\bf \framed{test} \sl \framed{test} \tfa \framed{test}}
-\hbox{\framed{\bf test} \framed{\sl test} \framed{\tfa test}}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-The value of \type{1ex} outside \type{\framed} determines
-the offset. This suits our purpose well.
-
-\startlinecorrection
-\getbuffer
-\stoplinecorrection
-
-The differences are very subtle. The distance between the
-framed boxes depends on the actual font size,
-the dimensions of the frame, the offset, and the strut.
-
-\TEX\ can only draw straight lines. Curves are drawn with
-small line pieces and effects the size of \DVI||files
-considerately and will cause long processing times. Curves in
-\CONTEXT\ are implemented by means of \POSTSCRIPT. There are
-two parameters that affect curves: \type{corner} and
-\type{radius}. When \type{corner} is set at \type{round},
-round curves are drawn.
-
-\startlinecorrection
-\framed[corner=round]{Don't be to edgy.}
-\stoplinecorrection
-
-It is also possible to draw circles by setting \type{radius}
-at half the width or height. But do not use this command for
-drawing, it is meant for framing text. Use \METAPOST\
-instead.
-
-Technically speaking the background, the frame and the text
-are separate components of a framed text. First the
-background is set, then the text and at the last instance the
-frame. The curved corner of a frame belongs to the frame and
-is not influenced by the text. As long as the radius is
-smaller than the offset no problems will occur.
-
-\section[framed texts]{Framed texts}
-\index{framing}
-\index{frames}
-\macro{\tex{defineframedtext}}
-\macro{\tex{setupframedtexts}}
-\macro{\tex{startframedtext}}
-
-When you feel the urge to put a frame around or a backgroud
-behind a paragraph there is the command:
-
-\showsetup{startframedtext}
-
-An application may look like this:
-
-\startbuffer
-\startframedtext[left]
-From an experiment that was conducted by C. van Noort (1993) it was
-shown that the use of intermezzos as an attention enhancer is not very
-effective.
-\stopframedtext
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-\getbuffer % geen zinnetje ervoor
-
-This can be set up with:
-
-\showsetup{setupframedtexts}
-
-Framed texts can be combined with the place block mechanism,
-as can be seen in \in {intermezzo} [int:demo 1].
-
-\startbuffer
-\placeintermezzo
- [here][int:demo 1]
- {An example of an intermezzo.}
- \startframedtext
- For millions of years mankind lived just like animals. Then
- something happened, which unleashed the power of our imagination.
- We learned to talk.
- \blank
- \rightaligned{--- The Division Bell / Pink Floyd}
- \stopframedtext
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-In this case the location of the framed text (between
-\setchars) is left out.
-
-\getbuffer
-
-You can also draw a partial frame. The following setup
-produces \in {intermezzo} [int:demo 2].
-
-\startexample
-\starttyping
-\setupframedtexts[frame=off,topframe=on,leftframe=on]
-\stoptyping
-\stopexample
-
-\start
-\setupframedtexts[frame=off,topframe=on,leftframe=on]
-\placeintermezzo
- [here][int:demo 2]
- {An example of an intermezzo.}
-\startframedtext
-Why are the world leaders not moved by songs like {\em Wozu sind Kriege
-da?} by Udo Lindenberg. I was, and now I wonder why wars go on and on.
-\stopframedtext
-\stop
-
-You can also use a background. When the background is active
-it looks better to omit the frame.
-
-\start
-\setupframedtexts[frame=off,background=screen]
-\placeintermezzo
- [here][]
- {An example of an intermezzo with background.}
-\startframedtext
-An intermezzo like this will draw more attention, but the readability
-is far from optimal. However, you read can it. This inermezzo was set
-up with :
-
-\starttyping
-\setupframedtexts[frame=off,background=screen]
-\stoptyping
-\stopframedtext
-\stop
-
-\in {Intermezzo} [int:color] demonstrate how to use some
-color:
-
-\startbuffer
-\setupframedtexts
- [background=screen,
- frame=off,
- rightframe=on,
- framecolor=darkgreen,
- rulethickness=3pt]
-
-\placeintermezzo
- [here][int:color]
- {An example of an intermezzo with a trick.}
- \startframedtext
- The trick is really very simple. But the fun is gone when Tom, Dick
- and Harry would use it too.
- \stopframedtext
-\stopbuffer
-
-\typebuffer
-
-\getbuffer
-
-So, in order to get a partial frame, we have to set the whole
-\type {frame} to \type {off}. This is an example of a
-situation where we can get a bit more readable source when
-we say:
-
-\startbuffer
-\startbuffer
-\startframedtext ... \stopframedtext
-\stopbuffer
-
-\placeintermezzo
- [here][int:color]
- {An example of an intermezzo with a trick.}{\getbuffer}
-\stopbuffer
-
-\typebuffer
-
-You do not want to set up a framed text every time you need
-it, so there is the following command:
-
-\showsetup{defineframedtext}
-
-\startbuffer
-\defineframedtext
- [musicfragment]
- [frame=off, rightframe=on, leftframe=on]
-
-\placeintermezzo
- [here][]
- {An example of a predefined framed text.}
-\startmusicfragment
-Imagine that there are fragments of music in your interactive document.
-You will not be able to read undisturbed.
-\stopmusicfragment
-\stopbuffer
-
-The definition:
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-results in:
-
-\getbuffer
-
-\section[margin rules]{Margin rules}
-\index{margin+lines}
-\macro{\tex{startmarginrule}}
-\macro{\tex{marginrule}}
-\macro{\tex{setupmarginrule}}
-
-To add some sort of flags to paragraphs you can draw
-vertical lines in the margin. This can be used to indicate
-that the paragraph was altered since the last version. The
-commands are:
-
-\showsetup{startmarginrule}
-
-\showsetup{marginrule}
-
-The first command is used around paragraphs, the second
-within a paragraph.
-
-By specifying a level you can suppress a margin rule. This
-is done by setting the \quote {global} level higher than the
-\quote {local} level.
-
-\showsetup{setupmarginrules}
-
-In the example below we show an application of the use of
-margin rules.
-
-\startbuffer
-\startmarginrule
-The sound of a duck is a good demonstration of how different people
-listen to a sound. Everywhere in Europe the sound is equal. But in
-every country it is described differently: kwaak||kwaak (Netherlands),
-couin||couin (French), gick||gack (German), rap||rap (Danish) and
-mech||mech (Spanish). If you speak these words aloud you will notice
-that \marginrule[4]{in spite of the} consonants the sound is really very
-well described. And what about a cow, does it say boe, mboe or mmmmmm?
-\stopmarginrule
-\stopbuffer
-
-\startexample
-\typebuffer
-\stopexample
-
-Or:\footnote{G.C. Molewijk, Spellingsverandering van zin
-naar onzin (1992).}
-
-\getbuffer
-
-If we would have set \type {\setupmarginrules[level=2]} we
-would have obtained a margin rule in the middle of the
-paragraph. In this example we also see that the thickness of
-the line is adapted to the level. You can undo this feature
-with \type{\setupmarginrules[thickness=1]}.
-
-\section[black rules]{Black rules}
-\index{black rules}
-\macro{\tex{blackrule}}
-\macro{\tex{blackrules}}
-\macro{\tex{setupblackrules}}
-
-Little black boxes |<|we call them black rules|>| (\blackrule)
-can be drawn by \type{\blackrule}:
-
-\showsetup{blackrule}
-
-When the setup is left out, the default setup is used.
-
-\showsetup{setupblackrules}
-
-The height, depth and width of a black rule are in
-accordance with the usual height, depth and width of \TEX.
-When we use the key \type {max} instead of a real value the
-dimensions of \TEX's \type{\strutbox} are used. When we set
-all three dimensions to \type {max} we get: \blackrule
-[width=max, height=max, depth=max].
-
-\inleft{\blackrule}Black rules may have different purposes.
-You can use them as identifiers of sections or subsections.
-This paragraph is tagged by a black rule with default
-dimensions: \type{\inleft{\blackrule}}.
-
-A series of black rules can be typeset by \type{\blackrules}:
-
-\showsetup{blackrules}
-
-\inleft{\blackrules}There are two versions. Version
-\type{a} sets \type{n} black rules next to each other with an
-equal specified width. Version~\type{b} divides the
-specified width over the number of rules. This paragraph is
-tagged with \type {\inleft{\blackrules}}. The setup after
-\type {\blackrule} and \type {\blackrules} are optional.
-
-\section[grids]{Grids}
-\index{grids}
-\index{squares}
-\macro{\tex{grid}}
-
-We can make squared paper (a sort of grid) with the
-command:
-
-\showsetup{grid}
-
-The default setup produces:
-
-\startlinecorrection
-\grid
-\stoplinecorrection
-
-It is used in the background when defining interactive areas
-in a figure. And for the sake of completeness it is
-described in this chapter.
-
-\stopcomponent
-