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+#! /usr/bin/env perl
+
+###########################################################
+# Prepare a LaTeX run for two-way communication with Perl #
+# By Scott Pakin <scott+pt@pakin.org> #
+###########################################################
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------
+# This is file `perltex.pl',
+# generated with the docstrip utility.
+#
+# The original source files were:
+#
+# perltex.dtx (with options: `perltex')
+#
+# This is a generated file.
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2004 by Scott Pakin <scott+pt@pakin.org>
+#
+# This file may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions
+# of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.2 of this
+# license or (at your option) any later version. The latest
+# version of this license is in:
+#
+# http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
+#
+# and version 1.2 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
+# version 1999/12/01 or later.
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+use Safe;
+use Opcode;
+use Getopt::Long;
+use Pod::Usage;
+use File::Basename;
+use POSIX;
+use warnings;
+use strict;
+my $latexprog;
+my $runsafely = 1;
+my @permittedops;
+my $progname = basename $0;
+my $jobname = "texput";
+my @latexcmdline;
+my $toperl;
+my $fromperl;
+my $toflag;
+my $fromflag;
+my $doneflag;
+my $logfile;
+my $sandbox = new Safe;
+my $latexpid;
+$latexprog = $ENV{"PERLTEX"} || "latex";
+Getopt::Long::Configure("require_order", "pass_through");
+GetOptions("help" => sub {pod2usage(-verbose => 1)},
+ "latex=s" => \$latexprog,
+ "safe!" => \$runsafely,
+ "permit=s" => \@permittedops) || pod2usage(2);
+@latexcmdline = @ARGV;
+my $firstcmd = 0;
+for ($firstcmd=0; $firstcmd<=$#latexcmdline; $firstcmd++) {
+ my $option = $latexcmdline[$firstcmd];
+ next if substr($option, 0, 1) eq "-";
+ if (substr ($option, 0, 1) ne "\\") {
+ $jobname = basename $option, ".tex" ;
+ $latexcmdline[$firstcmd] = "\\input $option";
+ }
+ last;
+}
+push @latexcmdline, "" if $#latexcmdline==-1;
+my $separator = "";
+foreach (1 .. 20) {
+ $separator .= chr(ord("A") + rand(26));
+}
+$toperl = $jobname . ".topl";
+$fromperl = $jobname . ".frpl";
+$toflag = $jobname . ".tfpl";
+$fromflag = $jobname . ".ffpl";
+$doneflag = $jobname . ".dfpl";
+$logfile = $jobname . ".lgpl";
+$latexcmdline[$firstcmd] =
+ sprintf '\makeatletter' . '\def%s{%s}' x 6 . '\makeatother%s',
+ '\plmac@tag', $separator,
+ '\plmac@tofile', $toperl,
+ '\plmac@fromfile', $fromperl,
+ '\plmac@toflag', $toflag,
+ '\plmac@fromflag', $fromflag,
+ '\plmac@doneflag', $doneflag,
+ $latexcmdline[$firstcmd];
+foreach my $file ($toperl, $fromperl, $toflag, $fromflag, $doneflag) {
+ unlink $file while -e $file;
+}
+open (LOGFILE, ">$logfile") || die "open(\"$logfile\"): $!\n";
+defined ($latexpid = fork) || die "fork: $!\n";
+unshift @latexcmdline, $latexprog;
+if (!$latexpid) {
+ exec {$latexcmdline[0]} @latexcmdline;
+ die "exec('@latexcmdline'): $!\n";
+}
+@permittedops=(":browse") if $#permittedops==-1;
+@permittedops=(Opcode::full_opset()) if !$runsafely;
+$sandbox->permit_only (@permittedops);
+while (1) {
+ my $awaitexists = sub {
+ while (!-e $_[0]) {
+ sleep 0;
+ if (waitpid($latexpid, &WNOHANG)==-1) {
+ foreach my $file ($toperl, $fromperl, $toflag,
+ $fromflag, $doneflag) {
+ unlink $file while -e $file;
+ }
+ undef $latexpid;
+ exit 0;
+ }
+ }
+ };
+ $awaitexists->($toflag);
+ my $entirefile;
+ {
+ local $/ = undef;
+ open (TOPERL, "<$toperl") || die "open($toperl): $!\n";
+ $entirefile = <TOPERL>;
+ close TOPERL;
+ }
+ my ($optag, $macroname, @otherstuff) =
+ map {chomp; $_} split "$separator\n", $entirefile;
+ $macroname =~ s/^[^A-Za-z]+//;
+ $macroname =~ s/\W/_/g;
+ $macroname = "latex_" . $macroname;
+ if ($optag eq "USE") {
+ foreach (@otherstuff) {
+ s/\\/\\\\/g;
+ s/\'/\\\'/g;
+ $_ = "'$_'";
+ }
+ }
+ my $perlcode;
+ if ($optag eq "DEF") {
+ $perlcode =
+ sprintf "sub %s {%s}\n",
+ $macroname, $otherstuff[0];
+ }
+ else {
+ $perlcode = sprintf "%s (%s);\n", $macroname, join(", ", @otherstuff);
+ }
+ print LOGFILE "#" x 31, " PERL CODE ", "#" x 32, "\n";
+ print LOGFILE $perlcode, "\n";
+ undef $_;
+ my $result;
+ {
+ my $warningmsg;
+ local $SIG{__WARN__} =
+ sub {chomp ($warningmsg=$_[0]); return 0};
+ $result = $sandbox->reval ($perlcode);
+ if (defined $warningmsg) {
+ $warningmsg =~ s/at \(eval \d+\) line \d+\W+//;
+ print LOGFILE "# ===> $warningmsg\n\n";
+ }
+ }
+ $result="" if !$result;
+ if ($@) {
+ my $msg = $@;
+ $msg =~ s/at \(eval \d+\) line \d+\W+//;
+ $msg =~ s/\s+/ /;
+ $result = "\\PackageError{perltex}{$msg}";
+ my @helpstring;
+ if ($msg =~ /\btrapped by\b/) {
+ @helpstring =
+ ("The preceding error message comes from Perl. Apparently,",
+ "the Perl code you tried to execute attempted to perform an",
+ "`unsafe' operation. If you trust the Perl code (e.g., if",
+ "you wrote it) then you can invoke perltex with the --nosafe",
+ "option to allow arbitrary Perl code to execute.",
+ "Alternatively, you can selectively enable Perl features",
+ "using perltex's --permit option. Don't do this if you don't",
+ "trust the Perl code, however; malicious Perl code can do a",
+ "world of harm to your computer system.");
+ }
+ else {
+ @helpstring =
+ ("The preceding error message comes from Perl. Apparently,",
+ "there's a bug in your Perl code. You'll need to sort that",
+ "out in your document and re-run perltex.");
+ }
+ my $helpstring = join ("\\MessageBreak\n", @helpstring);
+ $helpstring =~ s/\. /.\\space\\space /g;
+ $result .= "{$helpstring}";
+ }
+ print LOGFILE "%" x 30, " LATEX RESULT ", "%" x 30, "\n";
+ print LOGFILE $result, "\n\n";
+ $result .= '\endinput';
+ open (FROMPERL, ">$fromperl") || die "open($fromperl): $!\n";
+ syswrite FROMPERL, $result;
+ close FROMPERL;
+ unlink $toflag while -e $toflag;
+ unlink $toperl while -e $toperl;
+ unlink $doneflag while -e $doneflag;
+ open (FROMFLAG, ">$fromflag") || die "open($fromflag): $!\n";
+ close FROMFLAG;
+ $awaitexists->($toperl);
+ unlink $fromflag while -e $fromflag;
+ open (DONEFLAG, ">$doneflag") || die "open($doneflag): $!\n";
+ close DONEFLAG;
+}
+END {
+ close LOGFILE;
+ if (defined $latexpid) {
+ kill (9, $latexpid);
+ exit 1;
+ }
+ exit 0;
+}
+
+__END__
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+perltex - enable LaTeX macros to be defined in terms of Perl code
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+perltex
+[B<--help>]
+[B<--latex>=I<program>]
+[B<-->[B<no>]B<safe>]
+[B<--permit>=I<feature>]
+[I<latex options>]
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+LaTeX -- through the underlying TeX typesetting system -- produces
+beautifully typeset documents but has a macro language that is
+difficult to program. In particular, support for complex string
+manipulation is largely lacking. Perl is a popular general-purpose
+programming language whose forte is string manipulation. However, it
+has no typesetting capabilities whatsoever.
+
+Clearly, Perl's programmability could complement LaTeX's typesetting
+strengths. B<perltex> is the tool that enables a symbiosis between
+the two systems. All a user needs to do is compile a LaTeX document
+using B<perltex> instead of B<latex>. (B<perltex> is actually a
+wrapper for B<latex>, so no B<latex> functionality is lost.) If the
+document includes a C<\usepackage{perltex}> in its preamble, then
+C<\perlnewcommand> and C<\perlrenewcommand> macros will be made
+available. These behave just like LaTeX's C<\newcommand> and
+C<\renewcommand> except that the macro body contains Perl code instead
+of LaTeX code.
+
+=head1 OPTIONS
+
+B<perltex> accepts the following command-line options:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item B<--help>
+
+Display basic usage information.
+
+=item B<--latex>=I<program>
+
+Specify a program to use instead of B<latex>. For example,
+C<--latex=pdflatex> would typeset the given document using
+B<pdflatex> instead of ordinary B<latex>.
+
+=item B<-->[B<no>]B<safe>
+
+Enable or disable sandboxing. With the default of C<--safe>,
+B<perltex> executes the code from a C<\perlnewcommand> or
+C<\perlrenewcommand> macro within a protected environment that
+prohibits ``unsafe'' operations such as accessing files or executing
+external programs. Specifying C<--nosafe> gives the LaTeX document
+I<carte blanche> to execute any arbitrary Perl code, including that
+which can harm the user's files. See L<Safe> for more information.
+
+=item B<--permit>=I<feature>
+
+Permit particular Perl operations to be performed. The C<--permit>
+option, which can be specified more than once on the command line,
+enables finer-grained control over the B<perltex> sandbox. See
+L<Opcode> for more information.
+
+=back
+
+These options are then followed by whatever options are normally
+passed to B<latex> (or whatever program was specified with
+C<--latex>), including, for instance, the name of the F<.tex> file to
+compile.
+
+=head1 EXAMPLES
+
+In its simplest form, B<perltex> is run just like B<latex>:
+
+ perltex myfile.tex
+
+To use B<pdflatex> instead of regular B<latex>, use the C<--latex>
+option:
+
+ perltex --latex=pdflatex myfile.tex
+
+If LaTeX gives a ``C<trapped by operation mask>'' error and you trust
+the F<.tex> file you're trying to compile not to execute malicious
+Perl code (e.g., because you wrote it yourself), you can disable
+B<perltex>'s safety mechansisms with C<--nosafe>:
+
+ perltex --nosafe myfile.tex
+
+The following command gives documents only B<perltex>'s default
+permissions (C<:browse>) plus the ability to open files and invoke the
+C<time> command:
+
+ perltex --permit=:browse --permit=:filesys_open
+ --permit=time myfile.tex
+
+=head1 ENVIRONMENT
+
+B<perltex> honors the following environment variables:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item PERLTEX
+
+Specify the filename of the LaTeX compiler. The LaTeX compiler
+defaults to ``C<latex>''. The C<PERLTEX> environment variable
+overrides this default, and the C<--latex> command-line option (see
+L</OPTIONS>) overrides that.
+
+=back
+
+=head1 FILES
+
+While compiling F<jobname.tex>, B<perltex> makes use of the following
+files:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item F<jobname.lgpl>
+
+log file written by Perl; helpful for debugging Perl macros
+
+=item F<jobname.topl>
+
+information sent from LaTeX to Perl
+
+=item F<jobname.frpl>
+
+information sent from Perl to LaTeX
+
+=item F<jobname.tfpl>
+
+``flag'' file whose existence indicates that F<jobname.topl> contains
+valid data
+
+=item F<jobname.ffpl>
+
+``flag'' file whose existence indicates that F<jobname.frpl> contains
+valid data
+
+=item F<jobname.dfpl>
+
+``flag'' file whose existence indicates that F<jobname.ffpl> has been
+deleted
+
+=back
+
+=head1 NOTES
+
+B<perltex>'s sandbox defaults to what L<Opcode> calls ``C<:browse>''.
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+latex(1), pdflatex(1), perl(1), Safe(3pm), Opcode(3pm)
+
+=head1 AUTHOR
+
+Scott Pakin, I<scott+pt@pakin.org>