trunk/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex

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+% Copyright (c) 1985, 1986 Daniel C. Brotsky.  All rights reserved.
+% Base macros for yTeX.  See the file YTEX.MAC for details.
+
+% CONTENTS
+
+% ^L-page       contents
+% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+% 1             %% Helpful TeX82 macros built on Plain-AlmostCM TeX
+% 2             %% handy hacks
+% 3             %% more handy hacks
+% 4             %% date and time
+% 5             %% combinators
+% 6             %% special chars
+% 7             %% spacing
+% 8             %% runners
+% 9             %% glosses
+% 10            %% inserts
+% 11            %% output
+% 12            %% page glue
+% 13            %% paragraphs
+% 14            %% textual displays
+% 15            %% tables
+% 16            %% titles
+% 17            %% special pages
+% 18            %% auxiliary files
+% 19            %% initialization
+
+\message{handy hacks,}
+
+% some more scratch registers
+\dimendef\dimen@ii=2
+\skipdef\skip@i=1
+\skipdef\skip@ii=2
+\toksdef\toks@i=1
+\toksdef\toks@ii=2
+
+% quick names for character codes
+\chardef\@ctive=13
+\chardef\@ther=12
+\chardef\@scape=0
+
+% define variations on \vbox and \hbox
+\let\vbottom=\vbox
+\let\vopen=\relax
+\let\hopen=\relax
+
+% turn interlineskip off and on
+\def\offinterlineskip {%
+  \ifdim \lineskiplimit<\maxdimen
+    \edef\oninterlineskip{\baselineskip=\the\baselineskip
+      \lineskip=\the\lineskip \lineskiplimit=\the\lineskiplimit\relax}%
+  \fi
+  \baselineskip-1000\p@ \lineskip\z@ \lineskiplimit\maxdimen}
+\let\oninterlineskip=\relax
+\let\yesinterlineskip=\relax
+
+% write token lists to the terminal
+\def\toksmessage #{%
+  \afterassignment\t@ksmessage
+  \toks@=}
+\def\t@ksmessage {\message{\the\toks@}}
+
+% set/add to a token list or a macro
+\def\etoks #1{\let\et@ks=#1\afterassignment\eto@s\et@ks}
+\def\eto@s {\edef\next{\the\et@ks}\edef\next{\next}\et@ks=\expandafter{\next}}
+\def\addtotoks #1{%
+  \let\addtot@ks=#1%
+  \afterassignment\addt@toks \toks@}
+\def\addt@toks {%
+  \edef\next{\the\addtot@ks\the\toks@}%
+  \addtot@ks=\expandafter{\next}}
+\def\addtodef #1#2{%
+  \toks@=\expandafter{#1#2}\edef#1{\the\toks@}}
+\def\pushtodef #1#2{%
+  \toks@=\expandafter{#1}\toks@i={#2}\edef#1{\the\toks@i\the\toks@}}
+
+% strip the \ and letters from the front of a csname, leave result in \next
+{\catcode`\|=\@scape |catcode`\\=|@ther
+ |gdef|stripn@me #1#2{%
+   {|def|gobble \#1##1\{##1}%
+    |global|edef|next{|expandafter|gobble|string#2\}}}}
+
+% get the arg of a paired delimiter pair (arg is \endXXX)
+%  N.B. Use this only within a local group: it clobbers itself
+\def\get@rg #1{\def\get@rg ##1#1{\toks@={##1}#1}}
+
+% get confirmation
+\def\@yes{yes}
+\def\@no{no}
+\newif\ifyes
+\def\yesornop #1{%
+  \immediate\write\sixt@@n{}%
+  \loop
+    \message{#1 (yes or no) }%
+    {\catcode`\^^M=14\relax \global\read\m@ne to\next}
+    \ifx\next\@yes \global\yestrue
+    \else\ifx\next\@no \global\yesfalse
+    \else\let\next\yesornop \fi\fi
+  \ifx\next\yesornop \repeat}
+\def\askuser #1#2{%
+  \immediate\write\sixt@@n{}%
+  \message{#2}%
+  {\catcode`\^^M=14\relax \global\read\m@ne to#1}}
+\def\askuserline #1#2{%
+  \immediate\write\sixt@@n{}%
+  \immediate\write\sixt@@n{#2}%
+  {\catcode`\^^M=14\relax \global\read\m@ne to#1}}
+
+% \input manipulations
+\newwrite\tfil@
+\def\maybeinput #1 {%
+  \yesornop {Input file #1?}%
+  \ifyes \input #1 \fi}
+\def\@input #1#2{%
+  \openin\tfil@=#1 %
+  \ifeof\tfil@ #2\else \closein\tfil@ \input #1 \fi}
+\def\@input@ #1#2{%
+  \openin\tfil@=#1 %
+  \ifeof\tfil@
+    \closein\tfil@\openin\tfil@=\ytexlibrary #1 %
+    \ifeof\tfil@ #2\else \closein\tfil@ \input \ytexlibrary #1 \fi
+  \else \closein\tfil@ \input #1 \fi}
+
+% set a skip parameter with explicit dimen, glue, and factor
+\def\setskip {\afterassignment\setski@\let\next=}
+\def\setski@ \dimen{\afterassignment\setsk@p\dimen@}
+\def\setsk@p \glue{\afterassignment\s@tskip\skip@}
+\def\s@tskip \factor{\dimen@i=\skip@\advance\skip@ by-\dimen@i
+                     \afterassignment\s@tsk@p\multiply\skip@ by}
+\def\s@tsk@p {\divide\skip@ by\@m\advance\skip@ by\dimen@ \next=\skip@}
+
+% skip the stretch amount of glue but not the dimen amount
+\def\vstretch {\afterassignment\vstr@tch\skip@=}
+\def\vstr@tch {\dimen@=\skip@ \advance\skip@ by-\dimen@ \vskip\skip@}
+
+% manipulate special chars
+\def\addspecial #1{\addtodef\dospecials{\do#1}}
+\def\specials@ther {%
+  \relax\iffalse{\fi                    % gross hackery for tables
+  \def\do##1{\catcode`##1=\@ther}\dospecials
+  \iffalse}\fi\relax}
+
+% make active space and CR be the arg
+% get a token which is \ifx-equal to active space
+{\obeylines%
+ \gdef\activelines #1{\catcode`\^^M=\@ctive \let^^M=#1\relax}%
+} % end of def group
+{\obeyspaces
+ \gdef\activespaces#1{\obeyspaces\let =#1\relax\let\sp@ce= \relax}%
+} % end of def group
+
+\message{date and time,}
+
+\newcount\hour \newcount\minute
+
+\def\st@rttime {%
+  \hour=\the\time \minute=\the\time
+  \divide\hour by 60 \multiply\hour by 60%
+  \advance\minute by -\hour \divide\hour by 60%
+  \edef\daytime{\number\hour:\ifnum \minute<10 0\fi\number\minute}%
+  \edef\monthname {\ifcase\month \or
+    January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+    July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi}%
+  \edef\monthshortname {\ifcase\month \or
+    Jan\or Feb\or Mar\or Apr\or May\or Jun\or
+    Jul\or Aug\or Sep\or Oct\or Nov\or Dec\fi}%
+  {\def\gobble ##1##2##3##4{##3##4}%
+   \global\edef\shortyear{\expandafter\gobble\number\year}}%
+  \edef\date{\monthname~\number\day,~\number\year}%
+  \edef\shortdate{\number\day~\monthshortname~\number\shortyear}%
+  \edef\slashdate{\number\month/\number\day/\number\shortyear}}
+
+\message{combinators,}
+
+% spreads
+{\let\newdimen=\relax                   % allow next def
+\gdef\newspread #1\setup #2\endnew{%
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \expandafter\newdimen\csname \next width\endcsname
+  \toks@={\hbox to}\toks@i={\bgroup #2\spre@d}%
+  \edef#1##{\the\toks@\expandafter\noexpand\csname \next width\endcsname
+            \the\toks@i}}
+} % end of def group
+\def\spre@d #1{%
+  \setbox\z@=\hbox{#1\Hss}%
+  \futurelet\next\spr@ad}
+\def\spr@ad {%
+  \ifcat \bgroup\noexpand\next
+    \hbox to\z@{\hss\unhbox\z@\hss}\hfil
+    \let\next=\spr@@d
+  \else
+    \hbox to\z@{\hss\unhbox\z@}%
+    \let\next=\egroup
+  \fi \next}
+\def\spr@@d #1{%
+  \setbox\z@=\hbox{#1}%
+  \futurelet\next\spr@ad}
+
+% text wrappers
+\long
+\def\newtextwrap #1\box #2\setup #3%
+                   \before #4\after #5%
+                   \begin #6\end #7\endnew{%
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \toks@={#4\begingroup #3\relax #2}%
+  \edef#1{%
+    \the\toks@ \expandafter\noexpand\csname read@\next\endcsname}%
+  \toks@={\bgroup #6}\toks@i={#7\egroup\endgroup #5}%
+  \long
+  \expandafter\edef\csname read@\next\endcsname ##1{%
+    \the\toks@ ##1\the\toks@i}}
+
+\message{special chars,}
+
+% ` needs can be directed backquote
+\addspecial\`
+\let\agr@ve=\`
+\def\bqm@cro {\char"12\relax}
+\def\makebbqaccent {\let\`=\agr@ve}
+\def\makebbqquote  {\let\`=\bqm@cro}
+{\catcode`\`=\@ctive\relax
+ \gdef\makebqspecial {\catcode"60=\active\relax \let`=\bqm@cro}
+ \gdef\makebqnormal  {\catcode"60=\@ther \chardef`="60\relax}
+} % end of def group
+
+
+% & and # need to be `ordinary' characters for lisp
+\def\makeandother {\catcode`\&=\@ther}
+\def\makeandalign {\catcode`\&=4\relax}
+\def\makesharpother {\catcode`\#=\@ther}
+\def\makesharpparam {\catcode`\#=6\relax}
+
+% < and > can be angle brackets in text
+\addspecial\<
+\addspecial\>
+\let\@@lt=< \let\@@gt=>
+{\catcode`\<=\@ctive \catcode`\>=\@ctive \relax
+ \gdef\makelgtbrackets{%
+   \catcode`\<=\@ctive \catcode`\>=\@ctive\relax
+   \def<{\ifmmode\@@lt\else$\m@th\langle$\fi}%
+   \def>{\ifmmode\@@gt\else$\m@th\rangle$\fi}%
+   \sl@shifylgt}}
+\def\sl@shifylgt {%
+  \def\<{\ifmmode\@@lt\else$\m@th\@@lt$\fi}%
+  \def\>{\ifmmode\@@gt\else$\m@th\@@gt$\fi}}
+\def\makelgtother {%
+  \catcode`\<=\@ther\catcode`\>=\@ther
+  \def\<{\relax \ifmmode \langle \else $\langle$\fi}
+  \def\>{\relax \ifmmode \rangle \else $\rangle$\fi}}
+
+\message{spacing,}
+
+% vertical glue
+\def\vgluefil {\vglue \z@ plus1fil\relax}
+\def\vgluefill {\vglue \z@ plus1fill\relax}
+\def\Vss {\vskip \z@ plus1fill minus1fill\relax}
+\def\VSS {\vskip \z@ plus1filll minus1filll\relax}
+
+% horizontal glue
+\def\hfilll {\hskip \z@ plus1filll\relax}
+\def\hfilllneg {\hskip \z@ plus-1filll\relax}
+\def\Hss {\hskip \z@ plus1fill minus1fill\relax}
+\def\HSS {\hskip \z@ plus1filll minus1filll\relax}
+
+% glue amounts
+\newskip\fillskip \fillskip=\z@ plus1fill
+\newskip\filskip  \filskip=\z@ plus1fil
+\newskip\zeroskip \zeroskip=\z@
+\newskip\emskip   \emskip=1em
+
+% page glue
+\def\filpage {\par\vfil\eject}
+\def\superfilpage {\par\vfil\supereject}
+
+% paragraph glue
+\def\linebreak {\ifhmode\nobreak\hskip\z@ plus1fil\break\fi}
+
+% require minimum vertical space
+\def\minskip {\afterassignment\m@nskip\skip@}
+\def\m@nskip {%
+  \ifdim \lastskip<\skip@
+    \nobreak \vskip-\lastskip \vskip\skip@ \fi}
+\def\minbreak {\afterassignment\m@nbreak\count@}
+\def\m@nbreak {\afterassignment\m@nbre@k\skip@}
+\def\m@nbre@k {%
+  \ifdim \lastskip<\skip@
+    \nobreak \vskip-\lastskip \penalty\count@ \vskip\skip@ \fi}
+\def\dobreak {\afterassignment\d@break\count@}
+\def\d@break {\afterassignment\d@bre@k\skip@}
+\def\d@bre@k {\penalty\count@ \vskip\skip@}
+
+\message{runners,}
+
+% control of runners
+\newif\ifheaders
+\newif\iffooters
+\let\res@theaders=\relax
+\let\res@tfooters=\relax
+\def\res@trunners {\res@theaders \res@tfooters}
+\def\noheaders {\global\headersfalse}
+\def\nofooters {\global\footersfalse}
+\def\norunners {\noheaders \nofooters}
+\def\yesheaders {\global\headerstrue}
+\def\yesfooters {\global\footerstrue}
+\def\yesrunners {\yesheaders \yesfooters}
+\def\offheaders {\noheaders \let\res@theaders=\noheaders}
+\def\offfooters {\nofooters \let\res@tfooters=\nofooters}
+\def\offrunners {\offheaders \offfooters}
+\def\onheaders {\yesheaders \let\res@theaders=\yesheaders}
+\def\onfooters {\yesfooters \let\res@tfooters=\yesfooters}
+\def\onrunners {\onheaders \onfooters}
+\res@trunners
+
+% preserve marks in a stable place
+\let\m@rk=\mark
+\let\firstm@rk=\firstmark
+\let\topm@rk=\topmark
+\let\botm@rk=\botmark
+
+% contents of headers and footers
+\newif\iftwosided
+
+\newtoks\rectoheader
+\newtoks\versoheader
+\newtoks\rectofooter
+\newtoks\versofooter
+
+\message{glosses,}
+
+% control of glosses
+\newif\iftopgloss
+\newif\ifbottomgloss
+\let\res@ttopgloss=\relax
+\let\res@tbottomgloss=\relax
+\def\res@tglosses {\res@ttopgloss \res@tbottomgloss}
+\def\notopgloss {\global\topglossfalse}
+\def\nobottomgloss {\global\bottomglossfalse}
+\def\noglosses {\notopgloss \nobottomgloss}
+\def\yestopgloss {\global\topglosstrue}
+\def\yesbottomgloss {\global\bottomglosstrue}
+\def\yesglosses {\yestopgloss \yesbottomgloss}
+\def\offtopgloss {\notopgloss \let\res@ttopgloss=\notopgloss}
+\def\offbottomgloss {\nobottomgloss \let\res@tbottomgloss=\nobottomgloss}
+\def\offglosses {\offtopgloss \offbottomgloss}
+\def\ontopgloss {\yestopgloss \let\res@ttopgloss=\yestopgloss}
+\def\onbottomgloss {\yesbottomgloss \let\res@tbottomgloss=\yesbottomgloss}
+\def\onglosses {\ontopgloss \onbottomgloss}
+\res@tglosses
+
+% contents of glosses
+\newtoks\topgloss
+\newtoks\bottomgloss
+
+\message{inserts,}
+
+% storage for the inserts
+\newinsert\topfloat
+\countdef\topmag=\topfloat \topmag=1000
+\dimendef\topmax=\topfloat \topmax=\maxdimen
+\newtoks\topsep            \topsep={}
+
+\newinsert\botfloat
+\countdef\botmag=\botfloat \botmag=1000
+\dimendef\botmax=\botfloat \botmax=\maxdimen
+\newtoks\botsep            \botsep={}
+
+% inserts which always float
+\long
+\def\newfloat #1\type #2\floatsetup #3\setup #4%
+                \floatabove #5\floatbelow #6%
+                \begin #7\end #8\endnew {%
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \toks@={\insert#2\bgroup #3\relax #5\relax #4\relax #7}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname begin\next\endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@}%
+  \toks@={#8\relax #6\egroup}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname end\next\endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@}%
+  \long
+  \edef#1##1{\expandafter\noexpand\csname begin\next\endcsname
+             ##1\expandafter\noexpand\csname end\next\endcsname}}
+
+\long
+\def\newpagefloat #1\type #2\floatsetup #3\setup #4%
+                    \above #5\below #6%
+                    \begin #7\end #8\endnew {%
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \toks@={#4\setbox\z@=\vbox\bgroup #7}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname begin\next\endcsname {%
+    \begingroup \the\toks@}%
+  \toks@={#8\egroup
+    \insert#2{#3\relax
+      \dimen@=\dp\z@
+      \vbox to\vsize{#5\unvbox\z@#6\kern-\dimen@}}}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname end\next\endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@ \endgroup}%
+  \long
+  \edef#1##1{\expandafter\noexpand\csname begin\next\endcsname
+             ##1\expandafter\noexpand\csname end\next\endcsname}}
+
+% inserts which sometimes float
+\long
+\def\newfitfloat #1\type {%
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \edef#1##1{\expandafter\noexpand\csname begin\next\endcsname
+             ##1\expandafter\noexpand\csname end\next\endcsname}%
+  \newfitfl@at}
+\def\newfitfl@at #1\floatsetup #2\setup #3%
+                   \floatabove #4\floatbelow #5%
+                   \above #6\below #7%
+                   \begin #8\end #9\endnew {%
+  \toks@={\setbox\z@=\vbox\bgroup #3\relax #8}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname begin\next\endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@}%
+  \toks@={#9\egroup
+    \dimen@=\ht\z@ \advance\dimen@\dp\z@
+    \advance\dimen@\baselineskip \advance\dimen@\pagetotal
+    \ifdim \dimen@>\pagegoal
+      \insert#1{#2\relax #4\unvbox\z@#5}%
+    \else
+      #6\unvbox\z@#7\relax
+    \fi}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname end\next\endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@}}
+
+\message{output,}
+
+% output routine parameters
+\newif\iftrimpages
+\newdimen\topglossdrop
+\newdimen\bottomglossdrop
+\newdimen\footerdrop
+\newdimen\headerdrop
+
+% output routine
+\def\ytexoutput {%
+  \iftrimpages \trimp@ge\fi
+  \shipout\vbox to9truein{% center box on 8.5x11 page (DVI starts at 1,1)
+    \vss
+    \hbox to6.5truein{%
+      \hss
+      \vbox{%
+        \offinterlineskip
+        \iftopgloss
+          \vbox to\z@{\vss\line{\the\topgloss}\vskip\topglossdrop}\fi
+        \ifheaders\makeheadline\fi
+        \pagebody
+        \iffooters\makefootline\fi
+        \ifbottomgloss
+          \vbox to\z@{\vskip\bottomglossdrop\line{\the\bottomgloss}\vss}\fi
+        }% end of contents \vbox
+      \hss}% end of centering \hbox
+    \vss}% end of centering \vbox
+  \advancepageno
+  \res@trunners
+  \res@tglosses
+  \ifnum\outputpenalty>-\@MM \else\dosupereject\fi}
+
+\def\makeheadline {%
+  \vbox to\z@{%
+    \vss
+    \iftwosided
+      \ifodd\pageno \line{\the\rectoheader}%
+        \else \line{\the\versoheader}\fi
+      \else
+        \line{\the\rectoheader}\fi
+    \vskip \headerdrop}}
+
+\def\makefootline {%
+  \vbox to\z@{%
+    \vskip \footerdrop
+    \nointerlineskip
+    \iftwosided
+      \ifodd\pageno \line{\the\rectofooter}%
+        \else \line{\the\versofooter}\fi
+      \else
+        \line{\the\rectofooter}\fi
+    \vss}}
+
+\def\pagebody {%
+  \vbox to\vsize{\boxmaxdepth\maxdimen \pagecontents}}
+
+\def\pagecontents {%
+  \dimen@i=\ht\@cclv \advance\dimen@i\dp\@cclv
+  \ifvoid\topfloat\else
+    \dimen@=\ht\topfloat \advance\dimen@\dp\topfloat
+    \unvbox\topfloat
+    \ifdim \dimen@>\z@ \ifdim\dimen@i>\z@ \the\topsep\fi\fi
+  \fi
+  \dimen@ii=\dp\@cclv \unvbox\@cclv
+  \ifvoid\botfloat\else
+    \dimen@=\ht\botfloat \advance\dimen@\dp\botfloat
+    \ifdim \dimen@>\z@ \ifdim\dimen@i>\z@ \the\botsep\fi\fi
+    \unvbox\botfloat
+  \fi
+  \ifr@ggedbottom \kern-\dimen@ii \vfil \fi}
+
+\message{page glue,}
+
+\newif\ifts@
+
+{\catcode`\0=12\relax
+ \catcode`\.=12\relax
+ \catcode`\p=12\relax
+ \catcode`\t=12\relax
+ \gdef\nullgl@e{0.0pt}
+}   %end of catcode group
+
+\def\ifnullskip {%
+  \edef\next{\the\lastskip}%
+  \ifx\next\nullgl@e}
+
+\def\trimp@ge {%
+  \setbox0=\vbox{\unvbox\@cclv
+    \loop \ts@false
+      \ifnum\lastpenalty=\z@ \else\unpenalty \ts@true \fi
+      \ifnullskip \else\unskip \ts@true \fi
+      \ifts@ \repeat}
+  \setbox\@cclv=\box0}
+
+% hack to make \break, \allowbreak, and friends work
+\def\break {\penalty\z@\penalty-\@M}
+\def\allowbreak {\penalty-\@ne}
+\def\supereject {\par\penalty\z@\penalty-\@MM}
+
+\message{paragraphs,}
+
+% force no indent on next par
+\def\rem@veindent {\everypar={\setbox0=\lastbox\everypar={}}}
+
+% neutral paragraphing groups
+\def\beginpgroup {\begingroup \everypar={}}
+\def\endpgroup {\endgraf \endgroup}
+\def\bpgroup {\bgroup \everypar={}}
+\def\epgroup {\endgraf \egroup}
+
+\long
+\def\newpar #1\argtext #2\setup #3\vestindent #4\starter #5\endnew {%
+  \def\next{#4}%
+  \ifx\next\empty \def#1#2{#3\relax#5}
+  \else \def#1#2{#3\relax \hangindent #4\hangafter \@ne #5}\fi}
+
+% turn indentation off and on
+\def\offindent {%
+  \ifdim \parindent>\z@ \edef\onindent{\parindent=\the\parindent}\fi
+  \parindent=\z@}
+\let\onindent=\relax
+\let\yesindent=\indent
+
+% create new element with associated skips and penalties
+{\let\newskip=\relax \let\newcount=\relax       % allow next def
+\long
+\gdef\newelement #1\setup #2\above #3\below #4\begin #5\end #6\endnew{%
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \expandafter\newskip\csname above\next skip\endcsname
+  \expandafter\newskip\csname below\next skip\endcsname
+  \expandafter\newcount\csname pre\next penalty\endcsname
+  \expandafter\newcount\csname post\next penalty\endcsname
+  \toks@={\endgraf #3\begingroup #2\relax #5}%
+  \expandafter\edef \csname begin\next \endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@}%
+  \toks@={#6\endgroup #4}%
+  \expandafter\edef \csname end\next \endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@}%
+  \long
+  \edef#1##1{\expandafter\noexpand\csname begin\next\endcsname
+             ##1\expandafter\noexpand\csname end\next\endcsname}}
+} % end of def group
+
+\message{textual displays,}
+
+% nofill
+\def\setupnofill {%
+  \parskip=\z@
+  \def\par{\endgraf}% empty lines not preserved
+  \obeylines
+  \activespaces\ }
+
+% textual displays
+{\obeylines                             % defs using ^^M
+\long%
+\gdef\newtext #1\display #2\setup #3\begin #4\end #5\endnew{%
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \toks@={$$#2\halign\bgroup ##\cr \noalign\bpgroup #3%
+          \begingroup \obeylines}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname begin\next \endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@ \expandafter\noexpand\csname re@d\next \endcsname}%
+  \toks@={\endgroup #4}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname re@d\next \endcsname ##1^^M{%
+    \the\toks@##1}%
+  \toks@={#5\epgroup\egroup$$}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname end\next \endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@}}%
+} % end of def group
+
+% verbatim material (mostly from TeXbook)
+\def\setupverbatim {%
+  \specials@ther
+  \setupnofill}
+
+\long
+\def\newverbatim #1\begincs #2\readcs #3\endcsname #4%
+                   \display #5\setup #6\begin #7\end #8\endnew{%
+  \toks@={$$#5\halign\bgroup ##\hfil\cr
+              \noalign\bpgroup \setupverbatim #6#3}%
+  \edef#2{\the\toks@}%
+  \makev@rbatim{#3}{#4}{#7}{#8}}
+{\obeylines \catcode`\|=\@scape \catcode`\\=\@ther %
+ |long%
+ |gdef|makev@rbatim#1#2#3#4{%
+   |toks@={#3}|toks@i={#4|epgroup|egroup$$}%
+   |edef#1##1^^M##2\#2{|the|toks@##1##2|the|toks@i}}}
+
+\message{tables,}
+
+% preamble specification analysis
+\newif\ifmoresp@c
+\def\esp@cl {\esp@cl}                   % null spec list marker
+\newtoks\sp@c
+\newtoks\sp@cl
+\newtoks\pre@mble
+\newtoks\pad@mble
+\newtoks\prep@rt
+\newtoks\padp@rt
+
+% table dimensions and tabskip glue
+\newtoks\tablespec
+\def\tablewidth {\afterassignment\t@blewidth\dimen@}
+\def\t@blewidth {%
+  \ifdim\dimen@>\z@ \edef\next{to\the\dimen@}\else
+  \ifdim\dimen@<\z@ \edef\next{expand\the\dimen@}\else
+                    \edef\next{}\fi\fi
+  \tablespec=\expandafter{\next}}
+\newskip\pretabskip
+\newskip\intabskip
+\newskip\posttabskip
+\newtoks\tablestyle
+\newdimen\padheight                     % height of padding around lines
+\newdimen\hbarheight                    % height of horizontal lines
+\newdimen\dhbarheight                   % height of "double" horizontal lines
+\newdimen\vbarwidth                     % width of normal vertical bars
+\newdimen\dvbarwidth                    % width of "double" vertical bars
+
+\def\makepre@mblepart #1{%
+  \padp@rt={\omit\vrule width\z@ height\padheight depth\z@ \relax#1}%
+  \if l\noexpand\sp@@ \prep@rt={##\hfil\strut#1}\else
+  \if L\noexpand\sp@@ \prep@rt={$\the\tablestyle ##$\hfil\strut#1}\else
+  \if c\noexpand\sp@@ \prep@rt={\hfil##\hfil\strut#1}\else
+  \if C\noexpand\sp@@ \prep@rt={\hfil$\the\tablestyle ##$\hfil\strut#1}\else
+  \if r\noexpand\sp@@ \prep@rt={\hfil##\strut#1}\else
+  \if R\noexpand\sp@@ \prep@rt={\hfil$\the\tablestyle ##$\strut#1}\else
+  \if |\noexpand\sp@@ \prep@rt={\vrule width\vbarwidth###1}%
+                      \padp@rt={height\padheight#1}\else
+  \if "\noexpand\sp@@ \prep@rt={\vrule width\dvbarwidth###1}%
+                      \padp@rt={height\padheight#1}\else
+  \if &\noexpand\sp@@ \prep@rt={&}\padp@rt={&}\else
+  \ifx \sp@@\tabskip  \prep@rt=\expandafter{\the\sp@c}\padp@rt={}%
+  \else               \prep@rt=\expandafter{\the\sp@c#1}%
+  \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi}
+
+\def\makepre@mble {%
+  \sp@cl=\expandafter{\the\sp@cl\esp@cl}% avoid {arg} at end of \sp@cl
+  \pre@mble={\tabskip\intabskip}\pad@mble={}%
+  \def\breaksp@c##1##2\@nd{\sp@c={##1}\sp@cl={##2}}%
+  \def\firstsp@c{\futurelet\sp@@\f@rstspec}\def\f@rstspec##1\@nd{}%
+  \loop
+    \expandafter\breaksp@c\the\sp@cl\@nd
+    \expandafter\firstsp@c\the\sp@c\@nd
+    \edef\next{\the\sp@cl}%
+    \ifx \next\esp@cl \moresp@cfalse \makepre@mblepart{}%
+    \else             \moresp@ctrue  \makepre@mblepart&\fi
+    \addtotoks\pre@mble\prep@rt
+    \addtotoks\pad@mble\padp@rt
+    \ifmoresp@c \repeat
+  \pre@mble=\expandafter{\the\pre@mble\tabskip\posttabskip\cr}%
+  \pad@mble=\expandafter{\the\pad@mble\cr}}
+
+\def\checkpre@mble {%
+  \edef\next{\the\sp@cl}%
+  \ifx\next\empty
+    \errhelp={Just continue and I'll use left-justified columns.}%
+    \errmessage{Empty table preamble.}%
+    \sp@cl={&l}\fi}
+
+\long
+\def\newtable #1\leftdelim #2\rightdelim #3%
+              \before #4\after #5%
+              \begin #6\end #7\endnew{%  create a table macro
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \toks@={\begingroup}\toks@i={\checkpre@mble \setuph@lign
+          #4\offinterlineskip
+          \halign\the\tablespec \bgroup\span\the\pre@mble #6}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname begin\next \endcsname #2##1#3{%
+    \the\toks@ \sp@cl={##1}\the\toks@i}%
+  \toks@={#7\crcr\egroup#5\endgroup}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname end\next \endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@}%
+  \long
+  \edef#1#2##1#3##2{%
+    \expandafter\noexpand\csname begin\next\endcsname #2##1#3%
+    ##2\expandafter\noexpand\csname end\next\endcsname}}
+
+\def\setuph@lign {%
+  \makepre@mble
+  \let\explicitcr=\relax
+  \def\implicitcr{\let\par=\crcr\obeylines}%
+  \let\\=\crcr
+  \def\inline{\noalign{\hrule height\hbarheight}}%
+  \def\dinline{\noalign{\hrule height\dhbarheight}}%
+  \edef\topline{\noexpand\inline\the\pad@mble}%
+  \edef\midline{\the\pad@mble\noexpand\inline\the\pad@mble}%
+  \edef\botline{\the\pad@mble\noexpand\inline}%
+  \edef\dtopline{\noexpand\dinline\the\pad@mble}%
+  \edef\dmidline{\the\pad@mble\noexpand\dinline\the\pad@mble}%
+  \edef\dbotline{\the\pad@mble\noexpand\dinline}%
+  \def\padline {\noalign\bgroup\global\dimen@=\padheight
+                \afterassignment\padlin@\global\padheight=}%
+  \def\padlin@ {\global\edef\next{\the\pad@mble
+                \noalign{\global\padheight=\the\dimen@}}\egroup \next}%
+  \tabskip\pretabskip}
+
+\message{titles,}
+
+\def\ts@ttings {%
+  \spaceskip=.3333em \xspaceskip=.5em
+  \pretolerance=9999 \tolerance=9999 \hbadness=9999
+  \hyphenpenalty=10000 \exhyphenpenalty=10000
+  \def\linebreak{\ifhmode\break\fi}%
+  \let\cr=\linebreak \let\crcr=\linebreak \def\\{\linebreak\ignorespaces}%
+  \offindent}
+
+\def\titleleft #1#2{%
+  \leftskip=\z@ \rightskip=\z@ plus.25\hsize
+  \advance\leftskip by#1\advance\rightskip by#2%
+  \parfillskip=\z@ plus1fil
+  \ts@ttings}
+
+\def\titlecenter #1#2{%
+  \leftskip=\z@ plus.125\hsize \rightskip=\leftskip
+  \advance\leftskip by#1\advance\rightskip by#2%
+  \parfillskip=\z@
+  \ts@ttings}
+
+\def\titleright #1#2{%
+  \leftskip=\z@ plus.25\hsize \rightskip=\z@
+  \advance\leftskip by#1\advance\rightskip by#2%
+  \parfillskip=\z@
+  \ts@ttings}
+
+\long
+\def\newtitle #1\box #2\shape #3%
+                \font #4\setup #5\begin #6\end #7\endnew{%
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \toks@={#2\bgroup #4\relax #3\relax #5\relax #6}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname begin\next\endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@}%
+  \toks@={#7\endgraf\egroup}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname end\next\endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@}%
+  \long
+  \edef#1##1{\expandafter\noexpand\csname begin\next\endcsname
+             ##1\expandafter\noexpand\csname end\next\endcsname}}
+
+\message{special pages,}
+
+% get to a recto page
+\def\rectoeject {\par
+  \filpage
+  \iftwosided
+    \ifodd\pageno
+      \else \ymessage{{Force recto}}\norunners\null\vfil\eject \fi\fi
+  \norunners}
+
+\def\rectosupereject {\par
+  \superfilpage
+  \iftwosided
+    \ifodd\pageno
+      \else \ymessage{{Force recto}}\norunners\null\vfil\eject \fi\fi
+  \norunners}
+
+% special pages
+\long
+\def\newpage #1\setup #2\glue #3\begin #4\end #5\endnew{%
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \toks@={\rectoeject \beginpgroup #2\relax \hrule width\z@\relax #3 #4}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname begin\next \endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@}%
+  \toks@={#5\relax #3\endpgroup\eject}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname end\next \endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@}%
+  \long
+  \edef#1##1{\expandafter\noexpand\csname begin\next\endcsname
+             ##1\expandafter\noexpand\csname end\next\endcsname}}
+
+\long
+\def\newsuperpage #1\setup #2\glue #3\begin #4\end #5\endnew{%
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \toks@={\rectosupereject \beginpgroup #2\relax \hrule width\z@\relax #3 #4}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname begin\next \endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@}%
+  \toks@={#5\relax #3\endpgroup\eject}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname end\next \endcsname {%
+    \the\toks@}%
+  \long
+  \edef#1##1{\expandafter\noexpand\csname begin\next\endcsname
+             ##1\expandafter\noexpand\csname end\next\endcsname}}
+
+\message {auxiliary files,}
+
+\newif\ifauxfiles
+
+\def\@uxfiles {}
+\def\add@uxfile #1{\addtodef\@uxfiles{\do@ux#1}}
+\def\map@uxfiles #1{\let\do@ux=#1\@uxfiles}
+
+\def\forgetauxfiles {\def\@uxfiles{}}
+
+\def\perjob {perjob}
+
+{\let\newwrite=\relax                   % allow next def
+\gdef\newaux #1\filename #2\extension #3\endnew{%
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \edef#1{#3}%
+  \expandafter\newwrite\csname \next @ut\endcsname
+  \expandafter\let\csname write\next \endcsname=\bad@uxwrite
+  \expandafter\edef\csname begin\next \endcsname{%
+    \expandafter\noexpand\csname input\next \endcsname
+    \expandafter\noexpand\csname open\next \endcsname}%
+  \expandafter\edef\csname end\next \endcsname{%
+    \expandafter\noexpand\csname close\next \endcsname}%
+  \ifx #2\perjob
+    \add@uxfile #1%
+    \expandafter\def\csname input\next \endcsname{\input@ux#1\jobname}%
+    \expandafter\def\csname open\next \endcsname{\open@ux#1\jobname}%
+    \expandafter\def\csname close\next \endcsname{\close@ux#1}%
+  \else
+    \expandafter\def\csname input\next \endcsname{\input@ux#1{#2}}%
+    \expandafter\def\csname open\next \endcsname{\open@ux#1{#2}}%
+    \expandafter\def\csname close\next \endcsname{\close@ux#1}%
+  \fi}
+} % end of def group
+
+\def\bad@uxwrite #1{%
+  \ifauxfiles
+    \errhelp={I will write to your log file instead.}%
+    \errmessage{Writing on an unopened auxiliary file.}%
+    \write\m@ne{#1}%
+  \fi}
+
+\def\input@ux #1#2{%
+  \ifauxfiles \@input{#2.#1}{\ywarning{{No file #2.#1}}}\fi}
+
+\def\open@ux #1#2{%
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \ifauxfiles
+    \immediate\expandafter\openout\csname \next @ut\endcsname=#2.#1 %
+    \expandafter\edef\csname write\next \endcsname {%
+      \write \expandafter\noexpand\csname \next @ut\endcsname}%
+    \immediate\csname write\next \endcsname{\relax}%
+  \else
+    \expandafter\edef\csname write\next \endcsname {%
+      \write\m@ne}%
+  \fi}
+
+\def\close@ux #1{%
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \ifauxfiles \immediate\expandafter\closeout\csname \next @ut\endcsname \fi
+  \expandafter\let\csname write\next \endcsname=\bad@uxwrite}
+  
+\def\input@uxfile #1{\input@ux#1\jobname}
+\def\input@uxfiles {\map@uxfiles\input@uxfile}
+\def\open@uxfile #1{\open@ux#1\jobname}
+\def\open@uxfiles {\map@uxfiles\open@uxfile}
+\def\close@uxfiles {\map@uxfiles\close@ux}
+
+\def\beginjob {\input@uxfiles \open@uxfiles}
+\def\endjob {\superfilpage \close@uxfiles \end}
+
+\message{initialization,}
+
+% page layout
+\trimpagesfalse
+\offheaders
+\offfooters
+\twosidedfalse
+\topglossfalse
+\bottomglossfalse
+\topglossdrop=2.5pc
+\bottomglossdrop=2.5pc
+\headerdrop=1.25pc
+\footerdrop=1.25pc
+
+% tables
+\tablewidth=0pt
+\intabskip=\emskip
+\pretabskip=\filskip
+\posttabskip=\filskip
+\padheight=2pt
+\tablestyle={\displaystyle}
+\hbarheight=.4pt
+\dhbarheight=1pt
+\vbarwidth=.4pt
+\dvbarwidth=1pt
+
+% auxiliary files
+\auxfilestrue
+
+% special chars
+\makebqnormal
+\makebbqaccent
+\makeandalign
+\makesharpparam
+\makelgtother
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/yfonts.mac b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/yfonts.mac
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..499fbb6e9b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/yfonts.mac
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+% Copyright (c) 1985, 1986 Daniel C. Brotsky.  All rights reserved.
+% Font macros for yTeX.  See the file YTEX.MAC for details.
+
+% CONTENTS
+
+% ^L-page       contents
+% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+% 1             %% Font macros for YTEX
+% 2             %% typesize
+% 3             %% usersize
+% 4             %% initialization
+
+\message{typesize,}
+
+\newif\ifmagscaling
+\newif\ifexactsizes
+\newdimen\typesiz@
+\newtoks\baselinefactor
+
+\def\typesize {\afterassignment\typ@size\dimen@}
+\def\typ@siz@ {%
+  \let\typ@size=\siz@rr
+  \ymessage{{\string\typesize=\the\dimen@}}
+  \ifdim       10\p@=\dimen@ \tenp@int    \csname usersizeten\endcsname
+  \else \ifdim 11\p@=\dimen@ \elevenp@int \csname usersizeeleven\endcsname
+  \else \ifdim 12\p@=\dimen@ \twelvep@int \csname usersizetwelve\endcsname
+  \else \let\typ@size=\typ@siz@
+        \errhelp={Insert `\string\typesize=<dimen>'
+                  where <dimen> is 10pt, 11pt, or 12pt.}%
+        \errmessage{Unrecognized size (\the\dimen@) in \string\typesize.
+                    Try again.}\fi\fi\fi}
+\def\siz@rr {%
+  \errhelp={Just continue and I'll ignore the size switch.}%
+  \errmessage{You can't change sizes in the middle of a document.}%
+  \relax}
+\def\fixsiz@ {%
+  \ifx\typ@size\siz@rr
+    \else \global\let\typ@size=\siz@rr \global\let\fixsiz@=\relax
+          \errhelp={Too late now.  Just continue and I'll assume you want }%
+          \addtotoks\errhelp\expandafter{\the\typesiz@.}%
+          \errmessage{You never gave a \string\typesize\space command.}%
+    \fi}
+\let\typ@size=\typ@siz@
+
+\def\tenp@int {%
+  \typesiz@=10pt
+  \s@tten \mag=\magstep\z@}
+
+\def\elevenp@int {%
+  \typesiz@=11pt
+  \ifmagscaling
+    \s@tten \ifexactsizes \mag=1100 \else \mag=\magstephalf \fi
+  \else
+    \s@televen \mag=\magstep\z@
+  \fi}
+
+\def\twelvep@int {%
+  \typesiz@=12pt
+  \ifmagscaling
+    \s@tten \ifexactsizes \mag=1200 \else \mag=\magstep\@ne \fi
+  \else
+    \s@ttwelve \mag=\magstep\z@
+  \fi}
+
+\def\s@tten {%
+  \let\regsize=\tenpoint
+  \let\smlsize=\ninepoint
+  \let\smllsize=\eightpoint
+  \let\smlllsize=\eightpoint
+  \let\bigsize=\twelvepoint
+  \let\biggsize=\fourteenpoint
+  \let\bigggsize=\eighteenpoint
+  \regsize}
+
+\def\s@televen {%
+  \let\regsize=\elevenpoint
+  \let\smlsize=\tenpoint
+  \let\smllsize=\ninepoint
+  \let\smlllsize=\eightpoint
+  \let\bigsize=\twelvepoint
+  \let\biggsize=\fourteenpoint
+  \let\bigggsize=\eighteenpoint
+  \regsize}
+
+\def\s@ttwelve {%
+  \let\regsize=\twelvepoint
+  \let\smlsize=\tenpoint
+  \let\smllsize=\ninepoint
+  \let\smlllsize=\eightpoint
+  \let\bigsize=\fourteenpoint
+  \let\biggsize=\eighteenpoint
+  \let\bigggsize=\eighteenpoint
+  \regsize}
+
+\message{usersize,}
+
+% new def of \setnormalspa@cing that leaves displayskips alone
+\def\setnormalsp@cing{%  SIDE EFFECT is to go into \rm
+  \rm   % set the em properly
+  \normalbaselineskip=\the\baselinefactor em%
+  \normalbaselines}
+
+% user hook to \setnormalsp@cing
+\def\setnormalbaselines {\setnormalsp@cing}
+
+\def\normalbaselines{%
+  \lineskip\normallineskip
+  \baselineskip\normalbaselineskip
+  \lineskiplimit\normallineskiplimit
+  \setbox\strutbox=\hbox{\vrule height .7\baselineskip
+                                depth .3\baselineskip width\z@}}
+
+\def\usereighteenpointmacro {%
+  \let\smllrm=\twelverm
+  \let\smlrm=\fourteenrm\let\smlit=\fourteenit
+  \let\smlbf=\fourteenbf\let\smltt=\fourteentt}
+
+\def\userfourteenpointmacro {%
+  \let\smllrm=\tenrm
+  \let\smlrm=\twelverm\let\smlit=\twelveit
+  \let\smlbf=\twelvebf\let\smltt=\twelvett}
+
+\def\usertwelvepointmacro {%
+  \let\smllrm=\ninerm
+  \let\smlrm=\tenrm\let\smlit=\tenit
+  \let\smlbf=\tenbf\let\smltt=\eleventt}
+
+\def\userelevenpointmacro {%
+  \let\smllrm=\eightrm
+  \let\smlrm=\tenrm\let\smlit=\tenit
+  \let\smlbf=\tenbf\let\smltt=\tentt}
+
+\def\usertenpointmacro {%
+  \let\smllrm=\eightrm
+  \let\smlrm=\ninerm\let\smlit=\nineit
+  \let\smlbf=\ninebf\let\smltt=\ninett}
+
+\def\userninepointmacro {%
+  \let\smllrm=\sevenrm
+  \let\smlrm=\eightrm\let\smlit=\eightit
+  \let\smlbf=\eightbf\let\smltt=\eighttt}
+
+\def\usereightpointmacro {%
+  \let\smllrm=\sevenrm
+  \let\smlrm=\eightrm\let\smlit=\eightit
+  \let\smlbf=\eightbf\let\smltt=\eighttt}
+
+\message{initialization,}
+
+% parameters
+\magscalingtrue
+\baselinefactor={1.3}
+
+% default type size
+\tenp@int
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ylog.mac b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ylog.mac
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d0ad664368d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ylog.mac
@@ -0,0 +1,494 @@
+% Copyright (c) 1985, 1986 Daniel C. Brotsky.  All rights reserved.
+% Log of changes to the yTeX macros.  See the file YTEX.MAC for details.
+% This header declares the yTeX version.
+\def\fmtversion {2.0}
+\endinput
+
+RELEASE 0.93 -- 30 Jan 85
+
+30 Jan 85
+-put call to \titlesection in \section
+-add \secdef and \secref
+-make floating figures the default
+-add \figureskip, \captionskip
+-add full page stationary figures
+-add full page section figures
+-change \figuresize to \captionsize
+-check after floating figure if \vpar indicated by glue
+
+RELEASE 0.94 -- 30 Jan 85
+
+31 Jan 85
+-define \figure and friends via def to allow changing underlying
+definitions
+-add \futurearg
+-enclose \readarg actions in a group to allow nesting
+-add raggedcenter
+-change \title, \author, and friends to be paragraphs
+-broke \chapter into \@chapter,\@ch@pter, same with \section
+
+4 Feb 85
+-encapsulate big \before@rgs in \footnote and \table in
+sub-macros
+-adjust \hbadness and \leftskip/\rightskip in \raggedcenter to
+force maximum full lines and no underfull box messages.
+-add \verb and friends
+-put extra braces in \chapter and \section \toksmessage
+-make \verb do obeyspaces
+-change \\ to \!
+-change \inverbatim to do an \afterassignment
+-add \let\par=\endgraf to \verbatim
+-add \addtodef and \addspecial
+-change various macros to use \addtotoks and \addtodef when
+possible
+-interchange handy hacks and reading args
+-add specials hacking: \otherspecials and friends
+-insert \newverbatim, def \beginverb using \newverbatim
+-add \verbindent
+-add various parameter settings to init, remove them elsewhere
+-add \activespaces, use it instead of \obeyspaces
+
+RELEASE 0.95 -- 4 Feb 85
+
+5 Feb 85
+-add \chaptereject, define \pchapter and \@pchapter using it
+-rename \@otherspecials to \specials@ther
+-change verbatim around, add textual displays
+-get rid of \begin and \end, put begin in macro names
+-fix spread to use \futurearg
+
+RELEASE 0.96 -- 5 Feb 85
+
+6 Feb 85
+-add \st@rttime def and add call to \everyjob
+-fix \header to do \raggedright and \cr
+
+7 Feb 85
+-define captions using \captionindent
+-make \beginpartp@ge use \chaptereject
+-define \tabfil, \tabzero, and \tabem as glue specs
+-default is \makelgtother
+-make \setarg \long to allow \pars in args, add \let\futurearg=\relax
+-make \heading do a medskip
+-reduce spacing around displays
+-change \shortdate to use \shortyear
+-define \setnormalsp@cing to fix display skips
+
+8 Feb 85
+-reduce displayskips a bit more
+-change setnormalspacing to leave displayskip alone
+and do correct baseline spacing
+-change log file to just record version number
+-conditionalize 11 and 12pt defs for Helvetica and TimesRoman
+
+11 Feb 85
+-change \newtext and \newverb to use \vcenter instead of \vbox
+
+RELEASE 0.97 -- 11 Feb 85
+
+13 Feb 85
+-change \chaptereject to use \superfilpage
+-change \newtext to read pre-^^M stuff as defns arg
+-change textual displays to know about \displaywidth and
+\displayindent
+-add and use \begin/end/b/e/pgroup
+
+RELEASE 0.98 -- 13 Feb 85
+
+28 Feb 85
+-make \beginnofill call \setupnofill
+
+4 Mar 85
+-fix footnote not to use \beginpgroup and \endpgroup
+
+RELEASE 0.99 -- 5 Mar 85
+
+8 Mar 85
+-add \newelement, define \begin and \endbullets using it
+
+3 Apr 85
+-remodularize into MACROS, BASE, FONTS, USER
+
+PRE-RELEASE 0.00 -- 3 Apr 85
+
+4 Apr 85
+-add \nextpar, define \vpar using it
+-reorganize handy hacks
+-add \stripn@me
+-fix \newelement, \vstretch
+-add \setskip
+
+8 Apr 85
+-add \newmathtext, define \underline and \overline using it
+-start consistency work
+
+17 Apr 85
+-finish first pass of consistency work
+-add \eqdef and \eqref a la Eric Grimson
+-add \leftindent and \rightindent to titles, make them use
+\everypar to allow multiple paragraphs
+-put def of \output routine into USER
+
+PRE-RELEASE 0.01 -- 17 Apr 85
+
+18 Apr 85
+-fix table padding lines, add \padheight
+-fix tables and title so they have \begin/\end and argument forms
+-fix \unindent
+-fix chapters, sections, and headings to do \nointerlineskip
+before title
+-let titles be \long
+-put \endgrafs in titles
+
+RELEASE 0.1 -- 18 Apr 85
+
+19 Apr 85
+-add \endgraf to \newelement
+-fix def of \author in \titlepagedefs
+-start to remove \readarg and friends because they break normal
+macros
+-fix \tablewidth to do correct assignment
+-start renaming of keyword args
+-add \Hss and friends
+
+22 Apr 85
+-finish removal of \readarg
+-finish renaming of keyword args
+-fix \vpar to take \global prefixes, remove \nextpar
+-fix \padline timing bug
+-change the \ytex macro
+
+RELEASE 0.2 -- 22 Apr 85
+
+23 Apr 85
+-add \ucsy and \ucsybox
+-change default typesize to 10pt
+-put \lastskip check in \newelement
+
+25 Apr 85
+-change \linespread back to \spread
+-put open braces of defs on same line as \endcsname
+-go to \newpar
+-change \vpar to \unindent in base, restore in user
+-fix footnotes not to interfere with \textindent
+
+29 Apr 85
+-fix problems related to \vpar rename (TLP, TERZOP)
+
+RELEASE 0.3 -- 29 Apr 85
+
+30 Apr 85
+-go to \newfloat scheme
+-add page layout parameters
+-rename \t* to \title*
+-add \t* as user macros
+-add \ignore as user macro
+
+1 May 85
+-fix error in def of \newfitfloat which clobbered \topfloat (WELG)
+-fix spelling bug in \floatingfigures
+-fix \if bug in \spre@d
+-add % where necessary in \obeylines def groups
+-fix \ytexoutput to use \botfloat instead of \footins
+-add boxes to all figure defs
+-spell \expandafter correctly in \siz@rr
+-make output unbox \topfloat instead of \topins
+-add an \unindent to a non-floated fitfloat figure
+-remove unpaired version created by \newtext
+
+RELEASE 0.4 -- 1 May 85
+
+2 May 85
+-got to \halign\noalign scheme to allow interline spacing in
+\newtext and \newverb
+-change \program to \lisp; use \newtext instead of \newelement
+-add \lisplines
+-fix \begintext and friends to use \displayindent
+-change \quote to advance leftskip instead of setting it
+-fix full page figures to use \vbox to \vsize with bottom glue to
+avoid depth problems
+
+RELEASE 0.5 -- 2 May 85
+
+3 May 85
+-integrate WELG suggestion about thick horizontal and vertical
+lines
+
+6 May 85
+-change all macro parameters to toks parameters
+-change \newelement to have \above and \below
+-add \minskip, \minbreak, and \dobreak
+-fix \newelement defs in USER
+
+7 May 85
+-discipline \vpar with \ifvpar and \everypar empty test
+-add \etoks
+-change \fixedhead, \runninghead, \copyrightholder to use toks
+-add \displaytable
+-add \footnotetext
+-add \newtoks for the fonts
+-move \rectocenterheader et al to USER
+-define chapter et al with \newelement
+-change \versoeject et al to \rectoeject
+-set \floatabovefigureskip to \z@skip
+-move \verb to USER
+-fix \newelement to edef the standard name
+-add \get@rg, use it in \chapter et al
+
+RELEASE 0.6 -- 7 May 85
+
+9 May 85
+-change all \new defs to use \edef with toks to allow
+consistent macro definition
+-add \yesindent synonym for consistency
+-rename \undindent to \rem@veindent
+-add \long in front of all the standard forms that need it
+-move 2 columns to USER
+-move \raggedcenter to USER
+-move indexes to USER
+-move \everyjob to MACROS
+
+10 May 85
+-fix parameter problems from all \news using \edefs
+-change meanings of L,C,R in tables, add & and \tablestyle
+
+RELEASE 0.7 -- 10 May 85
+
+13 May 85
+-add \esp@cl to fix trailing {} in alignment preambles
+-fix empty preamble error recovery
+-set \clubpenalty=900 and \windowpenalty=900 in USER
+-set \parskip to 1pt plus2pt minus1pt
+-make \vpartrue by default
+-add \endgraf in \caption
+-set captionindent to 2em explicitly
+-fix quotes not to \offindent too early.
+
+RELEASE 0.71 -- 13 May 85
+
+14 May 85
+-fix \newtable to do \offinterlineskip after \before material
+-put \vpar instead of \unvpar below \bullets
+-add \yesinterlineskip
+-fix \pad@mble entry for non-rule columns to be a strut
+\padheight high
+-add \iffigureline, \figurelineskip, etc. to figures
+-put depth struts in last lines of captions
+
+RELEASE 0.72 -- 14 May 85
+
+16 May 85
+-rename Bigg to biggg and \Sml to \smlll
+-change \figurelineskip to \figurelinedrop
+-break out \title, \author, etc.
+-change \acknowledgements to \bottomtext
+-rationalize \footnote, \vfootnote, and \footmatter
+
+RELEASE 0.8 -- 16 May 85
+
+21 May 85
+-change \linebreak to have \ifhmode
+-change \cr in titles to have \ifhmode
+
+22 May 85
+-change \activespaces to take arg
+-add \activelines
+-add \nfootnote
+-add \footdef and \footref
+-set strut in \normalbaselines, \normallineskip in \se@tnormalspacing
+-add \ifcenterheadings
+-add \singlespace and \doublespace
+
+RELEASE 0.9 -- 22 May 85
+
+23 May 85
+-add \hss to \atpar
+
+RELEASE 0.91 -- 23 May 85
+
+24 May 85
+-remove \newmathwrap, \underline, and \overline
+-add \before and \after to \newtextwrap
+-remove \!
+
+28 May 85
+-fix misspelling of \beginpr@gram in BASE
+-add \setnormalbaselines, fix \singlespace and \doublespace
+-rename programs to lisp
+-make several fixes in \l@sp
+
+RELEASE 1.0 -- 28 May 85
+
+5 June 85
+-make \\ be \crcr in tables
+-put "Part title" message in braces
+-fix \specials@ther so it works in tables
+
+RELEASE 1.01 -- 5 June 85
+
+12 June 85
+-only insert \topsep or \botsep if insertion has height+depth
+greater than 0.
+
+RELEASE 1.02 -- 12 June 85
+
+13 June 85
+-change \newpage and \newsuperpage to put all material in a
+pgroup
+-define \titlepage and \partpage using \newelement
+-add \math
+-only insert \topsep or \botsep if page has height+depth
+-take addition of "page" to name out of \newpage et al
+
+RELEASE 1.03 -- 13 June 85
+
+14 June 85
+-change \ytex def to be correct in boldface and italics by not
+using math mode.
+
+RELEASE 1.04 -- 14 June 85
+
+19 Mar 85
+-don't allow breaks between floating figures and trailing
+whitespace
+-put prefigure floatpenalty and prefigure floatskip together in
+the before section of figures
+-leave indent on in captions, start them with \vpar
+-leave indent on in footnotes
+
+RELEASE 1.05 -- 19 June 85
+
+5 Aug 85
+-add \figurebox
+
+RELEASE 1.06 -- 5 Aug 85
+
+6 Aug 85
+-reset \parfillskip=\filskip in footnotes to allow footnotes in
+titles
+-add \setup parameter to \newpar
+-add \partagsep parameter, use it in \ftp and \atp
+-add \vtp
+-put \m@th in bullet paragraph starter
+
+RELEASE 1.07 -- 6 Aug 85
+
+7 Aug 85
+-reset \parfillskip=\filskip in figures
+-add paired delimiters \stationaryfigure et al
+-remove \figurebox
+-change \newpar to allow use of argument text
+
+RELEASE 1.08 -- 7 Aug 85
+
+26 Aug 85
+-change tagged pars to use \partagbox to avoid conflict with
+\everypar
+
+RELEASE 1.09 -- 26 Aug 85
+
+11-12 Oct 85
+-fix two columns to integrate TUGboat fixes
+-allow figures and footnotes in two column; these are one column
+-add \figuresetuphook et al
+
+RELEASE 1.1 -- 12 Oct 85
+
+14 Oct 85
+-add \doublecolumn
+
+RELEASE 1.11 -- 14 Oct 85
+
+-make fixes to \doublecolumn
+-add \pageeject
+
+RELEASE 1.12 -- 14 Oct 85
+
+15 Oct 85
+-further fixes in \twocolumntext and \doublecolumn
+-allow @ in names by default in ytex.fixes
+
+RELEASE 1.13 -- 15 Oct 85
+
+-fix absolutely glaring, obcvious bug in \doublecolumn
+
+RELEASE 1.14 -- 15 Oct 85
+
+-fix yet another glaring, obvious bug in \doublecolumn
+
+RELEASE 1.15 -- 15 Oct 85
+
+-fix bug in \pageeject (forgotten \vfil)
+
+RELEASE 1.16 -- 15 Oct 85
+
+29 Oct 85
+-fix \supereject in two-column mode
+
+RELEASE 1.17 -- 29 Oct 85
+
+30 Oct 85
+-fix closure lossage in \@input
+-add \filen@me to init, set it equal to \jobname
+-add \yesornop, \askuser
+-change \input to define \filen@me
+-add auxiliary files to NEW
+
+1 Nov 85
+-add conditional input to new
+-change \input, \@input, \@input@ to use \inputfil@
+-add \maybeinput
+
+5 Nov 85
+-add immediate write of \relax to open of aux files
+-change \inputfil@ to save state without a \begingroup
+
+6 Nov 85
+-move lisp programs from base to user
+-put auxiliary files into base
+-put citations, labels, and conditional input into user
+-add \ifyinfo and \ifydebug, conditionalize \messages
+
+3-5 Dec 85
+-remove filen@me stuff
+-make aux files only perjob or explicit
+-remove conditional input of lists of files
+-add \bibitem
+
+RELEASE 1.18 -- 5 Dec 85
+
+5 Dec 85
+-use \setupbibliography scheme
+-add missing \fi in \maybeinput
+
+RELEASE 1.19 -- 5 Dec 85
+
+13 Dec 85
+-fix citation writing to protect citations in toklists
+-rename ytex.log to ytex.record
+-add ytex.site
+-replace texinputs: with \ytexlibrary
+-removed periods in messages
+-add \ywarning, \ifywarn
+-convert citation and label messages to warnings
+-convert missing file messages to warnings
+
+RELEASE 1.20 -- 13 Dec 85 (Friday!)
+
+-go to site changes in SITE file.
+-use YPLAIN by default instead of PLAIN-CM.
+
+RELEASE 1.21 -- 29 Dec 85
+
+-rename files: MACROS to YTEX, FONTS to YFONTS, BASE to YBASE,
+USER to YUSER, RECORD to YLOG, SITE to YSITE.
+-rename files: YTEX.FIXES to YFIX.MAC, YTEX.LOCAL to YLOCAL.TEX,
+YTEX.MATH to YMATH.TEX.
+
+RELEASE 1.90 -- 14 Apr 86
+
+-add \ifexactsizes, allowing site changes.
+-make the first letter of yTeX a Y (traditional upsilon) instead
+of TeX's version (a medieval upsilon).
+
+RELEASE 2.0 -- 9 Jun 86
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ysite.mac b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ysite.mac
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d718e05036e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ysite.mac
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+% Copyright (c) 1985, 1986 Daniel C. Brotsky.  All rights reserved.
+% Site modifications for the yTeX macros.  See the file YTEX.MAC for details.
+
+%% MIT-OZ (Twenex) changes
+
+% magnification scaling is according to TeX 1.2-based scheme
+\exactsizesfalse
+
+% where to look up yTeX library files
+\def\ytexlibrary {texinputs:}
+
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ytex-cm.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ytex-cm.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..60f7b88c51b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ytex-cm.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+% preload an INITEX with YTEX
+\input plain
+\def\fmtname {YTEX-CM}
+\input ytex.mac
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ytex.ieee b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ytex.ieee
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..59559beab46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ytex.ieee
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+% -*- TeX -*-
+% for yTeX
+% Michael A. Gennert 
+% MICHAELG%OZ@MIT-MC
+
+% These macros generate IEEE style papers.  They break each page into
+% 4 pieces, except for the first page, which is broken into 5.  This
+% allows a paper to be created with the minimum amount of pasting onto
+% pages.  The text of all pages is broken into quadrants, where each
+% quadrant is 4.25 inches wide by 5.75 inches long.  Two quadrants are
+% pasted together to make a column and two columns pasted together to
+% make a page.  The top two quadrants of the first page are shorter,
+% allowing space for the title piece.  There are no headers nor
+% footers.  Twocolumn mode may not be used (it is superfluous).
+% Glosses are not allowed.  A typical paper looks like:
+
+% \input <michaelg.tex>yTeX.ieee
+% \begintitlepage
+% \ctitle{yTeX.IEEE: A NEW MACRO PACKAGE}
+% \cauthor{Michael A. Gennert}
+% \caffiliation{Artificial Intelligence Laboratory\cr
+% Massachusetts Institute of Technology\cr
+% Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139\cr}
+% \endtitlepage
+% \section{Abstract}
+% This paper introduces a new macro package called yTeX.IEEE, for the
+% yTeX text formatter.  And so on.
+% \section{1. Introduction} ...
+
+% There are new entries for the titlepage, \affiliation and
+% \caffiliation, that behave exactly like \author and \cauthor, except
+% that their font is \affiliationfont, defaulting to \regsize\rm.
+
+% \section underlines and centers the section title and numbers it.
+% \subsection underlines and places flush left.  \subsubsection
+% underlines, indents, and then runs the text in.  Each has its own
+% font, defaulting to \regsize\bf.
+
+% Footnotes cannot be used in the title page.  They disappear if you try.
+
+% The \draft macro does not put the words draft anywhere now, since it
+% used to use glosses, which are disabled.  But, it does give a rule
+% at the edge of overfull boxes, helpful for pointing out lines that
+% are too long.
+
+% The \ref macro makes references easier.  Sample usage is
+% \ref{1} M.A. Gennert, ``yTeX.IEEE: A New Macro Package,''
+
+% While yTeX is running, it prints the page numbers on the screen as
+% they are shipped out.  Here, we use a convention for page numbers.
+% The title page is page 0.  Other pages are of the form pq, where p
+% is the manuscript page (which of course never gets shipped out at
+% all), and q is the quadrant, from 1 to 4.  Thus, the normal sequence
+% of page numbers on the screen will be [0], [1.1], ... [1.4], [2.1] ...
+
+\makeatletter % allow @ in macro names
+
+\offrunners % no runners at all
+
+% quadrants
+\countdef\quadrant=1
+\quadrant=1
+
+% Title page hacks.  Titles cannot have footnotes.  If you can make title
+% footnotes appear at the bottom of the first column of text, let me
+% know how you did it.  Title should be 1.875 inches high and normal width.
+
+% main title pages %%% vsize 1.875 truein?
+\newelement\titlepage
+  \setup \output={\ytextitlepageoutput}
+  \above
+  \below
+  \begin \begintitlingpage \hsize=6.5truein \vsize=8truein \ymessage{{Title page}}
+  \end \endgraf \endtitlingpage \global\vsize=8.625truein
+  \endnew
+
+% title pages for sub-parts of a book, etc.
+\newelement\partpage
+  \setup \ymessage{{No part titles allowed in IEEE format}}
+  \above
+  \below
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+
+% add spacing around elements of title
+\newtitle\title
+  \box \vbottom
+  \shape \titleleft{\z@}{\z@}%
+  \font \the\titlefont
+  \setup
+  \begin
+  \end \vskip .20truein plus .25truein minus .10truein
+  \endnew
+\newtitle\ctitle
+  \box \vbottom
+  \shape \titlecenter{\z@}{\z@}%
+  \font \the\titlefont
+  \setup
+  \begin
+  \end \vskip .20truein plus .25truein minus .10truein
+  \endnew
+\newtitle\author
+  \box \vbottom
+  \shape \titleleft{\z@}{\z@}%
+  \font \the\authorfont
+  \setup
+  \begin \vskip .15truein plus .25truein minus .5truein
+  \end \vskip .15truein plus .25truein minus .5truein
+  \endnew
+\newtitle\cauthor
+  \box \vbottom
+  \shape \titlecenter{\z@}{\z@}%
+  \font \the\authorfont
+  \setup
+  \begin \vskip .15truein plus .25truein minus .5truein
+  \end \vskip .15truein plus .25truein minus .5truein
+  \endnew
+
+% affiliation
+\newtoks\affiliationfont
+\newtitle\affiliation
+  \box \vbottom
+  \shape \titleleft{\z@}{\z@}%
+  \font \the\affiliation
+  \setup
+  \begin \vskip .15truein plus .25truein minus .5truein
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newtitle\caffiliation
+  \box \vbottom
+  \shape \titlecenter{\z@}{\z@}%
+  \font \the\affiliationfont
+  \setup
+  \begin \vskip .15truein plus .25truein minus .5truein
+  \end
+  \endnew
+
+% fonts
+\affiliationfont={\regsize\rm}
+
+% title page output routine
+\def\ytextitlepageoutput {\pageno=0 %
+  \shipout\vbox{% 
+    \hbox to6.5truein{%
+      \hss
+      \vbox to1.875truein{%
+        \offinterlineskip
+        \unvbox\@cclv
+        }% end of contents \vbox
+      \hss}% end of centering \hbox
+    }% end of centering \vbox
+  \ifnum\outputpenalty>-\@MM \else\dosupereject\fi
+  \global\output={\ytexoutput}}
+
+% normal(?) output routine
+\def\ytexoutput {%
+  \iftrimpages \trimp@ge\fi
+  \setbox\@cclv=\vbox{\pagecontents}
+  \setbox\z@=\vsplit\@cclv to 5.7truein
+  \shipout\addpageno{\box\z@} 
+  \advancequadrant
+  \shipout\addpageno{\box\@cclv}
+  \advancequadrant
+  \ifnum\quadrant=1\global\vsize=11.4truein\fi
+  \ifnum\outputpenalty>-\@MM \else\dosupereject\fi}
+
+% fancy quadrant increment scheme
+\def\advancequadrant{%
+  \global\advance\quadrant by 1
+  \ifnum\quadrant>4 \global\advance\quadrant by -4 \global\advance\pageno by 1\fi}
+
+% add page number to bottom of output sheet
+\def\addpageno#1{%
+  \vbox to 9truein{%
+    \hbox to 6.5truein{#1\hss}
+    \vskip 0pt plus 1filll
+    \hbox to 6.5truein{\hss\number\pageno .\number\quadrant}}}
+
+% sections, subsections, subsubsections
+\newtitle\sectiontitle
+  \box \vbottom
+  \shape \titlecenter{\z@}{\z@}
+  \font \the\sectionfont
+  \setup
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+
+\newelement\section
+  \setup \get@rg\endsection \sectionsetup
+  \above \minbreak \presectionpenalty \abovesectionskip
+  \below \dobreak \postsectionpenalty \belowsectionskip \vpar
+  \begin \get@rg
+  \end \ymessage{{Section: \the\toks@}}%
+       \sectiontitle{\underbar{\the\toks@}}%
+  \endnew
+\setskip\abovesectionskip \dimen 9pt \glue \parskip \factor 3000
+\setskip\belowsectionskip \dimen 3pt \glue \parskip \factor 2000
+
+\newtitle\subsectiontitle
+  \box \vbottom
+  \shape \titleleft{\z@}{\z@}
+  \font \the\subsectionfont
+  \setup
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+
+\newelement\subsection
+  \setup \get@rg\endsubsection
+  \above \minbreak \presectionpenalty \abovesectionskip
+  \below \dobreak \postsectionpenalty \belowsectionskip \vpar
+  \begin \get@rg
+  \end \ymessage{{Subsection: \the\toks@}}%
+       \subsectiontitle{\underbar{\the\toks@}}%
+  \endnew
+
+\def\subsubsection#1{%
+  \minbreak \presectionpenalty \abovesectionskip
+  \underbar{{\the\subsubsectionfont #1}} \noindent}
+
+% subsection and subsubsection fonts
+\newtoks\subsectionfont
+\subsectionfont={\regsize\bf}
+\newtoks\subsubsectionfont
+\subsubsectionfont={\regsize\bf}
+
+% references are adjoint tagged paragraphs 
+\def\ref#1{\atpar{[#1]}}
+
+% skip .5 inch after the abstract
+\def\abstractskip{\vskip .5truein}
+
+% first paragraph after a heading not flush left
+\vparfalse
+
+% footnotes have a rule along their entire length
+\def\footnoterule{\kern-3pt
+  \hrule width \hsize \kern 2.6pt}
+
+% set page size
+\hsize=4.25truein
+\vsize=11.4truein
+
+% set proper spacing
+\baselinefactor={1.1}\setnormalbaselines
+
+% disallow @ elsewhere
+\makeatother
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ytex.mac b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ytex.mac
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3fb03e09820
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ytex.mac
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+% Copyright (c) 1985, 1986 Daniel C. Brotsky.  All rights reserved.
+% The yTeX macros.  Written and maintained by DCB@MIT-AI.ARPA
+% Questions, suggestions, bug reports by net mail to BUG-YTEX@MIT-AI.ARPA
+
+\ifx \fmtname\completelyundefinedcontrolsequence
+  \input yplain.mac \fi                 % load a Plain format if needed
+
+\message{[Loading the YTEX macros:}
+
+% CONTENTS
+
+% ^L-page       contents
+% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+% 1             %% YTEX macros
+% 2             %% setup
+% 3             %% Load the library
+% 4             %% Load the fonts
+% 5             %% Load the user level
+% 6             %% miscellany
+% 7             %% initialization
+
+%% setup
+
+% @ used in macros
+\def\makeatletter {\catcode`\@=11\relax}
+\def\makeatother {\catcode`\@=12\relax}
+\makeatletter
+
+% conditional message output
+\newif\ifyinfo
+\newif\ifywarn
+\newif\ifydebug
+\def\ymessage #1{\ifyinfo \message{#1}\fi}
+\def\ywarning #1{\ifywarn \message{#1}\fi}
+\def\ybuginfo #1{\ifydebug \message{#1}\fi}
+
+% preserve def of \input
+\let\@@input=\input
+
+%% Load the library
+
+\message{(BASE)}
+\@@input ybase.mac
+
+%% Load the fonts
+
+\message{(FONTS)}
+\@@input yfonts.mac
+
+%% Load the user level
+
+\message{(USER)}
+\@@input yuser.mac
+
+%% miscellany
+
+% library location
+\def\ytexlibrary {}
+
+% name of this TeX
+\def\yTeX {\leavevmode\lower.5ex\hbox{Y}\kern-.1667em\TeX}
+\def\ytex {\yTeX}
+\let\YTEX=\ytex
+\let\YTeX=\ytex
+\let\oopstex=\ytex
+
+%% initialization
+
+% format name, version, and site modifications
+\ifx \fmtname\completelyundefinedcontrolsequence
+  \def\fmtname{yTeX}\fi
+\@@input ylog.mac
+\@@input ysite.mac
+
+% read fixes and augmentations to these macros
+\everyjob={%
+  \ymessage{{YTEX version \fmtversion}}%
+  \st@rttime
+  \makeatletter
+  \@input{\ytexlibrary yfix.mac}{\ymessage{{No fixes}}}%
+  \makeatother
+  \@input@{ymath}{}%
+  \@input@{ylocal}{}%
+  }
+
+% no user @ in macro names, print messages only
+\makeatother
+\yinfotrue
+\ywarntrue
+\ydebugfalse
+
+\message{(DONE)]}
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ytex.mail b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ytex.mail
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f0cd755071b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/ytex.mail
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+
+ 3-Jun-86 12:20:41-EDT,1879;000000000000
+Mail-From: DCB created at  3-Jun-86 12:20:27
+Date: 3 Jun 1986  12:20 EDT (Tue)
+Message-ID: <DCB.12211894578.BABYL@MIT-OZ>
+From: Daniel Brotsky <DCB@OZ.AI.MIT.EDU>
+To:   info-ytex@OZ.AI.MIT.EDU
+Subject: New yTeX release: version 2.0
+cc:   dcb@OZ.AI.MIT.EDU
+
+I have just released version 2.0.  There are only cosmetic
+differences between this version and the last version.  These
+are:
+
+o    The file YTEX.LOCAL is renamed to YLOCAL.TEX
+
+o    The file YTEX.MATH is renamed to YMATH.TEX
+
+o    The file YTEX.USAGE is renamed to YUSAGE.TEX
+
+o    All the yTeX source files have moved from TEXLOCAL:
+     to KS:<TEX.YTEX>.
+
+The new version is due to a slight restructuring of the source
+files.  In particular, there have been the following name
+changes:
+
+YTEX.MACROS --> YTEX.MAC
+YTEX.BASE   --> YBASE.MAC
+YTEX.FONTS  --> YFONTS.MAC
+YTEX.USER   --> YUSER.MAC
+YTEX.LOG    --> YLOG.MAC
+YTEX.FIXES  --> YFIX.MAC
+
+In addition, there is a new file YSITE.MAC which contains
+settings and definitions appropriate to the yTeX installation at
+a particular site.
+
+These changes were made to make yTeX easier to transport to
+installations where, for example, file names can only have six
+characters in the name and three characters in the extension.  In
+addition, the sources no longer refer to logical names such as
+TEXINPUTS:; instead, they use a prepended string \ytexlibrary
+which is defined in the YSITE file.  (On OZ the definition in the
+YSITE file for \ytexlibrary is TEXINPUTS: so the behavior of yTeX
+on OZ should not change.)
+
+Note that the YUSAGE documentation file has not been updated to
+relect these name changes.  If anyone feels like doing this, they
+should feel free.
+
+If you maintain yTeX at another site, you should import the new
+version immediately.
+
+This will be the last change I make in yTeX for quite a while.
+
+
+        dan
+ 3-Jun-86 12:35:14-EDT,658;000000000000
+Mail-From: DCB created at  3-Jun-86 12:34:44
+Date: 3 Jun 1986  12:34 EDT (Tue)
+Message-ID: <DCB.12211897177.BABYL@MIT-OZ>
+From: Daniel Brotsky <DCB@OZ.AI.MIT.EDU>
+To:   info-ytex@OZ.AI.MIT.EDU
+Subject: yTeX 2.0 documentation fixed.
+cc:   dcb@OZ.AI.MIT.EDU
+
+OK, OK, I updated the documentation file to show the new file
+names.  If I really get motivated, I will even add stuff to the
+documentation about all the wonderful new features that went in
+months ago, like \twocolumntext and \doublecolumn and \maybeinput
+and cross references and bibliographies and \yesornop.  Better
+yet, maybe someone else will get inspired and do it for me!
+
+        dan
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/yusage.lst b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/yusage.lst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..013d7447565
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/yusage.lst
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+This is TeX, MIT-OZ Version 1.5 (preloaded format=ytex-am 86.6.9)  20 NOV 1986 23:37
+**YUSAGE.TEX.5
+(KANSAS:<TEX.YTEX>YUSAGE.TEX.5 {YTEX version 2.0} {No fixes}
+{\typesize=11.0pt}
+\abovegabskip=\skip58
+\belowgabskip=\skip59
+\pregabpenalty=\count60
+\postgabpenalty=\count61
+\abovebottomtextskip=\skip60
+\belowbottomtextskip=\skip61
+\prebottomtextpenalty=\count62
+\postbottomtextpenalty=\count63
+ {Main title} [0] {Section: What is \ytex ?}
+{Section: About This Document} [1]
+{Section: Some Notation and Conventions I Use Throughout}
+Overfull \vbox (2.30855pt too high) has occurred while \output is active
+\vbox(528.0+3.60753)x336.0, glue set - 1.0
+.\glue(\topskip) 3.05556
+.\hbox(6.94444+2.15277)x336.0, glue set - 0.42229
+..\hbox(0.0+0.0)x20.0
+..\tenrm I
+..\tenrm f
+..\glue 3.33333 plus 1.66666 minus 1.1111
+..\tenrm y
+..etc.
+.\penalty 900
+.\glue(\baselineskip) 3.90282
+.\hbox(6.94444+1.94444)x336.0, glue set - 0.00592
+..\tenrm t
+..\tenrm u
+..\tenrm r
+..\tenrm n
+..\glue 3.33333 plus 1.66666 minus 1.1111
+..etc.
+.etc.
+
+
+[2] {Section: Format of a \ytex \ Input File} [3]
+{Section: How To Invoke \ytex } {Section: Where are the Sources}
+{Section: The \ytex \ View of Documents} [4]
+{Section: The Five Kinds of \ytex \ Commands} [5]
+{Section: More About Delimiter Commands} [6] [7]
+{Section: More About Switches} {Section: A List of the \ytex \ User Macros}
+{Heading: Titling Pages} [8] {Heading: Chapters and Sections} [9]
+{Heading: Page Layout} [10] {Heading: Paragraphs} [11] [12]
+{Heading: Fonts and Sizes} [13] {Heading: Figures} [14] [15] [16]
+{Heading: Tables} [17] [18] {Heading: Footnotes} {Heading: Textual Displays}
+[19] [20] [21] {Heading: Two-Column Text}
+{Heading: Formatting Small Pieces of Text} [22] {Heading: The Date}
+{Heading: Miscellany} [23] {Section: For Wizards Only} {Heading: Page Glosses}
+{Heading: Size Changing} [24] {Heading: Setup Hooks}
+{Heading: More About Tables} [25] {Section: A List of Many \ytex \ Commands}
+{Heading: The Commands} [26] [27] [28] {Heading: Parameters} [29] [30]
+{Heading: Switches} [31]
+Output written on KANSAS:<TEX.YTEX>YUSAGE.DVI.1 (32 pages, 86408 bytes).
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/yusage.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/yusage.tex
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..202435fffa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/yusage.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,1772 @@
+% for yTeX
+\typesize=10pt
+\runninghead={How to Use \ytex}
+\makelgtbrackets
+
+% small caps font
+\font\sc=cmcsc10
+
+% easy indexing of macros described
+\let\+=\relax                                   % commands
+\let\==\relax                                   % parameters
+\let\:=\relax                                   % switches
+
+% easy verbatim stuff
+\catcode`\"=12\relax
+\def\"{\hbox{\tt "}}
+\def\verbq{\verb"}
+\addspecial\"
+\catcode`\"=\active \let"=\verbq
+
+% macro descriptions
+\newelement\gab
+  \setup \unvpar
+         \advance\parskip by2pt plus1pt
+         \leftskip=\parindent
+         \clubpenalty=10000
+         \def\*{\noindent \hskip-\leftskip\ignorespaces}%
+         \def\\{\linebreak\ignorespaces}%
+         \def\##1{{\tt \char`\{}#1{\tt \char`\}}}%
+  \above \minbreak \pregabpenalty \abovegabskip
+  \below \dobreak \postgabpenalty \belowgabskip \vpar
+  \begin
+  \end \endgraf
+  \endnew
+\abovegabskip=\abovebulletsskip
+\belowgabskip=\belowbulletsskip
+\pregabpenalty=\prebulletspenalty
+\postgabpenalty=\postbulletspenalty
+
+% names for TeXs
+\let\tex=\TeX
+\def\LaTeX{L\kern-.2em\raise.3ex\hbox{a}\kern-.09em\TeX}
+\let\latex=\LaTeX
+\def\Tbase{\sy{TBASE}}
+\let\tbase=\Tbase
+\def\Plain{{\rm Plain}}
+\let\plain=\Plain
+\def\lisp{L{\smllrm ISP}}
+
+\begintitlepage
+
+\tcenter{\sc The Artificial Intelligence Laboratory\\ Massachusetts
+Institute of Technology}
+
+\vskip 1pc
+
+\spread {Working Paper 273}{May 1985}
+\spread {}{Revised, June 1986}
+
+\vskip 6pc
+
+\ctitle {How to Use \ytex}
+
+\vskip 3pc
+
+\cauthor {Daniel Brotsky\\ June 9, 1986}
+
+\vskip 3pc
+
+\beginabstract
+
+\ytex---pronounced {\it why}-\tex\ or {\it oops}-\tex---is a
+\tex\ macro package.  \ytex\ provides both an easy-to-use
+interface for \tex\ novices and a powerful macro-creation library
+for \tex\ programmers.  It is this two-tier structure that makes
+\ytex\ more useful to a diverse \tex\ user community than other
+macro packages such as \plain\ or \latex.
+
+This paper contains \ytex\ instructions intended for novice
+users.  It summarizes the facilities provided in \ytex\ and
+concludes with a table of useful commands.
+
+The version of \ytex\ documented here is release \fmtversion.
+
+\endabstract
+
+\beginbottomtext
+
+Work on \ytex\ was supported by a desire to avoid doing real
+work, like research.
+
+\smallskip
+
+A.I. Laboratory Working Papers are produced for internal
+circulation, and may contain information that is, for example,
+too preliminary or too detailed for formal publication.  It is
+not intended that they should be considered papers to which
+reference can be made in the literature.
+
+\endbottomtext
+
+\endtitlepage
+
+\section {What is \ytex?}
+
+\ytex---usually pronounced {\it why}-\tex\ but see below---is a
+\tex\ macro package.  \ytex\ evolved from the author's experience
+with other \tex\ macro packages, primarily \tbase, \plain,
+\latex, and the \sy{PHW} book macros.  This experience showed
+that, on the one hand, packages as complete as \latex\ or \tbase\
+tend to be inflexible while, on the other hand, packages as
+flexible as \plain\ tend to be incomplete.  \ytex\ ties both
+hands together by aiming for inflexibility and incompleteness
+simultaneously.
+
+Like most \tex-related programs and macro packages, \ytex\ has a
+``cute'' name that attempts a dual-language pun in English and
+pseudo-Greek.\footnote*{The result is about as weak the premise
+suggests.} The letter preceding the \tex\ in \ytex\ is not just a
+`Y' but also an {\it upsilon}---the Greek antecedent for the
+English letters `u' and `y'.\footnote\dag{Experienced \TeX\ math
+hackers may know that \TeX\ makes a version of capital upsilon
+available as $\Upsilon$, and they may wonder why the name \yTeX\
+is not spelled as \lower.5ex\hbox{$\Upsilon$}\kern-.1667em\TeX.
+That's because \TeX's version of $\Upsilon$ is not a Greek
+version (one of which really looked like `Y'---trust the Romans
+to be accurate in their borrowing) but actually the Uncial
+version popular among middle-ages religious circles.  Hey, what
+can I say?  Trust \TeX\ to be medieval whenever possible.} Thus
+you may pronounce \ytex\ as the expected {\it why}-\tex, the
+erudite {\it upsilon}-\tex, or the shorter {\it oops}-\tex.  But
+when you spell it to the computer, you have to spell it
+\sy{YTEX}.
+
+\section {About This Document}
+
+This document contains basic instructions for using \ytex.  It
+describes the things you can do using the user interface that
+\ytex\ always provides.  It does {\it not} explain how to use the
+\ytex\ library facilities to add to and replace parts of that
+interface.  Readers who are interested in such matters should
+look at the \ytex\ sources.
+
+If you are a complete \tex\ beginner you may find this document
+hard to follow.  In fact, almost everyone will find parts of the
+presentation hard to follow.  My advice to those who are confused
+is to not worry about it: most of the time you will be confused
+because you are reading about a feature you have no use for and
+thus no experience with.  If you need to use something and don't
+understand what is said about it here, just try the examples I
+give in one of your manuscripts and see if you can figure it out
+from there.  If that doesn't work, try finding someone who does
+use the feature and ask them.  As a last resort, try finding a
+\tex\ wizard and asking them.
+
+If you wish a quick summary of most of the \ytex\ commands, you
+should turn to the tables of commands, parameters, and switches
+at the very end of this document.
+
+\section {Some Notation and Conventions I Use Throughout}
+
+In what follows, I try to use notation and conventions very
+similar to those Knuth uses in the \tex book.  For
+convenience,\footnote*{(and also for those many of us who find
+the \tex book completely confusing)} I summarize most of
+the conventions here.
+
+\beginbullets
+
+\bpar Text set in "typewriter" type is suitable for \ytex\ input.
+
+\bpar Commands---also called {\it control sequences} or {\it
+macros}---all start with a backslash.  {\it Alphabetic commands}
+such as "\section" and "\it" have one or more letters after their
+backslash, while {\it non-alphabetic commands} such as "\'" and
+"\&" have a single non-letter after their backslash.  When you
+use an alphabetic command, you must have a space or other
+non-letter right after the command name (as in "{\it italics}"),
+and any spaces after the command are ignored by \tex.  When you
+use a non-alphabetic command, you can have anything at all after
+the command name (as in the Spanish "m\'agico"), and spaces you
+put there are {\it not} ignored by \tex.
+
+\bpar Commands sometimes need {\it arguments}, such as the stuff
+typed in braces in
+\beginverb
+\section {This is the Argument.}
+\endverb
+Most commands which use arguments---a process also called {\it
+taking} or {\it reading} arguments---expect their arguments to be
+enclosed in braces (as they were in this example).  But there are
+other ways of specifying arguments, and these are detailed in
+what follows.
+
+\bpar \ytex\ and \tex\ both have the notion of {\it parameters}
+which have {\it values}.  For example, the value of the "\hsize"
+parameter is used as the normal length of lines in paragraphs.
+To set a parameter, you give the name of the parameter, an
+optional `"="' sign, and then the desired new value for the
+parameter.  For example, to set the normal line length to 5
+inches, you could say either of the following things:
+\beginverb
+\hsize=5in
+\hsize 5in
+\endverb
+
+\bpar There are several kinds of parameters: <integer> parameters
+hold integers (such as 3 or $-1$), <dimen> parameters hold
+distances (such as "2in" or "5pt"), <glue> parameters hold
+variable distances (such as "6pt plus 2pt minus 1pt"), and <toks>
+parameters hold token lists (such as
+"{\bigsize\bf}").\footnote\dag{There are also <muglue>
+parameters, but only math wizards worry about those.} The
+different kinds of parameters are used for different purposes;
+for example, the "\hsize" parameter mentioned above is a <dimen>
+because line length is a distance, and the "\pageno" parameter
+that holds the current page number is---as expected---an
+<integer> parameter.  But no matter what their type, you assign
+values to parameters in the manner described above.
+
+\bpar If you ever want to examine the value of a parameter---for
+example, if you want to know what it is so you can change it
+appropriately---you can get \ytex\ to show you the value by
+putting "\showthe" in front of the parameter name.  For example,
+if you said "\showthe\parindent" in your input file, \ytex\ would print
+\beginverb
+>20.0pt.
+...  \showthe\parindent
+\endverb
+on your terminal screen when it processes your input.  It would
+then pause and wait for you to type a carriage return before
+continuing.
+
+\endbullets
+
+\section {Format of a \ytex\ Input File}
+
+\ytex\ input is just normal \tex\ input.\footnote*{Of course,
+this means \tex82!  \tbase\ input, for example, will not work in
+\ytex.}  It is customary, however, to start \ytex\ input files
+with a comment indicating that \ytex\ is expected to process the
+file.  For example, the manuscript file for this document starts
+with the line
+\beginverb
+% for yTeX
+\endverb
+so anyone who looks at the file will realize this.
+
+The first command in every \ytex\ manuscript should be a
+\="\typesize"\= command specifying the desired type size for the
+text of the document.  For example, after the comment shown
+above, the manuscript for this document has the line
+\beginverb
+\typesize=11pt
+\endverb
+As you can see, a "\typesize" command looks like a command for
+setting one of \tex's <dimen> parameters, such as "\parindent".
+However, the dimension that follows the equal sign must be one
+of 10pt, 11pt, or 12pt, since these are the only sizes that
+\ytex\ supports for normal text.
+
+If you forget to put a "\typesize" command at the beginning of
+your manuscript, \ytex\ will complain with the error message
+\beginverb
+! You never gave a \typesize command.
+\endverb
+Don't panic; just type a carriage return and \ytex\ will use
+10~point type.  But you should add a "\typesize" command before
+you run the file again.
+
+You can't give more than one "\typesize" command in a single
+manuscript.  This is because \ytex\ implements your desired size
+by magnifying a 10pt document by the right amount, and \tex\ does
+not like to change magnification in the middle of a run.  This
+may seem like a drawback, but it's really a feature, because it
+means that the line and page breaks will not change if you run a
+manuscript through \ytex\ a second time using a different
+typesize!  So you can proof your document in one size and run it
+off in a different size without worrying about formatting
+changes.
+
+\section {How To Invoke \ytex}
+
+To invoke \ytex\ on \sy{OZ} you give the command \sy{YTEX} to the
+\sy{EXEC}.\footnote*{The commands \sy{YTEXHE} and \sy{YTEXTR}
+also exist for those who prefer the Helvetica or Times Roman font
+families.} \ytex\ starts up by printing a release number and
+reading in any recent fixes to itself.  It then looks for two
+files called \sy{YMATH.TEX} and \sy{YLOCAL.TEX} in your
+connected directory (and on \sy{TEXINPUTS:} if they are not
+found locally).  You can customize your \ytex\ by putting
+appropriate commands in these two files.
+
+The \sy{YMATH.TEX} files are intended for favorite mathematics
+macros while the \sy{YLOCAL.TEX} macros are for macros or
+parameter settings of any kind.  Of course, all kinds of \tex\
+commands can be put in either of these files, but keep the
+following in mind: separating math macros from others can make
+the job of merging different authors' manuscripts a lot easier.
+
+\section {Where are the Sources}
+
+The source for \ytex\ lives in the directory \sy{KS:<TEX.YTEX>}
+on \sy{OZ} and is split primarily among the files \sy{YTEX.MAC},
+\sy{YBASE.MAC}, \sy{YFONTS.MAC}, and \sy{YUSER.MAC}.  The file
+\sy{YLOG.MAC} contains a log of essentially all the changes made
+to \ytex\ since its early stages; the first few lines of this
+file declare the current version number.  The file \sy{YSITE.MAC}
+contains definitions and parameter settings (``site changes'')
+appropriate to the local installation.  The file \sy{YUSAGE.TEX}
+contains the source for this document.
+
+The file \sy{KS:<TEX.YTEX>YFIX.MAC} is where \ytex\ looks for
+revisions made to the macros since the last version was dumped.
+Finally, an archive of correspondence about \ytex\ can be found
+in the file \sy{KS:<TEX.YTEX>YTEX.MAIL} on \sy{OZ}.
+
+\section {The \ytex\ View of Documents}
+
+\ytex\ believes that documents are made up of chunks of text
+called {\it elements} which are laid out on pages.  For example,
+each paragraph is an element, as is each chapter or section
+heading, each figure, each footnote, and so on.  Many of the
+\ytex\ commands you will use most often serve to tell \ytex\
+which text belongs to which element.  For example, the command
+"\footnote" tells \ytex\ that its argument is a footnote
+element.
+
+As \ytex\ encounters elements of various types in its input, it
+first tries to format the content of each element in the desired
+way.  For example, when it finishes reading the contents of a
+paragraph, it first tries to break the contents into lines
+according to the rules currently in effect for paragraph
+elements.  When \ytex\ finishes reading the text of a table, it
+tries to format that text according to the current rules for
+table elements.
+
+Once \ytex\ accumulates enough elements to fit on a page, it
+tries to lay those elements out on a page according to the layout
+rules that apply to each element.  For example, header elements
+appear as a single line alone at the very top of a page, while
+footnote elements appear tacked onto the bottoms of pages.
+
+Page layout is the hardest part of \ytex's job.  This is because
+the rules for laying out various elements may come into conflict.
+For example, the rules for figures elements that appear in text
+may say that the figure should be separated from the surrounding
+text by one pica.\footnote*{There are six picas to the inch.}
+But a figure may be placed just before a section heading, and the
+rules for section heading elements may say that they should be
+preceded by two picas.  In cases like this, \ytex\ does the best
+it can, but it may not do exactly what you want.  So if you are
+very picky about the page layout of a particular document, you
+may have to tell \ytex\ exactly what you want at each place a
+conflict like this arises.  But don't worry: usually only people
+who are publishing books need to be this picky.
+
+\section {The Five Kinds of \ytex\ Commands}
+
+There are five kinds of \ytex\ commands:
+
+\beginbullets
+
+\bpar {\it Delimiters\/} are commands that demarcate the text of
+particular elements: they do what is commonly known as
+``typemarking.''  For example, "\section" and "\footnote" are
+both delimiters.  All delimiters read arguments (in ways
+explained below); it is the contents of these arguments that
+become the contents of the elements they delimit.
+
+\bpar {\it Parameters\/} are commands that affect the formatting
+and layout rules for particular elements.  For example, "\hsize"
+and "\parskip" are parameters that affect the width and layout of
+paragraphs and pages.  Parameters don't take arguments; instead,
+they have values which can be assigned in the manner described
+above.
+
+\bpar {\it Switches\/} are commands like parameters that affect
+the formatting and layout of particular elements.  For example,
+"\noindent" and "\offheaders" are switches.  Switches come in two
+kinds---on/off switches and true/false switches---which are
+described in detail later.  Switches never take arguments.
+
+\bpar {\it Abbreviations\/} are commands that expand into common
+sequences of low-level \tex\ commands.  For example, "\padline"
+and "\linebreak" are abbreviations.  Some abbreviations have
+arguments, and some don't.  Any abbreviations that take arguments
+take them in braces in the normal \tex\ way.
+
+\bpar {\it Descriptors\/} are commands that create new element
+types with particular formatting and layout rules.  For example,
+the commands "\newfloat" and "\newtitle" are descriptors that
+are used to create elements which float to the top of pages or
+which title things.  Descriptors take very complex arguments.
+
+\endbullets
+
+Normally, you use only delimiters, parameters, switches, and
+abbreviations in your manuscripts.  Descriptors are for
+compulsive \tex\ hackers who feel the need for new element types,
+or for wizards who are preparing documents with special
+requirements (such as this manual).
+
+\section {More About Delimiter Commands}
+
+Delimiters come in three kinds:
+
+\beginbullets
+
+\bpar {\it Standard\/} delimiters---such as "\section", "\footnote",
+or "\spread"---take their arguments in the standard \tex\ way:
+the arguments are enclosed in braces and appear immediately after
+the command.  For example, this is how you give two arguments
+to the "\spread" command:
+\beginverb
+\spread {First argument}{Second argument}
+\endverb
+
+\bpar {\it Paired\/} delimiters---such as
+"\begintext"/\allowbreak"\endtext" and
+"\beginabstract"/\allowbreak"\endabstract"---surround their
+argument.  For example, this is how you delimit the text of an
+abstract:
+\beginverb
+\beginabstract
+This is a very short abstract
+used only for expository purposes.
+I wish all my abstracts were this simple.
+\endabstract
+\endverb
+
+\bpar {\it Paragraph\/} delimiters---such as "\bpar" and
+"\ftpar"---are kind of a cross between standard and paired
+delimiters.  Their most important argument---the text of the
+paragraph---is delimited by the paragraph delimiter in front and
+the command "\par" (or a blank line) in back.  But they may have
+additional arguments (such as tag text) which are given in braces
+immediately following the paragraph delimiter.  For example, this
+paragraph starts with
+\beginverb
+\bpar {\it Paragraph\/} delimiters---
+\endverb
+and ends with a blank line.  But it would look exactly the same
+if it had started with
+\beginverb
+\ftpar{$\bullet$}  {\it Paragraph\/} delimiters---
+\endverb
+instead.
+
+\endbullets
+
+Most paired delimiters are also available in a standard form.
+For example, you can use the command "\abstract" instead of
+"\beginabstract" and "\endabstract", in which case you would
+enclose the text of the abstract in braces and place it right
+after the command.\footnote*{The only paired delimiters that are
+not available in standard form are those in which the delimited
+text is in ``nofill'' mode, such as "\beginverbatim" and
+"\endverbatim".  This has to do with subtle differences between
+the effect of the two forms, differences that you needn't care
+about and which can confuse even \tex\ wizards.}  As you may have
+guessed from the example, you get the standard form of paired
+delimiters by removing the "begin" and "end" prefixes.
+
+Each argument to a standard or paired delimiter is a local group;
+that is, font and other parameter changes inside the element do
+not have any effects outside.  So if you want the text of your
+abstract to be in italics, you can just say
+\beginverb
+\beginabstract
+\it This abstract is in italics.
+\endabstract
+\endverb
+instead of the (also correct but) tedious
+\beginverb
+\beginabstract
+{\it This abstract is in italics.}
+\endabstract
+\endverb
+Similarly, you can just say
+\beginverb
+\section {\it An Italic Section Header}
+\endverb
+instead of
+\beginverb
+\section {{\it An Italic Section Header}}
+\endverb
+
+\section {More About Switches}
+
+Switches come in two kinds:
+
+\bpar {\it On/off} switches are usually used to control whether
+things such as headers and footers appear on a page.
+For example, whether headers appear or not is controlled by the
+two commands "\onheaders" and "\offheaders".  These two commands
+together are said to control the "\headers" switch.
+
+\vpar All on/off switches have variations in a {\it yes/no} form.
+For example, the commands "\yesheaders" and "\noheaders" are like
+"\onheaders" and "\offheaders", except that they {\it only}
+control headers on the current page, not on future pages as well.
+
+The point of having both on/off and yes/no versions of switches
+can be seen from the following: If you want none of the pages of
+a letter numbered, you would put "\offfooters" at the beginning of
+the letter.  But if you want numbers on the bottoms of all pages
+except the first, you would put "\nofooters" at the beginning.
+The effect of "\nofooters" is to turn off the "\footers" switch
+for the first page {\it only}.
+
+\bpar {\it True/false} switches are mostly used by wizards, so I
+won't say much about them here.  They are much like off/on
+switches except that they have a different form.  For example,
+the "\vpar" switch controls whether the first paragraph after a
+section heading is left-flush or not; the "\vpar" switch is
+turned on with "\vpartrue" and turned off with "\vparfalse".  You
+can see the effects of saying "\vpartrue" in this document.
+
+\section {A List of the \ytex\ User Macros}
+
+This section contains descriptions of the most useful \ytex\
+macros.  The listing is broken down by subject area; for example,
+all the commands relevant to footnotes can be found in one place,
+and all the commands relevant to sectioning in another.  The next
+section gives an alphabetized list of all the commands.
+
+In the following descriptions, only the "begin" half of paired
+delimiters is mentioned.  All the paired delimiters are available
+in standard forms unless the description mentions otherwise.
+Also, only the "on" form of on/off switches is mentioned.  Of
+course, the "off", "yes", and "no" forms are also available.
+
+\heading {Titling Pages}
+
+\ytex\ provides two kinds of titling pages: {\it part pages}
+which are delimited by \+"\beginpartpage"\+ and {\it title pages}
+which are delimited by \+"\begintitlepage"\+.  The only
+difference between the two is that title pages are always
+numbered 0 while part pages have whatever number they would
+normally be assigned.  The contents of titling pages are centered
+by default, and titling pages have no runners unless you ask for
+them.
+
+The following commands are useful both on titling pages and
+elsewhere:
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\+"\begintitle"\+ and \+"\beginctitle"\+\\set their arg as
+titles.  "\begintitle" gives a left-flush ragged-right paragraph
+and "\beginctitle" gives a ragged-center paragraph.  Inside of
+titles, the commands \+"\\"\+, \+"\cr"\+, and \+"\crcr"\+ force
+line breaks.
+
+\*\+"\beginauthor"\+ and \+"\begincauthor"\+\\are like
+"\begintitle" and "\beginctitle" but use \="\authorfont"\=
+(default "\regsize\rm") instead of \="\titlefont"\= (default
+"\bigsize\bf").
+
+\*\+"\beginabstract"\+\\delimits abstract text which is set in
+\="\abstractfont"\= (default "\smlsize\rm") and indented from
+both margins by "\abstractindent" (default "0pt").
+
+\endgab
+
+The following command is available only on titling pages:
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\+"\beginbottomtext"\+\\delimits text which is set at the
+bottom of the page in \="\bottomtextfont"\= (default
+"\smllsize\rm").  If you use this command, the text of the page
+will no longer be centered.  Instead, the delimited material
+appears at the bottom of the page and material above it will
+start at the top of the page.
+
+\endgab
+
+\heading {Chapters and Sections}
+
+These macros produce titles at the top of chapters, sections, and
+so on.  Titles are normally set as left-flush, ragged-right
+paragraphs.  Inside of titles, the commands \+"\\"\+, \+"\cr"\+,
+and \+"\crcr"\+ force line breaks.
+
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\+"\beginchapter"\+ <title> "\endchapter"\\starts a new
+chapter.  The <title> is set in the \="\chapterfont"\= (default
+"\bigsize\bf") as a left-flush ragged-right paragraph.  The title
+is preceded by \="\prechapterpenalty"\= and
+\="\abovechapterskip"\= and followed by \="\postchapterpenalty"\=
+and \="\belowchapterskip"\=.  Most people prefer the standard
+form "\chapter"~\#{<title>}.
+
+\*\+"\beginpchapter"\+\\is like "\beginchapter" but it forces the
+title to the top of a new page and turns off runners for that
+page.  In two-sided matter, it forces the title to the top of a
+recto page.
+
+\*\+"\beginsection"\+\\is like "\beginchapter" but uses smaller
+font and spacing.  Neither chapters nor sections do any automatic
+numbering for you.  But there are no-op commands \+"\secdef"\+
+and \+"\secref"\+ which, like their figure and table cousins, can
+be used to help keep track of numbering.  There are commands
+\+"\beginsubsection"\+ and \+"\beginsubsubsection"\+ but they are
+just aliases for "\section".
+
+\*\+"\beginheading"\+\\is like "\beginsection" but with smaller
+font and spacing.
+
+\endgab
+
+The true/false switch \:"\centerheadingstrue"\: controls whether
+chapter, section, and other titles are set as left-flush or
+centered ragged-margin paragraphs.  The default is
+"\centerheadingsfalse"; that is, headings are left-flush as
+mentioned above.
+
+\heading {Page Layout}
+
+Pages have headers and footers, jointly called runners.  When
+they are turned on, runners are single lines that appear
+separated from the main text by the distances \="\headerdrop"\=
+and \="\footerdrop"\=.\footnote*{These dimensions are not
+measured baseline-to-baseline; rather, they are the appearing
+space between the runners and the text.} By default, headers are
+turned on and footers are turned off.
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\:"\onrunners"\:, \:"\onheaders"\:, and \:"\onfooters"\:\\are
+switches that turn the various runners on.  Recall that the
+effects of these commands are permanent; the effects of their
+yes/no counterparts are confined to the current page.
+
+\endgab
+
+There are actually two versions of headers and footers---one for
+recto (right-hand or odd-numbered) pages and one for verso
+(left-hand or even-numbered) pages.  By default, all pages are
+considered to be recto pages, but you can use the switch
+\:"\twosidedtrue"\: to get two-sided output and "\twosidedfalse"
+to go back to one-sided.
+
+The contents of headers and footers are the values of the <toks>
+parameters \="\versoleftheader"\=, \="\rectoleftheader"\=, and so
+on.  By default, the \="\rectorightheader"\=, the
+"\versoleftheader", and both center footers contain a boldface
+page number (called a {\it folio}); these come out in roman
+numerals if they are negative.  (The page number is the parameter
+\="\pageno"\= which you can set.)  Also by default, the
+"\rectoleftheader" is the "\firstmark".
+
+For example, if you want your pages numbered at the bottom, you
+could say
+\beginverb
+\offheaders     % turn off the header lines
+\onfooters      % turn on the footer lines
+\endverb
+because the footers contain page numbers by default.  If you want
+each page to have a title and a page number, you can say
+\beginverb
+\rectoleftheader={The Title of My Paper}
+\endverb
+Since this is done so often, there is a synonym
+\="\runninghead"\= for "\rectoleftheader" that lets you say
+\beginverb
+\runninghead={The Title of My Paper}
+\endverb
+instead.
+
+The default font for runners is kept in the <toks> parameter
+\="\runnerfont"\=, which starts out as "\smlsize\rm".
+
+\heading {Paragraphs}
+
+Each paragraph is an element to \ytex.  Paragraphs are considered
+to consist of a crown (the first line) and a vest (all the other
+lines).  By default, the crown is indented "\parindent" and the
+vest is not.  But there are a variety of paragraph delimiters
+that give you paragraph elements that are formatted differently.
+(Recall that paragraph delimiters start paragraphs that are
+ended by "\par" or a blank line.)
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\+"\ivpar"\+\\delimits an {\it inverted} paragraph: the crown
+is not indented but the vest is.
+
+\*\+"\ipar"\+\\delimits an {\it indented} paragraph: both crown
+and vest are indented.
+
+\*\+"\ftpar"\+ \#{<tag text>}\\delimits a {\it flush-tagged}
+paragraph: both crown and vest are indented and the first
+argument (in braces) to "\ftpar" is set flush on the left margin
+of the crown.  For example,
+\beginverb
+\ftpar {1.} First line ...\linebreak second line ...\par
+\endverb
+produces a paragraph that looks like this:
+\begintextlines
+\parindent=2em%
+\ftpar{1.}First line \dots\linebreak{}second line \dots
+\endtextlines
+
+\*\+"\atpar"\+ \#{<tag text>}\\delimits an {\it adjoint-tagged}
+paragraph: both crown and vest are indented and the first
+argument (in braces) to "\atpar" is set so its right edge is
+\="\partagsep"\= away from the left edge of the crown line.
+(This is like the \plain\ \tex\ "\item" command.)  For example,
+\beginverb
+\atpar {a)} First line ...\linebreak second line ...\par
+\endverb
+produces a paragraph that looks like this:
+\begintextlines
+\parindent=2em%
+\atpar{a)}First line \dots\linebreak{}second line \dots
+\endtextlines
+
+\*\+"\vtpar"\+ \#{<tag text>}\\delimits a {\it variably-tagged}
+paragraph: the crown, vest, and tag are set just like an
+adjoint-tagged paragraph but the width of the indent is not the
+"\parindent" but instead is the width of the tag text.  For
+example,
+\beginverb
+\vtpar {Keywords:} This ...\linebreak and that ...\par
+\endverb
+produces a paragraph that looks like this:
+\begintextlines
+\vtpar{Keywords:}This \dots\linebreak{}and that \dots
+\endtextlines
+
+\*\+"\bpar"\+\\delimits a {\it bullet} paragraph: a flush-tagged
+paragraph whose tag is a bullet symbol.
+
+\endgab
+
+If bullet paragraphs appear next to each other, it is good
+practice to put a \+"\beginbullets"\+ before the first one and an
+\+"\endbullets"\+ after the last one.  This will add a little
+space before and after so as to visually cluster the paragraphs.
+
+If you interpose math or a figure or a title between paragraphs,
+it is standard typesetting practice not to indent the paragraph
+immediately following the interposed element.  For example,
+the paragraphs which immediately follow section titles
+in this document are not indented, nor are those which follow
+figures or textual displays.
+
+To follow this practice in your own documents, you could
+use "\noindent" to start the paragraphs which follow interposed
+elements.  But \ytex\ does this for you automatically.  The
+command \+"\vpar"\+ effectively forces the next paragraph to
+start with "\noindent", and all \ytex\ commands which interpose
+material between paragraphs---such as "\section"---end with
+"\vpar".  Thus you will not have to use "\noindent" after
+figures and so on.
+
+If for some reason you want a particular paragraph that follows
+interposed text to be indented normally, just give the command
+\+"\unvpar"\+ in front of that paragraph.  "\unvpar" cancels the
+effect of "\vpar" and allows the paragraph to be indented.
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\:"\vpartrue"\: and "\vparfalse"\\allow and disallow the
+effects of "\vpar".  If you don't want the first paragraphs of
+sections and so on to be left-flush, say "\vparfalse".
+
+\*\+"\linebreak"\+\\ends the current line of a paragraph, filling
+out to the right hand margin with blank space.
+
+\*\:"\onindent"\:\\turns the default indentation of crown lines
+on.  If you want your paragraphs to normally have no indentation,
+say "\offindent".  But keep in mind that this will break commands
+like "\bpar" which rely on indentation.
+
+\*\+"\beginquote"\+\\delimits a quote.  Quotes are set in the
+\="\quotefont"\= (default "\smlsize\rm") with the left and right
+margins narrowed by "\parindent".  Inside of quotes paragraph
+indentation is turned off (with "\offindent").
+
+\endgab
+
+\heading {Fonts and Sizes}
+
+To change type face in a document, you use the normal \tex\
+commands "\it", "\bf", "\tt", "\sl", and "\rm".  To change to
+increasingly bigger sizes of type, you can use the commands
+\+"\bigsize"\+, \+"\biggsize"\+, and \+"\bigggsize"\+.  For
+increasingly smaller sizes, you can use \+"\smlsize"\+,
+\+"\smllsize"\+, and \+"\smlllsize"\+.  You can switch to the
+regular size with \+"\regsize"\+.  The size-changing commands all
+switch to the roman face.
+
+There are commands \+"\smlrm"\+, \+"\smllrm"\+, and \+"\smltt"\+
+which are like face-changing commands in that the baseline
+spacing does not change, but the ``typeface'' they switch to are
+actually smaller sizes of the indicated face.  For example, to
+get the effect of what printers call ``small caps'', you can use
+the "\smllrm" face.  To get \lisp, you would say
+"L{\smllrm"~"ISP}".
+
+If you ever want to set material in the font selected by a font
+parameter such as "\titlefont", you can select that font by
+saying "\the" in front of the parameter name.  For example, to
+set three words in the "\captionfont", I could say
+\beginverb
+Here are {\the\captionfont three small words}.
+\endverb
+which gives me
+\begintext
+Here are {\the\captionfont{}three small words}.
+\endtext
+\vpar
+
+The command \+"\singlespace"\+ causes lines to be single spaced,
+and the command \+"\doublespace"\+ causes lines to be double
+spaced.  Single spaced lines are the default.  These commands
+affect all text, including footnotes and captions, so that if you
+use "\doublespace" you might want to add a "\singlespace" command
+to the font parameters for footnotes, captions, and so on.  If
+you don't like the exact spacing values used by "\singlespace" or
+"\doublespace", read what it says below about line spacing for
+wizards and define your own versions of these commands.
+
+\heading {Figures}
+
+You can ask \yTeX\ to lay out your figures in one of four ways:
+{\it stationary}, which means that figures are boxes that appear
+where they are defined; {\it section}, which are like stationary
+except that they are followed by "\vfil" glue which makes them
+suitable for putting all in one section with no intervening text;
+{\it top}, which means all figures float to the top of a page; or
+{\it floating}, which means they appear where they are defined
+unless they can't fit on the page there in which case they float
+to the top of the next page they fit on.  The current layout
+discipline (default {\it floating}) can be set with
+\+"\stationaryfigures"\+, \+"\sectionfigures"\+,
+\+"\topfigures"\+, and \+"\floatingfigures"\+.
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\+"\figdef"\+ and \+"\figref"\+\\are no-ops which are useful
+for keeping track of figure numbers.
+
+\*\+"\beginfigure"\+\\delimits a figure definition.  You get a
+figure layed out according to the current discipline.  Each
+figure is enclosed in a "\vbox" so you don't have to worry about
+breaks.
+
+\begingroup \figurelinetrue
+\beginfigure
+
+\noindent This figure was defined with
+\beginverb
+\beginfigure
+\noindent This figure was defined with ...
+   ...
+\begincaption
+Figure~\figdef{1}.  A figure which is ...
+... it will float.
+\endcaption
+\endfigure
+\endverb
+and this was the result.
+
+\begincaption
+Figure~\figdef{1}.  A figure which is also an example of how to
+prepare a figure.  This figure will appear where it was defined
+unless it can't fit on that page, in which case it will
+float.
+\endcaption
+
+\endfigure
+\endgroup
+
+\*\+"\beginpagefigure"\+\\delimits a full-page figure definition.
+These figures go on pages by themselves.
+
+\beginpagefigure
+
+\vfil
+
+\noindent This full-page figure was defined with
+\beginverb
+\beginpagefigure
+\vfil
+\noindent This full-page figure was defined with ...
+  ...
+\begincaption
+Figure~\figdef{2}.  A figure which is ...
+... it will float.
+\vfil
+\endcaption
+\endpagefigure
+\endverb
+and this was the result.
+
+\vfil
+
+\begincaption
+Figure~\figdef{2}.  A figure which is also an example of how to
+prepare a figure.  This figure will appear where it was defined
+unless it can't fit on that page, in which case it will float.
+\endcaption
+
+\endpagefigure
+
+\*\+"\beginstationaryfigure"\+\\gives a stationary figure no
+matter what the current layout discipline is.  The paired
+delimiter "\beginstationarypagefigure" gives a full-page
+stationary figure, and there are similar explicit commands
+provided for all four of the layout disciplines.
+
+\*\+"\begincaption"\+\\is defined only within figures and
+delimits captions, which are set as unindented paragraphs in
+\="\captionfont"\= with margins narrowed by \="\captionindent"\=.
+Captions are preceded by \="\abovecaptionskip"\=.
+
+\endgab
+
+For examples, see figures~\figref{1} and~\figref{2}, which I
+referred to here by saying
+\beginverb
+... see figures~\figref{1} and~\figref{2}, ...
+\endverb
+Note, in particular, that figure~\figref{1} is bracketed by
+horizontal lines.  \ytex\ will put out such lines if you say
+\:"\figurelinetrue"\: at the front of your document; the default
+is \:"\figurelinefalse"\: (no lines).  (The lines themselves are
+put \="\figurelinedrop"\= away from the body of the figure.)
+
+The easiest way to leave space for a paste-in figure is to define
+a figure whose body consists of a vertical skip command, as in
+\beginverb
+\beginfigure
+\vskip 2 true in
+\begincaption
+This will be a 2 inch high pasted in figure.
+\endcaption
+\endfigure
+\endverb
+Note that the amount to skip was given in {\tt true} inches, not
+just inches.  This is because typesizes larger than ten point are
+implemented by magnifying the entire document: if the dimension
+had been given as "2in" and the typesize were given as "11pt",
+\yTeX\ would leave 2.2 inches of space instead of 2.  The use of
+"true" in the dimension specification prevents \yTeX\ from
+magnifying the space it leaves for the paste-in
+material.\footnote*{Keep in mind that specifying sizes in true
+dimensions may cause the page breaks to change when the type
+size changes.  If you are proofing in a larger typesize and you
+want page breaks to remain consistent, you should specify
+paste-in sizes {\it without} the "true" specification, basing the
+declared size on the magnification which will be used in {\it
+final} output.  Then don't worry about the fact that the spaces
+in the proof version are a little large.}
+
+There is a <toks> parameter \="\topsep"\= whose contents are
+inserted between the floating figures and text on any page where
+floating figures appear.  By default, "\topsep" is empty, so only
+the normal below-figure space appears between floating figures
+and text.  If you want more space, you can say, for example,
+\beginverb
+\topsep={\bigskip}
+\endverb
+
+\heading {Tables}
+
+Tables are delimited with \+"\begintable"\+ and "\endtable".
+Right after the "\begintable" command you must have a {\it
+preamble specification} enclosed in brackets ("[" and "]"), such
+as in
+\beginverb
+\begintable [l"r|lc]
+\topline
+Item&&        Price&&  User&          Use\cr
+\dmidline
+Widgets&&    \$2.50&&  D. Brotsky&    \TeX\ work\cr
+\midline
+Grommets&&\$2500.50&&  The Pentagon&  none\cr
+\botline
+\endtable
+\endverb
+which produces table~\tabref{1}.
+
+\beginfigure
+
+{\catcode`\"=12\relax
+ \centerline {%
+   \begintable [l"r|lc]
+     \topline
+     Item&&     Price&&     User&          Use\cr
+     \dmidline
+     Widgets&&    \$2.50&&  D. Brotsky&    \TeX\ work\cr
+     \midline
+     Grommets&&\$2500.50&&  The Pentagon&  none\cr
+     \botline
+   \endtable}}
+
+\begincaption
+Table~\tabdef{1}.  This table is produced by the example in the
+text.  Well, actually, this table is {\it almost} produced by
+that example; in fact, this one has also been centered on the
+page by putting the entire text of that example into the argument
+of "\centerline".
+\endcaption
+
+\endfigure
+
+Inside of a preamble specification, each character stands for one
+column in the table.  The meanings of the characters are:
+\begindisplaytable [cl]
+"l"&   left-aligned column\cr
+"L"&   left-aligned math column\cr
+"c"&   center-aligned column\cr
+"C"&   center-aligned math column\cr
+"r"&   right-aligned column\cr
+"R"&   right-aligned math column\cr
+"|"&   single-thickness vertical line\cr
+ \"&   double-thickness vertical line\cr
+"&"&   repeat specification marker\cr
+\enddisplaytable
+Math columns are just like their non-math counterparts except
+that the entries are set in math mode in \="\tablestyle"\=
+(default "\displaystyle").  The "&" specification allows you to
+take advantage of \tex's automatic iteration of column
+specifications: if you have more entries in a line than you have
+columns in the preamble, the preamble columns will repeat from
+wherever the "&" was specified.
+
+The thickness of a "|" line is the <dimen> parameter
+\="\vbarwidth"\= (default ".4pt") and the thickness of a \" line
+is the <dimen> parameter \="\dvbarwidth"\= (default "1pt").  Keep
+in mind that "|" and \" columns must be delimited by "&" like
+other columns.  It's just that normally the contents of these
+columns are empty, so you end up with "&&" in the rows of your
+input.
+
+Inside tables the command "\\" ends rows like "\cr".  In
+addition, you get access to a variety of useful commands:
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\+"\inline"\+\\puts a horizontal line in the table.  Better to
+use are \+"\topline"\+, \+"\midline"\+, and \+"\botline"\+ (which
+you normally use at the top, middle, and bottom of the table)
+because they put padding around the line which looks good.
+
+\*\+"\dinline"\+, \+"\dtopline"\+, \+"\dmidline"\+, and
+\+"\dbotline"\+\\are the double-width counterparts of the
+commands mentioned above.  "\inline"-type lines have thickness
+\="\hbarheight"\=, and "\dinline"-type lines have thickness
+\="\dhbarheight"\=.
+
+\*\+"\padline"\+ <dimen>\\puts <dimen> extra space between lines
+of the table with the nice feature that vertical bars specified
+in the preamble extend right through the extra space.  The
+<dimen> is not an argument: don't put it in braces.
+
+\endgab
+
+In addition, you get \+"\tabdef"\+ and \+"\tabref"\+ which, like
+"\figdef" and "\figref", are no-ops useful for keeping track of
+table numbers.  Also, there are the following table-affecting
+parameters:
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\="\pretabskip"\=, \="\intabskip"\=, and
+\="\posttabskip"\=\\are the glue parameters that "\tabskip" glue
+is set to before the first column, between columns, and after the
+last column of a table.  Defaults are "\hfil" glue for
+"\pretabskip" and "\posttabskip", "1em" glue for "\intabskip".
+
+\*\="\tablewidth"\=\\is settable like a <dimen>, and setting it
+has strong side effects.  If you set it positive, all lines in
+tables are set to that width.  If you set it to zero, tables have
+their natural width.  If you set it negative, tables are expanded
+by the negative of what you set it to.  The default is "0pt";
+that is, tables have their natural size.
+
+\endgab
+
+Finally, in addition to the "\begintable" command which puts a
+box around its table, there is \+"\beginopentable"\+ which does
+not put a box and there is \+"\begindisplaytable"\+ which centers
+the whole table in a "$$"-style display.
+
+\heading {Footnotes}
+
+\ytex\ gives you a footnote mechanism essentially equivalent to
+\plain's, but footnotes are output as adjoint-tagged paragraphs
+in the \="\footnotefont"\= with an indent of
+\="\footnotemarkerwidth"\=.
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\+"\footnote"\+\#{<tag>}\#{<footnote text>}\\puts <tag> where
+you call "\footnote" and also gives you a footnote marked with
+<tag>.  You use "\footnote" inside paragraphs.
+
+\*\+"\nfootnote"\+\#{<tag>}\#{<footnote text>}\\is like
+"\footenote" but the <tag> must be a number.  The tag is set as a
+superscript.
+
+\*\+"\vfootnote"\+\#{<tag>}\#{<footnote text>}\\is like
+"\footnote" but it doesn't put the tag where you call it, only on
+the footnote text itself.  You use "\vfootnote" between
+paragraphs.
+
+\*\+"\beginfootmatter"\+\\gives you a footnote with no marker and
+with no left margin indentation where the marker would go.  I'm
+not sure why you would want this.
+
+\endgab
+
+The no-ops \+"\footdef"\+ and \+"\footref"\+ are provided to help
+keep track of footnote numbering.  There is a <toks> parameter
+\="\botsep"\= whose contents are inserted between the text and
+footnotes on any page where footnotes appear.  By default,
+"\botsep" puts in some space and a short line.  If you just want
+space, you can say, for example,
+\beginverb
+\botsep={\bigskip}
+\endverb
+
+\heading {Textual Displays}
+
+These macros give you "$$"-like displays containing text and
+other useful textual blocks.  There are no standard forms for any
+of the "begin" and "end" paired delimiters that produce textual
+displays.
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\+"\beginnofill"\+\\delimits text that is not made into filled
+lines, but output in lines as it appears in the input.
+Indentation is turned off.
+
+\*\+"\begintext"\+\\gives you a "$$"-like display containing the
+nofill material it delimits.  The displayed lines have width
+"\displaywidth" and are indented "\parindent" from the normal
+"\displayindent" of the display.
+
+\*\+"\begintextlines"\+\\is like "\begintext" but the displayed
+lines are the full "\hsize" wide and the normal "\displayindent"
+is ignored.
+
+\endgab
+
+\hangindent 2\parindent \hangafter0
+\noindent For example, this is a paragraph which has both its
+crown and vest indented twice the normal paragraph indentation.
+If, inside this paragraph, we produce a display with
+\beginverb
+\begintext
+Here is the first line of the display
+Here is the second.
+\endtext
+\endverb
+then the result appears to have a left margin even with the
+indentation of the paragraph, as in:
+\begintext
+Here is the first line of the display
+Here is the second.
+\endtext
+(Each line of the display is indented "\parindent" from the
+margin because each line starts a paragraph.)  But if we specify
+the text of the display using the following commands:
+\beginverb
+\begintextlines
+Here is the first line of the display
+Here is the second.
+\endtextlines
+\endverb
+then the display ignores the indentation of the paragraph,
+producing the following:
+\begintextlines
+Here is the first line of the display
+Here is the second.
+\endtextlines
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\+"\begincode"\+ and \+"\begincodelines"\+\\are like
+"\begintext" and "\begintextlines" but the material is set in the
+typewriter font.
+
+\*\+"\verb"\+\\is used as
+\begintext
+\noindent"\verb"<char><text><char>
+\endtext
+and gives you <text> verbatim in the typewriter font.  All \tex\
+special characters (such as "\" and "&") are treated as normal
+characters.
+
+\*\+"\beginverb"\+ and \+"\beginverblines"\+\\are like
+"\begincode" and "\begincodelines" except the intervening text is
+taken verbatim.
+
+\endgab
+
+\begingroup
+
+\newverbatim\myverb
+  \begincs \beginmyverb
+  \readcs \readmyv@rb
+  \endcsname endmyverb%
+  \display
+  \setup \hsize=\displaywidth \advance\leftskip\displayindent \tt
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+  
+For example
+\beginmyverb
+\beginverb
+\noindent This is some \verbatim \text.
+\centerline {Note that commands are ignored.}
+\endverb
+\endmyverb
+produces
+\beginverb
+\noindent This is some \verbatim \text.
+\centerline {Note that commands are ignored.}
+\endverb
+
+\endgroup
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\+"\beginlisp"\+ and \+"\beginlisplines"\+\\delimit \lisp\
+programs.  Programs are printed in the \="\lispfont"\= (default
+"\regsize\tt") in nofill mode; the \tex\ control characters (such
+as "#") often found in \lisp\ code are turned off; and comments
+are printed in roman.  Programs are boxed to prevent breaks; the
+sequence ";\pbrk"\+ at the start of a line makes that line an
+escape into surrounding vertical mode: you can put in breaks and
+glue.  If you just specify \+"\pbrk"\+ after the semicolon, with
+nothing else on the line, you get a space suitable for insertion
+between function definitions.
+
+\endgab
+
+For example, this input
+\beginverb
+\beginlisp
+;;Good Old Factorial
+(defun fact (n)
+  (cond ((zerop n) 1)                ;base case
+        (t (* n (fact (1- n))))))    ;recursive case
+;\pbrk
+(defun myfact (n)
+  (cond ((> n 0) (fact n))           ;OK if pos
+        (t (- (fact (- n))))))       ;invert if neg
+;\pbrk \medskip
+(fact -5)                            ;sample usage
+    -125
+\endlisp
+\endverb
+produces this output
+\beginlisp
+;;Good Old Factorial
+(defun fact (n)
+  (cond ((zerop n) 1)                ;base case
+        (t (* n (fact (1- n))))))    ;recursive case
+;\pbrk
+(defun myfact (n)
+  (cond ((> n 0) (fact n))           ;OK if pos
+        (t (- (fact (- n))))))       ;invert if neg
+;\pbrk \medskip
+(fact -5)                            ;sample usage
+    -125
+\endlisp
+
+\heading {Two-Column Text}
+
+The paired delimiter \+"\begintwocolumntext"\+ sets its argument
+material in two columns, with the columns separated by
+\="\columnskip"\=.  Top figures and footnotes in this material
+are still set in a single column extending the full width of the
+page.  Note that you can not use the floating figure style in
+two-column text because there is no way of knowing in advance
+whether figure material set in this style should be one- or
+two-columns wide.  Also, full-page stationary or section figures
+are liable not to work.
+
+The paired delimiter \+"\begindoublecolumn"\+ sets its argument
+material two columns per page, just as if the "\hsize" had been
+narrowed and the results pasted up.  Thus, every page becomes a
+single column, and commands like "\eject" refer to columns, not
+pages.  The command \+"\pageeject"\+ will force a true page
+break.  {\it Warning}: The "\begindoublecolumn" command will
+throw away everything on the current page, so it is only safe to
+use at the start of a fresh page.
+
+\heading {Formatting Small Pieces of Text}
+
+These commands produce little chunks of text in useful shapes, or
+combine small blocks of text in handy ways.
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\+"\spread"\+\\takes two or more arguments and spreads them out
+evenly spaced on a line.  For example, the input
+\beginverb
+\spread{Piece1}{Piece2}{}{Piece4 (3 was empty)}
+\endverb
+produces
+\begintextlines
+\spread{Piece1}{Piece2}{}{Piece4 (3 was empty)}
+\endtextlines
+Each piece of text except the leftmost and rightmost are centered
+on their appropriate position.  Notice that the empty argument
+took up a position even though it didn't put anything in that
+place.
+
+\*\+"\begintleft"\+, \+"\begintcenter"\+, and
+\+"\begintright"\+\\set their arguments as left-flush, centered,
+and right-flush titles in the current font.  Titles are allowed
+to contain more than one paragraph.  Inside of titles, the
+commands \+"\\"\+, \+"\cr"\+, and \+"\crcr"\+ force line breaks.
+
+\*\+"\sy"\+ and \+"\sybox"\+\\set their arguments in a slightly
+smaller typewriter font.  They differ only in that "\sybox" also
+puts the argument in an hbox so it can't be broken across lines.
+
+\*\+"\ucsy"\+ and \+"\ucsybox"\+\\are relatives of "\sy" and
+"\sybox" that put their arguments in upper case.
+
+\*\+"\ignore"\+\\does just that to its single argument.
+
+\*\+"\filpage"\+\\fills up the rest of the page with white space
+and does a page break.
+
+\endgab
+
+\heading {The Date}
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\="\hour"\= and \="\minute"\=\\are <number> parameters that
+hold the time \ytex\ started in 24-hour format.  \+"\daytime"\+
+outputs this in the form \sybox{15:35}.
+
+\*\+"\monthname"\+ and \+"\monthshortname"\+\\output the name of
+the current month; "\monthshortname" is three letters long.
+
+\*\+"\shortyear"\+\\names the current year without the first two
+digits, as in 86.
+
+\*\+"\date"\+, \+"\shortdate"\+, and \+"\slashdate"\+\\output the
+current date as in June~9,~1986; 9~Jun~86; and 6/9/86.
+
+\endgab
+
+For example, you can get output like
+\begintext
+Today is day 14 of Aug ({\it{}i.e.} August), %
+and the time is 14:34.
+\endtext
+by saying
+\beginverb
+Today is day \number\day\ of \monthshortname
+({\it i.e.} \monthname), and the time is \daytime.
+\endverb
+
+\heading {Miscellany}
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\+"\ytex"\+, "\yTeX", "\YTEX", "\YTeX", and \+"\oopstex"\+\\all
+give the \ytex\ symbol.
+
+\*\+"\draft"\+\\adds a line to the bottom of each page that looks
+like this:
+\begintextlines
+\let\message=\ignore%
+\draft\line{\the\bottomgloss}%
+\endtextlines
+This command also sets the "\overfullrule" to "5pt" instead of
+the default "0pt" and prints the message "{Draft}" on your
+terminal screen.
+
+\endgab
+
+Here are the default values of a few parameters not yet
+mentioned:
+\beginverb
+\hsize=28pc \vsize=44pc
+\abovedisplayskip=3pt plus1pt minus2pt
+\belowdisplayskip=3pt plus1pt minus2pt
+\abovedisplayshortskip=0pt plus1pt
+\belowdisplayshortskip=2pt plus1pt minus1pt
+\parindent=2em
+\parskip=0pt plus1pt
+\normallineskip=2pt
+\normallineskiplimit=0pt
+\clubpenalty=900
+\widowpenalty=900
+\endverb
+The default "\typesize" is ten point.  Keep in mind that, if you
+make the "\typesize" "11pt" or "12pt", the "\hsize" and "\vsize"
+will be magnified by $1.1$ or $1.2$, so you probably won't need
+to change them.  If you have a definite measurement you want used
+for the margins independent of what magnification gets used,
+specify it in ``true'' units (as in "\hsize=6 true in").  The
+output routine will always try to center your output on the
+output page; you can use "\hoffset" and "\voffset" to shift it
+off center any desired amount.
+
+\section {For Wizards Only}
+
+Here are some features that inexperienced \tex nicians should
+probably avoid.  Once again they are grouped by topic: some of
+the topics also appeared above.
+
+\heading {Page Glosses}
+
+Pages can have {\it glosses} which are special lines that appear
+above the header and below the footer.  The <toks> parameters
+\="\topgloss"\= and \="\bottomgloss"\= contain the contents of
+the glosses.  You turn glosses off and on just like runners, but
+both glosses default off.  The top gloss defaultly contains a
+copyright message like the following:
+\begintextlines
+\copyrightholder={by the author}%
+\line{\the\topgloss}%
+\endtextlines
+while the bottom gloss is defaultly empty.  The words ``by the
+author'' are the value of the <toks> parameter
+\="\copyrightholder"\=.
+
+\begingab
+
+\*\:"\showcopyrighttrue"\: and "\showcopyrightfalse"\\allow and
+disallow the showing of the top gloss.  To actually get the top
+gloss to show on a particular page, you also have to say
+\+"\copyrightpage"\+ somewhere on that page.
+
+\endgab
+
+The "\draft" macro described above uses the bottom gloss.
+
+\heading {Size Changing}
+
+There are also explicit size-selection commands such as
+"\twelevepoint", but these pay no attention to the "\typesize",
+so their use is not advised.
+
+The baseline spacing is set whenever a size change command is
+given by saying
+\beginverb
+\normalbaselineskip=\the\baselinefactor em%
+\baselineskip\normalbaselineskip
+\endverb
+Thus, the value of the <toks> parameter \="\baselinefactor"\=
+(default "{1.3}") can be used to vary the baseline spacing.  Note
+that changes in "\baselinefactor" will not take effect until you
+give a size-changing command or say \+"\setnormalbaselines"\+.
+For example, these are the default definitions for "\singlespace"
+and "\doublespace":
+\beginverb
+\def\singlespace{\baselinefactor={1.3}\setnormalbaselines}
+\def\doublespace{\baselinefactor={2.6}\setnormalbaselines}
+\endverb
+
+\heading {Setup Hooks}
+
+A variety of the default user-level macros---such as figures,
+captions, footnotes, etc.---provide for user-defined set-up
+hooks.  For example, every figure macro calls the macro
+"\setupfigure", which in turn calls a macro "\setupfigurehook"
+which the user is free to define.  Check the source code for
+details as to which of these hooks exist.
+
+\heading {More About Tables}
+
+There is an escape mechanism whereby arbitrary alignment
+specifications can be put into the preamble of a table.  A column
+is normally specified by a letter, but arbitrary material
+enclosed within balanced braces may be used to specify a column
+instead.  For example, the preamble specification
+\beginverb
+[l{\hfil $\displaystyle #$}c]
+\endverb
+produces the following preamble
+\beginverb
+\tabskip\intabskip
+#\hfil & \hfil $\displaystyle #$& \hfil #\hfil
+\tabskip\posttabskip\cr
+\endverb
+
+The material within matching braces can only specify one column
+in the preamble: you must use more than one set of braces to
+specify more than one column.  There is no limit on the number of
+columns that can be specified in this way.  When a column is
+specified in this way, the entry produced for that column by
+"\padline" will contain an "\omit" so as to produce white space.
+Thus, if the specified material contains a "\vrule"
+specification, that rule will not extend through padding.
+
+If the material in braces starts with a "\tabskip" specification,
+\ytex\ assumes that it contains only that specification, and it
+merely embeds the specification in the preamble instead of making
+it a column specification.  For example, the specification
+\beginverb
+[l{\tabskip=2em }lr]
+\endverb
+produces the preamble
+\beginverb
+\tabskip\intabskip
+#\hfil & \tabskip=2em #\hfil& \hfil #%
+\tabskip\posttabskip\cr
+\endverb
+This mechanism can be used to vary the between-column skip within
+a line.  Keep in mind, however, that the "\posttabskip" will
+override such specifications after the last column.
+
+The interline glue is normally turned off in tables, and struts
+are used to keep the line spacing correct.  If all of the
+preamble specifications in a table are given with the "{}" escape
+mechanism instead of \ytex's abbreviations, you should put struts
+in at least one of the columns to force correct line spacing.
+
+If you specify \hbox{"height" <dimen>} as the contents of a "|"
+or \" column, that will override the natural height of the
+"\vrule".  This is the mechanism used by "\padline".
+
+\section {A List of Many \ytex\ Commands}
+
+Here is a list of all the commands, parameters, and switches
+described hereto.  It is not a complete list of all the \ytex\
+commands, but it gets most of the useful ones.
+
+\heading {The Commands}
+
+The {\bf type} given in this table is one of {\bf SD} for
+standard delimiter, {\bf PD} for paired delimiter, {\bf Par} for
+paragraph delimiter, and {\bf A} for abbreviation.  If a paired
+delimiter has a standard form, it appears in this table in that
+form.  Paired delimiters which do not have standard forms ({\it
+i.e.}, those which delimit nofill text) appear in their "begin"
+form alphabetized under "begin".
+
+\medskip
+
+\begingroup
+  \def\crs{\cr\noalign{\vskip 0pt plus.2pt}}
+  \intabskip=.5em
+  \beginopentable [lcl]%
+    \bf Command&    \bf Type& \bf Summary\cr
+    \midline
+    "\\"&                 A&  breaks lines in titles, ends rows in tables\crs
+    "\abstract"&         PD&  abstract text\crs
+    "\atpar"&           Par&  adjoint-tagged paragraph\crs
+    "\author"&           PD&  author's name(s)\crs
+    "\begincode"&        PD&  typewriter font textual display\crs
+    "\begincodelines"&   PD&  unindented typewriter font textual display\crs
+    "\beginlisp"&        PD&  \lisp\ program display\crs
+    "\beginlisplines"&   PD&  unindented \lisp\ program display\crs
+    "\beginnofill"&      PD&  unboxed unfilled text\crs
+    "\begintext"&        PD&  unfilled textual display\crs
+    "\begintextlines"&   PD&  unindented unfilled textual display\crs
+    "\beginverb"&        PD&  typewriter font verbatim display\crs
+    "\beginverblines"&   PD&  unindented typewriter font verbatim display\crs
+    "\bigsize"&           A&  switch to a larger size of type\crs
+    "\biggsize"&          A&  switch to an even larger size\crs
+    "\bigggsize"&         A&  switch to an even larger size still\crs
+    "\botline"&           A&  horizontal line for bottom of tables\crs
+    "\bottomtext"&       PD&  text for bottom of title page\crs
+    "\bpar"&            Par&  bullet paragraph\crs
+    "\bullets"&          PD&  group of bullet paragraphs\crs
+    "\caption"&          PD&  caption (figures only)\crs
+    "\cauthor"&          PD&  centered author's name\crs
+    "\chapter"&          PD&  chapter title\crs
+    "\copyrightpage"&     A&  allow copyright message\crs
+    "\cr"&                A&  breaks lines in titles, ends rows in tables\crs
+    "\crcr"&              A&  breaks lines in titles, ends rows in tables\crs
+    "\ctitle"&           PD&  centered title\crs
+    "\date"&              A&  date as June 9, 1986\crs
+    "\daytime"&           A&  time of day in 24 hour format\crs
+    "\dbotline"&          A&  double width line for bottom of table\crs
+    "\dinline"&           A&  double width unpadded table line\crs
+    "\displaytable"&     PD&  table display\crs
+    "\dmidline"&          A&  double width line for middle of table\crs
+    "\doublecolumn"&     PD&  double-column mode\crs
+    "\doublespace"&       A&  double space text\crs
+    "\draft"&             A&  put draft mark on all pages\crs
+    "\dtopline"&          A&  double width line for top of table\crs
+    "\figdef"&            A&  no-op for managing figure numbers\crs
+    "\figref"&            A&  no-op for managing figure numbers\crs
+    "\figure"&           PD&  figure in current style\crs
+    "\figurebox"&        PD&  stationary boxed figure\crs
+    "\filpage"&           A&  end current page with white space\crs
+    "\floatingfigures"&   A&  figure style is {\it floating}\crs
+    "\floatingfigure"&   PD&  define floating figure\crs
+    "\floatingpagefigure"&PD&  define floating full-page figure\crs
+    "\footdef"&           A&  no-op for managing footnote numbers\crs
+    "\footref"&           A&  no-op for managing footnote numbers\crs
+    "\footnote"&         SD&  specify footnote while in paragraph\crs
+    "\footmatter"&       PD&  specify footnote text with no marker\crs
+    "\ftpar"&           Par&  flush-tagged paragraph\crs
+    "\heading"&          PD&  left-flush heading\crs
+    "\ignore"&            A&  ignore argument\crs
+    "\inline"&            A&  unpadded horizontal line in table\crs
+    "\ipar"&            Par&  indented paragraph\crs
+    "\ivpar"&           Par&  inverted paragraph\crs
+    "\linebreak"&         A&  force line break in paragraph\crs
+    "\midline"&           A&  horizontal line for middle of table\crs
+    "\monthname"&         A&  full name of current month\crs
+    "\monthshortname"&    A&  first three letters of current month\crs
+    "\nfootnote"&        SD&  specify numbered footnote in paragraph\crs
+    "\oopstex"&           A&  the \ytex\ symbol\crs
+    "\opentable"&        PD&  unboxed table\crs
+    "\padline"&           A&  put padding in table\crs
+    "\pageeject"&         A&  force a page break in double-column mode\crs
+    "\pagefigure"&       PD&  full page figure in desired style\crs
+    "\partpage"&         PD&  titling page with usual page number\crs
+    "\pbrk"&              A&  escape to vertical mode in \lisp\ programs\crs
+    "\pchapter"&         PD&  chapter title on new page\crs
+    "\quote"&            PD&  quotation text\crs
+    "\regsize"&           A&  switch to the regular size of type\crs
+    "\secdef"&            A&  no-op for managing section numbers\crs
+    "\secref"&            A&  no-op for managing section numbers\crs
+    "\section"&          PD&  section title\crs
+    "\sectionfigures"&    A&  figure style is {\it section}\crs
+    "\sectionfigure"&    PD&  define section figure\crs
+    "\sectionpagefigure"&PD&  define section full-page figure\crs
+    "\setnormalbaselines"&A&  use "\baselinefactor" to set baselines\crs
+    "\shortdate"&         A&  date as in 9 Jun 86\crs
+    "\shortyear"&         A&  last two digits of current year\crs
+    "\singlespace"&       A&  single space text\crs
+    "\slashdate"&         A&  date as in 6/9/86\crs
+    "\smlsize"&           A&  switch to a smaller size of type\crs
+    "\smllsize"&          A&  switch to an even smaller size\crs
+    "\smlllsize"&         A&  switch to an even smaller size still\crs
+    "\spread"&           SD&  spread args evenly on line\crs
+    "\stationaryfigures"& A&  figure style is {\it stationary}\crs
+    "\stationaryfigure"& PD&  define stationary figure\crs
+    "\stationarypagefigure"&PD&  define stationary full-page figure\crs
+    "\subsection"&       PD&  synonym for "\section"\crs
+    "\subsubsection"&    PD&  synonym for "\section"\crs
+    "\sy"&               SD&  set arg in smaller typewriter font\crs
+    "\sybox"&            SD&  hboxed "\sy"\crs
+    "\tabdef"&            A&  no-op for managing table numbers\crs
+    "\table"&            PD&  vboxed table\crs
+    "\tabref"&            A&  no-op for managing table numbers\crs
+    "\tcenter"&          PD&  centered title\crs
+    "\title"&            PD&  title\crs
+    "\titlepage"&        PD&  titling page with page number 0\crs
+    "\tleft"&            PD&  left-flush title\crs
+    "\topfigures"&        A&  figure style is {\it top}\crs
+    "\topfigure"&        PD&  define top figure\crs
+    "\toppagefigure"&    PD&  define top full-page figure\crs
+    "\topline"&           A&  horizontal line for top of table\crs
+    "\tright"&           PD&  right-flush title\crs
+    "\twocolumntext"&    PD&  two-column text\crs
+    "\ucsy"&             SD&  uppercase "\sy"\crs
+    "\ucsybox"&          SD&  uppercase "\sybox"\crs
+    "\unvpar"&            A&  allow indentation on next paragraph\crs
+    "\verb"&              A&  verbatim text\crs
+    "\vfootnote"&        PD&  specify footnote text in vertical mode\crs
+    "\vpar"&              A&  disallow indentation on next paragraph\crs
+    "\vtpar"&           Par&  variably-tagged paragraph\crs
+    "\ytex"&              A&  the \ytex\ symbol\cr
+  \endopentable
+\endgroup
+
+\heading {Parameters}
+
+The {\bf type} given in this table is one of {\bf I} for
+<integer>, {\bf D} for <dimen>, {\bf G} for <glue>, and {\bf
+T} for <toks>.
+
+\medskip
+
+\begingroup
+  \def\crs{\cr\noalign{\vskip 0pt plus.2pt}}
+  \intabskip=.5em
+  \beginopentable [lcl]%
+    \bf Parameter&  \bf Type& \bf Default\cr
+    \midline
+    "\abovecaptionskip"&   G&  "\medskipamount"\crs
+    "\abovechapterskip"&   G&  "18pt", stretch is 3 times the "\parskip"'s\crs
+    "\abstractfont"&       T&  "{\smlsize\rm}"\crs
+    "\abstractindent"&     D&  "0pt"\crs
+    "\authorfont"&         T&  "{\regsize\rm}"\crs
+    "\baselinefactor"&     T&  "{1.3}"\crs
+    "\belowchapterskip"&   G&  "9pt", stretch is 3 times the "\parskip"'s\crs
+    "\bottomgloss"&        T&  <empty>\crs
+    "\bottomtextfont"&     T&  "{\smllsize\rm}"\crs
+    "\botsep"&             T&  "{\vskip\bigskipamount \footnoterule}"\crs
+    "\captionindent"&      D&  "\parindent"\crs
+    "\captionfont"&        T&  "{\smlsize\rm}"\crs
+    "\chapterfont"&        T&  "{\bigsize\bf}"\crs
+    "\columnskip"&         D&  "2pc"\crs
+    "\copyrightholder"&    T&  "{by the author}"\crs
+    "\dhbarheight"&        D&  "1pt"\crs
+    "\dvbarwidth"&         D&  "1pt"\crs
+    "\figurelinedrop"&     D&  "4pt"\crs
+    "\footerdrop"&         D&  "1.25pc"\crs
+    "\footnotefont"&       T&  "{\smlsize\rm}"\crs
+    "\footnotemarkerwidth"&D&  "10pt"\crs
+    "\hbarheight"&         D&  "0.4pt"\crs
+    "\headerdrop"&         D&  "1.25pc"\crs
+    "\hour"&               I&  starting hour of job\crs
+    "\intabskip"&          G&  "1em"\crs
+    "\lispfont"&           T&  "{\smlsize\tt}"\crs
+    "\minute"&             I&  starting minute of job\crs
+    "\pageno"&             I&  current page number\crs
+    "\partagsep"&          D&  separation between tag and crown line\crs
+    "\postchapterpenalty"& I&  "10000"\crs
+    "\posttabskip"&        G&  "0pt plus 1fil"\crs
+    "\prechapterpenalty"&  I&  "-500"\crs
+    "\pretabskip"&         G&  "0pt plus 1fil"\crs
+    "\quotefont"&          T&  "{\smlsize\rm}"\crs
+    "\rectoleftheader"&    T&  "{\firstmark}"\crs
+    "\rectocenterheader"&  T&  <empty>\crs
+    "\rectorightheader"&   T&  "{\bf folio}"\crs
+    "\rectoleftfooter"&    T&  <empty>\crs
+    "\rectocenterfooter"&  T&  "{\bf folio}"\crs
+    "\rectorightfooter"&   T&  <empty>\crs
+    "\runnerfont"&         T&  "{\smlsize\rm}"\crs
+    "\runninghead"&        T&  <synonym for "\rectoleftheader">\crs
+    "\tablewidth"&         D&  "0pt" (settable only)\crs
+    "\tablestyle"&         T&  {"\displaystyle"}\crs
+    "\titlefont"&          T&  "{\bigsize\bf}"\crs
+    "\topgloss"&           T&  <empty>\crs
+    "\topsep"&             T&  <empty>\crs
+    "\typesize"&           D&  10pt (settable only)\crs
+    "\vbarwidth"&          D&  "0.4pt"\crs
+    "\versoleftheader"&    T&  "{\bf folio}"\crs
+    "\versocenterheader"&  T&  <empty>\crs
+    "\versorightheader"&   T&  <empty>\crs
+    "\versoleftfooter"&    T&  <empty>\crs
+    "\versocenterfooter"&  T&  "{\bf folio}"\crs
+    "\versorightfooter"&   T&  <empty>\cr
+  \endopentable
+\endgroup
+
+\heading {Switches}
+
+The {\bf type} given in this table is one of {\bf O} for on/off
+and {\bf T} for true/false.
+
+\medskip
+
+\begingroup
+  \def\crs{\cr\noalign{\vskip 0pt plus.2pt}}
+  \intabskip=.5em
+  \beginopentable [lcl]%
+    \bf Switch&     \bf Type& \bf Default\cr
+    \midline
+    "\centerheadings"&     T&  false\crs
+    "\figureline"&         T&  false\crs
+    "\footers"&            O&  off\crs
+    "\headers"&            O&  on\crs
+    "\indent"&             O&  on\crs
+    "\runners"&            O&  on\crs
+    "\showcopyright"&      T&  false\crs
+    "\twosided"&           T&  false\crs
+    "\vpar"&               T&  true\cr
+  \endopentable
+\endgroup
+
+\bye
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/yuser.mac b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/yuser.mac
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..960b8aee074
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Master/texmf-dist/tex/ytex/base/yuser.mac
@@ -0,0 +1,1351 @@
+% Copyright (c) 1985, 1986 Daniel C. Brotsky.  All rights reserved.
+% User interface for yTeX.  See the file YTEX.MAC for details.
+
+% CONTENTS
+
+% ^L-page       contents
+% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+% 1             %% User interface to YTEX macros
+% 2             %% combinators
+% 3             %% runners
+% 4             %% glosses
+% 5             %% paragraphs
+% 6             %% textual displays
+% 7             %% lisp programs
+% 8             %% footnotes
+% 9             %% figures
+% 10            %% tables
+% 11            %% equations
+% 12            %% chapters and sections
+% 13            %% special pages
+% 14            %% 2 columns
+% 15            %% indexes
+% 16            %% citations
+% 17            %% labels
+% 18            %% initialization
+
+\message{combinators,}
+
+% verbatim word
+\def\verb {% <token>#1<token>
+  \begingroup\tt\specials@ther\activespaces\ \v@rb}
+\def\v@rb #1{%
+  \def\next##1#1{##1\endgroup}\next}
+
+% spread to the current hsize
+\newspread\spread
+  \setup
+  \endnew
+\let\@@spreadwidth=\spreadwidth \let\spreadwidth=\hsize
+
+% left-adjusted, center-adjusted, and right-adjusted titles
+\newtitle\tleft
+  \box \vopen
+  \shape \titleleft{\z@}{\z@}%
+  \font
+  \setup
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newtitle\tcenter
+  \box \vopen
+  \shape \titlecenter{\z@}{\z@}%
+  \font
+  \setup
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newtitle\tright
+  \box \vopen
+  \shape \titleright{\z@}{\z@}%
+  \font
+  \setup
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+
+% symbols
+\newtextwrap\sy
+  \box \hopen
+  \setup \smltt
+  \before
+  \after
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newtextwrap\sybox
+  \box \hbox
+  \setup \smltt
+  \before
+  \after
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newtextwrap\ucsy
+  \box \hopen
+  \setup \smltt
+  \before
+  \after
+  \begin \uppercase\bgroup
+  \end \egroup
+  \endnew
+\newtextwrap\ucsybox
+  \box \hbox
+  \setup \smltt
+  \before
+  \after
+  \begin \uppercase\bgroup
+  \end \egroup
+  \endnew
+
+\def\ignore #{%
+  \begingroup
+    \def\do ##1{\catcode`##1=12\relax}%
+    \dospecials                 % turn off all special chars
+    \catcode`\\=0\relax         % need to see commands as single tokens
+    \catcode`\{=1\catcode`\}=2\relax    % need to recognize balanced braces
+    \catcode`\%=14\relax        % need to ignore comments
+    \let\par=\relax
+    \ignorereader}
+\long
+\def\ignorereader #1{%
+    \endgroup}
+
+\message{runners,}
+
+% contents of headers and footers
+\newtoks\versoleftheader
+\newtoks\versocenterheader
+\newtoks\versorightheader
+\newtoks\rectoleftheader
+\newtoks\rectocenterheader
+\newtoks\rectorightheader
+
+\newtoks\versoleftfooter
+\newtoks\versocenterfooter
+\newtoks\versorightfooter
+\newtoks\rectoleftfooter
+\newtoks\rectocenterfooter
+\newtoks\rectorightfooter
+
+\newtoks\runnerfont
+
+\rectoheader={\the\runnerfont
+  \line{\hbox to\z@{\the\rectoleftheader\hss}\hfil
+        \hbox to\z@{\hss\the\rectocenterheader\hss}\hfil
+        \hbox to\z@{\hss\the\rectorightheader}}}
+\versoheader={\the\runnerfont
+  \line{\hbox to\z@{\the\versoleftheader\hss}\hfil
+        \hbox to\z@{\hss\the\versocenterheader\hss}\hfil
+        \hbox to\z@{\hss\the\versorightheader}}}
+\rectofooter={\the\runnerfont
+  \line{\hbox to\z@{\the\rectoleftfooter\hss}\hfil
+        \hbox to\z@{\hss\the\rectocenterfooter\hss}\hfil
+        \hbox to\z@{\hss\the\rectorightfooter}}}
+\versofooter={\the\runnerfont
+  \line{\hbox to\z@{\the\versoleftfooter\hss}\hfil
+        \hbox to\z@{\hss\the\versocenterfooter\hss}\hfil
+        \hbox to\z@{\hss\the\versorightfooter}}}
+
+\versoleftheader={\bf\folio}
+\rectoleftheader={\firstm@rk}
+\rectorightheader={\bf\folio}
+
+\versocenterfooter={\bf\folio}
+\rectocenterfooter={\bf\folio}
+
+% convenient runner settings: args are toklists
+\let\fixedhead=\versorightheader
+\let\runninghead=\rectoleftheader
+
+\message{glosses,}
+
+% top gloss: copyright
+\newif\ifshowcopyright
+\newtoks\copyrightholder
+\def\copyrightpage {\ifshowcopyright\yestopgloss\fi}
+\copyrightholder={by the author}
+\topgloss={\regsize\bf
+  Copyright $\m@th\copyright$ \number\year~\the\copyrightholder\hfil
+  \shortdate \enspace[\daytime]}
+
+% drafts
+\def\draft {%
+  \ymessage{{Draft}}
+  \overfullrule=5\p@
+  \bottomgloss={\regsize\bf
+    DRAFT $\bullet$ DRAFT $\bullet$ DRAFT\hfil
+    \date \enspace [\daytime]}
+  \bottomglosstrue}
+
+\message{paragraphs,}
+
+% disciplined \rem@veindent
+\newif\ifvpar
+\def\vpar {%
+  \ifvpar \edef\next{\the\everypar}\ifx\next\empty \rem@veindent \fi\fi}
+\def\unvpar {\everypar={}}
+
+% various paragraph shapes
+\newpar\ivpar
+  \argtext
+  \setup
+  \vestindent \parindent
+  \starter \noindent
+  \endnew
+\newpar\ipar
+  \argtext
+  \setup
+  \vestindent \parindent
+  \starter \indent
+  \endnew
+\newdimen\partagsep
+\newbox\partagbox
+\newpar\ftpar
+  \argtext #1%
+  \setup \setbox\partagbox=\hbox{#1}%
+         \ifdim \wd\partagbox<\parindent
+           \setbox\partagbox=\hbox to\parindent{\unhbox\partagbox \hfil}%
+         \else
+           \setbox\partagbox=\hbox{\unhbox\partagbox \hskip\partagsep}\fi
+  \vestindent \parindent
+  \starter \noindent \box\partagbox \ignorespaces
+  \endnew
+\newpar\atpar
+  \argtext #1%
+  \setup
+  \vestindent \parindent
+  \starter \noindent \hbox to\parindent {\hss #1\hskip\partagsep}\ignorespaces
+  \endnew
+\newpar\vtpar
+  \argtext #1%
+  \setup \setbox\partagbox=\hbox{#1\hskip\partagsep}%
+  \vestindent 1\wd\partagbox
+  \starter \noindent \box\partagbox \ignorespaces
+  \endnew
+
+% bullet paragraphs and lists thereof
+\newpar\bpar
+  \argtext
+  \setup
+  \vestindent \parindent
+  \starter \noindent \hbox to\parindent {$\m@th\bullet$\hfil}\ignorespaces
+  \endnew
+
+\newelement\bullets
+  \setup \unvpar
+  \above \minbreak \prebulletspenalty \abovebulletsskip
+  \below \dobreak \postbulletspenalty \belowbulletsskip \vpar
+  \begin
+  \end \endgraf
+  \endnew
+\setskip\abovebulletsskip \dimen 2pt \glue \parskip \factor 500
+\setskip\belowbulletsskip \dimen 2pt \glue \parskip \factor 500
+\prebulletspenalty=-200
+\postbulletspenalty=-200
+
+% quotes
+\newtoks\quotefont
+\newelement\quote
+  \setup \advance\leftskip\parindent \advance\rightskip\parindent
+         \unvpar \the\quotefont \offindent
+  \above \vskip\baselineskip \nobreak   % compensate for smaller baseline
+         \begingroup \the\quotefont \vskip-\baselineskip \endgroup
+  \below \vpar
+  \begin
+  \end \endgraf
+  \endnew
+
+% ragged center (mostly from the TeXbook)
+\def\raggedcenter {%
+  \leftskip=\z@ plus2em \rightskip=\leftskip
+  \spaceskip=.3333em \xspaceskip=.5em \parfillskip=\z@
+  \pretolerance=9999 \tolerance=9999 \hbadness=9999
+  \hyphenpenalty=9999 \exhyphenpenalty=9999
+  \offindent}
+
+% ragged left
+\def\raggedleft {%
+  \leftskip=\z@ plus2em \rightskip=\z@skip
+  \spaceskip=.3333em \xspaceskip=.5em \parfillskip=\z@
+  \pretolerance=9999 \tolerance=9999 \hbadness=9999
+  \hyphenpenalty=9999 \exhyphenpenalty=9999
+  \offindent}
+
+\message{textual displays,}
+
+% nofill
+\newelement\nofill
+  \setup \offindent \setupnofill
+  \above \vskip\parskip                 % compensate for loss of \parskip
+  \below \vpar
+  \begin
+  \end \endgraf
+  \endnew
+
+\newtext\text
+  \display
+  \setup \hsize=\displaywidth \advance\leftskip\displayindent \setupnofill
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newtext\textlines
+  \display \displaywidth=\hsize \displayindent=\z@
+  \setup \setupnofill
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newtext\code
+  \display
+  \setup \hsize=\displaywidth \advance\leftskip\displayindent \tt \setupnofill
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newtext\codelines
+  \display \displaywidth=\hsize \displayindent=\z@
+  \setup \tt \setupnofill
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+
+% verbatim material
+\def\beginverbatim {%
+  \par
+  \beginpgroup
+  \vskip\parskip
+  \setupverbatim
+  \re@dverbatim}
+{\obeylines \catcode`\|=\@scape \catcode`\\=\@ther %
+ |gdef|re@dverbatim#1^^M#2\endverbatim{#1#2|endgroup}}
+
+\newverbatim\verb
+  \begincs \beginverb
+  \readcs \readv@rb
+  \endcsname endverb%
+  \display
+  \setup \hsize=\displaywidth \advance\leftskip\displayindent \tt
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newverbatim\verblines
+  \begincs \beginverblines
+  \readcs \readv@rblines
+  \endcsname endverblines%
+  \display \displaywidth=\hsize \displayindent=\z@
+  \setup \tt
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+
+\message{lisp programs,}
+
+% make semis active a la \obeylines
+{\catcode`\;=\@ctive
+ \gdef\obeysemis {\catcode`\;=\@ctive\relax \let;=\lispsemi}}
+
+% \beginl@sp <body> \endl@sp
+\def\beginl@sp {%
+  \beginpgroup
+  % semis start comments unless immediately followed by \pbrk
+  \def\lispsemi{\futurelet\next\l@spsemi}%
+  \def\l@spsemi{\ifx\next\pbrk \let\next=\relax
+                  \else        \let\next=\l@spcomment\fi
+                  \next}%
+  \obeysemis
+  % spaces made active so they start paragraphs
+  %   and so multiple spaces aren't collapsed to one.
+  \activespaces\ %
+  % nofill via every line a par, if spaces start next line
+  %   we do a \noindent to make sure a par gets started.
+  % in addition, turn off interline skip and use struts
+  %   to insure baseline spacing
+  \offinterlineskip
+  \parskip=\z@skip
+  \def\par{\ifhmode \nobreak\strut \fi \endgraf}
+  \obeylines
+  % compensate for loss of baseline spacing
+  \skip@=\dp\strutbox \advance\skip@ -\prevdepth
+  \ifdim \skip@>\z@ \vskip\skip@ \nobreak \fi
+  % make ',` do the right thing; make &, #, <> harmless
+  \makebqspecial
+  \makeandother
+  \makesharpother
+  \makelgtother
+  \vbox\bgroup}
+
+\def\endl@sp {%
+  \egroup
+  \endpgroup}
+
+{\obeylines                     % for defs that happen where ^^M is active
+% each program is a box, preventing page splits, but we
+%   make the \pbrk macro work a la \noalign whose arg is
+%   the entire rest of the line.
+\gdef\pbrk #1^^M{%
+    \egroup%
+  \def\next{#1}%
+  \ifx\empty\next%
+    \smallskip
+    \else \begingroup \activespaces\space \next\endgroup\fi%
+  \vbox\bgroup%
+    ^^M}                        % end with a CR since arg did
+% semicolons start program comments which end with the end
+% of the line.  These comments are in roman, in an \hbox to
+% avoid line breaking, <> become angle brackets,
+% and ; becomes harmless
+\gdef\l@spcomment {%
+  \begingroup%
+  \def\lispsemi{;\kern\p@}\obeysemis    % this works even if ; already read
+  \def^^M{\egroup\endgroup^^M}% end with ^^M since line does
+  \leavevmode\hbox\bgroup \rm \strut;\kern\p@}%
+} % end of def group
+
+\newtoks\lispfont
+\newtext\lisp
+  \display
+  \setup \hsize=\displaywidth \advance\leftskip\displayindent
+         \the\lispfont
+  \begin \beginl@sp
+  \end \endl@sp
+  \endnew
+\newtext\lisplines
+  \display \displaywidth=\hsize \displayindent=\z@
+  \setup \the\lispfont
+  \begin \beginl@sp
+  \end \endl@sp
+  \endnew
+
+\message{footnotes,}
+
+\let\footdef=\relax
+\let\footref=\relax
+
+\newfloat\footn@te
+  \type \botfloat
+  \floatsetup \setupfootnotefloat
+  \setup \setupfootnote
+  \floatabove
+  \floatbelow
+  \begin \startfootnote
+  \end \strut\endgraf
+  \endnew
+
+\def\setupfootnotefloat {%
+  \splittopskip=\ht\strutbox % top baseline for broken footnotes
+  \splitmaxdepth=\dp\strutbox
+  \floatingpenalty=\@M
+  \setupfootnotefloathook}
+\def\setupfootnotefloathook {}
+
+\newtoks\footnotefont
+\def\setupfootnote {%
+  \interlinepenalty=\interfootnotelinepenalty
+  \leftskip=\footnotemarkerwidth
+  \parfillskip=\filskip
+  \rightskip=\z@skip
+  \spaceskip=\z@skip
+  \xspaceskip=\z@skip
+  \the\footnotefont
+  \setupfootnotehook}
+\def\setupfootnotehook {}
+
+% footnote markers
+\newdimen\footnotemarkerwidth
+\def\footstrut {\vbox to\splittopskip{}}
+\def\startfootnote #1{%
+  \noindent \llap{#1}\footstrut}
+
+% hmode footnote invocation
+\def\footnote #1{\let\@sf\empty
+  \ifhmode\edef\@sf{\spacefactor\the\spacefactor}\/\fi
+  #1\@sf\beginfootn@te{#1}\futurelet\next\fo@t}
+\def\@foot {\endfootn@te}
+
+% numbered hmode footnote
+\def\nfootnote #1{\footnote{$\m@th^{#1}$}}
+
+% vmode footnote invocation
+\def\vfootnote #1{\beginfootn@te{#1}\futurelet\next\fo@t}
+
+% general footnote invocation
+\newfloat\footmatter
+  \type \botfloat
+  \floatsetup \setupfootnotefloat \leftskip=\z@skip
+  \setup \setupfootnote
+  \floatabove
+  \floatbelow
+  \begin \noindent \footstrut
+  \end \strut\endgraf
+  \endnew
+
+\message{figures,}
+
+\let\figdef=\relax
+\let\figref=\relax
+
+% lines above and below figures
+\newif\iffigureline
+\newdimen\figurelinedrop
+\def\figl@nabove {%
+  \iffigureline \hrule \vskip\figurelinedrop\relax \fi}
+\def\figl@nbelow {%
+  \iffigureline \nobreak \vskip\figurelinedrop \hrule\relax \fi}
+
+% figure environment definitions
+\newdimen\captionindent
+\newtoks\captionfont
+\def\setupcaption {%
+  \leftskip=\captionindent
+  \rightskip=\captionindent
+  \the\captionfont
+  \parskip=\z@skip
+  \everypar={}%
+  \vpar
+  \setupcaptionhook}
+\def\setupcaptionhook {}
+
+\newelement\c@ption
+  \setup \setupcaption
+  \above \dobreak \prec@ptionpenalty \abovec@ptionskip
+  \below  \dobreak \postc@ptionpenalty \belowc@ptionskip
+  \begin
+  \end \ifhmode \vrule width\z@ height\z@ depth\dp\strutbox \fi \endgraf
+  \endnew
+\let\abovecaptionskip=\abovec@ptionskip
+\let\belowcaptionskip=\belowc@ptionskip
+\let\precaptionpenalty=\prec@ptionpenalty
+\let\postcaptionpenalty=\postc@ptionpenalty
+  
+\def\setupfigure {%
+  \let\begincaption=\beginc@ption
+  \let\endcaption=\endc@ption
+  \let\caption=\c@ption
+  \leftskip=\z@skip
+  \rightskip=\z@skip
+  \spaceskip=\z@skip
+  \xspaceskip=\z@skip
+  \parfillskip=\filskip
+  \everypar={}%
+  \setupfigurehook}
+\def\setupfigurehook {}
+
+% figure type indicators
+\newif\ifstationaryfigur@
+\newif\ifsectionfigur@
+\newif\iftopfigur@
+\newif\iffloatingfigur@
+
+% stationary figures
+\newelement\stationaryfigure
+  \setup \stationaryfigur@true \setupfigure
+  \above \minbreak \prestationaryfigurepenalty \abovestationaryfigureskip
+         \nointerlineskip
+  \below \dobreak \poststationaryfigurepenalty \belowstationaryfigureskip
+         \nointerlineskip
+  \begin \vbox\bgroup \figl@nabove
+  \end \figl@nbelow \egroup
+  \endnew
+\abovestationaryfigureskip=\bigskipamount
+\belowstationaryfigureskip=\bigskipamount
+\prestationaryfigurepenalty=\z@
+\poststationaryfigurepenalty=-200
+\newpage\pagestationaryfigure
+  \setup \stationaryfigur@true \setupfigure
+  \glue
+  \begin \vbox to\vsize\bgroup \figl@nabove
+  \end \figl@nbelow \vskip \z@ plus\@M\p@ \egroup
+  \endnew
+\def\stationaryfigures {%
+  \let\figure=\stationaryfigure
+  \let\pagefigure=\stationarypagefigure
+  \let\beginfigure=\beginstationaryfigure
+  \let\endfigure=\endstationaryfigure
+  \let\beginpagefigure=\beginstationarypagefigure
+  \let\endpagefigure=\endstationarypagefigure
+  \let\abovefigureskip=\abovestationaryfigureskip
+  \let\belowfigureskip=\belowstationaryfigureskip
+  \let\prefigurepenalty=\prestationaryfigurepenalty
+  \let\postfigurepenalty=\poststationaryfigurepenalty}
+
+% section figures
+\newelement\sectionfigure
+  \setup \sectionfigur@true \setupfigure
+  \above \dobreak \presectionfigurepenalty \abovesectionfigureskip
+         \nointerlineskip
+  \below \dobreak \postsectionfigurepenalty \belowsectionfigureskip
+         \nointerlineskip
+  \begin \vbox\bgroup \figl@nabove
+  \end \figl@nbelow \egroup
+  \endnew
+\abovesectionfigureskip=\z@skip
+\belowsectionfigureskip=\fillskip
+\presectionfigurepenalty=\@M
+\postsectionfigurepenalty=-200
+\newpage\sectionpagefigure
+  \setup \sectionfigur@true \setupfigure
+  \glue
+  \begin \vbox to\vsize\bgroup \figl@nabove
+  \end \figl@nbelow \vskip \z@ plus\@M\p@ \egroup
+  \endnew
+\def\sectionfigures {%
+  \let\figure=\sectionfigure
+  \let\pagefigure=\sectionpagefigure
+  \let\beginfigure=\beginsectionfigure
+  \let\endfigure=\endsectionfigure
+  \let\beginpagefigure=\beginsectionpagefigure
+  \let\endpagefigure=\endsectionpagefigure
+  \let\abovefigureskip=\abovesectionfigureskip
+  \let\belowfigureskip=\belowsectionfigureskip
+  \let\prefigurepenalty=\presectionfigurepenalty
+  \let\postfigurepenalty=\postsectionfigurepenalty}
+
+% floating top figures
+\newskip\abovetopfigureskip \abovetopfigureskip=\z@skip
+\newskip\belowtopfigureskip \belowtopfigureskip=\bigskipamount
+\newcount\pretopfigurepenalty \pretopfigurepenalty=100
+\newcount\posttopfigurepenalty \posttopfigurepenalty=\z@
+\newfloat\topfigure
+  \type \topfloat
+  \floatsetup \floatingpenalty\posttopfigurepenalty
+              \splitmaxdepth\maxdimen \splittopskip\z@skip
+  \setup \topfigur@true \setupfigure
+  \floatabove \penalty\pretopfigurepenalty \vskip\abovetopfigureskip
+              \nointerlineskip
+  \floatbelow \nobreak \vskip\belowtopfigureskip
+  \begin \vbox\bgroup \figl@nabove
+  \end \figl@nbelow \egroup
+  \endnew
+\newpagefloat\toppagefigure
+  \type \topfloat
+  \floatsetup \penalty\pretopfigurepenalty
+              \floatingpenalty\posttopfigurepenalty
+              \splitmaxdepth\maxdimen \splittopskip\z@skip
+  \setup \topfigur@true \setupfigure
+  \above
+  \below
+  \begin \vbox to\vsize\bgroup \figl@nabove
+  \end \figl@nbelow \vskip \z@ plus\@M\p@ \egroup
+  \endnew
+\gdef\topfigures {%
+  \let\figure=\topfigure
+  \let\pagefigure=\toppagefigure
+  \let\beginfigure=\begintopfigure
+  \let\endfigure=\endtopfigure
+  \let\beginpagefigure=\begintoppagefigure
+  \let\endpagefigure=\endtoppagefigure
+  \let\abovefigureskip=\abovetopfigureskip
+  \let\belowfigureskip=\belowtopfigureskip
+  \let\prefigurepenalty=\pretopfigurepenalty
+  \let\postfigurepenalty=\posttopfigurepenalty}
+
+% inline/floating figures
+\newskip\floatabovefloatingfigureskip
+\newskip\floatbelowfloatingfigureskip
+\newcount\floatprefloatingfigurepenalty
+\newcount\floatpostfloatingfigurepenalty
+\floatabovefloatingfigureskip=\z@skip
+\floatbelowfloatingfigureskip=\bigskipamount
+\floatprefloatingfigurepenalty=100
+\floatpostfloatingfigurepenalty=\z@
+\newskip\abovefloatingfigureskip \abovefloatingfigureskip=\bigskipamount
+\newskip\belowfloatingfigureskip \belowfloatingfigureskip=\bigskipamount
+\newcount\prefloatingfigurepenalty \prefloatingfigurepenalty=\z@
+\newcount\postfloatingfigurepenalty \postfloatingfigurepenalty=-200
+\newfitfloat\floatingfigure
+  \type \topfloat
+  \floatsetup \floatingpenalty\floatpostfloatingfigurepenalty
+              \splitmaxdepth\maxdimen \splittopskip\z@skip
+  \setup \floatingfigur@true \setupfigure
+  \floatabove \penalty\floatprefloatingfigurepenalty
+              \vskip\floatabovefloatingfigureskip
+              \nointerlineskip
+  \floatbelow \nobreak \vskip\floatbelowfloatingfigureskip
+  \above \penalty\prefloatingfigurepenalty
+         \vskip\abovefloatingfigureskip
+         \nointerlineskip
+  \below \penalty\postfloatingfigurepenalty
+         \vskip\belowfloatingfigureskip
+         \nointerlineskip \vpar
+  \begin \vbox\bgroup \figl@nabove
+  \end \figl@nbelow \egroup
+  \endnew
+\newpagefloat\floatingpagefigure
+  \type \topfloat
+  \floatsetup \penalty\floatprefloatingfigurepenalty
+              \floatingpenalty\floatpostfloatingfigurepenalty
+              \splitmaxdepth\maxdimen \splittopskip\z@skip
+  \setup \floatingfigur@true \setupfigure
+  \above
+  \below
+  \begin \vbox to\vsize\bgroup \figl@nabove
+  \end \figl@nbelow \vskip \z@ plus\@M\p@ \egroup
+  \endnew
+\gdef\floatingfigures {%
+  \let\figure=\floatingfigure
+  \let\pagefigure=\floatingpagefigure
+  \let\beginfigure=\beginfloatingfigure
+  \let\endfigure=\endfloatingfigure
+  \let\beginpagefigure=\beginfloatingpagefigure
+  \let\endpagefigure=\endfloatingpagefigure
+  \let\abovefigureskip=\abovefloatingfigureskip
+  \let\belowfigureskip=\belowfloatingfigureskip
+  \let\prefigurepenalty=\prefloatingfigurepenalty
+  \let\postfigurepenalty=\postfloatingfigurepenalty}
+
+\message{tables,}
+
+\let\tabdef=\relax
+\let\tabref=\relax
+
+\newtable\table
+  \leftdelim [%
+  \rightdelim ]%
+  \before \vbox\bgroup
+  \after \egroup
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newtable\toptable
+  \leftdelim [%
+  \rightdelim ]%
+  \before \vtop\bgroup
+  \after \egroup
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newtable\centertable
+  \leftdelim [%
+  \rightdelim ]%
+  \before \vcenter\bgroup
+  \after \egroup
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newtable\opentable
+  \leftdelim [%
+  \rightdelim ]%
+  \before
+  \after
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newtable\displaytable
+  \leftdelim [%
+  \rightdelim ]%
+  \before \tablewidth=\hsize$$
+  \after $$
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+
+\message{equations,}
+
+% equation numbering
+\let\eqdef=\relax
+\let\eqref=\relax
+
+% synonyms for $$
+\def\beginmath {$$}
+\def\endmath {$$}
+\def\math #1{$$#1$$}
+
+\message{chapters and sections,}
+
+\let\secref=\relax
+\let\secdef=\relax
+
+% are section, etc. headings centered or left-flush
+\newif\ifcenterheadings
+
+% chapters
+\newtoks\chapterfont
+\newtitle\chaptertitle
+  \box \vopen
+  \shape \ifcenterheadings \titlecenter{\z@}{\z@}\else
+                           \titleleft{\z@}{\z@}\fi
+  \font \the\chapterfont
+  \setup \interlinepenalty=\@M
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+
+\def\chaptersetup {%
+  \chaptersetuphook}
+\def\chaptersetuphook {}
+
+\newelement\chapter
+  \setup \get@rg\endchapter \chaptersetup
+  \above \minbreak \prechapterpenalty \abovechapterskip
+  \below \dobreak \postchapterpenalty \belowchapterskip \vpar
+  \begin \get@rg
+  \end \ymessage{{Chapter: \the\toks@}}\chaptertitle{\the\toks@}%
+  \endnew
+\setskip\abovechapterskip \dimen 36pt \glue \parskip \factor 3000
+\setskip\belowchapterskip \dimen 18pt \glue \parskip \factor 2000
+\prechapterpenalty=-500
+\postchapterpenalty=10000
+
+\newelement\pchapter
+  \setup \get@rg\endpchapter \chaptersetup
+  \above \rectosupereject
+  \below \dobreak \postchapterpenalty \belowchapterskip \vpar
+  \begin \get@rg
+  \end \ymessage{{Chapter: \the\toks@}}\chaptertitle{\the\toks@}%
+  \endnew
+
+% starts sections.
+\newtoks\sectionfont
+\newtitle\sectiontitle
+  \box \vbottom
+  \shape \ifcenterheadings \titlecenter{\z@}{\z@}\else
+                           \titleleft{\z@}{\z@}\fi
+  \font \the\sectionfont
+  \setup
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+
+\def\sectionsetup {%
+  \sectionsetuphook}
+\def\sectionsetuphook {}
+
+\newelement\section
+  \setup \get@rg\endsection \sectionsetup
+  \above \minbreak \presectionpenalty \abovesectionskip
+  \below \dobreak \postsectionpenalty \belowsectionskip \vpar
+  \begin \get@rg
+  \end \ymessage{{Section: \the\toks@}}\sectiontitle{\the\toks@}%
+  \endnew
+\setskip\abovesectionskip \dimen 18pt \glue \parskip \factor 3000
+\setskip\belowsectionskip \dimen  9pt \glue \parskip \factor 2000
+\presectionpenalty=-200
+\postsectionpenalty=10000
+
+\let\beginsubsection=\beginsection
+\let\endsubsection=\endsection
+\let\subsection=\section
+
+\let\beginsubsubsection=\beginsubsection
+\let\endsubsubsection=\endsubsection
+\let\subsubsection=\subsection
+
+% simple heading
+\newtoks\headingfont
+\newtitle\headingtitle
+  \box \vbottom
+  \shape \ifcenterheadings \titlecenter{\z@}{\z@}\else
+                           \titleleft{\z@}{\z@}\fi
+  \font \the\headingfont
+  \setup
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+
+\def\headingsetup {%
+  \headingsetuphook}
+\def\headingsetuphook {}
+
+\newelement\heading
+  \setup \get@rg\endheading \headingsetup
+  \above \minbreak \preheadingpenalty \aboveheadingskip
+  \below \dobreak \postheadingpenalty \belowheadingskip \vpar
+  \begin \get@rg
+  \end \ymessage{{Heading: \the\toks@}}\headingtitle{\the\toks@}%
+  \endnew
+\setskip\aboveheadingskip \dimen 9pt \glue \parskip \factor 1000
+\setskip\belowheadingskip \dimen 4pt \glue \parskip \factor 1000
+\preheadingpenalty=-200
+\postheadingpenalty=10000
+
+\message{special pages,}
+
+% titling pages
+\newsuperpage\titlingpage
+  \setup \norunners \copyrightpage
+  \glue \vfil
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+
+% main title pages
+\newelement\titlepage
+  \setup \titlepagedefs
+  \above
+  \below
+  \begin \begintitlingpage \global\pageno=\z@ \ymessage{{Main title}}
+  \end \endgraf \endtitlingpage \global\pageno=\@ne
+  \endnew
+
+% title pages for sub-parts of a book, etc.
+\newelement\partpage
+  \setup \titlepagedefs
+  \above
+  \below
+  \begin \begintitlingpage \ymessage{{Part title}}
+  \end \endgraf \endtitlingpage
+  \endnew
+
+% titles and abstracts
+\newtoks\titlefont
+\newtoks\authorfont
+\newtitle\title
+  \box \vbottom
+  \shape \titleleft{\z@}{\z@}%
+  \font \the\titlefont
+  \setup
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newtitle\ctitle
+  \box \vbottom
+  \shape \titlecenter{\z@}{\z@}%
+  \font \the\titlefont
+  \setup
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newtitle\author
+  \box \vbottom
+  \shape \titleleft{\z@}{\z@}%
+  \font \the\authorfont
+  \setup
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+\newtitle\cauthor
+  \box \vbottom
+  \shape \titlecenter{\z@}{\z@}%
+  \font \the\authorfont
+  \setup
+  \begin
+  \end
+  \endnew
+
+\newtoks\abstractfont
+\newdimen\abstractindent
+\newelement\abstract
+  \setup \the\abstractfont \parindent=2em%
+         \leftskip=\abstractindent \rightskip=\abstractindent
+  \above \minbreak \preabstractpenalty \aboveabstractskip
+  \below \dobreak \postabstractpenalty \belowabstractskip
+  \begin
+  \end \endgraf
+  \endnew
+
+\newtoks\bottomtextfont
+\def\titlepagedefs {%
+  \newelement\bottomtext
+    \setup \the\bottomtextfont \offindent
+    \above \bigskip \vfill
+    \below
+    \begin
+    \end \endgraf
+    \endnew}
+
+\message{2 columns,}
+
+% N.B. this stuff mostly adapted from the TeXbook
+
+% parameters
+\newdimen\columnskip
+
+\newbox\partialp@ge
+\newdimen\onec@lhsize
+\newdimen\onec@lvsize
+\newtoks\onec@loutput
+\newdimen\twoc@lvsize
+
+\def\setuptwocolumn {%
+  \trimpagesfalse
+  \onec@lfigfoot
+  \def\columneject{\vfil\penalty200}%
+  \baselinefactor={1.2}\setnormalbaselines
+  \spaceskip=.3333em plus .3333em minus .1666em
+  \xspaceskip=.3333em plus .6666em minus .0833em
+  \advance\parskip by 0pt plus 2pt
+  \setuptwocolumnhook}
+\def\setuptwocolumnhook {}
+
+% make figures and footnotes be one column
+\def\onec@lfigfoot {%
+  \topmag=2000%
+  \botmag=2000%
+  \addtodef\setupfigurehook{%
+    \iffloatingfigur@
+      \errhelp={I will assume it doesn't float.}%
+      \errmessage{You can't use a floating figure in two-column text.}%
+    \fi
+    \iftopfigur@ \hsize=\onec@lhsize \fi
+    \vsize=\onec@lvsize}%
+  \addtodef\setupfootnotehook{\hsize=\onec@lhsize}}
+
+\def\begintwocolumntext {%
+  \begingroup
+  \onec@lhsize=\hsize
+  \onec@lvsize=\vsize
+  \onec@loutput=\output
+  \output={\global\setbox\partialp@ge=\vbox{\unvbox\@cclv}}%
+  \let\dosupereject=\twoc@lsupereject
+  \eject
+  \output={\twoc@lout}%
+  \hsize=.5\hsize \advance\hsize by-.5\columnskip
+  \vsize=2\vsize  \advance\vsize by2pc\relax
+  \twoc@lvsize=\vsize
+  \advance\vsize by-2\ht\partialp@ge
+  \setuptwocolumn}
+
+\def\endtwocolumntext {%
+  \output={\balancec@ls}%
+  \eject
+  \global\output=\onec@loutput
+  \global\vsize=\onec@lvsize
+  \endgroup
+  \pagegoal=\vsize}
+
+\def\twocolumntext #1{\begintwocolumntext #1\endtwocolumntext}
+
+\def\twoc@lout {%
+  \dimen@=\onec@lvsize \advance\dimen@ by-\ht\partialp@ge
+  \advance\dimen@ by-\ht\topfloat \advance\dimen@ by-\dp\topfloat
+  \advance\dimen@ by-\ht\botfloat \advance\dimen@ by-\dp\botfloat
+  \ifdim \dimen@>\baselineskip
+    \dimen@i=\ht\@cclv \advance\dimen@i\dp\@cclv
+    \ifdim \dimen@i>\z@
+      \splittopskip=\topskip \splitmaxdepth=\maxdimen
+      \setbox\z@=\vsplit\@cclv to\dimen@
+      \setbox\@ne=\vsplit\@cclv to\dimen@
+    \else
+      \setbox\z@=\box\voidb@x
+      \setbox\@ne=\box\voidb@x
+    \fi
+  \else
+    \setbox\z@=\box\voidb@x
+    \setbox\@ne=\box\voidb@x
+  \fi
+  \def\line{\hbox to\onec@lhsize}%
+  \let\pagebody=\twoc@lpagebody
+  \ytexoutput
+  \global\vsize=\twoc@lvsize
+  \unvbox\@cclv
+  \penalty\outputpenalty}
+
+\def\twoc@lsupereject {%
+  \ifnum\insertpenalties>\z@ % something is being held over
+    \hbox{}\kern-\topskip\nobreak\vskip 0pt plus.5\vsize\penalty-200%
+    \hbox{}\kern-\topskip\nobreak\vskip 0pt plus.5\vsize\supereject\fi}
+
+\def\twoc@lpagebody {%
+  \vbox{\twoc@lpagecontents}}
+
+\def\twoc@lpagecontents {%
+  \dimen@i=\ht\partialp@ge \advance\dimen@i\ht\z@
+  \ifvoid\topfloat\else
+    \dimen@=\ht\topfloat \advance\dimen@\dp\topfloat
+    \unvbox\topfloat
+    \ifdim \dimen@>\z@ \ifdim\dimen@i>\z@ \the\topsep\fi\fi
+  \fi
+  \unvbox\partialp@ge
+  \wd\z@=\hsize \wd\@ne=\hsize
+  \hbox to\onec@lhsize{\box\z@\hfil\box\@ne}
+  \ifvoid\botfloat\else
+    \dimen@=\ht\botfloat \advance\dimen@\dp\botfloat
+    \ifdim \dimen@>\z@ \ifdim\dimen@i>\z@ \the\botsep\fi\fi
+    \unvbox\botfloat
+  \fi}
+
+\def\balancec@ls {%
+  \setbox\z@=\vbox{\unvbox\@cclv}%
+  \dimen@=\ht\z@ \advance\dimen@ by\topskip \advance\dimen@ by-\baselineskip
+  \divide\dimen@ by2 \splittopskip=\topskip \splitmaxdepth=\maxdimen
+  {\vbadness=10000
+    \loop \global\setbox\tw@=\copy\z@ \global\setbox\@ne=\vsplit\tw@ to\dimen@
+    \ifdim\ht\tw@>\dimen@ \global\advance\dimen@ by\p@ \repeat}
+  \setbox\z@=\vbox to\dimen@{\unvbox\@ne}%
+  \setbox\@ne=\vbox to\dimen@{\unvbox\tw@}%
+  \global\output={\balancing@rror}
+  \unvbox\partialp@ge
+  \wd\z@=\hsize \wd\@ne=\hsize
+  \hbox to\onec@lhsize{\box\z@\hfil\box\@ne}}
+
+\def\balancing@rror {%
+  \errhelp={Please change the page into one that works.}%
+  \errmessage{Page can't be balanced.}%
+  \def\line{\hbox to\onec@lhsize}%
+  \def\pagebody{\vbox{\unvbox\@cclv}}%
+  \ytexoutput}
+
+% complete double columns
+\newif\iffirstc@l
+\newbox\firstc@l
+\newbox\secondc@l
+
+\def\setupdoublecolumn {%
+  \trimpagesfalse
+  \def\pageeject{%
+    \filpage\iffirstc@l \else \line{}\filpage \fi}%
+  \baselinefactor={1.2}\setnormalbaselines
+  \spaceskip=.3333em plus .3333em minus .1666em
+  \xspaceskip=.3333em plus .6666em minus .0833em
+  \advance\parskip by 0pt plus 2pt
+  \setupdoublecolumnhook}
+\def\setupdoublecolumnhook {}
+
+\def\begindoublecolumn {%
+  \begingroup
+  \onec@lhsize=\hsize
+  \output={\box\@cclv=\voidb@x}%
+  \eject
+  \output={\doublec@lout}%
+  \global\firstc@ltrue
+  \hsize=.5\hsize \advance\hsize by-.5\columnskip
+  \setupdoublecolumn}
+
+\def\enddoublecolumn {%
+  \pageeject
+  \endgroup
+  \pagegoal=\vsize}
+
+\def\doublecolumn #1{\begindoublecolumn #1\enddoublecolumn}
+
+\def\doublec@lout {%
+  \iffirstc@l
+    \def\line{\hbox to\onec@lhsize}%
+    \global\setbox\firstc@l=\pagebody
+    \def\next{\global\firstc@lfalse}
+  \else
+    \def\line{\hbox to\onec@lhsize}%
+    \global\setbox\secondc@l=\pagebody
+    \wd\firstc@l=\hsize
+    \wd\secondc@l=\hsize
+    \def\pagecontents{\vbox{\line{\box\firstc@l\hfil\box\secondc@l}}}%
+    \def\next{\ytexoutput\global\firstc@ltrue}%
+  \fi
+  \next}
+
+\message{indexes,}
+
+\gdef\beginindex {%
+  \beginpgroup
+  \def\entry##1{%
+    \hangindent=2\parindent
+    \hangafter=\@ne
+    \noindent ##1\par}
+  \def\subentry##1{%
+    \hangindent=2\parindent
+    \hangafter=\@ne
+    \indent ##1\par}
+  \raggedright
+  \exhyphenpenalty=\@M
+  \tolerance=\@M
+  \interlinepenalty=\@M
+  \begintwocolumntext}
+
+\gdef\endindex {%
+  \endtwocolumntext
+  \endpgroup}
+
+\message {citations,}
+
+\def\writec@te {\write\m@ne}
+
+\def\setciteaux #1{%
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \edef\writec@te{\expandafter\noexpand\csname write\next \endcsname}}
+
+\def\c@te #1{%
+  \expandafter\ifx \csname @cd-#1\endcsname \relax
+    \expandafter\let\csname @cd-#1\endcsname=\cite%
+    \writec@te{\string\citation{#1}}%
+  \fi
+  \expandafter\ifx \csname @cr-#1\endcsname \relax
+    \expandafter\def\csname @cr-#1\endcsname{??}%
+    \ywarning{{Citation #1 undefined}}%
+  \fi}
+
+\def\cite #1{%
+  \c@te{#1}%
+  \csname @cr-#1\endcsname}
+
+\def\explicitcite #1#2{%
+  \c@te{#1}%
+  #2}
+\let\ecite=\explicitcite
+
+\def\citation #1{\relax}
+
+\def\bibcite #1#2{%
+  \expandafter\def\csname @cr-#1\endcsname{#2}}
+
+\def\setbibstyle #1{%
+  \toks@={#1}%
+  \immediate\writec@te{\string\bibstyle{\the\toks@}}}
+
+\def\bibstyle #1{\relax}
+
+\newcount\bibcount
+\newskip\bibparskip
+\newtoks\biblabelfont
+\newtoks\bibsetup
+\newif\ifbibopenform
+  
+\def\setupbibliography #1{
+  \bibcount=\z@
+  \setbox\z@=\hbox{\the\biblabelfont [#1]\enspace}\parindent=\wd\z@
+  \ifbibopenform \let\newblock=\linebreak \else \let\newblock=\relax \fi
+  \setupbibliographyhook}%
+
+\def\setupbibliographyhook {}
+
+\def\bibpar #1{\ftpar{\the\biblabelfont [#1]}}
+
+\def\bibitem {\futurelet\next\bib@tem}
+\def\bib@tem {%
+  \if[\noexpand\next
+    \let\next=\bibit@m
+  \else
+    \let\next\b@bitem
+  \fi
+  \next}
+\def\bibit@m [#1]#2{%
+  \toks@={#1}%
+  \immediate\writec@te{\string\bibcite{#2}{\the\toks@}}%
+  \bibpar{#1}}
+\def\b@bitem #1{%
+  \advance\bibcount\@ne
+  \edef\next{\number\bibcount}
+  \immediate\writec@te{\string\bibcite{#1}{\next}}%
+  \bibpar{\number\bibcount}}
+
+\def\bibliography #1{%
+  \toks@={#1}%
+  \immediate\writec@te{\string\bibdata{\the\toks@}}%
+  \begingroup                           % for latex-like defs
+    \def\begin##1##2{\begingroup \setupbibliography{##2}}%
+    \def\end##1{\par\endgroup}%
+    \@input{\jobname.bbl}{\ywarning{{No file \jobname.bbl}}}%
+  \endgroup}
+
+\def\explicitbibliography #1#2{%
+  \toks@={#1}%
+  \writec@te{\string\bibdata{\the\toks@}}
+  \@input{#2.bbl}{\ywarning{{No file #2.bbl}}}}
+\let\ebibligraphy=\explicitbibliography
+
+\def\bibdata #1{\relax}
+
+\message {labels,}
+
+\def\writel@bel {\write\m@ne}
+
+\def\setlabelaux #1{%
+  \stripn@me{}#1%
+  \edef\writel@bel{\expandafter\noexpand\csname write\next \endcsname}}
+
+\def\reference #1{%
+  \expandafter\ifx \csname @lr-#1\endcsname \relax
+    \expandafter\def\csname @lr-#1\endcsname{??}%
+    \ywarning{{Reference #1 undefined}}%
+  \else
+    \csname @lr-#1\endcsname
+  \fi}
+
+\def\pagereference #1{%
+  \expandafter\ifx \csname @lrp-#1\endcsname \relax
+    \expandafter\def\csname @lrp-#1\endcsname{??}%
+    \ywarning{{Page reference #1 undefined}}%
+  \else
+    \csname @lrp-#1\endcsname
+  \fi}
+
+\def\label #1#2{%
+  \edef\next{#2}%
+  \expandafter\ifx \csname @lr-#1\endcsname \relax
+    \ywarning{{Label #1 defined as \next}}%
+  \fi
+  \expandafter\let\csname @lr-#1\endcsname=\next
+  \writel@bel{\string\deflabel{#1}{\csname @lr-#1\endcsname}{\the\pageno}}}
+
+\def\deflabel #1#2#3{%
+  \expandafter\def\csname @lr-#1\endcsname{#2}%
+  \expandafter\def\csname @lrp-#1\endcsname{#3}}
+
+\message{initialization,}
+
+% output routine
+\output={\fixsiz@ \ytexoutput}
+
+% page layout
+\hsize=28pc \vsize=44pc
+\onheaders
+\offfooters
+\twosidedfalse
+\showcopyrightfalse
+\columnskip=2pc
+
+% displays
+\abovedisplayskip=3pt plus1pt minus2pt
+\belowdisplayskip=3pt plus1pt minus2pt
+\abovedisplayshortskip=0pt plus1pt
+\belowdisplayshortskip=2pt plus1pt minus1pt
+
+% footnotes
+\footnotemarkerwidth=10pt
+\botsep={\vskip\bigskipamount \footnoterule}
+
+% figures
+\figurelinefalse
+\figurelinedrop=4pt
+\topsep={}
+\floatingfigures
+\abovecaptionskip=\medskipamount
+\captionindent=2em
+
+% tables
+\tablewidth=0pt
+\intabskip=\emskip
+\pretabskip=\filskip
+\posttabskip=\filskip
+
+% miscellany
+\abstractindent=0pt
+\centerheadingsfalse
+
+% citations and labels
+\newaux\aux
+  \filename \perjob
+  \extension aux%
+  \endnew
+\setciteaux\aux
+\setlabelaux\aux
+\bibsetup={}
+\biblabelfont={}
+\bibopenformfalse
+
+% fonts
+\runnerfont={\smlsize\rm}
+\footnotefont={\smlsize\rm}
+\captionfont={\smlsize\rm}
+\quotefont={\smlsize\rm}
+\titlefont={\bigsize\bf}
+\authorfont={\regsize\rm}
+\abstractfont={\smlsize\rm}
+\bottomtextfont={\smllsize\rm}
+\chapterfont={\bigsize\bf}
+\sectionfont={\regsize\bf}
+\headingfont={\regsize\bf}
+\lispfont={\regsize\tt}
+
+% running text
+\vpartrue
+\overfullrule=0pt
+\parindent=2em
+\partagsep=.5em
+\parskip=1pt plus2pt minus1pt
+\normallineskip=2pt
+\normallineskiplimit=0pt
+\def\singlespace {\baselinefactor={1.3}\setnormalbaselines}
+\def\doublespace {\baselinefactor={2.6}\setnormalbaselines}
+\singlespace
+\clubpenalty=900
+\widowpenalty=900
+