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+% \iffalse
+% ====================================================================
+%  @LaTeX-style-file{
+%     filename        = "index.dtx",
+%     version         = "4.02beta",
+%     date            = "20 January 2004",
+%     time            = "21:15:11 EST",
+%     author          = "David M. Jones",
+%     address         = "MIT Laboratory for Computer Science
+%                        Room NE43-316
+%                        545 Technology Square
+%                        Cambridge, MA 02139
+%                        USA",
+%     telephone       = "(617) 253-5936",
+%     FAX             = "(617) 253-3480",
+%     checksum        = "39539 1398 6018 50774",
+%     email           = "dmjones@theory.lcs.mit.edu",
+%     codetable       = "ISO/ASCII",
+%     keywords        = "LaTeX, index",
+%     supported       = "yes",
+%     docstring       = "This is a reimplementation of LaTeX's
+%                        indexing macros to provide better support
+%                        for indexing in LaTeX.  For example, it
+%                        supports multiple indexes in a single
+%                        document and provides a more robust \index
+%                        command.
+%
+%                        The checksum field above contains a CRC-16
+%                        checksum as the first value, followed by
+%                        the equivalent of the standard UNIX wc
+%                        (word count) utility output of lines,
+%                        words, and characters.  This is produced
+%                        by Robert Solovay's checksum utility.",
+%
+%  }
+% ====================================================================
+%
+% This file may be distributed and/or modified under the
+% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.2
+% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
+% The latest version of this license is in
+%    http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
+% and version 1.2 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
+% version 1999/12/01 or later.
+%
+%    CAUTION: Use only as directed.  Do not take internally.  May cause
+%    rash if applied directly to skin.  Federal law prohibits distributing
+%    without a proscription.
+%
+% \fi
+%
+%% \CheckSum{755}
+%% \CharacterTable
+%%  {Upper-case    \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%%   Lower-case    \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%%   Digits        \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%%   Exclamation   \!     Double quote  \"     Hash (number) \#
+%%   Dollar        \$     Percent       \%     Ampersand     \&
+%%   Acute accent  \'     Left paren    \(     Right paren   \)
+%%   Asterisk      \*     Plus          \+     Comma         \,
+%%   Minus         \-     Point         \.     Solidus       \/
+%%   Colon         \:     Semicolon     \;     Less than     \<
+%%   Equals        \=     Greater than  \>     Question mark \?
+%%   Commercial at \@     Left bracket  \[     Backslash     \\
+%%   Right bracket \]     Circumflex    \^     Underscore    \_
+%%   Grave accent  \`     Left brace    \{     Vertical bar  \|
+%%   Right brace   \}     Tilde         \~}
+%
+%    \iffalse
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+%<*driver>
+\ProvidesFile{index.dtx}[1995/09/28 v4.1beta Improved index support (dmj)]
+%</driver>
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+%<*driver>
+\documentclass{ltxdoc}
+\def\docdate {7 March 1994}
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    We don't want everything to appear in the index
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\DoNotIndex{\!,\/,\?,\@,\^,\_}
+\DoNotIndex{\@@par,\@M,\@auxout,\@bsphack,\@esphack,\@depth,\@ehc}
+\DoNotIndex{\@for,\@flushglue,\@gobble,\@gobbletwo,\@height,\@idxitem}
+\DoNotIndex{\@ifnextchar,\@ifstar,\@ifundefined,\@input,\@latexerr}
+\DoNotIndex{\@makeschapterhead,\@namedef,\@nameuse,\@nil}
+\DoNotIndex{\@nobreakfalse,\@restonecolfalse,\@restonecoltrue}
+\DoNotIndex{\@tempa,\@tempf,\@temptokena,\@themark,\@width}
+\DoNotIndex{\active,\aindex,\baselineskip,\begin,\begingroup,\box}
+\DoNotIndex{\c@page,\catcode,\chapter,\char,\chardef,\closeout}
+\DoNotIndex{\CodelineIndex,\sp,\sb,\label,\leavevmode,\mark}
+\DoNotIndex{\mark,\newinsert,\newwrite,\newtoks,\xdef}
+\DoNotIndex{\columnsep,\columnseprule,\columnwidth,\csname,\def}
+\DoNotIndex{\dimen,\do,\DocInput,\documentstyle,\edef,\em}
+\DoNotIndex{\EnableCrossrefs,\end,\endcsname,\endgroup,\endinput}
+\DoNotIndex{\everypar,\expandafter,\filedate,\fileversion}
+\DoNotIndex{\footnotesize,\gdef,\global,\glossary,\hangindent}
+\DoNotIndex{\if@filesw,\else,\fi}
+\DoNotIndex{\if@nobreak,\if@twocolumn,\if@twoside,\fi,\fi,\fi}
+\DoNotIndex{\hsize,\hskip}
+\DoNotIndex{\ifhmode,\ifmmode,\ifodd,\ifvmode,\ifx,\fi,\fi,\fi,\fi,\fi}
+\DoNotIndex{\immediate,\insert,\item,\jobname,\long}
+\DoNotIndex{\let,\lineskip,\marginparsep,\marginparwidth,\maxdimen}
+\DoNotIndex{\makeatletter,\noexpand,\openout,\protect,\rlap}
+\DoNotIndex{\min,\newpage,\nobreak,\normalbaselineskip}
+\DoNotIndex{\normallineskip,\p@,\par,\parfillskip,\parindent,\parskip}
+\DoNotIndex{\penalty,\relax,\section,\sin,\sloppy,\space,\string}
+\DoNotIndex{\tableofcontents,\the,\thepage,\thispagestyle,\toks,\tt}
+\DoNotIndex{\twocolumn,\uppercase,\vbox,\vrule,\vskip,\vss}
+\DoNotIndex{\write,\z@,\z@skip}
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%  Some useful macros and parameter settings:
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+
+\setcounter{StandardModuleDepth}{1}
+
+\GetFileInfo{index.dtx}
+
+\newcommand*{\email}[1]{$\langle$\texttt{#1}$\rangle$}
+\newcommand*{\vdate}[1]{$\langle$#1$\rangle$}
+\newcommand*{\bundle}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
+\newcommand*{\program}[1]{\textsf{#1}}
+\newcommand*{\Ltag}[1]{\texttt{\bslash#1}}
+\newcommand*{\Lopt}[1]{\textsf {#1}}
+\newcommand*{\Lenv}[1]{\texttt {#1}}
+\newcommand*{\cls}[1]{\texttt {#1}}
+\newcommand*{\pck}[1]{\texttt {#1}}
+\newcommand*{\file}[1]{\texttt {#1}}
+\CodelineIndex
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    And the document itself:
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\begin{document}
+\DocInput{index.dtx}
+\PrintIndex
+% ^^A\PrintChanges
+\end{document}
+%</driver>
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%
+%    \fi
+%
+%    \title{A new implementation of \LaTeX's indexing
+%        commands\thanks{This file has version number \fileversion,
+%        last revised \filedate, documentation dated \docdate.  The
+%        definitive version of this file is at
+%        \file{ftp://theory.lcs.mit.edu/pub/tex/index/}.}}
+%
+%    \author{David M. Jones}
+%
+%    \date{\filedate}
+%
+%    \maketitle
+%
+%    \section{Introduction}
+%
+%    This style file reimplements \LaTeX's indexing macros to provide
+%    better and more robust support for indexes.  In particular, it
+%    provides the following features:\footnote{Earlier versions of
+%    this package provided a ``shortindexing'' feature (see below for
+%    description).  This feature is now deprecated and will be removed
+%    in a future release of this package.}
+%    \begin{enumerate}
+%
+%    \item
+%    Support for multiple indexes.
+%
+%    \item
+%    Indexing of items by counters other than the page number.
+%
+%    \item
+%    A $*$-variant of the \cs{index} command that, in addition to
+%    putting it's argument in the index, also typesets it in the
+%    running text.
+%
+%    \item
+%    The \bundle{showidx} style option has been merged into this file.
+%    The command \cs{proofmodetrue} can be used to enable the printing
+%    of index entries in the margin of pages.  The size and style of
+%    font can be controlled with the \cs{indexproofstyle} command.
+%
+%    \item
+%    A two-stage process, similar to that used to create tables of
+%    contents, for creating the raw index files.  This means that when
+%    processing a portion of a document using the \cs{includeonly}
+%    command, the index entries from the rest of the document are not
+%    lost.
+%
+%    \item
+%    A more robust \cs{index} command.  In particular, it no longer
+%    depends on \cs{catcode} changes to work properly, so the new
+%    \cs{index} command can be used in places that the original
+%    couldn't, such as inside the arguments of other macros.
+%
+%    \end{enumerate}
+%
+%
+%    \section{Creating an index with \LaTeX}
+%
+%    Conceptually, there are four stages to creating an index.  First,
+%    \LaTeX\ must be informed of your intention to include an index in
+%    your document.  Second, you must add appropriate markup commands
+%    to your document to tell \LaTeX\ what to put in the index.
+%    Third, after \LaTeX\ has been run on your document, the raw index
+%    information must be processed and turned into a form that \LaTeX\
+%    can process to typeset the index.  Finally, the finished index
+%    must be inserted at the appropriate point in your document.
+%
+%    In \LaTeX, these steps are accomplished with the commands
+%    \cs{makeindex}, \cs{index}, \cs{printindex}, and (typically) with
+%    the auxiliary program \program{MakeIndex}.  For example, assuming
+%    that your main file is called \file{foo.tex}, \cs{makeindex}
+%    opens the file \file{foo.idx} and initializes it for holding the
+%    raw index entries, and \cs{index} is used to add raw index
+%    entries into \file{foo.idx}.  Then the raw index file is
+%    processed by \program{MakeIndex}, which puts the finished index
+%    in \file{foo.ind}.  Finally, the \cs{printindex} command is used
+%    in your \LaTeX\ document to indicate where the file
+%    \file{foo.idx} should be inserted, i.e., where the index should
+%    appear in your document.
+%
+%    The \bundle{index} package modifies the \cs{makeindex},
+%    \cs{index}, and \cs{printindex} commands, as described below.
+%
+%
+%    \section{The user interface}
+%
+%    There are four pieces of information associated with each index:
+%    \begin{enumerate}
+%
+%    \item
+%    A short, unique tag that identifies the index.
+%
+%    \item
+%    The extension of the output file where the raw index information
+%    will be put by \LaTeX.
+%
+%    \item
+%    The extension of the input file where the processed information
+%    created by \program{MakeIndex} will be stored to be read in later
+%    by \LaTeX.
+%
+%    \item
+%    The title of the index.
+%
+%    \end{enumerate}
+%
+%    \DescribeMacro{\newindex}
+%    Correspondingly, the \cs{newindex} command has four required
+%    arguments.  For example, to declare an author index, you might
+%    use the following:
+%    \begin{verbatim}
+%    \newindex{aut}{adx}{and}{Name Index}\end{verbatim}
+%    Here, \texttt{aut} is the tag used to identify the author index,
+%    and ``Name Index'' is the title of the index.  If the name of
+%    your main file is \file{root.tex}, then \LaTeX\ will write the
+%    raw index entries to the file \file{root.adx}, and you will
+%    execute the following \program{MakeIndex} command to process the
+%    author index:
+%    \begin{verbatim}
+%    makeindex -o root.and root.adx\end{verbatim}
+%
+%    By default, the \cs{index} tags its argument with the page number
+%    (i.e., the value of \cs{thepage}), but occasionaly you may want
+%    to index items according to a different counter.  For example,
+%    you may want an index that contains figure numbers instead of
+%    page numbers.  To accomodate, this, the \cs{newindex} command
+%    takes an optional argument, which is the name of the command that
+%    generates the number that should be included in the index.  For
+%    instance, to include the number of a figure, you might say
+%    \begin{verbatim}
+%    \newindex[thefigure]{fig}{fdx}{fnd}{Figures}\end{verbatim}
+%
+%    However, this introduces a new technicality: When creating an
+%    index with page numbers, the choice of which page number is to be
+%    written to the \texttt{aux} file should be deferred until the
+%    page containing the entry is shipped out to the \texttt{dvi}
+%    file, otherwise the wrong number will sometimes be chosen.
+%    However, when using counters other than the page counter, one
+%    normally wants the opposite behaviour: the number written to the
+%    \texttt{aux} file should be chosen immediately, otherwise every
+%    item on a given page will be tagged with the number of the last
+%    item on that page.  So, when a counter is specified using the
+%    optional argument of \cs{newindex}, it is assumed that the
+%    counter should be evaluated immediately.  If for some reason you
+%    need the choice to be deferred until the page is written to the
+%    \texttt{dvi} file, you can force this behaviour by putting a $*$
+%    {\em after\/} the optional argument:
+%    \begin{verbatim}
+%    \newindex[thefigure]*{fig}{fdx}{fnd}{Figures}\end{verbatim}
+%    (One consequence of this scheme is that if, for some reason, you
+%    need the choice of page number to be made immediately instead of
+%    being deferred until a page is shipped out to the \texttt{dvi}
+%    file, you can acomplish this by beginning your index declaration
+%    with
+%    \begin{verbatim}
+%    \newindex[thepage]*\end{verbatim}
+%
+%
+%    \DescribeMacro{\renewindex}
+%    The \cs{renewindex} command takes the same arguments as the
+%    \cs{newindex} command and can be used to redefine indexes that
+%    have been previously declared.
+%
+%
+%    \DescribeMacro{\makeindex}
+%    For backwards compatibility, the \cs{makeindex} command is
+%    redefined to use \cs{newindex}.  It is essentially equivalent to
+%    \begin{verbatim}
+%    \newindex{default}{idx}{ind}{Index}\end{verbatim}
+%    The index labeled \texttt{default} is special: it is the one that
+%    will be used by \cs{index} and \cs{printindex} unless another
+%    index is specified (see below).
+%
+%
+%    \DescribeMacro{\printindex}
+%    The \cs{printindex} command is modified by the addition of an
+%    optional argument, which is the tag of the index that should be
+%    printed.
+%
+%
+%    \DescribeMacro{\index}
+%    The \cs{index} command is modified in two ways.  First, there is
+%    a $*$-variant of the command that, in addition to putting its
+%    argument into an index, also typesets it on the page.  Second,
+%    \cs{index} now takes an optional argument to indicate which index
+%    the new entry should be added to.  If given, the optional
+%    argument should be the identifying tag of a previously-defined
+%    index.  If no such tag is supplied, the \texttt{default} index
+%    (such as that opened by \cs{makeindex} above) is used.
+%
+%
+%    \DescribeMacro{\shortindexingon}
+%    \DescribeMacro{\shortindexingoff}
+%    Perhaps the most dubious feature of \bundle{index.sty} is that it
+%    allows you to define the characters |^| and |_| to be
+%    abbreviations for \cs{index*} and \cs{index} outside of math
+%    mode.  These abbreviations are enabled by the
+%    \cs{shortindexingon} command and disabled by the
+%    \cs{shortindexingoff} command.  The scope of both of these latter
+%    commands is local to the current group.  (This might be useful,
+%    for example, if you wanted the abbreviations turned on throughout
+%    most of the documentation, but turned off in one particular
+%    environment.)  In addition,
+%    \DescribeEnv{shortindexingon}\Lenv{shortindexingon} can be used
+%    as an environment if that seems appropriate.  \textbf{Warning:
+%    This feature is deprecated and will disappear in a future release
+%    of this package.}
+%
+%
+%    \DescribeMacro{\proofmodetrue}
+%    \DescribeMacro{\proofmodefalse}
+%    \DescribeMacro{\indexproofstyle}
+%    As mentioned above, the \bundle{showidx} document-style option
+%    has been merged into \bundle{index.sty}.  It can be turned on
+%    with \cs{proofmodetrue} and turned off with \cs{proofmodefalse}.
+%    When it is turned on, all index entries\footnote{Well, most, at
+%    least.  There are some circumstances under which the index
+%    entries won't show up in the proofs, although they will show up
+%    in the index.} will be put in the margin of the page where they
+%    appear.  By default, they appear in the typewriter font at
+%    \cs{footnotesize}, but the user can override this with the
+%    \cs{indexproofstyle} command; for example,
+%    \begin{verbatim}
+%    \indexproofstyle{\footnotesize\it}\end{verbatim}
+%    will cause them to be put in italics instead.
+%
+%
+%    \DescribeMacro{\disableindex}
+%    There are some circumstances where it might be helpful to
+%    suppress the writing of a particular index.  The
+%    \cs{disableindex} command is provided for this purpose.  It takes
+%    one argument, a comma-separated list of tags of the indexes that
+%    should be disabled.  This command should come {\em before\/} the
+%    declarations for the indexes that are being
+%    disabled\footnote{This limits its usefulness somewhat, but since
+%    the output file for an index is opened when the index is
+%    declared, the damage has already been done.  We could close the
+%    file, but we can't prevent a new output stream from being
+%    allocated and we can't keep the old file from being truncated.}.
+%    One situation where the \cs{disableindex} command might be useful
+%    is if there are so many indexes that you are exhausting \TeX's
+%    supply of output streams\footnote{\TeX\ only has 16 output
+%    streams, which are allocated with the {\tt\string\newwrite}
+%    command.  The standard \LaTeX\ styles use from 3 to 7 of these,
+%    which should leave room for up to 9 indexes.  Of course, if you
+%    have extra output files, then there will be fewer output streams
+%    left for indexes.}.  For example, suppose you have 10 indexes,
+%    but only 5 output streams available for indexes.  Then you could
+%    add a \cs{disableindex} command to the top of your file to
+%    suppress the writing of all but 5 of the indexes.  (Note that the
+%    index entries would still get written to the \texttt{aux} file;
+%    they just wouldn't get copied to the individual raw index files
+%    at the end of the run.)  At the end of the run, you could then
+%    re-run your main file a couple of times with different indexes
+%    disabled until you had created all of the raw index files.  This
+%    is somewhat clumsy, but safer than any alternative I've come up
+%    with\footnote{A less clumsy (for the user, at least) solution
+%    would be to read the \texttt{aux} file multiple times at the end
+%    of the run, each time writing just one of the raw index files.
+%    The main disadvantage of this scheme at present is that it would
+%    require a modification of {\tt\string\enddocument}.}.
+%
+%
+%    \section{Caveats}
+%
+%    In order to implement this style file, it's been necessary to
+%    modify a number of \LaTeX\ commands seemingly unrelated to
+%    indexing, namely, \cs{@starttoc}, \cs{raggedbottom},
+%    \cs{flushbottom}, \cs{addcontents}, \cs{markboth}, and
+%    \cs{markright}.  Naturally, this could cause incompatibilities
+%    between \bundle{index.sty} and any style files that either
+%    redefine these same commands or make specific assumptions about
+%    how they operate.  See Section~\ref{sec:thecode} for explanations
+%    of why these various commands needed modification.
+%
+%    The redefinition of \cs{@starttoc} is particularly bad, since it
+%    introduces an incompatibility with the AMS document classes.
+%    This will be addressed soon.
+%
+%    Unfortunately, it's also been necessary to modify the
+%    \Lenv{theindex} environment, so if you don't like the default
+%    \LaTeX\ definition, you'll need copy the definition of
+%    \Lenv{theindex} from this file and modify it appropriately.
+%
+%    In the current implementation, \bundle{index.sty} uses one output
+%    stream for each index.  Since there are a limited number of
+%    output indexes, this means that there is a limit on the number of
+%    indexes you can have in a document.  See the description of
+%    \cs{disableindex} for a fuller discussion of this problem and one
+%    way around it.
+%
+%
+%    \section{To do's}
+%
+%    It might be nice if the \cs{index*} command parsed its argument
+%    so that, for example, instead of writing
+%    `|\index{sin@$\sin$}$\sin$|', one could write
+%    `|index*{sin@$\sin$}|'.  However, this is fraught with numerous
+%    dangers, and I'm both too lazy and too cowardly to undertake it
+%    now.
+%
+%    It would be reasonable to add support for \cs{makeglossary} and
+%    similar things, if they were well-defined enough to decide what
+%    the general syntax for defining them should be.
+%
+%    The documentation should be carefully read, edited, and finished,
+%    especially since it's still based on the 2.09 version, even
+%    though a few substantial changes have been made for the \LaTeXe\
+%    version.
+%
+%    For some truly outlandish ideas, see the file \file{TODO} in the
+%    distribution.
+%
+%    \StopEventually{}
+%
+%    \section{The code}
+%    \label{sec:thecode}
+%
+%    As is customary, identify this as a \LaTeXe\ package.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+%<*style>
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/06/01]
+
+\ProvidesPackage{index}[2004/01/20 v4.2beta Improved index support (dmj)]
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\disableindex}
+%    The \cs{disableindex} should come before the declarations of the
+%    indexes it refers to.  (Question: If an index has been disabled,
+%    should it show up in index proofs?  Maybe there should be a
+%    separate command to disable index proofs on and index-by-index
+%    basis.)
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\def\disableindex#1{%
+    \@for\@tempa:=#1\do{%
+        \@namedef{disable@\@tempa}{}%
+        \@ifundefined{tf@\@tempa}{}{%
+            \PackageWarningNoLine{index}{It's too late to disable
+                the `\@tempa' index;\MessageBreak
+                \jobname.\@tempa\space has already
+                been opened for output. You \MessageBreak
+                should put the \string\disableindex\space command
+                before\MessageBreak
+                the declaration of the `\@tempa' index}%
+        }%
+    }%
+}
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\if@newindex}
+%    \begin{macro}{\newindex}
+%    \begin{macro}{\renewindex}
+%    The \cs{newindex} and \cs{renewindex} commands are defined on
+%    analogy with the \cs{[re]newcommand} macros.  Each index is
+%    identified by a unique tag, which is specified in the first
+%    required argument of \cs{newindex}.  Much of the information
+%    about the index labeled \meta{tag} is kept in the macro
+%    \cs{idx@}\meta{tag}, so we can check to see if a particular index
+%    has already been defined by checking whether \cs{idx@}\meta{tag}
+%    is defined.  \cs{newindex} and \cs{renewindex} both check to see
+%    if their first argument is already associated with an index and
+%    then either issue an appropriate error message or call
+%    \cs{def@index}.
+%
+%    The \cs{if@newindex} flag will be used to keep \cs{renewindex}
+%    from re-allocating \cs{write} and \cs{toks} registers later.  The
+%    \cs{if@tempswa} switch will be used to determine whether the
+%    \cs{write}s for this index should be done \cs{immediate}ly or
+%    not.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\if@newindex
+
+\def\newindex{%
+    \@tempswafalse
+    \@ifnextchar[{\@tempswatrue\x@newindex}{\x@newindex[thepage]}%
+}
+
+\def\x@newindex[#1]{%
+    \@ifstar {\@tempswafalse\y@newindex{#1}}
+             {\y@newindex{#1}}%
+}
+
+\def\y@newindex#1#2{%
+    \@ifundefined{idx@#2}%
+        {\@newindextrue\def@index{#1}{#2}}%
+        {%
+            \@latexerr{Index type `\string#2' already defined}\@ehc
+            \expandafter\@gobble\@gobbletwo
+        }%
+}
+
+\def\renewindex{%
+    \@tempswafalse
+    \@ifnextchar[{\@tempswatrue\x@renewindex}{\x@renewindex[thepage]}%
+}
+
+\def\x@renewindex[#1]{%
+    \@ifstar {\@tempswafalse\y@renewindex{#1}}
+             {\y@renewindex{#1}}%
+}
+
+\def\y@renewindex#1#2{%
+    \@ifundefined{idx@#2}%
+        {%
+            \@newindextrue
+            \@latexerr{Index type `\string#2' not defined}\@ehc
+        }%
+        {\@newindexfalse}%
+    \def@index{#1}{#2}%
+}
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\@preamblecmds}
+%    Neither \cs{newindex}, \cs{renewindex}, nor \cs{disableindex}
+%    should be used anywhere except inside style files or in the
+%    preamble of a document, so we add them to the \cs{@preamblecmds}
+%    list.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\@onlypreamble\newindex
+\@onlypreamble\renewindex
+\@onlypreamble\disableindex
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\def@index}
+%    \cs{def@index} does most of the work.  First, it picks up the
+%    first three arguments of the \cs{[re]newindex} command and stores
+%    the second two in an appropriate \cs{idx@} macro.  The title of
+%    the index is treated differently, however, since it is
+%    potentially fragile in a particularly odd way.  To prevent
+%    mishaps, it is stored in a token register.  In addition to
+%    stashing away the information about the index, \cs{def@index}
+%    also opens an appropriate output file if we are writing auxiliary
+%    files (i.e., unless \cs{nofiles} is in effect).
+%
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\def\def@index#1#2#3#4{%
+    \@namedef{idx@#2}{#3:#4:#1}%
+    \expandafter\let\csname if@immediate@#2\endcsname\if@tempswa
+    \if@filesw
+        \if@newindex
+            \expandafter\newtoks\csname idxtitle@#2\endcsname
+        \fi
+        \@ifundefined{disable@#2}{%
+            \if@newindex
+                \expandafter\newwrite\csname tf@#2\endcsname
+            \else
+                \immediate\closeout\@nameuse{tf@#2}%
+            \fi
+            \immediate\openout\@nameuse{tf@#2}\jobname.#3 %
+            \PackageInfo{index}{Writing index file \jobname.#3}%
+        }
+        {\PackageInfo{index}{Index `#2' disabled -- not opening
+                      \jobname.#3}}%
+    \fi
+    \expandafter\csname idxtitle@#2\endcsname
+}
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\@second}
+%    \begin{macro}{\@third}
+%    These are useful macros for retrieving the second and third field
+%    of an index specification.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\def\@second#1:#2:#3\@nil{#2}
+
+\def\@third#1:#2:#3\@nil{#3}
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\@nearverbatim}
+%    |\@nearverbatim\foo| is much like |\meaning\foo|,
+%    except that it suppresses the ``\texttt{macro ->}'' string
+%    produced when \cs{meaning} expands a macro.  It is used by
+%    \cs{@wrindex} to produce an ``almost verbatim'' copy of their
+%    arguments.  This method replaces the use of \cs{@sanitize} from
+%    latex.tex and allows indexing macros to be used in places (such
+%    as inside macro arguments) where the original \cs{index} command
+%    could not.  Thanks to Donald Arseneau
+%    \email{asnd@erich.triumf.ca} for pointing out this trick to me.
+%    (For more information on this trick, see Dirty Trick \#3 of the
+%    \TeX book, page 382).
+%
+%    As defined, \@nearverbatim only works on macros.  It would be
+%    nice if it could work with other tokens, but it's more important
+%    that it work only by expansion, which means we can't put in tests
+%    to see what the next token is.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\def\@nearverbatim{\expandafter\strip@prefix\meaning}
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    Now we define the \cs{index} macro itself.  The following
+%    definitions are adapted from \bundle{latex.tex} v2.09 \vdate{25
+%    March 1992}.
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\makeindex}
+%    First we redefine \cs{makeindex} to define the default index
+%    using \cs{newindex}.  We use \cs{edef} to make sure that
+%    \cs{indexname} gets expanded here.  Otherwise we'll get into an
+%    infinite loop later on when we try to redefine \cs{indexname}
+%    inside the \cs{theindex} environment.
+%
+%    Unfortunately, this means that if the user changes \cs{indexname}
+%    in the preamble, the index will come out with the wrong heading.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\edef\makeindex{%
+    \noexpand\newindex{default}{idx}{ind}{\indexname}%
+}
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\if@silentindex}
+%    \begin{macro}{\if@addtoindex}
+%    \begin{macro}{\if@proofmode}
+%    We need three new flags.  The first, \cs{if@silentindex},
+%    indicates whether the entry should be typeset in running text, as
+%    well as written out to the index; this is used to implement the
+%    \cs{index*} command.  The second, \cs{if@addtoindex}, indicates
+%    whether entries should be written to the index; this is used to
+%    disable the \cs{index} command inside of page headings and tables
+%    of contents.  The third, \cs{ifproofmode}, indicates whether
+%    index entries should be put in the margin of the page for
+%    proofing purposes.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\if@silentindex\@silentindextrue
+
+\newif\if@addtoindex\@addtoindextrue
+
+\newif\ifproofmode\proofmodefalse
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\index}
+%    \begin{macro}{\p@index}
+%    \begin{macro}{\x@index}
+%    \cs{index} will be made self-protecting (a la \cs{em}, etc.) so
+%    it can be used inside, for example, sectioning commands.
+%    Unfortunately, to really make \cs{index} robust, we have to
+%    redefine some of \LaTeX's commands for dealing with tables of
+%    contents and page headings.  (See below.) $*$sigh$*$
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\def\index{\protect\p@index}
+
+\def\p@index{%
+    \if@silentindex\@bsphack\fi
+    \@ifstar{\@silentindexfalse\@xindex}{\@silentindextrue\@xindex}%
+}
+
+\def\@xindex{\@ifnextchar[{\@index}{\@index[default]}}
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\@index}
+%    \begin{macro}{\@@index}
+%    \begin{macro}{\@wrindex}
+%    The following is much more complicated than it should have to be.
+%    First, note the check to see if \cs{index} is equal to
+%    \cs{@gobble}.  This is so I don't have to redefine
+%    \cs{@outputpage}, which temporarily disables \cs{label},
+%    \cs{index}, and \cs{glossary} by \cs{let}'ing them equal to
+%    \cs{@gobble}.  (For this reason, we have to be very careful to
+%    make sure that \cs{index} has expanded to \cs{p@index} before it
+%    gets to \cs{@outputpage}.)  Second, note that if
+%    \cs{if@addtoindex} is false, we don't complain about undefined
+%    index types.  This is because if your page headings, for example,
+%    are being typeset in all uppercase, you might end up with
+%    something like \cs{index[AUT]{...}} instead of
+%    \cs{index[aut]{...}}.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\def\@index[#1]{%
+    \ifx\index\@gobble
+        \@addtoindexfalse
+    \fi
+    \def\@tempf{%
+        \begingroup
+            \@sanitize
+            \@@index{#1}%
+    }%
+    \if@addtoindex
+        \@ifundefined{idx@#1}%
+            {%
+              \def\@tempf{%
+                  \@latexerr{Index type `\string#1' undefined}%
+                  \@ehc
+                  \@silentindextrue
+                  \@gobble
+              }%
+            }%
+            {}%
+    \fi
+    \@tempf
+}
+
+\def\@@index#1#2{%
+    \endgroup
+    \if@addtoindex
+        \if@filesw\@wrindex{#1}{#2}\fi
+        \ifproofmode\@showidx{#2}\fi
+    \fi
+    \if@silentindex
+        \expandafter\@esphack
+    \else
+        \@silentindextrue#2%
+    \fi
+}
+
+\def\@wrindex#1#2{%
+    \begingroup
+        \def\@tempa{#2}%
+        \edef\@tempb{\@nameuse{idx@#1}}%
+        \edef\@tempb{\expandafter\@third\@tempb\@nil}%
+        \csname if@immediate@#1\endcsname \else
+            \expandafter\let\csname\@tempb\endcsname\relax
+        \fi
+        \edef\@tempa{%
+           \write\@auxout{%
+              \string\@writefile{#1}{%
+                  \string\indexentry{\@nearverbatim\@tempa}%
+                                    {\@nameuse{\@tempb}}%
+              }%
+           }%
+        }%
+    \expandafter\endgroup\@tempa
+    \if@nobreak\ifvmode\nobreak\fi\fi
+}
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\seename}
+%    \begin{macro}{\see}
+%    \begin{macro}{\printindex}
+%    \begin{macro}{\@printindex}
+%    The following are adapted from \bundle{makeidx.sty}, v2.09
+%    \vdate{21 Oct 91}.  \cs{index@prologue} adapted from
+%    \bundle{doc.dtx}.  \Lenv{theindex} based on version from
+%    \bundle{classes.dtx}, v1.3g, 26 June 1995.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\providecommand{\seename}{see}
+
+\providecommand*{\see}[2]{\emph{\seename} #1}
+
+\@ifclassloaded{article}{%
+
+    \renewenvironment{theindex}{%
+        \edef\indexname{\the\@nameuse{idxtitle@\@indextype}}%
+        \if@twocolumn
+            \@restonecolfalse
+        \else
+            \@restonecoltrue
+        \fi
+        \columnseprule \z@
+        \columnsep 35\p@
+        \twocolumn[%
+            \section*{\indexname}%
+            \ifx\index@prologue\@empty\else
+                \index@prologue
+                \bigskip
+            \fi
+        ]%
+        \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\indexname}%
+                {\MakeUppercase\indexname}%
+        \thispagestyle{plain}%
+        \parindent\z@
+        \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+        \let\item\@idxitem
+    }{%
+        \if@restonecol
+            \onecolumn
+        \else
+            \clearpage
+        \fi
+    }
+}{%
+    \renewenvironment{theindex}{%
+        \edef\indexname{\the\@nameuse{idxtitle@\@indextype}}%
+        \if@twocolumn
+            \@restonecolfalse
+        \else
+            \@restonecoltrue
+        \fi
+        \columnseprule \z@
+        \columnsep 35\p@
+        \twocolumn[%
+            \@makeschapterhead{\indexname}%
+            \ifx\index@prologue\@empty\else
+                \index@prologue
+                \bigskip
+            \fi
+        ]%
+        \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\indexname}%
+                {\MakeUppercase\indexname}%
+        \thispagestyle{plain}%
+        \parindent\z@
+        \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+        \let\item\@idxitem
+    }{%
+        \if@restonecol
+            \onecolumn
+        \else
+            \clearpage
+        \fi
+    }
+}
+
+\def\printindex{\@ifnextchar[{\@printindex}{\@printindex[default]}}
+
+\def\@printindex[#1]{%
+    \@ifnextchar[{\@print@index[#1]}{\@print@index[#1][]}%
+}
+
+\long\def\@print@index[#1][#2]{%
+    \def\@indextype{#1}%
+    \long\def\index@prologue{#2}%
+    \@ifundefined{idx@#1}%
+        {\@latexerr{Index type `\string#1' undefined}\@ehc}%
+        {%
+            \edef\@tempa{\@nameuse{idx@#1}}%
+            \edef\@tempa{%
+                \noexpand\@input@{\jobname.\expandafter\@second\@tempa\@nil}%
+            }%
+            \@tempa
+        }%
+}
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\@indexstar@}
+%    Now we set things up for
+%    \cs{shortindexing}.\footnote{\textbf{Warning:} This feature is
+%    deprecated and will be removed entirely in a future release of
+%    this package.} First, we define a one-token shorthand for
+%    \cs{index*}.  This will be needed in the definition of
+%    \cs{idx@activehat}.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\def\@indexstar@{\index*}
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \begin{macro}{\idx@activehat}
+%    \begin{macro}{\idx@activebar}
+%    Next, we define the values that |^| and |_| will have when
+%    shortindexing is turned on.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\def\idx@activehat{%
+    \relax
+    \ifmmode\expandafter\sp\else\expandafter\@indexstar@\fi
+}
+
+\def\idx@activebar{%
+    \relax
+    \ifmmode\expandafter\sb\else\expandafter\index\fi
+}
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\shortindexingon}
+%    \begin{macro}{\shortindexingoff}
+%    Now we define the \cs{shortindexingon} and \cs{shortindexinoff}
+%    commands to turn shortindexing on and off (surprise!).
+%    \cs{shortindexingon} saves the old definitions and \cs{catcode}'s
+%    of |^| and |_| so they can later be restored by
+%    \cs{shortindexingoff}.  Both of these make their changes local to
+%    any enclosing group, so they can be used as declarations to
+%    disable or enable shortindexing temporarily.  In addition,
+%    \Lenv{shortindexingon} can also be used as an environment.
+%
+%    This is potentially very confusing.  My basic rationale (if it
+%    can be described as such) was that under normal circumstances,
+%    one would put \cs{shortindexingon} in the preamble of one's
+%    document, and never want to turn it off.  \cs{shortindexingoff}
+%    is an attempt to make allowance for the contingency that someone
+%    might want to turn shortindexing off, either permanently or
+%    temporarily.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\newif\if@shortindexing
+
+\begingroup
+
+    \catcode`\^\active
+    \catcode`\_\active
+
+    \gdef\shortindexingon{%
+        \@shortindexingtrue
+        \chardef\old@idxhatcode\catcode`\^\relax
+        \chardef\old@idxbarcode\catcode`\_\relax
+        \catcode`\^\active
+        \catcode`\_\active
+        \let\old@idxhat ^%
+        \let\old@idxbar _%
+        \let^\idx@activehat
+        \let_\idx@activebar
+    }
+
+    \gdef\shortindexingoff{%
+        \if@shortindexing
+            \@shortindexingfalse
+            \let^\old@idxhat
+            \let_\old@idxbar
+            \catcode`\^\old@idxhatcode
+            \catcode`\_\old@idxbarcode
+        \fi
+    }
+
+\endgroup
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    Now we take some code from \bundle{showidx.sty} and merge it into
+%    our new system.  There are four reasons for redefining the
+%    commands here rather than just inputting \bundle{showidx.sty} (or
+%    requiring the user to do so).  First, \bundle{showidx.sty} ends
+%    with a call to \cs{flushbottom}, which I want to avoid.  Second,
+%    the instructions for successfully using \bundle{showidx.sty}
+%    along with \bundle{index.sty} would be somewhat tricky.  This
+%    way, I can just tell users not to use \bundle{showidx.sty} at
+%    all.  Third, I need to make some alterations to \cs{@showidx}
+%    anyway.  In particular, (a) I need to add the \cs{@sanitizeat}
+%    command so this works correctly with AMS-\LaTeX\ and (b) I want
+%    to add the \cs{indexproofstyle} command so the user can customize
+%    the size and font used for the index proofs.  Finally,
+%    \bundle{showidx.sty} has at least two annoying bugs in it.  See
+%    the edit-history for version 2.01 for a description.
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\@indexbox}
+%    This code is adapted from \bundle{showidx.sty}, v2.09 \vdate{16
+%    Jun 1991}.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\newinsert\@indexbox
+
+\dimen\@indexbox\maxdimen
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\@sanitizeat}
+%    The definition of \cs{@sanitizeat} is slightly tricky, since we
+%    need |@| to be active when this macro is defined, but we also
+%    need it to be part of the control sequence name.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\begingroup
+    \catcode`\@\active
+    \expandafter\gdef\csname\string @sanitizeat\endcsname
+        {\def @{\char`\@}}
+\endgroup
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\indexproofstyle}
+%    \begin{macro}{\@showidx}
+%    \begin{macro}{\@leftidx}
+%    \begin{macro}{\@rightidx}
+%    \begin{macro}{\@mkidx}
+%    \begin{macro}{\raggedbottom}
+%    \begin{macro}{\flushbottom}
+%    \begin{macro}{\@texttop}
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\newtoks\indexproofstyle
+
+\indexproofstyle{\footnotesize\reset@font\ttfamily}
+
+\def\@showidx#1{%
+    \insert\@indexbox{%
+        \@sanitizeat
+        \the\indexproofstyle
+        \hsize\marginparwidth
+        \hangindent\marginparsep \parindent\z@
+        \everypar{}\let\par\@@par \parfillskip\@flushglue
+        \lineskip\normallineskip
+        \baselineskip .8\normalbaselineskip\sloppy
+        \raggedright \leavevmode
+        \vrule \@height .7\normalbaselineskip \@width \z@\relax#1\relax
+        \vrule \@height\z@ \@depth.3\normalbaselineskip \@width\z@\relax
+    }%
+    \ifhmode\penalty\@M \hskip\z@skip\fi
+}
+
+\def\@leftidx{\hskip-\marginparsep \hskip-\marginparwidth}
+
+\def\@rightidx{\hskip\columnwidth \hskip\marginparsep}
+
+\def\@mkidx{%
+    \vbox to \z@{%
+        \rlap{%
+            \if@twocolumn
+                \if@firstcolumn \@leftidx \else \@rightidx \fi
+            \else
+                \if@twoside
+                    \ifodd\c@page \@rightidx \else \@leftidx \fi
+                \else
+                    \@rightidx
+                \fi
+            \fi
+            \box\@indexbox
+        }%
+        \vss
+    }%
+}
+
+\def\raggedbottom{%
+    \def\@textbottom{\vskip\z@ plus.0001fil}%
+    \let\@texttop\@mkidx
+}
+
+\def\flushbottom{\let\@textbottom\relax \let\@texttop\@mkidx}
+
+\let\@texttop\@mkidx
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    Now, this next bit really gets up my nose.  The only way to make
+%    sure that the \cs{index} command gets handled correctly when used
+%    inside of sectioning commands is to redefine a bunch of \LaTeX's
+%    table of contents and running-heads macros. $*$blech$*$ Fragility
+%    rears its ugly head again.
+%
+%    These are based on \bundle{latex.tex} 2.09 \vdate{25 March 1992}.
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\addcontentsline}
+%    We need to redefine \cs{addcontentsline} to keep it from
+%    expanding \cs{index} commands too far.  In particular, we have
+%    removed \cs{index} from the list of macros that are set equal to
+%    \cs{@gobble} and we substitute \cs{@vwritefile} for
+%    \cs{@writefile}.  This latter change also means that we can
+%    simplify the definition of \cs{protect} somewhat.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\CheckCommand\addtocontents[2]{%
+  \protected@write\@auxout
+      {\let\label\@gobble \let\index\@gobble \let\glossary\@gobble}%
+      {\string\@writefile{#1}{#2}}%
+}
+
+\renewcommand{\addtocontents}[2]{%
+    \protected@write\@auxout
+      {\let\label\@gobble \let\glossary\@gobble}%
+      {\string\@writefile{#1}{#2}}%
+}
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\@starttoc}
+%    We need to redefine \cs{@starttoc} to \cs{@addtoindexfalse} so
+%    that items don't get written to the index from within tables of
+%    contents.  The only change here is the addition of
+%    \cs{@addtoindexfalse}.
+%
+%    Unfortunately, this will break pretty badly with the AMS document
+%    classes, since they redefine \cs{@starttoc} to take two arguments
+%    rather than one.  This must be addressed.
+%
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\let\old@starttoc\@starttoc
+
+\renewcommand{\@starttoc}[1]{%
+    \begingroup
+        \@addtoindexfalse
+        \old@starttoc{#1}%
+    \endgroup
+}
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \begin{macro}{\markboth}
+%    \begin{macro}{\markright}
+%    Finally, we have to redefine \cs{markboth} and \cs{markright} to
+%    keep them from disabling the expansion of \cs{index} while
+%    putting section heads into the \cs{mark}.  Otherwise, we'd end up
+%    with ``\cs{index}'' in the mark, which would cause problems when
+%    \cs{@outputpage} redefines \cs{index} to be equal to
+%    \cs{@gobble}.  Instead, we want \cs{index} to expand to
+%    \cs{p@index} in the \cs{mark}, so we retain control over what
+%    happens in \cs{@outputpage}.
+%
+%    This time, the only change is to remove \cs{index} from the list
+%    of macros that are \cs{let} equal to \cs{relax}.
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+\CheckCommand*{\markboth}[2]{%
+  \begingroup
+    \let\label\relax \let\index\relax \let\glossary\relax
+    \unrestored@protected@xdef\@themark {{#1}{#2}}%
+    \@temptokena \expandafter{\@themark}%
+    \mark{\the\@temptokena}%
+  \endgroup
+  \if@nobreak\ifvmode\nobreak\fi\fi}
+\CheckCommand*{\markright}[1]{%
+  \begingroup
+    \let\label\relax \let\index\relax \let\glossary\relax
+    \expandafter\@markright\@themark {#1}%
+    \@temptokena \expandafter{\@themark}%
+    \mark{\the\@temptokena}%
+  \endgroup
+  \if@nobreak\ifvmode\nobreak\fi\fi}
+
+\renewcommand{\markboth}[2]{%
+  \begingroup
+    \let\label\relax \let\glossary\relax
+    \unrestored@protected@xdef\@themark {{#1}{#2}}%
+    \@temptokena \expandafter{\@themark}%
+    \mark{\the\@temptokena}%
+  \endgroup
+  \if@nobreak\ifvmode\nobreak\fi\fi}
+
+\renewcommand{\markright}[1]{%
+  \begingroup
+    \let\label\relax \let\glossary\relax
+    \expandafter\@markright\@themark {#1}%
+    \@temptokena \expandafter{\@themark}%
+    \mark{\the\@temptokena}%
+  \endgroup
+  \if@nobreak\ifvmode\nobreak\fi\fi}
+%</style>
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%    \end{macro}
+%    \end{macro}
+%
+%    \section{Edit history}
+%
+%    \begin{description}
+%
+%    \item[v1.00 (4 Mar 1993)]
+%    initial version, posted to comp.text.tex.
+%
+%    \item[v1.01 (4 Mar 1993)]
+%    added \cs{renewindex} command and checking to make sure index is
+%    (or is not) defined in \cs{newindex}, \cs{index} and
+%    \cs{printindex}.  Also tightened up the code in various places
+%    and added check to make sure file is only loaded once.
+%
+%    \item[v2.00 (24 Mar 1993)]
+%    added support for \cs{index*}, proofmode, \cs{shortindexingon}
+%    and \cs{shortindexingoff}.
+%
+%    \item[v2.01 (24 Jun 1993)]
+%    Fixed 3 bugs.  (1) If proofmode was turned on, then something
+%    like ``\cs{index{WORD}WORD}'' would suppress the hyphenation of
+%    WORD.  This was fixed by adding ``|\penalty\@M\hskip\z@skip|'' to
+%    the end of \cs{@showidx}.  (This is just the definition of
+%    \cs{allowhyphens} borrowed from \bundle{german.sty}, v2 \vdate{4
+%    Nov 1988}).  (2) The \cs{hbox} in \cs{@mkidx} was being set at
+%    its natural width, which had a tendency to interfere with the
+%    width of the page.  The \cs{hbox} is now replaced by \cs{rlap}.
+%    (3) If the title of an index (i.e., the fourth argument of
+%    \cs{newindex}) contained a particularly fragile command
+%    like~\cs{d}, havoc would ensue when \cs{theindex} tried to
+%    extract the title.  Titles are now kept in token registers to
+%    prevent such unpleasantness.  Bugs (2) and (3) were reported by
+%    Dominik Wujastyk \email{D.Wujastyk@ucl.ac.uk} on 24 June 1993.
+%    Note that bugs (1) and (2) are actually bugs in showidx.sty,
+%    v2.09 \vdate{16 Jun 1991}.
+%
+%    \item[v2.02 (25 Jun 1993)]
+%    Rewrote the code that implements the short indexing commands (|^|
+%    and |_|) to make index.sty compatible with other style files that
+%    need to make |^| and |^| active in some contexts.  See the code
+%    for more details.
+%
+%    \item[v2.03 (30 Jun 1993)]
+%    Once again rewrote the code that implements the short indexing
+%    commands.  Dumped the shortindexing environment and rewrote the
+%    \cs{shortindexingon} and \cs{shortindxingoff} commands to save
+%    and restore the \cs{catcode}'s and meanings of |^| and |^| in the
+%    safest possible (I hope) order.  Also added the
+%    \cs{if@shortindexing} flag to keep \cs{shortindexingoff} from
+%    doing anything if it is called outside of the scope of a
+%    \cs{shortindexingon} command.  (Question: Should
+%    \cs{shortindexingon} check that flag before doing anything?)
+%
+%    \item[v2.04 (beta) (14 Jul 1993)]
+%    Added \cs{disableindex} command.  Added \cs{newindex} and
+%    \cs{renewindex} to \cs{@preamblecmds}.  Added \cs{if@newindex}
+%    flag to \cs{@newindex} to prevent \cs{renewindex} from
+%    re-allocating new \cs{write} and \cs{toks} registers.  Rewrote
+%    using \bundle{doc.sty} and \program{DocStrip}.  Also cleaned up
+%    the code somewhat.
+%
+%    \item[v3.00 (15 Jul 1993)]
+%    Made further minor tweaks to code and internal documentation.
+%    Booted version number up to 3.00 and released on the world.
+%
+%    \item[v3.01 (19 Jul 1993)]
+%    Fixed \program{DocStrip} CheckSum.
+%
+%    \item[v3.02 (15 Sep 1993)]
+%    Corrected spelling of \cs{@shortindexingfalse} in definition of
+%    \cs{shortindexingoff}.  Thanks to Hendrik G. Seliger
+%    \email{hank@Blimp.automat.uni-essen.de} for this bug report.
+%    Also added redefinitions of \cs{@leftmark} and \cs{@rightmark} to
+%    fix a bug reported by Dominik Wujastyk
+%    \email{D.Wujastyk@ucl.ac.uk}.
+%
+%    \item[v3.03 (beta) (20 Feb 1994)]
+%    Added \cs{long} to the definition of \cs{@ifundefined} to cover
+%    the unlikely contingency that someone wanted to use, for example,
+%    |\string\par| in the middle of a control sequence name.  Added an
+%    optional argument to \cs{newindex} to specify which counter to
+%    use in place of \cs{thepage}.  The first change was suggested by
+%    Martin Schr\"oder \email{l15d@zfn.uni-bremen.de}; the second was
+%    suggested independently by Schr\"oder and Stefan Heinrich
+%    H\"oning \email{hoening@pool.informatik.rwth-aachen.de}.  The
+%    \cs{@newindex} command was renamed \cs{def@index}.  Also fixed
+%    the \cs{disableindex} command.
+%
+%    \item[v3.04 (7 Mar 1994)]
+%    Rewrote the user documentation (Sections 1--5) and released on
+%    the world.  Also deleted some extraneous spaces that had crept
+%    into some macros.
+%
+%    \item[v4.00beta, (20 Feb 1995)]
+%    Preliminary conversion to a native \LaTeXe\ package.  Fixed
+%    \cs{@printindex} to work under \LaTeXe\ (bug reported by Carsten
+%    Folkertsma \email{cai@butler.fee.uva.nl}).  Removed much code
+%    that had been put in to work around various ancient versions of
+%    \LaTeX~2.09.  Added \cs{index@prologue} support (modelled on
+%    \bundle{doc.sty}) at suggestion of Nick Higham
+%    \email{higham@ma.man.ac.uk}.
+%
+%    \item[v4.01beta (28 Sep 1995)]
+%    Rewrote as a \LaTeXe\ package (finally!).  Changes too numerous
+%    to list, but in general deleted some now-superfluous code,
+%    replaced some tricks by tricks from the \LaTeXe\ kernel, and
+%    added some bullet-proofing.  Much still remains to be done, but
+%    this should be good enough for testing.
+%
+%    Changed definition of \cs{protect} in \cs{markright} and
+%    \cs{markboth} to fix bug reported by Dominik Wujastyk.
+%
+%    \item[??? (5 Jan 2004)]
+%
+%
+% \end{description}
+%
+% \DisableCrossrefs
+%
+% \section{The sample file}
+%
+%    \begin{macrocode}
+%<*sample>
+%% latex sample.tex
+%% makeindex sample
+%% makeindex -o sample.and sample.adx
+%% makeindex -o sample.nnd sample.ndx
+%% makeindex -o sample.lnd sample.ldx
+%% latex sample.tex
+
+\documentclass{book}
+\usepackage{index}
+
+\listfiles
+
+\makeindex
+\newindex{aut}{adx}{and}{Name Index}
+\newindex{not}{ndx}{nnd}{List of Notation}
+
+\newindex[theenumi]{list}{ldx}{lnd}{Items}
+
+\shortindexingon
+
+\proofmodetrue
+
+\def\aindex{\index*[aut]}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\tableofcontents
+
+\newpage
+
+\chapter{Here is a ^[aut]{chapter} title}
+
+\section{Section header\index[aut]{section}}
+
+Here is some text.\index{subject}
+
+Here is \index[not]{notation}some more \index[not]{sin@$\sin$}
+text.
+
+\newpage
+
+Here is some ^{more} _[not]{notation} text.
+
+Here is yet more \aindex{text}.
+
+\section{Another Section header _[aut]{section2}}
+
+And here is some math: $x^1_b$.
+
+Here is an ^[aut]{index} entry \fbox{inside an
+\index[not]{min@$\min$}fbox}
+
+\fbox{Here is an ^[aut]{entry} in a box.}
+
+\section{An indexed list environment}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+
+\item
+First item
+
+\item
+Second item\index[list]{second item}
+
+\item
+Third item
+
+\newpage
+
+\item
+Fourth item
+
+\item
+Fifth item\index[list]{fifth item}
+
+\item
+Sixth item
+
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\printindex[not]
+
+\printindex[aut][Here is a prologue for the author index.
+Note that it is set in a single column at the top of the
+first page of the index.]
+
+\printindex[list]
+
+\printindex
+
+\end{document}
+%</sample>
+%    \end{macrocode}
+%
+% \Finale
+%
+\endinput