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authorNorbert Preining <preining@logic.at>2010-11-01 10:17:57 +0000
committerNorbert Preining <preining@logic.at>2010-11-01 10:17:57 +0000
commit124ab1aa006529a0f1a3fa7c5fa7712e8eb558bf (patch)
treec5d4002cc3f3d1b2b2e7ca6804d0d012f6390fc6 /Master/texmf-dist/doc
parent6355d556f7d2698c4d2e0b2a5641737b2005c029 (diff)
remove musixlyr package, it has been incorporated into musixtex
git-svn-id: svn://tug.org/texlive/trunk@20287 c570f23f-e606-0410-a88d-b1316a301751
Diffstat (limited to 'Master/texmf-dist/doc')
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/COPYING339
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/README66
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/mxlyrdoc.dvibin92180 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/mxlyrdoc.mx11
-rw-r--r--Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/mxlyrdoc.tex1780
5 files changed, 0 insertions, 2186 deletions
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/COPYING b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/COPYING
deleted file mode 100644
index e77696ae8dd..00000000000
--- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/COPYING
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,339 +0,0 @@
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diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/README b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/README
deleted file mode 100644
index f8b0b9562f7..00000000000
--- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/README
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-
- musixlyr -- a MusiXTeX Extension Package for Lyrics Handling
- Version 2.0c
-
- (C) Rainer Dunker 1996-2001
-
-
-musixlyr is a set of TeX macros to be used with Taupin MusiXTeX
-(version T.52 or later) for typesetting vocal music. Its purpose is
-to compensate two drawbacks of MusiXTeX's lyrics handling:
-
- o Typesetting lyrics with the ``native'' MusiXTeX commands \zcharnote,
- \zsong etc. tends to be quite inefficient, particularly if the
- lyrics have to be changed or corrected. The idea underlying
- musixlyr is to separate lyrics coding from music coding and let TeX
- weave them together with as little manual interference as
- possible. As a result you can enter and edit lyrics (nearly) as
- easily as normal text.
-
- o MusiXTeX has no built-in mechanism for centering hyphens between
- syllables and for handling hyphenation at long melismas. This is
- implemented in musixlyr following the example of engraved music.
-
-
-New in version 2.0:
-
- o Support for lyrics on multi-staff instruments
-
- o Melisma declaration as part of the lyrics definition,
- i.e. within \setlyrics
-
- o Improved scheme for vertical lyrics positioning
-
- o Using PMX: Automatic detection of upper/lower voice context in
- a two-voice staff; explicitly addressing lyrics commands to
- auxiliary lyrics with \auxlyr is no longer required
-
- o Context-dependent lyrics settings that do not need to be
- adressed to absolute instrument/staff numbers, making lyrics
- assignment robust against PMX part extraction
-
- o No more TeX register allocations per verse
- (i.e. musixlyr uses only a small, fixed number of registers)
-
- o Facility for posting "extra" lyrics anywhere on a staff,
- even where no notes are present at all
-
- o Slightly more robust processing of undefined verses
-
-
-See the included file mxlyrdoc.dvi about how to make use of musixlyr.
-This DVI file has been created using MusiXTeX T.103. If you have
-another version installed, the music examples of the manual may be
-corrupted due to font incompatibilities. Nevertheless, the rest of
-the manual will remain readable so that you will be able to install
-musixlyr and recompile the mxlyrdoc.tex file in order to get
-everything right.
-
-All kinds of comments, suggestions, and bug reports are welcome!
-
-Author: Rainer Dunker
- Wachtelweg 31
- 85591 Vaterstetten
- Germany
-
- E-mail: rainer.dunker@web.de
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/mxlyrdoc.dvi b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/mxlyrdoc.dvi
deleted file mode 100644
index c0bc10f9501..00000000000
--- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/mxlyrdoc.dvi
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/mxlyrdoc.mx1 b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/mxlyrdoc.mx1
deleted file mode 100644
index 08fec8881e7..00000000000
--- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/mxlyrdoc.mx1
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-0.83
diff --git a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/mxlyrdoc.tex b/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/mxlyrdoc.tex
deleted file mode 100644
index b182c87252e..00000000000
--- a/Master/texmf-dist/doc/latex/musixlyr/mxlyrdoc.tex
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1780 +0,0 @@
-%%
-%% mxlyrdoc.tex: Manual for the MusiXTeX lyrics package musixlyr
-%%
-%% Copyright (C) 1996-2001 Rainer Dunker
-%%
-%% This document is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
-%% it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-%% the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
-%% any later version.
-%%
-%% This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-%% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-%% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-%% GNU General Public License for more details.
-%%
-%% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-%% along with this document; if not, write to the Free Software
-%% Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
-%%
-%% Author:
-%% Rainer Dunker
-%% Wachtelweg 31
-%% 85591 Vaterstetten
-%% Germany
-%%
-%% E-mail: rainer.dunker@web.de
-%%
-\documentclass[twoside]{article}
-\usepackage{musixtex,multicol,makeidx}
-
-\input musixlyr
-
-\textwidth210mm \advance\textwidth-2in % These format settings
-\textheight297mm \advance\textheight-2in % can be freely changed!
-\advance\textheight-\headheight \advance\textheight-\headsep
-\footskip0pt \topmargin0pt \evensidemargin0pt \oddsidemargin0pt
-
-\pagestyle{headings}
-\parskip0.5ex plus 0.25ex minus 0.25ex
-\parindent0pt
-\sloppy
-
-\nobarnumbers
-\smallmusicsize
-
-%
-% command index
-%
-\makeatletter
-\renewenvironment{theindex}
- {\let\item\@idxitem
- \begin{multicols}{2}
- \parskip0pt}
- {\end{multicols}}
-\def\printcmd#1{{\tt\char92 #1}}
-\def\ci#1{\printcmd{#1}\bci{#1}}
-\def\bci#1{\index{#1@\printcmd{#1}}} % "blind" command index entry
-\makeindex
-
-\let\myqnwidth\qn@width
-\makeatother
-
-\def\musixlyr{{\tt musixlyr}}
-\def\PMX{{\bf PMX}}
-\def\var#1{\hbox{$\langle$#1$\rangle$}}
-\def\oneversespace{\par\vspace*{2mm}}
-\def\twoversesspace{\par\vspace*{7mm}}
-
-
-
-
-\begin{document}
-
-
-\title{\musixlyr --- a \musixtex\ Extension Package for Lyrics Handling
- (Version 2.0c)}
-\author{\copyright\ Rainer Dunker 1996--2001\\
- {\tt rainer.dunker@web.de}}
-\maketitle
-\thispagestyle{empty}
-
-
-{\small\sl (The page layout of this document is tailored to A4 paper
- format, but the text width and height can be freely changed in order
- to meet other paper sizes; no part of the layout relies on a
- particlular size.)\/}
-
-{\parskip0pt\tableofcontents}
-
-
-
-\section{Introduction}
-
-
-\subsection{Basic concepts}
-
-\musixlyr\ is a set of \TeX\ macros to be used with Taupin \musixtex\
-(version T.52 or later) for typesetting vocal music. Its purpose is
-to compensate two drawbacks of \musixtex's lyrics handling:
-\begin{itemize}
- \item Typesetting lyrics with the ``native'' \musixtex\ commands
- \verb|\zcharnote|, \verb|\zsong| etc.\ tends to be quite
- inefficient, particularly if the lyrics have to be changed or
- corrected. The idea underlying \musixlyr\ is to separate lyrics
- coding from music coding and let \TeX\ weave them together with as
- little manual interference as possible. As a result you can enter
- and edit lyrics (nearly) as easily as normal text.
- \item \musixtex\ has no built-in mechanism for centering hyphens between
- syllables and for handling hyphenation at long melismas. This is
- implemented in \musixlyr\ following the example of engraved music.
-\end{itemize}
-
-
-
-\subsection{New in version 2.0}
-
-\begin{itemize}
- \item Support for lyrics on multi-staff instruments
- $\longrightarrow$~section~\ref{multi-staff-instruments}
- %
- \item Melisma declaration as part of the lyrics definition,
- i.\,e.~within \ci{setlyrics}
- $\longrightarrow$~section~\ref{melismas}
- %
- \item Improved scheme for vertical lyrics positioning
- $\longrightarrow$~section~\ref{vertical-positioning}
- %
- \item Facility for posting lyrics anywhere on a staff, even where no
- notes are present at all
- $\longrightarrow$~section~\ref{lyric*-verse-numbers}
-\end{itemize}
-
-These features are especially interesting when \musixlyr\ is used in
-conjunction with \PMX:
-
-\begin{itemize}
- \item Automatic detection of upper/lower voice context in
- a two-voice staff; explicitly addressing lyrics commands to
- auxiliary lyrics with \ci{auxlyr} is no longer required
- $\longrightarrow$~section~\ref{auxlyr-attachment}
- %
- \item Context-dependent lyrics settings that do not need to be
- adressed to absolute instrument/staff numbers, making lyrics
- assignment robust against part extraction
- $\longrightarrow$~section~\ref{assignment-by-context}
-\end{itemize}
-
-Finally, a few improvements have been made that do not bear explicit
-new features but work rather behind the scenes:
-\begin{itemize}
- \item No more \TeX\ register allocations for each verse name newly
- defined by \ci{setlyrics} or \ci{copylyrics}; the use
- of those registers has been replaced by macros.
- %
- \item Due to the abandoned per-verse register allocations, the
- \ci{enableauxlyrics} command is obsolete. It is retained for the
- sake of backward compatibility, but it has no effect.
- %
- \item Slightly more robust processing of undefined verses. An error
- is raised immediately when an undefined verse is assigned to a
- staff/instrument, and the undefined verse name is implicitly
- defined as having empty lyrics. This avoids obscure errors in later
- stages of \TeX\ processing.
-\end{itemize}
-
-The current version 2.0c is a mere bugfix version of~2.0.
-
-Suggestions for other useful things are welcome.
-
-
-
-\subsection{Backward incompatibility issues}
-
-\begin{itemize}
- \item
- It is no longer possible to represent ``empty syllables'' by
- empty \TeX\ environments `\verb|{}|' within \ci{setlyrics}; see
- also section~\ref{empty-syllable}.
- %
- \item
- Within \ci{setlyrics}, the underscore character has got a
- special meaning and thus can no longer be used as usual; see
- section~\ref{melismas-by-underscores}.
- %
- \item
- By default, auxiliary lyrics are now placed vertically {\em
- above\/} (no longer below) the staff they are assigned to; see
- section~\ref{auxlyr-vertical-position-default}.
-\end{itemize}
-
-
-
-\subsection{Restrictions}
-
-\begin{itemize}
- \item \musixlyr\ does not influence the \musixtex/{\tt musixflx}
- spacing algorithm in order to make the notes spacing dependent on
- the space requirements of the lyrics. See section~\ref{horizpos}
- about how spacing problems are handled.
- %
- \item \musixlyr\ seems to work correctly in my preferred working
- environment, but I cannot exclude problems in situations I have
- not undergone (especially concerning the use of \musixtex\
- preprocessors, the \musixtex\ extension library, and past or
- future \musixtex\ releases). Thus it is important that you point out
- encountered bugs and incompatibilities to me; there is little
- chance that I notice them on my own.
-
- Please do also bother me if you find this manual --- or parts of
- it --- incomprehensible or incomplete.
-\end{itemize}
-
-
-
-\section{Installation}
-
-Put the {\tt musixlyr.tex} file into a directory that is included in
-your \verb|TEXINPUTS| search path --- that's all. (Refer to your local \TeX\
-documentation for details on this.)
-
-
-
-\section{Usage}
-
-Before using \musixlyr\ macros, state
-\begin{quote}\verb|\input musixlyr|\end{quote}
-near the beginning of your source file but {\bf after} the
-\verb|\input musixtex| (\LaTeX: \verb|\usepackage{musixtex}|)
-command.
-
-
-
-\subsection{Entering lyrics}
-
-
-\subsubsection{Lyrics as lines of words}
-
-As opposed to the ``vertical'' music construction of
-\musixtex, \musixlyr\ treats lyrics ``horizontally'' as {\em lyrics
-lines.\/} Each separate ``thread'' of words is a separate lyrics
-line; thus, in the following example\footnote{Excerpt from
-``Tourdion'' by {\sc Pierre Attaignant} ({\sl ars
-musica\/} vol.\,4, M\"oseler Verlag Wolfenb\"uttel/Z\"urich)},
-
-\begin{music}
- \setlyrics{soprano}
- {Quand je bois du vin clai-ret, a-mi tout}
- \setlyrics{alto}{Le bon vin nous}
- \setlyrics{tenor}{Bu-vons bien, bu-vons mes a-mis,}
- \copylyrics{tenor}{bass}
- \assignlyrics4{soprano}
- \assignlyrics3{alto}
- \assignlyrics2{tenor}
- \assignlyrics1{bass}
- \setsongraise3{-1.5mm}
- \small
- \instrumentnumber4
- \generalsignature2
- \generalmeter{\meterfrac32}
- \setclef1\bass
- \songtop4
- \songbottom1
- \sepbarrules
- \startextract
- \NOtes\wh{`e}\sk\sk\sk\ha e&%
- \wh g\sk\sk\sk\ha e&%
- \wh b\sk\sk\sk\ha b&%
- \qa{efg'a!gf}\en\bar
- \NOTesp\wh{`e}&\wh{'b}&\wh e&\hup e\en
- \NOtes\sk\ha{`e}&\sk\ha{'b}&\sk\ha e&\qa{fg'a}\en
- % force hyphens of incomplete words:
- \def\atnextbar{\znotes\lyric{}&\lyric{}\en}%
- \endextract
-\end{music}
-\oneversespace
-
-there are four lyrics lines notwithstanding that two of them consist
-of the same words.
-
-Note that the number of lyrics lines does not depend on the number
-of staves: Any number of lyrics lines (including none) can be attached
-to each staff (more about multiple lyrics lines per staff in
-section~\ref{multilyrlines}).
-
-
-\subsubsection{Setting up a lyrics line}
-
-A lyrics line is set up using the command
-\begin{quote}
- \ci{setlyrics}\verb|{|\var{name}\verb|}{|\var{words}\/\verb|}|
-\end{quote}
-where \var{name} is a name\footnote{This name must not contain
-backslashes or commas. Most other characters do not cause problems;
-however, it is safer to use only letters and digits.} for the lyrics
-line (e.\,g.\ the name of the voice singing these lyrics) and
-\var{words} is the complete text where multi-syllable words must be
-given {\bf hyphenated.} For example, the soprano lyrics of the above
-example are set as follows:
-\begin{quote}
- \bci{setlyrics}
- \begin{verbatim}
-\setlyrics{soprano}
- {Quand je bois du vin clai-ret, a-mi tout}\end{verbatim}
-\end{quote}
-
-The following issues should be considered for using the
-\ci{setlyrics} command:
-\begin{itemize}
- \item
- Within the lyrics definition, spaces and hyphens are used to
- split the whole text into words or syllables. If you want a space
- or hyphen appear {\em within\/} a word/syllable, use the command
- \verb|\space| or \ci{lyrhyphenchar}, respectively, instead.
- \item
- \label{empty-syllable}%
- In case you want the lyrics attachment to skip over a note,
- i.\,e.~a certain note shall not receive a syllable, you may
- achieve this by inserting an empty syllable in the \var{words}
- text. However, neither a ``really empty'' syllable (i.\,e.~two
- consecutive separating spaces) nor an empty environment \verb|{}|
- will work, but you may use either \verb|{\empty}| or
- \verb|\empty{}| for this.
-
- Normally, the \ci{nolyr} command (discussed later in this
- manual) should be used for this purpose, but an empty syllable may
- be more handy if it occurs in only one of multiple assigned
- verses; see also sections~\ref{melismas-by-underscores}
- and~\ref{multilyrlines}.
- \item
- Note that, since lyrics lines are cut into pieces which are
- processed separately, you cannot apply things like temporary font
- changes in the usual manner (i.\,e.~using \TeX\
- environments). See section~\ref{layoutpar} about how to accomplish
- layout changes.
- \item
- Applying \ci{setlyrics} to the same \var{name} again
- redefines the lyrics line. This may be useful at very long pieces
- because setting up and applying lyrics in smaller portions
- (e.\,g.\ movement by movement) saves both time and memory.
- \item
- It is possible to specify melismas --- that shall occur later when
- a verse is attached to the music --- already within
- \ci{setlyrics}; see section~\ref{melismas-by-underscores} for
- details.
-
-\end{itemize}
-
-If several voices have the same lyrics, you do not have to copy and
-paste the lyrics for each further voice; just say
-\begin{quote}\ci{copylyrics}\verb|{|\var{from name}%
- \verb|}{|\var{to name}\verb|}|\end{quote}
-to set up a lyrics line named \var{to name} with the same contents
-as \var{from name}.
-
-
-\subsubsection{Assigning lyrics lines to staves}
-
-{\bf Note:} During the following discussion, the term {\em staff\/} is
-used wherever \musixtex\ would precisely use the term {\em
-instrument\/} instead, assuming that lyrics are posted to single-staff
-instruments only. However, everything also applies to the assignment
-of lyrics to staves of multi-staff instruments; see
-section~\ref{multi-staff-instruments} about how to use lyrics in a
-multi-staff instrument context.
-
-To assign a lyrics line to a staff, say
-\begin{quote}\ci{assignlyrics}\verb|{|\var i%
- \verb|}{|\var{name}\verb|}|\end{quote}
-where \var i is the instrument number (counted as usual from bottom to
-top) and \var{name} the name of the lyrics line.
-
-The resulting assignment can be redefined everywhere. This is useful
-if the arrangement of voices on staves changes within the score; when
-a voice is continued on a different staff at the next system, use
-\ci{assignlyrics} (preferrably enclosed in \verb|\atnextline{...}|) to
-make the respective lyrics line follow this change without
-interrupting the flow of words.
-
-If a lyrics line is assigned to instrument \var i and you want it to be
-continued on a different instrument while assigning no other lyrics line
-to instrument \var i, you must explicitly cancel the former assignment by
-saying \ci{assignlyrics}\verb|{|\var i\verb|}{}|.
-
-{\bf Caution:} Never assign a lyrics line to more than one
-staff simultaneously; if the same lyrics are needed at
-several staves in parallel, use \ci{copylyrics} (see above).
-
-As a summary of this section, here is the complete ``lyrics
-definition section'' of the above example:
-\begin{quote}
- \bci{setlyrics}
- \bci{copylyrics}
- \bci{assignlyrics}
- \begin{verbatim}
-\setlyrics {soprano}{Quand je bois du vin clai-ret, a-mi tout}
-\setlyrics {alto} {Le bon vin nous}
-\setlyrics {tenor} {Bu-vons bien, bu}
-\copylyrics{tenor} {bass}
-\assignlyrics4{soprano}
-\assignlyrics3{alto}
-\assignlyrics2{tenor}
-\assignlyrics1{bass}\end{verbatim}
-\end{quote}
-
-See also section~\ref{assignment-by-context} about an alternative way
-to assign lyrics to staves.
-
-
-
-\subsection{Managing the attachment of lyrics to notes}
-\label{manipulation}
-
-
-\subsubsection{Automatic lyrics attachment}
-\label{auto-attachment}
-
-By default, the syllables of a lyrics line are consecutively attached to
-all {\em spacing\/} notes of the assigned staff. Thus chords get only
-one syllable since they usually contain exactly one spacing note.
-However, this may be different if you are using auxiliary lyrics;
-see section~\ref{auxlyrics} for details.
-
-``Spacing'' in this context means: generated by one of the commands
-\verb|\qu|, \verb|\hu|, \verb|\wh| etc.\ and not by \verb|\zqu|,
-\verb|\zhu|, \verb|\zq| etc. Spacing or not does {\em not\/} depend on
-whether the note generating command is enclosed in \verb|\znotes| or
-any other \verb|\notes| command. So if any note seems to have been
-left out by the attachment automatism, first make sure that this
-note is generated using a command not beginning with \verb|\z|.
-
-If the number of words of a lyrics line gets exhausted before all
-notes of the respective staff are processed, ``???'' is posted at all
-remaining notes.
-
-
-\subsubsection{Addressing manipulations to lyrics}
-
-In the ``ideal'' case, the attachment automatism perfectly distributes the
-lyrics over the music. In practice, however, situations in which the
-automatism must be ``helped'' manually are frequent. Such
-manipulations must be posted within the music code. Here are the
-basic rules:
-\begin{enumerate}
- \item All lyrics manipulations must be stated inside
- \verb|\notes...\enotes|.
- \item Lyrics manipulations solely refer to the lyrics line(s)
- attached to the current staff (``current'' with respect to the
- enclosing `\verb|&|' characters).
- \item Similar to many other \musixtex\ commands (e.\,g.\ for beams
- and slurs), lyrics manipulations must be issued before the
- corresponding note commands.
-\end{enumerate}
-Examples in the following sections will illustrate the application.
-
-
-\subsubsection{Melismas}
-\label{melismas}
-
-Regarding lyrics and music separately, melismas are no property of
-either one; instead, they characterize the relation between both and
-play a role only where music and lyrics occur together. Using
-\musixlyr, however, lyrics coding and music coding are basically
-unrelated, but melismas do have to be specified somewhere. You have to
-decide yourself whether you regard melismas as an attribute rather of
-the lyrics or rather of the music (this may vary according to the type
-of score you are preparing, or may even differ within a score);
-\musixlyr\ provides two corresponding styles of melisma specification
-which are discussed in the following paragraphs.
-
-\begin{description}
- \item[Melismas as a music property.]
- Within the music code, a melisma is initiated and terminated by the
- command pair
- \begin{quote}
- \hspace*{\fill}\ci{beginmel}\hfill\ci{endmel}\hspace*{\fill}
- \end{quote}
- issued before the first and last note, respectively, of the melisma.
- This left-justifies the current word/syllable, suspends lyrics until
- after the melisma, and sets up a ``word extension
- underline''\footnote{I am not sure whether this is the appropriate
- term; it is taken from the {\sl Finale\/} reference manual.} unless
- the current word is continued afterwards and thus has to be
- hyphenated. For example,
-
- \begin{music}
- \resetlyrics
- \instrumentnumber1
- \small\scale{0.6}
- \setlyrics{melismatic}{a me-lis-ma}
- \assignlyrics1{melismatic}
- \startextract
- \NOtes\beginmel\qa{def}\endmel\qa e\en\bar
- \NOtes\beginmel\qa{def}\endmel\qa g\en\bar
- \NOtes\beginmel\qa{'a!gf}\endmel\qa e\en\bar
- \NOtes\beginmel\qa{defe}\en\bar
- \NOTEs\endmel\wh d\en
- \endextract
- \end{music}
- \oneversespace
-
- has been coded as:
- \begin{quote}
- \bci{beginmel}
- \bci{endmel}
- \begin{verbatim}
-...
-\NOtes\beginmel\qa{def}\endmel\qa e\en\bar
-\NOtes\beginmel\qa{def}\endmel\qa g\en\bar
-\NOtes\beginmel\qa{'a!gf}\endmel\qa e\en\bar
-\NOtes\beginmel\qa{defe}\en\bar
-\NOTEs\endmel\wh d\en
-...\end{verbatim}
- \end{quote}
- If a system break occurs within the melisma, hyphenation or underline
- is continued at the next system, thus automatic line breaking is
- applicable.
-
- \item[Melismas as a lyrics property.]
- \label{melismas-by-underscores}
- To specify a melisma within a lyrics definition (i.e.~within
- \ci{setlyrics}), simply append an underscore character to a syllable
- to make it span over an additional note, two underscores to span over
- two additional notes, and so on. Alternatively, you may append to a
- syllable a single underscore followed by a number which denotes the
- number of {\em additional\/} melisma notes: \verb|abc_| is equivalent
- to \verb|abc_1|, \verb|abc__| to \verb|abc_2|, and so on.
-
- No matter which of the two underscore appedix styles you use: If a
- melismatic syllable is hyphenated to the following one, the melisma
- denotation must {\bf precede} the hyphen --- for example:
- \verb|abc__-def| ({\bf not:} \verb|abc-__def|).
-
- All melisma properties mentioned above (lyrics suspension, left
- justification of syllable, word extension underline, system break
- support) also apply to melismas specified this way. For reference,
- here is the lyrics definition section of the example above, this time
- utilizing the underscore melisma technique (note that, in this case,
- all \ci{beginmel} and \ci{endmel} commands must be omitted in the
- music section):
-
- \begin{quote}
- \ci{setlyrics}\verb|{melismatic}{a___ me_3-lis___-ma_4}|
- \end{quote}
-
- \item[Comparing both points of view.]
- The music-oriented melisma view (using \ci{beginmel}/\ci{endmel}) is
- advantageous for music with a rather loose binding to certain lyrics,
- e.g.~folk songs that are to be printed with various verse compilations
- or in different languages. You may then enter each verse without
- taking care of melismas because they are coded just once as part of
- the music.
-
- On the other hand, the lyrics-focused melisma style (using
- underscores) is best suited to pieces with a fixed lyrics-to-music
- binding; it is easier to type and to read, but less flexible as
- regards combining the same lyrics with different music. It is
- especially advantageous for multiple verses (see
- section~\ref{multilyrlines}) with different syllables-to-notes
- distribution (see verse~3 of the ``Drunken sailor'' example in
- section~\ref{versenumbers}); it is much easier to code each verse's
- melismas individually than tracking all melismas in parallel using
- the \ci{verses} command (see again section~\ref{multilyrlines}).
-
- \item[Note.]
- You may use both styles within the same score but you should avoid to
- activate both melisma types simultaneously at the same lyrics line;
- the result of such an occurrence is undefined.
-\end{description}
-
-
-\subsubsection{Turning automatic lyrics attachment on/off}
-
-If the attachment automatism is unsuitable for some
-situation --- e.\,g.\ at complex polyphonic voicings or wherever you
-want to place all syllables manually --- you can turn it off using
-\begin{quote}\ci{lyricsoff}\end{quote}
-after the last note that shall get a syllable. (If your piece begins
-with a lyrics-less section, state \ci{lyricsoff} before the first
-note of a staff.) To re-enable automatic lyrics attachment, use
-\begin{quote}\ci{lyricson}\end{quote}
-before the first note that shall get a syllable.
-
-If automatic lyrics attachment shall skip over certain single notes
-only, the \ci{nolyr} command is more suitable (see
-section~\ref{nolyr-command}).
-
-
-\subsubsection{Lyrics repetition and skipping}
-
-As in the following example of a polyphonic piece,
-
-\begin{music}
- \resetlyrics
- \instrumentnumber2
- \setclef1\bass
- \songtop2
- \songbottom1
- \small
- \setlyrics{amen1}
- {\llabel{amenlabel}A-men!} \assignlyrics1{amen1}
- \copylyrics{amen1}{amen2} \assignlyrics2{amen2}
- \startextract
- \NOtes% lower staff:
- \itenu0K\beginmel\wh K\sk\sk\sk
- \midslur2\tten0\endmel\hlp K&%
- % upper staff:
- \qa f\lyrnop\lyrpt,\qa g%
- \golyr{amenlabel}\lclyr\qa h\lyrnop\lyrpt,\qa{_i}%
- \golyr{amenlabel}\lclyr\beginmel\islurd1h\qa{hg}%
- \tslur1f\endmel\qa f\en
- \NOTEs\wh N&\wh g\en
- \endextract
-\end{music}
-\oneversespace
-
-it often happens that some lyrics phrases are repeated by some but
-not all voices, or that each voice has its individual arrangement of
-lyrics repetitions. Nevertheless, you do not have to enter
-these repetitions directly within \ci{setlyrics}; instead, you
-enter the lyrics as if they were performed in an unbroken
-sequence. Repetitions and skips are then handled using a ``goto''
-technique involving the following steps:
-\begin{description}
- \item[Labelling ``goto'' targets.] A syllable which has to be jumped at
- must be preceded (without spaces in between) by
- \begin{quote}\ci{llabel}\verb|{|\var{label name}\verb|}|\end{quote}
- within \ci{setlyrics}.
- \item[Performing jumps.] Within the music code, say
- \begin{quote}\ci{golyr}\verb|{|\var{label name}\verb|}|\end{quote}
- before the note at which the jump has to be performed.
-
- {\bf Caution:} If you try to jump to an undefined lyrics label, no
- meaningful error message is produced. However, if \TeX\ reports an
- error at a \ci{golyr} command, you should check conformity of
- defined and used labels.
-\end{description}
-The following actions must be taken in special cases:
-\begin{description}
- \item[Adding punctuation marks.] Usually a comma or period is
- appended to the word preceding a jump; this is done by the command
- \begin{quote}\ci{lyrpt}\var{punctuation char}\end{quote}
- where \var{punctuation char} can be any single punctuation
- character.
- \item[Removing punctuation marks.] Before adding a punctuation mark
- to a word as said above, an already existing punctuation mark
- should be removed by the command:
- \begin{quote}\ci{lyrnop}\end{quote}
- \item[Lower case letters.] Words at jump targets often begin with a
- capital letter which should appear lower case after a jump;
- this can be forced by the command:
- \begin{quote}\ci{lclyr}\end{quote}
-\end{description}
-Here is a code excerpt from the above example, summarizing the use of
-all mentioned commands:
-\begin{quote}\small
- \bci{llabel}
- \bci{copylyrics}
- \bci{setlyrics}
- \bci{lyrnop}
- \bci{lyrpt}
- \bci{golyr}
- \bci{lclyr}
- \bci{beginmel}
- \bci{endmel}
- \begin{verbatim}
-\setlyrics{amen1}
- {\llabel{amenlabel}A-men!} \assignlyrics1{amen1}
-\copylyrics{amen1}{amen2} \assignlyrics2{amen2}
-\startextract
- \NOtes% lower staff:
- \itenu0K\beginmel\wh K\sk\sk\sk
- \midslur2\tten0\endmel\hlp K&%
- % upper staff:
- \qa f\lyrnop\lyrpt,\qa g%
- \golyr{amenlabel}\lclyr\qa h\lyrnop\lyrpt,\qa{_i}%
- \golyr{amenlabel}\lclyr\beginmel\islurd1h\qa{hg}%
- \tslur1f\endmel\qa f\en
- \NOTEs\wh N&\wh g\en
-\endextract\end{verbatim}
-\end{quote}
-Note that the goto technique is recommendable mainly if different
-voices perform different repetitions or skips on the same lyrics; if
-all voices perform the same sequence of repetitions, however, it is
-easier to hard-code them within \ci{setlyrics}.
-
-
-\subsubsection{Miscellaneous}
-\label{miscmanip}
-
-\begin{description}
- \item[Excluding single notes.]
- \label{nolyr-command}%
- In the following situation,
-
- \begin{music}
- \resetlyrics
- \instrumentnumber1
- \setlyrics1{ca-den-za}
- \assignlyrics11
- \startextract
- \NOtes\zqlp{'c}\qu e\en
- \Notes\qu{'d}\nolyr\cl b\en
- \bar
- \NOTes\zhl{'c}\hu c\en
- \endextract
- \end{music}
- \oneversespace
-
- the eighth note must be excluded from receiving a syllable. This
- can be accomplished saying
- \begin{quote}\ci{nolyr}\end{quote}
- before the command generating this note.
- \item[Manual lyrics posting.] When automatic lyrics attaching is
- switched off, a word or syllable can be placed manually saying
- \begin{quote}\ci{lyr}\end{quote}
- before the command generating the note that shall get this
- word/syllable.
-
- This command also works independently from a following note command;
- you can issue it before a rest, a \verb|\sk| or even alone for
- itself in order to place a word/syllable wherever you want (no
- matter whether the attachment automatism is on or off).
-
- Manipulations to the posted word/syllable have to be placed {\em
- before\/} the \ci{lyr} command.
- \item[Left justification.] Say
- \begin{quote}\ci{llyr}\end{quote}
- in order to have the next word/syllable left-justified to the
- notehead instead of centered.
-
- If you prefer to have left justification as the default, say
- \begin{quote}\ci{leftlyrtrue}\end{quote}
- before your piece begins (\ci{leftlyrfalse} to restore centered
- lyrics).
- \item[Word extension underlines.] The melisma commands (see
- \ref{melismas}) automatically manage word extension underlines;
- however, they can be set manually: Say
- \begin{quote}\ci{lyrrule}\end{quote}
- before the respective note command to initiate an underline {\em
- after\/} the word, and
- \begin{quote}\ci{lyrruleend}\end{quote}
- before the note where the underline shall be terminated.
-
- Note that no underline will be drawn if the word is continued
- afterwards so that the underline would interfere with the
- hyphenation.
- \item[Horizontal offset.] To shift a word/syllable out of its default
- horizontal position, say
- \begin{quote}\ci{lyroffset}\verb|{|\var n\verb|}|\end{quote}
- which --- similar to \verb|\roffset| --- moves the next word/syllable
- \var n quarter note head widths to the right (left if \var n
- is negative).
-
- Note that the effect of \ci{lyroffset} may be overridden by
- automatic lyrics shifting. If you want to gain complete manual
- control over the positioning, you have to disable the shifting
- automatism; see section \ref{horizpos} for details.
- \item[Extra lyrics.] If, as in the following
- example\footnote{Excerpt from ``In the town where I was born''
- ({\sl Eine kleine Melodie,\/} Strube, M\"unchen 1989)},
-
- \begin{music}
- \resetlyrics
- \instrumentnumber2
- \generalsignature1
- \setclef1\bass
- \songtop2
- \songbottom1
- \interinstrument=6mm
- \setsongraise2{-0.5mm}
- \scale{1.5}
- \forcelyrhyphenstrue
- \small
- \setlyrics{lower}{yel-low sub-ma-rine,} \assignlyrics1{lower}
- \copylyrics{lower}{upper} \assignlyrics2{upper}
- \startextract
- \Notes\ibl0N0\zqbp0N\ibu1N0\qbp1b&%
- \ibl2f0\zqbp2d\ibu3g0\qbp3g\en
- \notes\tbbl0\tbl0\zqb0N\tbbu1\tbu1\qb1b&%
- \tbbl2\tbl2\zqb2d\tbbu3\tbu3\qb3g\en
- \Notes\ibl0M0\zqbp0M\ibu1N0\qbp1b&%
- \ibl2f0\zqbp2d\ibu3g0\qbp3g\en
- \notes\tbbl0\tbl0\zqb0M\tbbu1\tbu1\qb1b&%
- \tbbl2\tbl2\zqb2d\tbbu3\tbu3\qb3g\en
- \Notes\ibl0L{-1}\zqbp0L\hu b&\zhl d\hu g\en
- \notes\tbbl0\tbl0\lyric{ya,}\qb0K\en
- \Notes\ibl0L1\lyric{ya,}\qbp0L\en
- \notes\tbbl0\tbl0\lyric{ya,}\qb0M\en
- \endextract
- \end{music}
- \oneversespace
-
- a voice has ``extra'' lyrics (such as ``hmm'', ``ah'', ``ya'', etc.)
- in addition to the ``main'' lyrics, you need not enter them within
- \ci{setlyrics} (which would inhibit using \ci{copylyrics});
- instead, you can enter them directly within the music code using
- the command
- \begin{quote}\ci{lyric}\verb|{|\var{extra syllable}\verb|}|\end{quote}
- before the note where they shall appear. (Note that the effect is
- different from using \verb|\csong| which would not apply automatic
- hyphenation, horizontal positioning control, and \musixlyr's
- vertical positioning scheme.) Automatic lyrics attaching --- if
- active --- is suspended at that note. All manipulations can be
- applied; they must be given before the \ci{lyric} command.
-
- If you want the syllable linked to the following one by a hyphen,
- use \ci{lyrich} instead of \ci{lyric}.
-
- It may sometimes be necessary to post lyrics where no note is
- present at all, i.e.~in the empty space between notes. This is,
- however, possible with \verb|\lyric|, but is is unsuitable because
- automatic lyrics attachment shall {\em not\/} be suspended at the
- next note. In this case one of the commands \ci{lyric*} or --- for
- hyphenated syllables --- \ci{lyrich*} should rather be used; they
- have no effect on the ``regular'' flow of lyrics.
- \label{lyric*-verse-numbers}%
- One application for this are vertically aligned verse numbers. For
- example,
-
- \begin{quote}
- \bci{lyric*}
- \bci{minlyrspace}
- \bci{verses}
- \begin{verbatim}
-\setlyrics1{Spring time}
-\setlyrics2{Au-tumn}
-\assignlyrics1{1,2}
-...
-\znotes\minlyrspace=-5cm
- \loffset{2.2}{\verses{\lyric*{1.},\lyric*{2.}}}\en
-\hardspace{4mm}%
-\NOTes\hu{ee}\en
-...\end{verbatim}
- \end{quote}
-
- yields:
-
- \begin{music}
- \resetlyrics
- \setlyrics1{Spring time}
- \setlyrics2{Au-tumn}
- \assignlyrics1{1,2}
- \lyrraise1{b -1.5mm}
- \scale{1.2}
- \startextract
- \znotes\minlyrspace=-5cm
- \loffset{2.2}{\verses{\lyric*{1.},\lyric*{2.}}}\en
- \hardspace{4mm}%
- \NOTes\hu{ee}\en
- \endextract
- \twoversesspace
- \end{music}
-
- (This example uses a few yet unintroduced features:
- \begin{itemize}
- \item
- The \verb|\minlyrspace| command is necessary to allow
- shifting the verse numbers left out of the normal ``zero''
- lyrics position; see also section~\ref{horizpos}.
- \item
- See section~\ref{multilyrlines} about attaching multiple verses
- to a single staff.)
- \end{itemize}
-
- You may even obtain verse numbers that are repeated at the
- beginning of each system by enclosing the \verb|\znotes...| command
- for setting the numbers in \verb|\def\everystaff{...}|.
-
- Another possible application --- combined with empty syllables ---
- is coping with unusual lyrics situations at voltas; for example,
-
- \begin{music}
- \twoversesspace
- \resetlyrics
- \setlyrics1{first pass}
- \setlyrics2{se-cond pass}
- \assignlyrics1{1,2}
- \scale{2}
- \startextract
- \NOTEs\wh g\en
- \Setvolta1\def\atnextbar{\znotes\verses{,\lyric{}}\en}\bar
- \NOTEs\wh g\en
- \znotes\verses{,\lyrich*{}}\en \Setvolta2\setendvoltabox\rightrepeat
- \NOTEs\verses\lyricsoff\pause\en\bar
- \NOTEs\ha{gg}\en\setendvolta
- \endextract
- \twoversesspace
- \end{music}
-
- is accomplished by:
-
- \begin{quote}
- \bci{verses}
- \bci{lyric}
- \bci{lyrich*}
- \begin{verbatim}
-\setlyrics1{first pass}
-\setlyrics2{se-cond pass}
-\assignlyrics1{1,2}
-\startextract
- \NOTEs\wh g\en
- \Setvolta1\def\atnextbar{\znotes\verses{,\lyric{}}\en}\bar
- \NOTEs\wh g\en
- \znotes\verses{,\lyrich*{}}\en
- \Setvolta2\setendvoltabox\rightrepeat
- \NOTEs\verses\lyricsoff\pause\en\bar
- \NOTEs\ha{gg}\en\setendvolta
-\endextract\end{verbatim}
- \end{quote}
-
- The trick used here is to inject empty syllables into the second
- verse at the barlines around the first volta; they serve as anchors
- for the hyphenation suspended under this volta.
-
- Note that the \ci{lyric}, \ci{lyric*}, \ci{lyrich}, and
- \ci{lyrich*} commands cannot be used at staves without assigned
- lyrics lines.
-\end{description}
-
-
-
-\subsection{Horizontal positioning}
-\label{horizpos}
-
-\musixlyr\ takes care of blank space between words. If a word --- at
-its default position --- would come too close to or overlap the
-previous word, it is shifted right in order to ensure a minimum of
-blank space. This minimal interword space can be set by
-\begin{quote}\ci{minlyrspace}\verb|=|\var{any \TeX\ dimension}\end{quote}
-and is initially set to~3\,pt.
-
-%The situation is different if two syllables belong to the same
-%word. Such syllables are allowed to close up; only overlapping is
-%inhibited by shifting. If the space between such syllables is
-%narrower than a hyphen, the hyphen is omitted unless you force
-%hyphens in every spatial situation saying
-%\begin{quote}\verb|\forcelyrhyphenstrue|\end{quote}
-%(to restore the default behaviour: \verb|\forcelyrhyphensfalse|). In
-%this case, enough room is made for the hyphen by shifting the right
-%syllable if necessary.
-
-\leavevmode\label{nicerhyphens}%
-The situation is different if two syllables belong to the same
-word. Such syllables are allowed to close up; only overlapping is
-inhibited by shifting. If the ``natural'' space between such syllables is
-narrower than a hyphen, the hyphen is omitted and the two syllables
-close up completely (eventually by left-shifting the second syllable
-to prevent a small gap). You may though force
-hyphens in every spatial situation saying
-\begin{quote}\ci{forcelyrhyphenstrue}\end{quote}
-(to restore the default behaviour: \ci{forcelyrhyphensfalse}). In
-this case, enough room is made for the hyphen by right-shifting the
-second syllable if necessary.
-
-If the note spacing is quite narrow, lyrics shifting may get
-accumulated within a system. In order to prevent shifting words too
-far out of their original position, a wider note spacing should be
-considered. The command
-\begin{quote}\ci{showlyrshifttrue}\end{quote}
-marks each lyric shift with a black rectangle of the respective
-width, thus making it easy to detect questionable positionings.
-
-If you prefer to completely disable lyrics shifting, set
-\ci{minlyrspace} to a large negative value (e.\,g.~$-10$\,cm).
-
-
-
-\subsection{Vertical positioning}
-\label{vertical-positioning}
-
-By default, \musixlyr\ places lyrics vertically centered between the
-two adjacent staves. Lyrics below the lowest or above the topmost
-staff of a system are centered around the system's bottom or top
-margin line.%
-\footnote{This is not necessarily the most reasonable way, but it is
- compatible to \musixtex's \printcmd{csong} behaviour.}
-
-In most scores, you will have to deviate from this standard and
-manually adjust the lyrics' vertical position. This can be done per
-staff with the command
-\begin{quote}
- \ci{lyrraise}\verb|{|\var n\verb|}|\verb|{|\var{pos}\var{raise}\verb|}|
-\end{quote}
-which applies the following setting to the lyrics attached to staff
-number~\var n: \var{pos} is one of the letters \verb|a|
-and~\verb|b|. \verb|a| sets the lyrics above the staff, \verb|b| below
-the staff. \var{raise} is a dimension value by which the lyrics are
-lifted above (or lowered under, if it is negative) the default
-position as mentioned above. \ci{lyrraise}\verb|{|\var n\verb|}{b0pt}|
-is the initial settting for all staves.
-
-It is possible to apply changes to the vertical position at any place
-within the score, but in most cases it is most reasonable to do so
-within \verb|\atnextline{...}| which ensures consistent, even spacing
-within each system.
-
-For the sake of backward compatibility, applying \musixtex's command
-\ci{setsongraise}\verb|{|\var n\verb|}{|\var{raise}\verb|}|
-implicitly performs a
-\ci{lyrraise}\verb|{|\var n\verb|}|\verb|{b|\var{raise}\verb|}|,
-but not vice versa --- i.\,e.~\ci{lyrraise} has no effect on lyrics
-set with \musixtex's lyrics commands \verb|\csong|,
-\verb|\zsong|,~etc. Likewise, the obsolete \musixlyr\ command
-\ci{auxsetsongraise} implies \verb|\auxlyr{\lyrraise...{b...}}|, but
-not vice versa (see section~\ref{auxlyrics} to learn about the meaning
-of \verb|\auxlyr|).
-
-
-
-\subsection{Setting lyrics layout parameters}
-\label{layoutpar}
-
-
-\subsubsection{Available parameters}
-
-\begin{description}
- \item[Font:] There is no special font command; the current font is
- used for lyrics. It can be changed using the usual \TeX/\LaTeX\
- commands.
- \item[Minimum length of word extension underlines:] A word extension
- underline is omitted if it would become too short. The minimum
- length can be set by
- \begin{quote}\ci{minlyrrulelength}\verb|=|\var{any \TeX\ dimension}
- \end{quote}
- and is initially set to~2\,mm. If you prefer to completely inhibit
- the underlines, set this parameter to an unsurpassably high value
- (e.\,g.~the width of your paper).
- \item[Minimum inter-syllable distance for multiple hyphens:] If the
- space between two hyphenated syllables (or between one of the
- syllables and the respective system margin) is wider than this
- distance, it is filled with a line of hyphens instead of a single
- hyphen. The minimum distance to be filled with more than one
- hyphen can be set by
- \begin{quote}\ci{minmulthyphens}\verb|=|\var{any \TeX\ dimension}\end{quote}
- and is initially set to~15\,mm. If you prefer to completely inhibit
- filling with multiple hyphens, set this parameter to an
- unsurpassably high value.
- \item[Hyphen character:] This can be redefined by:
- \begin{quote}\verb|\def|\ci{lyrhyphenchar}\verb|{|\dots\verb|}|\end{quote}
-\end{description}
-Further layout parameters discussed elsewhere are: vertical
-positioning (section \ref{vertical-positioning}), word justification
-(section \ref{miscmanip}), minimum interword distance, and forcing
-hyphens (section \ref{horizpos}).
-
-{\bf Note:} In order to change the mentioned parameters globally, the
-respective commands must be issued {\em outside\/}
-\verb|\notes...\enotes|.
-
-\subsubsection{Individual settings per staff}
-\label{indivlayout}
-
-All layout parameters can be set either globally (applying to all
-lyrics lines) or individually, i.\,e.\ valid for a single specified staff.
-An individual change is accomplished by enclosing the proper command
-in
-\begin{quote}\ci{lyrlayout}\verb|{|\dots\verb|}|\end{quote}
-and issuing this within \verb|\notes...\enotes| in the section of the
-referred staff. For example,
-\begin{quote}
- \verb|\notes...&|\ci{lyrlayout}\verb|{\it\leftlyrtrue}...&...\en|
-\end{quote}
-applies italic font and left justification to the lyrics line(s)
-assigned to the second staff.
-
-Applying \ci{lyrlayout} to the same staff again overrides
-{\em all\/} previous individual settings for this staff;
-pay attention to this if you made several individual settings and
-want to reset some but retain others. Saying \ci{lyrlayout}\verb|{}|
-restores the global settings for a staff.
-
-The \ci{lyrlayout} command can also be used within
-\ci{setlyrics}; this is useful if an individual setting
-(especially a font change) should apply to a particular
-portion of lyrics rather than to a portion of music. For example,
-\begin{quote}
- \ci{setlyrics}\verb|{x}{An |\ci{lyrlayout}%
- \verb|{\it}em-pha-sized\lyrlayout{} phrase}|
-\end{quote}
-causes the word ``emphasized'' to appear italic wherever it is posted
-within the music. (Be sure to attach \ci{lyrlayout} commands to
-the corresponding lyrics portions {\em without\/} blank spaces in
-between.)
-
-{\bf As an exception,} the {\bf vertical positioning of lyrics} cannot be
-changed within \ci{lyrlayout}; instead, it is handled staff-wise
-using the special commands discussed in
-section~\ref{vertical-positioning}.
-
-
-
-\subsection{Multiple verses per staff}
-\label{multilyrlines}
-
-An arbitrary number of verses can be assigned to a staff
-straightforwardly by saying
-\begin{quote}\ci{assignlyrics}\verb|{|\var n\verb|}{|%
- \var{names}\verb|}|\end{quote}
-where \var{names} is a {\bf comma-separated list} of the desired
-lyrics line names, listed from top to bottom. In the following
-example\footnote{Excerpt from: ``Non moriar sed vivam'', motet by
-{\sc Martin Luther}},
-
-\begin{music}
- \resetlyrics
- \generalmeter\allabreve
- \generalsignature2
- \scale{0.9}
- \setlyrics{latin} {Non mo-ri-ar sed}
- \setlyrics{german}{Ich wer-de nicht ster-ben, son-dern}
- \assignlyrics1{latin,german}
- \small
- \setsongraise1{-1.5mm}
- \startextract
- \znotes\verses{,\lyrlayout{\footnotesize\it}}\en
- \NOTEs\wh{'a}\en\bar
- \NOTes\verses{\beginmel}\ha{'b}\verses{\endmel}\ha a\en\bar
- \NOtesp\beginmel\qup{'a}\en
- \Notes\ca{'b}\en
- \NOtes\verses{,\endmel}\qa{'c}\verses{,\beginmel}\itieu0d\qa d\en\bar
- \NOtes\ttie0\qa{'d}\endmel\qa c\en
- \NOtes\verses{\beginmel}\ha{'d}\en\bar
- \NOTes\verses{\endmel}\ha{'ee}\en
- \endextract
-\end{music}
-\twoversesspace
-
-the lyrics lines have been set up as follows:
-\begin{quote}
- \bci{assignlyrics}
- \begin{verbatim}
-\setlyrics{latin} {Non mo-ri-ar sed}
-\setlyrics{german}{Ich wer-de nicht ster-ben, son-dern}
-\assignlyrics1{latin,german}\end{verbatim}
-\end{quote}
-
-
-\subsubsection{Handling verses individually}
-
-If you code lyrics attachment manipulations the way
-described in section~\ref{manipulation}, these manipulations apply
-{\em to all lyrics lines\/} of the referred staff {\em
-simultaneously.\/} In order to address each lyrics line separately,
-use the command
-\begin{quote}
- \ci{verses}\verb|{|\var{man1}\verb|,|\var{man2}\verb|,|\dots\verb|}|
-\end{quote}
-where \var{man1} is a sequence of commands to manipulate the upper
-lyrics line, \var{man2} to manipulate the second lyrics line from
-above, and so on. These command sequences may be empty. Delimiting
-commas after the last non-empty list entry can be omitted. For example,
-\begin{quote}
- \ci{verses}\verb|{,,\beginmel,\golyr{abc}}|
-\end{quote}
-leaves the upper two lyrics lines unaltered, initiates a melisma at
-the third, performs a jump to label {\tt abc} at the fourth, and
-leaves all further ones (whatever their number may be) unaltered. As
-another example, the font change for the german lyrics of the above
-excerpt is accomplished by
-\begin{quote}
- \verb|\znotes|\ci{verses}\verb|{,\lyrlayout{\footnotesize\it}}\en|
-\end{quote}
-before the first note is coded.
-
-
-\subsubsection{Vertical positioning}
-\label{multiple-vert-pos}
-
-A block of multiple lyrics lines is vertically centered around the position
-which a single lyrics line would have taken; thus you can do things
-like
-
-{\small\setlyrstrut
- \resetlyrics
- \setlyrics{Winter1}{Win-ter a-de\rlap{,} a-ber dein Schei-den macht\rlap{,}}
- \setlyrics{Winter2}{schei-den tut weh\rlap,}
- \assignlyrics1{Winter1,Winter2}
- \generalmeter{\meterfrac34}
- \generalsignature2
- \setsongraise1{-2mm}
- \startextract
- \NOtes\qa{ffe}\en\bar
- \NOTesp\hup d\en\rightrepeat
- \assignlyrics1{Winter1}%
- \NOtes\qa{fgh}\en\bar
- \NOtes\qa h\en
- \Notes\beginmel\Ibu0gf1\qb0g\endmel\tqh0f\en
- \NOtes\qa g\en
- \endextract}
-\twoversesspace
-
-without having to adjust the vertical position within the
-piece. (See the source of this manual for the coding of this
-example.)
-
-\leavevmode\label{lyrstrut}%
-The vertical distance between the baselines of multiple verses is
-appropriate for the default 10~point font size of plain \TeX.
-However, the size switching commands \verb|\smalltype|,
-\verb|\medtype|~etc.\ do not implicitly adjust the vertical distance
-to the chosen font size. Since the vertical distance of lyrics is now
-controlled by the concept of a {\em lyrics strut\/}\footnote{In
-analogy to \TeX's {\tt\char92 strut}; see {\sl The \TeX book\/} by
-{\sc D.~E.~Knuth.}}, you should perform this adjustment explicitly with
-the command
-\begin{quote}\ci{setlyrstrut}\end{quote}
-directly after each ``global'' font size change (i.\,e.~after each size
-change not issued within \verb|\lyrlayout{...}|;
-see~\ref{indivlayout}) unless you do not want the spacing to be
-adjusted. (\TeX perts only: If you like to define your own vertical
-spacing, you may redefine the \ci{lyrstrutbox} yourself.)
-
-
-
-\subsection{Auxiliary lyrics}
-\label{auxlyrics}
-
-If you have typeset two voices of a polyphonic arrangement within one
-staff, you normally want to give each voice its own lyrics lines.
-Usually, the two voices are distinguished by means of the notes' stem
-direction; the lyrics of the up-stemmed voice are typeset above,
-those of the down-stemmed voice below the staff. \musixlyr\
-provides the facility to maintain such two lyrics ``streams'' per
-staff; one of them --- which is handled exactly as described so
-far --- will be called {\em main lyrics,\/} the second one {\em
-auxiliary lyrics.\/}
-
-
-\subsubsection{Addressing auxiliary lyrics}
-
-Only two rules are to be obeyed for directing commands to auxiliary lyrics:
-\begin{enumerate}
- \item Enclose everything concerning auxiliary lyrics in:
- \begin{quote}\ci{auxlyr}\verb|{...}|\end{quote}
- For example, assign lyrics line~{\tt verse1} to staff~2 as
- auxiliary lyrics by:
- \begin{quote}\ci{auxlyr}\verb|{\assignlyrics{2}{verse1}}|\end{quote}
- For example, begin a melisma at the next note of the ``auxiliary'' voice by:
- \begin{quote}\ci{auxlyr}\verb|{\beginmel}|\end{quote}
- (For \TeX perts: If the argument of \ci{auxlyr} consists of
- only one token, the braces can be omitted, so that
- \verb|\auxlyr\beginmel| does the same.)
- \item There are exactly two exceptions to the first rule. The first
- one are the \ci{setlyrics} and \ci{copylyrics} commands which
- need not be enclosed in \ci{auxlyr}\verb|{...}|; their function is
- independent of the later use of the defined lyrics lines as either
- main or auxiliary lyrics.
-
- The second exception concerns lyrics commands issued as type-1
- \TeX\ strings in a \PMX\ source; see below for details.
-\end{enumerate}
-
-\label{auxlyr-vertical-position-default}%
-Auxiliary lyrics are lifted above the staff by default, i.e.~they have
-the same vertical position as main lyrics belonging to the staff above
-the current staff. If this causes collisions with the main lyrics of
-the upper staff, you have to shift the lyrics away from each other
-using the vertical spacing commands discussed in
-section~\ref{vertical-positioning}.
-
-
-\subsubsection{Automatic attachment of auxiliary lyrics}
-\label{auxlyr-attachment}
-
-While it is easy to attach only one lyrics ``stream'' to a single
-voice within a system automatically, the attachment of both main and
-auxiliary lyrics involves the task of determining which note belongs
-to which voice. Unfortunately, \musixtex\ does not explicitly state a
-note's membership of a particular voice; therefore, a heuristic
-method has to be used to gather this information. However,
-the situation is completely different if you prepare your scores with
-the \PMX%
-\footnote{If you don't know what \PMX\ is, have a look at:
- {\tt http://icking-music-archive.sunsite.dk/musixtex/software/pmx/}}
-preprocessor. The following paragraphs explain managing the lyrics
-attachment automatism for both cases --- \PMX\ and
-non-\PMX\ --- separately.
-
-
-\paragraph{Using \PMX.}
-
-(This paragraph requires some \PMX\ knowledge.) For \PMX-prepared
-scores (which \musixlyr\ detects automagically), the distinction
-between the two voices of a staff works fully automatic. This applies
-to both the automatic lyrics attachment as well as explicit lyrics
-manipulations --- i.e.,~you do not have to use \ci{auxlyr}\verb|{...}| for
-manipulating auxiliary lyrics. (This only applies to manipulations
-that appear in a voice's context, i.e.~within a type-1 \TeX\ string.)
-For reference, see the following example\footnote{Excerpt from
-``Waldesnacht, du wunderk\"uhle'' by {\sc Johannes Brahms} ({\sl Eine
-kleine Melodie,\/} Strube, M\"unchen 1989)},
-
-\oneversespace
-\begin{music}
- \resetlyrics\small
- \setlyrics{soprano}{all der ir-ren Qua-len los.}
- \auxlyr{\assignlyrics1{soprano}}
- \copylyrics{soprano}{alto}
- \assignlyrics1{alto}
-
- \auxlyr{\lyrraise1{a -3\internote}}
- \staffbotmarg5.5\Interligne
- \stafftopmarg5\Interligne
- \generalsignature2
- \lyrmodealter0
-
- \startextract\addspace\afterruleskip
- \scale{1.2}%
- \NOtes\zhu{=j}\lower6\internote\qp\lifthpause{-3}\sk\qu h\en
- \bar
- \NOtes\auxlyr\beginmel\roffset{.8}{\isluru2j}\zhup f\lower8\internote\qp\en
- \NOTes\hl{^d}\en
- \NOTes\zql e\itieu0e\qu e\en
- \bar
- \NOtes\beginmel\islurd1c\zql c\ttie0\tslur2h\auxlyr\endmel\qu e%
- \roff{\endmel\tsslur1d\zhl d}\qu{=d}%
- \auxlyr\beginmel\itieu0d\hu d%
- \ql d\en
- \bar
- \NOTes\zhl d\ttie0\auxlyr\endmel\hu d%
- \zhl a\hu c\en
- \bar
- \NOTes\zhl a\fermataup l\hu d\hpause\en
- \setdoubleBAR\endextract
-\end{music}
-\oneversespace
-
-which can be obtained by the following \PMX\ code (processed with
-\PMX\ version~2.3):
-\begin{quote}
-\bci{auxlyr}
-\begin{verbatim}
----
-\input musixtex % These commands are necessary
-\input pmx % because pmx.tex MUST be \input
-\input musixlyr % before musixlyr.tex!
-
-\setlyrics{soprano} % \setlyrics and \copylyrics
- {all der ir-ren Qua-len los.} % need not be enclosed in
-\copylyrics{soprano}{alto} % \auxlyr{...}.
-
-\assignlyrics1{alto}
-\auxlyr{\assignlyrics1{soprano}
- \lyrraise1{a 3\Interligne}}
-
-\let\BM\beginmel % For brevity within the subsequent
-\let\EM\endmel % music coding recommended.
----
-1 1 4 4 0 0 3 2 0 5 20 0
-
-t
-./
-
-% 1st and 2nd bar:
-r4-6 r2-6 | r4-8 d24s e4 //
-c25n a4 | \BM\ f2d s+4 \isu0e{.8}\ e4 /
-% 3rd bar:
-\BM\ c s \EM\ d2r s d4 //
-\ts0e0\EM\ e s+3 dn \BM\ d2 s /
-% 4th bar:
- d2 a // % Note that \BM and \EM
-\EM\ d s c / % apply either to main
-% 5th bar: % or to auxiliary lyrics,
-a r+0 // % depending on which voice
-d of rb / % they appear in.\end{verbatim}
-\end{quote}
-
-By default, main lyrics are attached to the lower voice (whose
-lines end with \verb|//| in the \PMX\ source), auxiliary lyrics to the
-upper voice; due to \PMX\ internals, this ensures that if only one
-voice is present, main lyrics are attached to it. However, situations
-exist in which it is desirable to have main lyrics attached to the
-upper voice, e.\,g.~when you have only main lyrics and want to
-synchronize them with the soprano voice instead of the alto voice
-(both of them set on the same staff). In this case, you can toggle the
-attachment of lyrics to voices with the command
-\begin{quote}\ci{lyrmodealter}\verb|{|\var n\verb|}|\end{quote} for
-staff number \var n; the command
-\begin{quote}\ci{lyrmodenormal}\verb|{|\var n\verb|}|\end{quote}
-restores the default behaviour. If $\hbox{\var n}=0$, the change
-affects all staves.
-
-
-\paragraph{Using ``plain'' \musixtex\ without \PMX.}
-
-In this context, there are two basically different modes for lyrics
-attachment:
-\begin{enumerate}
- \item In {\em normal mode\/} (which is active by default) only main
- lyrics are provided automatically as described in
- section~\ref{auto-attachment}. All auxiliary lyrics must be issued
- manually by saying \ci{auxlyr}\ci{lyr} before the respective note.
- This mode is useful when you do not have auxiliary lyrics at all
- or when auxiliary lyrics occur only occasionally within the piece.
- \item In {\em alternative mode\/}, both main and auxiliary lyrics
- are provided automatically. The two voices of a staff are
- distinguished by means of their notes' stem direction; the lower
- voice gets main lyrics, the upper one auxiliary lyrics. This
- implies that the automatism fails at stemless
- notes\footnote{Ancient notes, namely breve, longa, and maxima, are
- also treated as stemless notes by \musixtex's internals.}, thus you
- have to provide lyrics manually by saying \ci{lyr} or
- \ci{auxlyr}\ci{lyr}, respectively, before such notes. This mode is
- meant for staves which continuously contain two polyphonic voices
- with separate lyrics.
-\end{enumerate}
-
-The appropriate mode can be chosen staff-wise: The command
-\begin{quote}\ci{lyrmodealter}\verb|{|\var n\verb|}|\end{quote}
-enables alternative mode for staff number \var n; the command
-\begin{quote}\ci{lyrmodenormal}\verb|{|\var n\verb|}|\end{quote}
-restores normal mode. As stated above, $\hbox{\var n}=0$ performs the
-choice affecting all staves.
-
-For illustration, have a look at the following
-example\footnote{Excerpt from ``Audite nova'' by {\sc Orlando di
-Lasso} ({\sl ars musica\/} vol.\,4, M\"oseler Verlag
-Wolfenb\"uttel/Z\"urich)}:
-
-\oneversespace
-\begin{music}
- \resetlyrics \small
- \lyrmodealter0
- \setlyrics{soprano}{bring her die Gans,} \auxlyr{\assignlyrics1{soprano}}
- \copylyrics{soprano}{alto} \assignlyrics1{alto}
-
- \generalsignature{-2}
- \advance\stafftopmarg3\Interligne
- \advance\staffbotmarg2\Interligne
-
- \startextract\addspace\afterruleskip
- \NOtes\zqu g\ql e\en
- \bar
- \Notes\zqu i\beginmel\ibslurd0f\ibl0f{-1}\qb0f\en
- \Notes\qb0e\en
- \Notes\auxlyr\beginmel\ibsluru1i\zqup i\qb0d\en
- \Notes\tqb0e\en
- \Notes\endmel\tbslurd0e\ql c\en
- \notes\ibbu0h{-1}\qb0h\en
- \notes\tqh0g\en
- \NOtes\auxlyr\endmel\tbsluru1h\zqu h\ql c\en
- \bar
- \NOTEs\auxlyr\lyr\zwh i% The lyrics of the whole notes
- \lyr\wh b\en % must be given manually.
- \endextract
- \lyrmodenormal0
-\end{music}
-\oneversespace
-
-The lyrics were defined as follows:
-\begin{quote}
- \bci{auxlyr}
- \bci{assignlyrics}
- \begin{verbatim}
-\setlyrics{soprano}{bring her die Gans,}
-\copylyrics{soprano}{alto}
-
-\assignlyrics1{alto}
-\auxlyr{\assignlyrics1{soprano}}
-
-\lyrmodealter0 % provide main + aux. lyrics automatically\end{verbatim}
-\end{quote}
-
-This is the complete notes section:
-\begin{quote}
- \bci{auxlyr}
- \begin{verbatim}
-\NOtes\zqu g\ql e\en
-\bar
-\Notes\zqu i\beginmel\ibslurd0f\ibl0f{-1}\qb0f\en
-\Notes\qb0e\en
-\Notes\auxlyr\beginmel\ibsluru1i\zqup i\qb0d\en
-\Notes\tqb0e\en
-\Notes\endmel\tbslurd0e\ql c\en
-\notes\ibbu0h{-1}\qb0h\en
-\notes\tqh0g\en
-\NOtes\auxlyr\endmel\tbsluru1h\zqu h\ql c\en
-\bar
-\NOTEs\auxlyr\lyr\zwh i% The lyrics of the whole notes
- \lyr\wh b\en % must be given manually.\end{verbatim}
-\end{quote}
-
-Note that, as opposed to using \PMX, there is no special provision
-for attaching main lyrics to the upper voice. If you desire a single
-lyrics ``thread'' synchronized with the upper voice, please use
-auxiliary lyrics instead and position them below the staff (see
-section~\ref{vertical-positioning}).
-Alternatively, you may use main lyrics in normal lyrics mode and code
-the lower voice completely non-spacing (in the sense explained
-in~\ref{auto-attachment}), the upper voice completely spacing; this
-should not be too complicated for mainly homophonic pieces.
-
-
-
-\subsection{Lyrics at multi-staff instruments}
-\label{multi-staff-instruments}
-
-So far in this manual, the term {\em staff\/} has always been used for
-what \musixtex\ precisely calls an {\em instrument\/}. This section,
-however, correctly adopts the \musixtex\ terminology.
-
-Lyrics can be assigned to staves of a multi-staff instrument. To do
-so, use
-\begin{quote}
- \ci{assignlyricsmulti}\verb|{|\var i\verb|}{|\var s\verb|}{...}|
-\end{quote}
-instead of \verb|\assignlyrics...|; here, \var s~adresses the desired
-staff number (counted from bottom to top) of instrument~\var i.
-
-Nevertheless,
-\ci{assignlyrics}\verb|{|\var i\verb|}{...}|
-can be used as well if instrument~\var i has multiple staves; in this
-case, it is equivalent to
-\verb|\assignlyricsmulti{|\var i\verb|}{1}{...}|,
-i.\,e.~it affects only the first staff (and not all staves, as may be
-presumed).
-
-In the same spirit, the following ``multi'' commands replace the
-standard ones within a multi-staff instrument context:
-\begin{quote}
- \ci{lyrraisemulti}\\
- \ci{lyrmodenormalmulti}\\
- \ci{lyrmodealtermulti}
-\end{quote}
-
-All other \musixlyr\ commands or features can be used the same way as
-within a single-staff instrument context.
-
-Using lyrics at multi-staff instruments can be useful, for example,
-for typesetting songs with piano accompaniment:%
-\footnote{Example taken from songbook {\sl Am Brunnen vor dem Tore\/},
-Delphin Verlag M\"unchen/Z\"urich 1981}
-
-\begin{music}
- \resetlyrics
- \setlyrics{verse}{Gu-ter Mond, du gehst_ so_ stil_-le}
- \assignlyricsmulti11{}
- \assignlyricsmulti12{verse}
- \lyrraisemulti12{b 2\internote}
- \setstaffs12
- \generalsignature{-1}
- \generalmeter\meterC
- \setclef1\bass
- \interstaff{13}
- \scale{1.3}
- \startextract
- \Notes\qp|\ibl0j{-2}\qb0j\tqb0i\en
- \bar\hardspace{1.7\myqnwidth}%
- \NOtes\isluru1d\lq c\zq M\ql d|\qa h\en
- \NOtes\zq c\zq M\ql e|\qa h\en
- \Notes\lq c\zq M\ql d|\islurd0h\ibu0h2\qb0h\tslur0i\tqh0i\en
- \Notes\tslur1e\zq c\zq M\ql e|\isluru0j\ibl0j2\qb0j\tslur0k\tqb0k\en
- \bar\hardspace\myqnwidth
- \Notes\isluru1d\lq c\zq M\ql d|\isluru0j\ibl0j{-2}\qb0j\tslur0i\tqb0i\en
- \NOtes\zq c\zq M\ql e|\qa g\en
- \NOtes\lq c\zq M\ql d|\qp\en
- \znotes\midslur2\tsslur1d\en
- \zendextract
-\end{music}
-
-The lyrics of this example are defined as follows:
-\begin{quote}
- \bci{assignlyricsmulti}
- \bci{lyrraisemulti}
- \begin{verbatim}
-\setlyrics{verse}{Gu-ter Mond, du gehst_ so_ stil_-le}
-\assignlyricsmulti{1}{2}{verse}
-\lyrraisemulti {1}{2}{b \internote}\end{verbatim}
-\end{quote}
-
-
-
-\subsection{Managing lyrics assignment according to current context}
-\label{assignment-by-context}
-
-Managing the properties of lyrics lines assignment to instruments by
-absolute instrument numbers --- as it is done with the
-\ci{assignlyrics}, \ci{lyrraise}, and \ci{lyrmodealter}
-commands --- may cause difficulties whenever the score's number and
-order of instruments shall be rearranged; in this case instrument
-numbers change, thus the instrument number parameters of the
-mentioned lyrics-related commands have to be adjusted.
-
-This is especially unpleasant where such a rearrangement is done
-automatically, e.\,g.~by \PMX's part extraction facility {\em
-scor2prt\/}; this is intended to work without any manual editing
-of the generated part files.
-
-To address this issue, \musixlyr\ provides {\em context-dependent\/}
-variants of the commands mentioned above. For example: Instead of
-\verb|\assignlyrics{2}{soprano}|, you may say something like:
-\begin{quote}
- \verb|\notes...&|\ci{assignlyricshere}\verb|{soprano}...\en|
-\end{quote}
-\ci{assignlyricshere}\verb|{|\var{name(s)}\verb|}| assigns the given verse
-\var{name(s)} to the instrument/staff whose context it occurs in within the
-\verb|\notes...\en| construct; no absolute instrument/staff number needs to
-be specified.
-
-For example, the following two code fragments are equivalent:
-
-\begin{quote}
- \footnotesize
- \hfill
- \def\arraystretch{1}%
- \begin{tabular}{l@{\qquad}|@{\qquad}l}
- \begin{tabular}[t]{@{}l@{}}
- \ci{assignlyrics}\verb| {1} {acct}%|\\
- \ci{assignlyricsmulti}\verb|{2}{2}{verse}%|\\
- \verb.\NOtes\qa c&\qa e|\qa g\en.
- \end{tabular}
- &
- \begin{tabular}[t]{@{}l@{}}
- \verb|\NOtes|\ci{assignlyricshere}\verb|{acct}\qa c%|\\
- \verb| &\qa e%|\\
- \verb. |.\ci{assignlyricshere}\verb|{verse}\qa g\en|
- \end{tabular}
- \end{tabular}
- \hfill\strut
-\end{quote}
-
-Using \PMX, the context-dependent commands must be given as type-1
-inline \TeX\ strings. Here is the same example, coded as \PMX input:
-
-\begin{quote}
- \footnotesize
- \hfill
- \def\arraystretch{1}%
- \begin{tabular}{l@{\qquad}|@{\qquad}l}
- \begin{tabular}[t]{@{}l@{}}
- \ci{assignlyrics}\verb| {1} {acct}\|\\
- \ci{assignlyricsmulti}\verb|{2}{2}{verse}\|\\
- \verb|c44 /|\\
- \verb|e44 /|\\
- \verb|g44 /|\\
- \end{tabular}
- &
- \begin{tabular}[t]{@{}l@{}}
- \hphantom{\tt .NOtes.assignlyricshere.acct..qa cg.en}\\
- \\
- \ci{assignlyricshere}\verb|{acct}\ c44 /|\\
- \verb| e44 /|\\
- \ci{assignlyricshere}\verb|{verse}\ g44 /|\\
- \end{tabular}
- \end{tabular}
- \hfill\strut
-\end{quote}
-
-The first one (left) results in wrong lyrics assignments in {\em
-scor2prt\/} output; the second one (right) is robust against part
-extraction.
-
-This is the complete set of ``here'' commands that can be applied the
-same way:
-\begin{quote}
- \ci{assignlyricshere}\\
- \ci{lyrraisehere}\\
- \ci{lyrmodenormalhere}\\
- \ci{lyrmodealterhere}
-\end{quote}
-
-All other \musixlyr\ commands are context-driven anyway, i.\,e.~using
-the mentioned ``here'' commands you can completely omit any absolute
-instrument/staff number assignment.
-
-
-
-\subsection{Miscellaneous}
-
-\subsubsection{Avoiding problems after {\tt\char92
- endpiece...\char92 startpiece}}
-
-Sometimes, after having suspended the music with \verb|\endpiece| and
-restarted it with \verb|\startpiece| (or the respective
-\verb|\...extract| commands), the lyrics lines are totally misaligned
-because the internal lyrics positioning parameters are not reset
-properly. Saying
-\begin{quote}\ci{resetlyrics}\end{quote}
-before the beginning of the new music section should solve this
-problem.
-
-
-\subsubsection{Improved centering of words with punctuation marks}
-
-Centered words with an attached punctuation mark often seem a bit
-left-shifted since the punctuation mark also counts for the
-centering. To have a word centered solely with respect to its
-letters, enclose the punctuation mark in \verb|\rlap{...}| as it is
-done in the example of section~\ref{multiple-vert-pos}. Unfortunately,
-this circumvents the lyrics shifting automatism, and is incompatible
-with the use of \ci{lyrnop}.
-
-
-\subsubsection{Verse numbers}
-\label{versenumbers}
-
-There is no special command for this topic. See the following example:
-
-\begin{music}
- \resetlyrics
- \generalmeter{\meterfrac24}
- \scale{1.8}
- \setlyrics{sailor1}
- {\llap{1.} What shall we do with a drun-ken sail-or\rlap{?}}
- \setlyrics{sailor2}
- {\llap{2.} Take him and shake him and try to\lyrlink a-wake him,}
- \setlyrics{sailor3}{\llap{3.} Give him a dose of_ salt and wa-ter,}
- \setlyrics{sailor4}{\llap{4.} Give him a dash with a bo-som's rub-ber,}
- \assignlyrics1{sailor1,sailor2,sailor3,sailor4}
- \small\setlyrstrut
- \setsongraise1{-6mm}
- \startextract
- \znotes\minlyrspace=-10cm% to inhibit right-shifting of the numbers
- \llyr\lyroffset{-2}% make the numbers stand off to the left
- \lyr% post the numbers
- \en
- \Notes\ibu0h0\qb0h\en
- \notes\nbbu0\qb0h\tqh0h\en
- \Notes\ibu0h0\qb0h\en
- \notes\nbbu0\qb0h\tqh0h\en\bar
- \Notes\Dqbu hd\Dqbu fh\en
- \endextract
-\end{music}
-\oneversespace
-\twoversesspace
-
-To see how this is accomplished, look for the example's coding within
-{\tt mxlyrdoc.tex}.
-
-Section~\ref{lyric*-verse-numbers} explains an alternative method for
-setting vertically aligned verse numbers.
-
-
-\subsubsection{``Lyrics slurs''}
-
-If two consecutive syllables of a lyrics line share the same note (as
-in the second verse of the above example), you may want to link them
-together with a small slur under them \mbox{like\lyrlink this.} To do
-this, use the command \ci{lyrlink} instead of the respective blank
-space within the \verb|\setlyrics| definition.
-
-If any of the adjacent characters expand under their \TeX\ baseline
-(like `g', `j', `p', etc.), use \ci{lowlyrlink} which lowers the
-slur accordingly (e.\,g.: \mbox{sing\lowlyrlink gladly}).
-
-
-
-\pagebreak[4]
-\section{Command index}
-\printindex
-
-
-
-\section{Software license}
-
-\musixlyr\ (including this manual) is free software; you can
-redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General
-Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
-version~2 of the License, or any later version.
-
-\musixlyr\ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-along with \musixlyr; if not, write to the Free Software
-Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
-
-\medskip
-Author:
-\begin{tabular}[t]{l}
- Rainer Dunker\\
- Wachtelweg 31\\
- 85591 Vaterstetten\\[0.5ex]
- Germany\\[1ex]
- E-mail: \tt rainer.dunker@web.de
-\end{tabular}
-
-\end{document}