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+%% ps-trees-doc.tex version 2 
+%% Author: Wolfgang.Sternefeld@uni-tuebingen.de
+%% filedate 99/05/04
+\documentclass{article}
+\usepackage{ps-trees}
+\parindent0pt\sloppy
+\parskip\bigskipamount
+\raggedbottom
+%\overfullrule2pt
+
+\begin{document}
+\title{ps-trees.sty Documentation}
+\author{Wolfgang Sternefeld\\
+      Version 2 --- May 1998}
+\maketitle
+
+Experimenting with a number of tree-macros I found that complex 
+real-life examples often lead to problems with controlling the 
+positioning of nodes in a tree.  I therefore decided to use 
+tree-dvips.sty (by Emma Pease), where the user has full control 
+over the position of nodes by putting them into a table.  The present 
+macro inputs tree-dvips.sty and presupposes knowledge of its 
+node-commands.
+
+One of the shortcomings of tree-dvips.sty is that it does not control 
+the correct use of the names for nodes.  This means that in case of a 
+user error, no warning will appear and no output will be printed.  
+The basic idea of the present macro is to regain control 
+over the use of names by using them as an encoding of the structure of 
+a tree.  More specifically, for a node named $x$ to be connected with 
+a node named $y$ (i.e.  $x$ and $y$ are the first arguments of the 
+command \verb|\node|) $y$ must have the form $cx$, where $x$ and $y$ 
+are strings of characters and $c$ is exactly one character.  For 
+ordinary branching trees, this makes the specification of 
+\verb.\nodeconnect{#1}{#2}.  superfluous.  Consider the following 
+example and compare the printed file with the .tex-source of this 
+file:
+
+\begin{treetab}{*4c}
+             &\Node{}{IP}           \\[3ex]
+\Node{l}{D}  &                      &\Node{r}{VP}\\[3ex]
+\Node{ml}{She}&\Node{lr}{V}          &           &\Node{rr}{D}\\[3ex]
+             &\Node{mlr}{exonerated}&           &\Node{mrr}{him}
+\end{treetab}
+%
+\hspace*{\fill}
+\begin{minipage}{.7\textwidth}
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{treetab}{*4c}
+&\Node{}{IP}\\[3ex]
+\Node{l}{D}&&\Node{r}{VP}\\[3ex]
+\Node{ml}{She}&\Node{lr}{V}&&\Node{rr}{D}\\[3ex]
+&\Node{mlr}{exonerated}&&\Node{mrr}{him}
+\end{treetab}
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{minipage}\hfill
+%
+
+\verb.\begin{treetab}. is defined in terms of \verb.\begin{tabular}..  
+The actual execution of the node connections (based on the node names 
+as specified by the first argument of \verb|\Node|) is performed as a part of 
+\verb.\end{treetab}.. In case a node cannot be interpreted as a node 
+in a tree, a warning will be typed out. 
+
+The remaining problem is to gain control over the width of columns in 
+a table.  This is often tedious, but the effort seems worthwhile as 
+evidenced by the poor results of macros that calculate the position of 
+nodes automatically.  Being essentially an aesthetic problem, the 
+present macro offers only limited support towards a uniform solution.  
+The following, however, might be helpful.
+
+First of all, the effects of \verb.\tabcolsep.  and \verb.\nodemargin.  
+on a precise positioning of nodes are disturbing, so both values are 
+set to zero by \verb.\begin{treetab}..  In order to achieve a minimum 
+of symmetry of branchings, a first idea would be that all rows should 
+have the same width, implying that the width of each node should be 
+determined by the widest leave.  Since individual nodes that come 
+later in a table might determine the size of previous nodes, it might 
+be a good idea to put all relevant nodes (by default: all leaves) into 
+boxes before starting the table.  The minimal size of all nodes (or 
+columns) can then be determined by the command \verb.\NodeWidthNo{n}., 
+where $n$ is the number of the box, whose width should become the 
+minimal width of all other columns.  \verb.\NodeWidthNo.  is defined 
+as follows:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\newcommand{\NodeWidthNo}[1]{\setlength{\MinNodeWidth}{\the\wd#1}}	
+\end{verbatim}
+The length \verb|\MinNodeWidth| will subsequently be used to 
+determine the minimal width of each node. (In order to give an 
+individual node the width of a particular  prespecified box 
+$n$, the node command can take an optional argument 
+\verb|\Node[n]{...}{...}|).
+
+For example, if we let the word \textit{exonerate} determine the size 
+of all nodes, the result is the following:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+\setbox1=\hbox{She}
+\setbox2=\hbox{exonerated}
+\setbox3=\hbox{him}
+\NodeWidthNo2
+%
+\begin{treetab}{*4c}
+&\Node{}{IP}\\[3ex]
+\Node{l} {DP}&&\Node{r}{VP}\\[3ex]
+\NodeNo1{ml}&\Node{lr}{V}&&\Node{rr} {DP}\\[3ex]
+&\NodeNo2{mlr}&&\NodeNo3{mrr}
+\end{treetab}
+\end{verbatim}
+\setbox1=\hbox{She}
+\setbox2=\hbox{exonerated}
+\setbox3=\hbox{him}
+\NodeWidthNo2
+%
+\begin{treetab}{*4c}
+&\Node{}{IP}\\[3ex]
+\Node{l} {DP}&&\Node{r}{VP}\\[3ex]
+\NodeNo1{ml}&\Node{lr}{V}&&\Node{rr} {DP}\\[3ex]
+&\NodeNo2{mlr}&&\NodeNo3{mrr}
+\end{treetab}
+
+But now the space between box2 and box3 might strike one as too wide, 
+being seperated by the box of the VP. One possibility would be to 
+specify VPs node as \verb|\Node[0]{r}{VP}| which puts VP into a box 
+whose width is \verb|\wd0|, which is zero because box0 has not yet 
+been used.  A more general way would be to place the VP node right 
+into the middle between two columns.  This saves us one column in the 
+table; the command \verb.\NodeZ. makes a box of width zero and puts it 
+at the right edge of a column (i.e.  ``between'' two columns): %
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{treetab}{ccc}
+&\Node{}{IP}\\[3ex]
+\Node{l} {DP}&\NodeZ{r}{VP}\\[3ex]
+\NodeNo1{ml}&\Node{lr}{V}&\Node{rr} {DP}\\[3ex]
+&\NodeNo2{mlr}&\NodeNo3{mrr}
+\end{treetab}
+\end{verbatim}
+\setbox1=\hbox{She}
+\setbox2=\hbox{exonerated}
+\setbox3=\hbox{him}
+\NodeWidthNo2
+%
+\begin{treetab}{ccc}
+&\Node{}{IP}\\[3ex]
+\Node{l} {DP}&\NodeZ{r}{VP}\\[3ex]
+\NodeNo1{ml}&\Node{lr}{V}&\Node{rr} {DP}\\[3ex]
+&\NodeNo2{mlr}&\NodeNo3{mrr}
+\end{treetab}
+
+But now we got an asymmetry of the branches at the top level, which 
+can be fixed by shifting the IP to the left.  This can be done by 
+replacing \verb|\Node{}{IP}| by \verb|\NodeZ{}{IP}\hspace*{0.75\wd2}|:
+
+\setbox1=\hbox{She}
+\setbox2=\hbox{exonerated}
+\setbox3=\hbox{him}
+\NodeWidthNo2
+\begin{treetab}{ccc}
+&\NodeZ{}{IP}\hspace*{0.75\wd2}\\[3ex]
+\Node{l} {DP}&\NodeZ{r}{VP}\\[3ex]
+\NodeNo1{ml}&\Node{lr}{V}&\Node{rr} {DP}\\[3ex]
+&\NodeNo2{mlr}&\NodeNo3{mrr}
+\end{treetab}
+
+For larger trees these asymmetries have to be  levelled out 
+consecutively, as shown in the next tree (an example from real life):  
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\let\N=\Node
+\let\NZ=\NodeZ
+\let\NNo=\NodeNo
+\let\NTNo=\NodeTNo
+\let\MNW=\MinNodeWidth
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 
+\newcommand{\End}{\\[4ex]}
+\newcommand{\trivtab}[2]{\hbox{\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}c@{}}#1\\
+               #2\end{tabular}}}
+\newcommand{\twotab}[2]{\hbox{\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}ll@{}}#1\\
+               #2\end{tabular}}}
+%
+\tabcolsep2pt
+\setbox0=\twotab{mit & wem$_i$}{with & who}
+\setbox1=\trivtab{glaubst}{think}
+\setbox2=\trivtab{du}{you}
+\setbox3=\hbox{t$_j$}
+\setbox4=\hbox{t$_i$}
+\setbox5=\trivtab{dass}{that}
+\setbox6=\trivtab{Maria}{Maria} 
+\setbox7=\hbox{t$_i$}
+\setbox8=\twotab{gesprochen & hat}{spoken & has}
+
+%
+\NodeWidthNo1%
+\newcommand{\adjustA}{\hspace*{.75\MNW}}
+\newcommand{\adjustB}{\hspace*{.625\MNW}}
+\newcommand{\adjustC}{\hspace*{.5625\MNW}}
+\newcommand{\adjustD}{\hspace*{.53125\MNW}}
+\newcommand{\adjustE}{\hspace*{.515625\MNW}}
+%
+\begin{treetab}{*9{c}}
+\rlap{\hspace*{.25\wd0}\adjustA\makebox[0pt]{\N{}{CP}}}\End 
+\N{l}{Spec}&&\N{r}{C$'$}\End 
+\NTNo0{ml}&\N{lr}{C$^0$}&&\N{rr}{IP}\End
+&\NNo1[6]{mlr}&\N{lrr}{DP}&&\NZ{rrr}{V}\adjustE\End
+&&\NNo2{mlrr}&\N{lrrr}{V}&&\NZ{rrrr}{CP}\adjustD\End
+&&&\NNo3{mlrrr}&\N{lrrrr}{Spec}&&\NZ{rrrrr}{C$'$}\adjustC\End
+&&&&\NNo4{mlrrrr}&\N{lrrrrr}{C$^0$}&&\NZ{rrrrrr}{IP}\adjustB\End
+&&&&&\NNo5{mlrrrrr}&\N{lrrrrrr}{DP}&&\NZ{rrrrrrr}{V}\adjustA\End
+&&&&&&\NNo6{mlrrrrrr}&\N{lrrrrrrr}{PP}&\hspace{\wd1}\NZ{rrrrrrrr}{V}\End
+&&&&&&&\NNo7{mlrrrrrrr}&\NodeTZNo8{mrrrrrrrr}
+\end{treetab}
+
+We first define a number of shortcuts which will keep the table 
+managable:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\let\N=\Node
+\let\NZ=\NodeZ
+\let\NNo=\NodeNo
+\let\NTNo=\NodeTNo
+\let\MNW=\MinNodeWidth
+\newcommand{\adjustA}{\hspace*{.75\MNW}}
+\newcommand{\adjustB}{\hspace*{.625\MNW}}
+\newcommand{\adjustC}{\hspace*{.5625\MNW}}
+\newcommand{\adjustD}{\hspace*{.53125\MNW}}
+\newcommand{\adjustE}{\hspace*{.515625\MNW}}
+\newcommand{\End}{\\[4ex]}
+\newcommand{\trivtab}[2]{\hbox{\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}c@{}}#1\\
+               #2\end{tabular}}}
+\newcommand{\twotab}[2]{\hbox{\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}ll@{}}#1\\
+               #2\end{tabular}}}
+\end{verbatim}
+%
+Next we put all leaves into boxes:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\tabcolsep2pt
+\setbox0=\twotab{mit & wem$_i$}{with & who}
+\setbox1=\trivtab{glaubst}{think}
+\setbox2=\trivtab{du}{you}
+\setbox3=\hbox{t$_j$}
+\setbox4=\hbox{t$_i$}
+\setbox5=\trivtab{dass}{that}
+\setbox6=\trivtab{Maria}{Maria} 
+\setbox7=\hbox{t$_i$}
+\setbox8=\twotab{gesprochen & hat}{spoken & has}
+\end{verbatim}
+And finially we specify the minimal node width and construct the table:
+\begin{small}\begin{verbatim}
+\NodeWidthNo1
+\begin{treetab}{*9{c}}
+&\N{}{CP}\End
+\N{l}{Spec}&&\N{r}{C$'$}\End 
+\NTNo0{ml}&\N{lr}{C$^0$}&&\N{rr}{IP}\End
+&\NNo1[6]{mlr}&\N{lrr}{DP}&&\NZ{rrr}{V}\adjustE\End
+&&\NNo2{mlrr}&\N{lrrr}{V}&&\NZ{rrrr}{CP}\adjustD\End
+&&&\NNo3{mlrrr}&\N{lrrrr}{Spec}&&\NZ{rrrrr}{C$'$}\adjustC\End
+&&&&\NNo4{mlrrrr}&\N{lrrrrr}{C$^0$}&&\NZ{rrrrrr}{IP}\adjustB\End
+&&&&&\NNo5{mlrrrrr}&\N{lrrrrrr}{DP}&&\NZ{rrrrrrr}{V}\adjustA\End
+&&&&&&\NNo6{mlrrrrrr}&\N{lrrrrrrr}{PP}&\hspace{\wd1}\NZ{rrrrrrrr}{V}\End
+&&&&&&&\NNo7{mlrrrrrrr}&\NodeTZNo8{mrrrrrrrr}
+\end{treetab}
+\end{verbatim}\end{small}
+
+Note that box0 is wider than box1, therefore the root should not be in 
+the middle of box1 but should appear 
+exactly in the middle between box0 and box2. We therefore have to 
+replace the first line of the table by 
+\begin{verbatim}
+\rlap{\hspace*{.25\wd0}\adjustA\makebox[0pt]{\N{}{CP}}}\End 
+\end{verbatim}
+
+
+Here is another real life example from  phonology: 
+
+\setbox1=\hbox{mn}
+\NodeWidthNo1
+\begin{treetab}[t]{*4c}
+\nodeZ{l}{$\sigma$}&&\nodeZ{r}{$\sigma$}\End
+\Node{ll}{V}&\Node{rl}{C}\nodeZ{xx}{=}&\Node{gr}{C}&\Node{lr}{V}\End
+\Node{mll}{e}&\NodeZ{mrl}{b}&&\Node{mlr}{e}
+\end{treetab}
+\nodeconnect{gr}{mrl}
+     
+The main point to be observed is that the first line cannot contain 
+\verb|\Node|'s (but must contain \verb|\node|'s), otherwise the macro 
+will complain that it cannot find the root of a tree: 
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+	\setbox1=\hbox{mn}
+\NodeWidthNo1
+\begin{treetab}[t]{*4c}
+\nodeZ{l}{$\sigma$}&&\nodeZ{r}{$\sigma$}\End
+\Node{ll}{V}&\Node{rl}{C}\nodeZ{xx}{=}&\Node{gr}{C}&\Node{lr}{V}\End
+\Node{mll}{e}&\NodeZ{mrl}{b}&&\Node{mlr}{e}
+\end{treetab}
+\nodeconnect{gr}{mrl}
+
+\end{verbatim}
+One final warning: It seems to me that \TeX\ internally uses certain 
+boxes to construct its tables.  This means that the width of a box 
+might have changed by \TeX\ internally to zero before you come to the 
+point where you want to use the lenght prespecified by \verb|\setbox|.  It 
+might therefore be necessary to store this lenght as soon as possible; 
+e.g.  by saying \verb|\NodeWidthNo{n}| immediately after having defined 
+\verb|\setboxn|.
+\end{document}
\ No newline at end of file